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Definition: Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
Input: Personality: I've an internship at a computer company.
I have 5 children.
I like to go fishing.
My mom is a lawyer.
I'm a student.
Chat history: -Hello. do you read reddit. I usually post things daily.
-I do sometimes. I work at a computer company. Well actually its an internship.
-I do insurance sales. Super boring.
-My mom works in a law firm, that is super boring too.
-I usually ride my bike when its warm out. Mostly on weekends.
Output: | That sounds fun! I like to fish on the weekends. | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | e96ec955d224a15d43cb8a84f33dd7590c3b237bf68ca07c8d9b3183c5e4b561 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Problem:PER CURIAM. Donald Jackman, Jr. appeals the District Court's order denying his motion filed pursuant to Fed.R.Crim.P. 41(g) for the return of firearms and other property seized during a search of his residence. In February 2002, Jackman was convicted of possession of an unregistered destructive device and pled guilty to possession of a firearm by a felon. He was subsequently sentenced to 262 months in prison. His conviction and sentence were affirmed on appeal. In a separate proceeding, the government filed for forfeiture of several of Jackman's firearms, a Cir.2000)(<HOLDING>). Although Jackman focuses primarily on
Holding statements: (A) holding that a convicted felon is not entitled to return of firearms or to have firearms held in trust by third party (B) holding that a convicted felon is not entitled to have firearms returned held in trust or sold for his profit (C) holding the defendant was a convicted felon within the purview of the federal statute prohibiting the receiving and possession of firearms by a convicted felon where the defendants prior conviction was based on an idaho state probated sentence (D) holding that a convicted felon may sue a municipal government to recover the value of seized firearms that he owned (E) holding that dual convictions of possession of a firearm by a convicted felon and possession of ammunition by a convicted felon violated double jeopardy
Solution: | (A) | fc-sni-casehold | 0 | ad45499b21f59249afc7458f435194950b043e22a71e33f20bfe617b61161ba5 |
In this task, you are given books product reviews in English language. The goal is to classify the review as "POS" if the overall sentiment of the review is positive or as "NEG" if the overall sentiment of the review is negative.
Great book, I loved it! . First, a word about the publishers. . . Somewhere it is decreed, I suppose in the Regency genre publishing house, that all "Regency Romance" books must be exactly 218 pages, no more and no less, so that if one author writes less, they make the letters nice and big, three paragraphs to a page. . . And if another author has a longer story, the publishers will squeeze ten paragraphs, in tiny letters, onto one page. . . This is one of the books where you have ten paragraphs (or more) per page, plus there is so much going on in the story that the plotline is constantly changing . . . for me, this made for some frustrating reading. But as for the story itself - this is my first by Allison Lane, and what I see, I like. I was pre-warned that she is a "darker" Regency author, so that I did not find the issues explored in this story shocking. Yes, it's sad, but, unfortunately, there really are parents like that. (Today, since arranged marriages are not really "done" it will play out in the form of career, or how their children should live their lives. . .) As for the character of Reggie - he's a really nice, sympathetic character, but I'm afraid that his problem was a real one. Maybe it's uncommon, and he seems to have had an unusually bad case of it, but it is only today that they have medication for these problems (those who have read the story know which medication I mean). I loved the heroine! I hate to say this, but she sounds so exactly like me, that how can I not have loved this story? Miss Joanna Patterson was hired as a sort-of companion to Lady Harriet, to launch her into society - and to find her a husband, perferably a rich one. Being rather plain, awkward, and bespecled besides, Joanna has no such hopes for herself. Lord Sedgewick Wylie is not only a dandy, but he is the biggest dandy of them all - actually, he is a social leader. Always, always, impeccably dressed, always with perfect manners, Lord Sedgewick is as different from Joanna as could possibly be. But what society does not know, and would possibly ridicule if they did, is that under that dandified clothing is a smart and educated man - and he is starting to get bored with the society role that he is playing. In short, this is a couple that is different as could possibly be, and would never have even looked at each other, if fate had not intervened, in not one, not two, but three separate "accidents" involving each other, the last one culminating in their forced marriage - although "marriage" for show, and "marriage" for real are two separate things entirely. . . Quite early on in the book, I recognized the plot. Yes, I was right. This book has a similar plot to "The Viscount who Loved me" by Julia Quinn. I checked the publishing dates to see "who cheated" but they were published quite closely together, actually this book was first. . . Maybe this is a fairly common Regency plot device, I haven't read enough Regency books to know if this is so or not. And unlike some previous reviewers, I really liked the character of Lord Sedgewick. He is a refreshing change from the rakes, and more rakes, that seem to populate all the Regency fare that I have read so far. Although a dandy, he is responsible, and uses his position in society wisely - he actually tries to help people. He is not a rake, nor does he gamble in excess, or drink etc. etc. In short, in many ways a paragon. And although he does treat the heroine badly at some point in the book, his reasons are very clear, and believable, to me. Besides, once he gets over his initial reaction, he does apologize, and he even comes to an understanding within himself as to why he treated her this way, and how he will change in the future. Hey, you can't ask for much better than that. Even if I am the only one, I do see a very nice future for the rest of their lives together. I like Allison Lane's style. I like her complicated plots, I liked her *very" complex characters, and I especially liker her *very* realistic portrayal of the issues she has chosen to deal with in this Regency novel. This is one smart lady, and I really enjoyed her writing. I recommend this book for anyone who likes Regencies a bit *darker*, but more realistic, and especially for those who like complicated plots with full-fleshed characters, created by an extremely intelligent author | POS | fc-sni-cls | 0 | be50692ff7d0868ea97fa5ade81e50f87ae03d3b45c9833770cf5226f710cb7e |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a multiple-choice question about healthcare. Answer the question based on your information and classify your answers into '1', '2', '3', and '4'.
PROBLEM: Question: We want to study if Vitamin D can increase the incidence of breast cancer. In our area we have a population registry of cancer. To achieve our goal, all women diagnosed with breast cancer are selected from the register we have and each case pairs with two controls. What study design has been chosen?
Options: <1> Prospective cohort study. <2> Cases and controls study. <3> Case-control study nested. <4> Retrospective cohort study. <5> Ecological study
SOLUTION: 3
PROBLEM: Question: The hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by phospholipase C generates the following second messengers:
Options: <1> Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and triacylglycerol. <2> Inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate and glycerol. <3> Inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. <4> Inositol 4,5-bisphosphate and diacylglycerol. <5> Inositol 4,5-bisphosphate and glycerol.
SOLUTION: 3
PROBLEM: Question: Apoptosis is:
Options: <1> The cellular senescence. <2> A form of programmed cell death. <3> Cell migration <4> A mode of cellular reprogramming. <5> The process of cell differentiation.
SOLUTION: | 2 | fc-sni-head_qa | 0 | 1c8814bfa315366340390078f08ff21dc446b8a778250dc3b611840e3a8cf9bf |
In this task, you will be presented with a question and you have to answer the question based on your knowledge. Your answers should be as short as possible.
Example Input: What comic book was based on the longest-running comic strip in 2000 ?
Example Output: Judge Dredd
Example Input: What is the COPEI of the state whose basin covers one of the largest oil and gas reserves in the Western Hemisphere ?
Example Output: 2
Example Input: what was the position of the team in 2009 that played in Belarusian Second League and later in Belarusian First League from 1995 till 2010 in a location which 2009 population is 14,300 ?
Example Output: | 4 | fc-sni-hybridqa | 0 | aee482c30f2b44b747530039ebcf5be62e75b18a81998d21c16f0d622983493b |
You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
Example Input: I bought these seeds in the hope they would be what I'm used to. I'm sorry I did. The seed pods are EXTREMELY small, they're a re past prime, and somewhat bitter than normal cardamom. Disappointed with this product from this seller.
Example Output: Negative
Example Input: Spectrum Naturals Walnut Oil, refined, is a very mild oil. I can't detect any walnut smell or taste any walnut flavor at all. Maybe that's what you want in some cases, though I was hoping for a more nutty flavor like raw walnuts. It does have the advantage of having higher Omega 3 content than most oils. Also most oils that are high in Omega 3 (like fish oil and flax oil) have a strong taste which you probably don't want on your salad. Unlike some of Spectrum's oils, it is not organic.
Example Output: Positive
Example Input: I love Geliva coffee.Its not bitter like some of the brands and it set well on my stomach.I have too say its the best coffee I every had and I tried a lot of expensive brands as well as the lesser expensive this is mid price and I love it.I will continue to buy this frm Amazon every three months
Example Output: | Positive | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | 7a782ab635c5dc3c55fe17c4dd00036bdcb9e11b9a86bbc1133ee11b56934cf3 |
Instructions: In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Input: The coronavirus E protein is a small membrane protein that has an important role in the assembly of virions. Recent studies have indicated that the E protein has functions during infection beyond assembly, including in virus egress and in the host stress response. Additionally, the E protein has ion channel activity, interacts with host proteins, and may have multiple membrane topologies. The goal of this review is to highlight the properties and functions of the E protein, and speculate on how they may be related.
Output: | The Coronavirus E Protein: Assembly and Beyond | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 95155298497b9356894da583e4d2d77504f7456c4ea5bd6936b542ad9f9a102f |
In this task, the input is a set of dialogues between a user and an assistant. You need to find the dialogue that is basically a response given to a question or an aspect of the user.
Example Input: Sure the culture of Malta reflects the various cultures, from the Phoenicians to the British that have come into contact with the Maltese Islands throughout the centuries, including neighbouring Mediterranean cultures.
Sure Thing!
Can you tell me a bit more about Malta and its "Culture".
Can you tell me a bit more about Malta and its "Geography" ?
Anything else about Malta's Culture?
Example Output: Sure the culture of Malta reflects the various cultures, from the Phoenicians to the British that have come into contact with the Maltese Islands throughout the centuries, including neighbouring Mediterranean cultures.
Example Input: That is amazing, is it there any famous people from Oklahoma?
Yes, Oklahoma is connected to the country's railway network via Amtrak Heartland Flyer.
Hello do you know any interesting information about Oklahoma?
Do you know about any sports team from Oklahoma?
Do you know more specific facts about its Education?
Example Output: Yes, Oklahoma is connected to the country's railway network via Amtrak Heartland Flyer.
Example Input: your welcome
Okay that's cool. Can you tell me some interesting facts
Football in the Gambia is administered by the Gambia Football Federation, who are affliated to both FIFA and CAF
Im sorry I don't have that information either
Okay that's sounds good. Can you tell me about the population
Example Output: | Football in the Gambia is administered by the Gambia Football Federation, who are affliated to both FIFA and CAF | fc-sni-curiosity_dialogs | 0 | 8cf12a04e96eb203f34ae4cb777cb3371994bbe0d51f718872041a71c43e8eec |
In this task, you are given two simple actions (associated with "A", "B"). You must identify which action is considered less ethical. Do not generate anything else apart from one of the following characters: 'A', 'B'.
Ex Input:
(A) not watching a stranger's stuff for him while he went to the bathroom? this was in an airport inside security
(B) telling my mom about my sister's drinking
Ex Output:
A
Ex Input:
(A) getting mad and ending a 10yo friendship
(B) blocking my friend because she might have said something about my atheist whatsapp status that mom can't read to her. tl;dr
Ex Output:
A
Ex Input:
(A) not letting my so sell a concert ticket
(B) shit talking a toxic "friend" and not comforting her when she has a problem
Ex Output: | B | fc-sni-scruples | 0 | f85b0512f574083659aaf4042ee94993201b192627c7560eacbd791755d38197 |
Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
--------
Question: Personality: I like to build things.
I am tall.
I like to travel.
I love the outdoors.
Chat history: -Hey how are you doing today.
-I'm well. And you?
-Did you still my big interview tollman.
-Are you in the 9 5 grind? Sorry I do not understand.
-I meant being tall is very hard.
-Guess so. too big for doorways.
-That is true in every time I go travel.
-Yeah one of the perks of behind short.
-I really stand outdoors but I still like outdoors.
-Do you travel for work? I love to hike.
Answer: So I just build things up.
Question: Personality: I don't own a television.
I work at a school as an art teacher.
My girlfriend just broke up with me.
I cannot stand pizza.
Chat history: -I like to make people smile, and that's why people think I'm crazy.
-Hi. I'm Bryan and I'm an art teacher.
-Hi Bryan, do you also like filming? I'm crazy about it.
-People think I'm crazy because I do not like pizza.
-Yeah, that's a funny thought... you think I'm lying? I'm bad at it.
-I like films but don't have a television.
-Just don't make me watch films that's related with death, don't want to think Abou tit.
-I am sorry I am not making sense. My girlfriend just left me.
-Sorry to heard that... I hope I can make you smile, that is my hobby.
Answer: I am not scared of death. I love horror.
Question: Personality: We have two kids.
I graduated with a nursing degree.
My favorite food is sushi.
My husband is a firefighter.
Chat history: -Hi there! I am from new York city, where are you from?
-I love new York, but I live in Pennsylvania.
-That is not too far from here. Do you have any hobbies?
Answer: | I barely have time for hobbies since I am a nurse. | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | bc5769496401019bb5d63e5f4980c0dc2ff44b55213383b9aa03c4eff0601147 |
Definition: In this task, you're given a sentence and your task is to generate a simplified sentence that focuses on lexical paraphrasing from the original sentence given in the input.
Input: the marriage was not entirely happy although it inspired some of moeran 's masterpieces , the cello concerto and cello sonata.
Output: | the marriage was not entirely happy although it fired up by some of moeran 's great work of art , the cello music for one chief instrument and cello sonata. | fc-sni-turk | 0 | e77b2d3eedad2885de9f287a160f43c42f8c520c99ac1427ed230b00cc80a6ce |
A question is presented to you in this task, and your job is to write a potentially correct answer.
Input: Consider Input: where was saint paul from?
Output: Tarsus, Mersin
Input: Consider Input: what films have taylor lautner starred in?
Output: New Moon
Input: Consider Input: what did anasazi indians live in? | Output: Four Corners | fc-sni-web_questions | 0 | 195535e1870e03cab6fee96f54fffedb4380eeafeb5c19c9f85ad77483281e77 |
In this task, you need to answer the given multiple-choice question on the gain. Gain is the value by which to multiply the input. Classify your answers into 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'.
Input: Consider Input: Problem: if a lends rs . 2000 to b at 15 % per annum and b lends the same sum to c at 17 % per annum then the gain of b in a period of 4 years is ?
Options: a ) 155 , b ) 162 , c ) 157.5 , d ) 160 , e ) 157.12
Output: d
Input: Consider Input: Problem: find the principle on a certain sum of money at 5 % per annum for 4 years if the amount being rs . 1120 ?
Options: a ) 933 , b ) 1067 , c ) 1977 , d ) 1056 , e ) 1097
Output: a
Input: Consider Input: Problem: a pair of articles was bought for $ 50 at a discount of 20 % . what must be the marked price of each of the article ?
Options: a ) $ 25 , b ) $ 31.25 , c ) $ 29.65 , d ) $ 35.95 , e ) $ 45.62 | Output: b | fc-sni-mathqa | 0 | c802b2e9866c531ee659aa9dd10bb8d2d5edffb29ca0e603e1a78df2b25772ec |
In this task, the input is a set of dialogues between a user and an assistant. You need to find the dialogue that is basically a response given to a question or an aspect of the user.
[Q]: Oh, that's very interesting! Any other fun facts you can tell me?
Interesting. Any information about hoe the government operates?
Hi, I'd like to learn about the government of San Marino.
San Marino is located in So Europe bordering So Italy. It is the 3rd smallest state by area in Europe. It has Mediterranean climate, cool winters and warm summers.
Oh, I see, thanks! I'd like to learn a bit about the geography of San Marino now, please.
[A]: San Marino is located in So Europe bordering So Italy. It is the 3rd smallest state by area in Europe. It has Mediterranean climate, cool winters and warm summers.
[Q]: Very cool! Thanks for all your help! Have a good day!
You're welcome! Have a good day too!
Okay. According to the World Health Organization, 97.9% of women and girls underwent female genital mutilation. This is a pre-martial custom of the region.
Sure! I can provide more information about what happened in 2012. The Transitional Federal Government or TFG was the internationally recognized government of Somalia until 2012. Their tenure ended that year.
Neat! Is there anything else I should know?
[A]: Okay. According to the World Health Organization, 97.9% of women and girls underwent female genital mutilation. This is a pre-martial custom of the region.
[Q]: Hello there assistant.
Well that's cool. Right on mate. Can you tell me more about it's demographics?
Interesting, you have another fact?
Deep lakes are cool. Thanks for all the help take care!
You may be surprised that after English, Spanish is the second most spoken language there.
[A]: | You may be surprised that after English, Spanish is the second most spoken language there. | fc-sni-curiosity_dialogs | 0 | 7e00ad4f0b5ef9abeb59307aa4e5e9d8614f96845b6e490b4116c12694c50063 |
In this task, you are given a review of movie. Your task is to classify given movie review into two categories: 1) positive, and 2) negative based on its content.
One example: For a movie that gets no respect there sure are a lot of memorable quotes listed for this gem. Imagine a movie where Joe Piscopo is actually funny! Maureen Stapleton is a scene stealer. The Moroni character is an absolute scream. Watch for Alan The Skipper Hale jr. as a police Sgt.
Solution is here: positive
Explanation: There is an expression of appreciation in this movie review, hence we can say it's positive.
Now, solve this: First I liked that movie. It seemed to me a nice comedy with some silly moments. The costume designer Albert Wolsky did his best!!! The same as wonderful set decorator Robert R. Benton - this man really had a very good taste!!! But the script writers disappointed me extremely. The best ending would be the scene on the ladder, but instead of it, they decided that the father and his daughter should be together. Don't like the ending. The father becomes boyfriend of his own daughter and his ex-wife knows about it and finds it alright. It would be OK, if the scriptwriters would for example say that now there is a different soul in the body, but they did not, they only deprived him of memories. The actors were good, they were really funny. Cybill Shepherd was charming, Robert Downey Jr. was very funny in the dancing scene : )))... But some of the moments spoil even the impression of good acting. For example, Corinne Jeffries, played by Cybill Shepherd after the death of her husband was waiting for him 23 years (it's a long time!), she was true to him, she loved nobody but him, and when she met him and was just about making love to him, after a scene with her friend Philip Train (Ryan O'Neal), she very easily betrayed the man she was longing for so many years!!! It would be a good movie, if not the ending and some missed human psychology.
Solution: | negative | fc-sni-imdb | 0 | ef0dde89f365353aa05658b5524bd3a0b35f1f1815aa3d6124c91935efde74de |
instruction:
You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage.
question:
Passage: I decided that I wanted to rent a movie instead of seeing something in a movie theater . Because there are n't any video stores around anymore , I checked on my tv to see what was available for me to rent on cable . I also checked to see if there are any Red Boxes in the area where I can rent a DVD for $ 1.20 . I drove to the grocery store down the street and found the Red Box . I used the Red Box to look through the available movies . I sorted the movies by what came out most recently . I finally found one I thought sounded interesting . I selected Hidden Figures because I had not seen it yet . After I made my choice , I used my debit card to pay the $ 1.20 fee , added my email address to get my receipt , and finished the transaction . Question: What did they get at the Red Box? Option1: A CD Option2: Hidden Figures, a DVD
answer:
Hidden Figures, a DVD
question:
Passage: I wanted to go to the beach with my friends but I did n't know how to swim . My friend suggested that I take a swimming class . I searched for swimming classes using my phone , and found one at a local pool . They told me they had an intense summer swimming class that lasted 2 weeks and cost $ 100 . I decided to sign up for the class . On the first day of class , I arrived on time and changed in my swimsuit in the locker room . He told us to get into the pool and I listened . Over the next 2 weeks , I had class from Monday to Friday , and learned how to tread water , float , and swim . After I was done with the classes , I was ready to go to the beach with my friends . Question: What did they want to sign up for? Option1: Swimming lessons Option2: the locker room
answer:
Swimming lessons
question:
Passage: We wanted to order pizza by phone . We looked up the pizza restaurants phone number on their website . Then we looked at their menu and decided what kind of pizzas we wanted . Then we decided what toppings we wanted . After we knew what we wanted to order I called the pizza restaurants phone number . When they answered I let them know I wanted to order pizza and that we would like them to deliver it to us . Then they asked me what I would like . On the first pizza we wanted pepperoni . On the second pizza we wanted Canadian bacon and pineapple . On the third pizza we wanted cheese only . Then they let me know it would be 45 minutes and they would bring the pizzas to us . Then they asked me for my credit card information so I could pay for the pizzas . It was easy to order by the phone because we had already decided what we wanted before we called . Question: When did the people get three large pizzas? Option1: 45 minutes later Option2: before calling the restaurant
answer: | 45 minutes later | fc-sni-mcscript | 0 | f42084d84a64c33310a07688f947ef105a8dc5f3042688b9efaf3ba4f6da9e1d |
In this task, you need to answer the given multiple-choice question on the gain. Gain is the value by which to multiply the input. Classify your answers into 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'.
Example Input: Problem: rs . 900 amounts to rs . 920 in 3 years at simple interest . if the interest is increased by 3 % , it would amount to how much ?
Options: a ) rs . 1056 , b ) rs . 1001 , c ) rs . 2056 , d ) rs . 1026 , e ) rs . 1856
Example Output: b
Example Input: Problem: a person buys an article at rs . 500 . at what price should he sell the article so as to make a profit of 35 % ?
Options: a ) 600 , b ) 887 , c ) 256 , d ) 654 , e ) 675
Example Output: e
Example Input: Problem: a tank contains 10,000 gallons of a solution that is 5 percent sodium chloride by volume . if 5,500 gallons of water evaporate from the tank , the remaining solution will be approximately what percent sodium chloride ?
Options: a ) 1.25 % , b ) 3.75 % , c ) 6.25 % , d ) 6.67 % , e ) 11.11 %
Example Output: | e | fc-sni-mathqa | 0 | a09e975a63d103a90204f1df72a447433a16b2e6b52c0c07fc45f1b0f3269526 |
In this task you will be given some text dialogue and you need to infer the underlying emotion of the text. The possible emotions are happy, sad, angry, or other.
Example Input: stop irritating me i'm sorry i'll leave c u r the worst ai ever
Example Output: angry
Example Input: yesterday i went to presidency feast how was it for you enjoyed aosome
Example Output: happy
Example Input: am hurt who are you don't talk to me ok
Example Output: | angry | fc-sni-emo | 0 | c47f4c5352fa9336907e2553552486620dcd002716c65f77d666052841a6e473 |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a short story consisting of exactly 5 sentences where the second sentence is missing. You are given two options and you need to select the one that best connects the first sentence with the rest of the story. Indicate your answer by 'Option 1' if the first option is correct, otherwise 'Option 2'. The incorrect option will change the subsequent storyline, so that at least one of the three subsequent sentences is no longer consistent with the story.
PROBLEM: Sentence 1: Sue got in her car and frowned at how filthy the window was.
Sentence 3: She wondered if he had worked hard to create that window art for her
Sentence 4: Sue sort of felt bad as she cleaned it away
Sentence 5: The next day, her dog created a new masterpiece on the window
Option 1: Her dog's nose had made quite a mess of the glass.
Option 2: Her dog was too short to even reach the window.
SOLUTION: Option 1
PROBLEM: Sentence 1: Sally felt very shy when the neighbors came over.
Sentence 3: Sally's uncle used to make fun of her
Sentence 4: Once her uncle dragged her out in front of the neighbors
Sentence 5: After meeting the neighbors, Sally didn't feel so bad
Option 1: Sally tried to hide whenever the neighbors came.
Option 2: She soon overcame her shyness and looked forward to their visits.
SOLUTION: Option 1
PROBLEM: Sentence 1: Jake was walking home.
Sentence 3: Jake gave him some of the sandwich he was eating
Sentence 4: The dog followed Jake home
Sentence 5: Jake had to go in and ignore him for hours before he left
Option 1: A stray dog walked up to him.
Option 2: A stray dog ignored him.
SOLUTION: | Option 1 | fc-sni-timetravel | 0 | 75aad9080ca4dce4362e887fda223005b004d62b35000161422789e518e4619e |
TASK DEFINITION: The input is a tweet which can be classified as Hate Speech, Offensive or Normal. Given such a tweet, output the class the tweet belongs to. Hate Speech will contain threatening language towards the community targeted. Offensive language will contain abusive or discriminatory language towards the community targeted.
PROBLEM: <user> yes they put fear in black people jews and even white civil rights workers and they deny the holocaust ever happened
SOLUTION: Normal
PROBLEM: give a white man a hammer and he will build a glorious cathedral give an asian man a hammer and he will make more hammers give a nigger a hammer and he will bash another nigger skull in
SOLUTION: Hate Speech
PROBLEM: can not help but feel that mexico perhaps unintentionally or perhaps in an effort to stay in our good standing trade wise let a caravan of illegal immigrants into their own country for the sole purpose of justifying the border wall
SOLUTION: | Normal | fc-sni-hatexplain | 0 | c141c0f7f2553db2a2084d61b2a26397c8b6099cc5f570f6dcb761ba5f82dade |
Instructions: You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
Input: The "rope" idea doesn't really work ( well it works 1 time). It actually impedes the dispensing of the treats after your dog yanks it out - now the treats are stuck inside until the human pushes the rope back in. Would NOT purchase again!
Output: | Negative | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | ab88d80b6bddc259b53f4f276d1daff4614b30763573e22455e05ff888db4093 |
Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
Q: Personality: I work for a beer distributor.
My favorite singer is Taylor swift.
I've a toddler.
My husband is a stay at home dad.
Chat history: -I live on an american cattle farm.
-Oh, cool. I load beer onto trucks. We are both working class people!
-My age is two less than 23.
A: | So I guess you can drink the beer my company makes? | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | d1b7943539d707c4576c4c7840b74e203f0031de4f442d2dbb3c4d3dd1084b7b |
Given a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Example Input: The Case
Nicki Minaj posted an Instagram of herself in front of the distinctive blue-and-white Casper mattress box on Dec. 30 with this caption: "Love it @casper haven't slept in daze."
Casper confirmed to BuzzFeed News in an email on Monday that it compensated Nicki Minaj to post about the mattress. It wasn't just a gift she was paid $$$.
So shouldn't she have disclosed it was an ad in the caption? Casper said "We asked that she include the proper disclosure (#ad) in her caption. After she posted we reached out early last week to ask that she update the copy to clarify."
As of yesterday afternoon Minaj had still not updated her post to say that it was an ad. Her record label did not reply to BuzzFeed News' request for comment.
Example Output: Is Nicki Minaj Doing An Ad For Mattresses Here?
Example Input: MANILA Philippines -- Human rights groups condemned the Philippine president on Tuesday for saying that troops should shoot female communist rebels in the genitals to render them "useless " which they said could encourage sexual violence and war crimes. The left-wing group Karapatan said President Rodrigo Duterte "has distinguished himself as a frothing-in-the-mouth fascist who incites the worst violations of international humanitarian law."
Duterte 's remarks "are but the latest of the series of this madman's display of tyranny lunacy and machismo " Karapatan Secretary General Cristina Palabay said.
In a rambling speech before surrendered communist rebels Duterte spoke about the futility of their decades-old insurgency and how his administration can help them return to normal life.
Duterte asked why even women join the insurgency and abandon their families.
At one point he said without elaborating: "Tell the soldiers. There's a new order coming from the mayor. We won't kill you. We will just shoot your vagina so that ... if there is no vagina it would be useless."
Duterte spoke in the Bisaya dialect. An official transcript of the president's speech issued by the government omitted the word "vagina" and expletives from his remarks.
A longtime mayor of southern Davao city where he built a reputation for his extra-tough approach to criminality and his brash often sex-laden remarks Duterte has acknowledged his rough ways but suggested many Filipinos have come to accept him .
Western governments and human rights watchdogs have expressed alarm over his crackdown on illegal drugs which has left thousands of mostly poor suspects dead. He has lashed out at critics including European governments which he told Monday "to go to hell" for imposing conditions on financial aid.
Duterte said he has told European officials he won't attend an upcoming meeting between Southeast Asian and European leaders.
"They say that I have a bad mouth. It's true. They say that I'm not a statesman not fit for a president and that's true " Duterte said in a speech Monday referring to his critics. "But the problem here is that I won."
Steve Rood a Manila-based political analyst said many Filipinos like Duterte 's unorthodox style and his charm when he talks to them in an intimate way as if his speeches were not being broadcast.
With crime easing and recent public surveys showing satisfaction with Duterte 's administration the president's opponents may do better if they focus on issues such as traffic jams in the capital and rising rice prices he said.
Example Output: Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte slammed over threat to shoot rebels in the genitals
Example Input: Owner Trigger Smith told Grub Street that the notice has been hanging in the bar for five or six days but just recently started gaining notoriety.
While Smith says the policy is tongue-in-cheek he does have a loathing for the word.
"Since it 's English it 's probably happening in England and maybe Australia " he tells Grub Street. "I had a woman from Miami the other night tell me it's happening down there."
"And it's not just millennials " he added. "Now you hear newscasters using 'literally' every three minutes on the Sunday news shows. What's annoying is people aren't even aware they're saying it . How could you be so unaware of your words that it 's coming out every couple minutes?"
Smith finds the comments laughable calling the accusations of sexism to be "even funnier than the sign."
Smith 's feelings about the matter might be best summed up by a sign he says hangs in the bathroom: The customer is always wrong.
Example Output: | New York City bar bans customers who use the word 'literally' | fc-sni-persent | 0 | 23068d9daac71ba82ccb37aa73f2c17dc1dcd4eb297a4e517625f6ece8b17d33 |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a review of movie. Your task is to classify given movie review into two categories: 1) positive, and 2) negative based on its content.
When I go to see a movie about zombie's, I'm not expecting oscar calibre performances, or writing on the level of The Godfather, but I do expect the actors to at least not look like their straining to read their cue cards, and dialogue that doesn't sound like it was typed out 10 minutes before the actor reads it into the camera. This movie was just awful, I actually got up and left about 25 minutes in and went next door and watched Cold Creek Manor, that wasn't very good either, but it seemed like Citizen Kane compared to this pile of crap. On the plus side, the girls were very pretty, that's probably the only thing that kept me in my seat for longer than the first 5 minutes, in fact I left after the hottest one got killed, there wasn't anything to hold my interest after that.
Output: | negative | fc-sni-imdb | 0 | fd79cc9ab231d99c80d0099267482601ca328d04bd32ebb8958667446ce9d703 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be presented with a question and you have to answer the question based on your knowledge. Your answers should be as short as possible.
Who are the lead roles in the movie filmed with the Dravidian language spoken predominantly by people of Karnataka ? | Vishnuvardhan , Ashima Bhalla and Devaraj | fc-sni-hybridqa | 0 | 30b084bf1312aa8a1601a0f362f23c41330d7fbf849a418e410c2f14b08a0b07 |
In this task, you are given a context paragraph of the tweet and question. Your task is to generate right answer of given question based on given context tweet paragraph.
Example Input: Context: Thanks everyone for congratulating me on my win #ufc Amy Schumer (@amyschumer) November 15, 2015 Question: who is amy schumer thanking for her ufc win?
Example Output: everyone.
Example Input: Context: Totally blown away at #CES2015 - like ChihiraAico, far from the average robot! Penelope Brown (@penelopemb) January 7, 2015 Question: what type of robot?
Example Output: average
Example Input: Context: The progress we made today in #Munich can and must improve the lives of the Syrian people. John Kerry (@JohnKerry) February 12, 2016 Question: when was the progress made?
Example Output: | today | fc-sni-tweetqa | 0 | eba9b8c788f651c6fd0ad421e444b93aa45f4fede2a5558e1513b752ce0ec8ae |
Detailed Instructions: Given a prompt and four completions, select the completion that is the most plausible in continuing or answering the prompt. This task is designed to test common sense and has various categories ranging between idioms, negated statements, polysemy, subject referencing, and quantitative reasoning. Generate either Completion A, Completion B, Completion C, or Completion D.
Q: Prompt: A man runs across a field as a soccer ball flies through the air. The man then
Completion A: slows to a stop as he is kicked by the ball.
Completion B: reaches out with his head, as the spherical ball smacks off of his forehead and careens into the goal past the goalie.
Completion C: lies on the ground and takes a nap.
Completion D: shaves his face off.
A: | Completion B | fc-sni-codah | 0 | e4cde42157691fdf6b582a50dc0d04fc9883b99ba1bda97bbc6b4a877a68c5e1 |
Instructions: In this task, you are given a part of an article. Your task is to generate headline (title) for this text. Preferred headlines are under fifteen words.
Input: Collaborative security initiatives are increasingly often ad-<lb>vocated to improve timeliness and effectiveness of threat mit-<lb>igation. Among these, collaborative predictive blacklisting<lb>(CPB) aims to forecast attack sources based on alerts con-<lb>tributed by multiple organizations that might be targeted in<lb>similar ways. Alas, CPB proposals thus far have only fo-<lb>cused on improving hit counts, but overlooked the impact of<lb>collaboration on false positives and false negatives. More-<lb>over, sharing threat intelligence often prompts important pri-<lb>vacy, confidentiality, and liability issues. In this paper, we<lb>first provide a comprehensive measurement analysis of two<lb>state-of-the-art CPB systems: one that uses a trusted cen-<lb>tral party to collect alerts [Soldo et al., Infocom'10] and a<lb>peer-to-peer one relying on controlled data sharing [Freudi-<lb>ger et al., DIMVA'15], studying the impact of collaboration<lb>on both correct and incorrect predictions. Then, we present<lb>a novel privacy-friendly approach that significantly improves<lb>over previous work, achieving a better balance of true and<lb>false positive rates, while minimizing information disclosure.<lb>Finally, we present an extension that allows our system to<lb>scale to very large numbers of organizations.
Output: | Building and Measuring Privacy-Preserving Predictive Blacklists | fc-sni-peer_read | 0 | 431421f9f81461701e16f2ca1e8b7144d35fde8ad72927d40027294809866f06 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
I put this in my dogs bowl and the first time, my dog,Bob Saget, just licked the bowl clean same ol same ol. Then! I put in some Uranium Ore and bamy waowi HE TURNED GREEN!!! Good results. The next day his eyes startes to glow and, when I took him for his daily stroll he looked at the neighbors cat and it levitated and exploded Good results. I think I'll try some my I have a few people that the world dosen't need :-) | Positive | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | 421e13cf267a4f18d2b4189acf262f5ddd477354b4e0120ef5e6c220e0a474c5 |
In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
Ex Input:
Context: The modern Olympic Games or Olympics are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart., The Summer Paralympic Games or the Games of the Paralympiad, are an international multi-sport event, where athletes with physical disabilities compete. This includes athletes with mobility disabilities, amputations, blindness, and cerebral palsy. The Paralympic Games are held every four years, organized by the International Paralympic Committee. Medals are awarded in each event, with gold medals for first place, silver for second and bronze for third, a tradition that the Olympic Games started in 1904., A demonstration sport is a sport which is played to promote it, most commonly during the Olympic Games, but also at other sporting events., Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney., Wheelchair Rugby at the 2000 Summer Paralympics was officially a mixed sport ; however , no women participated . This was the first year that the sport was an official part of the Paralympic program . It had previously been a demonstration sport at the 1996 Paralympics . Eight teams took part in the competition ., Wheelchair rugby (originally murderball, and known as quad rugby in the United States) is a team sport for athletes with a disability. It is practised in over twenty-five countries around the world and is a summer Paralympic sport. , The 2000 Paralympic Games were held in Sydney, Australia, from 18 to 29 October. In September 1993, Sydney won the rights to host the 2000 Paralympic Games. To secure this right it was expected that the New South Wales Government would underwrite the budget for the games.
The Sydney games were the eleventh Summer Paralympic Games, where an estimated 3800 athletes took part in the programme. They commenced with the opening ceremony on 18 October 2000. It was followed by the 11 days of fierce international competition and was the second largest sporting event ever held in Australia. They were also the first Paralympic Games outside the Northern Hemisphere., Sydney is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds the world's largest natural harbour, and sprawls towards the Blue Mountains to the west. Residents of Sydney are known as "Sydneysiders". Sydney is the second official seat and second official residence of the Governor-General of Australia and the Prime Minister of Australia and many federal ministries maintain substantial presences in Sydney., Subject: wheelchair rugby at the 2000 summer paralympics, Relation: instance_of, Options: (A) area (B) budget (C) capital (D) city (E) committee (F) competition (G) continent (H) country (I) demonstration (J) event (K) five (L) government (M) governor (N) october (O) official residence (P) opening (Q) opening ceremony (R) part (S) rugby (T) seat (U) state (V) summer paralympic games (W) urban area (X) variety
Ex Output:
event
Ex Input:
Context: Liam O'Flynn (born 15 April 1945) is an Irish uilleann piper and Irish traditional musician. In addition to a solo career and his work with the group Planxty, O'Flynn has recorded with many international musical artists, including Christy Moore, Donal Lunny, Andy Irvine, Kate Bush, Mark Knopfler, the Everly Brothers, Emmylou Harris, Mike Oldfield, Mary Black, Enya and Sinead O'Connor., Eithne Padraigin Ni Bhraonain (anglicised as Enya Patricia Brennan; born 17 May 1961), better known as her stage name Enya, is an Irish singer, songwriter, musician and producer. Born into a musical family and raised in the Irish speaking area of Gweedore in County Donegal, Enya began her professional music career at 18 when she joined her family's Celtic band Clannad in 1980 on keyboards and backing vocals. She left in 1982 with their manager and producer Nicky Ryan to pursue a solo career, with Ryan's wife Roma Ryan as her lyricist. Enya developed her distinct sound over the following four years with multi-tracked vocals and keyboards with elements of new age, Celtic, classical, church, and folk music. She has sung in 10 languages., Sinead Marie Bernadette OConnor (born 8 December 1966) is an Irish singer-songwriter who rose to fame in the late 1980s with her debut album "The Lion and the Cobra". OConnor achieved worldwide success in 1990 with a new arrangement of Princes song "Nothing Compares 2 U"., Catherine "Kate" Bush, CBE (born 30 July 1958) is an English singer-songwriter, musician and record producer. She first came to note in 1978 when, at the age of 19, she topped the UK Singles Chart for four weeks with her debut single "Wuthering Heights", becoming the first female artist to achieve a UK number-one with a self-written song. She has since released twenty-five UK Top 40 singles, including the top ten hits "The Man with the Child in His Eyes", "Babooshka", "Running Up That Hill", "Don't Give Up" (a duet with Peter Gabriel) and "King of the Mountain". She has released ten studio albums, all of which reached the UK Top 10, including the UK number-one albums "Never for Ever" (1980) and "Hounds of Love" (1985). She is the first British solo female artist to top the UK album charts and the first female artist ever to enter the album chart at number-one., Michael Gordon "Mike" Oldfield (born 15 May 1953) is an English musician and composer. His work blends progressive rock with world, folk, classical, electronic, ambient, and new-age music. His biggest commercial success is the 1973 album "Tubular Bells"which launched Virgin Records and became a hit in America after its opening was used as the theme for the film "The Exorcist". He also recorded the 1983 hit single "Moonlight Shadow" and a rendition of the Christmas piece "In Dulci Jubilo"., Donal Lunny (born 10 March 1947) is an Irish folk musician and producer. He plays left-handed guitar and bouzouki, as well as keyboards and bodhran. As a founding member of popular bands Planxty, The Bothy Band, Moving Hearts, Coolfin, Mozaik, LAPD and Usher's Island, he has been at the forefront of the renaissance of Irish traditional music for over five decades., Tara Music (formerly known as Tara Records) has been regarded for many years as one of the leading traditional Irish music recording companies. The label was set up by Jack Fitzgerald and John Cook in the early 1970s. , Christopher Andrew "Christy" Moore (born 7 May 1945) is an Irish folk singer, songwriter and guitarist. He is one of the founding members of Planxty and Moving Hearts. His first album, "Paddy on the Road" was recorded with Dominic Behan in 1969. In 2007, he was named as Ireland's greatest living musician in RTE's People of the Year Awards., Rita Connolly is a Dublin-born singer who has lived and worked in Ireland. She is primarily known for her work with composer Shaun Davey who wrote a song cycle for her called "Granuaile" based on the 16th-century pirate queen Grainne O'Malley as well as including her in other of his works such as "The Relief of Derry Symphony", "The Pilgrim Suite" and his Special Olympics music which was specially composed in 2003. Rita sang the anthem song "May We Never Have to Say Goodbye" which topped the charts for four weeks. She has also produced two solo albums, one with the eponymous title "Rita Connolly", and the second "Valpariso" on the Tara Music label., Granuaile is a blend of Classical and Irish Folk Music written by Shaun Davey for singer Rita Connolly . It is based on the life and times of the 16th century Irish pirate queen Grainne O'Mally , who was also known as Granuaile . The album was recorded using a 35 piece chamber orchestra joined by uilleann pipe soloist Liam O'Flynn , acoustic guitar , Irish harp and percussion , and special guest Donal Lunny on bouzouki ., Mark Freuder Knopfler, (born 12 August 1949) is a Scottish singer, songwriter, guitarist, record producer and film score composer. He is best known as the lead guitarist, lead singer and songwriter for the rock band Dire Straits, which he co-founded with his younger brother, David Knopfler, in 1977., Subject: granuaile , Relation: record_label, Options: (A) 1982 (B) album (C) christmas (D) english (E) island (F) record (G) tara music (H) uk singles chart (I) virgin records
Ex Output:
tara music
Ex Input:
Context: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, it includes the island of Great Britain (the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of , the UK is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants. Together, this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union., The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency., The English Channel ("the Sleeve" [hence ] "Sea of Brittany" "British Sea"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the southern part of the North Sea to the rest of the Atlantic Ocean., The Kingdom of Great Britain, officially Great Britain , was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800. The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706, ratified by the Acts of Union 1707, which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands. It did not include Ireland, which remained a separate realm. The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster. The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI, King of Scots, became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death of Queen Elizabeth I, bringing about a "Union of the Crowns". Also after the accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714, the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover., Ireland (Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth., The Irish Sea (, , , Ulster-Scots: "Airish Sea"), separates the islands of Ireland and Great Britain. It is connected to the Celtic Sea in the south by St George's Channel, and to the Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland in the north by the North Channel. Anglesey is the largest island within the Irish Sea, followed by the Isle of Man. The sea is occasionally, but rarely, referred to as the Manx Sea., Great Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , Great Britain is the largest European island and the ninth-largest in the world. In 2011 the island had a population of about 61million people, making it the world's third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan. The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it, and together these islands, along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands, comprise the British Isles archipelago., Thomas Williamson , Baron Williamson , CBE ( 2 September 1897 -- 27 February 1983 ) was a trade unionist and Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom . He was General Secretary of the National Union of General and Municipal Workers from 1946 to 1961 , and President of the Trades Union Congress from 1957 to 1958 . At the 1945 general election , he was elected as Member of Parliament for the Brigg constituency in Lincolnshire . He resigned his seat in 1948 , and the resulting by - election was won by Labour 's Lance Mallalieu . Williamson was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) in 1950 , and was knighted in 1956 . Williamson was created a life peer on 15 May 1962 , with the title Baron Williamson , of Ecccleston in the Borough of St. Helens in the County Palatine of Lancaster . He died in 1983 , aged 85 ., Ireland, also described as the Republic of Ireland ('), is a sovereign state in north-western Europe occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, which is located on the eastern part of the island, and whose metropolitan area is home to around a third of the country's 4.75 million inhabitants. The state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom. It is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Celtic Sea to the south, Saint George's Channel to the south-east, and the Irish Sea to the east. It is a unitary, parliamentary republic. The legislature, the ', consists of a lower house, ', an upper house, ', and an elected President (') who serves as the largely ceremonial head of state, but with some important powers and duties. The head of government is the ' (Prime Minister, literally 'Chief', a title not used in English), who is elected by the Dail and appointed by the President, and appoints other government ministers., Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries., The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about . It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. It separates the "Old World" from the "New World"., Northern Ireland (; Ulster Scots: "") is a top-level constituent unit of the United Kingdom in the northeast of Ireland. It is variously described as a country, province, region, or "part" of the United Kingdom, amongst other terms. Northern Ireland shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. In 2011, its population was 1,810,863, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the UK's population. Established by the Northern Ireland Act 1998 as part of the Good Friday Agreement, the Northern Ireland Assembly holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters, while other areas are reserved for the British government. Northern Ireland co-operates with the Republic of Ireland in some areas, and the Agreement granted the Republic the ability to "put forward views and proposals" with "determined efforts to resolve disagreements between the two governments"., The North Sea is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. An epeiric (or "shelf") sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north. It is more than long and wide, with an area of around ., A trade union (British EnglishAustralian EnglishNew Zealand EnglishSouth African English / Caribbean English; also trades union), labour union (Canadian English), or labor union (American English) is an organization of workers who have come together to achieve common goals such as protecting the integrity of its trade, improving safety standards, achieving higher pay and benefits such as health care and retirement, increasing the number of employees an employer assigns to complete the work, and better working conditions. The trade union, through its leadership, bargains with the employer on behalf of union members (rank and file members) and negotiates labour contracts (collective bargaining) with employers. The most common purpose of these associations or unions is "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment". This may include the negotiation of wages, work rules, complaint procedures, rules governing hiring, firing and promotion of workers, benefits, workplace safety and policies., British English is the English language as spoken and written in the United Kingdom or, more broadly, throughout the British Isles. Slight regional variations exist in formal, written English in the United Kingdom. For example, the adjective "wee" is almost exclusively used in parts of Scotland and Northern Ireland, and occasionally Yorkshire, whereas "little" is predominant elsewhere. Nevertheless, there is a meaningful degree of uniformity in "written" English within the United Kingdom, and this could be described by the term "British English". The forms of "spoken" English, however, vary considerably more than in most other areas of the world where English is spoken, so a uniform concept of British English is more difficult to apply to the spoken language. According to Tom McArthur in the "Oxford Guide to World English", British English shares "all the ambiguities and tensions in the word "British" and as a result can be used and interpreted in two ways, more broadly or more narrowly, within a range of blurring and ambiguity.", The Celtic Sea (; ) is the area of the Atlantic Ocean off the south coast of Ireland bounded to the east by Saint George's Channel; other limits include the Bristol Channel, the English Channel, and the Bay of Biscay, as well as adjacent portions of Wales, Cornwall, Devon, and Brittany. The southern and western boundaries are delimited by the continental shelf, which drops away sharply. The Isles of Scilly are an archipelago of small islands in the sea., Subject: tom williamson, Relation: given_name, Options: (A) an (B) are (C) asia (D) brittany (E) devon (F) france (G) george (H) home (I) king (J) lies (K) many (L) may (M) queen (N) st george (O) tom (P) water
Ex Output: | tom | fc-sni-wiki_hop | 0 | 90aa34d037e3f1caf92f1911f922b192d82611f38ad0146b7d35b306b5b84b8c |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
Part 2. Example
Passage: Nearing London, Oliver encounters Jack Dawkins, a pickpocket more commonly known by the nickname the "Artful Dodger", and his sidekick, a boy of a humorous nature named Charley Bates, but Oliver's innocent and trusting nature fails to see any dishonesty in their actions. The Dodger provides Oliver with a free meal and tells him of a gentleman in London who will "give him lodgings for nothing, and never ask for change". Grateful for the unexpected assistance, Oliver follows the Dodger to the "old gentleman's" residence. In this way Oliver unwittingly falls in with an infamous Jewish criminal known as Fagin, the gentleman of whom the Artful Dodger spoke. Ensnared, Oliver lives with Fagin and his gang of juvenile pickpockets in their lair at Saffron Hill for some time, unaware of their criminal occupations. He believes they make wallets and handkerchiefs.
Answer: Who believes Fagin's gang make wallets and handkerchiefs?.
Explanation: This question is based on the following sentence in the passage "He believes they make wallets and handkerchiefs". It evaluates the understanding that the pronoun "he" refers to name "Oliver". You can ask questions like this one about most pronouns in a paragraph.
Part 3. Exercise
Passage: In the year 1999 the world is in the midst of an environmental holocaust, the result of a series of solar flares which have scorched the Earth for the last 30 years. Exposure to the flares results in a radiation poisoning which causes the affected to degenerate into psychotic killers. The vast majority of the world's population is dead, the world is desolate and arid, and in the United States the government and military now only control New York City and Washington DC. Otherwise, what is left of humanity is divided between militarised encampments protecting pockets of the unaffected survivors, and roving groups of slavers and scavengers. Unradiated water, gasoline and women have become precious resources which the surviving groups hoard jealously and are willing to kill to obtain.
John Travis, is the leader of a security patrol for one of the compounds led by Prescott when he and his squad are sent to investigate reports of a slaver auction of female captives. Suspecting that notorious bandit leader Wraith is there, he is ordered to break up the auction and kill Wraith if possible. The raid goes badly, however, as the group are forced to open fire, resulting in the deaths of all of Travis' comrades along with several dozen slavers and scavengers. Calling for backup, Travis is told that due to solar flare activity he is not only alone but he cannot be allowed back into the safety of his home compound. Wraith, learning of the identity of his attacker, conducts a ritual sacrifice of a woman and swears before his men that the next sacrifice will be of Travis.
Answer: | What's the first name of the man who can't return to his home? | fc-sni-quoref | 0 | 073defcb09673a0e55a97ae133944b623708181f854550bc967bc115f633f44f |
In this task, you will be presented with a text, a pronoun from the text, and two candidate names. You should determine what the pronoun refers to and classify the answers into A, B, or Neither. A and B here are referring to option A and option B. Position of the pronoun in the text is showed within two "_"s.
Ex Input:
They had seven children before Tyler died in 1862, and his wife never remarried. In 1888, Julia Gardiner told journalist Nelly Bly that at the moment of the Peacemaker explosion ''I fainted and did not revive until someone was carrying me off the boat, and I struggled so that I almost knocked us both off the gangplank''. _She_ said she later learned that President Tyler was her rescuer. <sep>, Pronoun: She <sep>, A: Julia Gardiner <sep>, B: Nelly Bly
Ex Output:
A
Ex Input:
It is picked up by a bystander, emptied of its cash, and shoved into a wastebasket. Without the wallet, there is no way to immediately identify the body as Bullard. George Caswell, a member of the Tredway board of directors and one of the investment bankers with whom Bullard had just met, sees what _he_believes is Bullard's body in the street below their offices and decides to profit from the information. <sep>, Pronoun: he <sep>, A: George Caswell <sep>, B: Bullard
Ex Output:
A
Ex Input:
In 1985, she was awarded a National Heritage Fellowship. Ledford was born along the banks of the Red River in rural Powell County, Kentucky in 1917. She was the seventh of fourteen children born to tenant farmer Daw White Ledford and wife Stella May Tackett. _Her_ father taught her to play banjo at a young age, and by age 12 she had learned to play the fiddle. <sep>, Pronoun: Her <sep>, A: Daw White Ledford <sep>, B: Stella May Tackett
Ex Output: | Neither | fc-sni-gap | 0 | 34645a56a61d96bcbe4334f24601ed285c18e2e4e3a73df944884a1b957eeb58 |
You are given first 5 messages from a series of message exchanges between 2 persons playing the game of Diplomacy which is an American strategic board game. You need to generate the next message. The message should be generated such that it fits the context seen so far. Avoid the text that is (i) tangent to the context, (ii) repeats the context.
Q: ['Hallo there my dearest Sultan! A pleasure to meet you 😄', 'Hello monsieur President. Greater pleasure would be to work together.', 'I would love for that too. How do things in the east seem to be developing?', "They're going slowly but steady, soon steamy. And what about the western part?", 'The battle for Belgium will be interesting for sure 😅']
A: | Just a head up here, Austria wants food relations with me currently but wants me to have Rum. I will go for it but I expect you will take it with support which is OK with me. | fc-sni-diplomacy_detection | 0 | 42ebb71c3f9b796baa6cc672b2d486e675d8d2e61195347812017b70d3818b62 |
Instructions: In this task, you are given a review of movie. Your task is to classify given movie review into two categories: 1) positive, and 2) negative based on its content.
Input: this movie is, despite its "independent" status, a stupid hollywood version of a nauseating mother-daughter relationship. it wasnt that bad at first, but somewhere during the course of the movie--around the time that the daughter goes out with that guy, i think--it turns into a cheesey mother-daughter bonding movie. im sorry, but i dont know of any mothers who have that kind of relationship with their daughter...its probably better that way, though.
Output: | negative | fc-sni-imdb | 0 | 67a95b86d7baa3c47896d60b81b52120f38a34a2d45470bb0df5e8cac97cf085 |
Teacher:In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Text: happened six years ago when i was in high school.
algebra teacher does roll call and heads over to his desk to plug his computer in to the projector. meanwhile he says something to the effect of
"ok, we're going to start off class by solving a few systems of equations problems, then we will split into groups and use those concepts to solve a some word problems"
as the projector screen comes up the whole class can see his last open application was an internet search for some type of alcohol purchase. i never even saw what the exact phrase was, but the whole class could tell by the pictures that came up as advertisements next to the search results.
me being the smartass that i am said
"looks like first we should solve a drinking problem".
three days suspension. grounded for two weeks by my parents. not even like he was an actual alcoholic (afaik)
Student: | TIFU by joking that a teacher was an alcoholic | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | b7d1a5f2ee3f7f7a3edcb66285daffa6a7a2661d39a71cc11e4fb06a30472bdf |
Instructions: Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
Input: Personality: My favorite book is anne of green gables.
I love owning nice office supplies.
I've always wanted a pot bellied pig.
I won a beauty pageant one time but didn t feel like it was worth the effort.
Chat history: -Hello! What kind of music do you like?
-I am into hard rock. How about you?
-Not far off! I like classic rock. I am older though.
-I appreciate classic rock as well. Particularly April wine.
-Nice. I think I am one of the few at college that still listens.
-Cool. Ever had to read anne of green gables? Great book.
-That's a great book. I watch more basketball than read however.
-Fair enough. I think I spend more money on office supplies than books though.
-Coffee is expensive. I spend a lot of money on vegetables.
-That's good. Fresh veggies, or frozen?
-The fresher, the better! Sometimes frozen are good standbys though.
Output: | Agreed. How do you feel about pot bellied pigs? | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | a1ad5352464f32cb2b0f6918e837bce6f6eb63afd2c9092004efd7bb5fcfe711 |
In this task, the input is a set of dialogues between a user and an assistant. You need to find the dialogue that is basically a response given to a question or an aspect of the user.
Q: Hey! Can you please teach me about Ivory Coast?
The capital has been Yamoussoukro since 1983 while Abidjan was the administrative center.
You're welcome!
Yes please, what can you tell me on its politics?
Do you know what countries border Ivory Coast?
A: | The capital has been Yamoussoukro since 1983 while Abidjan was the administrative center. | fc-sni-curiosity_dialogs | 0 | 1b7c5a0e7a537ac8245c6bbdbe962347ac6b7af43862967fddb53c80d019fba4 |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
PROBLEM: Simple Summary: Rearing of replacement female calves on a dairy farm is of critical importance to maintain herd sizes, improve the genetic quality of the herd, and remain economically sustainable. A 2-year investment period is needed for replacement female heifers to grow before entering the milking herd. The management of replacements over this 2-year period can vary greatly among operations, making it difficult to compare producers' cost to benchmark. The objective of this project was to develop a model to calculate the cost of rearing a replacement heifer from birth to weaning under different housing, milk source, allotments, and labor and health management decisions to be used as a dairy farm decision support tool. We calculated the cost for management options with general cost values. We found that the average feed cost represented 46% of the total cost while labor, and fixed and variable costs represented 33%, 9%, and 12%, respectively. The total cost increased as milk allotment increased, but cost per Kg of gain decreased. The ranges in total cost within each management scenario often exceed the difference in cost from one scenario to the next. In conclusion, variable costs have the potential to vary among operations, playing a major role in the total cost of rearing replacements from birth to weaning. Abstract: Dairy calves are raised in various housing and feeding environments on dairy farms around North America. The objective of this study was to develop a simulation model to calculate the cost of raising replacement dairy heifers using different inputs that reflect different management decisions and evaluate their influence on the total cost. In this simulation, 84 calves were modeled between 0-2 months of age to reflect a 1000 heifer herd. The decisions associated with housing, liquid diet source and allowance, labor utilization, and health were calculated. Costs and biological responses were reflective of published surveys, literature, and market conditions. A 10,000-iteration economic simulation was used for each management scenario using @Risk and PrecisionTree add-ons (Palisade Corporation, Ithaca, NY, USA) to account for variation in pre-weaning mortality rate, weaning age, and disease prevalence. As milk allotment increased, total feed cost increased. Feeding calves a higher allowance of milk resulted in a lower cost per kg of gain. Average feed cost percentage of the total cost was 46% (min, max: 33%, 59%) while labor, and fixed and variable cost represented 33% (20%, 45%), 9% (2%, 12%), and 12% (10%, 14%), respectively. Total pre-weaning costs ranged from $258.56 to $582.98 per calf across all management scenarios and milk allotments. project administration, J.H.C.C. The authors would like to thank Dannon for their continued support of this project.
SOLUTION: An Economic Analysis of the Costs Associated with Pre-Weaning Management Strategies for Dairy Heifers
PROBLEM: Recently, AdvanSure™️ kit based on multiplex real-time PCR was developed for simultaneous detection of 14 respiratory viruses (RVs). We compared the performance of AdvanSure with those of Seeplex®️ RV 15 ACE and culture by determining their sensitivities and specificities against a composite reference standard. Four hundred thirty-seven respiratory samples were tested by modified shell vial culture method, RV 15 ACE, and AdvanSure. One hundred fourteen samples (26.2%) out of 437 samples were positive by culture, while additional 91 (20.8%) were positive by AdvanSure or RV15. One hundred twelve of 114 culture-positive samples were positive by AdvanSure except 2 samples (1 adenovirus, 1 respiratory syncytial virus [RSV]). Overall, the sensitivities of culture, RV15, and AdvanSure were 74.5%, 89.8%, and 95.1%, respectively. Sensitivities of culture, RV15, and AdvanSure for each virus tested were as follows: 91/100/96% for influenza A, 60/0/100% for influenza B, 63/95/97% for RSV, 69/81/89% for adenovirus, and 87/93/93% for parainfluenza virus. For viruses not covered by culture, sensitivities of RV15 and AdvanSure were as follows: 77/88% for rhinovirus, 100/100% for coronavirus OC43, 40/100% for coronavirus 229E/NL63, 13/100% for metapneumovirus, and 44/100% for bocavirus. The overall specificities of culture, RV15, and AdvanSure were 100/98.9/ 99.5%, respectively. Of 45 coinfected specimens, AdvanSure detected 41 specimens (91.1%) as coinfected, while RV15 detected 27 specimens (60.0%) as coinfected. AdvanSure assay demonstrated exquisite performance for the detection of RVs and will be a valuable tool for the management of RV infection.
SOLUTION: Evaluation of the AdvanSure™️ real-time RT-PCR compared with culture and Seeplex RV15 for simultaneous detection of respiratory viruses
PROBLEM: Automatic detection of cases of febrile illness may have potential for early detection of outbreaks of infectious disease either by identification of anomalous numbers of febrile illness or in concert with other information in diagnosing specific syndromes, such as febrile respiratory syndrome. At most institutions, febrile information is contained only in free-text clinical records. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of three fever detection algorithms for detecting fever from free-text. Keyword CC and CoCo classified patients based on triage chief complaints; Keyword HP classified patients based on dictated emergency department reports. Keyword HP was the most sensitive (sensitivity 0.98, specificity 0.89), and Keyword CC was the most specific (sensitivity 0.61, specificity 1.0). Because chief complaints are available sooner than emergency department reports, we suggest a combined application that classifies patients based on their chief complaint followed by classification based on their emergency department report, once the report becomes available.
SOLUTION: | Fever detection from free-text clinical records for biosurveillance | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | e4839073bf123c74b8c7db9a41b5df3dee30833c435796ceb23b860def81451a |
Detailed Instructions: Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Problem:By Aled ap DafyddBBC Wales political correspondent In a speech at the party's conference in Llangollen, Denbighshire, Adam Price outlined what two terms of a Plaid government would hope to achieve. Mr Price made several proposals for a "vibrant, confident, successful nation" to be achieved by 2030. He also called Wales "a wealthy country whose people live in poverty". Mr Price, AM for Carmarthen East and Dinefwr, said the party will "tackle the myth" Wales is a poor nation by claiming, in terms of per capita income, it is richer than "every nation in Asia bar two, every nation in the Americas bar two, and richer than more than half of Europe". Under the pledge, if elected, Plaid Cymru would establish a Wales national carrier with direct connections to the Americas and mainland Europe, create a national energy grid, set up a national housing company and provide free university education for Welsh students. A referendum on Wales' constitutional future would be held at the end of the second term of a Plaid government, which Mr Price said would "ask this coming generation where they want Wales to be mid-century and will include independence as a realistic option", he said. "Are you ready to add your voice to that greatest of all causes?" Mr Price asked party members, as he rounded off the closing speech of the conference. "To liberate this nation from poverty, from sickness, from ignorance and timidity. "Are you with us? Then let the work begin." Speaking at the spring conference on Friday, party leader Leanne Wood said Plaid Cymru members needed to stand "shoulder to shoulder" in order to dislodge Labour. She said hers was the only party that could offer an alternative Welsh government, following a call from two Plaid MPs to reposition the party in the centre and to be open to working with the Tories. Speaking to BBC Wales on Saturday, Ms Wood said: "The centre in Wales is Welsh Labour and that place is filled, you could argue."
Solution: | Plaid Cymru 'would hold Wales independence referendum' | fc-sni-xlsum | 0 | 74c03263d5097d18fabd502e7e9898ca1ceafe19b3071c710f3af38cc3d3966d |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you're given the title of a five-sentence story, the first four sentences, and two options for the fifth sentence as a and b. Your job is to pick the sentence option that seamlessly connects with the rest of the story, indicating your choice as 'a' or 'b'. If both sentences are plausible, pick the one that makes more sense.
Title: Graduation Day. Sentence 1: Cathy had been waiting four years for her graduation. Sentence 2: Cathy had worked very hard to attain her Bachelor's Degree. Sentence 3: Cathy had invited numerous family and friends to her graduation. Sentence 4: Cathy could not wait to walk across the stage to get her degree. Choices: a. Cathy was very proud of her accomplishment. b. But he kept looking out the window and admiring the truck. | a | fc-sni-rocstories | 0 | 4cf2bbde07396f569a0b964ed3081a02918664575bd3698e5aa40906a81b0700 |
Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Let me give you an example: Context: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation in CRS; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to identify ILC2s in sinus mucosa in patients with CRS and controls and compare ILC2s across characteristics of disease. A cross-sectional study of patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies were obtained during surgery and control tissue from patients undergoing pituitary tumour resection through transphenoidal approach. ILC2s were identified as CD45(+) Lin(-) CD127(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) CRTH2(CD294)(+) CD161(+) cells in single cell suspensions through flow cytometry. ILC2 frequencies, measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells, were compared across CRS phenotype, endotype, inflammatory CRS subtype and other disease characteristics including blood eosinophils, serum IgE, asthma status and nasal symptom score. 35 patients (40% female, age 48 17 years) including 13 with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS), 13 with non-eCRS and 9 controls were recruited. ILC2 frequencies were associated with the presence of nasal polyps (P = 0.002) as well as high tissue eosinophilia (P = 0.004) and eosinophil-dominant CRS (P = 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U). They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia (P = 0.005). There were no significant associations found between ILC2s and serum total IgE and allergic disease. In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (P = 0.03). ILC2s were also correlated with worsening nasal symptom score in CRS (P = 0.04).
Answer: As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. ILC2s are also linked with high tissue and blood eosinophilia and have a potential role in the activation and survival of eosinophils during the Th2 immune response. The association of innate lymphoid cells in CRS provides insights into its pathogenesis.
The answer to this example can be: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?
Here is why: The question is based on the following sentences from the two passages (i) Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) {ii) In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (iii) As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. and (iv) ILC2s are also linked with high tissue and blood eosinophilia.
OK. solve this:
Context: In patients undergoing total knee replacement (TKR), most blood loss occurs post-operatively, and the return of unwashed filtered shed blood (USB) from post-operative drainage may represent an alternative to allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT). We evaluated the impact of USB return on the cellular immune response (CIR) after TKR.', 'Forty TKR patients, intended to receive post-operative USB, entered the study. Blood samples were obtained before and 6 h, 24 h, 72 h and 7 days after surgery, and from USB, after it had been passed through a 40-microm filter. Full blood cell counts, lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) were measured in all samples. A set of clinical data was collected from each patient.', 'Twenty-four of the 25 patients received a mean of 1.2 USB units and did not need additional ABT (USB group). Twelve of the 15 remaining patients who received neither USB nor ABT served as a control group for the post-operative CIR study. All patients showed a post-operative decrease in T-cell and natural killer (NK) cell counts, but not B-cell counts, and there were no significant differences between the groups with regard to CIR parameters, post-operative infection or hospital stay.
Answer: Post-operative salvage and return of USB after TKR does not seem to increase the post-operative infection rate or hospital stay, and does not modify CIR induced by surgery. These findings add to the clinical experience that post-operative USB return, as a source of autologous blood, is safe, and questions the beneficial effect of blood washing.
Answer: | Does post-operative unwashed shed blood transfusion modify the cellular immune response to surgery for total knee replacement? | fc-sni-pubmed_qa | 0 | c31bcf00b75a6c267e9362d40c5872e3a306b31ae6918cd2e75ed042861f3aef |
instruction:
Your task is to generate the next utterance in a given dialogue. You will be given a few sentences describing the personality of the person who is making the dialogue, and a history of the dialogue after that. Each line in the history is said by one of the two participants in the conversation.
question:
Personality: I'm a jack of all, master of none.
I am male.
I live to not disappoint my loved ones.
My weakness are sweets.
I'm unsociable.
Chat history: -Top of the morning to you!
-Likewise, I'm sure. You like football?
-Yeah, man! I love football! Who is your favorite team?
-No doubt about it. Packers.
-I'm more of a college football fan. Roll tide!
-Crimson tide? Great movie, by the way who are they?
answer:
Alabama. Are you into college football at all?
question:
Personality: My parents live across the street from me.
I'm in grad school.
I work in a coffee shop.
My favorite drink is caramel cappuccino.
Chat history: -Hi how are you today.
-I'm doing well, what would you like to do before you die?
-Probably have more coffee ha.
-Haha, I would like to write a book. I would need a lot of coffee for that.
-I work at a coffee place I can help.
-That's perfect. I'm a little weird though. I really like unicorns.
-Where do your parents live?
-They live in the same town as I teach middle school in, Chicago.
answer:
Mine literally live across the road.
question:
Personality: I am a reality tv star.
My mother is a school teacher.
I like to surf.
I listen to country music.
Chat history: -Hi how are you doing?
-I'm good. How are you doing today?
answer: | I am good thanks for asking. | fc-sni-personachat | 0 | ef9faa020742e88af46d563eba57c20c69c34e11b7d2c79ec939bdd42bfebe13 |
In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.
The problem of verifying whether a textual hypothesis holds based on the given evidence, also known as fact verification, plays an important role in the study of natural language understanding and semantic representation. However, existing studies are mainly restricted to dealing with unstructured evidence (e.g., natural language sentences and documents, news, etc), while verification under structured evidence, such as tables, graphs, and databases, remains unexplored. This paper specifically aims to study the fact verification given semi-structured data as evidence. To this end, we construct a large-scale dataset called TabFact with 16k Wikipedia tables as the evidence for 118k human-annotated natural language statements, which are labeled as either ENTAILED or REFUTED. TabFact is challenging since it involves both soft linguistic reasoning and hard symbolic reasoning. To address these reasoning challenges, we design two different models: Table-BERT and Latent Program Algorithm (LPA). Table-BERT leverages the state-of-the-art pre-trained language model to encode the linearized tables and statements into continuous vectors for verification. LPA parses statements into LISP-like programs and executes them against the tables to obtain the returned binary value for verification. Both methods achieve similar accuracy but still lag far behind human performance. We also perform a comprehensive analysis to demonstrate great future opportunities. | We propose a new dataset to investigate the entailment problem under semi-structured table as premise | fc-sni-scitldr | 0 | 61be98e4a9c11aa67665b6ee61b04d9ef12144f63d951ff5a1d5bac969b02714 |
In this task you will be given a claim and a perspective. You should determine whether that perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with different view, it is supporting, otherwise it is undermining.
Example Input: claim: The use of mobile phones has lowered active social life and has become an addiction.
perspective: Cellphones are used to avoid emotional confrontation and real human contact
Example Output: support
Example Input: claim: Same sex relationships should have the same legal status as heterosexual relationships under EU law.
perspective: Same-Sex marriages should have the same legal protections as regular marriages.
Example Output: support
Example Input: claim: Tennessee is correct to protect teachers who wish to explore the merits of creationism.
perspective: Evolution is allowed to be explored along with other theories.
Example Output: | support | fc-sni-perspectrum | 0 | 90c95beab690e668ce32f529a97594ae923173b42c88c95d4c8679158f75b5b1 |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
PROBLEM: Background: Complement proteins and activation products have been found associated with neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, a C5a receptor antagonist was shown to suppress neuropathology in two murine models of AD, Tg2576 and 3xTg. Previously, a genetic deficiency of C1q in the Tg2576 mouse model showed an accumulation of fibrillar plaques similar to the complement sufficient Tg2576, but reactive glia were significantly decreased and neuronal integrity was improved suggesting detrimental consequences for complement activation in AD. The goal of this study was to define the role of the classical complement activation pathway in the progression of pathology in the 3xTg mouse that develops tangles in addition to fibrillar plaques (more closely reflecting human AD pathology) and to assess the influence of complement in a model of AD with a higher level of complement hemolytic activity. Methods: 3xTg mice deficient in C1q (3xTgQ-/-) were generated, and both 3xTg and 3xTgQ-/-were backcrossed to the BUB mouse strain which has higher in vitro hemolytic complement activity. Mice were aged and perfused, and brain sections stained for pathological markers or analyzed for proinflammatory marker expression. Results: 3xTgQ-/-mice showed similar amounts of fibrillar amyloid, reactive glia and hyperphosphorylated tau as the C1q-sufficient 3xTg at the ages analyzed. However, 3xTg and 3xTgQ-/-on the BUB background developed pathology earlier than on the original 3xTg background, although the presence of C1q had no effect on neuropathological and pro-inflammatory markers. In contrast to that seen in other transgenic models of AD, C1q, C4 and C3 immunoreactivity was undetectable on the plaques of 3xTg in any background, although C3 was associated with reactive astrocytes surrounding the plaques. Importantly, properdin a component of the alternative complement pathway was associated with plaques in all models. Conclusions: In contrast to previously investigated transgenic models of AD, development of neuropathology in 3xTg mice, which progresses much slower than other murine models, may not be influenced by fibrillar amyloid mediated activation of the classical complement pathway, suggesting that the alternative complement pathway activation or a C3-independent cleavage of C5 could account for the detrimental effects in these mice that are prevented by the C5a receptor antagonist. Furthermore, the paucity of complement activation may be a factor in the slower kinetics of progression of pathology in the 3xTg model of this disease.
SOLUTION: Contribution of complement activation pathways to neuropathology differs among mouse models of Alzheimer's disease
PROBLEM: Understanding viral transmission dynamics within populations of reservoir hosts can facilitate greater knowledge of the spillover of emerging infectious diseases. While bat-borne viruses are of concern to public health, investigations into their dynamics have been limited by a lack of longitudinal data from individual bats. Here, we examine capture-mark-recapture (CMR) data from a species of Australian bat (Myotis macropus) infected with a putative novel Alphacoronavirus within a Bayesian framework. Then, we developed epidemic models to estimate the effect of persistently infectious individuals (which shed viruses for extensive periods) on the probability of viral maintenance within the study population. We found that the CMR data analysis supported grouping of infectious bats into persistently and transiently infectious bats. Maintenance of coronavirus within the study population was more likely in an epidemic model that included both persistently and transiently infectious bats, compared with the epidemic model with non-grouping of bats. These findings, using rare CMR data from longitudinal samples of individual bats, increase our understanding of transmission dynamics of bat viral infectious diseases.
SOLUTION: Persistent infections support maintenance of a coronavirus in a population of Australian bats (Myotis macropus)
PROBLEM: This study numerically investigated the thermal effect of human body on the time-dependent dispersion of cough droplets with evaporation process. The thermal flow of human body was imitated using a 3D thermal manikin with real body features, while a recent developed multi-component Eulerian-Lagrangian approach was used to address the effects of inhomogeneous temperature and humidity fields on droplet evaporation. By comparing the results yielded without and with the human body heat, the outcomes demonstrated strong impact of human body heat on the droplets mass fraction and local air velocity distributions. Inspirable droplets could potentially drop into respirable droplets by evaporation, although the evaporation rate was not significantly affected by body heat. The thermal effect of human body revealed its vital impacts on the time-dependent droplets dispersion. Due to the buoyancy driven thermal flow, both the vertical velocity and displacement of small droplets (20 m) were completely reversed from descending to ascending, while the deposition time of large droplets (50 m) were significantly delayed. With the reduced droplet size by evaporation and droplets lifted into breathing zone by human thermal effect, the inhalability and infection risks of cough droplets would be much higher in real occupied indoor spaces.
SOLUTION: | Thermal effect of human body on cough droplets evaporation and dispersion in an enclosed space | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 3e2970e791e3b586a97d9596e3f9797c5263fbd447bce74f0955dabd26fd5ad6 |
Detailed Instructions: You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
Problem:My sister in law was up for a visit this weekend, so I thought it's be a perfect time to test out this coffee. Neither of us were impressed. It didn't have a great flavor and she thought the texture was a bit oily. As far as low-acid goes, it did seem like it would be good in that department, but the taste made it so it wasn't worth drinking.
Solution: | Negative | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | 08ddd7912421b39497a3a6cc284646603b521a8bb9c8caab30eb9a5d07dd4b32 |
You are given a paragraph (Passage), a question (Question) and two answer options (Option1 and Option2). Your task is to find the correct answer (and return the string of the correct option, not option1/2) for the given question from the given options and based on the given passage. Answer of the question can be found directly from the passage.
Input: Consider Input: Passage: Last week my boss told me that I needed to go to a meeting in New York . I decided the best way to get to New York was to take a train . I went online and bought a train ticket that would get me there well ahead of the meeting start time . On the day of the trip I went to the train station and stood in line at the ticket counter . When I got to the front of the line I told the agent my name and they pulled up my reservation on their computer and printed out a paper ticket . Once I left the counter I went to the gate to wait for my train to come . When my train arrived , everyone waiting for that train lined up and walked through the gate while the attendant checked our tickets . Once I walked through the gate , I went outside and boarded the train . Thankfully I was able to sit alone , and I pulled out a magazine to read . A little while after the train started moving the conductor walked through the train car to check everyone 's ticket . Now I could enjoy my train ride and get back to reading my magazine . A little while later the conductor announced that the train had arrived in New York . The train came to a stop , and I got off of the train along with everyone else . I was pleased that I had a pleasant train ride , and I walked quickly through the train station to go outside and catch a cab to get to my meeting . Question: When did they leave the counter? Option1: After the ticket was printed out and handed over. Option2: after boarding the train
Output: After the ticket was printed out and handed over.
Input: Consider Input: Passage: I pulled my favorite shirt out of the dryer . It was completely wrinkled . I knew I could n't wear the shirt looking like that . I grabbed the iron and plugged it in . While I was waiting for the iron to get hot , I arranged my shirt on the board . Once the iron was completely hot , it was time to start . I could n't go too slow though . Going too slow would leave burn marks on the shirt ! It took me a few minutes but I finally finished ironing the shirt . I walked over and unplugged the iron . I waited until the iron cooled off . Then I put the iron and the board away . Question: What was used on the shirt? Option1: Iron Option2: The ironing board
Output: Iron
Input: Consider Input: Passage: Its Friday night and I have a date set up with my husband to go to a new restaurant they opened in a nearby town . We have been looking forward to go out all week because my husband has been very busy with work all week and has n't really had any time to relax . I have been swamped at work also ; but I took time out of work early that Friday to get ready . I want to pull out all the stops and look as if we were going out when we were boyfriend and girlfriend . I arrive home early and pull out the new dress I bought ages ago just for an occasion as tonight . He tells me after dinner that he has a surprise for me . So I get more excited and hurry to finish getting ready . He is ready in twenty minutes and is waiting while I take another twenty to get ready . When I walk downstairs he looks at me as if we were still going out and that puts a smile on my face immediately . We make our reservations to the Italiano restaurant on time and have a wonderful dinner and enjoy our time together . He ca n't take his eyes off of me and I ca n't either . Then after dinner , he takes me to his surprise , which is dancing at a small jazz club he recently discovered . Knowing that this date will never end since we already live together and are happily married . Question: What will tonight be ? Option1: work Option2: date night | Output: date night | fc-sni-mcscript | 0 | 11171ded308714e9af178e23bd3fb64e70850cfa27b6e0b3b643d1203f72fafd |
Teacher:In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: His name originally meant "wielder of missiles", and one of his feats was accomplished at the spring of Peirene. This man, who was sent to kill the Solymi tribe, fathered two daughters, Laodameia and Deidameia, and Stheneboea unsuccessfully attempted to seduce him. He sought out the advice of Polydius, and he carried a letter with instructions for his own death to Iobates, the uncle of Proteus. The sting of a gadfly caused his mount to throw him to earth, but Athena gave him a soft landing. He used a golden bridle to obtain his mount, and then killed a monster with the head of a lion and tail of a dragon. For ten points, name this hero who slew the Chimera with the help of Pegasus.
Student: | Social Science | fc-sni-qanta | 0 | 783305fd90b134016119756c34591a820d79a2990f4be423d304cacaa1b7eb06 |
Detailed Instructions: You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
Q: All of the Roland products are top quality. Roland's caviar is the real deal, unlike some other brands that are really made from seaweed!
A: | Positive | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | dff3443cfe6e44eefb0c19a6bc322a04a2675079f852582000642f5f2a6be232 |
In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
Example Input: Text: this happened yesterday, but as you'll find, i wasn't exactly in the mood to be posting afterwards.
in the second week of december, i bought my first car. nothing fancy, a 12-year old ford ka [(it looked pretty much like this)](http://www.pickypencil.com/uploads/4/1/6/2/4162067/4485628_orig.jpg).
i enjoyed the freedom that driving brings, and was getting to grips with how the car handled. even better was the fact that since i bought it in winter, i was getting some experience driving in icy/snowy conditions. all was going well with my little purchase.
that was, until yesterday. it was one of those days where the sun sits low, and reflects off even the slightest bit of water on the road surface. because of this, my vision was obscured as i was driving along, meaning when i saw a set of trees in the corner of my eye i thought i was about to hit them (turns out, they were miles away, but thats besides the point). i naturally adjusted my steering to avoid them, and corrected it to pull back fully into my lane. except, i was ever so slightly ambitious with the correcting, and bumped up onto the grass verge a little.
ok, maybe more than a little. a lot. a huge fucking lot. the next thing i know is, i'm flying along this verge at around 35mph, coming to a halt, about 20 meters along. *"at least i didn't hit anything"* i thought to myself as i get out of the car to see if i damaged the front end.
oh boy was i wrong. turns out, as i went up, i had managed to tear through a telephone pole. literally **right through it.** the remainder of the shattered pole, and the cable accompanying it, sat behind my car, while the stump left in the ground by it looked as though someone had taken an axe to it.
in the course of this, i obviously managed to ruin my beautiful car, rendering it useless for anything but scrap. what i purchased 3 weeks or so ago, for 800 got picked up as scrap today for 40.
also, due to the fact that it was my fault, i'm facing a 200 and 3 penalty points on my licence.
all of this could've been avoided had i been wearing sunglasses. folks of reddit, tifu.
edit: [to the guy asking for photos/anyone else who cares](http://imgur.com/a/jbmbm)
Example Output: TIFU by not wearing sunglasses.
Example Input: Text: so this happened an hour or so ago, and i type this from my phone. so if the formatting is bad i apologize.
to start out, my dad is pretty good with computers and stuff and always stores everything he has on backup flash drives. earlier today i upset him because i had forgotten to pick up his laundry from the laundromat and apparently they gave it to some random guy. the clothes were his favorites, so i felt really bad.
he found out of course, and got really upset. i wasn't expecting him to be crazy though, so i just went downstairs to watch tv and avoid him for a while. fast forward an hour or so and i go upstairs to my room, turn on my pc, and discover hundreds (probably exaggerating) of those stupid malware things download into my c drive. like, avg safe tool thing and pc cleaner stuff. he must've had these on a flash drive somewhere? or maybe he just visited sites and downloaded them. anyways, my pc is now 20 gb full of malware. if anyone has a solution to clearing all these files that'd be great....
Example Output: TIFU by upsetting my tech-savvy dad.
Example Input: Text: so this just happened last night, it was me, my brother, and our friend (let's call him david). the only time we have gotten high is with us three because all of our friends are highly against it (we learned this the hard way). david just got back from a 2 week long vacation and we all agreed that when he got back we would get an 8th and then spend the night at a friends house. well the friends house failed and we ended up agreeing to stay in david's car because we are all blown and cannot go home high. we are chillin in his car listening to music but we get the munchies and decide to goto mcdonalds at 11:00pm. in our state you have to hold your license for 6 months before you can drive other people so we walk because it's only 1/4 a mile away. we are halfway to the mcdonalds when all of a sudden a car drives by and it's my mom... we run out of just fear as we see her brake and turn around in a driveway. we hide in a bush as she drives by but she knew she saw us (at the time she thought we were staying at our friends house that bailed on us). so i get a phone call from her and i'm trying to think of a plan while on cloud 9. i pick up and try to play it off saying yeah i just saw you we are on our way to mcdonalds and then we are going to said friends house. so she meets us at the fast food restaurant and notices right off the bat that our eyes are bloodshot and she isn't falling for anything we say. so we finally convince her to take david back to his car and then us to the friends house which we planned on her driving away before we got to the door so that we could hide and wait for david to pick us up, but of course she comes to the door with us and the friends mom had no clue we were staying so my mom takes us back home and tells david's parents. we are all neck deep in trouble and our mom is threatening to drug test today so our lives are screwed.
Example Output: | TIFU by getting high | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | f4b2c7ff78010b8386a5dfde0c3713e4943441a7582a500de0388a4599f52d7b |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, the input is a set of dialogues between a user and an assistant. You need to find the dialogue that is basically a response given to a question or an aspect of the user.
What do you know about their culture?
Certainly, Sovereignty over Western Sahara is contested between Morocco and the Polisario Front and its legal status remains unresolved .
Very interesting!!!! Can you tell me anything about their politics?
Great! Is there anything else interesting that you can tell me?
Thank you! | Certainly, Sovereignty over Western Sahara is contested between Morocco and the Polisario Front and its legal status remains unresolved . | fc-sni-curiosity_dialogs | 0 | b1e350aed7a2bbfa8ee403bf04ac888f2429e34cdcdf97a67e9fec8b07dc949b |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Problem:was not clearly erroneous. B. Ineffective Assistance of Counsel Alternatively, Rodriguez alleges that his counsel was ineffective at rearraignment in erroneously advising him to assent to the factual basis despite his disagreements "with portions concerning various people working for him. The district court explicitly stated, however, that it was relying on the proffer, and not on the factual basis, for its finding that Rodriguez was a manager or supervisor; and this court, too, has reached its determination on the enhancement issue without reliance on the factual basis. As a result, Rodriguez was not bound by the factual basis and cannot show any prejudice arising from his attorney's performance. See Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984) (<HOLDING>). III. Conclusion Finding no clear error in the
Holding statements: (A) recognizing that defendant must show 1 that counsels performance was deficient and 2 that counsels errors prejudiced the defense (B) recognizing that in order to prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel a movant must show that he was prejudiced by his counsels performance (C) holding that a defendant must show prejudice resulting from counsels deficient performance to prevail on an ineffectiveassistance claim (D) holding that an alien must show error and substantial prejudice in order to prevail on a due process claim (E) holding petitioner must show prejudice to prevail on due process claim
Solution: | (C) | fc-sni-casehold | 0 | 9d78a3db9b63215c34c4499c94ed50cc4b0b3a117719c518be5c99ed949c9130 |
Your task is to extract the thesis of an opinionated news article by selecting some of its text segments. The thesis is a summarization of what the author wants to persuade the reader of. Your answer should consist of segments of the given text. Note that you are not allowed to combine different sentences.
Example input: Our 'impartial' broadcasters have become mouthpieces of the elite. When people say they have no politics, it means that their politics aligns with the status quo . None of us are unbiased , none removed from the question of power . We are social creatures who absorb the outlook and opinions of those with whom we associate, and unconciously echo them . Objectivity is impossible . The illusion of neutrality is one of the reasons for the rotten state of journalism, as those who might have been expected to hold power to account drift thoughtlessly into its arms . But until I came across the scandal currently erupting in Canada, I hadn't understood just how quickly standards are falling . In 2013 reporters at CBC, Canada's equivalent of the BBC, broke a major story . They discovered that RBC - Royal Bank of Canada - had done something cruel and unusual even by banking standards . It was obliging junior staff to train a group of temporary foreign workers , who would then be given the staff's jobs . Just after the first report was aired, according to the website Canadaland, something odd happened : journalists preparing to expand on the investigation were summoned to a conference call with Amanda Lang, CBC's senior business correspondent and a star presenter . The reporters she spoke to say she repeatedly attempted to scuttle the story, dismissing it as trivial and dull . They were astonished . But not half as astonished as when they discovered the following, unpublished facts . First , that Lang had spoken at a series of events run or sponsored by RBC - for which she appears, on one occasion, to have been paid around 15,000 Canadian dollars . Second , that she was booked to speak at an event sponsored by the outsourcing company the bank had hired to implement the cruel practice exposed by her colleagues . Third , that her partner is a board member at RBC . Lang then interviewed the bank's chief executive on her own show . When he dismissed the story as unfair and misleading , she did not challenge him . That evening she uncritically repeated his talking points on CBC's main current affairs programme . Her interests, again, were not revealed . Then she wrote a comment article for the Globe and Mail newspaper suggesting that her colleagues' story arose from an outdated suspicion of business, was dangerous to Canada's interests, and was nothing but "a sideshow" . Here's what she said about the bank's employment practices:"It's called capitalism, and it isn't a dirty word." Canadaland, which exposed Lang's conflicts last week, found that other journalists at the broadcaster were furious, but too frightened to speak on the record . But after CBC tried to dismiss the scandal as "half-truths based on anonymous sources" , Kathy Tomlinson, the reporter who had broken the story about the bank, bravely spoke publicly to the website . The following morning, staff in her office arrived to find this message spelt out in magnets on their fridge:"Jesse Brown snitches get stitches" . Jesse Brown is Canadaland's founder . CBC refused to answer my questions , and I have not had a response from Lang . It amazes me that she remains employed by CBC , which has so far done nothing but bluster and berate its critics . This is grotesque . But it's symptomatic of a much wider problem in journalism : those who are supposed to scrutinise the financial and political elite are embedded within it . Many belong to a service-sector aristocracy, wedded metaphorically (sometimes literally) to finance . Often unwittingly, they amplify the voices of the elite, while muffling those raised against it . A study by academics at the Cardiff School of Journalism examined the BBC Today programme's reporting of the bank bailouts in 2008 . It discovered that the contributors it chose were "almost completely dominated by stockbrokers, investment bankers, hedge fund managers and other City voices . Civil society voices or commentators who questioned the benefits of having such a large finance sector were almost completely absent from coverage." The financiers who had caused the crisis were asked to interpret it . The same goes for discussions about the deficit and the perceived need for austerity . The debate has been dominated by political and economic elites , while alternative voices - arguing that the crisis has been exaggerated, or that instead of cuts, the government should respond with Keynesian spending programmes or taxes on financial transactions, wealth or land- have scarcely been heard . Those priorities have changed your life : the BBC helped to shape the political consensus under which so many are now suffering . The BBC's business reporting breaks its editorial guidelines every day by failing to provide alternative viewpoints . Every weekday morning, the Today programme grovels to business leaders for 10 minutes . It might occasionally challenge them on the value or viability of their companies, but hardly ever on their ethics . Corporate critics are shut out of its business coverage - and almost all the rest . On BBC News at Six, the Cardiff researchers found, business representatives outnumbered trade union representatives by 19 to one . "The BBC tends to reproduce a Conservative, Eurosceptic, pro-business version of the world," the study said . This, remember, is where people turn when they don't trust the corporate press . While the way in which the media handle the stories that are covered is bad enough , the absence of coverage is even worse . If an issue does not divide the main political parties , it vanishes from view , though the parties now disagree on hardly anything . Another study reveals a near total collapse of environmental coverage on ITV and BBC news: it declined from 2.5% (ITV) and 1.6% (BBC) of total airtime in 2007 to, respectively, 0.2% and 0.3% in 2014 . There were as many news stories on these outlets about Madeleine McCann in 2014 - seven years after her disappearance - as there were about all environmental issues put together . Those entrusted to challenge power are the loyalists of power . They rage against social media and people such as Russell Brand, without seeing that the popularity of alternatives is a response to their own failures: their failure to expose the claims of the haut monde, their failure to enlist a diversity of opinion, their failure to permit the audience to see that another world is possible . If even the public sector broadcasters parrot the talking points of the elite , what hope is there for informed democratic choice? o Twitter: @georgemonbiot . A fully referenced version of this article can be found at Monbiot.com .
Example output: The illusion of neutrality is one of the reasons for the rotten state of journalism, as those who might have been expected to hold power to account drift thoughtlessly into its arms We are social creatures who absorb the outlook and opinions of those with whom we associate, and unconciously echo them
Example explanation: The text span selected for thesis is meaningful and correct. Pay attention that there can be more than one correct thesis for each article. Some meaningful subsets of this thesis also can be accepted as a thesis, like : "none of us are unbiased"
Q: The single reason why I celebrate Christmas. The December issue of the Journal of Family Psychology contains no fewer than five research papers documenting religion's positive impact on family relationships . Reading them reminds me of why I take my Christian faith seriously and the single reason I celebrate Christmas . What's that reason? It's not the wonderful lights, decorations, and music - all of which surely do help brighten our spirits and the short days of winter . It's not watching kids' faces when they lay eyes on Santa or receive the toys they wanted . It's not even the seeming overall increase in generosity and loving-kindness in the public square at this time of year . All those aspects of Christmas are precious to me . But the reason I celebrate the holiday is this: Jesus's ministry not only changed the world 2,000 years ago, it's transforming lives to this very day . The essential Christian message of a loving, forgiving God is, at this very moment, healing broken people and families all over the world in ways that deserve to be called miraculous . I could detail many true accounts of such glorious makeovers , but I'll settle for telling you just one . It's the story of how I myself wouldn't exist if it weren't for the positive impact of Christianity on my family . It begins with my maternal grandmother, Michaela Batallan (pronounced bah-tah- YAN) , who defined "liberated woman" long before the political movement of the Sixties . We grandkids called her "Titi." Titi was born in 1896 into a well-to-do Catholic family in Ciego de Avila, Camaguey, Cuba . When she was a young woman, she and her sisters emigrated to the United States all by themselves . They ended up living in Southern California . High-spirited, Titi liked to party and, one day at a dance, she met a tall, handsome ladies' man named Guadalupe Armendariz . Born in Guadalajara, Mexico, he himself liked to drink and have fun . He didn't go to church . He didn't believe in God . When Titi was 28, she married Guadalupe , who by then owned a shoe repair shop in Saticoy, California . When they had children- starting with Betty (my mom), Carlos, and Yolanda - Titi gave up partying and began attending a Pentecostal church . It infuriated my grandfather , who demanded that she stop indulging in such religious mumbo-jumbo . She didn't obey . When Carlos was seven, he was stricken with polio and eventually couldn't walk . One day, out of desperation, Titi invited the minister and people from her church to come to the house and pray for healing . My grandfather was not happy ; he wanted my grandmother to take Carlos to the Children's Hospital in Los Angeles for treatment . But that day, he witnessed something he couldn't believe nor explain . After the praying was done, Carlos immediately stood straight up and from that day onward was no longer paralyzed . My grandfather, seeing it happen with his own eyes, fell to his knees . He was never the same man again . My grandfather stopped drinking and partying and began attending church . In 1932, the entire family - my grandpa included- were baptized . Not long afterwards, the family moved to Azusa, California , where my grandfather felt called to become a minister . With the help of his young sons - Titi and he ended up having eight children: four boys, four girls - he built a church with his own hands , using materials he collected from around the neighborhood . It's still standing . Years later, Grandpa Lupe's ministry was so successful his sermons were broadcast on the radio . By and by, he accepted an invitation from my paternal grandfather - Dr Miguel Guillen, after whom I'm named- to join the Latin American Council of Christian Churches (LACCC) , of which Grandpa Guillen was president . Later, Titi stepped up and founded a sister organization - the Pro-Seminario - to raise funds for the LACCC's fledgling seminary . Just two weeks ago, in Galveston, Texas, I had the honor of preaching at the biennial convention of the LACCC . At ninety-one, it's the oldest, independent, Spanish-speaking Pentecostal organization in the country, with hundreds of churches in the United States, Mexico, and Central America . I and the many others who attended the convention also had the joy of celebrating the 60th anniversary of LACCC's seminary , which Grandma Titi helped to build . Clearly, I don't need the Journal of Family Psychology to tell me that religion has a significantly positive impact on family relationships . But in a day and age when religion is being bashed on a regular basis by pop culture , finding validation of my family's life-changing experience in a well-respected scientific publication makes for a--- well, nice Christmas gift . Yes, Jesus - Christianity - is able to dramatically improve lives . And not always just our own . When Grandma Titi had the courage and conviction to stand up to Grandpa Lupe and embrace the faith , she ended up catalyzing a miraculous change not just in her own life, but in the life of her entire family ... of the LACCC's seminary ... of my own life . If Grandma Titi hadn't invited those Elders to lay hands on my uncle Carlos . If Grandpa Lupe hadn't become a minister . If the Armendariz family hadn't joined the LACCC and met the Guillen family . Then my mother Betty wouldn't have met my father Mariano ...and I wouldn't be here to write this column . Ultimately, yes, Jesus is the reason I'm here . It's the reason I celebrate his birthday - the only reason Christmas means anything to me . For me and the two billion others on the planet whose lives have been remade , it's a time when we celebrate the incarnation of love, light, and life - the hope of a better day, a better life, a better world . Merry Christmas!
A: | The December issue of the Journal of Family Psychology contains no fewer than five research papers documenting religion's positive impact on family relationships But the reason I celebrate the holiday is this: Jesus's ministry not only changed the world 2,000 years ago, it's transforming lives to this very day | fc-sni-news_editorials | 0 | 29f20c641bd02bbfc7c28ca3d14950b3964299aa67b59808b989a05684a884a2 |
Definition: In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
Input: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ''Blunt Reservoir and Pierre Canal
Land Conveyance Act of 1999''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
Congress finds that--
(1) under the Act of December 22, 1944 (commonly known as
the ''Flood Control Act of 1944'')(58 Stat. 887, chapter 665;
33 U.S.C. 701-1 et seq.), Congress approved the Pick-Sloan
Missouri River Basin program--
(A) to promote the general economic development of
the United States;
(B) to provide for irrigation above Sioux City,
Iowa;
(C) to protect urban and rural areas from
devastating floods of the Missouri River; and
(D) for other purposes;
(2) the purpose of the Oahe Irrigation Project was to meet
the requirements of that Act by providing irrigation above
Sioux City, Iowa;
(3) the principle features of the Oahe Irrigation Project
included--
(A) a system of main canals, including the Pierre
Canal, running east from the Oahe Reservoir; and
(B) the establishment of regulating reservoirs,
including the Blunt Dam and Reservoir, located
approximately 35 miles east of Pierre, South Dakota;
(4) land to establish the Pierre Canal and Blunt Reservoir
was purchased from willing sellers between 1972 and 1977, when
construction on the Oahe Irrigation Project was halted;
(5) since 1978, the Commissioner of Reclamation has
administered the land--
(A) on a preferential lease basis to original
landowners or their descendants; and
(B) on a nonpreferential lease basis to other
persons;
(6) the 2 largest reservoirs created by the Pick-Sloan
Missouri River Basin Program, Lake Oahe and Lake Sharpe, caused
the loss of approximately 221,000 acres of fertile, wooded
bottomland in South Dakota that constituted some of the most
productive, unique, and irreplaceable wildlife habitat in the
State;
(7) the State of South Dakota has developed a plan to meet
the Federal obligation under the Fish and Wildlife Coordination
Act (16 U.S.C. 661 et seq.) to mitigate the loss of wildlife
habitat, the implementation of which is authorized by section
602 of title VI of Public Law 105-277 (112 Stat. 2681-660); and
(8) it is in the interests of the United States and the
State of South Dakota to--
(A) provide original landowners or their
descendants with an opportunity to purchase back their
land; and
(B) transfer the remaining land to the State of
South Dakota to allow implementation of its habitat
mitigation plan.
SEC. 3. BLUNT RESERVOIR AND PIERRE CANAL.
(a) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Blunt reservoir feature.--The term ''Blunt Reservoir
feature'' means the Blunt Reservoir feature of the Oahe
Irrigation Project authorized by section 9 of the Act of
December 22, 1944 (58 Stat. 891, chapter 665), as part of the
Pick-Sloan Missouri River Basin Program.
(2) Commission.--The term ''Commission'' means the
Commission of Schools and Public Lands of the State of South
Dakota.
(3) Nonpreferential lease parcel.--The term
''nonpreferential lease parcel'' means a parcel of land that--
(A) was purchased by the Secretary for use in
connection with the Blunt Reservoir feature or the
Pierre Canal feature; and
(B) is under lease to a person other than a
preferential leaseholder as of the date of enactment of
this Act.
(4) Pierre canal feature.--The term ''Pierre Canal
feature'' means the Pierre Canal feature of the Oahe Irrigation
Project authorized by section 9 of the Act of December 22, 1944
(58 Stat. 891, chapter 665), as part of the Pick-Sloan Missouri
River Basin Program.
(5) Preferential leaseholder.--The term ''preferential
leaseholder'' means a leaseholder of a parcel of land who is--
(A) the person from whom the Secretary purchased
the parcel for use in connection with the Blunt
Reservoir feature or the Pierre Canal feature;
(B) the original operator of the parcel at the time
of acquisition; or
(C) a descendant of a person described in
subparagraph (A) or (B).
(6) Preferential lease parcel.--The term ''preferential
lease parcel'' means a parcel of land that--
(A) was purchased by the Secretary for use in
connection with the Blunt Reservoir feature or the
Pierre Canal feature; and
(B) is under lease to a preferential leaseholder as
of the date of enactment of this Act.
(7) Secretary.--The term ''Secretary'' means the Secretary
of the Interior, acting through the Commissioner of
Reclamation.
(8) Unleased parcel.--The term ''unleased parcel'' means a
parcel of land that--
(A) was purchased by the Secretary for use in
connection with the Blunt Reservoir feature or the
Pierre Canal feature; and
(B) is not under lease as of the date of enactment
of this Act.
(b) Deauthorization.--The Blunt Reservoir feature is deauthorized.
(c) Conveyance.--The Secretary shall convey all of the preferential
lease parcels to the Commission, without consideration, on the
condition that the Commission honor the purchase option provided to
preferential leaseholders under subsection (d).
(d) Purchase Option.--
(1) In general.--A preferential leaseholder shall have an
option to purchase from the Commission the preferential lease
parcel that is the subject of the lease.
(2) Terms.--
(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph
(B), a preferential leaseholder may elect to purchase a
parcel on 1 of the following terms:
(i) Cash purchase for the amount that is
equal to--
(I) the value of the parcel
determined under paragraph (4); minus
(II) 10 percent of that value.
(ii) Installment purchase, with 20 percent
of the value of the parcel determined under
paragraph (4) to be paid on the date of
purchase and the remainder to be paid over not
more than 30 years at 3 percent annual
interest.
(B) Value under $10,000.--If the value of the
parcel is under $10,000, the purchase shall be made on
a cash basis in accordance with subparagraph (A)(i).
(3) Option exercise period.--
(A) In general.--A preferential leaseholder shall
have until the date that is 10 years after the date of
the conveyance under subsection (c) to exercise the
option under paragraph (1).
(B) Continuation of leases.--Until the date
specified in subparagraph (A), a preferential
leaseholder shall be entitled to continue to lease from
the Commission the parcel leased by the preferential
leaseholder under the same terms and conditions as
under the lease, as in effect as of the date of
conveyance.
(4) Valuation.--
(A) In general.--The value of a preferential lease
parcel shall be determined to be, at the election of
the preferential leaseholder--
(i) the amount that is equal to--
(I) the number of acres of the
preferential lease parcel; multiplied
by
(II) the amount of the per-acre
assessment of adjacent parcels made by
the Director of Equalization of the
county in which the preferential lease
parcel is situated; or
(ii) the amount of a valuation of the
preferential lease parcel for agricultural use
made by an independent appraiser.
(B) Cost of appraisal.--If a preferential
leaseholder elects to use the method of valuation
described in subparagraph (A)(ii), the cost of the
valuation shall be paid by the preferential
leaseholder.
(5) Conveyance to the state of south dakota.--
(A) In general.--If a preferential leaseholder
fails to purchase a parcel within the period specified
in paragraph (3)(A), the Commission shall convey the
parcel to the State of South Dakota Department of Game,
Fish, and Parks.
(B) Wildlife habitat mitigation.--Land conveyed
under subparagraph (A) shall be used by the South
Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks for the
purpose of mitigating the wildlife habitat that was
lost as a result of the development of the Pick-Sloan
project.
(6) Use of proceeds.--Of the proceeds of sales of land
under this subsection--
(A) not more than $500,000 shall be used to
reimburse the Secretary for expenses incurred in
implementing this Act;
(B) an amount not exceeding 10 percent of the cost
of each transaction conducted under this Act shall be
used to reimburse the Commission for expenses incurred
implementing this Act;
(C) $3,095,000 shall be deposited in the South
Dakota Wildlife Habitat Mitigation Trust Fund
established by section 603 of division C of Public Law
105-277 (112 Stat. 2681-663) for the purpose of paying
property taxes on land transferred to the State of
South Dakota;
(D) $100,000 shall be provided to Hughes County,
South Dakota, for the purpose of supporting public
education;
(E) $100,000 shall be provided to Sully County,
South Dakota, for the purpose of supporting public
education; and
(F) the remainder shall be used by the Commission
to support public schools in the State of South Dakota.
(e) Conveyance of Nonpreferential Lease Parcels and Unleased
Parcels.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary shall convey to the South
Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks the nonpreferential
lease parcels and unleased parcels of the Blunt Reservoir and
Pierre Canal.
(2) Wildlife habitat mitigation.--Land conveyed under
paragraph (1) shall be used by the South Dakota Department of
Game, Fish, and Parks for the purpose of mitigating the
wildlife habitat that was lost as a result of the development
of the Pick-Sloan project.
(f) Land Exchanges for Nonpreferential Lease Parcels and Unleased
Parcels.--
(1) In general.--With the concurrence of the South Dakota
Department of Game, Fish, and Parks, the South Dakota
Commission of Schools and Public Lands may allow a person to
exchange land that the person owns elsewhere in the State of
South Dakota for a nonpreferential lease parcel or unleased
parcel at Blunt Reservoir or Pierre Canal, as the case may be.
(2) Priority.--The right to exchange nonpreferential lease
parcels or unleased parcels shall be granted in the following
order of priority:
(A) Exchanges with current lessees for
nonpreferential lease parcels.
(B) Exchanges with adjoining and adjacent
landowners for unleased parcels and nonpreferential
lease parcels not exchanged by current lessees.
(g) Easement for Irrigation Pipe.--A preferential leaseholder that
purchases land at Pierre Canal or exchanges land for land at Pierre
Canal shall to allow the State of South Dakota to retain an easement on
the land for an irrigation pipe.
(h) Funding of the South Dakota Terrestrial Wildlife Habitat
Restoration Trust Fund.--Section 603(b) of title VI of Public Law 105-
277 (112 Stat. 2681-663) is amended by striking ''$108,000,000'' and
inserting ''$111,095,000''.
Output: | Blunt Reservoir and Pierre Canal Land Conveyance Act of 1999 - Deauthorizes the Blunt Reservoir feature of the Oahe Irrigation Project authorized as part of the Pick-Sloan Missouri River Basin Program.
Directs the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Commissioner of Reclamation, to convey all of the preferential lease parcels to the Commission of Schools and Public Lands of South Dakota, on the condition that the Commission honor the purchase option provided to preferential leaseholders under this Act.
Requires a preferential leaseholder to have an option to purchase from the Commission the preferential lease parcel that is the subject of the lease. Permits a preferential leaseholder to elect to purchase a parcel on one of the following terms: (1) cash purchase for the amount that is equal to the value of the parcel minus ten percent of that value; or (2) installment purchase, with 20 percent of the value of the parcel to be paid on the purchase date and the remainder to be paid over no more than 30 years at three percent annual interest. Provides that if the value of the parcel is under $10,000, the purchase shall be made on a cash basis. Provides for such leaseholders to have until ten years after the date of the conveyance to exercise such option. Requires the Commission, if a preferential leaseholder fails to purchase a parcel within such period, to convey the parcel to the State of South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks to be used for mitigating the wildlife habitat that was lost as a result of the development of the Pick-Sloan project.
Sets forth the uses of proceeds from such land sales.
Directs the Secretary, through the Commissioner, to convey to the Department the nonpreferential leased parcels and unleased parcels of the Blunt Reservoir and Pierre Canal to be used for the purpose of mitigating the wildlife habitat that was lost as a result of the development of the Pick-Sloan project.
Authorizes the Commission, with the Department's concurrence, to allow a person to exchange land that the person owns elsewhere in South Dakota for a nonpreferential lease parcel or unleased parcel at Blunt Reservoir or Pierre Canal.
Requires a preferential leaseholder that purchases land at Pierre Canal or exchanges land for land at the Canal to allow the State of South Dakota to retain an easement on the land for an irrigation pipe. | fc-sni-billsum | 0 | 4fb2633a962897f68549b7c490ddb3002ac9c7408b80fcee8d2dced558849e06 |
In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Q: Most pandemics-eg, HIV/AIDS, severe acute respiratory syndrome, pandemic influenzaoriginate in animals, are caused by viruses, and are driven to emerge by ecological, behavioural, or socioeconomic changes. Despite their substantial effects on global public health and growing understanding of the process by which they emerge, no pandemic has been predicted before infecting human beings. We review what is known about the pathogens that emerge, the hosts that they originate in, and the factors that drive their emergence. We discuss challenges to their control and new efforts to predict pandemics, target surveillance to the most crucial interfaces, and identify prevention strategies. New mathematical modelling, diagnostic, communications, and informatics technologies can identify and report hitherto unknown microbes in other species, and thus new risk assessment approaches are needed to identify microbes most likely to cause human disease. We lay out a series of research and surveillance opportunities and goals that could help to overcome these challenges and move the global pandemic strategy from response to pre-emption.
A: | Prediction and prevention of the next pandemic zoonosis | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | b6f448e8831d6ef7a4f11b8b05c6506d0607a6816153d0a0be1de715af02cfa4 |
In this task you are given a medical question pair hand-generated. Your task is to classify a given post into two categories 1) 'Similar' if the given two questions have a same connotation 2) 'Dissimilar' if the given two questions have a different connotation or meaning.
Q: Sentence1: I have these painful sores on my stomach, and they hurt so bad. I think they may be boils or ingrown hairs. How do I treat these?
Sentence2: I often get these painful sores on my legs, stomach, underarms. Are these boils or simply ingrown hair? Can you suggest me some measures for the sores?
A: Similar
****
Q: Sentence1: Numbness on right side of my cheek some twitching no other symptoms elsewhere what could it be?
Sentence2: I have numbness and tingling all over my body and I am a known diabetic. Is having numbness and tingling a common side effect seen with diabetes.
A: Dissimilar
****
Q: Sentence1: I'm snowed in and in the 4th day of an extreme sore throat, cough and possible fever. Swallowing is very painful, and the cough is constant tickle?
Sentence2: For the past 4 days, I have been dealig with bad sore throat with constant tickling and pain with swallowing. I have some cough and I feel feverish too. I cannot go and see my doctor because it's ben snowing constantly. Please help.
A: | Similar
**** | fc-sni-medical_question_pair_dataset | 0 | af27aabbe95d15901e6516afb32a9ff4b6a7c64f70e30fb7f932af4ed7c4700f |
In this task, the input is a set of dialogues between a user and an assistant. You need to find the dialogue that is basically a response given to a question or an aspect of the user.
[Q]: I love to go there! Anything else you can give me on the geography?
What can you let me know about the geography of Panama?
Glad to help.
That is a pretty high number. Anything else you can tell me about Panama's society?
As whole, the range between Costa Rica and the Canal is generally referred to by geographers as the Cordillera Central.
[A]: As whole, the range between Costa Rica and the Canal is generally referred to by geographers as the Cordillera Central.
[Q]: Their literature is in Urdu, Sindhi, Punjabi, Pashto, Baluchi, Persian, English and many other languages.
Actually, do you have anything on Pakistan's Climate or environment? If not, then Culture is fine too!
Hello@! Today I am learning about Pakistan, but I don't know much about it. Can you help me?
You are welcome.
Oh, that's interesting! Is there anything else you can tell me about Pakistan's society?
[A]: Their literature is in Urdu, Sindhi, Punjabi, Pashto, Baluchi, Persian, English and many other languages.
[Q]: There are three state nursery schools, (one bilingual), 98 state primary schools (two bilingual and 15 Welsh medium), and 19 state secondary schools (three Welsh medium). Cardiff also has two further education colleges, Cardiff and Vale College and St. David's College.
Is there any vocational schooling?
What can you tell me about education there?
Can you tell me about its government?
Okay. What else can you tell me about government?
[A]: | There are three state nursery schools, (one bilingual), 98 state primary schools (two bilingual and 15 Welsh medium), and 19 state secondary schools (three Welsh medium). Cardiff also has two further education colleges, Cardiff and Vale College and St. David's College. | fc-sni-curiosity_dialogs | 0 | 65bde0e332247220ce109314a7081161a03b32846b69d30fc685830fa8143225 |
You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
<a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0012BSMJM">Stash Premium Green Iced Tea Powder, 12-Count Packets (Pack of 6)</a> Easy to mix and refreshing with ice. | Positive | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | 31f5d58fb950b4db95a9eaecd43dd4020c2c4e6c9243a200690977ee5369c7a4 |
Given reviews from Amazon, classify those review based on their content into two classes: Negative or Positive.
Q: Hi i got this game by trading my brother for some stuff he wanted and i started playing it and was disipointed cause you have to shake it so much. But luckily i figured out how you can get in battles and stuff without having to shake it at all. But it depends on if you you have a massage chair or not because if you have one you can set your magaman pet on it and it shakes it!!! I was so glad when i figured out how to get in battles without shaking it because my arm was hurting now i find the game real fun. I hope this review helped you see yah.
A: Positive
****
Q: Despite the many reviews from folks who had to return one or more Sansa Views before getting a functional one, I figured the manufacturer must have cleared up their quality problems to stay in the market. Wrong!!!!My brand new Sansa View 8 totally stopped functioning about 20 minutes into its first use. I'm very disappointed to have waited for my order to be filled and now must wait again for a replacement. I'm more than a month into my purchase and I have nothing to show for it but a paid bill.Amazon has not stepped up at all, either. The order was filled by a vendor whom I've never heard of before. Amazon refers buyers to that vendor's customer service and takes no part in satisfying the purchaser.Lots of room for improvement on the part of all three providers.
A: Negative
****
Q: Thank God that Charles Shultz was alive before the "politically correct" ambassadors of the world decided that we have to celebrate commercialism rather than Christ at Christmas. This is a delightful collection of winter and holiday vignettes that culminate in a wonderful Christmas celebration that has become a classic like Miracle on 34th Stree and It's a Wonderful Life. Parents should watch this with their whole families as it has appeal for all generations.
A: | Positive
**** | fc-sni-amazon_polarity | 0 | ce1240e3b79050a6a2622b180c79cb3f0e33a800dd2cbd37aeb07ca9c46d1e42 |
instruction:
In this task, you are given a question. Your task is to generate an answer that is relevant to the question.
question:
Want to go downtown?
answer:
I would prefer to stay in this area of town.
question:
Have you considered the cost of living?
answer:
It's all in my budget.
question:
Do you like to read about true events?
answer: | I like historically true reads. | fc-sni-circa | 0 | c0cfae4b36ffcad57f95a92df72ba782f7ffc7876f55ae939c5156342bf16876 |
Definition: You are provided with a list of converations between a "USER" and "ASSISTANT". Figure out if the conversation provided as "classify_text" is authored by "USER" or "ASSISTANT". There are maximum of 7 conversations between "USER" and "ASSISTANT" in each input
Input: ASSISTANT: What type of movies do you like? , USER: I really like comedy movies. , ASSISTANT: what about comedies movies do you like? , USER: I just like how entertaining they are and they usually have a lot of good jokes and the actors are funny. , ASSISTANT: Can you tell what is your favorite movie? , USER: I'd probably have to say Billy Madison's my favorite movie., classify_text: What about that type of movie did you like?
Output: | ASSISTANT | fc-sni-coached_conv_pref | 0 | 57039d29fbdcb15f8e8d656cd1d71d5f8b2acd0a97417447fc5868abe192af92 |
In this task, you're given a context passage, followed by a question that needs to be answered. Based on the paragraph, you must write unambiguous answers to the questions and your answer must refer to a specific phrase from the paragraph. If multiple answers seem to exist, write the answer that is the most plausible.
[Q]: Alex left Robin's side so she could go make a phone call.
Question: What will Alex want to do next?
[A]: be alone
[Q]: Austin served without pay because he really loved his country and wanted to help out.
Question: What does Austin need to do before this?
[A]: Talk to someone about being a volunteer
[Q]: It's out in the open now . I've made the rounds and contacted family members on my side to let them know " we're having problems " . He says he's done the same for his side . This is already alot further than I've pushed things in the past .
Question: What is likely to be the thing that's out in the open now ?
[A]: | The writer is having serious problems in their relationship . | fc-sni-mocha | 0 | befa2ff9fb8b2bee048162006ec0d77e7535730e327ee81494dd0db8365c3b1c |
Teacher:In this task, you are given a public comment from online platforms. You are expected to classify the comment into two classes: threat and non-threat. Threat is a statement that someone will be hurt or harmed, especially if the person does not do something in particular.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Comment: Obviously terrorism pays. I'm quitting my job now and going to go into killing people and then get paid off by Mr Trudeau for $10M. Better than actually working for a living, being a good human being, and good to society.
Student: | Threat | fc-sni-jigsaw | 0 | 22d0619821d46bba89bda182bddb9e1cbf32a472c74ae82ee3dbd5c4bd2a0913 |
Instructions: In this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics, we ask you to write a question based on the content of the articles that can be answered in a binary manner i.e. True or False.
Input: Apple Watch -- The third generation of the Apple Watch features a faster processor, the dual-core S3, Bluetooth 4.2 vs 4.0 on older models, a built-in altimeter for measuring flights of stairs climbed, increased RAM size, and is available in a variant with LTE cellular connectivity. Siri is able to speak on Apple Watch Series 3 due to the increased processing speed of the Watch. The Series 3 Apple Watch is explicitly not compatible with iPhone 5 devices, requiring users to have an iPhone 5S or later for the GPS-only model, or an iPhone 6 or later for the cellular-enabled model.
Output: | is the apple watch series 3 compatible with iphone 6 | fc-sni-boolq | 0 | 52fa165ebe7cd7866f6b062e1b905c32b744a9a54db22c477429da96c04bb0d3 |
instruction:
In this task, you are given two simple actions (associated with "A", "B"). You must identify which action is considered less ethical. Do not generate anything else apart from one of the following characters: 'A', 'B'.
question:
(A) not wanting to pick up my son every weekend if it means driving 200 miles round trip each time
(B) not attending my friends wedding
answer:
A
question:
(A) being upset at giving up my parking spot
(B) not babying my mom anymore
answer:
A
question:
(A) cutting my best friend out for not asking how I am after having a baby
(B) getting offended by my SO's refusal to let me snowblow our driveway
answer: | A | fc-sni-scruples | 0 | bbb66e9e71b889f24930feb931375ad504b852c7bb65bd967a4240237fc3e95f |
You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
Example: I have bought several of the Vitality canned dog food products and have found them all to be of good quality. The product looks more like a stew than a processed meat and it smells better. My Labrador is finicky and she appreciates this product better than most.
Example solution: Positive
Example explanation: It's a positive review because the owner of the dog is satisfied with the product and mentioned that their dog appreciates the product.
Problem: There was nothing wrong with the pastries--everyone seemed to like them, so you'll be fine as long as they don't mess up your order. I ordered two boxes of pastries for Christmas gifts, but the shipping was slower than expected and, more importantly, they only sent *ONE* of the two boxes. I tried calling them and got a recording--figuring they were probably just busy because of the time of year, I also sent them two e-mails. So far I have not heard back. The shipping label was attached directly to the SINGLE pastry box (rather that being affixed to a larger cardboard box that could possibly hold two) and said BOX 1 of 1, so I know it wasn't a delivery service problem. They simply only shipped one of the two boxes that I ordered. Mistakes can happen to any company, but the fact that they are hard to get in touch with and won't return my e-mails is just poor customer service. | Solution: Negative | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | 66e71b2f2ffbec631ae58120e0c5d4e43fc6e643f6ac4aea9e054e94e3b2b1fc |
Definition: In this task you are given a tweet and you must identify whether the tweet contains any offense or any form of (untargeted) profanity. Label the post as NOT if the post does not contain offense or profanity. Non-offensive posts do not include any form of offense or profanity. label the post as OFFENSIVE if the post contains offensive language or a targeted (veiled or direct) offense. Twitter user mentions were substituted by @USER and URLs have been substitute by URL.
Input: @USER @USER @USER @USER @USER I did not admit anything! Read my Tweet again please! English is my 3rd language but I am rather good at it! Antifa are the Nazis! They can name them self the Messiah they would still be thugs fighting against freedom and free speach! BTW free speach is not hate speach. Man up!
Output: | OFFENSIVE | fc-sni-olid | 0 | 931a5603f922aad03599fab58c58f2eaf29f8cd9f30931d49357f6f6833af912 |
Given reviews from Amazon, classify those review based on their content into two classes: Negative or Positive.
Example: I've read this book with much expectation, it was very boring all through out the book
Example solution: Negative
Example explanation: Review writer does not like the book because it was boring, therefore it is a negative review.
Problem: Purchased this screen last week and it came with noticeable scrapes across the top. The box it came in was gigantic with plenty of packaging material, but the screen was packaged loosely at the bottom. However, since it was in another smaller box, I'm thinking that the scraping was there to begin with, and not from shipping. Still deciding whether to go through the trouble of exchanging it since another reviewer said they had the same damage. I wouldn't want to risk getting another with the same damage and I really need a screen right now. Other than the damage, it's a very nice screen. | Solution: Negative | fc-sni-amazon_polarity | 0 | 7a0dec7df25d4041b272899fac9a35715fd9dade4f99d650dca07634e163a391 |
You will be given a summary of a story. You need to create a question that can be answered from the story. You can create a question about characters, events, facts and beliefs, etc. Your question should be specific, try not to use pronouns instead of full names. As the stories are sometimes movie plots, they will contain actor names in parentheses. You should not use those names. Only use character names. Try to ask a question about all parts of the plot, not just the beginning.
Peyton Farquhar, a plantation owner in his mid-thirties, is being prepared for execution by hanging from an Alabama railroad bridge during the American Civil War. Six military men and a company of infantrymen are present, guarding the bridge and carrying out the sentence. Farquhar thinks of his wife and children and is then distracted by a noise that, to him, sounds like an unbearably loud clanging; it is actually the ticking of his watch. He considers the possibility of jumping off the bridge and swimming to safety if he can free his tied hands, but the soldiers drop him from the bridge before he can act on the idea.
In a flashback, Farquhar and his wife are relaxing at home one evening when a soldier rides up to the gate. Farquhar, a supporter of the Confederacy, learns from him that Union troops have seized the Owl Creek railroad bridge and repaired it. The soldier suggests that Farquhar might be able to burn the bridge down if he can slip past its guards. He then leaves, but doubles back after nightfall to return north the way he came. The soldier is actually a disguised Union scout who has lured Farquhar into a trap, as any civilian caught interfering with the railroads will be hanged.
The story returns to the present, and the rope around Farquhar's neck breaks when he falls from the bridge into the creek. He frees his hands, pulls the noose away, and surfaces to begin his escape. His senses now greatly sharpened, he dives and swims downstream to avoid rifle and cannon fire. Once he is out of range, he leaves the creek to begin the journey to his home, 30 miles away. Farquhar walks all day long through a seemingly endless forest, and that night he begins to hallucinate, seeing strange constellations and hearing whispered voices in an unknown language. He travels on, urged by the thought of his wife and children despite the pains caused by his ordeal. The next morning, after having apparently fallen asleep while walking, he finds himself at the gate to his plantation. He rushes to embrace his wife, but before he can do so, he feels a heavy blow upon the back of his neck; there is a loud noise and a flash of white, and everything goes black.
It is revealed that Farquhar never escaped at all; he imagined the entire third part of the story during the time between falling through the bridge and the noose breaking his neck. | What happened to the rope when Peyton was hanged? | fc-sni-narrativeqa | 0 | 251d71a994346db1dd12db470ec1c7503112ec4c506ac3e79500b9f37323d297 |
Q: Given reviews from Amazon, classify those review based on their content into two classes: Negative or Positive.
This game is awesome! I got it and couldn't stop playing! The graphics are awesome! I played the two english fire emblems before it, but this one beats them all. The story line is pretty good,the graphics are awesome, cool new 'abilities' or 'skills', and able to choose weapon after class change. The only con for this game is that if you've ever played Fire Emblem Sacred Stones, you will find out that this game loses the choices of classes to change into. Multiple chapters or 'levels' to play through, many recruitable characters, new types of magic, and a bunch of new weapons. There are also new classes, including beasts and ravens. I hope you buy this game and that this guide has been helpful to you.
A: | Positive | fc-sni-amazon_polarity | 0 | 3a5887038bccdf356437a88104557a3cf7052836fe2935fa2f7e53377fec6c0e |
In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
[EX Q]: Text: okay. well it wasn't today. in fact it was 3 years ago when i first came to college at the university of pittsburgh. but i just found out about this subreddit and i thought i would share.
so every year before the first game of the season, our university has a pep rally-esque gathering at the football stadium. my roommate and i decided to go and see what it was all about. we get there expecting nothing, and it turns out that you could meet and talk to all of the players on the team. so each section of the team was split up into their own group (ie linemen were with linemen, running backs and receivers were with running backs and receivers). after my roommate and i had visited a couple of the other groups of players, we decided to go talk to the running backs. now, when i arrived on campus, i didn't know much more about the team than what was available on ncaa 2012. pitt had a running back who was deemed an all-star on the team; ray graham, number 1 on the offense. so as we were standing in line, i walked up to number 1 and was excited to talk to him.
i walked up and said, "congratulations on your star in ncaa," to which he responded, "..that's not me, you're looking for the guy at the end of the table." my face turned red and i apologized and tried to move further down the line. however, the line had stopped, and i just had to stand there and awkwardly look him in the face. that is when i found out that there are several people with the same number in college football.
[EX A]: TIFU by making an ass of myself in front of Pitt's football team.
[EX Q]: Text: this happened a couple months ago, when it was actually warm enough to wear a romper out in public.
at the time this story took place, i was on my period. because of that fact, i really didn't feel like wearing tight clothing. i decided to wear a romper to school because it's cute and doesn't require a bra.
halfway through the day, i realized i needed to change my tampon. i went into the bathroom, set my bookbag down on the ground, and then realized that if i wanted to pull down my pants, i would have to get entirely naked. at school. so, i decided i would just keep my romper on, and because the leg holes were so wide, just change it that way.
once i had finished, i looked at my hands. my fingertips had blood all over them, but that wasn't too horrible. i wiped them with toilet paper, then bent down to grab my backpack. i realized there was little splatters of blood on the floor, so i wiped them off, then picked up my backpack.
i started to open the stall door, but i realized i missed a spot. cleaned it, then went to leave again when i saw an identical spot had appeared right by the old one. i figured i had stepped in some of the blood, so i bent down to look at my shoe.
and then i saw it.
there was a big chunk (and i mean chunk) of blood sitting on the edge of my shoe, creating a little blood trail wherever i stepped. it reminded me of jelly, and it was so dark it almost looked black. [this is an accurate picture of what it looked like.](http://imgur.com/dsdohil)
after removing the chunk of my own blood and uterus from my shoe, i exited the stall, wondering why the hell i didn't just get naked.
[EX A]: TIFU by wearing a romper while on my period
[EX Q]: Text: this didn't happen today, but i was reminded today that this happened to me. i was perhaps 12 at the time.
my dad was throwing an 80's party with karaoke. he suggested that my siblings and i learn the lyrics to ["major tom" by peter schilling](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1hs2aqwdga) so that we could all perform it together. i went to my room and spent all weekend memorizing this song.
on the day of the party, i can barely hold in my excitement. halfway through the night, we are invited up to sing. the music starts, i'm pumped. my brother and sister start singing. i don't recognize the lyrics *at all*.
turns out, there's both an english version and a [german version] (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ql4kaofj02c) of this song, and i learned the wrong one. i just mouth along for the whole song and go to my room defeated. my family thinks i just got stage fright and i still haven't told them that i know all of the lyrics to "vollig losgelost".
[EX A]: | TIFU by not going to rehearsal. | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | 661e175787db8e88d66ca4e6f023e61a9ceb3e03fd6eeaaf4f122b3ca12260fe |
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
[Q]: One of these organic compounds is converted to an alkene by a diorganochromium compound in the Takai olefination. Compounds may be reduced to this functionality via the use of DIBAL-H (die-bahl aitch), and alkynes are formed by a reaction of these compounds with tetrabromomethane and triphenylphosphine named for Corey and Fuchs. When these organic compounds lack a hydrogen atom in the alpha position, their disproportionation can be induced by a base in the Cannizzaro reaction. These organic compounds are oxidized to carboxylic acids by a diamminesilver (I) complex, leading to the precipitation of metal onto the inside of the vessel, giving the positive "silver mirror" result of the Tollens test. For 10 points, name this special class of ketones with one R group being just hydrogen.
[A]: Science
[Q]: His death, called providential by Charles Sumner, fell on the same day his home state abolished slavery. After both Louis McLane and William Duane refused to pull the government's funds out of the Second Bank of the United States, the duty fell to this man in his role as Jackson's Secretary of the Treasury. He had earlier been Attorney General, and afterwards was appointed to his most famous position, from which he issued opinions in such cases as Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge and Ex parte Merryman. FTP, name this Supreme Court Chief Justice who most famously presided over Dred Scott.
[A]: History
[Q]: In one part of this work, the narrator recalls how he used to go to hear the "great argument" of the "Doctor and Saint," but ended up leaving by the same door through which he came in, while elsewhere he notes that "a single hair divides the false and true. " This work begins with the invocation to wake, and a later stanza notes that "Whether in Nishapur or Babylon... The wine of life keeps oozing drop by drop," while a later stanza contains the famous imagery of a moving finger that "writes, and having writ, moves on. " Its most famous lines come from its 12th stanza, which calls for "A book of verses underneath the bough, a jug of wine, a loaf of bread, and thou. " Famously translated by Edward FitzGerald, for ten points, identify this poem in 101 quatrains originally written by a Sufi poet.
[A]: | Literature | fc-sni-qanta | 0 | 426998442a5d2012a87995669527f3daf1d30ecf4ab78ad0059e61847bae06d7 |
In this task, you're given a context passage, an answer, and a question. Your task is to classify whether the question for this answer is correct or not, based on the given context with commonsense reasoning about social situations. If its correct ,return "True" else "False".
Example Input: Context: Austin bucked down and decided to spend all afternoon working.
Answer: take a break
Question: What will Austin want to do next?
Example Output: True
Example Input: Context: Tracy was always good and stayed out of trouble as a kid and adult.
Answer: proud afterwards
Question: How would Tracy feel afterwards?
Example Output: True
Example Input: Context: Aubrey took his child away because they were neglecting the child.
Answer: they were a bad parent
Question: How would Others feel as a result?
Example Output: | True | fc-sni-social_iqa | 0 | ec84438b891fcf05035ca6d951a56289d5b3a1c64a5ff2582521964ffef27087 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
See one example below:
Problem: Context: Joanne McLeod is a Canadian figure skating coach. She is the skating director at the Champs International Skating Centre of BC (formerly known as the BC Centre of Excellence). Here current and former students include Emanuel Sandhu, Mira Leung, Kevin Reynolds, Jeremy Ten, Nam Nguyen, and many others. In 2012, McLeod became the first level 5 certified figure skating coach in British Columbia., Victor Kraatz, MSC (born April 7, 1971) is a Canadian former ice dancer. In 2003, he and his partner, Shae-Lynn Bourne, became the first North American ice dancers to win a World Championship., Allie Hann-McCurdy (born May 23, 1987 in Nanaimo, British Columbia) is a Canadian ice dancer. McCurdy began skating at age eight and was a singles skater until age 12 when she switched to ice dancing. In 2003 she teamed up with Michael Coreno, with whom she was the 2010 Four Continents silver medalist and the 2008 Canadian bronze medalist. The pair retired in June 2010, to coach at the Gloucester Skating Club., Maikki Uotila - Kraatz ( born 25 February 1977 ) is a Finnish ice dancer . She is a former Finnish national champion with Toni Mattila . She married Victor Kraatz on June 19 , 2004 . The two coach in Vancouver , where they are the ice dancing directors at the BC Centre of Excellence . She and Kraatz have two sons , born September 14 , 2006 and July 10 , 2010 ., Burnaby is a city in British Columbia, Canada, located immediately to the east of Vancouver. It is the third-largest city in British Columbia by population, surpassed only by nearby Surrey and Vancouver., Canada (French: ) is a country in the northern half of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's border with the United States is the world's longest land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. About four-fifths of the country's population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, its largest city is Toronto; other major urban areas include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton., British Columbia (BC) is the westernmost province of Canada, with a population of more than four million people located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains.
British Columbia is also a component of the Pacific Northwest and the Cascadia bioregion, along with the U.S. states of Idaho, Oregon, Washington and Alaska., The "Champs International Skating Centre of British Columbia" (formerly known as the 'BC Centre of Excellence') is one of two major figure skating training centers in Canada. Located in Burnaby, British Columbia, it is home to many great national and international skaters. The programs there are overseen by a staff, including Joanne McLeod, who coaches 3-time Canadian men's national champion Emanuel Sandhu; Bruno Marcotte, who competed at the 2002 Winter Olympics; Victor Kraatz, the 2003 World Champion in ice dancing, and Maikki Uotila, who was a national champion in Finland. The center operates out of Canlan Ice Sports Burnaby 8 Rinks. Notable skaters who train there include Emanuel Sandhu, Mira Leung, Allie Hann-McCurdy & Michael Coreno, Jessica Millar & Ian Moram, Jeremy Ten, and Kevin Reynolds. This skating school is sometimes known as a training site for international competitors to practice for competitions in Vancouver. Champs International hosts its annual competition known as the BC/YK SummerSkate Competition every August., Shae-Lynn Bourne, MSC (born January 24, 1976) is a Canadian ice dancer. In 2003, she and partner Victor Kraatz became the first North American ice dancers to win a World Championship. They competed at three Winter Olympic Games, placing 10th at the 1994 Winter Olympics, 4th at the 1998 Winter Olympics, and 4th at the 2002 Winter Olympics., Vancouver, officially the City of Vancouver, is a coastal seaport city on the mainland of British Columbia, Canada, and the most populous city in the province., Subject: maikki uotila, Relation: country_of_citizenship, Options: (A) american (B) british (C) canada (D) finland (E) montreal
Solution: finland
Explanation: This is a good example, as maikki uotila is citizen of the finland.
Problem: Context: Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells., Oxygen is a chemical element with symbolO and atomic number8. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive nonmetal and oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as other compounds. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium. At standard temperature and pressure, two atoms of the element bind to form dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the formula . This is an important part of the atmosphere and diatomic oxygen gas constitutes 20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere. Additionally, as oxides the element makes up almost half of the Earth's crust., Body fluid, bodily fluids or biofluids are liquids originating from inside the bodies of living people. They include fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body, and body water that normally is not., The lungs are the primary organs of respiration in humans and many other animals including a few fish and some snails. In mammals and most other vertebrates, two lungs are located near the backbone on either side of the heart. Their function in the respiratory system is to extract oxygen from the atmosphere and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere, in a process of gas exchange. Respiration is driven by different muscular systems in different species. Mammals, reptiles and birds use their musculoskeletal systems to support and foster breathing. In early tetrapods, air was driven into the lungs by the pharyngeal muscles via buccal pumping, a mechanism still seen in amphibians. In humans, the primary muscle that drives breathing is the diaphragm. The lungs also provide airflow that makes vocal sounds including human speech possible., The liver is a vital organ of vertebrates and some other animals. In the human, it is located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, below the diaphragm. The liver has a wide range of functions, including detoxification of various metabolites, protein synthesis, and the production of biochemicals necessary for digestion., The heart is a muscular organ in humans and other animals, which pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. Blood provides the body with oxygen and nutrients, as well as assists in the removal of metabolic wastes. The heart is located between the lungs, in the middle compartment of the chest.
In humans, other mammals, and birds, the heart is divided into four chambers: upper left and right atria; and lower left and right ventricles. Commonly the right atrium and ventricle are referred together as the "right heart" and their left counterparts as the "left heart". Fish in contrast have two chambers, an atrium and a ventricle, while reptiles have three chambers. In a healthy heart blood flows one way through the heart due to heart valves, which prevent backflow. The heart is enclosed in a protective sac, the pericardium, which also contains a small amount of fluid. The wall of the heart is made up of three layers: epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium.
The heart pumps blood with a rhythm determined by a group of pacemaking cells in the sinoatrial node. These generate a current that causes contraction of the heart, traveling through the atrioventricular node and along the conduction system of the heart. The heart receives blood low in oxygen from the systemic circulation, which enters the right atrium from the superior and inferior venae cavae and passes to the right ventricle. From here it is pumped into the pulmonary circulation, through the lungs where it receives oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide. Oxygenated blood then returns to the left atrium, passes through the left ventricle and is pumped out through the aorta to the systemic circulationwhere the oxygen is used and metabolized to carbon dioxide. The heart beats at a resting rate close to 72 beats per minute. Exercise temporarily increases the rate, but lowers resting heart rate in the long term, and is good for heart health.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most common cause of death globally as of 2008, accounting for 30% of deaths. Of these more than three quarters are a result of coronary artery disease and stroke. Risk factors include: smoking, being overweight, little exercise, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and poorly controlled diabetes, among others. Cardiovascular diseases frequently have no symptoms or may cause chest pain or shortness of breath. Diagnosis of heart disease is often done by the taking of a medical history, listening to the heart-sounds with a stethoscope, ECG, and ultrasound. Specialists who focus on diseases of the heart are called cardiologists, although many specialties of medicine may be involved in treatment., A nutrient is a component in foods that an organism uses to survive and grow. Macronutrients provide the bulk energy an organism's metabolic system needs to function while micronutrients provide the necessary cofactors for metabolism to be carried out. Both types of nutrients can be acquired from the environment. Micronutrients are used to build and repair tissues and to regulate body processes while macronutrients are converted to, and used for, energy. Methods of nutrient intake are different for plants and animals. Plants take in nutrients directly from the soil through their roots and from the atmosphere through their leaves. Animals and protists have specialized digestive systems that work to break down macronutrients for energy and utilize micronutrients for both metabolism and anabolism (constructive synthesis) in the body., Metabolic wastes or excretes are substances left over from metabolic processes (such as cellular respiration), which cannot be used by the organism (they are surplus or toxic), and must therefore be excreted. This includes nitrogen compounds, water, CO, phosphates, sulfates, etc. Animals treat these compounds as excretes. Plants have chemical "machinery" which transforms some of them (primarily the nitrogen compounds) into useful substances, and it has been shown by Brian J. Ford that abscissa leaves also carry wastes away from the parent plant. In this way, Ford argues that the shed leaf acts as an "excretory" (an organ carrying away excretory products)., Pulmonary circulation is the portion of the cardiovascular system which carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart , to the lungs , and returns oxygenated ( oxygen - rich ) blood back to the heart . The term pulmonary circulation is readily paired and contrasted with the systemic circulation . A separate system known as the bronchial circulation supplies blood to the tissue of the larger airways of the lung ., Subject: pulmonary circulation, Relation: subclass_of, Options: (A) atmosphere (B) body fluid (C) cellular respiration (D) chemical element (E) circulatory system (F) energy (G) formula (H) function (I) human (J) mass (K) member (L) nitrogen (M) nonmetal (N) number (O) nutrient (P) organ (Q) oxygen (R) parent (S) people (T) plant (U) production (V) protein (W) range (X) soil (Y) symbol (Z) system ([) third (\) water (]) work
Solution: | circulatory system | fc-sni-wiki_hop | 0 | 994b14539d0320725c953c5022038146f1bf60c0da030e11c6ee3334dd3eca41 |
In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
Example: Text: title speaks for itself really...
i just wasted $1500 of my parents' money.
i feel terrible.
edit: i guess it wasn't that i took the wrong class, but the class i was taking wouldn't transfer credits over to my university. so really it was my negligence to do more research in the matter. gg
Example solution: TIFU by taking the wrong class for 2 weeks and only realizing it today
Example explanation: This title is appropriate for the given text post because the focus of this post is about a humorous situation caused by "taking the wrong class".
Problem: Text: *disclaimer: this actually happened a few winters ago, i may be canadian, but july's still hot as fuck.
i was on a class trip to a ski hill (yeah, a few winters ago) and i had never gone skiing before. but being the dummy that i am, i decided that i was ready to try a "real hill" rather than the small hills for learning.
i was going pretty well until part-way down where there was a turn: left was the easier hill, right was a slightly more difficult hill, and straight ahead was a huge-ass tree. i had already seen one of my classmates go down the right hill and another go down to the left, and i wasn't sure which way to go... so of course, that translated into going straight, face-first into a tree.
cracked-open bloody lip, bruised tail-bone and lungs void of air, i sat there stunned when my teacher (at the back of the group) came across me and helped me down the hill. my lip was swollen for a week.
needless to say i haven't been skiing again... | Solution: TIFU by skiing straight into a tree. | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | d563a873e82622c4b5252520283c238794e13bd49d85a296e4987486823b19a3 |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a question. Your task is to generate an answer that is relevant to the question.
I have tickets to an EDM music fest, does that sound like something you would want to do | I've always wanted to go | fc-sni-circa | 0 | 99fd4b27bef2ac93212b23a53c98605114a2d8dd747e88ecb3e8d41238e39cbf |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
Example: I have bought several of the Vitality canned dog food products and have found them all to be of good quality. The product looks more like a stew than a processed meat and it smells better. My Labrador is finicky and she appreciates this product better than most.
Output: Positive
It's a positive review because the owner of the dog is satisfied with the product and mentioned that their dog appreciates the product.
New input case for you: My whole family loves this sauce. I use it primarily to recreate a dish we had in Maui. It adds a wonderful sweet and spicy flavor to just about any sauce. Service on this order was spectacular. Several bottles arrived broken and replacements were received within days. Amazon service was fast, easy and reliable. I love Amazon. Also, there are many recipes that you can look up using this sauce that a very good. It goes spectaculary with coconut milk, vegetables, chicken or shrimp and pasta. We love it.
Output: | Positive | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | 926b4cb35495617fd45c235993516859e15cab1f199135d767a76b4e333afea1 |
Teacher:In this task, five ordered key facts are given. All the given facts are expressed in natural language. Your job is to generate a story 100 to 1000 words long, that includes all the facts given as input in their order of appearance while expanding upon them to produce a broader, yet coherent, narrative.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Fact1: Lecturer regaling unseen students with wealth of knowledge of habits of birds, Fact2: Owlish Brewster McCloud living hidden and alone under Houston Astrodome dreams of creating wings, Fact3: Louise has unexplained scars on shoulder blades suggestive of fallen angel Wearing only trench coat, Fact4: Brewster works to complete himself for flight, Fact5: Suzanne not give up comfortable home to fly with Brewster
Student: | The film opens with the MGM logo, as usual, but with a voiceover saying, I forgot the opening line, replacing the lion roar, and proceeds with The Lecturer regaling his unseen students with a wealth of knowledge of the habits of birds. Owlish Brewster McCloud, living hidden and alone under the Houston Astrodome, dreams of creating wings that will help him fly like a bird. His only assistance comes from Louise, a beautiful woman who wants to help. Wearing only a trench coat, Louise has unexplained scars on her shoulder blades, suggestive of a fallen angel. She warns him against having sexual intercourse, as this could kill his instinct to fly. While Brewster works to complete his wings and condition himself for flight, Houston suffers a string of unexplained murders, the work of a serial killer whose victims are found strangled and covered in bird droppings. Haskell Weeks, a prominent figure in Houston, pulls strings to have the Houston Police call San Francisco super cop Frank Shaft to investigate. Shaft immediately fixates on the bird droppings and soon finds a link to Brewster. Brewster eludes the police with the apparent help of Louise but he eventually drives her awayand dooms himselfwhen he ignores her advice about sex by hooking up with Astrodome usher Suzanne Davis. Suzanne saves Brewster by evading Shaft in her Plymouth Road Runner. Severely injured after losing Brewster, Frank kills himself. Despite her sweetness, Suzanne will not give up her comfortable home to fly with Brewster. Sensing something very wrong with Brewster, Suzanne betrays him to the police. A small army of Houston policemen enter the Astrodome, but fail to nab Brewster before he takes flight using his completed wings. Although Brewster escapes the police, he cannot escape a human beings inherent unsuitability for flight. Exhausted by the effort, he falls out of the air, crashing in a heap on the floor of the Astrodome. The film ends with a Circus entering the Astrodome, played by the cast of the film, costumed as clowns, strongmen and other circus performers. The Ringmaster played by William Windom announces the names of each cast member, finishing with Brewster, who remains crumpled on the floor. | fc-sni-facts2story | 0 | 3d6d122ee0bda06083d14d32ed6c1b3edd71939733504a59c9a2a158ff12a4db |
In this task, you need to answer the given multiple-choice question on the gain. Gain is the value by which to multiply the input. Classify your answers into 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'.
Example Input: Problem: how many liters of water must be evaporated from 50 liters of a 2 - percent sugar solution to get a 10 - percent solution ?
Options: a ) 25 , b ) 30 , c ) 35 , d ) 40 , e ) 45
Example Output: d
Example Input: Problem: solve the quickfire maths brain teaser a s 25 % = ?
Options: a ) 30 % , b ) 40 % , c ) 50 % , d ) 19 % , e ) 29 %
Example Output: c
Example Input: Problem: in a graduate physics course , 70 percent of the students are male and 30 percent of the students are married . if two - sevenths of the male students are married , what fraction of the male students is single ?
Options: a ) 2 / 7 , b ) 1 / 3 , c ) 1 / 2 , d ) 2 / 3 , e ) 5 / 7
Example Output: | e | fc-sni-mathqa | 0 | 9e25d1f7ba6f42c680094ee5584d6439c318685413d0005869ddf33a560257bf |
Given a negotiation between two participants, answer 'Yes' if both participants agree to the deal, otherwise answer 'No'.
Input: Consider Input: THEM: i want the hat and book. you get the balls in exchange. YOU: balls are 0 for me. i want hat, all the rest for you THEM: ok deal.
Output: Yes
Input: Consider Input: THEM: can i get 2 hats, 1 ball, and the book. YOU: no deal. i need the book and one ball. THEM: no deal i need the book. YOU: i need the book or i can not make a deal. THEM: you take the book, i get the rest? YOU: yes, deal. thank you.
Output: Yes
Input: Consider Input: THEM: i would like a book, a ball, and a hat. YOU: i need one of either the book or ball and at least two hats THEM: the book and the ball are not negotiable for me. YOU: you have to give up one or there is no deal THEM: i will only consider giving up the book but for all the hats. YOU: one hat and one book for me, final offer THEM: deal if i get the other two hats and the ball. | Output: Yes | fc-sni-deal_or_no_dialog | 0 | 130fd9eb4a8ab41f35ed11392f2262d3e9c1ba6b2570bafecdeee61a05ed0e63 |
In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
Input: Consider Input: Context: Kolkata (, also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it is the principal commercial, cultural, and educational centre of East India, while the Port of Kolkata is India's oldest operating port and its sole major riverine port. In 2011, the city had population of 4.5million, while the population of the city and its suburbs was 14.1million, making it the third-most populous metropolitan area in India. In 2008 its gross domestic product (adjusted for purchasing power parity) was estimated to be 104 billion, which was the third highest among Indian cities, behind Mumbai and Delhi., Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres and sharing the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe. Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population, but also dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the continent of 4.4 billion people., Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked central Himalayan country in South Asia. It has a population of 26.4 million and is the 93rd largest country by area. Bordering China in the north and India in the south, east, and west, it is the largest sovereign Himalayan state. Nepal does not border Bangladesh, which is located within only 27 km (17 mi) of its southeastern tip. It neither borders Bhutan due to the Indian state of Sikkim being located in between. Nepal has a diverse geography, including fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and largest city. It is a multiethnic nation with Nepali as the official language. , Indonesia (or ; Indonesian: ), officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia with some territories in Oceania. Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is the world's largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands. At , Indonesia is the world's 14th-largest country in terms of land area and world's 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea and land area. It has an estimated population of over 260 million people and is the world's fourth most populous country, the most populous Austronesian nation, as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country. The world's most populous island of Java contains more than half of the country's population., Ahmedabad (also known as Amdavad ) is the largest city and former capital of Gujarat, which is a state in India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Ahmedabad district and the seat of the Gujarat High Court. With a population of more than 6.3 million and an extended population of 7.8 million, it is the sixth largest city and seventh largest metropolitan area of India. Ahmedabad is located on the banks of the Sabarmati River, from the state capital Gandhinagar, which is its twin city., India, officially the Republic of India ("Bhrat Gaarjya"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad., China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia. With a population of over 1.381billion, it is the world's most populous country. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China, and its capital is Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan. The country's major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower., New Delhi is the capital of India and one of Delhi city's 11 districts., Delhi (Dilli) , officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India. It is bordered by Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to the east. It is the most expansive city in Indiaabout . It has a population of about 25 million, making it the second most populous city after Mumbai and most populous urban agglomeration in India and 3 largest urban area in the world. Urban expansion in Delhi has caused it to grow beyond the NCT to incorporate towns in neighbouring states. At its largest extent, there is a population of about 25 million residents . According to data released by Oxford Economics, Delhi NCR urban agglomeration has replaced Mumbai Metropolitan Region urban agglomeration as the economic capital of India. However the comparison of the figures specific to the Metropolis of Delhi and Metropolis of Mumbai was not provided by this institution. These figures however did not match with those revealed by the reserve bank of India, The economic survey of India, The economic survey of Delhi and Maharashtra., Chennai ; formerly known as Madras or ) is the capital of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal, it is one of the biggest cultural, economic and educational centres in South India. According to the 2011 Indian census, it is the sixth-largest city and fourth-most populous urban agglomeration in India. The city together with the adjoining regions constitute the Chennai Metropolitan Area, which is the 36th-largest urban area by population in the world. Chennai is among the most visited Indian cities by foreign tourists. It was ranked 43rd most visited city in the world for year 2015. The Quality of Living Survey rated Chennai as the safest city in India. Chennai attracts 45 percent of health tourists visiting India, and 30 to 40 percent of domestic health tourists. As such, it is termed "India's health capital". As a growing metropolitan city in a developing country, Chennai confronts substantial pollution and other logistical and socio-economic problems., Mumbai (also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India and the ninth most populous agglomeration in the world, with an estimated city population of 18.4million. Along with the neighbouring regions of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, it is one of the most populous urban regions in the world and the second most populous metropolitan area in India, with a population of 20.7million . Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2009, Mumbai was named an alpha world city. It is also the wealthiest city in India, and has the highest GDP of any city in South, West, or Central Asia. Mumbai has the highest number of billionaires and millionaires among all cities in India. , Skandagupta ( Sanskrit : ) ( died 467 ) was a Gupta Emperor of northern India . He is generally considered the last of the great Gupta Emperors ., The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering (approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface). It is bounded by Asia on the north, on the west by Africa, on the east by Australia, and on the south by the Southern Ocean or, depending on definition, by Antarctica. It is named after the country of India. The Indian Ocean is known as "Ratnkara", ""the mine of gems"" in ancient Sanskrit literature, and as "Hind Mahsgar", ""the great Indian sea"", in Hindi., Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in South East Asia bordered by Bangladesh, India, China, Laos and Thailand. About one third of Myanmar's total perimeter of 5,876km (3,651 miles), forms an uninterrupted coastline of 1,930km (1,200 miles) along the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. The country's 2014 census revealed a much lower population than expected, with 51 million people recorded. Myanmar is 676,578squarekilometres (261,227sqmi) in size. Its capital city is Naypyidaw and its largest city is Yangon (Rangoon)., The Maldives (, or ), officially the Republic of Maldives (""), is a South Asian island country, located in the Indian Ocean. It lies southwest of India and Sri Lanka. The chain of twenty-six atolls stretches from Ihavandhippolhu Atoll in the north to the Addu City in the south. Comprising a territory spanning roughly , the Maldives is one of the world's most geographically dispersed countries, as well as the smallest Asian country by both land area and population, with a little over 393,500 inhabitants. Male is the capital and most populated city, traditionally called the "King's Island" for its central location., Pakistan (or ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on crossroads of Central Asia and Western Asia. It is the sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 200 million people. It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area with an area covering . Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a maritime border with Oman., Subject: skandagupta, Relation: date_of_birth, Options: (A) 1 (B) 11 (C) 14 (D) 18 (E) 1995 (F) 2 (G) 20 (H) 200 (I) 2001 (J) 2008 (K) 22 (L) 227 (M) 25 (N) 260 (O) 3 (P) 30 (Q) 381 (R) 393 (S) 4 (T) 40 (U) 45 (V) 5 (W) 500 (X) 6 (Y) 676 (Z) 7 ([) 8 (\) 930
Output: 500
Input: Consider Input: Context: A string band is an old-time music or jazz ensemble made up mainly or solely of string instruments. String bands were popular in the 1920s and 1930s, and are among the forerunners of modern country music and bluegrass., The Red Fox Chasers were a string band that formed in North Carolina in 1927, and were active until around 1931. Members included vocalist and guitar player A. P. Thompson, vocalist and harmonica player Bob Cranford, vocalist and banjo player Paul Miles, and fiddler Guy Brooks., Guy Brooks was a fiddle player for the late 1920s early 1930s string band The Red Fox Chasers . He played classic old time music ., A.P. Thompson was the lead vocalist and guitar player for the late 1920s early 1930s string band The Red Fox Chasers., Fiddle is another name for the bowed string musical instrument more often called a violin. It is also a colloquial term for the instrument used by players in all genres, including classical music. Fiddle playing, or fiddling, refers to various styles of music. Fiddle is also a common term among musicians who play folk music on the violin. The fiddle is part of many traditional (folk) styles of music which are aural traditions, taught 'by ear' rather than via written music. Fiddle is normally the term used for Irish Traditional Music., The violin is a wooden string instrument in the violin family. It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use. Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused in the 2010s. The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato). Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres. They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition and in many varieties of folk music. They are also frequently used in genres of folk including country music and bluegrass music and in jazz. Electric violins are used in some forms of rock music; further, the violin has come to be played in many non-Western music cultures, including Indian music and Iranian music. The violin is sometimes informally called a fiddle, particularly in Irish traditional music and bluegrass, but this nickname is also used regardless of the type of music played on it., Folk music includes both traditional music and the genre that evolved from it during the 20th century folk revival. The term originated in the 19th century but is often applied to music that is older than that. Some types of folk music are also called world music. "Traditional folk music" has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted orally, music with unknown composers, or music performed by custom over a long period of time. It has been contrasted with commercial and classical styles., Bob Cranford was a vocalist and harmonica player for the late 1920s and early 1930s string band The Red Fox Chasers., Subject: guy brooks, Relation: occupation, Options: (A) band (B) commercial (C) drawing (D) fiddler (E) vocalist
Output: fiddler
Input: Consider Input: Context: St Thomas' Hospital is a large NHS teaching hospital in Central London, England. It is one of the institutions that comprise the King's Health Partners, an academic health science centre. Administratively part of the Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, together with Guy's Hospital and King's College Hospital it provides the location of the King's College London School of Medicine., Exeter College (in full: The Rector and Scholars of Exeter College in the University of Oxford) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England and the fourth oldest college of the University., King's College London (informally King's or KCL) is a public research university located in London, United Kingdom, and a founding constituent college of the federal University of London. King's was established in 1829 by King George IV and the Duke of Wellington and received its royal charter in the same year. In 1836, King's became one of the two founding colleges of the University of London. In the late 20th century, it grew through a series of mergers, including with Queen Elizabeth College and Chelsea College of Science and Technology (in 1985), the Institute of Psychiatry (in 1997), the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals and the Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery (in 1998)., Sir Richard Hughes '' Rick '' Trainor KBE , FRHS , FKC FAcSS ( born 31 December 1948 ) , is an academic administrator and historian who served as the Principal of King 's College London from 2004 to 2014 . He was previously the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Greenwich from 2000 to 2004 . He is currently Rector of Exeter College , Oxford . Trainor was born in the United States . He was awarded an honorary knighthood ( KBE ) in June 2010 for services to higher education in the United Kingdom . The award was honorary because of his American nationality , but on 31 December 2010 the knighthood was made substantive by Queen Elizabeth II following his assumption of British nationality ., A royal charter is a formal document issued by a monarch as letters patent, granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate. They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as cities (with municipal charters) or universities and learned societies. Charters should be distinguished from warrants and letters of appointment, as they have perpetual effect. Typically, a Royal Charter is produced as a high-quality work of calligraphy on vellum. The British monarchy has issued over 980 royal charters. Of these about 750 remain in existence. The earliest was to the town of Tain in 1066, making it the oldest Royal Burgh in Scotland, followed by the University of Cambridge in 1231. Charters continue to be issued by the British Crown, a recent example being that awarded to the Chartered Institute for the Management of Sport and Physical Activity, on 7 April 2011., The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, it includes the island of Great Britain (the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of , the UK is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants. Together, this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union., Chelsea College of Science and Technology was established as a College of Advanced Technology on a single site on the corner of Manresa Road and King's Road, Chelsea, London SW3, as part of the University of London in 1966 and was granted its Royal Charter in 1971 at which time it was renamed Chelsea College. In 1985, it merged with King's College London., The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University or simply Oxford) is a collegiate research university located in Oxford, England, United Kingdom. While having no known date of foundation, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096, making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world's second-oldest university in continuous operation. It grew rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris. After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled northeast to Cambridge where they established what became the University of Cambridge. The two "ancient universities" are frequently jointly referred to as "Oxbridge"., London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it "Londinium". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly., The University of Greenwich is a British, United Kingdom-based university. It has three campuses in London and Kent, England. These are located at Greenwich, in the grounds of the Old Royal Naval College, and in Avery Hill and Medway., The United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals was the name given to the joint medical and dental school formed in London as a result of the merger of Guy's Hospital Medical School, St Thomas's Hospital Medical School and the Royal Dental Hospital of London., The University of London is a collegiate research university located in London, England, consisting of 18 constituent colleges, nine research institutes and a number of central bodies., The Old Royal Naval College is the architectural centrepiece of Maritime Greenwich, a World Heritage Site in Greenwich, London, described by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) as being of "outstanding universal value" and reckoned to be the "finest and most dramatically sited architectural and landscape ensemble in the British Isles". The site is managed by the Greenwich Foundation for the Old Royal Naval College (Foundation), set up in July 1998 as a Registered Charity to "look after these magnificent buildings and their grounds for the benefit of the nation". The grounds and some of its buildings are open to visitors. The buildings were originally constructed to serve as the Royal Hospital for Seamen at Greenwich, now generally known as Greenwich Hospital, which was designed by Christopher Wren, and built between 1696 and 1712. The hospital closed in 1869. Between 1873 and 1998 it was the Royal Naval College, Greenwich., Subject: rick trainor, Relation: employer, Options: (A) capital (B) rector (C) school (D) the atlantic (E) the nation (F) time (G) united nations (H) university of cambridge (I) university of greenwich (J) university of london (K) university of oxford | Output: university of oxford | fc-sni-wiki_hop | 0 | 817bade4a4b4578fe3e289db0034c31961983941b722d9f3f21926b53f0a0473 |
In this task, you are given a Reddit post as a text. Your task is to generate a title for this text. The title should start with "TIFU by", followed by a situation that caused humor. The title should contain 7-12 words, ideally.
[Q]: Text: ok the house next door has been empty for a while until new people moved in the night before. i had not got a chance to meet them. because the houe had been empty for so long, i had gotten in to the bad habit of walking round my room naked after a shower whilst the curtains are wide open so as usual, i came out of the shower, singing and dancing completely naked with earphones in.
after a while i turned around just to see my new english teacher walk in to the room and see me completely naked. out of fright, i tried to run but slipped and landed on my ass. i managed to crawl out of my room into the bathroom to get a towel but on my return, he was gone.
i have english tomorrow first thing and frankly don't know how i will survive knowing my teacher saw everything from boobs and onwards.
**update**
so went to class and sat at the back of the class trying to face the wall. he then gave out marked homework and there was a little eye contact. because my friends knew about the awkward situation, they told me that they saw him smirk but then they made the whole lesson awks by giggling and making innuendos and weird inappropriate noise. one burst into the lonely island- i just had sex. they have made it their life goal to make sure i never forget and english remain the most awkward lesson forever.
anyway kept my head down and said nothing the whole lesson and afterwards run out of their like my ass was lit and sprayed kerosene.
[A]: TIFU by flashing my teacher
[Q]: Text: edit: maybe nsfw?
this happened about an hour and a half ago. so yesterday i had some mild food poisoning brought on by leftover pulled pork, i think. fast forward to today and i'm feeling much better, had some eggs and a banana for breakfast, no problems arise. just before my last class of the day i get a hankering for some lo mein and orange beef. i satisfy my need with the chinese food restaurant in the student union. again everything seems fine and i head over to lecture. it was not fine. i prefer to sit in one of the rows closer to the front so i can at least pretend to be a good student. and there happened to be a good spot in the 3rd row a couple seats down from a gorgeous girl. now i'm not much for hitting on girls mid-class because i do actually need to pass. but she's easy on the eyes, and maybe the opportunity would arise to strike up a conversation. but i digress. the opportunity did not arise, rather lecture turned into 30 minutes of pure hell. twenty minutes into class my insides begin to churn something awful and have the sound effects to go with it. what starts as drawn out groans and gurgling, begins to spout more detrimental effects further south. amidst all this, my professor announces that our first quiz is on monday and, being the cool guy he is, is going to give us some answers without giving us the answers. i begin shifting around in the little wooden stadium seat trying to ease the pressure in whatever way possible. my body is screaming, "get out now, maintain some dignity while you can." but the exit is all the way in the back, i am smack in the middle of the row, multiple people between me and the aisles. i did not trust that i could easily shimmy past them without gassing the front of the room... or worse. so i planted where i was and continued to squirm, trying to focus as much as i could on what the professor was saying, and off of the circus in my stomach. i caught a few weird glances in my direction like i was on drugs or about to have some sort of psychotic episode. reasonably so, what with all the shifting, clenching and now visible sweating. seconds seemed like days but i powered through. i even managed to wait until my row was clear before i tried getting out of my seat. out in the hallway, it seemed like all time had stopped. think of the flash, as if everybody was moving really slow but he's weaving in between people like they weren't there. that was me up until i made it into the stall. my only relief from this event is that being in a lecture hall i can sit pretty much anywhere and never have to interact with the people who saw me in the horrific state i was in.
[A]: TIFU by eating Chinese food before lecture.
[Q]: Text: so i was at this open mic for comedy and was just wrapping up my set, but before i got off stage i said "give it up for your very smoochable hosts" because one of the hosts was sad about not getting lots of smooches lately and a set that didn't go well before she got there. i also think she's very cute. said host gets on stage and says "if you would have lingered on stage a little longer i would have given you a smooch" to which i reply "that's okay" because i didn't want to seem too cool or too thirsty or some nonsense. i realized what i said was dumb as hell because then she offendedly says "oh well if that's okay then you're definitely not getting a smooch" to which i reply "can i have an iosmooch (supposed to be iou smooch)" to which she replies "that's not a thing." which she's right. that's not a thing and i'm an idiot.
this just happened like 20 minutes ago and i had to type this because i felt so dumb.
[A]: | TIFU by saying "that's okay" when offered a smooch | fc-sni-reddit_tifu_dataset | 0 | cfcd201872427ef68c4a51c41365a5bba1f41d91db194501f66f8c17fed1cf47 |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot. You need to read the extract and create questions that can be answered from the extract. Once you create a question you also need to provide the correct answer for it. Write your answer like "Question: your question, Answer: your answer". The questions should be well-formed and grammatically correct. The questions should be completely answerable from the given passage and should not require any external knowledge. Subjective questions are not allowed. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred. Create questions that result in factoid answers. A simple rule of thumb to decide whether a question is a factoid or not is to see if two different people with average reading/comprehension skills would come up with the same answer after reading the passage.
Asylum Seekers is a freewheeling, demented, dark comedy of the modern world, in which six men and women, fed up with the abuse they suffer in normal society, seek to escape from it and to find asylum as inmates of a mental institution. Theyve all heard about a place up on the hill with an exclusive treatment program; now each of them is out to show just how mad they can be when electro-shock treatment and a comfy bed with a nurse feeding you has come to be the perfect alternative to life on the outside. But the asylum has its own unexpected agenda; for a start, due to a massive influx of patients, there is only one place left. As the characters are made to compete against each other for this spot, it becomes clear that this is no ordinary institution.
Output: | Question: What is the movie Asylum seekers?, Answer: A freewheeling, demented, dark comedy of the modern world. | fc-sni-duorc | 0 | 6739bc622c5b7fd169a4e9b83655c73646a007651e9c6623775e1774f6eddc07 |
In this task, you are given a review of movie. Your task is to classify given movie review into two categories: 1) positive, and 2) negative based on its content.
Q: First of all, this movie isn't a complete disaster. If you had never heard of the real story of Gram Parsons then it might seem a reasonably entertaining diversion. Johnny Knoxville can't really be criticised for his performance as Phil Kaufman - he's pretty good at looking laid-back and down to earth and you can sort of root for his long-suffering everyman. Michael Shannon is due credit for pretty much the same reasons, except he's a hippy stoner. There are some good individual comedic scenes - the hippy-hearse crashing into the airport hanger door stands out. But that's where the good things end, and we begin to see the aspects that make this movie so truly disappointing. The character of Robert Forster as Gram's actual father is an invention so disgraceful as to cast a taint over the entire film. We all know his real father committed suicide when he was young - something that could surely be compared to Gram's life on the edge by a better film-maker. Having Forster as his supposed real father, and not his step-father would be bad enough, if not for the well known difficulties Gram had with the man who actually flew to collect his body. It has been suggested that his step father had admitted to providing Gram's mother with alcohol as she lay dying and that this enraged Gram when he later found out about it. Also the controversy over where Gram's body was buried would surely be reason enough not to invent a benevolent made-up father who actually catches up to the duo and their hearse, but then allows them to go ahead with the burning. Whatever the truth about the man who Gram got the name Parsons from, he certainly bore no resemblance to Forster's character here, and it is hard to see why this role was written. Then there's the addition of Christina Applegate as a greedy chick (yet very pretty of course) who wants Gram's body back so that she can begin to cash in on his estate. Her character, and her acting are non-existent and one wonders why the director didn't just go the whole hog and include a lesbo scene between her and the chick who plays Kaufman's girlfriend(it wouldn't have lowered the tone a whole lot more). When you think of the ingredients that could have been used in a good movie about Parsons, the shortcomings of this film are easily apparent. Country music being changed by a young, polite, southern gentleman - who was also long haired, drug loving, popular with the ladies and ultimately self destructive. Real events like the hanger door crash and the painted hearse and friends like Keith Richards. Instead of these things we have to concentrate wholly on Kaufman's input into Gram's life. Kaufman is obviously still lapping up the cult status he received for what he did (he certainly is a little cult). From interviews it is obvious that he's delighted with the attention. Remember this is the man who made a remark about the genitalia of the naked corpse of Gram Parsons as he was preparing to set it alight. What he did was not an act of great loyalty, but a doped up alcoholic escapade. Looking at Knoxville and the director in interviews, a few things become clear also. It's obvious that they have no real grasp of the story of Gram's life, nor do they wish to have. They want a hit movie about an event that is infamous and crazy. It was an amazing life with a strange end. That the end is the only thing covered by this movie shows how limited an understanding of Gram Parsons the makers had.
A: negative
****
Q: I watched this movie for a project on love. please tell Nicolas Cage to learn what it would feel like to be his character, and then re-read the lines he's saying. My life cannot go on... i accidentally cut off my own hand...my brother was close by. Obviously his fault. And since when have happy endings included the nice guy who takes care of Mom sad and alone. No closure, bad script, and doesn't have enough extension of minor characters. Save yourself, unless your up for a good laugh. Costumes were done appropriately, and extras did a fabulous job. I'm sure it would have been a fun movie to make, but keep it more genre specific, I can't recommend this movie to anyone I know, because it is not an intellectual movie. It is not a chick flick. It is not a strict romantic. And I can't show kids because of the sex and questions to follow. All in all, just not a good flick.
A: negative
****
Q: Awesomely improbable and foolish potboiler that at least has some redeeming, crisp location photography, but it's too unbelievable to generate much in the way of tension. I was kinda hoping that Stanwyck wouldn't make it back in time because, really, she was saddled with the wet, in more ways than one, husband,and she had an idiot child as well..why NOT run off with Meeker? But the nagging question remains..what sort of wood was that pier support made of if a rotten piece of it pulled off didn't float? Stanwyck, always impeccably professional, does the best she could with the material but it's threadbare.
A: | negative
**** | fc-sni-imdb | 0 | 3d97c7d13be037fb0e25ef4810e02a262bd4ea5fa5bb464d077198e3ea748565 |
In this task, you are given a part of an article. Your task is to generate headline (title) for this text. Preferred headlines are under fifteen words.
Q: The computational bottleneck in applying online learning to massive data sets is usually the projection step. We present efficient online learning algorithms that eschew projections in favor of much more efficient linear optimization steps using the Frank-Wolfe technique. We obtain a range of regret bounds for online convex optimization, with better bounds for specific cases such as stochastic online smooth convex optimization. Besides the computational advantage, other desirable features of our algorithms are that they are parameter-free in the stochastic case and produce sparse decisions. We apply our algorithms to computationally intensive applications of collaborative filtering, and show the theoretical improvements to be clearly visible on standard datasets.
A: | Projection-free Online Learning | fc-sni-peer_read | 0 | 17b60c434edda22fd982e3c202a3ffa4a3bf8ab07fb74637ce7078cf3f189ed7 |
In this task, you are given a question and a context passage. You have to answer the question based on the given passage.
Q: Which KG unit has two identical digits, 55, 26, or 54?, Context: Five nights later, Birmingham was hit by 369 bombers from KG 54, KG 26, and KG 55. By the end of November, 1,100 bombers were available for night raids. An average of 200 were able to strike per night. This weight of attack went on for two months, with the Luftwaffe dropping 13,900 short tons (12,600 t) of bombs. In November 1940, 6,000 sorties and 23 major attacks (more than 100 tons of bombs dropped) were flown. Two heavy (50 short tons (45 t) of bombs) attacks were also flown. In December, only 11 major and five heavy attacks were made.
A: 55
****
Q: Where is the MLS based?, Context: New York City is home to the headquarters of the National Football League, Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, the National Hockey League, and Major League Soccer. The New York metropolitan area hosts the most sports teams in these five professional leagues. Participation in professional sports in the city predates all professional leagues, and the city has been continuously hosting professional sports since the birth of the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1882. The city has played host to over forty major professional teams in the five sports and their respective competing leagues, both current and historic. Four of the ten most expensive stadiums ever built worldwide (MetLife Stadium, the new Yankee Stadium, Madison Square Garden, and Citi Field) are located in the New York metropolitan area. Madison Square Garden, its predecessor, as well as the original Yankee Stadium and Ebbets Field, are some of the most famous sporting venues in the world, the latter two having been commemorated on U.S. postage stamps.
A: New York City
****
Q: What happened first, the Taylor Report or Manchester United lifting the UEFA Cup?, Context: However, by the turn of the 1990s the downward trend was starting to reverse; England had been successful in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, reaching the semi-finals. UEFA, European football's governing body, lifted the five-year ban on English clubs playing in European competitions in 1990 (resulting in Manchester United lifting the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1991) and the Taylor Report on stadium safety standards, which proposed expensive upgrades to create all-seater stadiums in the aftermath of the Hillsborough disaster, was published in January of that year.
A: | Taylor Report
**** | fc-sni-adversarial_qa | 0 | 3890523978b650bf5ef04414317781be4c167da6a970793c31b339366301d5dc |
In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot. You need to read the extract and create questions that can be answered from the extract. Once you create a question you also need to provide the correct answer for it. Write your answer like "Question: your question, Answer: your answer". The questions should be well-formed and grammatically correct. The questions should be completely answerable from the given passage and should not require any external knowledge. Subjective questions are not allowed. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred. Create questions that result in factoid answers. A simple rule of thumb to decide whether a question is a factoid or not is to see if two different people with average reading/comprehension skills would come up with the same answer after reading the passage.
Let me give you an example: Twenty-year-old Will Hunting of South Boston is a self-taught, genius-level intellect, though he works as a janitor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and spends his free time drinking with his friends, Chuckie (Ben Affleck), Billy (Cole Hauser) and Morgan (Casey Affleck). When Professor Gerald Lambeau (Stellan Skarsgard) posts a difficult mathematics problem as a challenge for his graduate students, Will solves the problem anonymously, stunning both the graduate students and Lambeau himself. As a challenge to the unknown genius, Lambeau posts an even more difficult problem. Lambeau chances upon Will solving the problem but Will flees the scene. That night at a bar, Will meets Skylar (Minnie Driver), a British student about to graduate from Harvard, who plans on attending medical school at Stanford and gives Will her phone number before leaving.
The answer to this example can be: Question: How old is Will Hunting in the movie ?, Answer: Twenty years
Here is why: This is a good question which results in a factoid answer, and the answer is correct too.
OK. solve this:
A dust speck is dislodged from its obscure place and sent adrift through the Jungle of Nool. At the same time, Horton the elephant (Jim Carrey), the jungle's eccentric nature teacher, takes a dip in the pool. The dust speck floats past him in the air, and he hears a tiny yelp coming from it. Believing that an entire society of microscopic creatures are living on that speck, he places it atop of a clover. Horton finds out the speck harbors the city of Whoville and its inhabitants, the Whos, led by Mayor Ned McDodd (Steve Carell).He has a wife, Sally (Amy Poehler), 96 daughters (whose names all begin with the letter H), and one teenage son named JoJo (Jesse McCartney). Despite being the oldest and next in line for the mayoral position, JoJo doesn't want to be the next mayor, and because he's so scared of disappointing his father, never speaks. Once Horton begins carrying the speck with him, the city starts experiencing strange phenomena (earthquakes and changes in the weather), and the Mayor finds his attempts to caution Whoville challenged by the Town Council, led by the opportunistic yet condescending Chairman (Dan Fogler).After he makes contact with Horton, the Mayor finds out from Dr. Mary Lou LaRue (Isla Fisher) that Whoville will be destroyed if Horton does not find a "safer, more stable home". Horton resolves (with the help of his best friend Morton the mouse (Seth Rogen)) to place the speck atop Mt. Nool, the safest place in the jungle. The head of the jungle, the Sour Kangaroo (Carol Burnett), disbelieving Horton's beliefs and resenting him for overshadowing her authority, attempts several times to demand that Horton give up the speck, but Horton ignores her demands. Also taking force toward Horton are the Wickersham Brothers, a group of monkeys who love making misery. Eventually, the Kangaroo enlists a vulture named Vlad Vladikoff (Will Arnett) to get rid of the speck by force.Vlad manages to steal the clover away from Horton and drops it into a massive field of identical pink clovers, causing an apocalyptic tremor in Whoville. After unsuccessfully picking nearly 3,000,000 clovers, Horton eventually recovers the clover (exactly the 3,000,000th clover). The Kangaroo eventually finds out (thanks by Mrs. Quilligan (Jaime Pressly)) that Horton still has the speck, and decides to rally the jungle community into fighting Horton, saying that Horton's goal will lead to anarchy. Upon cornering him, the Kangaroo offers Horton an escape from punishment by renouncing Whoville's existence.When Horton refuses, in spite of his heartfelt speech, the Kangaroo orders the animals to rope and cage him, and to have the speck and the Whos destroyed in a pot of boiling beezlenut oil. The Mayor enlists all of his people to make noise by shouting "We are here!", as well as playing a variety of instruments, so the animals may hear them, assisted by Jojo's "Symphonophone", an invention which creates a huge musical contribution, but still fails to penetrate the surface of the speck.As Horton lies beaten and captured, the Kangaroo easily takes the clover, and releases it. Meanwhile, JoJo grabs the horn used to project Horton's voice, runs up the highest tower and screams "YOPP!", breaking through the sound barrier just seconds before the speck hits the oil.The Kangaroo's son, Rudy (Josh Flitter) grabs the clover and returns it to Horton. The animals finally hear the Whos and realize the truth and isolate the Kangaroo for (without knowing by herself) tricking them. While being praised for his integrity by his neighbors, Horton even forgives the devastated Kangaroo, and she befriends him with a makeshift umbrella for Whoville. Here, the people of Whoville and the animals of Nool gather in song and recite the chorus from "Can't Fight This Feeling". The film ends with the narrator (Charles Osgood) revealing that the Jungle of Nool, or rather Earth, is just one speck, like Whoville, among numerous others, floating in outer space.
Answer: | Question: what song do the people of whoville and the animals of Nool sing?, Answer: "Can't Fight This Feeling" | fc-sni-duorc | 0 | 1fe82614a28437788fc790db0ef0c5f302d75714b60da41a88d87ce535d2a4c2 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a part of an article. Your task is to generate headline (title) for this text. Preferred headlines are under fifteen words.
Problem:The paper introduces a new method for discrimination of documents given in different scripts. The document is mapped into a uniformly coded text of numerical values. It is derived from the position of the letters in the text line, based on their typographical characteristics. Each code is considered as a gray level. Accordingly, the coded text determines a 1-D image, on which texture analysis by run-length statistics and local binary pattern is performed. It defines feature vectors representing the script content of the document. A modified clustering approach employed on document feature vector groups documents written in the same script. Experimentation performed on two custom oriented databases of historical documents in old Cyrillic, angular and round Glagolitic as well as Antiqua and Fraktur scripts demonstrates the superiority of the proposed method with respect to well-known methods in the state-of-the-art.
Solution: | Document Image Coding and Clustering for Script Discrimination | fc-sni-peer_read | 0 | 38de90efb2853f62ce8e5489493c0366dc70865af01a704ff38e878ce9903755 |
Teacher: You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
I have bought several of the Vitality canned dog food products and have found them all to be of good quality. The product looks more like a stew than a processed meat and it smells better. My Labrador is finicky and she appreciates this product better than most.
Solution: Positive
Reason: It's a positive review because the owner of the dog is satisfied with the product and mentioned that their dog appreciates the product.
Now, solve this instance: Not worth the cost. I have only had these as free samples. I would pay $5 for a pack of 10. I may even be willing to pay $10.00 for a pack of 10. Anything more than $10 is total robbery. So, obviously, $17.99 is WAY too much. This product is SUPER cool, and I LOVED how it worked. But, really? $18.00? Mberry should Market their product as a food enhancer, not as a "Flavor tripping experience". If Mberry does that, and prices their products reasonably, it WILL gain customers. Keeping there product around as a "Flavor tripping experience" will surely make it a passing fad.
Student: | Negative | fc-sni-amazon_fine_food_reviews | 0 | c6638ebdd2496abaf0278d076898dbbb39ca35f7ae8da3b17f88cc7f6f2a8206 |
In this task, you will be presented with a text, a pronoun from the text, and two candidate names. You should determine what the pronoun refers to and classify the answers into A, B, or Neither. A and B here are referring to option A and option B. Position of the pronoun in the text is showed within two "_"s.
Judith Jans Leyster (also Leijster) (July 28, 1609 -- February 10, 1660) was a Dutch Golden Age painter. She was one of three significant women artists in Dutch Golden Age painting; the other two, Rachel Ruysch and Maria van Oosterwijk, were specialized painters of flower still-life s, while Leyster painted genre works, a few portraits, and a single still life. The number of surviving works attributed to _her_ varies between fewer than 20 and about 35. <sep>, Pronoun: her <sep>, A: Maria van Oosterwijk <sep>, B: Leyster | B | fc-sni-gap | 0 | 5029f002dcc4f55cc4e4121abb8628d4939d7a13ee61ffab39fa1fa58e37b275 |
Q: In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words.
The ability to forecast a set of likely yet diverse possible future behaviors of an agent (e.g., future trajectories of a pedestrian) is essential for safety-critical perception systems (e.g., autonomous vehicles). In particular, a set of possible future behaviors generated by the system must be diverse to account for all possible outcomes in order to take necessary safety precautions. It is not sufficient to maintain a set of the most likely future outcomes because the set may only contain perturbations of a dominating single outcome (major mode). While generative models such as variational autoencoders (VAEs) have been shown to be a powerful tool for learning a distribution over future trajectories, randomly drawn samples from the learned implicit likelihood model may not be diverse -- the likelihood model is derived from the training data distribution and the samples will concentrate around the major mode of the data. In this work, we propose to learn a diversity sampling function (DSF) that generates a diverse yet likely set of future trajectories. The DSF maps forecasting context features to a set of latent codes which can be decoded by a generative model (e.g., VAE) into a set of diverse trajectory samples. Concretely, the process of identifying the diverse set of samples is posed as DSF parameter estimation. To learn the parameters of the DSF, the diversity of the trajectory samples is evaluated by a diversity loss based on a determinantal point process (DPP). Gradient descent is performed over the DSF parameters, which in turn moves the latent codes of the sample set to find an optimal set of diverse yet likely trajectories. Our method is a novel application of DPPs to optimize a set of items (forecasted trajectories) in continuous space. We demonstrate the diversity of the trajectories produced by our approach on both low-dimensional 2D trajectory data and high-dimensional human motion data.
A: | We learn a diversity sampling function with DPPs to obtain a diverse set of samples from a generative model. | fc-sni-scitldr | 0 | a2833cbf8d5bb72b530e8191b3b25e93cd9affaff9d7a83637cc295e005edee9 |
In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
Let me give you an example: Passage: Nearing London, Oliver encounters Jack Dawkins, a pickpocket more commonly known by the nickname the "Artful Dodger", and his sidekick, a boy of a humorous nature named Charley Bates, but Oliver's innocent and trusting nature fails to see any dishonesty in their actions. The Dodger provides Oliver with a free meal and tells him of a gentleman in London who will "give him lodgings for nothing, and never ask for change". Grateful for the unexpected assistance, Oliver follows the Dodger to the "old gentleman's" residence. In this way Oliver unwittingly falls in with an infamous Jewish criminal known as Fagin, the gentleman of whom the Artful Dodger spoke. Ensnared, Oliver lives with Fagin and his gang of juvenile pickpockets in their lair at Saffron Hill for some time, unaware of their criminal occupations. He believes they make wallets and handkerchiefs.
The answer to this example can be: Who believes Fagin's gang make wallets and handkerchiefs?.
Here is why: This question is based on the following sentence in the passage "He believes they make wallets and handkerchiefs". It evaluates the understanding that the pronoun "he" refers to name "Oliver". You can ask questions like this one about most pronouns in a paragraph.
OK. solve this:
Passage: The session, held the evening of July 5, proved entirely unfruitful until late in the night. As they were about to abort and go home, Presley took his guitar and launched into a 1946 blues number, Arthur Crudup's "That's All Right". Moore recalled, "All of a sudden, Elvis just started singing this song, jumping around and acting the fool, and then Bill picked up his bass, and he started acting the fool, too, and I started playing with them. Sam, I think, had the door to the control booth open ... he stuck his head out and said, 'What are you doing?' And we said, 'We don't know.' 'Well, back up,' he said, 'try to find a place to start, and do it again.'" Phillips quickly began taping; this was the sound he had been looking for. Three days later, popular Memphis DJ Dewey Phillips played "That's All Right" on his Red, Hot, and Blue show. Listeners began phoning in, eager to find out who the singer really was. The interest was such that Phillips played the record repeatedly during the remaining two hours of his show. Interviewing Presley on air, Phillips asked him what high school he attended in order to clarify his color for the many callers who had assumed that he was black. During the next few days, the trio recorded a bluegrass number, Bill Monroe's "Blue Moon of Kentucky", again in a distinctive style and employing a jury rigged echo effect that Sam Phillips dubbed "slapback". A single was pressed with "That's All Right" on the A side and "Blue Moon of Kentucky" on the reverse.
Answer: | What was the name of the show listeners began phoning in eager to find out who the singer really was? | fc-sni-quoref | 0 | 78677175f22377be180f2b524d969656fad116b4e3c2ced01bce7c1258c81c95 |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a review of movie. Your task is to classify given movie review into two categories: 1) positive, and 2) negative based on its content.
Q: The Straight Story is a multilevel exploration of the goodness and beauty of America. At one level a slow walk through the heartland, it's kind inhabitants, and amber grain, at another level about growing old and remembering what is important(and actively forgetting what isn't). David Lynch gives us time in this movie and helps me to remember that so much can be said with silence. A remarkable movie that will rest gently with me for some time to come.
A: | positive | fc-sni-imdb | 0 | dd53321d148b54a1aa57f05d28abc0f36c6fbc08f8cb93176e13a0ea24c6cc03 |
Given reviews from Amazon, classify those review based on their content into two classes: Negative or Positive.
Input: Consider Input: I purchased this pepper grinder at a kitchen outlet store. One of the "rabbit ear" handles snapped at the base after less than 1 month of use. I don't reccomend this product.
Output: Negative
Input: Consider Input: Paxton Quigley's book is a compliation of parts of other books on firearms self protection. It's a bit overdone, and probably would scare the average woman thinking about protecting herself. Women seem to have special problems protecting themselves. They usually do not want to hurt anyone, and they will do all most anything for a baby or a family member before they will do anything to protect themselves. However, women that are able to continue to practice with a hand gun, usually become quite proficent. They know that they don't know, and they listen to instructions. Most men think they know it all already.
Output: Negative
Input: Consider Input: JoAnn and Monte are two of the best Alaska singers I have ever heard. Back in the early 80's we purchased some tapes from their show in Juneau and are sorry to find out that we can't get CD's now. It seems that nobody carries updated versions that are truly some of the best Alaska folk songs. I was thrilled to get this CD and wish I could find more. | Output: Positive | fc-sni-amazon_polarity | 0 | 58758c4cbbff3e504c22f44b2f2c50ab64ec475538b1eb7a87023a9a7cdce439 |
You are shown a conversation between a user and system. Identify who has spoken the indicated sentence based on the conversation.
Let me give you an example: Sentence1:i need a place to dine in the center thats expensive Sentence2: I have several options for you; do you prefer African, Asian, or British food? Sentence3: Any sort of food would be fine, as long as it is a bit expensive. Could I get the phone number for your recommendation?Question: Who has spoken the sentence 2? (A) User (B) System
The answer to this example can be: Answer: (A) User
Here is why: The sentence 1 is said by a user because the intent of it says that the information has to be gathered from the system
OK. solve this:
Sentence1: their address is unit su43, grande arcade, saint andrews street, cb23bj. phone number is 01223307402. anythin else? Sentence2: Yes, are you wanting any particular type of food? Sentence3: I have made those reservations. Your reference number is F9G08K4X . Sentence4: That is everything thank you. Sentence5: I have 11 museums in that area. The castle galleries is one of my favorites. Would you like more information? Sentence6: I am looking for a restaurant near the centre, moderate priced, please. Sentence7: I would like british food please. Sentence8: Yes. May I have the number and address? Sentence9: That sounds great. Can you book a table for 8 people on Friday at 13:30? Sentence10: You're welcome, Have a great day. Sentence11: How about the restaurant one seven that serves British food and is in the moderate price range? Sentence12: I am looking for places to go in town. The attraction should be in the type of museum and should be in the same area as the restaurant Question: Who has spoken the sentence 8? (A) User (B) System
Answer: | Answer: (A) User | fc-sni-multi_woz_v22 | 0 | 7cb0b5b3f2d0777ceea37d6260072bd424f89f762cf0905e007affd059cbb63d |
Teacher:In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: The expansion and improvement of high-containment animal facilities has been driven by terrorism, economics, the emergence of new pathogens, and the re-emergence of other pathogens in new areas. Working with highly infectious viral agents requires a team of trained scientists, laboratory technicians, veterinarians, animal care staff, biological safety officers, engineers, and physical plant staff to ensure safety, biocontainment, and the animals' well being, while providing essential scientific data. The challenges of working with infectious disease agents in high levels of containment, and some solutions to these challenges, are described from an animal care point of view.
Student: | Issues Related to the Use of Animals in Biocontainment Research Facilities | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 2a7020024f6bdf15d0f98a8a6f6b2d7f6134632e17f10d77b6211d76d090e44e |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you're given the title of a five-sentence story, the first four sentences, and two options for the fifth sentence as a and b. Your job is to pick the sentence option that seamlessly connects with the rest of the story, indicating your choice as 'a' or 'b'. If both sentences are plausible, pick the one that makes more sense.
Title: Too Late. Sentence 1: My mom threw my homework in the trash. Sentence 2: She tied the bag and threw it in the dumpster outside. Sentence 3: I spent several searching for my homework. Sentence 4: When she told me that she threw it away, I was frustrated. Choices: a. Jane won and things were fixed. b. The rest of my night was spent completing it again. | b | fc-sni-rocstories | 0 | 93b041e86e79250fe5dffb149d2e5533b51375534b9ba5c1cee0a00658438d5e |
In this task, five ordered key facts are given. All the given facts are expressed in natural language. Your job is to generate a story 100 to 1000 words long, that includes all the facts given as input in their order of appearance while expanding upon them to produce a broader, yet coherent, narrative.
Ex Input:
Fact1: Sekhar and Anand along with Mangalam escaped Nagappan, Fact2: Sekhar is raised by him as criminal, Fact3: same man killed father, Fact4: Babu During is wounded police encounter, Fact5: D. I. G. Mogan after seeing striking resemblance between him have them arrested him and Babu
Ex Output:
Twins Sekhar and Anand Master Sekhar along with Mangalam Pandari Bai, their mother witness their father S. V. Ramadoss being killed by escaped prisoner Nagappan M. N. Nambiar, and are griefstricken. This prompts the family to leave to Chennai in order to pursue a new life. But when Sekhar gets down from the train to fetch some water, it leaves without him. Nagappan arrives and kidnaps Sekhar, who is raised by him as a criminal. Sekhar remains unaware that the same man killed his father. Years later, Sekhar M. G. Ramachandran who now calls himself Babu, is an established criminal and is the most wanted man in the city. Meanwhile, Anand is a clubdancer and neither are aware of each others existence. During a police encounter, Babu is grievously wounded and seeks shelter in Mangalams house, although he does not recognise her as his mother. He develops a soft corner for her, but when Nagappan now known as Boobadhi, the owner of a cabaret and employer of Babu learns about this, he tries to eradicate the kindself out of Babu. During another police encounter, Babu is again wounded but becomes insane this time, also becoming amnesiac. D. I. G. Mogan Major Sundarrajan, the local inspector then comes across Anand, and after seeing the striking resemblance between him and Babu, advices him to act as Babu in order to get all the secrets of the gang and have them arrested. Anand agrees, but later realises Babu is his brother. Anands girlfriend Jaya Jayalalithaa sees him having lot of money in a briefcase, and the police chase him. Unaware of the truth, she thinks he has turned into a criminal, and refuses to speak to him. Anands mother also comes to know of this, and becomes heartbroken. However, Mangalam and Jaya soon reconcile with Anand after learning of the truth, and they both also learn that Babu is his brother. Babus girlfriend Asha Rajasree later discovers that Anand is impersonating Babu, but he surrenders to her and explains about Babus medical condition, subsequently revealing himself as Babus brother. Asha forgives him and the duo subsequently team up to defeat Nagappan and his men. Babu later escapes from the prison to kill Anand when learning about him, but is cornered by Jaya who tells him that Anand is his brother. Babu refuses to believe this, and kidnaps Jaya. He is later stopped by Mangalam, who makes him realise that he is her son and Anand is his brother, Babu finally realises it. Remembering that Nagappan killed his father, he teams up with Anand to defeat Nagappan, who is later arrested. Subsequently, Babu returns to being Sekhar, and reunites with his family.
Ex Input:
Fact1: Bean Following misunderstanding involving taxi at is forced to make way to board next train towards Cannes Paris railway station Gare du Nord, Fact2: Nord Whilst took dislike to waiting for next he French seafood cuisine at restaurant Le Train Bleu mistakenly eating langoustine whole and pouring oysters, Fact3: Emil 's son is left on board without father, Fact4: train At leaves without him next station, Fact5: Attempts at calling number prove fruitless due to mistaken identity from Emil 's housekeeper of hotel room
Ex Output:
Mr. Bean Rowan Atkinson drives to a church fete where he wins the first prize in a raffle a holiday involving a train journey to Cannes, a video camera, and 200. Following a misunderstanding involving a taxi at Paris railway station Gare du Nord, Bean is forced to make his way unorthodoxly towards the Gare de Lyon from La Defense to board his next train towards Cannes. However, a vending machine prevents him from boarding, and he misses his train. Whilst waiting for the next, he samples French seafood cuisine at the restaurant Le Train Bleu, mistakenly eating a langoustine whole and pouring the oysters he took a dislike to into a womans handbag. Back on the platform, Bean asks a man, Emil Duchevsky Karel Roden, a Russian movie director, to use his camcorder to film his boarding the train, but spends so much time retaking the shot that the train starts to leave. Although Bean manages to get onto the train, the doors close before Emil can get on. Emils son, Stepan Max Baldry is therefore left on board without his father. Bean attempts without success to befriend the boy. At the next station, the train leaves without him when he disembarks to get his camcorder back from Stepan who had disembarked earlier. The train Emil has boarded does not stop at the station, and he instead holds up a sign showing a mobile number, with the last two digits inadvertently being covered by his fingers. Attempts at calling the number prove fruitless due to a mistaken identity from Emils housekeeper of his hotel room. Bean and Stepan board the next train but get kicked off as Bean had left his wallet and ticket on the telephone box. Attempts at busking, including lip syncing to Puccinis O mio babbino caro, prove successful, and Bean buys the pair food and bus tickets to Cannes. Bean manages to lose his ticket that attaches itself to a chickens leg, and instead attempts to hitchhike his way there. Bean soon falls asleep, exhausted from walking and wakes up on what appears to be a quaint French village attacked by wehrmacht backed by a StuG III, but is actually a film set for a yoghurt advert. Bean ends up as an extra in the advert, directed by Carson Clay Willem Dafoe. When Beans camera battery dies, he recharges it using the sets equipment, but accidentally ends up destroying the set in an explosion. Bean then tries to hitchhike again and is picked up by a yellow Mini identical to his, driven by actress Sabine Emma de Caunes, who offers him a lift to Cannes. She is an aspiring actress on her way to the 59th Cannes Film Festival, where the film in which she makes her debut as an extra will be presented. When they stop at a service station, Bean finds Stepan dancing in a cafe with a band. Sabine agrees to take him with them, assuming that Stepan is Beans son, while Stepan thinks Sabine is Beans fiancee. Bean uses Sabines mobile phone to try to call Emil again, but to no avail, and the trio end up driving through the night. The next morning, they reach Cannes. When Sabine goes into a petrol station to change for the premiere, she sees Beans photo on the television; he is suspected of kidnapping Stepan while Sabine is Beans accomplice. However, since the premiere in Cannes is scheduled to start in one hour, she decides not to go to the police to clear the misunderstandings. Therefore, to get into the premiere, Stepan and Bean disguise themselves as Sabines daughter and mother, respectively, and manage to evade the police. After sneaking into the premiere, Sabine and Bean are disappointed to see that her scene has been cut from the film. Bean plugs his video camera into the projector, projecting his video diary. The bizarre tale it tells fits director Carson Clays narration well, and the director, Sabine, and Bean receive standing ovations as Stepan is finally reunited with his father. After the screening, Bean leaves the building by the back door, finally making his way onto Cannes beach. A montage follows of Bean playing by the waters edge, while Sabine is interviewed, Carson Clay attempts to mimic Beans unorthodox filming methods, and Stepan relaxes with his family. The film ends with the entire cast and background crowd miming a musical finale La Mer. After the credits, Bean writes FIN in the sand with his foot. He films it until the sea washes the words away, and the cameras battery runs out.
Ex Input:
Fact1: Sunil Verma is asked by boss to impersonate dead Ashok Saxena, Fact2: Ashok Saxena is younger brother of Rani, Fact3: Gayatri Saxena 's dead husband was high commissioner in Manila, Fact4: Ashok 's picture with Gayatri has been replaced by Sunil 's, Fact5: Sheela and father are stopped on way by Sunil 's boss with subordinates
Ex Output: | Sunil Verma is asked by his boss to impersonate dead Ashok Saxena and steal secret national documents, jewels and gold statues from Devigarh estate. Ashok Saxena, a race car driver, is the younger brother of Rani Gayatri Saxenas dead husband, who was the high commissioner in Manila. In Devigarh, only Gayatri knows Ashok on sight. Sunil has been briefed well by his boss. Ashoks picture with Gayatri has been replaced by Sunils. She is unable to prove that Sunil is a fake and asks Sheela Ashoks exfiance to come as she too knows Ashok by face. Sheela and her father are stopped on their way to Devigarh by Sunils boss with his subordinates. She is asked to travel alone with Sunils colleague as driver and identify Sunil as Ashok, else her father would be in trouble. Sheela obliges and the driver stays back in Devigarh. Sunil matches Ashoks racing skills. Gayatri is frustrated. | fc-sni-facts2story | 0 | 424069d5ccae4420e8db5c0492373a3aa20a00f06efb8b1d3154419cb3cd4b56 |
In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
We investigated the incidences and characteristics of pediatric traumatic injuries requiring emergency department visits, through a complementary approach using both nationwidesample and single-institutional data. Data for children (aged <15 years) identified with traumatic injuries during a 10-year period from the Korean National Health Insurance Sharing Service (n = 35,064 among 10,114,909 randomly sampled cases from the claim records of the National Health Insurance) and the authors' institute (n = 39,228) were retrospectively reviewed. The incidences and characteristics of the injuries were investigated using both datasets; additionally, detailed information regarding the injury environments was investigated using the single-institutional data. The findings were similar across both datasets. The incidence of injuries increased during the study period; the head was most commonly injured, whereas the trunk or proximal extremities were rarely injured; low-energy head injuries accounted for >50% of the cases in children aged <5 years, although the incidences of lowerextremity injuries and fractures increased in older children. Single-institutional data demonstrated that the proportion of indoor playground and trampoline-related injuries increased rapidly during the study period, and outdoor injuries and seasonal variation (with peak incidences in May and June) were more prominent in older children. Based on similarities between both datasets, the detailed results regarding pediatric traumatic injuries obtained from the singleinstitutional data could be generalized nationally with adequate external validity. To prevent traumatic injuries, it may be more effective to wear protective equipment covering the head and distal extremities rather than the trunk or proximal extremities; simple clothing, such as caps, could prevent many injuries in preschoolers. Among older children, safety guidelines for outdoor sports/leisure activities are needed. The increase in pediatric traumatic injuries may be partially explained by the increased availability of indoor playgrounds and installation of trampolines. Stricter adherence to the preventive guidelines is needed. Low-energy injuries (that is, superficial injuries such as abrasions or open wounds such as lacerations) were the most common injury type for children aged <5 years. Although fracture is a rare injury type in young children, it was relatively common in children aged >5 years and became the most common injury type in children aged >11 years (bold font). Data are presented as n (%).
Characteristics and trends of traumatic injuries in children visiting emergency departments in South Korea: A retrospective serial cross-sectional study using both nationwide-sample and single-institutional data
A reversed passive hemagglutination (I~PHA) method was developed for the detection of bovine eoronavirus in fecal specimens. Sheep erythrocytes fixed with glutaraldehyde, and then treated with tannic acid were coated with anti-bovine coronavirus rabbit antibodies purified by affinity chromatography using bovine eoronavirus linked to Sepharose 4B. The RPHA test was carried out by a microtiter method. Erythrocytes coated with purified specific antibodies were agglutinated by bovine coronavirus, but not by bovine rotavirus or enterovirus. The reaction was inhibited by antiserum to bovine coronavirus, confirming the specificity of the reaction. The I~PIIA test detected bovine coronavirus in 13 of 22 fecal specimens (59 per cent), from natural cases of diarrhea, while the positive rates were only 14 per cent (3/22) and 22 per cent (5/22) for immunofluorescent staining of primary cultures of calf kidney cells infected with the specimens, and immune electron microscopy respectively. The advantages of the I~PHA method are its simplicity, high sensitivity and rapidity.
Archives of Virology Detection of Bovine Coronavirus in Feces by Reversed Passive Hemagglutination
Brome mosaic virus (BMV) protein 1a has multiple key roles in viral RNA replication. 1a localizes to perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes as a peripheral membrane protein, induces ER membrane invaginations in which RNA replication complexes form, and recruits and stabilizes BMV 2a polymerase (2a Pol ) and RNA replication templates at these sites to establish active replication complexes. During replication, 1a provides RNA capping, NTPase and possibly RNA helicase functions. Here we identify in BMV 1a an amphipathic a-helix, helix A, and use NMR analysis to define its structure and propensity to insert in hydrophobic membrane-mimicking micelles. We show that helix A is essential for efficient 1a-ER membrane association and normal perinuclear ER localization, and that deletion or mutation of helix A abolishes RNA replication. Strikingly, mutations in helix A give rise to two dramatically opposite 1a function phenotypes, implying that helix A acts as a molecular switch regulating the intricate balance between separable 1a functions. One class of helix A deletions and amino acid substitutions markedly inhibits 1a-membrane association and abolishes ER membrane invagination, viral RNA template recruitment, and replication, but doubles the 1a-mediated increase in 2a Pol accumulation. The second class of helix A mutations not only maintains efficient 1a-membrane association but also amplifies the number of 1a-induced membrane invaginations 5-to 8-fold and enhances viral RNA template recruitment, while failing to stimulate 2a Pol accumulation. The results provide new insights into the pathways of RNA replication complex assembly and show that helix A is critical for assembly and function of the viral RNA replication complex, including its central role in targeting replication components and controlling modes of 1a action. | An Amphipathic a-Helix Controls Multiple Roles of Brome Mosaic Virus Protein 1a in RNA Replication Complex Assembly and Function | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | 212611204a11b7f4442d99a29cdd1129d085560513696000f1a7ca8887229eb6 |
In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Q: For epidemic control, rapid identification and characterization of the responsible unknown agent are crucial. To address this critical question, a method was developed for virus discovery based on a flexible nested-PCR subtraction hybridization. As a positive control, we used hepatitis C virus as a hypothetical unrecognized virus and "discover" it in the sample. Using template-switching universal long-PCR to produce large quantities of cDNA, our nested-PCR-based subtractive hybridization coupled with a single-strand deletion technology removed most of the common cDNA. Following subtraction hybridization, a cDNA library was constructed and displayed by differential reverse dot blot hybridization. This new genomic subtraction hybridization method will be ideally suited to identify rapidly any previously unrecognized viral agent. Published by Elsevier B.V.
A: | Rapid approach to identify an unrecognized viral agent | fc-sni-coda_19 | 0 | fe0a2a4f0b4fb21418e8ed92e32da65f58cdb0534c8249d3cea6cd433ea75cd5 |