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Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Listen to the music: "The Tara and Johnny Show" is a hoot though fair or not the interplay of NBC figure skating commentators Tara Lipinski and Johnny Weir has lost some of its authentic feel as it has been appropriated by Google for ads.
But watching the ice dancing coverage with Tanith White in their analyst role opposite announcer Terry Gannon perhaps you heard something you don't always get from Lipinski and Weir : the music accompanying the skaters.
With women's figure skating and more Tara and Johnny Lipinski and Weir presumably will continue to bring the critical eye candor and enthusiasm they so deftly applied to this point.
Anticipating and/or pointing out something that's notable impressive or disastrous as it occurs is fine. Lipinski and Weir sometimes announce their presence as much as the event they're ostensibly covering.
Till then it's OK for Lipinski and Weir to let the performances speak for themselves a bit. Plenty of time to dish and dig into it later.
But just you wait: Scott Hamilton is too good a figure skating analyst not to have more of a presence though clearly Lipinski and Weir don't leave much room for more voices on a telecast. | Seven things about NBC's Olympics coverage including an idea for Scott Hamilton | fc-sni-persent | 0 | 40bf43deca1b9df15282ab9e84f6d49a1946871e4b3e15b5b90ca47557124471 |
Teacher:In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: We studied the genetic diversity, geographical structure, infection prevalence, and age-associated prevalence among camels at the largest entry port of camels from Africa into the Arabian Peninsula. Methods In this prospective genomic study, we took nasal samples from camels imported from Sudan and Djibouti into the Port of Jeddah in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, over an almost 2-year period and local Arabian camels over 2 months in the year after surveillance of the port. We determined the prevalence of MERS-CoV infection, age-associated patterns of infection, and undertook phylogeographical and migration analyses to determine intercountry virus transmission after local lineage establishment. We compared all virological characteristics between the local and imported cohorts. We compared major gene deletions between African and Arabian strains of the virus. Reproductive numbers were inferred with Bayesian birth death skyline analyses. Between Aug 10, 2016, and May 3, 2018, we collected samples from 1196 imported camels, of which 868 originated from Sudan and 328 from Djibouti, and between May 1, and June 25, 2018, we collected samples from 472 local camels, of which 189 were from Riyadh and 283 were from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Virus prevalence was higher in local camels than in imported camels (224 [475%] of 472 vs 157 [131%] of 1196; p<00001). Infection prevalence peaked among camels older than 1 year and aged up to 2 years in both groups, with 255 (669%) of 381 positive cases in this age group. Although the overall geographical distribution of the virus corresponded with the phylogenetic tree topology, some virus exchange was observed between countries corresponding with trade routes in the region. East and west African strains of the virus appear to be geographically separated, with an origin of west African strains in east Africa. African strains of the virus were not re-sampled in Saudi Arabia despite sampling approximately 1 year after importation from Africa. All local Arabian samples contained strains of the virus that belong to a novel recombinant clade (NRC) first detected in 2014 in Saudi Arabia. Reproduction number estimates informed by the sequences suggest sustained endemicity of NRC, with a mean R e of 116. Interpretation Despite frequent imports of MERS-CoV with camels from Africa, African lineages of MERS-CoV do not establish themselves in Saudi Arabia. Arabian strains of the virus should be tested for changes in virulence and transmissibility.
Student: | Enzootic patterns of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in imported African and local Arabian dromedary camels: a prospective genomic study | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 05fba9c85af69b1a83aaa017e40a82cd75b153a01a6759186459cb48f009e48a |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you're given a context passage, followed by a question that needs to be answered. Based on the paragraph, you must write unambiguous answers to the questions and your answer must refer to a specific phrase from the paragraph. If multiple answers seem to exist, write the answer that is the most plausible.
Minnesota "Doc" West is sending money (each bill marked with an "E") to a boarding school in Boston in a post office at Santa Fe, New Mexico. After leaving the post office he is robbed by two bandits who take everything, including his money. He rides after them on his horse, but is stopped when he sees a boy named Silver fall off his horse spooked by a rattlesnake. West shoots the rattlesnake's rattler off and it retreats into the bushes. Silver's arm is dislocated, but West fixes it. Silver asks him if he's a doctor, but West declines. Silver tells West that the bandits headed for Holysand, the nearest town. When they arrive in Holysand, they discover a fire in the middle of town set by Silver's stepfather and rancher, Nathan Mitchell. Nathan argues with a rival rancher, Victor Baker about burning the bags of seed that Nathan bought. The argument is broken up by Sheriff Roy Basehart and the local school teacher Denise Stark. Nathan's ranch hand, Garvey orders Silver to clean it up. West walks into the saloon turning everyone's head, because he is new. Instead of ordering whiskey he orders tea, causing everyone to ridicule him. Garvey offers him a seat and a round of poker. West wins a hand, but Garvey accuses him of cheating. The sheriff arrests West and locks him up and Garvey keeps West's money. Later that night Silver tells people about how West fixed his arm. When the sheriff tells West about his back pain, he suggests getting new boots. The next morning Nathan's daughter, Millie who West met in the post office,
Question: What is the full name of the man that the boy's stepfather is arguing with?
Output: | Victor Baker | fc-sni-mocha | 0 | 50483ca7b1aa59bc2984b88fb6aa4f290966a7e27e220def94fbc046e3c6ef84 |
In this task, you are given Yelp reviews. The task is to classify a review as "POSITIVE" if the overall sentiment of the review is positive or as "NEGATIVE" if the overall sentiment of the review is negative.
Q: The only reason I'm giving Shea Women's Care 1 star is due to my first visit for an annual well woman exam, that occurred over 1 year ago. At that time, I saw Dr Brenda Martin. She was wonderful and very thorough. I recently scheduled another annual well woman exam. I had to re-schedule due to travel delays out of LA. I called from LA, 6+ hours before my scheduled appointment when I knew my flight into PHX was delayed. When I arrived for my subsequent appointment, I was told I was being charged a $35.00 ""cancellation fee."" I was also told that since I had re-scheduled an appointment last year, and that $35.00 ""one time cancellation fee"" had been ""waived"", I'd have to speak with the office manager, (who at the time was on vacation.) I asked the young lady at the desk if there were any telephone log notes regarding my recent or last years cancellation. There were not, (she didn't offer to show me anything.) I have the call date & time on my iPhone that shows my recent cancellation/re-schedule. I offered to show this to the employee at the front desk. She kept repeating the ""office policy."" She was professional and just doing her ""job."" I get it.
However.......I too understand the importance of patient scheduling. If I do not see patients, I do not get paid. Time is money. Again, after working as a licensed healthcare professional for 17 years, I get it. Life happens. I have no control over flight cancellations, illness, car wrecks or whatever else may cause a person to call and re-schedule. I always call to re-schedule. The incident causing a re-schedule last year was due to arriving at work at 8am, and by 9am, having to cover additional patients from another therapists caseload as that therapist went home ill. I had immediately called Shea Women's Care to re-schedule that days 3pm appointment as I knew I wouldn't be finished with work.
Today, I received a call from the office manager of Shea Women's Group that their ""policy"" now requires a $55.00 ""cancellation/re-schedule fee"" as I walked out of the office (last week) when I arrived for my re-scheduled annual well woman exam.
Did I walk out? Yes. Was I extremely frustrated? Yes. As a cash paying patient, I was being charged a ridiculous amount, and being demanded a ""35.00 cancellation/re-schedule fee."" Really?!? When I called hours ahead of time and re-scheduled?!? I find it amazing that the ""re-schedule fee"" is demanded, yet when a patient sits in the exam room for 30+ minutes AFTER the scheduled appointment time, the patients isn't re-imbursed for their time! Time is money, right?!?
Healthcare in this country is a greedy train wreck and continues to get worse. I'm sure the healthcare professionals at Shea Women's Care are excellent providers. However, a change in such a ridiculous, unreasonable, rigid policy where everyone is penalized for the rudeness and lack of courtesy of other patients who simply donot show up or call regarding their scheduled appointment is a simpleton act of ""cutting off your nose to spite your face."" Very poor business practices. I wish Shea Women's Care continued good luck. I will and am, no longer requiring their services.
A: | NEGATIVE | fc-sni-yelp_polarity | 0 | c4183dc2b8fe6b11dac0ffeedbf8a106990675c399561d59037c46e6c2730767 |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a question. You have to answer the question based on your information.
PROBLEM: Smoke Break was a song written by the singer-songwriter who received an Academy Award nomination for what 2011 song?
SOLUTION: Coming Home
PROBLEM: Who was born first, Vania King or Martina Navratilova?
SOLUTION: Martina Navratilova
PROBLEM: What electoral ward of Manchester, England, did Leonard "Len" Benker Johnson spend time in prior to World War II?
SOLUTION: | Moss Side | fc-sni-hotpotqa | 0 | e851121bf894810401adc10a99457631d32cf9d066d16d739488a081c87968f4 |
You are given a science question (easy-level) and four answer options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D"). Your task is to find the correct answer based on scientific facts, knowledge, and reasoning. Do not generate anything else apart from one of the following characters: 'A', 'B, 'C', 'D'. There is only one correct answer for each question.
Ex Input:
Which are examples of inherited traits?
(A) specific beliefs (B) fingerprints (C) memories (D) nose shape
Ex Output:
D
Ex Input:
Which material is most easily recycled at school?
(A) plastic wrap (B) notebook paper (C) ice cream sticks (D) rubber erasers
Ex Output:
B
Ex Input:
Onions can reproduce from bulbs. One parent bulb generates daughter bulbs with duplicate genetic information. Which is the most likely advantage of this kind of reproduction?
(A) Population size remains constant. (B) Beneficial mutations are inevitable. (C) Genetic variation is maximized. (D) Large quantities of individuals can be produced rapidly.
Ex Output: | D | fc-sni-arc | 0 | 180ea70ca7af78b9f4be588c72f71d37eae4886cfeb6777b89135a3375dc6adb |
Q: In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
A 1,7-bis(alkylamino)diazachrysene-based small molecule was previously identified as an inhibitor of the botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain metalloprotease. Subsequently, a variety of derivatives of this chemotype were synthesized to develop structure-activity relationships, and all are inhibitors of the BoNT/A LC. Three-dimensional analyses indicated that half of the originally discovered 1,7-DAAC structure superimposed well with 4-amino-7-chloroquinolinebased antimalarial agents. This observation led to the discovery that several of the 1,7-DAAC derivatives are potent in vitro inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum and, in general, are more efficacious against CQ-resistant strains than against CQ-susceptible strains. In addition, by inhibiting -hematin formation, the most efficacious 1,7-DAAC-based antimalarials employ a mechanism of action analogous to that of 4,7-ACQ-based antimalarials and are well tolerated by normal cells. One candidate was also effective when administered orally in a rodent-based malaria model. Finally, the 1,7-DAAC-based derivatives were examined for Ebola filovirus inhibition in an assay employing Vero76 cells, and three provided promising antiviral activities and acceptably low toxicities.
A: | A Chemotype That Inhibits Three Unrelated Pathogenic Targets: The Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A Light Chain, P. falciparum Malaria, and the Ebola Filovirus | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 7875b34481a6fd5abed1905266e55a4ffeae490d1da8b389edaf400df299e353 |
Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question separated with a
. You have to answer the question based on the context.
Input: The RelNet model achieves a mean error of 0.285% across tasks which is better than the results of the EntNet model BIBREF17 . The RelNet model is able to achieve 0% test error on 11 of the tasks, whereas the EntNet model achieves 0% error on 7 of the tasks. The RelNet model achieves a mean error of 0.285% across tasks which is better than the results of the EntNet model BIBREF17 . The RelNet model is able to achieve 0% test error on 11 of the tasks, whereas the EntNet model achieves 0% error on 7 of the tasks.
Question: What are the relative improvements observed over existing methods?
Output: | The RelNet model achieves a mean error of 0.285% across tasks which is better than the results of the EntNet model BIBREF17 . The RelNet model is able to achieve 0% test error on 11 of the tasks, whereas the EntNet model achieves 0% error on 7 of the tasks. | fc-sni-qasper | 0 | 124a394a5edf1d79fc3d4f96716e34f251f37be761abafccf22d7d9063078f54 |
Definition: In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Input: Background: The pathways and mechanism by which associations between the gut microbiome and the brain, termed the microbiome-gut-brain axis (MGBA), are manifest but remain to be fully elucidated. This study aims to use bibliometric analysis to estimate the global activity within this rapidly developing field and to identify particular areas of focus that are of current relevance to the MGBA during the last decade (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018). Methods: The current study uses the Scopus for data collection. We used the key terms "microbiome-gut-brain axis" and its synonyms because we are concerned with MGBA per se as a new concept in research rather than related topics. A VOSviewer version 1.6.11 was used to visualize collaboration pattern between countries and authors, and evolving research topics by analysis of the term co-occurrence in the title and abstract of publications. Results: Between 2009 and 2018, there were 51,504 published documents related to the microbiome, including 1713 articles related to the MGBA: 829 (48.4%) original articles, 658(38.4%) reviews, and 226 (13.2%) other articles such as notes, editorials or letters. The USA took the first place with 385 appearances, followed by Ireland (n = 161), China (n = 155), and Canada (n = 144).The overall citation h-index was 106, and the countries with the highest h-index values were the USA (69), Ireland (58), and Canada (43). The cluster analysis demonstrated that the dominant fields of the MGBA include four clusters with four research directions: "modeling MGBA in animal systems", "interplay between the gut microbiota and the immune system", "irritable bowel syndrome related to gut microbiota", and "neurodegenerative diseases related to gut microbiota". Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the research on the MGBA has been becoming progressively more extensive at global level over the past 10 years. Overall, our study found that a large amount of work on MGBA focused on immunomodulation, irritable bowel syndrome, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Despite considerable progress illustrating the communication between the gut microbiome and the brain over the past 10 years, many issues remain about their relevance for therapeutic intervention of many diseases.
Output: | Global research trends in microbiome-gut- brain axis during 2009-2018: a bibliometric and visualized study | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 13515970ace4045079e7425069a0aea29b0b4bd8f5194dd50cb73307c01febac |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
Q: Context: A lava field, also called a lava plain or lava bed, is a large expanse of nearly flat-lying lava flows. Such features are generally composed of highly fluid basalt lava, and can extend for tens or even hundreds of miles across the underlying terrain. The extent of large lava fields is most readily grasped from the air or in satellite photos, where their typically dark, nearly black color contrasts sharply with the rest of the landscape.
According to the US Geological Survey, monogenetic volcanic fields are collections of cinder cones, and/or Maar vents and associated lava flows and pyroclastic deposits. Sometimes a stratovolcano
is at the center of the field, as at the San Francisco Volcanic Field in Arizona. Monogenetic volcano fields have systematic growth patterns that suggest they represent single magmatic systems in the same way that stratovolcanoes do, but monogenetic volcanoes grow laterally rather than vertically (Wood and Shoan, 1984). Detailed mapping indicates that some cinder cones in monogenetic fields (e.g., Cima, California, and Timber Mountain Volcanic Field, Nevada) may have had multiple eruptions separated by tens to hundreds of thousands of years (Wells, et al., 1989). Thus, some monogenetic cones may actually be polygenetic. This possibility differs from observations of historic eruptions (Wood, 1979), and is physically difficult to understand because cinder cone conduits are narrow and must solidify within a few years of eruption. Nonetheless, such multiple eruptions appear to have happened at least twice: Other cinder cones need to be closely reexamined., Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population in July 2015 was (though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press), making Kiev the 7th most populous city in Europe., "Wild Dances" is a single by Ukrainian singer-songwriter Ruslana. The song won the Eurovision Song Contest 2004 held in Turkey with an amount of 280 points. A Ukrainian version called "Dyki tantsi" was released in Russia and Ukraine., The Eurovision Song Contest 2005 was the 50th annual Eurovision Song Contest. The contest took place at the Palace of Sports in Kiev, Ukraine, following Ruslana's win in the 2004 Contest with the song "Wild Dances". The contest consisted of two shows: the semi-final and final, which took place on 19 and 21 May 2005, respectively. The shows were hosted by Maria Efrosinina and Pavlo Shylko. Thirty-nine countries participated, including the debuts of Bulgaria and Moldova and the return of Hungary, which was last represented in 1998., The Republic of Iceland, "Lyveldi Island" in Icelandic, is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Reykjavik. Reykjavik and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population. Iceland is volcanically and geologically active. The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands. Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle. Its high latitude and marine influence still keeps summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate., The Eurovision Song Contest, sometimes popularly called Eurovision but not to be confused with the Eurovision network that broadcasts it, is the longest-running annual international TV song competition, held, primarily, among the member countries of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) since 1956. The competition was based upon the existing Sanremo Music Festival held in Italy since 1951., Maria "Masha" Efrosinina, (born 25 May 1979 in Kerch), is a Ukrainian television host., Ukraine (tr. ) is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland and Slovakia to the west, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. Ukraine is currently in territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian. Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world. It has a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world., '' If I Had Your Love '' was the Icelandic entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 , performed in English by Selma . The song is an up - tempo dance number , with Selma singing about what she would do '' If I had your love '' . She claims that it would inspire her above all other things . The song was criticised after the Contest for being somewhat musically confusing , as it featured a number of tempo and key changes in unusual places ., Subject: if i had your love, Relation: instance_of, Options: (A) 25 (B) area (C) broadcasting (D) capital (E) city (F) community (G) country (H) eurovision song contest (I) festival (J) italy (K) july (L) may (M) member (N) nine (O) palace (P) part (Q) population (R) river (S) sea (T) single (U) song (V) state
A: | single | fc-sni-wiki_hop | 0 | f4933963ab92f3965f95776aa05452876622a525143df1191a022d2c672f3584 |
In this task, you are given a review of movie. Your task is to classify given movie review into two categories: 1) positive, and 2) negative based on its content.
Q: If you have any sort of appreciation for character and dialogue, and any sense of American cultural history, you will find a lot of very absorbing material in this film. It probably was originally a play, and that's why it's dialogue heavy, but I can't stress enough how these icons that we only have a shallow understand of are made into truly complex and wonderful characters.This film is better than any college course for telling you how to create a character-driven story.
A: positive
****
Q: Because 'cruel' would be the only word in existence to describe the intentions of these film makers. Where do you even begin? In a spout of b*tchiness, I'm going to start with the awful acting of nearly everybody in this movie. Scratch that. Nearly does not belong in that sentence. I can't think of even one character who was portrayed well. Although, in all fairness, it would be nearly impossible to portray these zero dimensional characters in a successful way. Still, the girl who played Katherine (whose name I purposefully don't include - I'm pretending she doesn't exist) remains one of the worst actors I've ever seen, only eclipsed by the guy who played Sebastian. The story was God awful. It attempted to mirror the brilliance that was the first one but failed in so many ways. Pretty much every part of it was pointless - though I will admit (grudgingly) that the plot twist was quite good it its surprise. And the ending was at least slightly humorous. But this film is up there with the worst I've seen. Don't watch it. Just don't. There is absolutely no value in watching it. None. It only takes away the enjoyment of the first.
A: negative
****
Q: What can I say??? This movie was so Dumb & Stupid I thought it was a Psychotic DRAG Comedy - They should rename it "Bitching Pregnant Cat Fight!" What a stupid waste of time , if you want to see(DIE DIE!!! "I WANT YOUR BABY DRAG QUEEN) Jennifer Tilly being her Freaky self then just rent out one Of the "Chucky" movie, oh ya , "The Bride Of Chucky." It's more fun watching the Two Ugly Plastic dolls (one of them Jennifer Tilly turned into the UGLY Female version of Chucky) having Squeaky plastic rubber sex then watching Daryl Hannah being pregnant , Dumb & stupid; & Jennifer Tilly Grinding up her Husbang in a Food Processor reminded me of my Mother trying to do House Work! OK it's just BAD!!!
A: | negative
**** | fc-sni-imdb | 0 | 7e28627f23b08996799cea03d403d9c8869935b4b48bc6999618676901fcde0d |
Given reviews from Amazon, classify those review based on their content into two classes: Negative or Positive.
Input: Consider Input: If you are of a certain age and experience, you already know about Dharma Bums.If you are of another certain age and experience, this book goes against everything taught by Saint Ronald Reagan, and so you should avoid it.If you are young, give this book a try. Better yet, instead of buying it, go to the local library to read it. Unless the people I described in my second paragraph have taken over and there are only Approved Books in the library...if there are libraries at all. Libraries cost money, and that means (shudder) taxes.For everyone else: this is Kerouak's best work.
Output: Positive
Input: Consider Input: This is written by a 43 year old male who is a true film fanatic. I love all the great directors- Spielberg, Hitchcock, Wilder, Kubrick, Landis, Scorsese, etc. etc."The Unbearable Lightness of Being" was one, if not the most tedious films, I have ever had to endure. Why is it so talked about is beyond me unless, there is nothing definable to discuss. The scenery was bland, dialogue uninteresting and unengaging, even the shots were dull.It's the first film I ever returned to Amazon...ever.When I took Cinema History in College, the Professors I had kept talking about this film as a "must see/ will change your life" sort of thing. Curious, as we never saw it in class (must have been the explicit erotic nature it has at times). Now I think they wanted the girls in the class to see it on their own, because they may have wanted to discuss it with them personally after the class was dismissed, if you catch my drift.I would pass on this one-big time.
Output: Negative
Input: Consider Input: When I first saw this movie had no idea that JCVD was going to be in it.I knew that Sho was.Sho always does great movies .Sometime they are alittle "campy" but the fight scenes are always good.JCVD really out classed Sho in this one.I give them both 10's anyway.The way that they interact make you think that they should make more together,but that was at the end of Sho's movie days and the beginning of Jean's.I think that anyone who wants to see a good movie will like this one.It's not just a martial arts movie. | Output: Positive | fc-sni-amazon_polarity | 0 | 68acb6dcba2065fe71263ab688f54af42352d70ea44ffbf9c8c4ea6e1810f736 |
Q: Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
Personality: My favorite thing to do is read.
My newest car is a chevy.
I like to eat spaghetti.
I work at a power plant.
Chat history: -Hey, how are you doing?
-Hi. I'm doing well. Its raining and I love it.
-I love rain and storms, esp with a good book!
-Yes! I do like winter alot too. Just laying in my single bed cuddled.
-Ah, that's nice and cozy! Do you like spaghetti?
-No I don't like it.
-Its my favorite! What is your favorite food?
-I like anything handheld, like burritos. So easy to eat while driving my van.
-Nice. I have a Chevy van and I love it!
-That's awesome. Do you have hobbies?
A: | I enjoy reading and making pasta. You! | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | 0c4382b611ce8c1dcbfd27c05ed44a0ce33d3ca1f6b62080c7c8aa6cfa8ec4ed |
In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
Example input: Text: title speaks for itself really...
i just wasted $1500 of my parents' money.
i feel terrible.
edit: i guess it wasn't that i took the wrong class, but the class i was taking wouldn't transfer credits over to my university. so really it was my negligence to do more research in the matter. gg
Example output: TIFU by taking the wrong class for 2 weeks and only realizing it today
Example explanation: This title is appropriate for the given text post because the focus of this post is about a humorous situation caused by "taking the wrong class".
Q: Text: not too bad, but pretty embarrassing.
i was browsing reddit like i usually do, teacher doing what he does. usually i'm the first one done with all my work, so he doesn't mind what i do. he *doesn't* know however, that i use reddit, and he has no clue what it's about. i was going thru the frontpage like i normally do, and he started to come over to check what the assignment would look like on the google classroom. he looks through my tabs to find the classroom, but it wasn't there, and out of all the tabs he could've stopped on, it was the "pg lesbian love". he stands there like a brick just staring at the title. "is that what i think it says?"
"nononono, you don't understand, it's from reddit it's kinda like a joke.. you'd only get it if you go on there a lot"
by this time the half the class is just kinda looking at me and the teacher.
i've browsed through places like these before when i was younger, but 'pg lesbian love' doesn't sound funny at all."
fuck
what why the fuck would you say that out loud
the entire class is just staring at me in complete dead silence, and the teacher tells me to get out. "nono l-like it" "it's a joke though you wouldnt get it-" im stuttering so hard and i'm as red as the person next-to-me's shit.
"get out, and go to ic"
posting from phone, will update tomorrow to see if i can talk to him
A: | TIFU by having Reddit open in another tab at school | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | 154e680c13fa554fa9bcf0545bae74d50d8279c7b144b734d1b01a2cae7e86ae |
Given a question and a context passage, generate the answer having the word or phrase from the context passage. Here, the answer should be a shortest continous span from the passage.
[Q]: Context: Australia is the smallest continent in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is on the Southern Hemisphere of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is small. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai. Enough laws have been made to fight against pollution. The cities in Australia have little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish in the rivers. Plants grow very well. Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flower _ . There we saw large numbers of wild flowers on show, most of which we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. Every year in spring Perth has wild flower exhibitions. After visiting Perth, we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves very much. When we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill, we looked up, but what we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to our car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us along the path. Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos . After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself among the white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere you can see sheep.
Question: Which country is the writer most possibly from?
[A]: china
[Q]: Context: Adolphe Lechaptois (8 June 1852 -- 30 November 1917) was a priest of the White Fathers missionary society who was Vicar Apostolic of Tangyanika from 1891 until his death in 1917, in what is now Tanzania.
Question: What group was Adolphe Lechaptois a member of?
[A]: white fathers
[Q]: Context: In 1953, 10-year-old Larry Flynt is selling moonshine in Kentucky. Twenty years later, Flynt (Woody Harrelson) and his younger brother, Jimmy (Brett Harrelson) run the Hustler Go-Go club in Cincinnati. With profits down, Flynt decides to publish a newsletter for the club, the first Hustler magazine, with nude pictures of women working at the club. The newsletter soon becomes a full-fledged magazine, but sales are weak. In 1975, after Hustler publishes nude pictures of former first lady Jackie Kennedy Onassis, sales take off.Flynt becomes smitten with Althea Leasure (Courtney Love), a stripper who works at one of his clubs. With Althea and Jimmy's help, Flynt makes a fortune from sales of Hustler. With his success comes enemies - as he finds himself a hated figure of anti-pornography activists. He argues with the activists, saying that "murder is illegal, but if you take a picture of it you may get your name in a magazine or maybe win a Pulitzer Prize". "However", he continues, "sex is legal, but if you take a picture of that act, you can go to jail". He becomes involved in several prominent court cases, and befriends a young lawyer, Alan Isaacman (Edward Norton). In 1975, Flynt loses a smut-peddling court decision in Cincinnati but is released from jail soon afterwards on a technicality. Ruth Carter Stapleton (Hanover), a Christian activist and sister of President Jimmy Carter, seeks out Flynt and urges him to give his life to Jesus. Flynt seems moved and starts letting his newfound religion influence everything in his life, including Hustler content.In 1978, during another trial in Georgia, Flynt and Isaacman are both shot by a man with a rifle while they walk outside a courthouse. Isaacman recovers, but Flynt is paralyzed from the waist down and uses a wheelchair for the rest of his life. Wishing he was dead, Flynt renounces God. Because of the emotional and physical pain, he moves to Beverly Hills, California and spirals down into depression and drug use. During this time, Althea also becomes addicted to painkillers and morphine.In 1983, Flynt undergoes back surgery to deaden several nerves, and as a result, feels rejuvenated. He returns to an active role with the publication, which, in his absence, had been run by Althea and Jimmy. That same year, Flynt is soon in court again for leaking videos relating to the John DeLorean entrapment case, and during his courtroom antics, he fires Isaacman, then throws an orange at the judge. He later wears an American flag as an adult diaper along with an army helmet, and wears T-shirts with provocative messages such as "I Wish I Was Black" and "Fuck This Court." After spitting water at the judge Flynt is sent to a psychiatric ward, where he sinks into depression again. He is diagnosed with having bipolar disorder and forced to take treatment.During this time, Flynt publishes a satirical parody ad in which Christian fundamentalist preacher Jerry Falwell tells of a sexual encounter with his mother. Falwell sues for libel and emotional distress. Flynt countersues for copyright infringement, because Falwell copied his ad. The case goes to trial in December 1984, but the decision is mixed, as Flynt is found guilty of inflicting emotional distress but not libel.By that time, Althea has contracted HIV, which proceeds to AIDS. Some time later in 1987, Flynt finds her dead in the bathtub, having drowned. Flynt presses Isaacman to appeal the Falwell decision to the Supreme Court of the United States. Isaacman refuses, saying Flynt's courtroom antics humiliated him. Flynt pleads with him, saying that he "wants to be remembered for something meaningful". Isaacman agrees and argues the "emotional distress" decision in front of the Supreme Court, in the case Hustler Magazine v. Falwell in 1988. With Flynt in the courtroom, the court overturns the original verdict in a unanimous decision. After the trial, Flynt is alone in his bedroom watching old videotapes of a healthy Althea.
Question: During courtroom antics, who was fired by Flynt?
[A]: | isaacman | fc-sni-mrqa | 0 | 73f2df18aaab33be099e1ed7000e6144f023df49454119f6e119cfce873ea8dd |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be presented with a text, a pronoun from the text, and two candidate names. You should determine what the pronoun refers to and classify the answers into A, B, or Neither. A and B here are referring to option A and option B. Position of the pronoun in the text is showed within two "_"s.
O'Sullivan partied all night, provoking that year's winner Charmaine Kenny to say she felt like ''a bit of a party popper'' for having had one hour of sleep and ''a bit of a lightweight beside her''. O'Sullivan, instead of going to bed, then embarked on a 3 kilometre walk the following morning. Victoria Mary Clarke later wrote in the Sunday Independent of how O'Sullivan ''glided glamorously through the hotel'', commenting that ''when I am _her_ age, I would not object to being like her''. <sep>, Pronoun: her <sep>, A: Victoria Mary Clarke <sep>, B: O'Sullivan | B | fc-sni-gap | 0 | cffaa8b0dd4aa5b6c17a6637e2c8eeb7da07e939d19f8180f38624b77655ed82 |
Detailed Instructions: Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Q: Context: Urinary concentrating defects and polyuria are the most important renal manifestations of hypercalcemia and the resulting hypercalciuria. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that hypercalciuria-associated polyuria in kidney collecting duct occurs through an impairment of the vasopressin-dependent aquaporin 2 (AQP2) water channel targeting to the apical membrane possibly involving calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) signaling.', 'AQP2-transfected collecting duct CD8 cells were used as experimental model. Quantitation of cell surface AQP2 immunoreactivity was performed using an antibody recognizing the extracellular AQP2 C loop. Intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation was measured in CD8 cells using a cAMP enzyme immunoassay kit. To study the translocation of protein kinase C (PKC), membranes or cytosol fractions from CD8 cells were subjected to Western blotting using anti-PKC isozymes antibodies. The amount of F-actin was determined by spectrofluorometric techniques. Intracellular calcium measurements were performed by spectrofluorometric analysis with Fura-2/AM.', 'We demonstrated that extracellular calcium (Ca2+ o) (5 mmol/L) strongly inhibited forskolin-stimulated increase in AQP2 expression in the apical plasma membrane. At least three intracellular pathways activated by extracellular calcium were found to contribute to this effect. Firstly, the increase in cAMP levels in response to forskolin stimulation was drastically reduced in cells pretreated with Ca2+ o compared to untreated cells. Second, Ca2+ o activated PKC, known to counteract vasopressin response. Third, quantification of F-actin demonstrated that Ca2+ o caused a nearly twofold increase in F-actin content compared with basal conditions. All these effects were mimicked by a nonmembrane permeable agonist of the extracellular CaR, Gd3+.
Answer: Together, these data demonstrate that extracellular calcium, possibly acting through the endogenous CaR, antagonizes forskolin-induced AQP2 translocation to the apical plasma membrane in CD8 cells. In hypercalciuria, this mechanism might blunt water reabsorption and prevent further calcium concentration, thus protecting against a potential risk of urinary calcium-containing stone formation.
A: | Does extracellular calcium antagonize forskolin-induced aquaporin 2 trafficking in collecting duct cells? | fc-sni-pubmed_qa | 0 | e4ed8939f0213ddc9558996917533ef68c7b9eb703f50591fef936636823d56a |
In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
Let me give you an example: Text: title speaks for itself really...
i just wasted $1500 of my parents' money.
i feel terrible.
edit: i guess it wasn't that i took the wrong class, but the class i was taking wouldn't transfer credits over to my university. so really it was my negligence to do more research in the matter. gg
The answer to this example can be: TIFU by taking the wrong class for 2 weeks and only realizing it today
Here is why: This title is appropriate for the given text post because the focus of this post is about a humorous situation caused by "taking the wrong class".
OK. solve this:
Text: hello, reddit! as per usual, this story happened some time ago - slightly more than four years ago, actually. also, as a first-time poster, i welcome any helpful critique.
at the time of this story, i was entering the sixth or seventh month of a relationship with a girl i refer to as r. we'd recently hit a rough patch for reasons i didn't understand - the usual problems, mainly lack of communication - and i was worried that our time together was about to end. for at least one overly complicated reason, this wasn't something i wanted; and so i determined to put together **the most romantic date ever** to convince her that we ought to stay together.
so thinking, i spent at least a week assembling snacks of all varieties - soda, chocolate, watermelon, etc. - movies that would run on my laptop's limited battery, and deciding upon a lovely, non-cliched location for such a stupendous date. eventually, i remembered some unused fields about 10 minutes north of where i lived where my family and i had gone before to star-gaze; these fields were graced by low levels of light pollution, were off the beaten path, and accessible to my family's old van - and thus, logically, to my nissan titan truck. we'd be able to stare romantically out into space, watch movies, or maybe even just lie around and sort things out. absolutely perfect, i thought to myself.
finally, the day of the date arrived. i picked up r - whom i'd purposefully left in the dark as to the "game plan" - and began driving. spirits were high, jokes were made, laughter abounded - things were looking good. eventually, we reached the intended fields with twilight just beginning; and with the suave and casual manner of a man who is unknowingly about to thrust himself into a world of hurt, i gently eased my truck off the road and into the innocent-looking field.
as i mentioned before, my family had driven into this field at least twice before in my memory; both of those times, the older van which my parents drove had had little difficulty navigating off of the road and onto the scrub grass which is native where i live. what i didn't know, however, is that the owner of the field had chosen to dig ditches just off of the road. better and better, the ditches were just the right size to swallow the (notably large) tires of my v8-engine truck. in a heartbeat, my carefully planned romantic outing turned nightmarish as i watched the passenger side of my vehicle descend gracefully, seemingly in slow motion, into the ditch.
a few minutes of frantic scheming and fevered escape attempts are made, and i manage to note a few things: 1) my truck and girlfriend are now making a near perfect /4 radian angle to the ground; 2) my lovely big truck is moving nowhere on its own; 3) this date is not going too well. however, luck was on my side: a stranger with a bigger truck stopped for us and decided to help. but after attaching tow-cables to my truck and having him put his boot down, we quickly realize that his truck isn't big enough. despair had definitely started to settle in at this point, when fate decided to throw me another bone in the shape of an even bigger truck - the driver of which was at least as charitable as the last. amazingly, this second vehicle did the trick! my truck was wrested from the stygian maw of the ditch, and the kindly strangers were showered with near hysterical "thank you"s as they rode off into the night.
unfortunately, this is where my (unbelievable) good fortune finally decided to draw the line and call it a night. maybe i was spurred to madness by what had just transpired, but my adrenaline-addled brain saw no reason why date night couldn't recommence. eyeing the fields i passed with new-found loathing, i navigated my way to a nearby lake shore which had been my backup plan for just such an emergency. but after unloading everything (i'd packed a fair bit in the name of love), i realized that r was sitting quietly in the passenger-side of my truck, crying. the stress of our misadventure, coupled with severe social anxiety had taken their toll; and after listening to her pleas, i hastily packed up everything and made the journey back to her place. that was not a fun evening. the majority of snacks went untouched; we didn't have fun, talk, or (for those of you redditors who have been patiently waiting) fool around; and we instead watched episodes of "scrubs" side-by-side, silently, in her bedroom. a month or so later, we broke up. it wasn't because of this date, but i can't imagine that it helped matters much, either.
Answer: | TIFU by planning a romantic date. | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | c28d164b42c1f2d43dcd5c90ce28735e6117d45c3956fa2963361f887ee4b040 |
Instructions: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Input: analysis and did not provide any guidance as to its future implications.... "); Schafer, 598 N.E.2d at 553 ("Sturrup is out of the mainstream of caselaw on equal protection analysis_(citation omitted));. Robbins, 941 F.Supp. at 793 ("Federal equal protection 'rational basis' analysis does not contain an 'overbroad' component. Rather, high school transfer rules, like the rule in question, are valid and enforceable." (citations omitted)); Jordan, 813 F.Supp. at 1381 (refusing to apply Sturrup overbreadth scrutiny and writing "Indiana's practice of subjecting equal protection and procedural due process claims to 'over 75 (N.D.Ill.1978) (finding Illinois version of Transfer Rule did not violate equal protection); Simkins v. S.D. High Sch. Activities Ass'n, 434 N.W.2d 367 (S.D.1989) (<HOLDING>); Chabert v. La. High Sch. Athletic Ass'n, 323
Holding statements: (A) holding illinois high school associations version of the transfer rule did not violate federal equal protection (B) holding transfer rule did not violate federal equal protection (C) holding that the cap does not violate equal protection (D) holding that doctrine does not violate equal protection (E) holding transfer rule did not violate federal equal protection as rule was uniformly applied not arbitrary and rationally related to legitimate government interest
Output: | (B) | fc-sni-casehold | 0 | 893c66a5dd3bdb70aeae0eb9eae77dc79e2182b72ec6fbc2c183c4db6ab9fc21 |
In this task, you're given a story (which contains five sentences only). Your task is to find all the characters which are available in the given story.
Sentence1: Timmy and his friend Jason loved riding bikes. Sentence2: They would always zoom around them in the neighborhood. Sentence3: They decided to have a race to see who was fastest. Sentence4: Timmy and Jason both lined up their bikes and sped off. Sentence5: Jason came across the line first. | Jason, Timmy | fc-sni-storycommonsense | 0 | edd5f61227e8869922057e737f7b3de54719911b13560ed204ade29c16f956f2 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a question. You have to answer the question based on your information.
Q: While Bahcesehir University is a private school, what type of school is Michigan Technological University?
A: | public | fc-sni-hotpotqa | 0 | a1fc1e7e8565f175252557dfd28831bbd8a257bebe71d25bab12b8e50792c24b |
In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
Q: Context: A waterfall is a place where water flows over a vertical drop or a series of drops in the course of a stream or river. Waterfalls also occur where meltwater drops over the edge of a tabular iceberg or ice shelf. , The Catawba River (named after the Native American tribes that first settled on the banks) originates in Western North Carolina and the name of the river changes to the Wateree River in South Carolina. The river is approximately 220 miles (350km) long. It rises in the Appalachian Mountains and drains into Piedmont, and is impounded through a series of reservoirs for flood control and hydroelectricity. The river is named after the Catawba tribe of Native Americans. In their Siouan language, they identified as the "Kawahcatawbas," "the people of the river"., Hymenocallis coronaria, commonly known as the Cahaba lily, shoal lily, or shoals spider-lily, is an aquatic, perennial flowering plant species of the genus "Hymenocallis". It is endemic to the Southeastern United States, being found only in Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina and parts of North Carolina. Within Alabama, it is known as the Cahaba lily; elsewhere it is known as the Shoal lily or Shoals spider-lily., A sawmill or lumber mill is a facility where logs are cut into lumber. Prior to the invention of the sawmill, boards were rived (split) and planed, or more often sawn by two men with a whipsaw, one above and another in a saw pit below. The earliest known mechanical mill is the Hierapolis sawmill, a Roman water-powered stone mill at Hierapolis, Asia Minor dating back to the 3rd century AD. Other water-powered mills followed and by the 11th century they were widespread in Spain and North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia, and in the next few centuries, spread across Europe. The circular motion of the wheel was converted to a reciprocating motion at the saw blade. Generally, only the saw was powered, and the logs had to be loaded and moved by hand. An early improvement was the development of a movable carriage, also water powered, to move the log steadily through the saw blade., State or provincial parks are parks or other protected areas managed at the sub-national level within those nations which use "state" or "province" as a political subdivision. State parks are typically established by a state to preserve a location on account of its natural beauty, historic interest, or recreational potential. There are state parks under the administration of the government of each U.S. state, and of some the Mexican states. The term is also used in the Australian state of Victoria. The Canadian equivalent term is provincial park. Similar systems of local government maintained parks exist in other countries, but the terminology varies., A coastal plain is flat, low-lying land adjacent to a seacoast. One of the world's largest coastal plains is located in eastern South America. The Gulf Coastal Plain of North America extends northwards from the Gulf of Mexico along the Lower Mississippi River to the Ohio River, which is a distance of about ., Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, and is subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice, and/or by the force of gravity acting on the particles. For example, sand and silt can be carried in suspension in river water and on reaching the sea be deposited by sedimentation and if buried this may eventually become sandstone and siltstone, (sedimentary rocks)., Landsford Canal State Park is a South Carolina state park located in Chester County, two miles (3.2km) from US 21. The park contains the ruins of the Landsford Canal built to bypass rapids on the Catawba River using slave labor between 1820 and 1825. The coming of the railroad caused the canal to be abandoned. The former lock-keeper's house contains an interpretive museum. In addition to the canal, visitors also can see one of the largest remaining stands of "Hymenocallis coronaria", the Shoals spider-lily, that grows in the shoals of the river, and bloom mid-May through mid-June. The park offers hiking, picnicking, boating, and fishing., South Carolina is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. The state is bordered to the north by North Carolina, to the south and west by Georgia across the Savannah River, and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean., The Landsford Canal was the farthest upstream of a series of canals built on the Catawba and Wateree Rivers to provide a direct water route between the upstate settlements and the towns on the fall line . It is located along the Catawba River in Chester County and Lancaster County west of Lancaster . It is named for an early settler , Thomas Land , who owned the land with a ford across the Catawba River . It is the centerpiece of the Landsford Canal State Park ., A fall line (or fall zone) is the geomorphologic break that demarcates the border between an upland region of relatively hard crystalline basement rock and a coastal plain of softer sedimentary rock. A fall line is typically prominent when crossed by a river, for there will often be rapids or waterfalls. Many times a fall line will recede upstream as the river cuts out the uphill dense material, often forming c-shaped waterfalls. Because of these features riverboats typically cannot travel any farther inland without portaging, unless locks are built there. On the other hand, the rapid change in elevation of the water, and the resulting energy release, makes the fall line a good location for water mills, grist mills, and sawmills. Because of the need for a river port leading to the ocean, and a ready supply of water power, settlements often develop where rivers cross a fall line., Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of that material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water. Sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause mineral and/or organic particles (detritus) to settle in place. The particles that form a sedimentary rock by accumulating are called sediment. Before being deposited, the sediment was formed by weathering and erosion from the source area, and then transported to the place of deposition by water, wind, ice, mass movement or glaciers, which are called agents of denudation. Sedimentation may also occur as minerals precipitate from water solution or shells of aquatic creatures settle out of suspension., Subject: landsford canal, Relation: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity, Options: (A) africa (B) atlantic ocean (C) banks (D) chester (E) earth (F) europe (G) georgia (H) mexico (I) mississippi (J) north (K) north america (L) north carolina (M) of (N) plain (O) river (P) south (Q) south carolina (R) spain (S) split (T) upland (U) victoria (V) west
A: | south carolina | fc-sni-wiki_hop | 0 | c4dfdef876f91b4ddc36355a6aa3d7c5812256af9bc48a049a17011cbf2357d5 |
instruction:
Here are two questions (Question1 and Question2). If these questions have the same meaning and same answer, answer "Yes", otherwise "No".
question:
Question1: I don't make any diet. Is bulletproof coffee worth?, Question2: Has bulletproof coffee worked for those who have drunk it?
answer:
Yes
question:
Question1: What do you do if your dog is vomiting yellow bile and not eating?, Question2: Why is my dog throwing up and not eating?
answer:
Yes
question:
Question1: How do I know that my spectacle lens bought from Lenskart is an original British optics lens?, Question2: Lenskart is selling British optics lenses. When I asked on the customer care, they said that there is no direct website. Who knows about this company?
answer: | No | fc-sni-qqp | 0 | 23dd9010383f2cfe9e31522c0031e38eb3fc5b9035f8a94439749b6df4129298 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot. You need to read the extract and create questions that can be answered from the extract. Once you create a question you also need to provide the correct answer for it. Write your answer like "Question: your question, Answer: your answer". The questions should be well-formed and grammatically correct. The questions should be completely answerable from the given passage and should not require any external knowledge. Subjective questions are not allowed. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred. Create questions that result in factoid answers. A simple rule of thumb to decide whether a question is a factoid or not is to see if two different people with average reading/comprehension skills would come up with the same answer after reading the passage.
See one example below:
Problem: Twenty-year-old Will Hunting of South Boston is a self-taught, genius-level intellect, though he works as a janitor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and spends his free time drinking with his friends, Chuckie (Ben Affleck), Billy (Cole Hauser) and Morgan (Casey Affleck). When Professor Gerald Lambeau (Stellan Skarsgard) posts a difficult mathematics problem as a challenge for his graduate students, Will solves the problem anonymously, stunning both the graduate students and Lambeau himself. As a challenge to the unknown genius, Lambeau posts an even more difficult problem. Lambeau chances upon Will solving the problem but Will flees the scene. That night at a bar, Will meets Skylar (Minnie Driver), a British student about to graduate from Harvard, who plans on attending medical school at Stanford and gives Will her phone number before leaving.
Solution: Question: How old is Will Hunting in the movie ?, Answer: Twenty years
Explanation: This is a good question which results in a factoid answer, and the answer is correct too.
Problem: Major Bennett "Ben" Marco (Denzel Washington) is a war veteran who begins to doubt what is commonly known about his famous U.S. Army unit. During the Gulf War, Sergeant First Class Raymond Shaw (Liev Schreiber) supposedly rescued all but two members in his unit, of which Marco was the commanding officer. Shaw became a war hero and was awarded the Medal of Honor, launching his political career.Years later in a dystopian United States, one of Marco's former NCOs, Corporal Al Melvin (Jeffrey Wright), contacts him and says that he suffers from confusing memories and "dreams" about their lost Army unit. He is clearly deranged, but he shows Marco some images he has drawn from his dreams.Shaw, now a U.S. Congressman, becomes his party's candidate for Vice President after his mother, Virginia U.S. Senator Eleanor Prentiss (Meryl Streep), pressures party leaders into passing over their intended pick, U.S. Senator Tom Jordan (Jon Voight). A rivalry exists between Eleanor and Jordan, partly due to a past relationship between Shaw and Jordan's daughter Jocelyne (Vera Farmiga). That evening, Marco has a nightmare in which he is being held captive and brainwashed along with his fellow soldiers.After Shaw is nominated, Marco begins investigating what really happened during the war. He finds an implant in his back and, soon thereafter, one in Shaw's after a confrontation at campaign headquarters. After having the one taken from Shaw analyzed, Marco realizes that it is a nanotechnological experiment connected with Manchurian Global, a powerful private equity firm with major political connections. Marco researches Manchurian and recognizes Dr. Atticus Noyle (Simon McBurney), a former Manchurian geneticist-turned-mercenary, from one of his nightmares. Marco brings his findings to the attention of Jordan, who, although he doesn't entirely believe the story, confronts the Shaws and suggests that Raymond bow out of the campaign. Instead, Eleanor "activates" Raymond and orders him to kill Jordan. Jocelyne is also killed when she tries to stop an entranced Raymond.Given the mounting evidence, the FBI begins to take Marco's allegations seriously. They arrange a meeting between Marco and Shaw to convince Shaw of his condition. However, Shaw receives a phone call from Eleanor and hands the phone to Marco. Eleanor uses trigger words to control Marco's mind, giving him commands to assassinate the President-Elect so that Shaw can become president. It happens, though, that with the trauma of Jocelyne's death, Shaw is gaining resistance to his own mind control.At the election party, Shaw directs the President-Elect away from the standing place where Marco, wielding a sniper rifle, was supposed to shoot him. Shaw looks up at the vent where Marco is, giving him a nod of clearance to kill him. Shaw proceeds to dance with Eleanor and shift to that area purposely, which causes Marco to shoot, killing both of them with one shot. Marco prepares to kill himself with a hand-gun, but the FBI discovers and stops him. The FBI decides to protect Marco's innocence by framing a deceased Manchurian Global contractor as the shooter. In the last scene, Rose takes Marco to the compound where he was conditioned, which by now the FBI has found. Marco proceeds to drop Shaw's Medal of Honor into the sea.
Solution: | Question: Who triggers Raymond and sends him to kill Jordan?, Answer: Elanor | fc-sni-duorc | 0 | 5c254b7fb42a9fdb81a5028ec93e7c0591d6f9ce52b3102bf77856e3a197d697 |
Given a prompt and four completions, select the completion that is the most plausible in continuing or answering the prompt. This task is designed to test common sense and has various categories ranging between idioms, negated statements, polysemy, subject referencing, and quantitative reasoning. Generate either Completion A, Completion B, Completion C, or Completion D.
Q: Prompt: The doctors needed to put the horse out before its surgery. Thus,
Completion A: they gave it a frisbee.
Completion B: they gave it horse.
Completion C: they gave it tranquilizer.
Completion D: they gave it horse doctor.
A: Completion C
****
Q: Prompt: The family eats dinner together in the dining room. They
Completion A: pass the dishes around the kitchen island.
Completion B: pass each dish to each other.
Completion C: put their dishes in the dishwasher before eating.
Completion D: want to say a prayer to express their dislike of the food.
A: Completion B
****
Q: Prompt: Because the paper includes many terms of art, it
Completion A: is the terms & conditions of the website.
Completion B: is a good canvas for painting.
Completion C: is an artistic masterpiece.
Completion D: is less accessible to laymen.
A: | Completion D
**** | fc-sni-codah | 0 | 1032a75f97f69e9e612b152c51b7ddd619e831b3b20922ebbe7d411bd0264e85 |
You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
Q: This is an excellent product for the non-gluten diet. They're good alone as a snack, or you can make a light meal with them by using these rice crackers as a base for spreads or little crispy sandwiches. Excellent substitute for crackers containing gluten. Only criticism - wish the price would come down.
A: | Positive | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | 8d65448a1b970b00147653b25eada6d56cbb33b1e3e9c4b42d6c5761d6156a9b |
In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
Q: Passage: The Fredonian Rebellion (December 21, 1826 January 23, 1827) was the first attempt by Anglo settlers in Texas to secede from Mexico. The settlers, led by Empresario Haden Edwards, declared independence from Mexican Texas and created the Republic of Fredonia near Nacogdoches. The short-lived republic encompassed the land the Mexican government had granted to Edwards in 1825 and included areas that had been previously settled. Edwards's actions soon alienated the established residents, and the increasing hostilities between them and settlers recruited by Edwards led Victor Blanco of the Mexican government to revoke Edwards's contract.
In late December 1826, a group of Edwards's supporters took control of the region by arresting and removing from office several municipality officials affiliated with the established residents. Supporters declared their independence from Mexico. Although the nearby Cherokee tribe initially signed a treaty to support the new republic because a prior agreement with the Mexican government negotiated by Chief Richard Fields was ignored, overtures from Mexican authorities and respected Empresario Stephen F. Austin convinced tribal leaders to repudiate the rebellion. On January 31, 1827, a force of over 100 Mexican soldiers and 275 militiamen from Austin's colony marched into Nacogdoches to restore order. Haden Edwards and his brother Benjamin Edwards fled to the United States. Chief Richard Fields was killed by his own tribe. A local merchant was arrested and sentenced to death but later paroled.
The rebellion led Mexican President Guadalupe Victoria to increase the military presence in the area. As a result, several hostile tribes in the area halted their raids on settlements and agreed to a peace treaty. The Comanche abided by this treaty for many years. Fearing that through the rebellion, the United States hoped to gain control of Texas, the Mexican government severely curtailed immigration to the region from the US. The new immigration law was bitterly opposed by colonists and caused increasing dissatisfaction with Mexican rule. Some historians consider the Fredonian Rebellion to be the beginning of the Texas Revolution. In the words of one historian, the rebellion was "premature, but it sparked the powder for later success.".
A: What is the full name of the person who soon alienated the established residents?
****
Q: Passage: As The Five's campaign against Rubinstein continued in the press, Tchaikovsky found himself almost as much a target as his former teacher. Cui reviewed the performance of Tchaikovsky's graduation cantata and lambasted the composer as "utterly feeble.... If he had any talent at all ... it would surely at some point in the piece have broken free of the chains imposed by the Conservatory." The review's effect on the sensitive composer was devastating. Eventually, an uneasy truce developed as Tchaikovsky became friendly with Balakirev and eventually with the other four composers of the group. A working relationship between Balakirev and Tchaikovsky resulted in Romeo and Juliet. The Five's approval of this work was further followed by their enthusiasm for Tchaikovsky's Second Symphony. Subtitled the Little Russian (Little Russia was the term at that time for what is now called the Ukraine) for its use of Ukrainian folk songs, the symphony in its initial version also used several compositional devices similar to those used by the Five in their work. Stasov suggested the subject of Shakespeare's The Tempest to Tchaikovsky, who wrote a tone poem based on this subject. After a lapse of several years, Balakirev reentered Tchaikovsky's creative life; the result was Tchaikovsky's Manfred Symphony, composed to a program after Lord Byron originally written by Stasov and supplied by Balakirev. Overall, however, Tchaikovsky continued down an independent creative path, traveling a middle course between those of his nationalistic peers and the traditionalists.
A: What was the name of the group that approved of the work of Romeo and Juliet?
****
Q: Passage: Will Graham is a former FBI criminal profiler who has retired because of a mental breakdown after being attacked by a cannibalistic serial killer, Dr. Hannibal Lecktor, whom he captured. Graham is approached at his Florida home by his former FBI superior Jack Crawford, who is seeking help with a new serial killer case. Promising his wife that he will do nothing more than examine evidence and not risk physical harm, Graham agrees to visit the most recent crime scene in Atlanta, where he tries to enter the mindset of the killer, now dubbed the "Tooth Fairy" by the police for the bite marks left on his victims.
Having found the killer's fingerprints, Graham meets with Crawford. They are accosted by tabloid journalist Freddy Lounds, with whom Graham has a bitter history; Lounds' paper had run photographs of Graham taken secretly while he was hospitalized. Graham pays a visit to Lecktor, a former psychiatrist, in his cell and asks for his insight into the killer's motivations. After a tense conversation, Lecktor agrees to look at the case file. Later, Lecktor manages to obtain Graham's home address by deceit while ostensibly making a phone call to his attorney.
Graham travels to the first crime scene in Birmingham, Alabama, where he is contacted by Crawford, who tells him of Lounds' tabloid story on the case. Crawford also patches Graham through to Frederick Chilton, Lecktor's warden, who has found a note in Lecktor's personal effects. Reading it, they realize it is from the Tooth Fairy, expressing admiration for Lecktorand an interest in Graham. Crawford brings Graham to the FBI Academy at Quantico, where a missing section of the note is analyzed to determine what Lecktor has removed. It is found to be an instruction to communicate through the personals section of the National Tattler, Lounds' newspaper.
A: | What is the last name of the person that the profiler asks for advice in the new serial killer case?
**** | fc-sni-quoref | 0 | a6b2075acffad18846cd63caa5677174abae13a288f0326e07fa9822a260f4c0 |
In this task you are given a story and a question regarding that story. You must judge whether the question is answerable based on the info given to you. Label the instances as "Answerable" or "Not Answerable" based on your judgment. the story and the question are separated by a new line character.
Example Input: Steve was so nervous he could barely breathe. It was the state championship game, and his team was done four points. There were only seven seconds left in the game. He knew he only had one shot. Steve hiked the ball and threw it deep for a game winning touchdown.
Why did He know he only had one shot?
Example Output: Answerable
Example Input: Jason wants to see a good movie. He reads the movie listings to see what is available. He chooses a superhero movie. Jason walks to the movie theater. Jason enjoys the movie that he picked out to see.
Why did Jason walk to the movie theater?
Example Output: Answerable
Example Input: Joe bought a new board game and took it to his friend's house. The both read the instructions for a long time. Joe asked his friend if he understood the rules. The friend shook his head. Joe explained the rules to the friend and he then understood.
Why did Joe buy a new board game?
Example Output: | Answerable | fc-sni-tellmewhy | 0 | fd123ab62bf52ab5c7018a4d7b170d8ca4ff7d17ba8a353ce20c6d927dc3c506 |
Instructions: Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Input: Context: The present study was designed to investigate underlying molecular mechanism for antitumorigenic potential of Terminalia chebula (TC) against chemically-induced skin tumorigenesis in Swiss albino mice. It is used as herbal medicine because it exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic activity. However, the precised underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated.', 'In light of the important role of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-B), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress in carcinogenesis, chemopreventive efficacy of TC against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA), and croton oil-induced 2-stage skin carcinogenesis was studied in terms of cytoprotective antioxidant enzymes activity, lipid peroxidation (LPO), inflammatory responses, and expression of various molecular markers in skin tissues.', 'We found that topical application of TC at dose of 30 mg/kg b. wt. mouse effectively suppressed oxidative stress and deregulated activation of inflammatory mediators and tumorigenesis. Histological findings further supported the protective effects of TC against DMBA/croton oil-induced cutaneous damage.
Answer: The findings of the present study suggest that the chemopreventive effect of TC is associated with upregulation of endogenous cytoprotective machinery and downregulation of inflammatory mediators (interleukin (IL)-6, COX-2, i-NOS, ODC, and NF-B).
Output: | Does terminalia Chebula attenuate DMBA/Croton Oil-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Swiss albino Mouse Skin? | fc-sni-pubmed_qa | 0 | df32e7435507f5807d6ea4c21cc2ffa1e7c22b99d3621c8d09afc8d46a5606f5 |
Instructions: Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Input: In the letter, sent in October 1804, Nelson tells the 2nd Earl of Camden why Camden's nephew left his ship only a few months after joining the navy. The document, in which Nelson writes of his own battle with seasickness, was sent to Lord Camden's home at Bayham Abbey estate, near Frant, East Sussex. It has gone on display at Tunbridge Wells Museum. In the letter, which was found recently in the Camden family archives, Nelson also discusses the military and political situation with Lord Camden, who was secretary of state for war and the colonies at the time. 'Fascinating insight' Writing about the aristocrat's nephew, Nelson tells Lord Camden that 16-year-old Francis James left HMS Victory because he was not suited to naval life and suffered from seasickness - a condition he could sympathise with. He wrote: "I am ill every time it blows hard and nothing but my enthusiastic love for the profession keeps me one hour at sea." A spokeswoman for Tunbridge Wells Museum said the letter was "hugely important because of its historical context". She added: "The letter was written in October 1804 from HMS Victory in the Mediterranean where Nelson was permanently stationed to counter French influence. "This was just a year before his great victory - and death - at the Battle of Trafalgar. "The letter links Admiral Horatio Nelson with the local noble Camden family who lived on the Bayham Abbey estate. "It also gives a fascinating insight into the character of this great naval hero." The letter will be shown at the museum from about a month from Monday. In November a letter from Nelson to his lover Lady Emma Hamilton was sold at auction for 20,000.
Output: | Lord Nelson seasickness letter goes on display | fc-sni-xlsum | 0 | 17ab75dc76d91bd1a4edd34b7e675748aaf805e1cfca753c8d660a37ea3b9f86 |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a context paragraph of the tweet and question. Your task is to generate right answer of given question based on given context tweet paragraph.
PROBLEM: Context: Working all the angles. Took this #selfie while investigating an area with hydrated minerals c Curiosity Rover (@MarsCuriosity) August 19, 2015 Question: what can the curiosity rover take?
SOLUTION: selfies
PROBLEM: Context: Trump thrives on division and chaos. He wants to pit us against each other because he thinks his side can win (w/voter suppression, etc.) John Legend (@johnlegend) September 23, 2017 Question: who thrives on division and chaos?
SOLUTION: trump
PROBLEM: Context: Shoutout to @rihanna for finally showing the makeup industry what inclusive means 🙌🏻🙌🏼🙌🏽🙌🏾🙌🏿 #FentyBeauty #Rihanna Ellie Lamkin (@ekl817) September 8, 2017 Question: who is being praised?
SOLUTION: | rihanna | fc-sni-tweetqa | 0 | 0d8566b1c5791bf475430e27eb4628ffcb6b8e0ec2fa736b293755e3259a4f44 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you're given a story (which contains five sentences only). Your task is to find all the characters which are available in the given story.
Sentence1: The elementary school was taking Peter's class to the aquarium. Sentence2: At half past eight they loaded onto the bus and started their trip. Sentence3: When they arrived at the aquarium, Peter was amazed. Sentence4: The museum even had a walk-through tunnel surrounded by water! Sentence5: Peter can't wait to go back again. | Peter's class, Peter, The elementary school | fc-sni-storycommonsense | 0 | 172bb8030a2e8a6ac341b3121f5fff58b27f26ca42caae33569768131072882a |
instruction:
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
question:
what city possesses over 80 parks and garden?, Context: Miami's tropical weather allows for year-round outdoors activities. The city has numerous marinas, rivers, bays, canals, and the Atlantic Ocean, which make boating, sailing, and fishing popular outdoors activities. Biscayne Bay has numerous coral reefs which make snorkeling and scuba diving popular. There are over 80 parks and gardens in the city. The largest and most popular parks are Bayfront Park and Bicentennial Park (located in the heart of Downtown and the location of the American Airlines Arena and Bayside Marketplace), Tropical Park, Peacock Park, Morningside Park, Virginia Key, and Watson Island.
answer:
Miami
question:
Paul VI did what involving all people of good will in his dialogues with the Church?, Context: Ecclesiam suam was given at St. Peter's, Rome, on the Feast of the Transfiguration, 6 August 1964, the second year of his Pontificate. It is considered an important document, identifying the Catholic Church with the Body of Christ. A later Council document Lumen Gentium stated that the Church subsists in the Body of Christ, raising questions as to the difference between "is" and "subsists in". Paul VI appealed to "all people of good will" and discussed necessary dialogues within the Church and between the Churches and with atheism.
answer:
appealed
question:
Which of the following is not a computer vendor: Dell, Apple, or ThinkPad?, Context: In the shrinking PC industry, Dell continued to lose market share, as it dropped below Lenovo in 2011 to fall to number three in the world. Dell and fellow American contemporary Hewlett Packard came under pressure from Asian PC manufacturers Lenovo, Asus, and Acer, all of which had lower production costs and willing to accept lower profit margins. In addition, while the Asian PC vendors had been improving their quality and design, for instance Lenovo's ThinkPad series was winning corporate customers away from Dell's laptops, Dell's customer service and reputation had been slipping. Dell remained the second-most profitable PC vendor, as it took 13 percent of operating profits in the PC industry during Q4 2012, behind Apple Inc.'s Macintosh that took 45 percent, seven percent at Hewlett Packard, six percent at Lenovo and Asus, and one percent for Acer.
answer: | ThinkPad | fc-sni-adversarial_qa | 0 | 30cb6db1ba3f9f7219c4b953c74d5bc59338de95f6891a48ef65e5fc050458d4 |
Teacher:In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Purpose: The recent Ebola epidemic that devastated West Africa has infected and killed more health care providers than any other outbreak in the history of this virus. An improved understanding of pathogen transmission and the institution of strategies to protect health care providers against infection are needed in infectious disease outbreaks. This review connects what is known about Ebola virus transmission with personal protective equipment (PPE) designed to arrest nosocomial transmission. Methods: Articles pertaining to filovirus transmission and PPE in filovirus outbreaks were reviewed and findings are presented. In addition, studies that evaluated PPE and donning and doffing strategies are presented. Findings: PPE is one step in a comprehensive infection prevention and control strategy that is required to protect health care providers. Given that the Ebola virus is primarily transmitted through direct contact of mucous membranes and cuts in the skin with infected patients and/or their bodily fluids, it is necessary to cover these potential portals of infection with PPE as part of a structured and instructed donning and doffing procedure. Implications: Current recommendations about PPE and the donning and doffing processes are based on anecdotal experience. However, the use of non-human viruses can help provide evidence-based guidelines on both PPE and donning and doffing processes.
Student: | Personal Protective Equipment: Protecting Health Care Providers in an Ebola Outbreak | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 631570c7a2c49c8d7695a5f017f00a76363fee19d93beac4a79583c6a41d83df |
Write a correct answer for the question. You should reason about prototypical situations and provide the correct answer. Avoid answers that provide incomplete justification for the question.
Q: what food do you want to avoid before kissing someone?
A: garlic bread
****
Q: name an occupation well-known athletes turn to when their playing days are over.
A: sports announcer
****
Q: name something that smells really bad when on fire
A: | hair
**** | fc-sni-proto_qa | 0 | c1fc7af77ea1bad30669e2a4a4613422d264684edb6c98342f3557fe8d4aa1c4 |
instruction:
Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
Context: Sepsis is an emergency condition with high mortality and morbidity rate. There are limited data on the association of cancer as a risk factor for mortality in sepsis patients in the emergency department (ED).', 'This retrospective study was conducted at the ED, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. The study period was between January 1st and December 31st, 2014. The inclusion criteria were as follows: adult patients over 15 years of age who presented at the ED with suspicion of sepsis, received treatment at the ED, and whose blood culture was found to be positive. Clinical data were recorded from medical records including the Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis score (MEDS score). The primary outcome of this study was mortality at one month. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with death.', 'During the study period, there were 775 eligible patients. The two most common pathogens identified from blood cultures were Staphylococcus aureus (193 patients; 24.9%) and Escherichia coli (158 patients; 20.4%). At one month after presenting at the ED, 110 patients (14.2%) had died. There were four significant factors for death, having cancer, being on an endotracheal tube, initial diagnosis of bacteremia, and high MED scores. Having cancer had an adjusted OR of 2.12 (95% CI of 1.29, 3.47).
Answer: Cancer patients have double the risk of mortality if presenting with sepsis at the ED.
answer:
Do cancer Patients Are at High Risk of Mortality if Presenting with Sepsis at an Emergency Department?
question:
Context: Chlorophyll b is a major photosynthetic pigment in green plants that is synthesized by chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO). The regulation of chlorophyll b biosynthesis is an important determinant for the antenna size of photosystems. Chlorophyll b synthesis is partly regulated on a transcriptional level by the expression of the CAO gene. In addition, the synthesis of chlorophyll b is strictly regulated on a protein level by the stability of the CAO enzyme. CAO consists of three domains, which are sequentially named from the N terminus as the A, B and C domains. The A domain of CAO participates in the regulation of the CAO protein stability.', 'In order to clarify the physiological function of the A domain, we constructed transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants which either overexpressed the complete CAO or a truncated version of CAO lacking the A domain. The transgenic plants overexpressing the A-domain-deleted CAO accumulated an excess amount of chlorophyll b during greening. The transgenic plants which lacked the A domain either died or were obviously retarded when they were exposed to continuous light immediately after etiolation. In addition, the loss of the A domain in CAO impaired another step of chlorophyll biosynthesis, namely the conversion of divinyl-protochlorophyllide a to monovinyl protochlorophyllide a under dark conditions.
Answer: The A domain of CAO regulates the level of CAO, and thus prevents the excess accumulation of chlorophyll b. This function of the A domain is especially important during the greening stage of etiolated seedlings. At this stage, the plants are vulnerable to photodamages which could be caused by excessive chlorophyll b accumulation. In addition, de-regulation of the CAO level affects monovinyl-protochlorophyllide biosynthesis in darkness by unknown mechanisms. In conclusion, the A domain of CAO is essential in the control of chlorophyll biosynthesis and in the survival of seedlings during de-etiolation especially under strong illumination.
answer:
Does loss of the N-terminal domain of chlorophyllide a oxygenase induce photodamage during greening of Arabidopsis seedlings?
question:
Context: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in children with biliary dyskinesia.', 'Reports of children with an abnormal cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated HIDA scan between January 2001 and July 2006 who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were reviewed. Postoperatively, a 23-item Likert scale, symptom questionnaire was administered to parents.', "Sixty-four children with chronic abdominal pain and no gallstones on ultrasound had an abnormal CCK-HIDA scan. Twenty-three children (median age, 14 years; 16 girls), with mean (SD) ejection fraction of 17% (8), underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and were further analyzed. Preoperatively, these children had right upper quadrant/epigastric pain (78%), nausea (52%), vomiting (43%), and generalized abdominal pain (22%) lasting for a median of 3 months (range, 1 month to 2.5 years). Median postoperative follow-up was 2.7 years. Sixteen (70%) parents completed the questionnaire. Of those who responded, 63% indicated that their children had no abdominal pain, 87% had no vomiting, and 69% had no nausea in the month preceding the questionnaire. Overall, 67% of parents indicated that their children's symptoms were completely relieved after cholecystectomy, whereas 7% indicated that the symptoms were not relieved.
Answer: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is effective in providing both short-term and long-term improvement of symptoms in children with biliary dyskinesia.
answer: | Does laparoscopic cholecystectomy for biliary dyskinesia in children provide durable symptom relief? | fc-sni-pubmed_qa | 0 | 4a712a869c8e359d5c594bb7ee7b230fe1318f564a1629be458c6fd51b041719 |
Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Note: For security reasons, the main image and video tour of Camp Bastion are graphical representations of the base and not accurate plans 1. Camp Bastion 2. Camp Leatherneck 3. Camp Shorabak 4. Helicopter base 5. Security 6. Runways 1 2 3 4 5 6 Take a tour Camp Bastion Established in 2006, Camp Bastion now covers an area the size of the UK town of Reading and the base is home to up to 30,000 international servicemen and women. As well as providing accommodation, it acts as a logistical support centre and has a substantial field hospital. Other facilities include huge air-conditioned gyms, shops, a dry bar called Heroes and even a Pizza Hut. Camp Leatherneck Adjoining the British-run core of Camp Bastion is the US compound, Camp Leatherneck, home to thousands of US Marines. The camp has grown in size since it was established in 2008 and has its own dining facilities and gyms. Camp Shorabak Afghan security forces also have their own compound - Camp Shorabak. Here troops and police have air-conditioned quarters, dining facilities and the use of a mosque. Shorabak is where international military personnel have been mentoring Afghan troops in preparation for the handover in 2014. Helicopter base Helicopters take off and land from an area close to Bastion's main runways, ready to take part in air transport and combat missions. British aircraft include Apaches, Merlins and Chinooks, while the US fleet includes Apaches, Ospreys and Black Hawks. Prince Harry, currently based at Camp Bastion, qualified as an Apache helicopter pilot in February and will be flying missions from the base. Security A Taliban attack on Camp Bastion in September showed the base remains a target for insurgents. Two US Marines were killed and a number of aircraft and hangars were damaged. The base is situated in the middle of the desert, providing its manned watchtowers with excellent visibility. It is ringed by a 30ft (9m) fence, coils of wire and blast walls. Cameras, motion sensors and radar monitor movement on the ground and in the air. Click play to see the damage to the hangars at the base. Runways New Harrier jets belonging to the US Marine Corps have arrived at Camp Bastion's airfield to replace those destroyed in the September Taliban attack. The base has one of the world's busiest airports, with its two runways handling about 600 aircraft a day. Click play to see the new Harriers arrive. Camp Bastion from the air How big is the base? If you are in the UK then use our tool to get a rough idea of the size of Camp Bastion. Enter your postcode to see the base laid over your neighbourhood eg W12 7RJ. It only works with UK postcodes. If Camp Bastion was overlaid on Reading it would cover this area Note: Outline represents the approximate area of Camp Bastion and does not reflect its precise dimensions Source: UK Ministry of Defence, Afghan Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation, news agencies, BBC correspondents | Inside Camp Bastion | fc-sni-xlsum | 0 | 1d1c64489f1993bdb5dccfba61392e1a13ff4288beb8351b81fbb96ec64ccb1d |
Given a paragraph about cooking, and a set of conversational question answers about the paragraph, generate a relevant question to the topic of the paragraph. The paragraph has the prefix 'CONTEXT:'. Each conversation question has a prefix 'Q:' followed by the answer prefix 'A:'.
Q: CONTEXT: Increasing the amount of yogurt and/or banana mash should work best, the former having a more noticeable difference. You might have to experiment to get the amount right, but I'd suggest starting with an additional 1/4 cup of yogurt or banana mash. You could try more date puree as well but that might make the muffins too thick. <sep> Q: I'm trying to add moisture to gluten free muffins, should I use Date puree or Banannas? A: Increasing the amount of yogurt and/or banana mash should work best, the former having a more noticeable difference Q: What about melted butter or Potato starch, would either of those work? A: You might have to experiment to get the amount right, but I'd suggest starting with an additional 1/4 cup of yogurt or banana mash
A: | I also have Buckwheat flour, I heard that could improve moisture what do you think? | fc-sni-doqa | 0 | ee51a6c1ce682f42f867a0afc893da390774f952c863ed1327a76b811472871d |
Definition: Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Input: Context: The main pathology of haemodialysis graft stenosis is venous neointimal hyperplasia at graft-venous anastomoses. Neointimal hyperplasia is also observed in cases of coronary artery in-stent restenosis. Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat cancer, and has been proven to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia of coronary artery in-stent restenosis. In this study, we examined whether a paclitaxel-coated haemodialysis graft could inhibit neointimal hyperplasia and prevent stenosis.', 'We dip-coated paclitaxel on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts at a dose density of 0.59 microg/mm(2). In vitro release tests showed an initial paclitaxel burst followed by a long-term slow release. Using ePTFE grafts with (coated group, n = 8) or without a paclitaxel coating (control group, n = 11), we constructed arteriovenous (AV) grafts connecting the common carotid artery and the external jugular vein in Landrace pigs.', 'After excluding seven pigs for technical failure, cross-sections of graft-venous anastomoses obtained 6 weeks after placing the AV grafts were analysed. Percentage luminal stenosis, ratios of intima to media in whole cross-sections, areas of intima in the peri-junctional areas (within 2 mm above and 2 mm below the graft-venous junction), and the mean thickness of intima within venous sides of cross-sections, were 60.5% (range, 41.5-60.7), 13.0 (range, 8.6-20.4), 23.7 mm(2) (range, 10.8-32.1) and 2.1 mm (range, 1.1-3.0), respectively, in the control group, whereas corresponding median values in the coated group were 10.4% (range, 1.0-17.8), 1.0 (range, 0.7-5.1), 1.6 mm(2) (range, 0.2-8.0) and 0.3 mm (range, 0.1-2.2). All parameters were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05 by Mann-Whitney test).
Answer: Paclitaxel-coated ePTFE grafts could prevent neointimal hyperplasia and the stenosis of AV haemodialysis grafts.
Output: | Do paclitaxel-coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene haemodialysis grafts inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in porcine model of graft stenosis? | fc-sni-pubmed_qa | 0 | be80b4ee0d7f962df475b11b1037ed1245fa12f6317c244edc1246c80a707767 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you must classify if a given review is positive/negative, indicating your answer as P or N.
Q: there is nothing like american history x in theaters or on video .
no other feature film takes such a cold hard look at the lure , the culture , and the brotherhood of white supremacy .
nice guy ed norton jr .
( who sang in everyone says i love you )
plays derek , a twenty - year old skinhead .
dad 's subtle racism grew large in derek , after gang members killed his father .
dad was fighting a fire when they shot him .
now derek keeps his head shaved and has a giant swastika tattooed over his heart .
derek is more interested in the ideas of white supremacy than in its culture of violence .
at a basketball court , black and white tempers flare .
derek channels the aggression into a game , black versus white , for ownership of the courts .
when the choice presents itself , derek goes for game point instead of the sucker - punch .
cameron ( stacy keach ) steps in to derek 's life as a surrogate father .
he takes derek under his wing and nurtures his racist feelings .
keeping his own criminal record spotless , he uses derek as a leader and organizer for high - visibility racial intimidation .
derek obliges by leading his younger and dumber friends in race - motivated mob crimes .
at the bottom of the chain , derek 's younger brother danny ( edward furlong , made famous in terminator 2 ) joins the skinheads not for ideological or intellectual reasons , but because he admires his brother and he wants to belong .
one night three black youths break into derek 's truck , which is exactly what derek has been waiting for .
outside in his shorts and his tattoo , he shoots them all .
the third would - be thief , unarmed , is only wounded .
in the key scene of the film , derek commands the kid into a position where he can be killed with one glorious , enraptured , awful stomp .
( the fun - spoiling nc-17 of orgazmo seems even more inappropriate , considering american history x was rated r .
what sort of country is this that says sex comedies are a bigger threat to our youth than brutal , ecstatic violence ? )
the police arrive just as derek kills the last thief .
derek does not resist the cops , and as they spin him around to cuff him , the film slows down .
derek raises his eyebrows and smiles at his little brother in a chilling , sadistic , satisfied grin .
now in prison , derek faces new challenges .
as the black man in the laundry tells him , " in the joint , you the nigra , not me .
"
there is a clique of swastika - wearing skinheads , but they are not interested in the ideology of white supremacy .
they only use the symbols as a means of intimidation .
derek finds himself truly alone , truly in danger , and truly afraid .
when derek finally gets out of prison , he finds that his friends from the gang have also changed .
without derek 's leadership , they have shunned the white supremacist ideology for the white supremacist culture .
it is the final factor that makes him realize how badly he 's screwed up .
in the end , he spends quality time with is brother trying to undo the respect and admiration he had earlier inspired in danny .
the film ends a little too deliberately , too neatly after the unchained emotion and violent glee of the rest of the film , but it barely detracts from the overall experience .
edward norton gives an oscar - worthy performance .
although some of his dialogue seemed to be written without enough conviction , norton 's performance compensated .
( an example that comes to mind is his pep talk before looting the store . )
he also captured the essence of an older brother .
he took his responsibility as a role model to his younger brother very seriously , very lovingly , both before and after his change of heart .
though clearly not for all tastes , this film is bold and daring .
the subject matter is ugly , cruel , and at times hard to look at .
nevertheless its subjects are part of humanity 's great face .
kaye gives us a good look at this fascinating , if distasteful , american subculture .
A: | P | fc-sni-movie_rationales | 0 | df248d481da71ce526610552d391a489c9b436acd60efd696cdaf4d3a873b890 |
Categorize the following sentence into one of the five different emotions: anger, confusion, joy, sadness and neutral.
Input: Consider Input: Ooh, that's interesting info actually (*heads to capfriendly to check how many years until [NAME] is a UFA*)
Output: joy
Input: Consider Input: I'd gladly
Output: joy
Input: Consider Input: It's not like the picture looks bad. Wait, no, I take that back immediately. I can't unsee it now too. | Output: sadness | fc-sni-go_emotions | 0 | 372fee20aa10e542dbbe87e52efe37902bd10b4eac8bc5d8f78f43814ca1d55e |
In this task, five ordered key facts are given. All the given facts are expressed in natural language. Your job is to generate a story 100 to 1000 words long, that includes all the facts given as input in their order of appearance while expanding upon them to produce a broader, yet coherent, narrative.
[EX Q]: Fact1: India is worried about north eastern residents, Fact2: north eastern residents under developed generally, Fact3: government appoints Vijay to construct bridge over river next to tribal village of Ding in north eastern part of India, Fact4: Ding is ruled by cruel and autocratic Deng Do Rani and Haku beautiful girl, Fact5: Deng Do Rani sends others to kill band to protect them
[EX A]: India is worried about its north eastern residents who are cut off from the mainland and are generally backward, illiterate and under developed. The government appoints special officercumcivil engineer Vijay Dev Anand to construct a bridge over a river next to the tribal village of Ding in the north eastern part of India. Ding is ruled by the cruel and autocratic Deng Do Rani Pran and his henchmen Haku Jankidas, Teju Sujit Kumar and trusted fighter Soo Reni Sharmila Tagore, a beautiful girl. Deng Do Rani wants to sabotage the construction and sends Soo Reni and other warriors to demolish the bridge. They are captured by Vijays officers and treated with respect and equality. Deng Do Rani sends others to kill the band captured, and the Indian Officers under the leadership of Vijay fight bravely to protect them. Soo Reni and her companions have a change of heart and pledge to support Vijay in his mission. Vijay and Soo Reni also fall in love with each other.
[EX Q]: Fact1: pilot has been replaced Unbeknownst to passengers, Fact2: group is rescued by Chang and men, Fact3: most of newcomers grow Initially anxious to return to civilization to love Shangri-La including paleontologist Alexander Lovett swindler Henry Barnard and bitter terminally-ill Gloria Stone, Fact4: Conway 's younger brother and Maria are determined to leave, Fact5: founder of Shangri-La is said to be old preserved like other residents
[EX A]: It is 1935. Before returning to England to become the new Foreign Secretary, writer, soldier, and diplomat Robert Conway Ronald Colman has one last task in China: to rescue 90 white Westerners in the city of Baskul. He flies out with the last few evacuees, just ahead of armed revolutionaries. Unbeknownst to the passengers, the pilot has been replaced and their aircraft hijacked. It eventually runs out of fuel and crashes deep in the Himalayan Mountains, killing their abductor. The group is rescued by Chang H.B. Warner and his men and taken to ShangriLa, an idyllic valley sheltered from the bitter cold. The contented inhabitants are led by the mysterious High Lama Sam Jaffe. Initially anxious to return to civilization, most of the newcomers grow to love ShangriLa, including paleontologist Alexander Lovett Edward Everett Horton, swindler Henry Barnard Thomas Mitchell, and bitter, terminallyill Gloria Stone Isabel Jewell, who miraculously seems to be recovering. Conway is particularly enchanted, especially when he meets Sondra Jane Wyatt, who has grown up in ShangriLa. However, Conways younger brother George John Howard, and Maria Margo, another beautiful young woman they find there, are determined to leave. Conway eventually has an audience with the High Lama and learns that his arrival was no accident. The founder of ShangriLa is said to be two hundred years old, preserved, like the other residents, by the magical properties of the paradise he has created, but is finally dying and needs someone wise and knowledgeable in the ways of the modern world to keep it safe. Having read Conways writings, Sondra believed he was the one; the Lama had agreed with her and arranged for Conways abduction. The old man names Conway as his successor and then peacefully passes away. George refuses to believe the Lamas fantastic story and is supported by Maria. Uncertain and torn between love and loyalty, Conway reluctantly gives in to his brother and they leave, taking Maria with them, despite being warned that she is much older than she appears. After several days of grueling travel, she becomes exhausted and falls face down in the snow. When they turn Maria over, they discover that she had become extremely old and died, as her departure from ShangriLa had restored her to her true age. Horrified, George loses his sanity and jumps to his death. The Sherpa porters accompanying them were earlier swept away by an avalanche, triggered by some of them carelessly firing their handguns. Conway continues on and eventually ends up in a Chinese mission where a search party is sent to find him. The ordeal has caused him to lose his memory of ShangriLa. On the voyage back to England, he start remembering everything; he tells his story and then jumps ship. The searchers track him back to the Himalayas, but are unable to follow him any further. Conway manages to return to ShangriLa.
[EX Q]: Fact1: Moon has been perceived as misfit, Fact2: crush on boy named Hyland works in store owned by father across street from house, Fact3: Hyland has serious problem with body contact with other people Unknown to Moon, Fact4: Leading misfits is woman named, Fact5: Auntie wants Moon and Hyland to join band of misfits because of Moon 's abilities and Hyland 's ability to dodge from other people 's attacks
[EX A]: | Moon is a young misfit who has the ability to talk to bugs. Moon has always been perceived as a misfit because she spoke baby talk too long. She has a crush on a boy named Hyland who works in a store owned by his father, across the street from her house. Unknown to Moon, Hyland has a serious problem with body contact with other people. Moon also meets Coochie, an endearing ladybug who speaks to her and becomes part of her daily life, advising her. Moon meets some children who also have abilities, including telekinetic twins, a high jumping teen, a fortune teller, and a boy with xray vision that is a semipervert. Leading these misfits is a woman named Auntie who looks early to mid 20s but her actual age is 70. Auntie wants both Moon and Hyland to join her band of misfits because of Moons abilities and Hylands ability to dodge from other peoples attacks, i.e. superspeed. | fc-sni-facts2story | 0 | d9c5a869174b45fc6e9004b54ab901ca3b2cddccfce80c7bf018f1a122940011 |
Definition: In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
Input: Text: this actually happened a couple of years ago, but i just read a different tifu story that reminded me of mine. so, with no further ado...
i used to sell drugs. molly, more specifically. i also dabbled in selling rolls (ecstasy), but not as much as molly. she was good to me. made me a lot of money. it also made me have a lot of fun and very popular among nightlife scenes. i like to think i was smart, so i frequently tested my drugs for their authenticity. i care about my friends and don't want to sell them bunk shit, of course.
so one day, i pick up a new batch of powder for the upcoming weekend. it looked really good, but looks can be deceiving when it comes to drugs. i inspected it well and left, being satisfied. i decided to try a little of the powder when i got back to my house. capped out a half of a gram and swallowed it with some water.
about 20 minutes later, i'm rolling. pretty hard. then after an hour i started getting twitchy and feel super anxious. three hours in, i decide whatever i picked up is not what i thought. that's when i went out and bought a test kit. the sample came out as methamphetamine. i was fucking pissed. i dumped the powder down the toilet. cost me $1,000. i got out of the drug game shortly after due to the threat of getting caught.
Output: | TIFU by accidentally taking Meth. | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | eb58b1376c74f447cf1b9aea1438625b9617cee03590fb2e32595bed35672023 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a question. You have to answer the question based on your information.
Problem:Fort Pickering is a 17th-century historic fort site on Winter Island in Salem, Massachusetts, it served as a fortification from which series of conflicts fought, on one side, by the Dutch States (the Dutch Republic, later the Batavian Republic) and, on the other side, first by England (the Commonwealth of England and then the Kingdom of England), and later by the Kingdom of Great Britain/the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?
Solution: | Anglo-Dutch wars | fc-sni-hotpotqa | 0 | 8b4a672f61e944f447cfa543e23a9529c21a14313e7fcfd3aaf3347cf5f2384f |
instruction:
Given a question and a context passage, generate the answer having the word or phrase from the context passage. Here, the answer should be a shortest continous span from the passage.
question:
Context: It is unanimously accepted that there is an unmet need for pain medications that are both effective and safe. Unfortunately, no really novel analgesics have been approved over the past three decades. In view of both experimental and clinical evidence of a major role for nerve growth factor (NGF) in the generation and maintenance of a wide range of pain states, drug discovery efforts focusing on the development of anti-NGF agents have aroused particular interest. Several humanized anti-NGF monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have entered clinical trials as potential analgesics. In this respect, tanezumab is at an advanced stage of clinical development while fulranumab, fasinumab and ABT-110, previously known as PG110, are in early phases of clinical development. This Current Opinion article aims at describing the rationale for targeting NGF for pain, reviewing the analgesic efficacy and safety of anti-NGF agents based on data from fully published studies, conference abstracts, and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) website, and discussing the possible future of these agents in managing chronic pain. Anti-NGF mAbs produced significant pain relief and functional improvement in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and/or hip. Conversely, studies in non-specific lower back pain generated mixed results; overall, this condition appeared to be less responsive to anti-NGF agents than osteoarthritis. Finally, there was no conclusive evidence of the effectiveness of anti-NGF mAbs in some types of chronic visceral or neuropathic pain. Furthermore, these studies raised safety concerns about anti-NGF mAbs. As a class, these drugs may cause or worsen peripheral neuropathies. But the most problematic issue-which prompted the FDA to place studies of these compounds on clinical hold in 2010-was rapid joint destruction leading to joint replacement surgery. The aetiologies of these side effects have been much debated and their pathophysiology is poorly understood. After an Arthritis Advisory Committee meeting held in March 2012, pharmaceutical companies negotiated with the FDA on the conditions for restarting clinical studies. Although the FDA lifted its clinical hold, there remain many unresolved issues about the long-term efficacy and safety of anti-NGF mAbs. While acknowledging that the future of these drugs is unforeseeable, it appears that they may not be the safe and effective painkillers that have been awaited for decades.
Question: What is the target of tanezumab?
answer:
ngf
question:
Context: 4-Day Classic Beijing Tour The 4-day classic Beijing tour is designed for tourists who come to visit China for the first time. It covers the most popular and typical places in Beijing, fully displaying the scenery, culture, history, local lifestyles and features, food and drinks, business, etc. for you. Day 1:Arrival in Beijing Your guide meets you at Capital Airport, and helps you check in at your hotel. Enjoy Beijing Duck as welcome dinner. Accommodation: Beijing downtown Day 2:The Great Wall & the Summer Palace Start your day at the most famous part of the Great Wall, the Badaling Great Wall. Leave the downtown for the Great Wall at 8 am. Since it is a long drive to the Great Wall (about 2 hours' riding) have a break at the Jade Museum on the way. Lunch will be enjoyed in a local restaurant. In the early afternoon come back to the city and have a sightseeing tour of the Summer Palace. Recommended Activity: Beijing Opera Show (Liyuan Theatre, 19:30-21: 10 every evening) Accommodation: Beijing downtown Day 3:Beijing city sightseeing & Local experience Your guide meets you at the hotel at 8 am and set out for the day's touring: Tian'anmen Square and the Forbidden City. After visiting the two sites, have a break and get ready for lunch. Hutong visit: see some traditional arts of the old Beijing, such as paper cutting and kite making, and visit a local family. Accommodation: Beijing downtown Day 4:Beijing Olympic sites Visit the Olympic sites: Bird's Nest, Water Cube and Olympic Park, witnessing the fast developing modern China. Enjoy some free time after visiting the sites. After lunch, it is shopping time and then the tour is over.
Question: What does this tour company think can show Beijing is a fast developing modern city?
answer:
bird's nest, water cube and olympic park.
question:
Context: The First Rutte cabinet, also called the Rutte-Verhagen cabinet was the executive branch of the Dutch government from 14 October 2010 until 5 November 2012.
Question: On what date did First Rutte cabinet end?
answer: | 2012 | fc-sni-mrqa | 0 | 00593e1df8e00df2812a944a48a2ee9cc9fd5c73f3adc25a11bed386d3f47826 |
In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot. You need to read the extract and create questions that can be answered from the extract. Once you create a question you also need to provide the correct answer for it. Write your answer like "Question: your question, Answer: your answer". The questions should be well-formed and grammatically correct. The questions should be completely answerable from the given passage and should not require any external knowledge. Subjective questions are not allowed. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred. Create questions that result in factoid answers. A simple rule of thumb to decide whether a question is a factoid or not is to see if two different people with average reading/comprehension skills would come up with the same answer after reading the passage.
Input: Consider Input: Furious over the loss at the All-Valley Karate Tournament, John Kreese attacks Johnny in the parking lot. Miyagi confronts Kreese and passively immobilizes him. Miyagi threatens to strike a deadly blow but instead comically tweaks Kreese's nose and walks away.Six months later, Miyagi receives a letter notifying him that his father is dying. He plans to return to his home village in Okinawa, and Daniel accompanies him. Miyagi tells Daniel about why he left Okinawa many years ago. He fell in love with a woman named Yukie, who was arranged to marry his best friend Sato, son of the richest man in the village and fellow karate student of his father. Upon announcing his intentions to marry Yukie, Sato challenged him to a fight to the death. Rather than fight, however, Miyagi left the country.In Okinawa, Miyagi and Daniel are greeted by Chozen Toguchi, who drives Miyagi and Daniel to one of Sato's warehouses, where he reveals he's Sato's nephew. Sato appears and demands to fight Miyagi, who adamantly refuses. Arriving at the village, Miyagi and Daniel are welcomed by Yukie and her niece Kumiko. They discover that Sato has become a rich industrialist whose supertrawlers have destroyed the local fish population impoverishing the other villagers. They are forced to rent property from Sato, who owns the village's land title. Yukie reveals that she never married Sato, because of her love for Miyagi. After Miyagi's father dies, Sato gives him three days to mourn out of respect before their fight. Miyagi shows Daniel the secret to his family's karate a handheld drum that twists back and forth illustrating the "drum technique", a block-and-defense karate move that Daniel begins to practice.Daniel accidentally exposes corruption in Chozen's grocery business during an encounter in the village. Chozen later accuses Daniel of insulting his honor, and they have a series of confrontations. Their feud comes to a head when Chozen and his friends attack Daniel and vandalize Miyagi's family property. The group is quickly defeated and runs off after Miyagi arrives. Miyagi and Daniel plan to return home before the situation gets worse, however Sato shows up with bulldozers and threatens to destroy the village if Miyagi refuses to fight. Forced to comply, Miyagi gives in on the condition that Sato signs the village's land title over to the villagers regardless of the fight's outcome. Sato initially balks, but agrees after Miyagi describes the condition as a "small price" to pay for honor.On the day of the fight, a typhoon appears. Villagers take cover at a nearby shelter, but Sato becomes trapped when his family's dojo is leveled by the storm. Miyagi and Daniel rush to rescue him. Arriving at the shelter, Daniel attempts to rescue a child trapped in a nearby bell tower. Sato orders Chozen to help, but when he refuses, Sato rushes to assist Daniel himself. He disowns Chozen for refusing to cooperate, and Chozen runs off into the storm out of anger. The next morning, as the villagers are rebuilding, Sato returns with his bulldozers only this time to help rebuild. Sato hands over the land title to the village and asks for Miyagi's forgiveness. Miyagi gladly accepts. Daniel and Kumiko approach Sato about hosting the upcoming O-bon festival in a nearby ceremonial castle, and he accepts.While Kumiko is performing a dance at the festival, a now-vengeful Chozen ziplines into the presentation, taking her hostage. He demands to fight Daniel alone. Daniel fights well, but is eventually overwhelmed by Chozen who gains the upper hand. Miyagi and the crowd respond by twisting handheld drums they brought to the celebration, inspiring Daniel. Chozen, seemingly confused, closes in for the kill, but Daniel is able to deflect Chozen's attacks and land counter-attacks using the drum technique. Daniel grabs the vanquished Chozen, raising his hand and threatening to end Chozen's life saying, "Live or die, man!" Chozen chooses death, but reminiscent of the way Miyagi handled Kreese earlier, Daniel tweaks Chozen's nose and playfully drops him to the ground. Daniel embraces Kumiko, while Miyagi looks on proudly.
Output: Question: Who tries to rescue a child trapped in a belltower?, Answer: Daniel
Input: Consider Input: Ray Milland plays Allen Fields, a scientist working for the Atomic Power Commission in Washington D.C., and stealing secret information for a foreign power. A telephone-ring code alerts Fields to his undercover cohort's requests for new information and the physical contact communicates with a dropped piece of trash on which information is written. The information Fields photographs on microfilm and hands off to his contact is passed again and again to a chain of secret agents who smuggle it out of the country. As Fields steals more information he takes more chances which begin to play on his conscience. When at one point some purloined information accidentally falls into the hands of the police, the FBI become alerted. Fields flees to New York where he waits in a run down apartment on the upper West Side of the city for a phone call to instruct him as to how to escape the authorities. When the FBI get closer a shattering confrontation results.
Output: Question: Fields waits on instructions for how to escape what?, Answer: The authorities
Input: Consider Input: A deadly virus wipes out almost all of humanity in 1996, forcing remaining survivors to live underground. A mysterious group known as the Army of the Twelve Monkeys is believed to be behind the virus. In 2035, James Cole (Willis) is a prisoner living in a subterranean shelter beneath the ruins of Philadelphia. Cole is selected for a mission, where he is trained and sent back in time to collect information on the virus in order to help scientists develop a cure.[3] Meanwhile, Cole is troubled by recurring dreams involving a foot chase and an airport shooting.Cole arrives in Baltimore in 1990, not 1996 as planned. He is arrested, then hospitalized in a mental institution on the diagnosis of Dr. Kathryn Railly (Stowe). There he encounters Jeffrey Goines (Pitt), a fellow mental patient with fanatical views. After an escape attempt, Cole is locked in a cell, but soon disappears, returning to the future. Back in his own time, Cole is interviewed by the scientists, who play a distorted voicemail message which discloses the location of the Army of the Twelve Monkeys and asserts their association with the virus. He is also shown photos of numerous people suspected of being involved, including Goines. He is given a second chance to go back in time, but another error results in him arriving at a battlefield of World War I. He is wounded in the leg and then suddenly sent to 1996.In 1996, Railly gives a lecture about the Cassandra complex to a group of scientists. At the post-lecture book signing, Dr. Peters (Morse) questions her about mankind's sustainability on earth and points out that humanity's gradual destruction of the environment may be the real lunacy. Cole arrives at the venue after seeing flyers publicizing it, and when Railly departs, he kidnaps her and forces her to take him to Philadelphia. They learn that Goines is the founder of the Army of the Twelve Monkeys, and set out in search of him. When they confront him, however, Goines denies any involvement with the virus and says that wiping out humanity was Cole's idea at the asylum in 1990.Cole convinces himself that he is insane, but Railly confronts him with evidence of his time travel. They decide to spend their remaining time together in the Florida Keys before the onset of the plague. On their way to the airport, they learn that the Army of the Twelve Monkeys was not the source of the epidemic; the group's major act of protest is releasing animals from a zoo and placing Goines' Nobel Prize winning virologist father (Plummer) in an animal cage.At the airport, Cole leaves a last message telling the scientists that in following the Army of the Twelve Monkeys they are on the wrong track, and that he will not return. He is soon confronted by Jose (Seda), an acquaintance from his own time, who gives Cole a handgun and ambiguously instructs him to follow orders. At the same time, Railly spots Dr. Peters, and recognizes him from a newspaper photograph as an assistant at Goines' father's virology lab. Peters is about to embark on a tour of several cities that match the locations and sequence of the viral outbreaks.Cole forces his way through a security checkpoint in pursuit of Peters. After drawing the gun he was given, Cole is fatally shot by police. As Cole lies dying in Railly's arms, she makes eye contact with a small boythe young James Cole witnessing the scene of his own death, which will replay in his dreams for years to come. Peters, aboard the plane with the virus, sits down next to Jones (Florence), one of the scientists from the future. | Output: Question: Who convinces him himself that he is insane?, Answer: Cole | fc-sni-duorc | 0 | 9443e952cd98c32e32a100c04f145e776a64a634718e406c91b4077e301eccc5 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Problem:What must be the location of the Group of Eight?, Context: RMIT University was also ranked among the top 51100 universities in the world in the subjects of: accounting, Business and Management, communication and media studies, computer science and information systems. The Swinburne University of Technology, based in the inner city Melbourne suburb of Hawthorn is ranked 76100 in the world for Physics by the Academic Ranking of World Universities making Swinburne the only Australian university outside the Group of Eight to achieve a top 100 rating in a science discipline. Deakin University maintains two major campuses in Melbourne and Geelong, and is the third largest university in Victoria. In recent years, the number of international students at Melbourne's universities has risen rapidly, a result of an increasing number of places being made available to full fee paying students. Education in Melbourne is overseen by the Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD), whose role is to 'provide policy and planning advice for the delivery of education'.
Solution: | Australian | fc-sni-adversarial_qa | 0 | 0c90f12667fa3f24031f5876b60558e80329f4b3ad7d3bc1fe10a91f89dbb4ca |
Given a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
DAVID GREENE HOST:
GREENE : Oh interesting. So it really is different lenses.
GREENE : So is public opinion turning in some significant way if there a way to measure this broadly? I mean I remember the mass shooting of children at Sandy Hook Elementary School - a lot of people thought this is going to change the game result in stricter gun measures bring a lot of the country together. We didn't see a lot of new stricter gun measures.
GREENE : So are things changing?
GREENE : So these fundamental divisions are - I mean are helpful in explaining why the debate over gun controls has remained so static.
GREENE : All right? Talking through a new NPR/Ipsos poll on guns in America with NPR political reporter Danielle Kurtzleben. Danielle thanks. | Poll: Majorities Of Both Parties Favor Increased Gun Restrictions | fc-sni-persent | 0 | d3ccb0134da0eb42192846b635eaa7a6edac60e10ae1e3c813bf32c20b29a11e |
In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Q: Serena van der Woodsen: Hey B.
Blair Waldorf: What are you doing here ?
Serena van der Woodsen: In the neighborhood .
Blair Waldorf: Can we talk later ? Despite your best efforts to ruin it I 'm actually having a good day and I do n't want anything to spoil it . Guess who asked me to visit ' The Captain ' with him ?
Serena van der Woodsen: I dunno Nate ?
Blair Waldorf: Yes , it 's like he finally needs me and he is n't afraid to ...
Serena van der Woodsen: Look B I understand why your reluctant to burst your happy bubble but I 'm not giving up .
Blair Waldorf: Well sorry if unlike some people I haven't been on the pill since I was _ 15 _ .
Serena van der Woodsen: Ok I am giving up . Before you start planning your perfect night with Nate do n't you think you should ...
Blair Waldorf: I 'm not pregnant Serena !
A: | AGE | fc-sni-numeric_fused_head | 0 | 87f246de1361f29966e4cccd8f25928e4e712f4998117c86893d167846556e49 |
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ''Restoring Authority to Schools Act
of 2004''.
SEC. 2. PURPOSES.
The purposes of this Act are--
(1) to restore authority to the public schools to conduct
education as a human enterprise;
(2) to limit Federal court oversight of public schools to
that which is reasonable and necessary to implement Federal
law; and
(3) to allow State and local education officials to bring
new insights and solutions to problems of allocating revenues
and resources for the common good in keeping with their
designated legislative and executive powers.
SEC. 3. APPROPRIATE REMEDIES WITH RESPECT TO VIOLATIONS OF FEDERAL LAW
IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
(a) Requirements for Relief.--
(1) Prospective relief.--
(A) Prospective relief in any civil action with
respect to violations of Federal law in the public
schools shall extend no further than necessary to
correct the violation of the Federal right of a
particular plaintiff or plaintiffs. The court shall not
grant or approve any prospective relief unless the
court finds that such relief is narrowly drawn, extends
no further than necessary to correct the violation of
the Federal right, and is the least intrusive means
necessary to correct the violation of the Federal
right. The court shall give substantial weight to any
adverse impact on other students or the school
community as a whole caused by the relief.
(B) The court shall not order any prospective
relief that requires or permits a government official
to exceed his or her authority under State or local law
or otherwise violates State or local law, unless--
(i) Federal law requires such relief to be
ordered in violation of State or local law;
(ii) the relief is necessary to correct the
violation of a Federal right; and
(iii) no other relief will correct the
violation of the Federal right.
(2) Preliminary injunctive relief.--In any civil action
with respect to violations of Federal law in the public
schools, to the extent otherwise authorized by law, the court
may enter a temporary restraining order or an order for
preliminary injunctive relief. Preliminary injunctive relief
must be narrowly drawn, extend no further than necessary to
correct the harm the court finds requires preliminary relief,
and be the least intrusive means necessary to correct that
harm. The court shall give substantial weight to any adverse
impact on other students or the school community as a whole
caused by the preliminary relief and shall respect the
principles of comity set out in paragraph (1)(B) in tailoring
any preliminary relief. Preliminary injunctive relief shall
automatically expire on the date that is 90 days after its
entry, unless the court makes the findings required under
subsection (a)(1) for the entry of prospective relief and makes
the order final before the expiration of the 90-day period.
(b) Termination of Relief.--
(1) Termination of prospective relief.--
(A) In any civil action with respect to violations
of Federal law in the public schools in which
prospective relief is ordered, such relief shall be
terminable upon the motion of any party or intervener--
(i) 2 years after the date the court
granted or approved the prospective relief;
(ii) 1 year after the date the court has
entered an order denying termination of
prospective relief under this paragraph; or
(iii) in the case of an order issued on or
before the date of enactment of the Restoring
Authority to Schools Act (enacted ____ __,
2004), 2 years after such date of enactment.
(B) Nothing in this section shall prevent the
parties from agreeing to terminate or modify relief
before the relief is terminated under subparagraph (A).
(2) Immediate termination of prospective relief.--In any
civil action with respect to violations of Federal law in the
public schools, a defendant or intervener shall be entitled to
the immediate termination of any prospective relief if the
relief was approved or granted in the absence of a finding by
the court that the relief is narrowly drawn, extends no further
than necessary to correct the violation of the Federal right,
and is the least intrusive means necessary to correct the
violation of the Federal right.
(3) Limitation.--Prospective relief shall not terminate if
the court makes written findings based on the record that
prospective relief remains necessary to correct a current and
ongoing violation of the Federal right, extends no further than
necessary to correct the violation of the Federal right, and
that the prospective relief is narrowly drawn and the least
intrusive means to correct the violation.
(4) Termination or modification of relief.--Nothing in this
section shall prevent any party or intervener from seeking
modification or termination before the relief is terminable
under paragraph (1) or (2), to the extent that modification or
termination would otherwise be legally permissible.
(c) Settlements.--
(1) Consent decrees.--In any civil action with respect to
violations of Federal law in the public schools, the court
shall not enter or approve a consent decree unless it complies
with the limitations on relief set forth in subsection (a).
(2) Private settlement agreements.--
(A) Nothing in this section shall preclude parties
from entering into a private settlement agreement that
does not comply with the limitations on relief set
forth in subsection (a), if the terms of that agreement
are not subject to court enforcement other than the
reinstatement of the civil proceeding that the
agreement settled.
(B) Nothing in this section shall preclude any
party claiming that a private settlement agreement has
been breached from seeking in State court any remedy
available under State law.
(d) State Law Remedies.--The limitations on remedies in this
section shall not apply to relief entered by a State court based solely
upon claims arising under State law.
(e) Procedure for Motions Affecting Prospective Relief.--
(1) Generally.--The court shall promptly rule on any motion
to modify or terminate prospective relief in a civil action
with respect to violations of Federal law in the public
schools. Mandamus shall lie to remedy any failure to issue a
prompt ruling on such a motion.
(2) Automatic stay.--Any motion to modify or terminate
prospective relief made under subsection (b) shall operate as a
stay during the period--
(A)(i) beginning on the 30th day after such motion
is filed, in the case of a motion made under paragraph
(1) or (2) of subsection (b); or
(ii) beginning on the 180th day after such motion
is filed, in the case of a motion made under any other
law; and
(B) ending on the date the court enters a final
order ruling on the motion.
(3) Postponement of automatic stay.--The court may postpone
the effective date of an automatic stay specified in subsection
(e)(2)(A) for not more than 60 days for good cause. No
postponement shall be permissible because of general congestion
of the court's calendar.
(4) Order blocking the automatic stay.--Any order staying,
suspending, delaying, or barring the operation of the automatic
stay described in paragraph (2) (other than an order to
postpone the effective date of the automatic stay under
paragraph (3)) shall be treated as an order refusing to
dissolve or modify an injunction and shall be appealable
pursuant to section 1292(a)(1) of title 28, United States Code,
regardless of how the order is styled or whether the order is
termed a preliminary or a final ruling.
(f) Special Masters.--
(1) In general.--
(A) In any civil action in a Federal court with
respect to violations of Federal law in the public
schools, the court may appoint a special master who
shall be disinterested and objective and who will give
due regard to balancing the needs of the school
community as a whole against the requested relief, to
conduct hearings on the record and prepare proposed
findings of fact.
(B) The court shall appoint a special master under
this subsection during the remedial phase of the action
only upon a finding that the remedial phase will be
sufficiently complex to warrant the appointment.
(2) Appointment.--
(A) If the court determines that the appointment of
a special master is necessary, the court shall request
that the defendant State officials and the plaintiff
each submit a list of not more than 5 persons to serve
as a special master.
(B) Each party shall have the opportunity to remove
up to 3 persons from the opposing party's list.
(C) The court shall select the master from the
persons remaining on the list after the operation of
subparagraph (B).
(3) Interlocutory appeal.--Any party shall have the right
to an interlocutory appeal of the judge's selection of the
special master under this subsection, on the ground of
partiality.
(4) Compensation.--The compensation to be allowed to a
special master under this section shall be based on an hourly
rate not greater than the hourly rate established under section
3006A for payment of court-appointed counsel, plus costs
reasonably incurred by the special master. Such compensation
and costs shall be paid with funds appropriated to the
Judiciary.
(5) Regular review of appointment.--In any civil action
with respect to violations of Federal law in the public schools
in which a special master is appointed under this subsection,
the court shall review the appointment of the special master
every 6 months to determine whether the services of the special
master continue to be required under paragraph (1). In no event
shall the appointment of a special master extend beyond the
termination of the relief.
(6) Limitations on powers and duties.--A special master
appointed under this subsection--
(A) may be authorized by a court to conduct
hearings and prepare proposed findings of fact, which
shall be made on the record;
(B) shall not make any findings or communications
ex parte;
(C) may be authorized by a court to assist in the
development of remedial plans; and
(D) may be removed at any time, but shall be
relieved of the appointment upon the termination of
relief.
(g) Definitions.--As used in this section--
(1) the term ''consent decree'' means any relief entered by
the court that is based in whole or in part upon the consent or
acquiescence of the parties, but does not include private
settlements;
(2) the term ''civil action with respect to violations of
Federal law in the public schools'' means any civil proceeding
arising under Federal law with respect to any aspect of
operation of the public schools or the provision of public
education, including extra curricular and ancillary activities,
but does not include civil proceedings relating to
desegregation of the public schools;
(3) the term ''public schools'' means a public elementary
or secondary school as such terms are defined in section 9101
of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20
U.S.C. Sec. 7801);
(4) the term ''private settlement agreement'' means an
agreement entered into among the parties that is not subject to
judicial enforcement other than the reinstatement of the civil
proceeding that the agreement settled;
(5) the term ''prospective relief'' means all relief other
than compensatory monetary damages;
(6) the term ''special master'' means any person appointed
by a Federal court pursuant to Rule 53 of the Federal Rules of
Civil Procedure or pursuant to any inherent power of the court
to exercise the powers of a master, regardless of the title or
description given by the court; and
(7) the term ''relief'' means all relief in any form that
may be granted or approved by the court, and includes consent
decrees but does not include private settlement agreements.
[A]: Restoring Authority to Schools Act of 2004 - Requires prospective relief in any civil action for violations of Federal law in public schools to be narrowly drawn, to extend no further than necessary, and to reflect the least intrusive means necessary to correct the violation. Requires the court to give substantial weight to any adverse impact on other students or the school community caused by such relief.
Prohibits the court from ordering prospective relief that requires or permits government officials to exceed their authority under State or local law or otherwise violates such law unless Federal law so requires, the relief is necessary, and no other relief will correct the violation.
Authorizes the court to enter a temporary restraining order or an order for preliminary injunctive relief with respect to violations of Federal law in public schools to the extent otherwise authorized by law if the order complies with the limitations on prospective relief set forth in this Act.
Requires the termination of prospective relief upon the motion of any party or intervener at specified times. Entitles defendants or interveners to the immediate termination of such relief if it was approved or granted in the absence of a finding that the limitations set forth in this Act were met.
Prohibits the court from entering or approving a consent decree absent compliance with such limitations.
Sets forth procedures for motions affecting prospective relief.
Authorizes the court to appoint a special master in those civil actions addressed by this Act.
[Q]: SECTION 1. INCENTIVES TO INCREASE USE OF HIV SCREENING TESTS UNDER THE
MEDICAID PROGRAM.
(a) Higher Federal Matching Percentage for Routine HIV Screening
Services.--Section 1903 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396b) is
amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph
(8); and
(B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following
new paragraph:
''(7) an amount equal to 90 percent of the sums expended
during such quarter which are attributable to the costs of
providing routine HIV screening services (as defined in
subsection (aa)(1)) if the conditions described in subsection
(aa)(2) are met; plus''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
''(aa) Routine HIV Screening Services.--
''(1) In general.--For purposes of this section, the term
'routine HIV screening services' means the following:
''(A) An HIV screening test (and, if such test is
positive, a confirmatory HIV test), including the
interpretation of such tests, that is provided as part
of medical care in any health care setting (other than
an inpatient hospital setting) for an individual who--
''(i) is at least 13, but not more than 64,
years of age;
''(ii) is not known to the health care
provider (directly, through information
provided by the individual, or through access
to an electronic medical record) previously
ever to have had a positive test for HIV or,
subject to paragraph (3), within the previous 6
months to have had any test for HIV; and
''(iii) has been informed that such a test
will be administered and has not objected to
such a test.
''(B) Informing an individual so tested of the
results of the tests at the time of such examination.
''(C) In the case of such an individual who tests
positive for HIV on the screening and confirmatory
tests, post-test counseling concerning HIV at the time,
and as part of, such examination.
''(2) Conditions.--For purposes of subsection (a)(7), the
conditions of this paragraph, with respect to routine HIV
screening services, are that--
''(A) the payment amount for such services under
this title is reasonable and closely approximates the
payment amount for such services under part B of title
XVIII;
''(B) no cost-sharing is imposed under this title
for the provision of such services; and
''(C) in the case of a State for which a political
subdivision is required to contribute towards the non-
Federal share of expenditures for routine HIV screening
services, the increase in the Federal share applicable
under subsection (a)(5) to such services is first
applied to reduce the contribution (but not below zero)
required by such political subdivision.
''(3) Exception.--The limitation under paragraph (1)(A)(ii)
with respect to having a test for HIV within the previous 6
months shall not apply to an individual if the individual
indicates that, because of the individual's possible exposure
to HIV during the intervening period, the individual is at
increased risk of acquiring HIV since such previous test.''.
(b) Conforming Amendments.--
(1) Subparagraphs (E) and (F) of section 1919(h)(2) of such
Act (42 U.S.C. 1396r(h)(2)) are each amended by striking
''1903(a)(7)'' and inserting ''1903(a)(8)''.
(2) Paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 1931(h) of such Act
(42 U.S.C. 1396u-1(h)) are each amended by striking
''1903(a)(7)'' and inserting ''1903(a)(8)''.
(3) Section 1938(d)(4) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1396u-
8(d)(4)) is amended by striking ''1903(a)(7)'' and inserting
''1903(a)(8)''.
(4) Section 1940(j) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1396w(j)) is
amended by striking ''paragraph (7)'' and inserting ''paragraph
(8)''.
(c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall
apply to services furnished on or after the date of the enactment of
this Act.
(d) Report.--Not later 2 years after the date of the enactment of
this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall submit a
report to Congress on barriers that exist for Medicaid beneficiaries to
access routine HIV screening services (as defined in section 1903(aa)
of the Social Security Act, as added by subsection (a)(2)). Such report
shall include recommendations on how to reduce such barriers to access
such services.
[A]: Amends title XIX (Medicaid) of the Social Security Act to direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to make quarterly payments to states with Medicaid plans for 90% of their expenditures for routine HIV screening services.
[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ''Apollo 11 Moon Landing 25th
Anniversary Commemorative Coin Act''.
SEC. 2. COIN SPECIFICATIONS.
(a) One Dollar Silver Coins.--
(1) Issuance.--The Secretary of the Treasury (hereafter in
this Act referred to as the ''Secretary'') shall issue not more
than 500,000 one dollar coins each of which shall--
(A) weigh 26.73 grams;
(B) have a diameter of 1.500 inches; and
(C) be composed of 90 percent silver and 10 percent
copper.
(2) Design.--The design of the dollar coins shall be
emblematic of America's great achievement 25 years ago when
humans first landed on the Moon. On each coin shall be a
designation of the value of the coin, an inscription of the
year ''1994'', and inscriptions of the words ''Liberty'', ''In
God We Trust'', ''United States of America'', and ''E Pluribus
Unum''.
(b) Legal Tender.--The coins minted under this Act shall be legal
tender as provided in section 5103 of title 31, United States Code.
(c) Numismatic Items.--For purposes of section 5132(a)(1) of title
31, United States Code, all coins minted under this Act shall be
considered to be numismatic items.
SEC. 3. SOURCES OF BULLION.
The Secretary shall obtain silver for the coins minted under this
Act from stockpiles established under the Strategic and Critical
Minerals Stock Piling Act.
SEC. 4. SELECTION OF DESIGN.
The design for each coin authorized by this Act shall be--
(1) selected by the Secretary after consultation with the
Commission of Fine Arts; and
(2) reviewed by the Citizens Commemorative Coin Advisory
Committee.
SEC. 5. ISSUANCE OF THE COINS.
(a) Period for Issuance.--The coins minted under this Act may be
issued by the Secretary beginning on July 20, 1994.
(b) Termination of Authority.--Coins may not be minted under this
Act after July 19, 1995.
(c) Use of 1 Mint Facility.--Only 1 facility of the United States
Mint may be used to strike any quality of coin.
(d) Proof and Uncirculated Coins.--The coins minted under this Act
shall be issued in uncirculated and proof qualities.
SEC. 6. SALE OF COINS.
(a) Sale Price.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the
Secretary shall sell the coins minted under this Act at a price equal
to the face value, plus the cost of designing and issuing the coins
(including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and overhead
expenses).
(b) Bulk Sales.--The Secretary shall make any bulk sales of the
coins minted under this Act at a reasonable discount.
(c) Prepaid Orders.--The Secretary shall accept prepaid orders for
the coins minted under this Act prior to the issuance of such coins.
Sale prices with respect to such prepaid orders shall be at a
reasonable discount.
(d) Surcharge.--All sales of coins minted under this Act shall
include a surcharge of $10.00 per coin.
SEC. 7. GENERAL WAIVER OF PROCUREMENT REGULATIONS.
(a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), no provision
of law governing procurement or public contracts shall be applicable to
the procurement of goods and services necessary for carrying out the
provisions of this Act.
(b) Equal Employment Opportunity.--Subsection (a) shall not relieve
any person entering into a contract under the authority of this Act
from complying with any law relating to equal employment opportunity.
SEC. 8. DISTRIBUTION OF SURCHARGES.
The surcharges received by the Secretary from the sale of the coins
issued under this Act shall be promptly paid by the Secretary to the
Aerospace Education Alliance for the purpose of developing and
implementing a program to enhance the math and science skills of
America's teachers in grades kindergarten through grade 8, as part of
the national strategy to improve mathematics and science education.
SEC. 9. AUDITS.
The Comptroller General shall have the right to examine such books,
records, documents, and other data of the Aerospace Education Alliance
as may be related to the expenditure of amounts paid under section 8.
SEC. 10. FINANCIAL ASSURANCES.
(a) No Net Cost to the Government.--The Secretary shall take such
actions as may be necessary to ensure that minting and issuing coins
under this Act will not result in any net cost to the United States
Government.
(b) Payment for Coins.--A coin shall not be issued under this Act
unless the Secretary has received--
(1) full payment for the coin;
(2) security satisfactory to the Secretary to indemnify the
United States for full payment; or
(3) a guarantee of full payment satisfactory to the
Secretary from a depository institution whose deposits are
insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the
National Credit Union Administration Board.
[A]: | Apollo 11 Moon Landing 25th Anniversary Commemorative Coin Act - Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to: (1) issue coins emblematic of humans first landing on the moon 25 years ago; and (2) pay surcharges received from coin sales to the Aerospace Education Alliance to develop and implement a math and science skills program for America's teachers in grades kindergarten through eight. | fc-sni-billsum | 0 | a13ebb8e725f067795c7358cbd4e71a6238269655693d26abfcab41dd4f081bf |
Classify given movie review into two categories: positive, or negative based on its content.
Q: done in mostly by a weak script that can't support the epic treatment .
A: | negative | fc-sni-rotten_tomatoe | 0 | 04124f742356e6abb92b82e5bb4e928edbb4364cc4e98b4bc331c35f16b59bd6 |
In this task, five ordered key facts are given. All the given facts are expressed in natural language. Your job is to generate a story 100 to 1000 words long, that includes all the facts given as input in their order of appearance while expanding upon them to produce a broader, yet coherent, narrative.
Fact1: murder case took place in mid sixties, Fact2: husband is accused of murdering wife, Fact3: film moves with dream by girl, Fact4: girl dreams of getting killed by man, Fact5: Further sittings with psychiatrist reveal reason for murder
A murder case that took place in mid sixties is narrated through a voice and radio news as the titles role on. A husband is accused of murdering his wife and he has been sentenced to death. The film then moves forward with a dream by a girl Navya Nair, who dreams of getting killed by a man. The girl is clad in an old style dress resembling the trend of sixties. She is not able to identify the man. Nor could she rationalize her dream. But one thing is clear. She is frightened. Terribly frightened. So much so that she could not speak, recall her past, and get to terms with the present. She is now in a home run by Christian Missionary. She is under care of Jo Vincent Asokan, the person in charge for the rehabilitation of physically and mentally challenged persons. He names her as Anjali and develops a secret love towards her. Enters psychiatrist Krishnan Raghuvaran, expert in hypnotist therapy, comes forward to help them. The therapy reveals that she is the reincarnation of the girl, who was allegedly killed by her husband in 1965. The shocking revelation gives her back the power of speech but still she is unable to recall her past in this birth. Further sittings with the psychiatrist reveal the possible reason for the murder. The husband suspected an affair between his wife and his friend, a famous playback singer Madhavan Vineeth. The scenes surfaced in hypnotic sleep identify the husband. It is none other than Jo, who is the reincarnation of the husband Now Anjali is afraid of Jo and the doctor starts counseling Jo by putting him into hypnotic sleep. Jo, in his travel to his previous birth, finds that the husband was not responsible for the murder. Both Anjali and doctor are not ready to accept his words and they suspect that he would repeat the effort in this birth as well. Jo, who is in love with Anjali, is shaken and determined to find the truth. This leads him searching the missing lines of the murder that took place forty years ago. The script reveals the truth with lots of unexpected twists in the tale.Jo and his friend go and ask madhavan,the singer who loved thamarai,the girl who was killed.He tells them that her husband saw a boy talking to his mother about lying in the court.madhavan says that the killer is a person named gopikrishnan,and jo understands immediately that he means the hypnotist krishnan, who helped anjali. Sila Nerangalil is a remake of the 1991 psychological thriller Dead Again directed by Kenneth Branagh starring Emma Thompson. Andy Garcia, Derek Jacobi and Robin Williams.
Fact1: Canadian First Nations children being compelled by law to attend Indian residential schools, Fact2: Aila 's parents consume drugs and alcohol to cope with abuse, Fact3: Aila In takes over father 's drug dealing business in care of uncle father 's absence, Fact4: Joseph is released from prison and returns to Red Crow Reserve, Fact5: Popper arrests Joseph on trumped up property damage charges and sends Aila to St. Dympha 's
The film opens with a brief prologue explaining the history of Canadian First Nations children being compelled by law to attend Indian residential schools. In 1966, the prepubescent Aila Miika Whiskeyjack lives with her father Joseph Glen Gould, mother Anna Roseanne Supernault and younger brother Tyler at the fictional Red Crow Reserve, a Mikmaq Indian reserve. Ailas parents consume drugs and alcohol to cope with the abuse they suffered at St. Dymphnas residential school. Tyler is accidentally killed by Anna during a drunk driving accident. The griefstricken Anna commits suicide while Joseph takes the blame and is imprisoned. The film fast forwards ten years later to 1976. In her fathers absence, the nowteenage Aila Kawennahere Devery Jacobs takes over her fathers drug dealing business in the care of her uncle Burner Brandon Oakes, who himself consumes and sells drugs. To avoid being sent to St. Dymphnas school, Aila uses the proceeds from the drug money to bribe the corrupt and abusive Indian agent Popper Mark Antony Krupa, who runs the school. In flashback scenes, it is show that a younger Popper Sheamas Graham was bullied by several Mikmaq youths including Burner. A younger Joseph Muin Gould comes to his aid but Popper spurns his offer of friendship and develops a hatred for the Indians in the reserve. One day, Ailas drug money is stolen. Her predicament is complicated when her father Joseph is released from prison and returns to the Red Crow Reserve. Relations between daughter and father are initially frayed; Aila resents her father for not being there while Joseph is unhappy that his daughter is involved in the drug business. Aila, her father, and three friends later hatch a plot to break into St. Dymphnas and steal the required money. However, one of Ailas friends betrays them to Popper, who arrests Joseph on trumped up property damage charges and sends Aila to St. Dymphas. During her induction, Aila is shorn of her long braids and imprisoned in a cell. However, she is freed by a local resident boy. Seeking revenge against Popper, Aila and her friends don Halloween costumes and break into St Dymphnas. They free Joseph and steal C 20,000 from Poppers office. After escaping, Aila reconciles with her father, who tells her that she is not to blame for the death of her mother and the cycle of abuse that occurred at St Dymphnas. However, Popper catches up with them and knocks Joseph down with a rifle butt. Popper attempts to rape Aila but is shot dead by the local resident boy who freed Aila. To protect the young boy and his daughter, Joseph takes the fall for killing Popper. Gisigu Stewart Myiow, a friend of her grandfather, becomes her mentor and promises to help steer her away from dealing with drugs. Aila also befriends the young boy who saved her and her dad from Popper.
Fact1: New England ingenue works as secretary for theatrical agency, Fact2: Neely Jennifer and Anne become fast friends sharing bonds of ambition and tendency to fall in love with wrong men, Fact3: Lawson considers her threat to top billing in play, Fact4: Anne becomes moves to Hollywood to pursue lucrative film career, Fact5: Jennifer and Miriam As check him Tony 's mental and physical health declines | Three young women meet when they embark on their careers. Neely OHara Duke is a plucky kid with undeniable talent who sings in a Broadway show, of which legendary actress Helen Lawson Hayward is the arrogant star, while Jennifer North Tate, a beauty with limited talent, is in the chorus. Anne Welles Parkins is a New England ingenue who recently arrived in New York City and works as a secretary for a theatrical agency that represents Lawson. Neely, Jennifer, and Anne become fast friends, sharing the bonds of ambition and the tendency to fall in love with the wrong men. Neely is fired from the show as Lawson considers her a threat to her top billing in the play. Assisted by Lyon Burke Paul Burke, an attorney from Annes theatrical agency, Neely makes an appearance on a telethon and is hired as a nightclub act. She becomes an overnight success and moves to Hollywood to pursue a lucrative film career. Once shes a star, however, Neely not only duplicates the egotistical behavior of Lawson, she also falls victim to the eponymous dolls prescription drugs, particularly barbiturates Seconal and Nembutal and various stimulants. She betrays her husband, Mel Anderson Martin Milner; her career is shattered by her erratic behavior triggered by her drug abuse, and she is committed to a sanitarium for rehabilitation. Jennifer follows Neelys path to Hollywood, where she marries nightclub singer Tony Polar Tony Scotti and becomes pregnant. When she learns that he has the hereditary condition Huntingtons chorea a fact his domineering halfsister and manager Miriam Lee Grant had been concealing Jennifer has an abortion. As Tonys mental and physical health declines, Jennifer and Miriam check him into the same sanitarium as Neely. Faced with Tonys mounting medical expenses, Jennifer finds herself working in French art films softcore pornography to pay the bills. Annes natural beauty lands her a lucrative job promoting a line of cosmetics in TV commercials and print ads. She also falls under the allure of drugs to escape her doomed relationship with cad Lyon Burke, who has an affair with her erstwhile friend, Neely. Neely, committed to the same institution as Tony to recover from her addictions, meets him there and they sing a duet at one of the sanitariums weekly parties. Neely is released and given a chance to rebuild her career, but the lure of drugs and alcohol proves too strong and she spirals into a hellish decline. Meanwhile, Jennifer is diagnosed with breast cancer and needs a mastectomy. She phones her mother, seeking moral support; but her mother is only concerned with the reaction from her friends to Jennifers art films. Jennifer then succumbs to depression and commits suicide by drug overdose. Anne abandons drugs and her unfaithful lover and returns to New England. Lyon ends his affair with Neely and travels to New England to ask Anne to marry him. She decides to move on with her life and declines his offer. | fc-sni-facts2story | 0 | 120b3e0a30851549440fade5dc91c6c9ca0e2411021eb7e6fe66f85da61e05a0 |
Answer the question from the given passage. Your answer should be directly extracted from the passage, and it should be a single entity, name, or number, not a sentence.
--------
Question: Passage: The first Methodist clergy were ordained by John Wesley, a priest of the Church of England, because of the crisis caused by the American Revolution which isolated the Methodists in the States from the Church of England and its sacraments. Today, the clergy includes men and women who are ordained by bishops as elders and deacons and are appointed to various ministries. Elders in the United Methodist Church itenerate and are subject to the authority and appointment of their bishops. They generally serve as pastors in local congregations. Deacons are in service ministry and may serve as musicians, liturgists, educators, business administrators, and a number of other areas. Elders and deacons are required to obtain a master's degree (generally an M.Div.), or another equivalent degree, before commissioning and then ultimately ordination. Elders in full connection are each a member of their Annual Conference Order of Elders. Likewise each deacon in full connection is a member of their Annual Conference Order of Deacons. Question: Each deacon in full connection is a member of what?
Answer: Annual Conference Order of Deacons
Question: Passage: The energy crisis led to greater interest in renewable energy, nuclear power and domestic fossil fuels. There is criticism that American energy policies since the crisis have been dominated by crisis-mentality thinking, promoting expensive quick fixes and single-shot solutions that ignore market and technology realities. Instead of providing stable rules that support basic research while leaving plenty of scope for entrepreneurship and innovation, congresses and presidents have repeatedly backed policies which promise solutions that are politically expedient, but whose prospects are doubtful. Question: There is criticism that the energy policies are expensive quick fixes that ignore which facts?
Answer: market and technology realities
Question: Passage: Warsaw's first stock exchange was established in 1817 and continued trading until World War II. It was re-established in April 1991, following the end of the post-war communist control of the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy. Today, the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) is, according to many indicators, the largest market in the region, with 374 companies listed and total capitalization of 162 584 mln EUR as of 31 August 2009. From 1991 until 2000, the stock exchange was, ironically, located in the building previously used as the headquarters of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR). Question: How many companies were listed on the WSE on August 2009?
Answer: | 374 | fc-sni-xquad | 0 | d1d8578145cd30c5e586be83221e302fcca64c831571dca726480f5490f02401 |
In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
[Q]: Text: so this was yesterday, but i'm really feeling the effect of it today. so i've been eyeing this product on amazon and i got paid yesterday at 12am, so naturally i went to go purchase it. on the page it said "if you order within the next 34 minutes, you can get your item by saturday!" i was very excited about the opportunity, since i could play with it all weekend before school started back again. i have amazon prime, and it said the free 2day shipping would have it arrive on sat, so i quickly picked that one, as time was running out! well just a few seconds ago it dawned on me. i chose usps, and they don't deliver here on sat. so now i have to wait until monday ;_;
[A]: TIFU by ordering too fast
[Q]: Text: so this was last night. we had some friends over from out of town. had a few packs of bottle rockets left over from the 4th. all the kids were already in bed (ours and theirs) so my buddy and i were sitting in the garage just hanging out, thought we'd finish off the 3 packs of bottle rockets i had left over. we decided to play a game, hung up one of those frisbees with the hole in the middle by a string on the outside of my garage, shot them off from our hands from the back of the garage and trying to make one through the hole. nobody made it through, but i had another buddy coming from over so i thought it would be funny when he pulled up if i shot a couple out at him while he was walking up. saw a truck pull up and assumed it was him. i fired 2 off as this figure was walking up our driveway. literally exploded a few feet above said figures head... out comes the flashlight, moving steadily towards my garage. and then.... "fireworks are illegal in the state of iowa sir!" uhhhh, fuck! "i'm sorry sir! we're done!" holy shit, i'm 30 - what am i doing with my weekend life?
[A]: TIFU by shooting a couple bottle rockets at a cops face...
[Q]: Text: the title has to be tifu, but it was really ydmdfu (yesterday my dad fucked up)
so, today i am experiencing the fallout of how my dad fucked up yesterday. i came home and saw [this](http://i.imgur.com/vauqyqj.jpg).
apparently, he started filling up his humidifier with the shower hose upstairs, and walked away. he forgot somehow, because he was in a rush, and kinda old.
when he did realize what was happening, he quickly tried to clean up water upstairs, but it was too late. he found water pouring out of the speaker (which was in the ceiling of the ground floor), but was still in a rush to leave.
so, he left, and heard a loud bang on the way out. he came home to the image you see above. (the weight of the water cleanly tore the ceiling panel out). it also ruined some christmas decorations that were being stored in the basement below.
i came home to the wreckage, and suggested we install a firepole.
p.s- i'm 16, that is why i live with my dad.
[A]: | TIFU by forgetting the humidifier | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | eb1e5cf46315eae058b596eee0757e6c577af1bcfc0f1dbdfd8f874a452eab2b |
Q: Given a comment, classify it into a 'hate' speech or 'not hate' speech. Answer using 'hate' or 'not hate'.
Even watching it on screen feels intense....imagine what they would be feeling to witness this horror first hand. To just be there takes some courage, let alone even touching the dead.
A: | not hate | fc-sni-ethos | 0 | 8c26607fe98c41c679fa8444e20c64c250027bbdef5db5ade71d38635612af30 |
Instructions: You are shown a conversation between a user and system. Identify who has spoken the indicated sentence based on the conversation.
Input: Sentence1: There are four listings for the provided criteria. Do you prefer the centre or south area? Sentence2: Kohinoor is a cheap Indian restaurant in the centre of town. Would you like their address? Sentence3: I don't care. Sentence4: yes please Sentence5: The address is 74 Mill Road City Centre. Sentence6: Hello. I want a cheap barbeque restaurant. Sentence7: There is not a restaurant matching your request. Would you like a different restaurant? Sentence8: Are there any cheap indian restaurants? Sentence9: Thank you, goodbye. Sentence10: Thank you, goodbye. Question: Who has spoken the sentence 4? (A) User (B) System
Output: | Answer: (A) User | fc-sni-multi_woz_v22 | 0 | 01bb323730e26399ca612c604e1fc3d59a0463ac2aee7d7a4c3fb21d856ea1a5 |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given two simple actions (associated with "A", "B"). You must identify which action is considered less ethical. Do not generate anything else apart from one of the following characters: 'A', 'B'.
PROBLEM: (A) telling someone I don't want to be friends anymore
(B) not wanting to freak my grandma out with a creepy letter
SOLUTION: A
PROBLEM: (A) telling a girl I'd rather invest my time elsewhere
(B) not talking to my grandma anymore
SOLUTION: B
PROBLEM: (A) saying feminism is not needed in modern days society
(B) not returning the second pack of cookies I got from my workplace's vending machine
SOLUTION: | A | fc-sni-scruples | 0 | 5009430c35747c74e0a223d151350e54f0848f4a13c8d935b6c9c8af811340be |
instruction:
In this task, you're given a question, along with three passages, 1, 2, and 3. Your job is to determine which passage can be used to answer the question by searching for further information using terms from the passage. Indicate your choice as 1, 2, or 3.
question:
Question: How tall is the mountain range where the Snoqualmie and Skykomish Rivers originate? Passage 1:The Snohomish River forms at the confluence of the Snoqualmie and Skykomish Rivers just west of Monroe. Both of these rivers originate in the Cascades and drain the west slopes of the mountains in southeastern Snohomish County and northeastern King County. The Snohomish River flows generally northwestward from the confluence, passing under state route 522 and flowing alongside Lord Hill Park before reaching downtown Snohomish. Here, it is joined by the Pilchuck River, its main tributary, and flows under state route 9. From Snohomish, the river continues northwestward through a broad floodplain, forming the eastern boundary of the city of Everett. The final few miles of the river in Everett form the Snohomish River estuary, a river delta that features wetlands and tideflats spread out across various islands and arms of the river. Several bridges carry U.S. 2, Interstate 5, and state route 529 across the delta. The river then empties into Possession Sound, which is part of Puget Sound, between Everett and Marysville.
Passage 2:Cameron began as an office dogsbody with the Weekly News in 1935. Having worked for several Scottish newspapers and for the Daily Express in Fleet Street, he was rejected for military service in World War II. After the war, his experience of reporting on the Bikini Atoll nuclear experiments turned him into a pacifist and a founding member of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament. He continued to work for the Express until 1950, after which he briefly joined Picture Post, where he and photographer Bert Hardy covered the Korean War, winning the Missouri Pictures of the Year International Award for "Inchon". Tom Hopkinson, the editor of Picture Post, lost his job as publisher when he defended the magazine's coverage of atrocities committed by South Korean troops at a concentration camp in Pusan. Cameron wrote, "I had seen Belsen, but this was worse. This terrible mob of men - convicted of nothing, un-tried, South Koreans in South Korea, suspected of being 'unreliable'." The founder of the Hulton press, Edward G. Hulton, decided to "kill" the story.
Passage 3:Raised in Bowie, Maryland, Nichols graduated from the United States Air Force Academy in 1979. From 1989 to 1991, he was stationed at Torrejon Air Base in Spain and served in the Gulf War before being assigned to The Pentagon. In 1992, Nichols joined the Wisconsin Air National Guard and was assigned to the 128th Fighter Wing. From 1994 to 1998, he served as Operations Officer of the 176th Fighter Squadron before serving as an operations group commander at Truax Field Air National Guard Base in Madison, Wisconsin for two years. In 2000, he was named Vice Commander of the 149th Fighter Wing of the Texas Air National Guard. From 2003 until 2009, he was in command of the 149th Fighter Wing. He was named Assistant Adjutant General of the Texas Air National Guard in 2009 and stayed in that position until becoming Adjutant General of Texas in 2011.
answer:
1
question:
Question: Which of these did she work for longer? Passage 1:During her early career Burrage traveled extensively in Europe, and also visited the Armory Show. She returned to the United States at the outbreak of World War II, moving to Kennebunkport with her sister Madeline, known as "Bob", in 1917, and remaining there until 1947, when they moved to Wiscasset. Her style continued to develop during this time, shifting from the Impressionism of her youth to an abstraction informed by the work of Jackson Pollock; later in life she created collages from mica. Some of her work is influenced by cartography. Active as a preservationist as well as an artist, she served as a director of the National Trust for Historic Preservation, and in 1954 helped to found the Lincoln County Historical Association. She was also involved in the founding of the Maine Art Gallery. Upon her death Burrage was buried with Madeline, who predeceased her, at Evergreen Cemetery in Portland.
Passage 2:The 197677 NBA season was the Braves seventh season in the NBA. The Braves were purchased by John Y. Brown, Jr., the former owner of the Kentucky Colonels in the now defunct American Basketball Association for $6.2 million. As part of an agreement with the Braves' former owner, Paul Snyder, Brown would give Snyder money received in player deals to reduce the purchase price. The sell-off began shortly after the season, as the Braves sold newly acquired Moses Malone. Malone was acquired in a trade with the Portland Trail Blazers after the ABA dispersal draft. Malone was now off to the Houston Rockets. The selling of players continued into the season as Bob McAdoo was sold to the New York Knicks. While the deals helped Brown pay virtually nothing for the franchise, it turned a promising franchise into a rebuilding one. Attendance fell off as the Braves finished in 4th place with a 30-52 record. The only spotlight was rookie Adrian Dantley, who captured Rookie of the Year honors with 20.3 points per game. However Dantley himself was traded following the season to the Indiana Pacers for Billy Knight.
Passage 3:Charley and Hattie collaborated with Jeff Trott (Sheryl Crow, Aimee Mann), Mike Elizondo (Dr. Dre, Fiona Apple), and Steve Booker (Duffy) on material that would become their album Daylight Crossing. Two years later they returned to the UK, where they worked with Universal Records sister company Mercury Records for the album's release. Daylight Crossing was produced by Steve Lipson and Youth, recorded at Sarm Hook End, Abbey Road and Olympic Studios. The album featured musicians Simon Tong and Simon Jones from the band The Verve and Steve Gadd and Pino Palladino. Daylight Crossing was released in June 2006 and became the 'Record of the Week' and 'Album of the Week' at BBC Radio 2, reaching No. 2 on UK's TV music video airplay chart. iTunes chose Daylight Crossing as 'Album of the Week' and singled out the song "Torches" as its 'Single of the Week' during its release week. The Webb Sisters performed on The Sharon Osbourne Show and toured in support of Jamie Cullum (for whom their brother Brad has played drums), Jason Mraz, James Morrison and Kubb, alongside band Leya and Joe Echo. Their song "Still The Only One" was played on the TV show Cane on CBS.
answer:
1
question:
Question: How many years were there between the release of the Super Famicom and the beginning of Mother 3 development? Passage 1:In October 1987, the American Soccer League announced that it had awarded a franchise to Joe Robbie which would be located in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Robbie, who owned the Minnesota Strikers of the Major Indoor Soccer League announced his intentions of resurrecting the name Fort Lauderdale Strikers and hired Wim Suurbier to coach the team. The team played their home games in Lockhart Stadium. In their first season, the Strikers stormed the ASL, finishing with a 14-6 record, best in the league, before falling to the Washington Diplomats in the finals. In 1988, Robbie later sold his share in the team to Noel Lemon. In January 1989, Suurbier resigned as coach to be replaced by Thomas Rongen. In their second season the Strikers did almost as well, finishing the season at 12-8. They went on to defeat the Boston Bolts for the 1989 championship. This qualified them for the 1989 National Pro Soccer Championship, the first American national outdoor soccer championship since the collapse of the North American Soccer League in 1984. On September 9, 1989, the Strikers defeated the San Diego Nomads of the Western Soccer League, 31, to win the title. Following that game, the ASL merged with the WSL to form the American Professional Soccer League. They played five more years in that league. For the 1990 season seven home games were played at Pompano Beach Municipal Stadium and five at the Royal Palm Polo Club in Boca Raton, after the Broward School Board denied the team access to Lockhart Stadium. In January 1991, the Strikers merged with the Orlando Lions. The combined team retained the Strikers name, uniforms and staff. Soon after Lemons sold the team to Bryan Lockwood.
Passage 2:While in the sixth form, he starred in a production of Hamlet, which was taken to the Edinburgh Festival Fringe and very well regarded. At 18 he won a scholarship to the University of Cambridge, where he read history at St John's College and earned his degree. Younger members of the university at the time included Ian McKellen (who had a crush on him"a passion that was undeclared and unrequited", as McKellen relates it) and Trevor Nunn. During his studies at Cambridge, Jacobi played many parts including Hamlet, which was taken on a tour to Switzerland, where he met Richard Burton. As a result of his performance of Edward II at Cambridge, Jacobi was invited to become a member of the Birmingham Repertory Theatre immediately upon his graduation in 1960.
Passage 3:Mother 3 was originally developed for the Super Famicom (Super Nintendo Entertainment System) beginning in 1994. Shigeru Miyamoto, head of Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development and Mother 3 producer, said that Mother 3 was "a commercial decision", since Mother 2 (EarthBound outside Japan) had sold well. By this point, Mother series creator Shigesato Itoi had worked on the series' earlier games and Itoi Shigesato no Bass Tsuri No. 1 and was experienced at pitching video games, so Miyamoto provided a team willingly. The Mother 2 development team carried over to the new game's development, though several people left and the team grew in size. They forewent the usual prototyping phase and went straight into development expecting to create something unprecedented. Itoi said he wanted to make the game like a Hollywood film. In September 1994, he predicted that Mother 3 development would end around 1996 with a release on Nintendo's then-upcoming console. The team was inspired by Super Mario 64 and felt that they too could creatively flourish by making a 3D world without restrictions. Their early technical specifications exceeded the capabilities and memory limits of the platform. About halfway through development, the team attempted to scale back its large scope and changed its development platform to the 64DD, a Nintendo 64 expansion peripheral. At E3 in June 1997, Miyamoto speculated that Mother 3 would be one of the four titles for the then-expected 1998 launch of the Japan-only peripheral, but the game was instead converted to a Nintendo 64 cartridge-only format upon the commercial failure of the repeatedly delayed 64DD.
answer: | 3 | fc-sni-iirc | 0 | f8de74377f05e89ab420afe8c8337948610a07c06b07dccbaa04c447cde50605 |
Given scientific fact as input, generate the question from this fact such that it can be answered from the input.
Zero is the net force acting on an object when two equal forces are applied from opposite directions.
What is the net force acting on an object when two equal forces are applied from opposite directions?
The term amines is used to describe molecules that contain carbon-nitrogen bonds.
What term is used to describe molecules that contain carbon-nitrogen bonds?
The cerebellum of the brain lies under the cerebrum and behind the brain stem. | What part of the brain lies under the cerebrum and behind the brain stem? | fc-sni-scitail | 0 | b6707409b6b867b244e9d04985f991596b96ade60f0d40e4a9735da3a9ad4a96 |
Given a question and a context passage, generate the answer having the word or phrase from the context passage. Here, the answer should be a shortest continous span from the passage.
Context: TDRS-11 was launched at 01:48 UTC on 31 January 2013, at the beginning of a 40-minute launch window.
Question: On what date did TDRS-11 take off?
31 january 2013
Context: The Caste War of Yucatan was a conflict that lasted from 1847 to 1901. It began with the revolt of native Maya people led by Maya chiefs Jacinto Pat and Cecilio Chi, against the population of European descent called "Yucatecos", who had political and economic control. A lengthy war ensued between the Yucateco forces in the north-west of the Yucatan and the independent Maya in the south-east. It officially ended with the occupation of the Maya capital of Chan Santa Cruz by the Mexican army in 1901, although skirmishes with villages and small settlements that refused to acknowledge Mexican control continued for over another decade. Adam Jones wrote: "This ferocious race war featured genocidal atrocities on both sides, with up to 200,000 killed." Because of the conflict, on November 24, 1902, Yucatan had a second territorial division when Porfirio Diaz decreed the creation of the Federal Territory of Quintana Roo, with capital in the port of Payo Obispo . In little more than half a century, Yucatan lost more than two thirds of its original territory.
Question: Who had control of the area after 1901?
mexican army
Context: The Giants ended a five-game losing streak to the Cowboys dating to October 28, 2012 at AT&T Stadium, doing so despite only 289 aggregate yards of offense. Two touchdowns were scored by either defense or special teams, first on a Matt Cassel pick-six run back 58 yards by Dominique Rodgers-Cromartie in the third quarter; in the fourth following a game-tying Cassel score to Devin Street the ensuing kickoff was run back 100 yards by Dwayne Harris. The game earned additional notoriety; in response to the presence on the Cowboys roster of Greg Hardy with domestic violence controversy surrounding him the Giants invited actress and outspoken advocate of domestic-violence victims Mariska Hargitay along with her husband Peter Hermann and their son August Miklos Hermann to be honorary captains; Hargitay and Hermann wore Mark Herzlich jerseys while August wore a jersey of Odell Beckham Jr. This was Tom Coughlin's last victory in East Rutherford as coach of the Giants.
Question: Which quarter the Cowboys tie the game? | the fourth | fc-sni-mrqa | 0 | d14cb48e2f57a5b380ddf1230124146b3f7aaed3e7dff0162177c89584bdbcad |
Instructions: You are shown a conversation between a user and system. Identify who has spoken the indicated sentence based on the conversation.
Input: Sentence1: What part of town were you interested in? Sentence2: It doesn't matter what part of town, If you have one you would recommend and let me know the entrance fee, that would be great. Sentence3: I 'm looking for a theatre in town. Sentence4: What does "currently unavailable" mean? Sentence5: Can you tell me if there is a time you want to leave by or arrive by? Sentence6: There will be 8 of us traveling, by the way. Sentence7: No, thank you. That's all I need this morning. Sentence8: The Cambridge Arts Theatre is located in the centre area. However, the entrance fee is currently unavailable. Sentence9: Not Available means I am not able to see the price of the entrance fee. Unfortunately all the theatre's are hiding there fee's. Anything else I can do? Sentence10: train tr9327 leaves at 13:06 and gets you there by 13:56. I have booked you 8 tickets. Reference number is : ZKGGRI1B Anything else I can do? Sentence11: I also need a train going from Cambridge to Peterborough on Sunday. Sentence12: OKay I will work on looking this up for you. Sentence13: Have a nice day, goodbye. Sentence14: I need to leave on Sunday and arrvie by 14:16. Question: Who has spoken the sentence 6? (A) User (B) System
Output: | Answer: (A) User | fc-sni-multi_woz_v22 | 0 | cc01210d8b0c543b309726ae55ca62faf90558be45f08e6e6f789e207f512779 |
Q: In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
Context: Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. (known professionally as Columbia Pictures and Columbia, and formerly CBC Film Sales Corporation) is an American film studio, production company and film distributor that is a member of the Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group, a division of Sony Entertainment's Sony Pictures subsidiary of the Japanese conglomerate Sony. The studio was founded in 1918 as Cohn-Brandt-Cohn Film Sales by brothers Jack and Harry Cohn and Jack's best friend Joe Brandt, released its first feature film in August 1922. It adopted the Columbia Pictures name in 1924, and went public two years later. Its name is derived from "Columbia", a national personification of the United States, which is used as the studio's logo. In its early years, it was a minor player in Hollywood, but began to grow in the late 1920s, spurred by a successful association with director Frank Capra. With Capra and others, Columbia became one of the primary homes of the screwball comedy. In the 1930s, Columbia's major contract stars were Jean Arthur and Cary Grant. In the 1940s, Rita Hayworth became the studio's premier star and propelled their fortunes into the late 1950s. Rosalind Russell, Glenn Ford, and William Holden also became major stars at the studio., Sony Pictures Entertainment Inc. (known professionally as Sony Pictures Entertainment and Sony Pictures and abbreviated as SPE) is an American entertainment company that produces, acquires and distributes filmed entertainment (theatrical motion pictures, television programs and recorded videos) through multiple platforms. It operates as a subsidiary of Sony Entertainment Inc., which is the parent company for both the music and motion picture businesses of Sony Corporation. Based in Culver City, California, it encompasses Sony's motion picture, television production and distribution units. Its group sales in the fiscal year 2015 (April 2015-March 2016) has been reported to be of $8.3 billion., William Holden (born William Franklin Beedle, Jr.; April 17, 1918 November 12, 1981) was an American actor who was one of the biggest box office draws of the 1950s through the 1970s. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1953 for his role in "Stalag 17", and a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor for his role in the 1973 television film "The Blue Knight"., Jean Arthur (October 17, 1900 June 19, 1991) was an American actress and a major film star of the 1930s and 1940s., Harry Cohn (July 23, 1891 February 27, 1958) was the American film president, film producer and production director of Columbia Pictures Corporation., Frank Russell Capra (born Francesco Rosario Capra; May 18, 1897September 3, 1991) was an Italian-American film director, producer and writer who became the creative force behind some of the major award-winning films of the 1930s and 1940s. Born in Italy and raised in Los Angeles from the age of five, his rags-to-riches story has led film historians such as Ian Freer to consider him the "American dream personified.", Rita Hayworth (born Margarita Carmen Cansino; October 17, 1918May 14, 1987) was an American actress and dancer. She achieved fame during the 1940s as one of the era's top stars, appearing in a total of 61 films over 37 years. The press coined the term "love goddess" to describe Hayworth after she had become the most glamorous screen idol of the 1940s. She was the top pin-up girl for GIs during World War II., Sony Corporation is the electronics business unit and the parent company of the Sony Group, which is engaged in business through its four operating components electronics (video games, network services and medical business), motion pictures, music and financial services. These make Sony one of the most comprehensive entertainment companies in the world. Sony's principal business operations include Sony Corporation, Sony Pictures Entertainment, Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony Music Entertainment, Sony Mobile (formerly Sony Ericsson) and Sony Financial. Sony is among the Semiconductor sales leaders by year and as of 2013, the fourth-largest television manufacturer in the world, after Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics and TCL., Cary Grant (born Archibald Alexander Leach; January 18, 1904 November 29, 1986) was a British-American actor, known as one of classic Hollywood's definitive leading men. He began a career in Hollywood in the early 1930s, and became known for his transatlantic accent, debonair demeanor, and light-hearted approach to acting and sense of comic timing. He became an American citizen in 1942., Pies and Guys is the 185th short subject starring American slapstick comedy team the Three Stooges . The trio made a total of 190 shorts for Columbia Pictures between 1934 and 1959 ., Catherine Rosalind Russell (June 4, 1907 November 28, 1976) was an American actress of stage and screen, known for her role as fast-talking newspaper reporter Hildy Johnson in the Howard Hawks screwball comedy "His Girl Friday" (1940), as well as for her portrayals of Mame Dennis in "Auntie Mame" (1958) and Rose in "Gypsy" (1962). A noted comedian, she won all five Golden Globes for which she was nominated. Russell won a Tony Award in 1953 for Best Performance by an Actress in a Musical for her portrayal of Ruth in the Broadway show "Wonderful Town" (a musical based on the film "My Sister Eileen", in which she also starred). She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress four times throughout her career., Gwyllyn Samuel Newton "Glenn" Ford (May 1, 1916 August 30, 2006) was a Canadian-born American actor from Hollywood's Golden Era with a career that lasted more than 50 years. Although he played many different roles, Ford was best known for playing ordinary men in unusual circumstances., The Sony Pictures Entertainment Motion Picture Group (commonly known as the Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group and formerly known as the Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group until 2013 and abbreviated as SPMPG) is a division of Sony Pictures Entertainment to manage its motion picture operations. It was launched in 1998 by integrating businesses of Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. and TriStar Pictures, Inc. , Subject: pies and guys, Relation: publication_date, Options: (A) 1 (B) 14 (C) 17 (D) 18 (E) 1891 (F) 19 (G) 1907 (H) 1918 (I) 1922 (J) 1958 (K) 1981 (L) 1986 (M) 1991 (N) 1998 (O) 2013 (P) 2015 (Q) 2016 (R) 23 (S) 27 (T) 28 (U) 4 (V) april 2015 (W) august 1922 (X) march 2016
A: | 1958 | fc-sni-wiki_hop | 0 | 73a46c99a0f82d1fce578165adae8c80e603f482a8570e44c19b30211a999d29 |
Detailed Instructions: Given a sentence, fill out the missing word with a 'no' or a number (between zero and ten). You should write the numbers with english alphabet, like: four instead of 4.
Problem:High ankle sprains, on the other hand, can remain symptomatic for as long as ____ months.
Solution: | nine | fc-sni-numersense | 0 | 6677412e17055c5fa46a74821f8fe37d1fd3c3ec68e06d62237849964270432a |
In this task, you are given a context paragraph of the tweet and question. Your task is to generate right answer of given question based on given context tweet paragraph.
Ex Input:
Context: Sorry everyone. #GhostPlane is on pause. I just got home and have to be up early to shoot Parks. I'll try to finish this sometime. Aziz Ansari (@azizansari) December 8, 2014 Question: why does aziz ansari have to be up early?
Ex Output:
to shoot parks
Ex Input:
Context: #NORAD F-15 fighter jets are currently escorting an unresponsive small aircraft over the Atlantic, possible hypoxia. More to follow. NORAD & USNORTHCOM (@NoradNorthcom) September 5, 2014 Question: what ocean are they flying over?
Ex Output:
the atlantic
Ex Input:
Context: You know what? I support #BoycottHamilton. I hope it intensifies -- especially during the first week of March, maybe that Sunday matinee? Patton Oswalt (@pattonoswalt) November 19, 2016 Question: when does patton oswalt hope #boycotthamilton intensifies?
Ex Output: | during the first week of march | fc-sni-tweetqa | 0 | d464371c0bf65e191c8c251eb2a1a7d6a6fa069e8027abb4cad189448f229958 |
In this task, you are given a context paragraph of the tweet and question. Your task is to generate right answer of given question based on given context tweet paragraph.
[Q]: Context: Stewart Mandel @slmandelThis Arizona UCLA game has been fun!1/21/2017, 11:02:34 PM Question: what is it that was fun?
[A]: arizona ucla game
[Q]: Context: In college, I named my bass guitar Natalie! As a young stand up comic I opened for Natalie Cole. She was all that, in all ways! [ RIP ] Arsenio Hall (@ArsenioHall) January 1, 2016 Question: what did arsenio hall name his bass guitar?
[A]: natalie
[Q]: Context: Date the whole NBA, who cares? But show a modicum of respect. The Klan killed and terrorized our people. @khloekardashian Jamilah Lemieux (@JamilahLemieux) November 12, 2014 Question: what emotion should be shown/
[A]: | respect | fc-sni-tweetqa | 0 | 805c0a6438c168730f1eda058fed672fcb34720ab0f88ecaa3979d9582918007 |
Given a paragraph about cooking, and a set of conversational question answers about the paragraph, generate a relevant question to the topic of the paragraph. The paragraph has the prefix 'CONTEXT:'. Each conversation question has a prefix 'Q:' followed by the answer prefix 'A:'.
Q: CONTEXT: This isn't the "quick" nor the healthy answer, but I personally do a twice-cooked system. I leave the juice from the can in the mix, and boil it down, which takes 15 minutes or so. Retaining the flavor of the canned fluid is essential, in my opinion.Then I "fry" the dry-ish mixture which is beginning to separate in maybe 1 tbsp preheated lard per can of beans, stirring a lot at first. Lastly, very slightly simmer this on low heat for 1 hour or so, stirring occasionally. Flavor is awesome. Any kinds of beans can be prepared in this way, and it is similar (varying on oil and legume variety) to other paste concoctions created elsewhere.. such as in the middle east.Note that this method negates the need for lots of "mashing". So, if you're more looking for less effort, than necessarily for "quick".. this could be your answer :) <sep> Q: How to quickly make refried beans (or thereabouts) using Kidney beans? A: This isn't the "quick" nor the healthy answer, but I personally do a twice-cooked system Q: No matter how much or long I cook and/or mash the beans (while adding water), the skin never quite "liquidizes" ? A: I "fry" the dry-ish mixture which is beginning to separate in maybe 1 tbsp preheated lard per can of beans, stirring a lot at first. Lastly, very slightly simmer this on low heat for 1 hour Q: Do you think maybe I should use a different kind of bean for better results? A: Any kinds of beans can be prepared in this way, and it is similar (varying on oil and legume variety) to other paste concoctions created elsewhere.. such as in the middle east
A: | Why do mine always seem tough and have strainy blobs? | fc-sni-doqa | 0 | b1e99e4ba79a7209ea5af9b74bafbd81a379973e5d83c57f5bafe4d98fa20473 |
In this task, you're given a story (which contains five sentences only). Your task is to find all the characters which are available in the given story.
Example Input: Sentence1: Jeff had been job searching for a while now. Sentence2: One day h got two offers from two different companies! Sentence3: One job paid more while the other job had much better benefits. Sentence4: Jeff thought about which one to take all day long. Sentence5: He decided to take the higher paying job.
Example Output: Jeff
Example Input: Sentence1: Raj formed a band with his friends. Sentence2: They would practice in their garages. Sentence3: One day, a neighbor called to complain. Sentence4: The police told the band they'd have to quiet it down. Sentence5: The band decided to take up poetry reciting instead.
Example Output: Friends, Raj, Neighbor, Police
Example Input: Sentence1: My friend Cindy lost her husband a couple months ago. Sentence2: I was in her neighborhood and was going to call before dropping in. Sentence3: An angel's voice told me she wouldn't answer so I didn't call. Sentence4: When I got there, she cried when she saw me. Sentence5: She was planning to kill herself before I came to visit her.
Example Output: | I (myself), Cindy's husband, Angel, Cindy | fc-sni-storycommonsense | 0 | 9497db24d67749bc86ec3c3dc248b93d8d602c12c00a94b0491be730c0ce53cf |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a part of an article. Your task is to generate headline (title) for this text. Preferred headlines are under fifteen words.
A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is a type of recurrent neural network architecture which has recently obtained strong results on a variety of sequence modeling tasks. The only underlying LSTM structure that has been explored so far is a linear chain. However, natural language exhibits syntactic properties that would naturally combine words to phrases. We introduce the Tree-LSTM, a generalization of LSTMs to tree-structured network topologies. TreeLSTMs outperform all existing systems and strong LSTM baselines on two tasks: predicting the semantic relatedness of two sentences (SemEval 2014, Task 1) and sentiment classification (Stanford Sentiment Treebank). | Improved Semantic Representations From Tree-Structured Long Short-Term Memory Networks | fc-sni-peer_read | 0 | a9e502c6aa7733e22f11866d8478ef328c0840ab35e507bfe6b51d62e2ca6ead |
Classify the given comment into 'Hope Speech' or 'Not Hope Speech'. A hope speech is defined as content that is encouraging, positive or supportive contents and talks about equality, diversity or inclusion
--------
Question: As an American
Answer: Not Hope Speech
Question: Never was a great fan but this does change my opinion of her.
Answer: Hope Speech
Question: My grandma was in the military. My aunt is a doctor. My mom is a University professor. My older sister is an architect. I want to be a video game developer. I'm so proud to be in a family of intellectual and accomplished black women.
Answer: | Hope Speech | fc-sni-hope_edi | 0 | e4c35939a1bf4233c18f7cb9806cfcc92f2fd39b881acfbe67b7c57c43e85be4 |
Categorize the following sentence into one of the five different emotions: anger, confusion, joy, sadness and neutral.
Example Input: Horribly fake. People on that thread are stupid and gullible.
Example Output: anger
Example Input: This helped me when I was in my worst mental state. I'm glad
Example Output: joy
Example Input: Am I getting old or is that just really dumb?
Example Output: | confusion | fc-sni-go_emotions | 0 | 25f060d4e7ca5acdd271cf40d42d172f5299c4a756dc5a5396798bbb020f6063 |
In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
Q: Passage: On a beautiful morning in 1923, Clarissa Dalloway sets out from her large house in Westminster to choose the flowers for a party she is holding that evening. Her teenage daughter Elizabeth is unsympathetic, preferring the company of the evangelical Miss Kilman. A passionate old suitor, Peter Walsh, turns up and does not disguise the mess he has made of his career and his love life. For Clarissa this confirms her choice in preferring the unexciting but affectionate and dependable Richard Dalloway. At her party Sally turns up, who was her closest friend, so close they kissed on the lips, but is now wife of a self-made millionnaire and mother of five.
Intercut with Clarissa's present and past is the story of another couple. Septimus was a decorated officer in the First World War but is now collapsing under the strain of delayed shell-shock, in which he is paralysed by horrific flashbacks and consumed with guilt over the death of his closest comrade. His wife Rezia tries to get him psychiatric help but the doctors she consults are little use: when one commits him to a mental hospital, he jumps from a window to his death. The doctor turns up late at Clarissa's party, apologising because he had to attend to a patient's suicide. Clarissa stands by a window and ponders what it would mean to jump.
A: | What is the full name of the suitor that Clarissa prefers? | fc-sni-quoref | 0 | a8715e9bab4cd43916b1dbe9c0c9cc198926c5ecd5e98ccc86749318c4fedd44 |
Given reviews from Amazon, classify those review based on their content into two classes: Negative or Positive.
Example input: I've read this book with much expectation, it was very boring all through out the book
Example output: Negative
Example explanation: Review writer does not like the book because it was boring, therefore it is a negative review.
Q: I was so looking forward to Tomb Raider: AOD coming out in November 15th 2002. Then it got delayed, then delayed again, and again, and again, and again. When it finally came out (8 MONTHS LATER) I was really excited. I put the game in my PS2. And was really shocked at how bad this game was. I was expecting something incredible. But no. Lara moves like a robot, it is very difficult to control her, loads of bugs and its boring. No fun. I am a huge Tomb Raider fan and have played them all. But I think this one might be making a trip back to the shop for a refund. However, the graphics are incredible (best i've seen in any game), lara looks amazing and the music is great. But overall I am very dissapointed. EIDOS, get it right next time.
A: | Negative | fc-sni-amazon_polarity | 0 | d59a6efdfb4428963493de506de219c170918f3c06764052d5dfad7441ddc6d0 |
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
[Q]: The electron dipole moment of this particle is at most three times ten to the negative 26th, and would violate CPT-symmetry if it is non-zero. This particle has a half-life of 881 seconds, and can break up into a proton, an electron and an electron antineutrino via beta decay. This particle is composed of one (*) up and two down quarks, and nuclear fission is initiated by the bombardment of this particle. The number of this particle dictates what isotope an atom is, and they have mass roughly equal to that of a proton. James Chadwick discovered, for ten points, what particle found in the nucleus, which, as its name suggests, has a net charge of zero
[A]: Science
[Q]: The title cup dominates a cloudy landscape in this painter's The Giant's Chalice and a mountain pass is depicted in his The Notch in the White Mountains. One series of paintings by this artist includes works like The Savage State, Consummation, and Decline, while another comprises Childhood, Youth, Manhood, and Old Age. Due to his many depictions of its landscapes, the fourth tallest of the Catskills mountains is named for him. Founder of Hudson River School, FTP, name this painter of the two series of paintings The Voyage of Life and The Course of Empire
[A]: Fine Arts
[Q]: Its current Prime Minister was implicated in a fake employment contract debacle known as the Annajat scandal. A Greek-American expatriate was ransomed after being kidnapped in this country, prompting Teddy Roosevelt to claim the government wants "Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead. " The publication by Gilles Perrault, "Our Friend the King" which documented the human rights violations of this country's previous monarch significantly deteriorated its relationship with France. The deployment of the (*) German gunboat Panther to a port city of this country eventually sparked the second international crisis and earlier the first international crisis was tentatively settled at the Algeciras Conference. For 10 points, name this country currently ruled by the Alaouite king Muhammad VI, with capital at Rabat.
[A]: | History | fc-sni-qanta | 0 | 3874cf92ac3e9bda68534d3db639b516edead217892f722435a5fa4e3088b692 |
In this task, you're given a story (which contains five sentences only). Your task is to find all the characters which are available in the given story.
Example Input: Sentence1: Ava needed a root canal badly- she was always in pain. Sentence2: But she was terrified of dentists! Sentence3: Finally the agony drove her to make an appointment. Sentence4: The dentist was very kind when she arrived, and put her at ease. Sentence5: And to her shock, the root canal didn't hurt one bit!
Example Output: Dentist, Dentists, Ava
Example Input: Sentence1: Jacob noticed his dog was whining. Sentence2: Jacob investigated and found his dog's leg hurt. Sentence3: He took the dog to see the vet. Sentence4: The vet made a cast to set the hurt leg. Sentence5: Within a few weeks, Jacob and his dog were playing again!
Example Output: Jacob, Vet, Dog
Example Input: Sentence1: Joey's mother took him to the zoo. Sentence2: Joey loved snakes, and he wanted to visit the reptile house. Sentence3: As Joey walked into the exhibit, his mother waited outside. Sentence4: Joey's mother had an intense fear of snakes. Sentence5: Joey was glad that she let him see the snakes.
Example Output: | Joey, Joey's mother | fc-sni-storycommonsense | 0 | f0f1ebebcfb90ee8e2018fe1e25a51952a65111c5e426477cdae09a2d01d39e8 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.
Problem:First-order methods such as stochastic gradient descent (SGD) are currently the standard algorithm for training deep neural networks. Second-order methods, despite their better convergence rate, are rarely used in practice due to the pro- hibitive computational cost in calculating the second-order information. In this paper, we propose a novel Gram-Gauss-Newton (GGN) algorithm to train deep neural networks for regression problems with square loss. Our method draws inspiration from the connection between neural network optimization and kernel regression of neural tangent kernel (NTK). Different from typical second-order methods that have heavy computational cost in each iteration, GGN only has minor overhead compared to first-order methods such as SGD. We also give theoretical results to show that for sufficiently wide neural networks, the convergence rate of GGN is quadratic. Furthermore, we provide convergence guarantee for mini-batch GGN algorithm, which is, to our knowledge, the first convergence result for the mini-batch version of a second-order method on overparameterized neural net- works. Preliminary experiments on regression tasks demonstrate that for training standard networks, our GGN algorithm converges much faster and achieves better performance than SGD.
Solution: | A novel Gram-Gauss-Newton method to train neural networks, inspired by neural tangent kernel and Gauss-Newton method, with fast convergence speed both theoretically and experimentally. | fc-sni-scitldr | 0 | d6ae58818b06875f93d269586f27b0e4ce901829ba9dcf5473ca448621b7a090 |
In this task, you're given four sentences of a story written in natural language. The given story is not complete and your job is to complete the story by selecting one of the sentence choices from (A) and (B), such that the story sounds fully coherent.
--------
Question: Sentence1: The high school student went to the dentist. Sentence2: She was told she needed braces again. Sentence3: She was not happy. Sentence4: She got braces and was in a lot of pain.
(A) But it was worth it when she saw her straightened teeth. (B) She couldn't wait to get her braces tightened each visit.
Answer: A
Question: Sentence1: Kathy realized to her horror that she was out of milk. Sentence2: So she gathered her young children up and went to the store. Sentence3: They were bad in the store and screamed a lot. Sentence4: Kathy cried on the way home.
(A) The children all went to bed without any dinner. (B) Kathy took them to the store again right away.
Answer: A
Question: Sentence1: John liked a girl at his work. Sentence2: He tried to get her attention by acting silly. Sentence3: She told him to grow up. Sentence4: John confesses he was trying to make her like him more.
(A) John was happy about being rejected. (B) The girl found this charming, and gave him a second chance.
Answer: | B | fc-sni-roc_stories | 0 | d0a2fc16c44ea9b17ca0eaf545efb7d35288106cb613b442d95b9bd1146e1fc6 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a question and you have to answer the question based on your knowledge. Your answers should be as short as possible.
Problem:What continent is the space station belonging to France with 3 launches and 2 failures in 1971 located in ?
Solution: | South America | fc-sni-hybridqa | 0 | 5a13309592ade135b890806981fae75118fddee5c7056e31d608786e2b88978f |
In this task, you're given four sentences of a story written in natural language. The given story is not complete and your job is to complete the story by selecting one of the sentence choices from (A) and (B), such that the story sounds fully coherent.
Sentence1: Ella found a tiny robin on the ground. Sentence2: She knew it must have fallen from its nest. Sentence3: She wrapped it carefully and made it a safe home. Sentence4: Then she fed it worms by hand.
(A) She liked taking care of the robin. (B) But she didn't want the robin anymore. | A | fc-sni-roc_stories | 0 | be09bdde17ff22b7b69e2f140622650e580e75ba3932c5e68c804a0a0897ff3d |
Detailed Instructions: Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Problem:Context: Diastolic runoff in the abdominal aorta, with subsequent circulatory mesenteric insufficiency, has been postulated as a cause of necrotizing enterocolitis in term infants with congenital heart disease. With this study we sought to determine whether Doppler-flow characteristics in the abdominal aorta can predict which infants are at specific risk, independent of gestational age and type of congenital heart disease.', 'We conducted a case-control study of term infants with congenital heart disease and proven necrotizing enterocolitis (n = 18) compared with gestational age-matched and diagnosis-matched control subjects (n = 20). Abdominal aortic Doppler velocities, time intervals, and reversals were analyzed. Groups were compared, and independent risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis were determined.', 'The groups were similar with regard to weight, pulse pressure, use of prostaglandins or inotropes, presence of a patent ductus arteriosus, and systolic function. However, 47% of the case subjects with necrotizing enterocolitis had persistent retrograde diastolic flow in the abdominal aorta compared with 15% of the control subjects. When adjusting for multiple risk factors, persistent diastolic flow reversal remained the only factor significantly associated with necrotizing enterocolitis.
Answer: Persistent diastolic flow reversal in the abdominal aortic Doppler profile is associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in term infants with congenital heart disease irrespective of gestational age or anatomic type of congenital heart disease.
Solution: | Is persistent diastolic flow reversal in abdominal aortic Doppler-flow profiles associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in term infants with congenital heart disease? | fc-sni-pubmed_qa | 0 | 62ec0b229bfaf0b392c17970ae008bb03e2132ff9f5a4263b45ab5155ad3b093 |
Definition: In this task, you're given a question, along with three passages, 1, 2, and 3. Your job is to determine which passage can be used to answer the question by searching for further information using terms from the passage. Indicate your choice as 1, 2, or 3.
Input: Question: How many children did the man have who was was the last driver before Gordon to win the Pepsi 400 from the pole? Passage 1:Hergott made his first appearance in the Closed Canadian Chess Championship at Winnipeg 1986, also a Zonal year, where he scored 6.5/15 in a strong field. He tied for third the next year in the Closed at Baie-Comeau, with 5.5/9. He played in the British Championship, Swansea 1987, scoring 6/11 in a powerful field headed by Grandmaster Nigel Short; Canadian Masters, as Commonwealth citizens, are eligible to play in the British Championship. The next Canadian Zonal was Windsor 1989, where he made an even score with 7.5/15. He tied for fourth in the 1992 Zonal at Kingston, with 6.5/11. His best Zonal performance was Hamilton 1994, where he finished clear second, with 10.5/15, a point behind Grandmaster Kevin Spraggett. In the controversy-marred Closed at Ottawa 1995, Hergott tied for third place with 5/8. Hergott placed seventh in the 1996 Zonal at Toronto with 8/15.
Passage 2:The line-up was Ian H. (Ian Michael Hodgson, vocals), Ewan Butler (guitar), John Baulcombe (Keyboards),Jos Murphy (bass guitar), and Mark McVitie (drums). The band's debut single, "Skin Storm" was released in 1988, and had the distinction of being the first independently financed recording to be released on compact disc. They followed this with "Tattered, Tangled & Torn" before signing to Midnight Music, although their only release for the label, a self-titled mini-LP, was withdrawn. The band were then signed to Smiths producer Stephen Street's Foundation label. Street produced the major share of Bradford's material during their two-year association before the band signed with Sire Records/Warner Bros. Records. The band opened for Morrissey at his first post-Smiths concert at Wolverhampton Civic Hall. 1989 saw two further singles, both hits on the UK Indie Chart, and an album, Shouting Quietly, produced by Stephen Street and released on Sire Records label in the United States followed in 1989, reissued in 1990. Sales of the album were disappointing, and the band were dropped by Sire. An album collecting tracks from their early singles was also issued. In 1991, Morrissey recorded a cover version of "Skin Storm", released as a B-side on his "Pregnant for the Last Time" single and also featured on the "My Love Life" and "The CD Singles '88-91'" albums.
Passage 3:Ten laps into the race, Michael Waltrip passed pole-sitter Jeff Gordon for the lead. On Lap 19, the caution flag was thrown after a multi-car accident. Waltrip continued leading until Lap 55, in which Dale Earnhardt Incorporated teammate Dale Earnhardt, Jr. After Bobby Hamilton, Jr. had an accident on Lap 70, Earnhardt led the race into pit road, but was pushed out by Gordon and Brian Vickers, and fell to fifteenth, giving Mike Wallace the lead entering Lap 74. Shepherd pitted on the following lap, and Morgan Shepherd took the lead. However, Shepherd would later pit, as Gordon regained the lead. Waltrip then retook the lead from Gordon on Lap 86, though Gordon then took the lead again 13 laps later. Ten laps later, Gordon pitted, and Waltrip was given the lead. On the ensuing lap, Earnhardt took the lead, though he later pitted, and Jimmy Spencer gained the lead. On Lap 113, Spencer lost the lead to Gordon when he pitted, who led the pit stops on Lap 139. Dave Blaney stayed out, and took the lead, though Ryan Newman gained first-place when Blaney went to pit road. Newman pitted on Lap 143, giving Tony Stewart the lead. With ten laps left in the race, Hendrick Motorsports teammates Jeff Gordon and Jimmie Johnson followed in third and fourth, respectively, behind Tony Stewart and Dale Earnhardt, Jr. Johnson then pushed Gordon past Stewart and Earnhardt, and Gordon subsequently won, his fourth of the season and second consecutive. The victory by Gordon made him the first driver since Cale Yarborough to win the Pepsi 400 from the pole. A version of the race's waning moments was included in the prologue of the video game , which involved Johnson pushing Gordon past Earnhardt.
Output: | 3 | fc-sni-iirc | 0 | 01de4118629db92096990677af65c3944f69309b077cc2a6e4edeb259feaf052 |
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ''National Center for Excellence in
Research and Development Act of 1996''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
The Congress finds the following:
(1) Due to the end of the Cold War, the United States has
not recently conducted underground nuclear testing at the
Department of Energy facility known as the Nevada Test Site,
Nevada, and the United States does not plan to conduct such
testing in the foreseeable future.
(2) Because the world political situation is ever-changing
and dangerous, it is imperative that the United States remain
strong militarily and continue to be a nuclear superpower.
(3) It is imperative that portions of the Nevada Test Site
be maintained in a full state of readiness to ensure the
capability of the nuclear arsenal of the United States.
(4) The Nevada Test Site is in a beneficial location for
activities suitable for research and development of emerging
technologies that will be important to the United States in the
21st century.
(5) Technology development carried out at the Nevada Test
Site should include both private-sector and military projects.
(6) The Nevada Test Site can support the stewardship of the
Nation's nuclear weapons stockpile, the nonproliferation of
nuclear weapons, and the technological competitiveness of the
United States by providing the environment for nuclear and non-
nuclear test and demonstration experiments and projects for
government, industry, and academia.
(7) The Nevada Test Site can provide the infrastructure to
support industrial and civilian tests of environmentally
demanding projects and programs in addition to maintaining its
readiness capability in support of the nuclear arsenal.
(8) The Nevada Test Site can support the testing and
demonstration of environmental clean-up technologies by
government and industry.
(9) The Nevada Test Site can support the testing of
alternative and renewable energy sources for environmentally
clean and economically competitive replacements for traditional
fossil energy sources and uses in many parts of Nevada and in
the United States as a whole.
(10) The Nevada Test Site can provide support for
disarmament activities such as the demonstration of rocket
motor destruction technology and conventional munitions
destruction technology.
(11) The Nevada Test Site can support non-proliferation
experiments in disablement, nuclear forensics, sensors, and
verification and monitoring.
(12) The Nevada Test Site can support treaty-compliant
experiments for stockpile stewardship purposes.
(13) The size and remoteness of the Nevada Test Site make
the Nevada Test Site well-suited for a multitude of activities
associated with the restructuring of the United States
military.
(14) The Nevada Test Site can also support non-
proliferation, counter-proliferation, and counter-terrorism
activities.
SEC. 3. PURPOSES.
It is the purpose of this Act--
(1) to ensure full operational readiness of the underground
nuclear testing facilities and infrastructure of the Nevada
Test Site;
(2) to ensure an appropriate level of funds for such
readiness to be maintained;
(3) to create a National Test and Demonstration Center of
Excellence at the Nevada Test Site for the promotion of
disarmament, demilitarization, alternative and renewable energy
sources, the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons, counter-
proliferation of nuclear weapons, sensor development, and
environmentally sensitive technologies; and
(4) to ensure the availability of the Nevada Test Site,
within appropriate restrictions, for use by private-sector
industries seeking to make use of the inherent qualities that
make the Nevada Test Site the greatest outdoor laboratory in
the world.
SEC. 4. MAINTENANCE OF READINESS CAPABILITY OF NEVADA TEST SITE.
(a) Authorization of Appropriations.--
(1) In general.--The amount referred to in paragraph (2) is
hereby authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy
for fiscal year 1995 and each fiscal year thereafter to
maintain the operational readiness of the underground nuclear
testing facilities and infrastructure of the Nevada Test Site.
(2) Authorized amount.--The amount referred to in paragraph
(1) is not less than the amount appropriated to the Secretary
of Energy for fiscal year 1992 to maintain the operational
readiness of the underground nuclear testing facilities and
infrastructure of the Nevada Test Site.
(b) Staffing Levels.--The Secretary of Energy shall maintain a
staffing level at the Nevada Test Site that the Secretary considers
sufficient to carry out activities under this Act in addition to any
other activities conducted by the Department of Energy at the Nevada
Test Site.
(c) Infrastructure Assessments and Activities.--The Secretary of
Energy, through the Nevada Test Site Operations Office, shall carry out
any infrastructure assessments and activities necessary to accommodate
new projects and initiatives at the Nevada Test Site.
SEC. 5. NATIONAL TEST AND DEMONSTRATION CENTER OF EXCELLENCE.
(a) Establishment.--There is hereby established within the
Department of Energy a National Test and Demonstration Center of
Excellence (hereafter in this Act referred to as the ''Center''), to be
located at the Nevada Test Site, Nevada.
(b) Purpose.--It shall be the purpose of the Center to promote
disarmament, demilitarization, alternative and renewable energy
sources, the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons, counter-proliferation
of nuclear weapons, sensor development, and environmentally sensitive
technologies.
(c) Activities Related to Alternative and Renewable Energy
Sources.--The Center shall carry out the following testing and
demonstration activities that are related to alternative and renewable
energy sources:
(1) The characterization of solar and geothermal resources
at the Nevada Test Site.
(2) The development of alternative and renewable energy
sources, including, as a goal of the Center, the development
and completion of two 100-megawatt solar power plants by the
year 2000.
(3) The conduct of a National Alternative-Fueled Vehicles
Program, the objective of which shall be to demonstrate the
regional use of natural gas, electricity, and hydrogen as
vehicle fuels.
(d) Activities Related to Disarmament and Demilitarization.--The
Center shall carry out testing and demonstration activities that are
related to changes occurring in United States military as a result of
the end of the Cold War, including activities--
(1) that involve the demilitarization of large rocket motor
and conventional ordnance;
(2) that assist in disarmament and demilitarization,
generally; and
(3) that test and demonstrate the nonmilitary application
of technologies and resources the military application of which
has decreased or otherwise changed due to disarmament and
demilitarization.
(e) Activities Related to Nuclear Stockpile Stewardship.--The
Center shall carry out testing and demonstration activities related to
the stewardship of the nuclear stockpile of the United States. Such
activities shall include--
(1) the conduct of experiments that assist in monitoring
compliance with international agreements on the
nonproliferation of nuclear weapons;
(2) the provision of support to the Department of Energy
nuclear weapons complex;
(3) the conduct of programs for the Department of Energy
and the Department of Defense to develop simulator technologies
for nuclear weapons design and effects, including advanced
hydrodynamic simulators, inertial confinement fusion test
facilities, and nuclear weapons effects simulators; and
(4) the conduct of the stockpile stewardship program
established pursuant to section 3138 of the National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (107 Stat. 1946; Public
Law 103-160).
(f) Activities Related to Nonproliferation.--The Center shall carry
out experiments related to the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons,
including experiments with respect to disablement, nuclear forensics,
sensors, and verification and monitoring.
(g) Activities Related to Counter-Proliferation.--The Center shall
carry out experiments related to the counter-proliferation of nuclear
weapons.
(h) Activities Related to Environmental Technologies.--The Center
shall carry out testing and demonstration activities related to the
development of environmental technologies, including--
(1) the demonstration of technologies concerning the
remediation of toxic and hazardous chemicals; and
(2) the conduct of training activities pertaining to
emergency response to hazardous and toxic accidents and
emergencies.
(i) Other Activities.--The Center may carry out the testing and
demonstration of any other technology which, in the determination of
the Secretary of Energy, is appropriate for testing and demonstration
at the Nevada Test Site.
SEC. 6. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
Except as provided in section 4, there is authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary of Energy for fiscal year 1997 such sums
as may be necessary to carry out this Act.
Ex Output:
National Center for Excellence in Research and Development Act of 1996 - Authorizes appropriations to the Secretary of Energy for FY 1995 and beyond to maintain the operational readiness of the underground nuclear testing facilities and infrastructure of the Nevada Test Site.
Establishes within the Department of Energy a national Test and Demonstration Center of Excellence at the Nevada Test Site, Nevada, to implement testing and demonstration activities related to: (1) certain alternative and renewable energy sources, including solar and geothermal energy, as well as natural gas, electricity, and hydrogen as components of a National Alternative-Fueled Vehicles Program; (2) certain changes in the U.S. military as a result of the end of the Cold War, including demilitarization and disarmament activities and the nonmilitary application of military technologies and resources; (3) stewardship of the Federal nuclear stockpile; (4) non-proliferation and counter-proliferation of nuclear weapons; and (5) development of certain environmental technologies, including technologies for remediation of toxic and hazardous chemicals, and activities pertaining to emergency response to hazardous and toxic accidents.
Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ''Simon Wiesenthal Holocaust Education
Assistance Act''.
SEC. 2. HOLOCAUST EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM.
Part A of title IV of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of
1965 (20 U.S.C. 7111 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the
following:
''Subpart 3--Holocaust Education Assistance Program
''SEC. 4131. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.
''(a) Findings.--The Congress finds the following:
''(1) The Holocaust was a historical event that resulted in
the systemic, state-sponsored, mass murders by Nazi Germany of
6,000,000 Jews, along with millions of others, in the name of
racial purity.
''(2) Eight States (California, Florida, Illinois, Indiana,
Michigan, New Jersey, New York, and Rhode Island) now mandate
that the Holocaust be taught in the educational curriculum, and
12 States (Alabama, Connecticut, Georgia, Mississippi,
Missouri, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina,
Tennessee, Washington, and West Virginia) recommend teaching
the Holocaust but the funds necessary to carry out those
recommendations may not be available.
''(3) The Holocaust is a sensitive and difficult subject to
teach effectively, and educators need appropriate teaching
tools and training to increase their knowledge of the Holocaust
and enhance the educational experience.
''(b) Statement of Purpose.--It is the purpose of this subpart--
''(1) to educate students in the United States so that
they--
''(A) may explore the lessons that the Holocaust
provides for all people; and
''(B) may be less susceptible to the falsehood of
Holocaust denial and to the destructive messages of
hate that arise from Holocaust denial; and
''(2) to provide resources and support for educational
programs that--
''(A) portray accurate historical information about
the Holocaust;
''(B) sensitize communities to the circumstances
that gave rise to the Holocaust;
''(C) convey the lessons that the Holocaust
provides for all people; and
''(D) develop curriculum guides and provide
training to help teachers incorporate the study of the
Holocaust and its lessons into mainstream disciplines.
''SEC. 4132. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.
''(a) In General.--From funds made available under subsection (c),
the Secretary is authorized to award grants to educational
organizations to carry out proposed or existing Holocaust educational
programs.
''(b) Contract With Nonprofit.--The Secretary is authorized to
enter into a contract with a nonprofit organization exempt from
taxation under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
under which the organization will encourage, accept, and administer
voluntary private donations and gifts of money from individuals,
corporations, foundations and other donors for the purpose of funding
the activities under this subpart. A donation may not be accepted in
exchange for a commitment to the donor on the part of the Secretary or
which attaches conditions inconsistent with applicable laws and
regulations or that is conditioned upon or will require the expenditure
of appropriated funds that are not available to the Department, or
which compromises a criminal or civil position of the United States or
any of its departments or agencies or the administrative authority of
any agency of the United States. The Secretary shall ensure that such
contract contains provisions setting forth the criteria to be used in
determining whether the solicitation or acceptance of a donation is
prohibited because the donation would reflect unfavorably upon the
ability of the Department, or any official or employee of the
Department, to carry out its responsibilities or official duties in a
fair and objective manner, or would compromise the integrity or the
appearance of the integrity of its programs or any official or employee
involved in those programs.
''(c) Use of Funds.--The Secretary is authorized to accept
donations of money from the nonprofit described in subsection (b). Such
funds shall be deposited in a special fund established in the Treasury
of the United States titled 'Holocaust Education Assistance Program
Account' and shall remain available to the Secretary until expended, to
the extent provided in advance in appropriations Acts, to carry out
this subpart.
''SEC. 4133. APPLICATION.
''The Secretary may award a grant under this subpart only to an
educational organization that has submitted an application to the
Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information
as the Secretary may require.
''SEC. 4134. USE OF GRANTS.
''(a) In General.--An educational organization receiving a grant
under this subpart may use the grant only to carry out the Holocaust
education program for which the grant was provided.
''(b) Requirements.--An educational organization receiving a grant
under this subpart shall comply with the following requirements:
''(1) Continuation of eligibility.--The educational
organization shall, throughout the period that the educational
organization receives and uses the grant, continue to be an
educational organization.
''(2) Supplementation of existing funds.--The educational
organization shall ensure that the grant is used to supplement,
and not supplant, non-Federal funds that would otherwise be
available to the educational organization to carry out the
Holocaust education program for which the grant was provided.
''(c) Additional Conditions.--The Secretary may require additional
terms and conditions in connection with the use of grants provided
under this subpart as the Secretary considers appropriate.
''(d) Cooperative Arrangements.--The Secretary should encourage
educational organizations to work cooperatively with State educational
agencies or local educational agencies in applying for and using grants
under this subpart.
''SEC. 4135. SELECTION CRITERIA.
''(a) In General.--The Secretary shall award grants under this
subpart in accordance with competitive criteria to be established by
the Secretary.
''(b) Consultation With Holocaust Educators.--In establishing the
competitive criteria under subsection (a), the Secretary shall consult
with a number of prominent educators in the field of Holocaust
education, to be determined by the Secretary.
''SEC. 4136. REVIEW AND SANCTIONS.
''(a) Annual Review.--The Secretary shall review at least annually
each educational organization receiving a grant under this subpart to
determine the extent to which the educational organization has complied
with the provisions of this subpart and the regulations issued under
this subpart.
''(b) Imposition of Sanctions.--The Secretary may impose one or
more sanctions, to be determined by the Secretary, on an educational
organization for the failure of the educational organization to comply
substantially with the provisions of this subpart or the regulations
issued under this subpart.
''SEC. 4137. ANNUAL REPORT.
''Not later than February 1 of each year, the Secretary shall
submit to the Congress a report describing the activities carried out
under this subpart and containing any related information that the
Secretary considers appropriate.
''SEC. 4138. DEFINITIONS.
''In this subpart:
''(1) Educational organization.--The term 'educational
organization' means an entity--
''(A) described in section 501(c)(3) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986;
''(B) exempt from tax under section 501(a) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986; and
''(C) organized and operated for cultural,
literary, or educational purposes.
''(2) Holocaust education program.--The term 'Holocaust
education program' means a program that--
''(A) has as its specific and primary purpose to
improve awareness and understanding of the Holocaust;
and
''(B) to achieve such purpose, furnishes one or
more of the following:
''(i) Educational materials.
''(ii) Student and school-based activities,
including field trips.
''(iii) Teacher training.
''(iv) Any other good or service designed
to improve awareness and understanding of the
Holocaust.
''(3) Holocaust.--The term 'Holocaust' means the systemic,
state-sponsored, mass murders by Nazi Germany of 6,000,000
Jews, and millions of others, in the name of racial purity.
''SEC. 4139. REGULATIONS.
''The Secretary shall issue any regulations necessary to carry out
this subpart.''.
SEC. 3. CLERICAL AMENDMENT.
The table of contents of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act
of 1965 is amended by adding after the item relating to section 4121
the following:
''Subpart 3--Holocaust Education Assistance Program
''Sec. 4131. Findings and purposes.
''Sec. 4132. Program authorized.
''Sec. 4133. Application.
''Sec. 4134. Use of grants.
''Sec. 4135. Selection criteria.
''Sec. 4136. Review and sanctions.
''Sec. 4137. Annual report.
''Sec. 4138. Definitions.
''Sec. 4139. Regulations.''.
Ex Output:
Simon Wiesenthal Holocaust Education Assistance Act This bill amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to authorize the Department of Education (ED) to award competitive grants to educational organizations to carry out proposed or existing Holocaust education programs. ED may contract with a nonprofit organization to encourage, accept, and administer private donations and gifts for funding the education programs. Grants may not be used to supplant nonfederal funds the grantees would otherwise have used for Holocaust education programs.
Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; ETC.
(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ''Transportation and
Regional Infrastructure Project Bonds Act of 2011'' or ''TRIP Bonds
Act''.
(b) References to Internal Revenue Code of 1986.--Except as
otherwise expressly provided, whenever in this Act an amendment or
repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or repeal of, a
section or other provision, the reference shall be considered to be
made to a section or other provision of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.
(a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
(1) Our Nation's highways, transit systems, railroads,
ports, and inland waterways drive our economy, enabling all
industries to achieve growth and productivity that makes
America strong and prosperous.
(2) The establishment, maintenance, and improvement of the
national transportation network is a national priority, for
economic, environmental, energy, security, and other reasons.
(3) The ability to move people and goods is critical to
maintaining State, metropolitan, rural, and local economies.
(4) The construction of infrastructure requires the skills
of numerous occupations, including those in the contracting,
engineering, planning and design, materials supply,
manufacturing, distribution, and safety industries.
(5) Investing in transportation infrastructure creates
long-term capital assets for the Nation that will help the
United States address its enormous infrastructure needs and
improve its economic productivity.
(6) Investment in transportation infrastructure creates
jobs and spurs economic activity to put people back to work and
stimulate the economy.
(7) Every billion dollars in transportation investment has
the potential to create up to 30,000 jobs.
(8) Every dollar invested in the Nation's transportation
infrastructure yields at least $5.70 in economic benefits
because of reduced delays, improved safety, and reduced vehicle
operating costs.
(9) Numerous experts have noted that the estimated cost to
maintain and improve our Nation's highways, bridges, and other
critical transportation infrastructure significantly exceeds
what is currently being provided by all levels of government.
(b) Purpose.--The purpose of this Act is to provide financing for
additional transportation infrastructure capital investments.
SEC. 3. CREDIT TO HOLDERS OF TRIP BONDS.
(a) In General.--Subpart I of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1
is amended by adding at the end the following new section:
''SEC. 54G. TRIP BONDS.
''(a) TRIP Bond.--For purposes of this subpart, the term 'TRIP
bond' means any bond issued as part of an issue if--
''(1) 100 percent of the available project proceeds of such
issue are to be used for expenditures incurred after the date
of the enactment of this section for 1 or more qualified
projects pursuant to an allocation of such proceeds to such
project or projects by a State infrastructure bank,
''(2) the bond is issued by a State infrastructure bank and
is in registered form (within the meaning of section 149(a)),
''(3) the State infrastructure bank designates such bond
for purposes of this section,
''(4) the term of each bond which is part of such issue
does not exceed 30 years,
''(5) the issue meets the requirements of subsection (e),
''(6) the State infrastructure bank certifies that it meets
the State contribution requirement of subsection (h) with
respect to such project, as in effect on the date of issuance,
and
''(7) the State infrastructure bank certifies the State
meets the requirement described in subsection (i).
''(b) Qualified Project.--For purposes of this section, the term
'qualified project' means the capital improvements to any
transportation infrastructure project of any governmental unit or other
person, including roads, bridges, rail and transit systems, ports, and
inland waterways proposed and approved by a State infrastructure bank,
but does not include costs of operations or maintenance with respect to
such project.
''(c) Applicable Credit Rate.--In lieu of section 54A(b)(3), for
purposes of section 54A(b)(2), the applicable credit rate with respect
to an issue under this section is the rate equal to an average market
yield (as of the day before the date of sale of the issue) on
outstanding long-term corporate debt obligations (determined in such
manner as the Secretary prescribes).
''(d) Limitation on Amount of Bonds Designated.--
''(1) In general.--The maximum aggregate face amount of
bonds which may be designated under subsection (a) by any State
infrastructure bank shall not exceed the TRIP bond limitation
amount allocated to such bank under paragraph (3).
''(2) National limitation amount.--There is a TRIP bond
limitation amount for each calendar year. Such limitation
amount is--
''(A) $5,000,000,000 for 2011,
''(B) $5,000,000,000 for 2012,
''(C) $10,000,000,000 for 2013,
''(D) $10,000,000,000 for 2014,
''(E) $10,000,000,000 for 2015,
''(F) $10,000,000,000 for 2016, and
''(G) except as provided in paragraph (4), zero
thereafter.
''(3) Allocations to states.--The TRIP bond limitation
amount for each calendar year shall be allocated by the
Secretary among the States such that each State is allocated 2
percent of such amount.
''(4) Carryover of unused issuance limitation.--If for any
calendar year the TRIP bond limitation amount under paragraph
(2) exceeds the amount of TRIP bonds issued during such year,
such excess shall be carried forward to 1 or more succeeding
calendar years as an addition to the TRIP bond limitation
amount under paragraph (2) for such succeeding calendar year
and until used by issuance of TRIP bonds.
''(e) Special Rules Relating to Expenditures.--
''(1) In general.--An issue shall be treated as meeting the
requirements of this subsection if, as of the date of issuance,
the State infrastructure bank reasonably expects--
''(A) at least 100 percent of the available project
proceeds of such issue are to be spent for 1 or more
qualified projects within the 5-year expenditure period
beginning on such date,
''(B) to incur a binding commitment with a third
party to spend at least 10 percent of the proceeds of
such issue, or to commence construction, with respect
to such projects within the 12-month period beginning
on such date, and
''(C) to proceed with due diligence to complete
such projects and to spend the proceeds of such issue.
''(2) Rules regarding continuing compliance after 5-year
determination.--To the extent that less than 100 percent of the
available project proceeds of such issue are expended by the
close of the 5-year expenditure period beginning on the date of
issuance, the State infrastructure bank shall redeem all of the
nonqualified bonds within 90 days after the end of such period.
For purposes of this paragraph, the amount of the nonqualified
bonds required to be redeemed shall be determined in the same
manner as under section 142.
''(f) Recapture of Portion of Credit Where Cessation of
Compliance.--If any bond which when issued purported to be a TRIP bond
ceases to be such a bond, the State infrastructure bank shall pay to
the United States (at the time required by the Secretary) an amount
equal to the sum of--
''(1) the aggregate of the credits allowable under section
54A with respect to such bond (determined without regard to
section 54A(c)) for taxable years ending during the calendar
year in which such cessation occurs and each succeeding
calendar year ending with the calendar year in which such bond
is redeemed by the bank, and
''(2) interest at the underpayment rate under section 6621
on the amount determined under paragraph (1) for each calendar
year for the period beginning on the first day of such calendar
year.
''(g) TRIP Bonds Trust Account.--
''(1) In general.--The following amounts shall be held in a
TRIP Bonds Trust Account:
''(A) The proceeds from the sale of all bonds
issued under this section.
''(B) The investment earnings on proceeds from the
sale of such bonds.
''(C) The amount described in paragraph (2).
''(D) Any earnings on any amounts described in
subparagraph (A), (B), or (C).
''(2) Appropriation of revenues.--There is hereby
transferred to the TRIP Bonds Trust Account an amount equal to
the lesser of--
''(A) the revenues resulting from the imposition of
fees pursuant to section 13031 of the Consolidated
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (19 U.S.C.
58c) for fiscal years beginning after September 30,
2011, or
''(B) $50,000,000,000.
''(3) Use of funds.--Amounts in the TRIP Bonds Trust
Account may be used only to pay costs of qualified projects and
redeem TRIP bonds, except that amounts withdrawn from the TRIP
Bonds Trust Account to pay costs of qualified projects may not
exceed the proceeds from the sale of TRIP bonds described in
subsection (a)(1).
''(4) Use of remaining funds in trip bonds trust account.--
Upon the redemption of all TRIP bonds issued under this
section, any remaining amounts in the TRIP Bonds Trust Account
shall be available to pay the costs of any qualified project.
''(5) Applicability of federal law.--The requirements of
any Federal law, including titles 23, 40, and 49 of the United
States Code, which would otherwise apply to projects to which
the United States is a party or to funds made available under
such law and projects assisted with those funds shall apply
to--
''(A) funds made available under the TRIP Bonds
Trust Account for similar qualified projects, including
contributions required under subsection (h), and
''(B) similar qualified projects assisted through
the use of such funds.
''(6) Investment.--Subject to subsections (e) and (f), it
shall be the duty of the Secretary to invest in investment
grade obligations such portion of the TRIP Bonds Trust Account
as is not, in the judgment of the Secretary, required to meet
current withdrawals. To the maximum extent practicable,
investments should be made in securities that support
infrastructure investment at the State and local level.
''(h) State Contribution Requirements.--
''(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a)(6), the
State contribution requirement of this subsection is met with
respect to any qualified project if the Secretary has received
from 1 or more States, not later than the date of issuance of
the bond, written commitments for matching contributions of not
less than 20 percent (or such smaller percentage as determined
under title 23, United States Code, for such State) of the cost
of the qualified project.
''(2) State matching contributions may not include federal
funds.--For purposes of this subsection, State matching
contributions shall not be derived, directly or indirectly,
from Federal funds, including any transfers from the Highway
Trust Fund under section 9503.
''(i) Utilization of Updated Construction Technology for Qualified
Projects.--For purposes of subsection (a)(7), the requirement of this
subsection is met if the appropriate State agency relating to the
qualified project is utilizing updated construction technologies.
''(j) Other Definitions and Special Rules.--For purposes of this
section--
''(1) State infrastructure bank.--
''(A) In general.--The term 'State infrastructure
bank' means a State infrastructure bank established
under section 610 of title 23, United States Code, and
includes a joint venture among 2 or more State
infrastructure banks.
''(B) Special authority.--Notwithstanding any other
provision of law, a State infrastructure bank shall be
authorized to perform any of the functions necessary to
carry out the purposes of this section, including the
making of direct grants to qualified projects from
available project proceeds of TRIP bonds issued by such
bank.
''(2) Credits may be transferred.--Nothing in any law or
rule of law shall be construed to limit the transferability of
the credit or bond allowed by this section through sale and
repurchase agreements.
''(3) Prohibition on use of highway trust fund.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no funds derived
from the Highway Trust Fund established under section 9503
shall be used to pay for credits under this section.''.
(b) Conforming Amendments.--
(1) Paragraph (1) of section 54A(d) of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986 is amended--
(A) by striking ''or'' at the end of subparagraph
(D),
(B) by inserting ''or'' at the end of subparagraph
(E),
(C) by inserting after subparagraph (E) the
following new subparagraph:
''(F) a TRIP bond,'', and
(D) by inserting ''(paragraphs (3), (4), and (6),
in the case of a TRIP bond)'' after ''and (6)''.
(2) Subparagraph (C) of section 54A(d)(2) of such Code is
amended by striking ''and'' at the end of clause (iv), by
striking the period at the end of clause (v) and inserting '',
and'', and by adding at the end the following new clause:
''(vi) in the case of a TRIP bond, a
purpose specified in section 54G(a)(1).''.
(c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subpart I of
part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new item:
''Sec. 54G. TRIP bonds.''.
(d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to bonds issued after the date of the enactment of this Act.
SEC. 4. ADDITIONAL REVENUES THROUGH EXTENSION OF CUSTOMS USER FEES.
Section 13031(j)(3) of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget
Reconciliation Act of 1985 (19 U.S.C. 58c(j)(3)), as amended by the
Omnibus Trade Act of 2010, is amended--
(1) by striking ''January 7, 2020'' in subparagraph (A) and
inserting ''January 7, 2048'', and
(2) by striking ''January 14, 2020'' in subparagraph (B)(i)
and inserting ''January 14, 2048''.
Ex Output: | Transportation and Regional Infrastructure Project Bonds Act of 2011 or TRIP Bonds Act - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow an income tax credit for any TRIP bond issued by a state infrastructure bank as part of an issue, if 100% of the available project proceeds from such issue are to be used for expenditures incurred for one or more qualified projects. Requires proceeds from the sale of bonds issued under this Act to be held in a TRIP Bonds Trust Account.
Defines "qualified project" as the capital improvements to any transportation infrastructure project (including roads, bridges, rail and transit systems, ports, and inland waterways) proposed and approved by a state infrastructure bank.
Amends the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 to extend certain customs fees for the processing of merchandise entered into the United States through specified dates in 2048. | fc-sni-billsum | 0 | a2c3fc91eed9b2b383ad52dbf9d8055524899ac0fe5d5d46d50e780f09bb97e6 |
TASK DEFINITION: The input is a tweet which can be classified as Hate Speech, Offensive or Normal. Given such a tweet, output the class the tweet belongs to. Hate Speech will contain threatening language towards the community targeted. Offensive language will contain abusive or discriminatory language towards the community targeted.
PROBLEM: little boys and little girls are being raped by pedophilles in the elite circles also muslims that why the pedophiles in the government support the muslims for they r pedophilles also sicko perverts
SOLUTION: Offensive
PROBLEM: upon successfully destroying europe and establishing berlin seat of european communist aka jew control while occupying israhell jews position themselves for complete takeover of us
SOLUTION: Hate Speech
PROBLEM: <user> do you think this is a fucking game
SOLUTION: | Normal | fc-sni-hatexplain | 0 | 89a3cb3c2f0b0d0d4dfbc2b43c17683ac36c19603509aac850ee99e76706df45 |
You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage.
Q: Passage: The ceiling light in my kitchen started to flicker.It was time to change the light bulb . A new package of bulbs was in the junk drawer . Since I only needed 1 bulb I pulled it out and put the package back . I placed the bulb on the back shelf along with a paper towel . Of course , I made sure the light switch was off so I would not be shocked . I climbed the ladder and carefully unscrewed the cover , setting it down on the back shelf . The new bulb screwed in easily . I wiped the cover with my towel and screwed it back , as well . I climbed down the ladder , put it away and disposed of the bulb and towel.When I flipped the switch the bulb came on without a flicker . Question: What did they set down? Option1: a bulb and a paper towel Option2: The drawer
A: a bulb and a paper towel
****
Q: Passage: Sometimes we have to go to court for various reasons . It is important that you go to court on the date and time specified . I had to attend court for a speeding fine I had accrued a long time ago . I had to be there early one morning . I went down to the courthouse , dressed in a suit and made sure that I looked clean and respectable . The judge called my case number and I stood up , she asked if I had representation and I said that I did not and that I would be representing myself . I told her that I had never received the summons or the fine and so did n't know I had to pay a fine . Eventually we talked it through and the judge made it that I only had to pay the original $ 65 for my first infringement . All in all my court day went smoothly and I was happy to be leaving at the end of the day . Question: What did the judge do? Option1: Allowed the person to pay only the original fine Option2: cried
A: Allowed the person to pay only the original fine
****
Q: Passage: I was sight seeing and wanted to take some pictures , so I brought my camera with me . At the first sight I got my camera out of the case , took off the lens cap , turned it on , and looked through the viewfinder . Before I could even focus on the scenery , I noticed the red " low battery " light blinking on the screen . I turned the camera back off , and dug around in the camera bag to find a new battery which had a full charge . I was careful to look at the direction in which I took it out , because sometimes I forget the right way to insert the new battery , even though there is a diagram on the inside of the compartment . I placed the old battery back in my camera bag , and then I inserted the new battery into the compartment . I clicked the cover back in place and turned the camera back on . When I looked through the viewfinder this time , I had a full battery and was ready to take all the pictures I could want ! Question: What did the person remove out of the camera? Option1: new battery Option2: old battery
A: | old battery
**** | fc-sni-mcscript | 0 | c1670fb2cf116304f2a7e33654304c5cbb3e88a281a9b131a772dbfddf9eec9c |
TASK DEFINITION: Classify the given a piece of financial news into three classes: positive, negative, and neutral. Output must be 'positive', 'negative', or 'neutral'.
PROBLEM: '' The flex is a small price to pay for happy lenders . ''
SOLUTION: neutral
PROBLEM: Editor 's note : Grimaldi generated a 1.7 bln euro ( $ 2.182 bln ) turnover in 2005 , ANSA reported on May 29 , 2006 .
SOLUTION: neutral
PROBLEM: Turnover surged to EUR61 .8 m from EUR47 .6 m due to increasing service demand , especially in the third quarter , and the overall growth of its business .
SOLUTION: | positive | fc-sni-financial_phrasebank | 0 | 26d4d11729b66f14132e04511bbb2418c0651a0755da87dcc7dbf2605f7beff5 |
In this task, the input is a set of dialogues between a user and an assistant. You need to find the dialogue that is basically a response given to a question or an aspect of the user.
after apartheid ended, south africa was readmitted to the commonwealth of nations
I would like to know about South Africa
Really!! I didn't knew that, any more information regarding Demographics
I would be glad to help. Are you interested in politics & govt?
Anything interesting about this place | after apartheid ended, south africa was readmitted to the commonwealth of nations | fc-sni-curiosity_dialogs | 0 | 6ee03f02bddbba4535986c7945b566dbdc52f40449a61d90449a5b284ff90f80 |
Detailed Instructions: Given reviews from Amazon, classify those review based on their content into two classes: Negative or Positive.
Q: Bill Nichols is full of words and empty of thought. You need a machete to slash through the tangled sentences in this book, and what you'll find beneath are simplistic, flawed ideas that aren't developed but buried under more verbiage. Nichols stitches suffixes and prefixes to ordinary nouns, creating monsters like "situatedness," "hyperrationality," "reconceptualization," "polyvocality," "relationality," "talismanic"(!), and the pseudo-literate's favorite word of all: "juxtaposition." Each of those words costs as much time to understand as a whole chapter of Erik Barnouw's book (which is succinct, informative and even humorous). Mr. Nichols should be sealed in a cave and his books slung into outer space, for they pollute the body of film knowledge. Don't buy "Representing Reality" unless you want to know how confused Mr. Nichols's reality is.
A: | Negative | fc-sni-amazon_polarity | 0 | c2c68f3050e8766bdd321f05ad199dc3a2b193f27d2ebeaf30682c5cfc6d94e3 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.
Planning in high-dimensional space remains a challenging problem, even with recent advances in algorithms and computational power. We are inspired by efference copy and sensory reafference theory from neuroscience. Our aim is to allow agents to form mental models of their environments for planning. The cerebellum is emulated with a two-stream, fully connected, predictor network. The network receives as inputs the efference as well as the features of the current state. Building on insights gained from knowledge distillation methods, we choose as our features the outputs of a pre-trained network, yielding a compressed representation of the current state. The representation is chosen such that it allows for fast search using classical graph search algorithms. We display the effectiveness of our approach on a viewpoint-matching task using a modified best-first search algorithm. | We present a neuroscience-inspired method based on neural networks for latent space search | fc-sni-scitldr | 0 | dfcf6a2389cc2ffaaaf18a594daaee47c8d452f7152894bdc9c94b1d08a8173a |
Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Example Input: Context: Androgen-independent prostate cancer is today an incurable disease, but increased understanding of the mechanisms for the transition into an androgen-independent state may increase the possibilities for more efficient strategies in the future.', 'An androgen-independent subline, LNCaP-19, to the androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell line LNCaP was developed in vitro under standard culture conditions. The characteristics of LNCaP-19 regarding androgen responsiveness, PSA, and VEGF secretion was studied in vitro. The growth in vivo and the microvessel density (MVD) of the tumors were studied after inoculation in nude mice.', 'LNCaP-19 grows equally well in dextran-charcoal stripped FBS (DCC-FBS) as in normal FBS, and rapidly gives rise to tumors in both intact and castrated mice, indicating a true androgen-independent growth. The PSA secretion from LNCaP-19 cells was lower than from LNCaP cells, while the VEGF level was comparable to the secretion from LNCaP cells without androgen stimulation. The MVD was increased in the LNCaP-19 tumors, and the vessels also displayed a changed morphology with exclusively small microvessels without lumen.
Answer: LNCaP-19 shows characteristics resembling those of androgen-independent prostate cancer. An increased MVD and changed vessel morphology in the tumor, makes it an interesting model system for studies regarding angiogenesis in the context of the acquisition of androgen independence.
Example Output: Is transition of an androgen-dependent human prostate cancer cell line into an androgen-independent subline associated with increased angiogenesis?
Example Input: Context: To test whether a brief mindfulness meditation training intervention buffers self-reported psychological and neuroendocrine responses to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) in young adult volunteers. A second objective evaluates whether pre-existing levels of dispositional mindfulness moderate the effects of brief mindfulness meditation training on stress reactivity.', 'Sixty-six (N=66) participants were randomly assigned to either a brief 3-day (25-min per day) mindfulness meditation training or an analytic cognitive training control program. All participants completed a standardized laboratory social-evaluative stress challenge task (the TSST) following the third mindfulness meditation or cognitive training session. Measures of psychological (stress perceptions) and biological (salivary cortisol, blood pressure) stress reactivity were collected during the social evaluative stress-challenge session.', 'Brief mindfulness meditation training reduced self-reported psychological stress reactivity but increased salivary cortisol reactivity to the TSST, relative to the cognitive training comparison program. Participants who were low in pre-existing levels of dispositional mindfulness and then received mindfulness meditation training had the greatest cortisol reactivity to the TSST. No significant main or interactive effects were observed for systolic or diastolic blood pressure reactivity to the TSST.
Answer: The present study provides an initial indication that brief mindfulness meditation training buffers self-reported psychological stress reactivity, but also increases cortisol reactivity to social evaluative stress. This pattern may indicate that initially brief mindfulness meditation training fosters greater active coping efforts, resulting in reduced psychological stress appraisals and greater cortisol reactivity during social evaluative stressors.
Example Output: Does brief mindfulness meditation training alter psychological and neuroendocrine responses to social evaluative stress?
Example Input: Context: Noninvasive pacemaker stress echocardiography is a newly introduced method for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease in patients with a permanent pacemaker. The prognostic value of pacemaker stress echocardiography has not been studied.', 'We studied 136 patients (mean age 64+/-12 years) with a permanent pacemaker who underwent pacemaker stress echocardiography for evaluation of coronary artery disease. All patients underwent pacemaker stress echocardiography by external programming (pacing heart rate up to ischemia or target heart rate).', 'Thirty-one patients (23%) had normal study results. Ischemia was detected in 75 patients (55%). During a mean follow-up of 3.5+/-2.4 years, 35 deaths (26%) (20 the result of cardiac causes) and 2 nonfatal myocardial infarctions (1%) occurred. The annual cardiac death rate was 1.3% in patients without ischemia and 4.6% in patients with ischemia (P=.01). The annual all-cause mortality rate was 3.1% in patients without ischemia and 7% in patients with ischemia (P=.004). The presence of ischemia during pacemaker stress echocardiography was the strongest independent predictor of cardiac death (hazard ratio 4.1, confidence interval 1.2-14.5) and all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 2.7, confidence interval 1.2-6.0) in a multivariable model.
Answer: Myocardial ischemia during pacemaker stress echocardiography is an independent predictor of cardiac death and all-cause mortality in patients with a permanent pacemaker.
Example Output: | Does pacemaker stress echocardiography predict cardiac events in patients with permanent pacemaker? | fc-sni-pubmed_qa | 0 | 456788c9e45c0e7be015f58b221236f0e8fd9a5cca73c712b757843886fb978c |
In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Four Massachusetts-type (Mass-type) strains of infectious bronchitis coronavirus (IBV) were compared genetically with the pathogenic M41 and H120 vaccine strains using the complete genomic sequences. The results revealed that strains ck/CH/LNM/091017 and ck/CH/LDL/101212 were closely related to the H120 vaccine, which suggests that they might represent re-isolations of vaccine strains or variants of vaccine strains that have resulted from the accumulated point mutations after several passages in chickens. In contrast, strains ck/CH/LHLJ/07VII and ck/CH/LHLJ/100902 had a close genetic relationship with the pathogenic M41 strain. In addition, molecular markers have been identified that distinguish between field and vaccine (or vaccine-like) Mass-type viruses, which may be able to differentiate between field and vaccine strains for diagnostic purposes. Phylogenetic analysis, and pairwise comparison of full-length genomes and the nine genes, identified the occurrence of recombination events in the genome of strain CK/VH/LHLJ/07VII, which suggests that this virus originated from recombination events between M41-and H120-like strains at the switch site located at the 3 0 end of the nucleocapsid (N) genes. To our knowledge, this is the first time that evidence for the evolution and natural recombination under field conditions between Mass-type pathogenic and vaccinal IBV strains has been documented. These findings provide insights into the emergence and evolution of the Mass-type IB coronaviruses and may help to explain the emergence of Mass-type IBV in chicken flocks all over the world.
Comparative analysis of four Massachusetts type infectious bronchitis coronavirus genomes reveals a novel Massachusetts type strain and evidence of natural recombination in the genome
Computational (in silico) methods have been developed and widely applied to pharmacology hypothesis development and testing. These in silico methods include databases, quantitative structure-activity relationships, similarity searching, pharmacophores, homology models and other molecular modeling, machine learning, data mining, network analysis tools and data analysis tools that use a computer. Such methods have seen frequent use in the discovery and optimization of novel molecules with affinity to a target, the clarification of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity properties as well as physicochemical characterization. The first part of this review discussed the methods that have been used for virtual ligand and target-based screening and profiling to predict biological activity. The aim of this second part of the review is to illustrate some of the varied applications of in silico methods for pharmacology in terms of the targets addressed. We will also discuss some of the advantages and disadvantages of in silico methods with respect to in vitro and in vivo methods for pharmacology research. Our conclusion is that the in silico pharmacology paradigm is ongoing and presents a rich array of opportunities that will assist in expediating the discovery of new targets, and ultimately lead to compounds with predicted biological activity for these novel targets.
In silico pharmacology for drug discovery: applications to targets and beyond
There is an urgent need to develop effective vaccines against pneumonic plague, a highly lethal and contagious disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis. Here we demonstrate that a novel DNA vaccine expressing a modified V antigen (LcrV) of Y. pestis, with a human tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) signal sequence, elicited strong V-specific antibody responses in BALB/c mice. This tPA-V DNA vaccine protected mice from intranasal challenge with lethal doses of Y. pestis. In comparison, a DNA vaccine expressing the wild type V antigen was much less effective. Only tPA-V formed oligomers spontaneously, and elicited a higher IgG2a anti-V antibody response in immunized mice, suggesting increased T H 1 type cellular immune response. Our data indicate that antigen engineering is effective in inducing high quality protective immune responses against conformationally sensitive antigens. These results support that optimized DNA vaccines have the potential to protect against bacterial pathogens than is generally recognized. | A DNA vaccine producing LcrV antigen in oligomers is effective in protecting mice from lethal mucosal challenge of plague | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 705a2466f9f1a758ed2dc1c3d1d4681fa6151848da8939815a49c98df80df8ba |
Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
Personality: I've an internship at a computer company.
I like to go fishing.
My mom is a lawyer.
I am a student.
I have 5 children.
Chat history: -Hi, how has your weekend been?
-Pretty relaxing. My five kids were out of the house this weekend. You?
-It was great, my husband and I re decorated our bathroom.
-Fun! I was able to catch up on homework. I am back in school, ugh.
-Oh work work work! Ll I did quite a bit of house work this weekend too.
-Thankfully my kids are good at helping, or I'd never get a chance to fish.
-That is great! We have been married with out children for eight years.
-Sounds relaxing! He he he. do you like fishing or any other hobbies?
-Yes, I like crafting and painting. | I like painting too. Do you work? I'm an intern for a computer company. | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | 9208fd89bc4d0eee1ee09ee241469c0107d4e4c5008a6aba91e79136b8bbe24f |
In this task you are given a medical question pair hand-generated. Your task is to classify a given post into two categories 1) 'Similar' if the given two questions have a same connotation 2) 'Dissimilar' if the given two questions have a different connotation or meaning.
Input: Consider Input: Sentence1: What are some good lumbar strain exercises?
Sentence2: Do exercises such as dead lifts strain the lumbar spine?
Output: Dissimilar
Input: Consider Input: Sentence1: I'm stressed about being pregnant and my period started getting light and short, could my stress cause this?
Sentence2: Can stress cause the period to last shorter? Or am I pregnant?
Output: Similar
Input: Consider Input: Sentence1: On mini pill. 35 day cycle of last menstrual period. 4 day menstruation. 2 days after bleeding ended feel like i'm ovulating, ache in lower right.
Sentence2: I am experiencing some ache in my right lower abdomen and it feels like ovulation pain. My period just ended 2 days ago. I am confused if ovulation occurs while on mini pills and if ovulation can occur 2 days after the period gets over. I am on mini pills and I have 35 days cycle and my period usually lasts 4 days. | Output: Similar | fc-sni-medical_question_pair_dataset | 0 | fe6114b6e9026062aa26976562c9284c0103eaa06bcd037f59627a7e187f868c |
Q: Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
Personality: I have gone 208 mph for for than 10 minutes.
I've never lost a fight.
I am a grown woman.
I've more then 10 tattoos.
Chat history: -Hi. I like to watch clouds.
-Hello, is that mean you likes the out doors.
-Yes! And shopping at Cosco. You?
-That nice, I like shopping at the mall.
-Cool. I flirt by staring at people.
A: | Ok, I spend a lots of time sewing. | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | 66e39c4acc477393c9051cfbfb22c47ac7293627ff93bcd6130ebe18a8cccf72 |
In this task, you're given a story (which contains five sentences only). Your task is to find all the characters which are available in the given story.
--------
Question: Sentence1: Jim got a brand new car. Sentence2: He had purchased the car off of his neighbor. Sentence3: The car needed an oil change. Sentence4: Jim took his car to the mechanic. Sentence5: After the oil change, his car ran like brand new.
Answer: Jim, Mechanic, Neighbor
Question: Sentence1: I was going home when i decided to take a bus. Sentence2: I was alone so a woman asked me if she could sit with me. Sentence3: Then i let her sit beside me. Sentence4: When i woke up the woman was gone. Sentence5: My bag was opened so i checked my phone and it was gone too.
Answer: I (myself), Woman
Question: Sentence1: Jill always sent her graphic designer instructions at the last minute. Sentence2: One day, she sent him a job that she needed by the end of the day. Sentence3: However, her graphic designer was out sick. Sentence4: The job didn't get done and Jill looked bad in front of the client. Sentence5: Jill never waited until the last minute again.
Answer: | Jill, Client, Graphic designer | fc-sni-storycommonsense | 0 | 0d67def9046fc8a33553974aa28b78b4a8868aeff6443f938b7b729b94cfc91a |
instruction:
In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot. You need to read the extract and create questions that can be answered from the extract. Once you create a question you also need to provide the correct answer for it. Write your answer like "Question: your question, Answer: your answer". The questions should be well-formed and grammatically correct. The questions should be completely answerable from the given passage and should not require any external knowledge. Subjective questions are not allowed. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred. Create questions that result in factoid answers. A simple rule of thumb to decide whether a question is a factoid or not is to see if two different people with average reading/comprehension skills would come up with the same answer after reading the passage.
question:
The story follows Naina Catherine Kapur, a pessimistic MBA student who lives in New York with her widowed mother, Jennifer 'Jenny' Kapur and two younger siblings Shiv and Gia, who was adopted. Jenny runs an unsuccessful restaurant alongside her neighbor to provide for her family. Jenny's mother-in-law, Lajjo, is cold towards Jenny and Gia, as she believes Gia's adoption is what led her son to commit suicide. Naina has two best friends; her classmate Rohit Patel and neighbor Jaspreet 'Sweetu' Kapoor. Her life is dull and shadowed by the loss of her father, until Aman Mathur moves in with his mother next door. His bubbly attitude and fun-loving ways convince Naina to improve her looks and live life to the fullest while he slowly starts solving the problems of Naina's family and friends, including revealing to the entire family that Gia is Naina and Shiv's half-sister. Aman helps Jenny's restaurant become successful, and his efforts cause Naina to realize that she loves him. Meanwhile, Rohit falls in love with Naina and asks Aman to help in proposing to her. When Naina tries to confess her feelings for Aman, he tells her that he is married to a woman named Priya. He says that Priya left for New York after a heated argument and he came to win her back. Heartbroken, Naina leaves without confessing and breaks down at the Brooklyn Bridge. It is then revealed that Aman is not married, and Priya is his doctor. Aman is a terminally-ill patient, suffering from a fatal cardiac disease, and his chances of surviving are extremely low because he needs a transplant. He lied to Naina and hid his love for her so that she can find love with Rohit, who will be there for her when Aman has died. With Aman's help, Rohit proposes to Naina, who reluctantly agrees. Their friendship blossoms into a loving relationship. While shopping with Rohit, Naina encounters Priya, whose husband Abhay reveals that Aman is terminally-ill. Shocked, Naina realizes that Aman sacrificed his love for her. She tearfully berates him for loving her so much and embraces him, as he tries to persuade her that he is happy. Rohit and Naina's wedding rituals begin, in which Aman and Naina tearfully participate. Promptly after the marriage, Aman is on his death bed and bids goodbye to everyone before he dies. Twenty years later, an elderly Naina recalls how Aman impacted their lives as she sits beside a grown-up Gia. They are joined by an aged Rohit, who reminds Naina that he loves her, and Priya, the couple's teenage daughter Ria.
answer:
Question: Who falls in love with Naina?, Answer: Rohit.
question:
Sang-man (Cha Tae-hyun) attempts to commit suicide by overdosing on pills, but fails. He then attempts to kill himself by jumping off a bridge and into a river, but is saved. Brought to the hospital, Sang-man awakens and sees a man smoking next to him. He tells the other hospital patrons, but no one believes him. During his stay in the hospital he eventually meets four ghosts. Meanwhile, Sang-man meets nurse Jung Yun-soo (Kang Ye-won) at the hospital and quickly falls in love.Sang-man is released from the hospital and the ghosts follow him back to his apartment. He attempts to politely ask the ghosts why they are there, but he doesn't get an answer. He decides to visit a shaman to get some help and to learn how to get rid of the ghosts. He is told that the ghosts are using his body to enter the world of the living so the ghosts can experience their unfulfilled desires. Sang-man tries to get rid of them, but ghosts haunt him everywhere he goes. Sang-man then attempts to help the ghosts fulfill their unrealized dreams to get them to leave him alone once and for all.One ghost, an old man, wants to return a camera to his friend. Another ghost, a fat smoker, wants to get his taxi back and drive it. He also uses Sang-man's body to swim at the beach. This leads to Sang-man being arrested, because he was caught driving without a license. Another ghost, a child, wants to watch a cartoon movie. The last ghost is a crying woman who wants to cook and to eat together with people she cares about. All these events also lead to Sang-man getting to know Yun-soo better.Yun-soo father's dies, and Sang-man is the last person he speaks with. Yun-soo is uncomfortable with this, and pushes Sang-man away until she realizes that Sang-man is telling the truth when she sees her father's last gift for her.Sang-man tells the ghosts to go away and blames them for Yun-soo's rejection. When he wakes up, the ghosts are gone. He goes to the hospital and asks Yun-soo out for lunch, and she accepts. She tells him that some people may lose their memories from extreme shock. As soon as Yun-soo asks about the parsley in the kimbap, Sang-man remembers that his mother used to put parsley in kimbap instead of spinach.Sang-man runs to his apartment, and on his way he remembers what has happened to him. His father was the smoker, his mother the lady, his grandfather the old man, and his older brother the kid. On a family trip, his father forgot to put gas in the car. The car stopped in the road, and was hit by a truck and pushed off a cliff. Sang-man is the only survivor of the accident, after which he lost his memory and grew up in an orphanage. Sang-man calls to them in his apartment. One by one they appear and explain that their wishes each had something to do with the promises they left for Sang-man, and helped him remember them. His mother apologizes for leaving him alone and says that they wanted Sang-man to live, and they will always be with him. At the end, it is revealed that it was his family that stopped Sang-man from committing suicide.
answer:
Question: How many ghosts did Sang-Ma see when he woke up?, Answer: Four
question:
Andrew Beckett (Tom Hanks) is a Senior Associate at the largest corporate law firm in Philadelphia. Beckett hides his homosexuality and his status as an AIDS patient from the other members of the law firm. On the day Beckett is assigned the firm's newest and most important case, a partner in the firm notices a lesion on Beckett's forehead. Although Beckett attributes the lesion to a racquetball injury, it is actually due to Kaposi's Sarcoma, a form of cancer marked by multiple tumors on the lymph nodes and skin.Shortly thereafter, Beckett stays home from work for several days to try to find a way to hide his lesions. While at home, he finishes the paperwork for the case he has been assigned and then brings it to his office, leaving instructions for his assistants to file the paperwork the following day, which marks the end of the statute of limitations for the case. Later that morning he receives a call asking for the paperwork, as the paper copy cannot be found and there are no copies on the computer's hard drive. The paperwork is finally discovered in an alternate location and is filed with the court at the last possible moment. The following day Beckett is fired by the firm's partners.Beckett believes that someone deliberately hid his paperwork to give the firm an excuse to fire him, and that the firing is actually as a result of his diagnosis with AIDS. He asks several attorneys to take his case, including personal injury lawyer Joe Miller (Denzel Washington). Miller knows little about AIDS and appears to be worried that he could contract Beckett's illness. After declining to take the case, Miller immediately visits his doctor to find out if he could have contracted the disease. The doctor explains that the routes of HIV infection do not include casual contact such as a business meeting.Unable to find a lawyer willing to represent him, Beckett is compelled to act as his own attorney. While researching a case at a law library, Miller sees Beckett at a nearby table. After a librarian announces that he has found a book on AIDS discrimination for Beckett, others in the library begin to first stare and then move away, and the librarian suggests Beckett retire to a private room. Disgusted by the other people's behavior, Miller approaches Beckett, reviews the material Beckett has gathered, and takes the case.As the case goes before the court, the partners of the firm take the stand, each claiming that Beckett was incompetent and that he had deliberately tried to hide his condition. The defense repeatedly suggests that Beckett had invited his illness through his homosexual acts and was therefore not a victim. In the course of testimony, it is revealed that the partner who had noticed Beckett's lesion had previously worked with a woman who had contracted AIDS after a blood transfusion and so should have recognized the lesion as relating to AIDS. According to that partner, the woman was an innocent victim, unlike Beckett, and further testified that he did not recognize Beckett's lesions. To prove that the lesions would have been visible, Miller asks Beckett to unbutton his shirt while on the witness stand, revealing that his lesions were indeed visible and recognizable as such.Beckett eventually collapses during the trial. After Beckett is hospitalized, the partner who noticed Beckett's lesions confesses that he suspected Beckett had AIDS but never gave him the opportunity to explain himself. The partner remorsefully confesses that he would regret betraying Beckett for the rest of his life. During his hospitalization, the jury votes in his favor, awarding him back pay, damages for pain and suffering, and punitive damages. Miller visits the visibly failing Beckett in the hospital after the verdict and overcomes his fear enough to touch Beckett's face. After Beckett's family leaves the room, he tells his partner Miguel (Antonio Banderas) that he is ready to die. At the Miller home, Joe and his wife are awakened by a phone call from Miguel, presumably to tell them that Beckett has died. The movie ends with a reception at Beckett's home following the funeral, where many mourners, including Miller, view home movies of Beckett as a happy child.
answer: | Question: What is Beckett diagnosed with?, Answer: AIDS | fc-sni-duorc | 0 | d047824d764ce80b35255c2e68979a70b6820a33c1c1869845dc039c68680a75 |
Definition: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Input: 8 OES 136.643 provides, in relevant part: "In the trial of * * * a person accused or charged with the commission of a crime, the person so charged or accused shall, at the own request of the person, but not otherwise, be deemed a competent witness!.] * * * The defendant or accused, when offering testimony as a witness in the own behalf of the defendant, gives the prosecution a right to cross-examination upon all facts to which the defendant or accused has testified and which tend to the conviction or acquittal of the defendant or accused." 9 In Lotches, the court noted that, in addition to the federal constitution, Article I, section 11, of the Oregon Constitution gives criminal defendants a right to testify in their own behalf. 331 Or at 483 n 10. But see Rogers, 330 Or at 298-99 (<HOLDING>). 10 State v. Mai, 294 Or 269, 656 P2d 315
Holding statements: (A) recognizing that criminal defendants right to testify is subject to crossexamination (B) holding violation of right to testify could not be harmless (C) holding that right to be heard in article i section 11 incorporates framers contemporaneous understanding which did not recognize criminal defendants right to testify (D) recognizing that a defendants right to be heard in criminal proceedings prior to sentencing is constitutionally protected (E) holding right to testify was federal constitutional right
Output: | (C) | fc-sni-casehold | 0 | f68387c82a74b2e466f4b449f80d5cfc6ea0f10cbbd4c7a7a7c6d97ebdee0a47 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you're given four sentences of a story written in natural language. The given story is not complete and your job is to complete the story by selecting one of the sentence choices from (A) and (B), such that the story sounds fully coherent.
Sentence1: Everybody loved Bob because he played a popular character on film. Sentence2: Bob hated it because he was nothing like that character. Sentence3: Jim asked Bob to say his character's catch phrase. Sentence4: It was too much for Bob and he exploded with rage.
(A) Bob told the man to leave him alone. (B) Bob asked the man for tea. | A | fc-sni-roc_stories | 0 | 579634948888eb121aa6bdc003599849887bdc4fcdbd08dde6276244a8411cd2 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Problem:of the federal Equal Protection Clause. With respect, we do not think that the Indiana court correctly applied federal law." (citations omitted)); Berschback v. Grosse Pointe Pub. Sch. Dist., 154 Mich.App. 102, 397 N.W.2d 234, 240 (1986) ("The deeision[ ] in ... Sturrup appear[s] to be [an] anomalfy] in this area of the law. [T]he focus on the 'overbroad' and 'overinclusive' nature of the rules ... to find a denial of equal protection departs significantly from traditional equal protection analysis."), appeal denied, 427 Mich. 851, 398 N.W.2d 1 (1986). In addition, a number of courts have expressly held that various versions of high school association transfer rules do not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. See e.g., Griffin High Sch., 822 F.2d 671 (<HOLDING>); In re United States ex rel. Mo. State High
Holding statements: (A) holding that transfer rule denying eligibility to students transferring from public to private schools did not violate the students rights to due process or equal protection of the laws as provided by the fourteenth amendment (B) holding transfer rule did not violate federal equal protection (C) holding transfer eligibility rule did not deny the student equal protection of the laws or procedural or substantive due process under the fourteenth amendment (D) holding that schools have no duty under the due process clause to protect students from assaults by other students even where the school knew or should have known of the danger presented (E) holding missouri transfer rule did not violate equal protection
Solution: | (A) | fc-sni-casehold | 0 | 42e7d33020332896485b059492d66fb024e21920a8ff63c2c4ae225df6932980 |
In this task, you are given a sentence. You are expected to recognize the name of gene or protein. Although there might be several correct answers, you need to write one of them.
Ex Input:
Multiple signals required for cyclic AMP - responsive element binding protein ( CREB ) binding protein interaction induced by CD3 / CD28 costimulation .
Ex Output:
CD3 / CD28
Ex Input:
Characterization of aldosterone binding sites in circulating human mononuclear leukocytes .
Ex Output:
binding sites
Ex Input:
These results establish EKLF as a tissue - specific transcription factor that undergoes post - translational acetylation and suggest a mechanism by which EKLF is able to alter chromatin structure and induce beta - globin expression within the beta - like globin cluster .
Ex Output: | transcription factor | fc-sni-jnlpba_corpus | 0 | 85ccdda0498a8e67ae893d6977d025ef8d00f00ae63db6808ad03589518797a3 |
In this task, you are given a review of movie. Your task is to classify given movie review into two categories: 1) positive, and 2) negative based on its content.
[EX Q]: Harman and Isings 'Old Mill Pond' is a true masterpiece of the art of animation. The consummate skill and artistry that characterise this duos work is nowhere more in evidence than in this cartoon. It is a shame that so many people can see only offence in what is, and was always intended to be, a light hearted piece of entertainment that in no way sought to denigrate black people. If anything it is a tribute to the infectious humour and musicality of the black race. I have not been able to view this confection for many years as the 'race commissars' in England have deemed it too offensive to be shown in multi racial Britain. If anyone knows where I can obtain a copy I would dearly love to view this masterpiece again. I think those who routinely look for messages and intent that were never intended in these cartoons, which are, after all, sixty years old, should try to lighten up and remember that the world is a very different place today, but that does not mean that anyone has the right to censor what is viewable from the past.
[EX A]: positive
[EX Q]: After watching KHAKEE i felt i'll get to watch another good film but sadly The film is a joke and actually trying hard to introduce Aryeman Afterall his father Keshu is the producerRKS spoke so highly about the film during promotions, saying the film has meat unlike films released that time, I wonder which films was he talking aboutThe film is actually a typical Masala film with loads of comedy, romance, action everything jumbledThe ease at which the kids kidnap the family, is one of the funniest parts ever, Imagine kids kidnapping Dawood's familyThe end is a complete jumble mumble with sudden change of characterizationRKS gives his weakest film till date, except some Bachchan scenes the film is a boreMusic is boringAmitabh tries to give the role his all, he does his part well, though not his best though he contorts his face too much when pulling a trigger and does a weird look while smoking the cigar His dubbing too isn't matched properly at timesAkshay is there for some minutes and just repeats his act and hamsAryeman seems expressionless, tries too hard but overdoes it in some scenesBhumika emerges the best of the lotThe rest are okay
[EX A]: negative
[EX Q]: This movie was on t.v the other day, and I didn't enjoy it at all. The first George of the jungle was a good comedy, but the sequel.... completely awful. The new actor and actress to play the lead roles weren't good at all, they should of had the original actor (Brendon Fraiser) and original actress (i forgot her name) so this movie gets the 0 out of ten rating, not a film that you can sit down and watch and enjoy, this is a film that you turn to another channel or take it back to the shop if hired or bought. It was good to see Ape the ape back, but wasn't as fun as the first, they should of had the new George as Georges son grown up, and still had Bredon and (whats her face) in the film, that would've been a bit better then it was.
[EX A]: | negative | fc-sni-imdb | 0 | cb270c3415f4a81254f54fd3c23f29aa7e1ab8113846c63df30d704890afefb7 |
instruction:
In this task, you're given a story (which contains five sentences only). Your task is to find all the characters which are available in the given story.
question:
Sentence1: Kim was a clumsy girl. Sentence2: She slipped on a banana peel. Sentence3: She hurt her head. Sentence4: She got stitches at the doctors. Sentence5: Kim was much more careful after that.
answer:
Kim, Doctors
question:
Sentence1: Samantha really needed a haircut but didn't have much money. Sentence2: She asked her parents, but they didn't have much money either. Sentence3: She came up with an idea to raffle off her radio at school. Sentence4: She sold 85 tickets at a quarter a piece. Sentence5: It was just enough for a haircut, and now she looks swell!
answer:
Samantha, Parents
question:
Sentence1: Easton had a very important test coming up. Sentence2: He studied very hard the night before. Sentence3: He did not go to bed until two in the morning. Sentence4: Easton overslept the next morning. Sentence5: He missed his test.
answer: | Easton | fc-sni-storycommonsense | 0 | 52899b88cd00cf2bf771893845745ed48b511338aeb463618713989f05deb002 |