Questions,Answers

1.   Why and how did I get diabetes?,"Diabetes occurs for a number of reasons, but the ultimate cause of the high blood sugar that characterizes the disorder is either deficiency of the hormone insulin or a combination of insulin deficiency and resistance of the body tissues to its actions. In response to food intake, insulin is released by specialized cells in the pancreas and is necessary for adequate amounts of glucose and other nutrients from food to be absorbed into certain tissues of the body. When insulin is lacking or the body resists its actions, the level of glucose in the blood becomes excessively high and diabetes is diagnosed. The difference in the balance between the two characterizes the two major forms of diabetes—type 1 and type 2"

2.   What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?,"Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are two distinct forms of diabetes, each with its own causes, characteristics, and management approaches. Here are the key differences between them:Type 1 Diabetes: This is an autoimmune condition. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. The exact cause of this autoimmune response is not fully understood but is believed to involve genetic and environmental factors.Type 2 Diabetes: This form of diabetes is primarily linked to lifestyle and genetics. It often develops in people who are overweight or obese and have a family history of diabetes. Insulin resistance, where the body's cells don't respond effectively to insulin, and a relative lack of insulin production are characteristic of Type 2 diabetes."

3.   Can diabetes be cured?,"In general, we do not consider that diabetes can be cured once it has been diagnosed. People with type 2 diabetes can reverse the detectable abnormalities of diabetes by lifestyle adjustment without the use of medications."

4.   Is there such a thing as borderline diabetes? What is it?,The term borderline diabetes has now been replaced by the term prediabetes. Both terms indicate that a person has abnormalities in his or her plasma glucose levels that fall short of standard accepted definitions for frank diabetes.

5.   What’s the normal glucose level for a diabetic patient?,"Fasting blood sugar levels less than 100mg/dL is normal. Reading between 100 and 125 mg/dL is borderline (called pre-diabetes). 126 mg/dL and above signals diabetes.Postprandial blood sugar level less than 140 mg/dL is normal. Reading between 141 and 200mg/dL is borderline or pre-diabetes. 200 mg/dL and above signals diabetes.Besides, a random blood sugar test – irrespective of when you last ate – should always be less than 200 mg/dL. But if you are already diagnosed with the disease, your doctor would set new targets for you, and this new target will depend on your existing condition, as well as other factors.For  more  information  call  now  on  0800-66766  and  talk  to  our  certified  healthcare practitioner for free."

6.   Should I stop eating sugar altogether?,"Although you must be careful about your intake of added sugar, you don’t have to entirely eliminate it from your diet.Understand that sugar doesn’t ‘directly’ cause diabetes. It contains too many calories, which adds to your body weight. And the more weight you put on, the worse your diabetes will get. Hence, you should limit food and drinks that have added sugar."

7.   When do I need to take insulin dosage?,"It depends on your existing condition and what your doctor recommends.The first line of defense against diabetes is always lifestyle modification. If it’s not working well in reducing the blood sugar level, then medication is prescribed. If that too isn’t working, the doctor would usually recommend insulin dosages.To answer this question, we would say, “It depends on how high your blood sugar is and what your doctor suggests”.For assistance call now on 0800-66766 and talk to our certified healthcare practitioner for free."

8.   How can I lower my blood glucose level quickly?,"The first rule is to not let your blood glucose level spike too high in the first place. So, avoid a high-carb diet. But if the level has increased, go for a walk; walk for at least half an hour. Drink more water. Take a hot bath. Stay prepared by asking your doctor the right action plan. Based on your existing conditions and diabetes care and management plan, your doctor would tell you exactly what you should do if your blood glucose level spikes."

9.   What lifestyle modifications do I need to make?,"?    Lose excess weight – especially the deposited fat in the belly?    Exercise at least 5 days a week for 30 minutes every day?    After meals, go on a walk?    Have more fiber in your diet?    Avoid foods that would make add weight?    Start doing yoga and/or meditation to lower your stress level?    Manage your daily calorie intake"

10. Will taking my medicine correct the glucose level?,"Different people respond differently to diabetes medications. Ideally, after taking the medicine, within a time frame, the blood sugar level should come down. But it isn’t So, taking medicine alone isn’t guaranteed to control your diabetes. A lot of factors come into play here.assured. This means, relying on medicine alone isn’t sufficient. Medicine will only work effectively when you’re also mixing it with proper diet and adequate exercise."

11. What are the symptoms of high blood sugar level?,"There are several signs of an increased blood sugar level. It includes:?    Increase in thirst?    Urinating frequently?    Nausea?    Dry mouth?    Fruit-like breath odor?    Fatigue?    Blurred vision?    Rapid heartbeatHowever, if you do see these signs, they do not necessarily mean a high blood sugar level. There could be other reasons as well. You should visit a medical facility for proper diagnosis."

12. I feel thirty all the time? What does that mean?,"There are several signs of an increased blood sugar level. It includes:?    Increase in thirst?    Urinating frequently?    Nausea?    Dry mouth?    Fruit-like breath odor?    Fatigue?    Blurred vision?    Rapid heartbeatHowever, if you do see these signs, they do not necessarily mean a high blood sugar level. There could be other reasons as well. You should visit a medical facility for proper diagnosis."

13. I wake up 3 to 4 times every time to urinate. What does that mean ?,"There are several signs of an increased blood sugar level. It includes:?    Increase in thirst?    Urinating frequently?    Nausea?    Dry mouth?    Fruit-like breath odor?    Fatigue?    Blurred vision?    Rapid heartbeatHowever, if you do see these signs, they do not necessarily mean a high blood sugar level. There could be other reasons as well. You should visit a medical facility for proper diagnosis."

14. I feel fatigued all the time. What can be the reason?,"There are several signs of an increased blood sugar level. It includes:?    Increase in thirst?    Urinating frequently?    Nausea?    Dry mouth?    Fruit-like breath odor?    Fatigue?    Blurred vision?    Rapid heartbeatHowever, if you do see these signs, they do not necessarily mean a high blood sugar level. There could be other reasons as well. You should visit a medical facility for proper diagnosis."

15. What long-term complication can type 2 diabetes cause?,"Diabetes is a progressive disease. If left unchecked, it can gradually lead to life-threatening complications. Some of which are kidney damage, cardiovascular disease, eye Plus, having diabetes may lead to psychological issues like stress and depression, which are often overlooked.problems, hearing impairment, amputations and more."

16. I feel fine. Do I still need to worry about my diabetes condition?,"If your blood sugar level is more than what your doctor has set the target for, you have every reason to care about it. As mentioned, diabetes is a progressive disease. Depending on your age and condition, it might not cause any short-term complications.But it sure is damaging your overall health, which would become evident and fatal in the long- run. Hence do not just focus on how you feel, instead note what your glucose monitor reads. "

17. Can I stop taking the medications if my blood sugar levels are normal?,"If your blood sugar level is more than what your doctor has set the target for, you have every reason to care about it. As mentioned, diabetes is a progressive disease. Depending on your age and condition, it might not cause any short-term complications.But it sure is damaging your overall health, which would become evident and fatal in the long- run. Hence do not just focus on how you feel, instead note what your glucose monitor reads. "

18. What are the risk factors of Diabetes Mellitus?,"Certain factors increase a person’s risk of developing diabetes. Risk factors for Type 1 diabetes:?    Family history of type 1 diabetes (genetic predisposition).?    Younger age – higher likelihood of being diagnosed as a child, teenager, or young adult. Risk factors for Type 2 diabetes:?    Family history of type 2 diabetes.?    Overweight.?    Unhealthy diet.?    Physically inactive.?    Smoking."

19.  Why do people with diabetes have sugar present in their urine?,"Normally, when blood sugar (glucose) rises to a level above 0.25mg/ml in the blood, sugar will appear in the urine. This condition is known as glucosuria."

20.  Are people with diabetes restricted from consuming sugar?,"Diabetes is not caused only by sugar consumption. However, you should still limit your intake of sugary beverages and sweets.Understandably, people get confused about the role of sugary foods and beverages in diabetes. This may be due to the fact that the food you consume is digested and converted into a form of sugar known as glucose.In diabetes, your body is either unable to produce enough insulin or use the insulin produced. Therefore, the excess glucose remains in the blood and your blood sugar level increases."

21. Can insulin cure diabetes?,"Insulin does not cure diabetes; it is used to treat diabetes. People with type 1 diabetes are required to inject insulin as their body is unable to produce insulin.On the other hand, type 2 diabetes can be treated with oral medications but may also require insulin, particularly if other medications are not effective at maintaining your blood sugar levels within a healthy range."

22.  Are people with diabetes more prone to cold and other illnesses?,"High blood sugars weaken the person's immunity and result in more frequent infections such as colds, skin infections, urine infections, boils, and abscesses. Hence, it is important to have good glucose control."

23. What are the complications of Diabetes? Complications of Diabetes Mellitus,"1. Diabetic retinopathyThe most common eye condition associated with diabetes is diabetic retinopathy. It is one of the most common causes of blindness in adults in developed countries.In diabetic retinopathy, the blood vessels in the retina (layer of cells that cover the surface of the back of the eye) are damaged due to high blood sugar.This can cause the blood vessels to swell and leak, leading to blurry vision and eventually blindness if left untreated.2. Diabetic neuropathyNerve damage caused by diabetes is  known  as  diabetic  neuropathy. High  blood sugar can damage your nerves, and these nerves may stop sending messages to other parts of your body.Nerve damage can result in various health problems ranging from mild to severe pain affecting your daily activities.3. Diabetic nephropathyDiabetic nephropathy refers to kidney problems due to diabetes. Normal kidney functions can be affected by diabetes. This can eventually result in chronic kidney disease and kidney failure.4. Cardiovascular diseaseDiabetes increases a person's risk of cardiovascular disease, which can lead to heart attack, stroke, or even death."

24. How can I prevent Diabetes?,"Currently, Type 1 diabetes is not preventable, but it can be treated by your doctor.On the other hand, Type 2 diabetes is largely preventable with simple lifestyle modificationssuch as:Staying active and getting at least 15 minutes of exercise each day.?    Eating healthy?    Increase intake of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains.?    Reduce intake of red meat, processed meat, and refined carbohydrates?    Maintain a healthy weight.?    Quit smoking.?    Reduce alcohol consumption. Reference:"

25. How many times do you eat each day?,"When you have type 2 diabetes, taking time to plan your meals goes a long way  toward controlling your blood sugar and weight.Your main focus is on keeping your blood sugar (glucose) level in your target range. To help manage your blood sugar, follow a meal plan that has:?    Food from all the food groups?    Fewer calories?    About the same amount of carbohydrates at each meal and snack?    Healthy fatsAlong with healthy eating, you can help keep your blood sugar in target range by maintaining a healthy weight. People with type 2 diabetes are often overweight or obese. Losing even 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms) can help you manage your diabetes better. Eating healthy foods and staying active (for example, 60 total minutes of walking or other activity per day) can help you meet and maintain your weight loss goal. Activity lets your muscles use sugar from the blood without needing insulin to move the sugar into the muscle cells.HOW CARBOHYDRATES AFFECT BLOOD SUGARCarbohydrates in food give your body energy. You need to eat carbohydrates to maintain yourenergy. But carbohydrates also raise your blood sugar higher and faster than other kinds of food.The main kinds of carbohydrates are starches, sugars, and fiber. Learn which foods have carbohydrates. This will help with meal planning so that you can keep your blood sugar in your target range. Not all carbohydrates can be broken down and absorbed by your body. Foods with more non-digestible carbohydrates, or fiber, are less likely to increase your blood sugar out of your goal range. These include foods such as beans and whole grains.MEAL PLANNING FOR CHILDREN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETESMeal plans should consider the amount of calories children need to grow. In general, three small meals and three snacks a day can help meet calorie needs. Many children with type 2 diabetes are overweight. The goal should be able to reach a healthy weight by eating healthy foods and getting more activity (150 minutes in a week).Work with a registered dietitian to design a meal plan for your child. A registered dietitian is an expert in food and nutrition.The following tips can help your child stay on track:No food is off-limits. Knowing how different foods affect your child's blood sugar helps you and your child keep blood sugar in target range.Help your child learn how much food is a healthy amount. This is called portion control.Have your family gradually switch from drinking soda and other sugary drinks, such as sports drinks and juices, to plain water or low-fat milk.PLANNING MEALSEveryone has individual needs. Work with your health care provider, registered dietitian, or diabetes educator to develop a meal plan that works for you.When shopping, read food labels to make better food choices.A good way to make sure you get all the nutrients you need during meals is to use the plate method. This is a visual food guide that helps you choose the best types and right amounts of food to eat. It encourages larger portions of non-starchy vegetables (half the plate) and moderate portions of protein (one quarter of the plate) and starch (one quarter of the plate).EAT A VARIETY OF FOODSEating a wide variety of foods helps you stay healthy. Try to include foods from all the food groups at each meal.VEGETABLES (2½ to 3 cups or 450 to 550 grams a day)Choose fresh or frozen vegetables without added sauces, fats, or salt. Non-starchy vegetablesinclude dark green and deep yellow vegetables, such as cucumber, spinach, broccoli, romaine lettuce, cabbage, chard, and bell peppers. Starchy vegetables include corn, green peas, lima beans, carrots, yams and taro. Note that potato should be considered a pure starch, like white bread or white rice, instead of a vegetable.FRUITS (1½ to 2 cups or 240 to 320 grams a day)Choose fresh, frozen, canned (without added sugar or syrup), or unsweetened dried fruits. Try apples, bananas, berries, cherries, fruit cocktail, grapes, melon, oranges, peaches, pears, papaya, pineapple, and raisins. Drink juices that are 100% fruit with no added sweeteners or syrups.GRAINS (3 to 4 ounces or 85 to 115 grams a day) There are 2 types of grains:Whole grains are unprocessed and have the entire grain kernel. Examples are whole-wheat flour, oatmeal, whole cornmeal, amaranth, barley, brown and wild rice, buckwheat, and quinoa.Refined grains have been processed (milled) to remove the bran and germ. Examples are white flour, de-germed cornmeal, white bread, and white rice.Grains have starch, a type of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates raise your blood sugar level. For healthy eating, make sure half of the grains you eat each day are whole grains. Whole grains have lots of fiber. Fiber in the diet keeps your blood sugar level from rising too fast.PROTEIN FOODS (5 to 6½ ounces or 140 to 184 grams a day)Protein foods include meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, beans and peas, nuts, seeds, and processed soy foods. Eat fish and poultry more often. Remove the skin from chicken and turkey. Select lean cuts of beef, veal, pork, or wild game. Trim all visible fat from meat. Bake, roast, broil, grill, or boil instead of frying. When frying proteins, use healthy oils such as olive oil.DAIRY (3 cups or 245 grams a day)Choose low-fat dairy products. Be aware that milk, yogurt, and other dairy foods have natural sugar, even when they do not contain added sugar. Take this into account when planning meals to stay in your blood sugar target range. Some non-fat dairy products have a lot of added sugar. Be sure to read the label.OILS/FATS (no more than 7 teaspoons or 35 milliliters a day)Oils are not considered a food group. But they have nutrients that help your body stay healthy. Oils are different from fats in that oils remain liquid at room temperature. Fats remain solid at room temperature.Limit your intake of fatty foods, especially those high in saturated fat, such as hamburgers,deep-fried foods, bacon, and butter.Instead, choose foods that are high in polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats. These include fish, nuts, and vegetable oils.Oils can raise your blood sugar, but not as fast as starch. Oils are also high in calories. Try to use no more than the recommended daily limit of 7 teaspoons (35 milliliters)."

"26. What should I typically eat for breakfast, lunch and dinner?","When you have type 2 diabetes, taking time to plan your meals goes a long way  toward controlling your blood sugar and weight.Your main focus is on keeping your blood sugar (glucose) level in your target range. To help manage your blood sugar, follow a meal plan that has:?    Food from all the food groups?    Fewer calories?    About the same amount of carbohydrates at each meal and snack?    Healthy fatsAlong with healthy eating, you can help keep your blood sugar in target range by maintaining a healthy weight. People with type 2 diabetes are often overweight or obese. Losing even 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms) can help you manage your diabetes better. Eating healthy foods and staying active (for example, 60 total minutes of walking or other activity per day) can help you meet and maintain your weight loss goal. Activity lets your muscles use sugar from the blood without needing insulin to move the sugar into the muscle cells.HOW CARBOHYDRATES AFFECT BLOOD SUGARCarbohydrates in food give your body energy. You need to eat carbohydrates to maintain yourenergy. But carbohydrates also raise your blood sugar higher and faster than other kinds of food.The main kinds of carbohydrates are starches, sugars, and fiber. Learn which foods have carbohydrates. This will help with meal planning so that you can keep your blood sugar in your target range. Not all carbohydrates can be broken down and absorbed by your body. Foods with more non-digestible carbohydrates, or fiber, are less likely to increase your blood sugar out of your goal range. These include foods such as beans and whole grains.MEAL PLANNING FOR CHILDREN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETESMeal plans should consider the amount of calories children need to grow. In general, three small meals and three snacks a day can help meet calorie needs. Many children with type 2 diabetes are overweight. The goal should be able to reach a healthy weight by eating healthy foods and getting more activity (150 minutes in a week).Work with a registered dietitian to design a meal plan for your child. A registered dietitian is an expert in food and nutrition.The following tips can help your child stay on track:No food is off-limits. Knowing how different foods affect your child's blood sugar helps you and your child keep blood sugar in target range.Help your child learn how much food is a healthy amount. This is called portion control.Have your family gradually switch from drinking soda and other sugary drinks, such as sports drinks and juices, to plain water or low-fat milk.PLANNING MEALSEveryone has individual needs. Work with your health care provider, registered dietitian, or diabetes educator to develop a meal plan that works for you.When shopping, read food labels to make better food choices.A good way to make sure you get all the nutrients you need during meals is to use the plate method. This is a visual food guide that helps you choose the best types and right amounts of food to eat. It encourages larger portions of non-starchy vegetables (half the plate) and moderate portions of protein (one quarter of the plate) and starch (one quarter of the plate).EAT A VARIETY OF FOODSEating a wide variety of foods helps you stay healthy. Try to include foods from all the food groups at each meal.VEGETABLES (2½ to 3 cups or 450 to 550 grams a day)Choose fresh or frozen vegetables without added sauces, fats, or salt. Non-starchy vegetablesinclude dark green and deep yellow vegetables, such as cucumber, spinach, broccoli, romaine lettuce, cabbage, chard, and bell peppers. Starchy vegetables include corn, green peas, lima beans, carrots, yams and taro. Note that potato should be considered a pure starch, like white bread or white rice, instead of a vegetable.FRUITS (1½ to 2 cups or 240 to 320 grams a day)Choose fresh, frozen, canned (without added sugar or syrup), or unsweetened dried fruits. Try apples, bananas, berries, cherries, fruit cocktail, grapes, melon, oranges, peaches, pears, papaya, pineapple, and raisins. Drink juices that are 100% fruit with no added sweeteners or syrups.GRAINS (3 to 4 ounces or 85 to 115 grams a day) There are 2 types of grains:Whole grains are unprocessed and have the entire grain kernel. Examples are whole-wheat flour, oatmeal, whole cornmeal, amaranth, barley, brown and wild rice, buckwheat, and quinoa.Refined grains have been processed (milled) to remove the bran and germ. Examples are white flour, de-germed cornmeal, white bread, and white rice.Grains have starch, a type of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates raise your blood sugar level. For healthy eating, make sure half of the grains you eat each day are whole grains. Whole grains have lots of fiber. Fiber in the diet keeps your blood sugar level from rising too fast.PROTEIN FOODS (5 to 6½ ounces or 140 to 184 grams a day)Protein foods include meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, beans and peas, nuts, seeds, and processed soy foods. Eat fish and poultry more often. Remove the skin from chicken and turkey. Select lean cuts of beef, veal, pork, or wild game. Trim all visible fat from meat. Bake, roast, broil, grill, or boil instead of frying. When frying proteins, use healthy oils such as olive oil.DAIRY (3 cups or 245 grams a day)Choose low-fat dairy products. Be aware that milk, yogurt, and other dairy foods have natural sugar, even when they do not contain added sugar. Take this into account when planning meals to stay in your blood sugar target range. Some non-fat dairy products have a lot of added sugar. Be sure to read the label.OILS/FATS (no more than 7 teaspoons or 35 milliliters a day)Oils are not considered a food group. But they have nutrients that help your body stay healthy. Oils are different from fats in that oils remain liquid at room temperature. Fats remain solid at room temperature.Limit your intake of fatty foods, especially those high in saturated fat, such as hamburgers,deep-fried foods, bacon, and butter.Instead, choose foods that are high in polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats. These include fish, nuts, and vegetable oils.Oils can raise your blood sugar, but not as fast as starch. Oils are also high in calories. Try to use no more than the recommended daily limit of 7 teaspoons (35 milliliters)."

27. What kind of effect do my diet has on my diabetes?,"When you have type 2 diabetes, taking time to plan your meals goes a long way  toward controlling your blood sugar and weight.Your main focus is on keeping your blood sugar (glucose) level in your target range. To help manage your blood sugar, follow a meal plan that has:?    Food from all the food groups?    Fewer calories?    About the same amount of carbohydrates at each meal and snack?    Healthy fatsAlong with healthy eating, you can help keep your blood sugar in target range by maintaining a healthy weight. People with type 2 diabetes are often overweight or obese. Losing even 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms) can help you manage your diabetes better. Eating healthy foods and staying active (for example, 60 total minutes of walking or other activity per day) can help you meet and maintain your weight loss goal. Activity lets your muscles use sugar from the blood without needing insulin to move the sugar into the muscle cells.HOW CARBOHYDRATES AFFECT BLOOD SUGARCarbohydrates in food give your body energy. You need to eat carbohydrates to maintain yourenergy. But carbohydrates also raise your blood sugar higher and faster than other kinds of food.The main kinds of carbohydrates are starches, sugars, and fiber. Learn which foods have carbohydrates. This will help with meal planning so that you can keep your blood sugar in your target range. Not all carbohydrates can be broken down and absorbed by your body. Foods with more non-digestible carbohydrates, or fiber, are less likely to increase your blood sugar out of your goal range. These include foods such as beans and whole grains.MEAL PLANNING FOR CHILDREN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETESMeal plans should consider the amount of calories children need to grow. In general, three small meals and three snacks a day can help meet calorie needs. Many children with type 2 diabetes are overweight. The goal should be able to reach a healthy weight by eating healthy foods and getting more activity (150 minutes in a week).Work with a registered dietitian to design a meal plan for your child. A registered dietitian is an expert in food and nutrition.The following tips can help your child stay on track:No food is off-limits. Knowing how different foods affect your child's blood sugar helps you and your child keep blood sugar in target range.Help your child learn how much food is a healthy amount. This is called portion control.Have your family gradually switch from drinking soda and other sugary drinks, such as sports drinks and juices, to plain water or low-fat milk.PLANNING MEALSEveryone has individual needs. Work with your health care provider, registered dietitian, or diabetes educator to develop a meal plan that works for you.When shopping, read food labels to make better food choices.A good way to make sure you get all the nutrients you need during meals is to use the plate method. This is a visual food guide that helps you choose the best types and right amounts of food to eat. It encourages larger portions of non-starchy vegetables (half the plate) and moderate portions of protein (one quarter of the plate) and starch (one quarter of the plate).EAT A VARIETY OF FOODSEating a wide variety of foods helps you stay healthy. Try to include foods from all the food groups at each meal.VEGETABLES (2½ to 3 cups or 450 to 550 grams a day)Choose fresh or frozen vegetables without added sauces, fats, or salt. Non-starchy vegetablesinclude dark green and deep yellow vegetables, such as cucumber, spinach, broccoli, romaine lettuce, cabbage, chard, and bell peppers. Starchy vegetables include corn, green peas, lima beans, carrots, yams and taro. Note that potato should be considered a pure starch, like white bread or white rice, instead of a vegetable.FRUITS (1½ to 2 cups or 240 to 320 grams a day)Choose fresh, frozen, canned (without added sugar or syrup), or unsweetened dried fruits. Try apples, bananas, berries, cherries, fruit cocktail, grapes, melon, oranges, peaches, pears, papaya, pineapple, and raisins. Drink juices that are 100% fruit with no added sweeteners or syrups.GRAINS (3 to 4 ounces or 85 to 115 grams a day) There are 2 types of grains:Whole grains are unprocessed and have the entire grain kernel. Examples are whole-wheat flour, oatmeal, whole cornmeal, amaranth, barley, brown and wild rice, buckwheat, and quinoa.Refined grains have been processed (milled) to remove the bran and germ. Examples are white flour, de-germed cornmeal, white bread, and white rice.Grains have starch, a type of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates raise your blood sugar level. For healthy eating, make sure half of the grains you eat each day are whole grains. Whole grains have lots of fiber. Fiber in the diet keeps your blood sugar level from rising too fast.PROTEIN FOODS (5 to 6½ ounces or 140 to 184 grams a day)Protein foods include meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, beans and peas, nuts, seeds, and processed soy foods. Eat fish and poultry more often. Remove the skin from chicken and turkey. Select lean cuts of beef, veal, pork, or wild game. Trim all visible fat from meat. Bake, roast, broil, grill, or boil instead of frying. When frying proteins, use healthy oils such as olive oil.DAIRY (3 cups or 245 grams a day)Choose low-fat dairy products. Be aware that milk, yogurt, and other dairy foods have natural sugar, even when they do not contain added sugar. Take this into account when planning meals to stay in your blood sugar target range. Some non-fat dairy products have a lot of added sugar. Be sure to read the label.OILS/FATS (no more than 7 teaspoons or 35 milliliters a day)Oils are not considered a food group. But they have nutrients that help your body stay healthy. Oils are different from fats in that oils remain liquid at room temperature. Fats remain solid at room temperature.Limit your intake of fatty foods, especially those high in saturated fat, such as hamburgers,deep-fried foods, bacon, and butter.Instead, choose foods that are high in polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats. These include fish, nuts, and vegetable oils.Oils can raise your blood sugar, but not as fast as starch. Oils are also high in calories. Try to use no more than the recommended daily limit of 7 teaspoons (35 milliliters)."

28. Can you explain my meal plan?,"When you have type 2 diabetes, taking time to plan your meals goes a long way  toward controlling your blood sugar and weight.Your main focus is on keeping your blood sugar (glucose) level in your target range. To help manage your blood sugar, follow a meal plan that has:?    Food from all the food groups?    Fewer calories?    About the same amount of carbohydrates at each meal and snack?    Healthy fatsAlong with healthy eating, you can help keep your blood sugar in target range by maintaining a healthy weight. People with type 2 diabetes are often overweight or obese. Losing even 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms) can help you manage your diabetes better. Eating healthy foods and staying active (for example, 60 total minutes of walking or other activity per day) can help you meet and maintain your weight loss goal. Activity lets your muscles use sugar from the blood without needing insulin to move the sugar into the muscle cells.HOW CARBOHYDRATES AFFECT BLOOD SUGARCarbohydrates in food give your body energy. You need to eat carbohydrates to maintain yourenergy. But carbohydrates also raise your blood sugar higher and faster than other kinds of food.The main kinds of carbohydrates are starches, sugars, and fiber. Learn which foods have carbohydrates. This will help with meal planning so that you can keep your blood sugar in your target range. Not all carbohydrates can be broken down and absorbed by your body. Foods with more non-digestible carbohydrates, or fiber, are less likely to increase your blood sugar out of your goal range. These include foods such as beans and whole grains.MEAL PLANNING FOR CHILDREN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETESMeal plans should consider the amount of calories children need to grow. In general, three small meals and three snacks a day can help meet calorie needs. Many children with type 2 diabetes are overweight. The goal should be able to reach a healthy weight by eating healthy foods and getting more activity (150 minutes in a week).Work with a registered dietitian to design a meal plan for your child. A registered dietitian is an expert in food and nutrition.The following tips can help your child stay on track:No food is off-limits. Knowing how different foods affect your child's blood sugar helps you and your child keep blood sugar in target range.Help your child learn how much food is a healthy amount. This is called portion control.Have your family gradually switch from drinking soda and other sugary drinks, such as sports drinks and juices, to plain water or low-fat milk.PLANNING MEALSEveryone has individual needs. Work with your health care provider, registered dietitian, or diabetes educator to develop a meal plan that works for you.When shopping, read food labels to make better food choices.A good way to make sure you get all the nutrients you need during meals is to use the plate method. This is a visual food guide that helps you choose the best types and right amounts of food to eat. It encourages larger portions of non-starchy vegetables (half the plate) and moderate portions of protein (one quarter of the plate) and starch (one quarter of the plate).EAT A VARIETY OF FOODSEating a wide variety of foods helps you stay healthy. Try to include foods from all the food groups at each meal.VEGETABLES (2½ to 3 cups or 450 to 550 grams a day)Choose fresh or frozen vegetables without added sauces, fats, or salt. Non-starchy vegetablesinclude dark green and deep yellow vegetables, such as cucumber, spinach, broccoli, romaine lettuce, cabbage, chard, and bell peppers. Starchy vegetables include corn, green peas, lima beans, carrots, yams and taro. Note that potato should be considered a pure starch, like white bread or white rice, instead of a vegetable.FRUITS (1½ to 2 cups or 240 to 320 grams a day)Choose fresh, frozen, canned (without added sugar or syrup), or unsweetened dried fruits. Try apples, bananas, berries, cherries, fruit cocktail, grapes, melon, oranges, peaches, pears, papaya, pineapple, and raisins. Drink juices that are 100% fruit with no added sweeteners or syrups.GRAINS (3 to 4 ounces or 85 to 115 grams a day) There are 2 types of grains:Whole grains are unprocessed and have the entire grain kernel. Examples are whole-wheat flour, oatmeal, whole cornmeal, amaranth, barley, brown and wild rice, buckwheat, and quinoa.Refined grains have been processed (milled) to remove the bran and germ. Examples are white flour, de-germed cornmeal, white bread, and white rice.Grains have starch, a type of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates raise your blood sugar level. For healthy eating, make sure half of the grains you eat each day are whole grains. Whole grains have lots of fiber. Fiber in the diet keeps your blood sugar level from rising too fast.PROTEIN FOODS (5 to 6½ ounces or 140 to 184 grams a day)Protein foods include meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, beans and peas, nuts, seeds, and processed soy foods. Eat fish and poultry more often. Remove the skin from chicken and turkey. Select lean cuts of beef, veal, pork, or wild game. Trim all visible fat from meat. Bake, roast, broil, grill, or boil instead of frying. When frying proteins, use healthy oils such as olive oil.DAIRY (3 cups or 245 grams a day)Choose low-fat dairy products. Be aware that milk, yogurt, and other dairy foods have natural sugar, even when they do not contain added sugar. Take this into account when planning meals to stay in your blood sugar target range. Some non-fat dairy products have a lot of added sugar. Be sure to read the label.OILS/FATS (no more than 7 teaspoons or 35 milliliters a day)Oils are not considered a food group. But they have nutrients that help your body stay healthy. Oils are different from fats in that oils remain liquid at room temperature. Fats remain solid at room temperature.Limit your intake of fatty foods, especially those high in saturated fat, such as hamburgers,deep-fried foods, bacon, and butter.Instead, choose foods that are high in polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats. These include fish, nuts, and vegetable oils.Oils can raise your blood sugar, but not as fast as starch. Oils are also high in calories. Try to use no more than the recommended daily limit of 7 teaspoons (35 milliliters)."

29. Can you tell me which foods and beverages I should avoid?,"When you have type 2 diabetes, taking time to plan your meals goes a long way  toward controlling your blood sugar and weight.Your main focus is on keeping your blood sugar (glucose) level in your target range. To help manage your blood sugar, follow a meal plan that has:?    Food from all the food groups?    Fewer calories?    About the same amount of carbohydrates at each meal and snack?    Healthy fatsAlong with healthy eating, you can help keep your blood sugar in target range by maintaining a healthy weight. People with type 2 diabetes are often overweight or obese. Losing even 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms) can help you manage your diabetes better. Eating healthy foods and staying active (for example, 60 total minutes of walking or other activity per day) can help you meet and maintain your weight loss goal. Activity lets your muscles use sugar from the blood without needing insulin to move the sugar into the muscle cells.HOW CARBOHYDRATES AFFECT BLOOD SUGARCarbohydrates in food give your body energy. You need to eat carbohydrates to maintain yourenergy. But carbohydrates also raise your blood sugar higher and faster than other kinds of food.The main kinds of carbohydrates are starches, sugars, and fiber. Learn which foods have carbohydrates. This will help with meal planning so that you can keep your blood sugar in your target range. Not all carbohydrates can be broken down and absorbed by your body. Foods with more non-digestible carbohydrates, or fiber, are less likely to increase your blood sugar out of your goal range. These include foods such as beans and whole grains.MEAL PLANNING FOR CHILDREN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETESMeal plans should consider the amount of calories children need to grow. In general, three small meals and three snacks a day can help meet calorie needs. Many children with type 2 diabetes are overweight. The goal should be able to reach a healthy weight by eating healthy foods and getting more activity (150 minutes in a week).Work with a registered dietitian to design a meal plan for your child. A registered dietitian is an expert in food and nutrition.The following tips can help your child stay on track:No food is off-limits. Knowing how different foods affect your child's blood sugar helps you and your child keep blood sugar in target range.Help your child learn how much food is a healthy amount. This is called portion control.Have your family gradually switch from drinking soda and other sugary drinks, such as sports drinks and juices, to plain water or low-fat milk.PLANNING MEALSEveryone has individual needs. Work with your health care provider, registered dietitian, or diabetes educator to develop a meal plan that works for you.When shopping, read food labels to make better food choices.A good way to make sure you get all the nutrients you need during meals is to use the plate method. This is a visual food guide that helps you choose the best types and right amounts of food to eat. It encourages larger portions of non-starchy vegetables (half the plate) and moderate portions of protein (one quarter of the plate) and starch (one quarter of the plate).EAT A VARIETY OF FOODSEating a wide variety of foods helps you stay healthy. Try to include foods from all the food groups at each meal.VEGETABLES (2½ to 3 cups or 450 to 550 grams a day)Choose fresh or frozen vegetables without added sauces, fats, or salt. Non-starchy vegetablesinclude dark green and deep yellow vegetables, such as cucumber, spinach, broccoli, romaine lettuce, cabbage, chard, and bell peppers. Starchy vegetables include corn, green peas, lima beans, carrots, yams and taro. Note that potato should be considered a pure starch, like white bread or white rice, instead of a vegetable.FRUITS (1½ to 2 cups or 240 to 320 grams a day)Choose fresh, frozen, canned (without added sugar or syrup), or unsweetened dried fruits. Try apples, bananas, berries, cherries, fruit cocktail, grapes, melon, oranges, peaches, pears, papaya, pineapple, and raisins. Drink juices that are 100% fruit with no added sweeteners or syrups.GRAINS (3 to 4 ounces or 85 to 115 grams a day) There are 2 types of grains:Whole grains are unprocessed and have the entire grain kernel. Examples are whole-wheat flour, oatmeal, whole cornmeal, amaranth, barley, brown and wild rice, buckwheat, and quinoa.Refined grains have been processed (milled) to remove the bran and germ. Examples are white flour, de-germed cornmeal, white bread, and white rice.Grains have starch, a type of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates raise your blood sugar level. For healthy eating, make sure half of the grains you eat each day are whole grains. Whole grains have lots of fiber. Fiber in the diet keeps your blood sugar level from rising too fast.PROTEIN FOODS (5 to 6½ ounces or 140 to 184 grams a day)Protein foods include meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, beans and peas, nuts, seeds, and processed soy foods. Eat fish and poultry more often. Remove the skin from chicken and turkey. Select lean cuts of beef, veal, pork, or wild game. Trim all visible fat from meat. Bake, roast, broil, grill, or boil instead of frying. When frying proteins, use healthy oils such as olive oil.DAIRY (3 cups or 245 grams a day)Choose low-fat dairy products. Be aware that milk, yogurt, and other dairy foods have natural sugar, even when they do not contain added sugar. Take this into account when planning meals to stay in your blood sugar target range. Some non-fat dairy products have a lot of added sugar. Be sure to read the label.OILS/FATS (no more than 7 teaspoons or 35 milliliters a day)Oils are not considered a food group. But they have nutrients that help your body stay healthy. Oils are different from fats in that oils remain liquid at room temperature. Fats remain solid at room temperature.Limit your intake of fatty foods, especially those high in saturated fat, such as hamburgers,deep-fried foods, bacon, and butter.Instead, choose foods that are high in polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats. These include fish, nuts, and vegetable oils.Oils can raise your blood sugar, but not as fast as starch. Oils are also high in calories. Try to use no more than the recommended daily limit of 7 teaspoons (35 milliliters)."

30. How can you help me reach my goals? Diabetes type 2 – MEAL PLANNING,"When you have type 2 diabetes, taking time to plan your meals goes a long way  toward controlling your blood sugar and weight.Your main focus is on keeping your blood sugar (glucose) level in your target range. To help manage your blood sugar, follow a meal plan that has:?    Food from all the food groups?    Fewer calories?    About the same amount of carbohydrates at each meal and snack?    Healthy fatsAlong with healthy eating, you can help keep your blood sugar in target range by maintaining a healthy weight. People with type 2 diabetes are often overweight or obese. Losing even 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms) can help you manage your diabetes better. Eating healthy foods and staying active (for example, 60 total minutes of walking or other activity per day) can help you meet and maintain your weight loss goal. Activity lets your muscles use sugar from the blood without needing insulin to move the sugar into the muscle cells.HOW CARBOHYDRATES AFFECT BLOOD SUGARCarbohydrates in food give your body energy. You need to eat carbohydrates to maintain yourenergy. But carbohydrates also raise your blood sugar higher and faster than other kinds of food.The main kinds of carbohydrates are starches, sugars, and fiber. Learn which foods have carbohydrates. This will help with meal planning so that you can keep your blood sugar in your target range. Not all carbohydrates can be broken down and absorbed by your body. Foods with more non-digestible carbohydrates, or fiber, are less likely to increase your blood sugar out of your goal range. These include foods such as beans and whole grains.MEAL PLANNING FOR CHILDREN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETESMeal plans should consider the amount of calories children need to grow. In general, three small meals and three snacks a day can help meet calorie needs. Many children with type 2 diabetes are overweight. The goal should be able to reach a healthy weight by eating healthy foods and getting more activity (150 minutes in a week).Work with a registered dietitian to design a meal plan for your child. A registered dietitian is an expert in food and nutrition.The following tips can help your child stay on track:No food is off-limits. Knowing how different foods affect your child's blood sugar helps you and your child keep blood sugar in target range.Help your child learn how much food is a healthy amount. This is called portion control.Have your family gradually switch from drinking soda and other sugary drinks, such as sports drinks and juices, to plain water or low-fat milk.PLANNING MEALSEveryone has individual needs. Work with your health care provider, registered dietitian, or diabetes educator to develop a meal plan that works for you.When shopping, read food labels to make better food choices.A good way to make sure you get all the nutrients you need during meals is to use the plate method. This is a visual food guide that helps you choose the best types and right amounts of food to eat. It encourages larger portions of non-starchy vegetables (half the plate) and moderate portions of protein (one quarter of the plate) and starch (one quarter of the plate).EAT A VARIETY OF FOODSEating a wide variety of foods helps you stay healthy. Try to include foods from all the food groups at each meal.VEGETABLES (2½ to 3 cups or 450 to 550 grams a day)Choose fresh or frozen vegetables without added sauces, fats, or salt. Non-starchy vegetablesinclude dark green and deep yellow vegetables, such as cucumber, spinach, broccoli, romaine lettuce, cabbage, chard, and bell peppers. Starchy vegetables include corn, green peas, lima beans, carrots, yams and taro. Note that potato should be considered a pure starch, like white bread or white rice, instead of a vegetable.FRUITS (1½ to 2 cups or 240 to 320 grams a day)Choose fresh, frozen, canned (without added sugar or syrup), or unsweetened dried fruits. Try apples, bananas, berries, cherries, fruit cocktail, grapes, melon, oranges, peaches, pears, papaya, pineapple, and raisins. Drink juices that are 100% fruit with no added sweeteners or syrups.GRAINS (3 to 4 ounces or 85 to 115 grams a day) There are 2 types of grains:Whole grains are unprocessed and have the entire grain kernel. Examples are whole-wheat flour, oatmeal, whole cornmeal, amaranth, barley, brown and wild rice, buckwheat, and quinoa.Refined grains have been processed (milled) to remove the bran and germ. Examples are white flour, de-germed cornmeal, white bread, and white rice.Grains have starch, a type of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates raise your blood sugar level. For healthy eating, make sure half of the grains you eat each day are whole grains. Whole grains have lots of fiber. Fiber in the diet keeps your blood sugar level from rising too fast.PROTEIN FOODS (5 to 6½ ounces or 140 to 184 grams a day)Protein foods include meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, beans and peas, nuts, seeds, and processed soy foods. Eat fish and poultry more often. Remove the skin from chicken and turkey. Select lean cuts of beef, veal, pork, or wild game. Trim all visible fat from meat. Bake, roast, broil, grill, or boil instead of frying. When frying proteins, use healthy oils such as olive oil.DAIRY (3 cups or 245 grams a day)Choose low-fat dairy products. Be aware that milk, yogurt, and other dairy foods have natural sugar, even when they do not contain added sugar. Take this into account when planning meals to stay in your blood sugar target range. Some non-fat dairy products have a lot of added sugar. Be sure to read the label.OILS/FATS (no more than 7 teaspoons or 35 milliliters a day)Oils are not considered a food group. But they have nutrients that help your body stay healthy. Oils are different from fats in that oils remain liquid at room temperature. Fats remain solid at room temperature.Limit your intake of fatty foods, especially those high in saturated fat, such as hamburgers,deep-fried foods, bacon, and butter.Instead, choose foods that are high in polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats. These include fish, nuts, and vegetable oils.Oils can raise your blood sugar, but not as fast as starch. Oils are also high in calories. Try to use no more than the recommended daily limit of 7 teaspoons (35 milliliters)."

31. What activities should I include in my exercise plan?,"Warm up/cool down: The most important thing you can include in your physical activity regimen is a “warm up/cool down” routine for before and after your workout. The purpose of a warm up is to gradually prepare your heart, lungs and muscles for safe, effective and comfortable exercise. Warm up exercises include stretching or walking.Cool down exercises are important to lower your heart rate, body temperature and breathing rate to pre-exercise levels. A cool down exercise is one that reduces the intensity of your activity (for example, walking at the end of your jog); this gives the blood a chance to re-circulate throughout your body, and reduces your risk of fainting or dizziness. Read more about warm up and cool down exercises here.Resistance exercise is a very worthwhile activity for people with diabetes. Resistance exercises are ones that force your muscles to work repeatedly to overcome a resistance force. Weight lifting is one of the most common resistance exercises; others include push-ups and sit-ups. Thereason why resistance exercise is so important is that it builds muscle strength, as well as bonestrength and bone density. It has also been shown to help regulate your blood sugar levels, and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (the ‘good’ cholesterol)."

32. What types of exercise do I do every day?,"Warm up/cool down: The most important thing you can include in your physical activity regimen is a “warm up/cool down” routine for before and after your workout. The purpose of a warm up is to gradually prepare your heart, lungs and muscles for safe, effective and comfortable exercise. Warm up exercises include stretching or walking.Cool down exercises are important to lower your heart rate, body temperature and breathing rate to pre-exercise levels. A cool down exercise is one that reduces the intensity of your activity (for example, walking at the end of your jog); this gives the blood a chance to re-circulate throughout your body, and reduces your risk of fainting or dizziness. Read more about warm up and cool down exercises here.Resistance exercise is a very worthwhile activity for people with diabetes. Resistance exercises are ones that force your muscles to work repeatedly to overcome a resistance force. Weight lifting is one of the most common resistance exercises; others include push-ups and sit-ups. Thereason why resistance exercise is so important is that it builds muscle strength, as well as bonestrength and bone density. It has also been shown to help regulate your blood sugar levels, and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (the ‘good’ cholesterol)."

33. How well do you think will this exercise program work for me?,"Warm up/cool down: The most important thing you can include in your physical activity regimen is a “warm up/cool down” routine for before and after your workout. The purpose of a warm up is to gradually prepare your heart, lungs and muscles for safe, effective and comfortable exercise. Warm up exercises include stretching or walking.Cool down exercises are important to lower your heart rate, body temperature and breathing rate to pre-exercise levels. A cool down exercise is one that reduces the intensity of your activity (for example, walking at the end of your jog); this gives the blood a chance to re-circulate throughout your body, and reduces your risk of fainting or dizziness. Read more about warm up and cool down exercises here.Resistance exercise is a very worthwhile activity for people with diabetes. Resistance exercises are ones that force your muscles to work repeatedly to overcome a resistance force. Weight lifting is one of the most common resistance exercises; others include push-ups and sit-ups. Thereason why resistance exercise is so important is that it builds muscle strength, as well as bonestrength and bone density. It has also been shown to help regulate your blood sugar levels, and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (the ‘good’ cholesterol)."

34. How much exercises should I do every week?,"Warm up/cool down: The most important thing you can include in your physical activity regimen is a “warm up/cool down” routine for before and after your workout. The purpose of a warm up is to gradually prepare your heart, lungs and muscles for safe, effective and comfortable exercise. Warm up exercises include stretching or walking.Cool down exercises are important to lower your heart rate, body temperature and breathing rate to pre-exercise levels. A cool down exercise is one that reduces the intensity of your activity (for example, walking at the end of your jog); this gives the blood a chance to re-circulate throughout your body, and reduces your risk of fainting or dizziness. Read more about warm up and cool down exercises here.Resistance exercise is a very worthwhile activity for people with diabetes. Resistance exercises are ones that force your muscles to work repeatedly to overcome a resistance force. Weight lifting is one of the most common resistance exercises; others include push-ups and sit-ups. Thereason why resistance exercise is so important is that it builds muscle strength, as well as bonestrength and bone density. It has also been shown to help regulate your blood sugar levels, and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (the ‘good’ cholesterol)."

35. Can you provide with me a sample exercise program?,"MonAerobic exercise: 10-30 minutes. Some example activities include stationary bike, a walking workout, swimming, or elliptical workout.TueResistance training: total body strength and core training.WedRest Day, or gentle stretching, flexibility training, or walking.ThuAerobic  exercise:  10-30  minutes.  You  can  do  the  same  exercise  you  did  on Monday, or a new one!FriResistance training: total body strength and core training. Try to repeat the same exercises you did on Tuesday so you can practice the exercises, and build strength and endurance to do more.SatAerobic  exercise:  try  something  less  structured  and  more  leisurely  for  10-30 minutes, like a walk or bike ride.SunRest day; address any exercises challenges or accomplishments from the week."

36. What kind of equipment and supplies do I have to self-check my blood sugar with?,Knowing your blood sugar levels helps you manage your diabetes and reduces your risk of having serious complications – now and in the future.

37. How often should I check my blood sugar?,Knowing your blood sugar levels helps you manage your diabetes and reduces your risk of having serious complications – now and in the future.

38. Should I keep a blood sugar log book?,Knowing your blood sugar levels helps you manage your diabetes and reduces your risk of having serious complications – now and in the future.

39. Should I bring my log book to my doctor visits?,Knowing your blood sugar levels helps you manage your diabetes and reduces your risk of having serious complications – now and in the future.

40. Why should I keep a check on my blood sugar levels?,Knowing your blood sugar levels helps you manage your diabetes and reduces your risk of having serious complications – now and in the future.

What are blood sugar levels?,"Your blood sugar levels, also known as blood glucose levels, are a measurement that show howmuch glucose you have in your blood. Glucose is a sugar that you get from food and drink. Your blood sugar levels go up and down throughout the day and for people living with diabetes these changes are larger and happen more often than in people who don't have diabetes."

Can I check my own blood sugar?,"You can do blood sugar level check by doing a finger-prick test, or by using an electronic blood sugar monitor called a flash glucose monitor or CGM. You can do this several times a day – helping you keep an eye on your levels as you go about your life and help you work out what to eat and how much medication to take.Not everyone with diabetes needs to check their levels like this. You’ll need to if you take certain diabetes medication. Always talk to your healthcare team if you’re not sure whether that’s you – they’ll give you advice on whether to check them yourself and how often.And there’s also something called an HbA1c, which is a blood test to measure your average blood sugar level over the last three months. Everyone with diabetes is entitled to this check.High blood sugar levels increase your risk of developing serious complications. However, you manage your diabetes, stay in the know about your blood sugar levels.To understand the methods of checking your blood sugar levels, Call now on 0800-66766 and talk to our certified healthcare practitioner for free."

Why to test blood sugar levels?,"If you take certain medication, like insulin or sulphonylureas, checking your blood sugars is a vital part of living with diabetes. It can help you work  out when you need to take more medication, when you need to eat something or for when you want to get up and move around more.Routine checks can help you know when you might be starting to go too low (called a hypo) or too high (called a hyper). It’s a way of getting to know your body and how it works. It can help you and your healthcare team spot patterns too.To understand the methods of checking your blood sugar levels, Call now on 0800-66766 and talk to our certified healthcare practitioner for free.You should write your test results down in a log book. You might find that helpful. Your healthcare provider will then easily track your sugar levels and suggest management that will help you lead a healthy lifestyle.But importantly, it will help you stay healthy and prevent serious diabetes complications now and in the future. By complications, we mean serious problems in places like your feet and your eyes. This happens because too much sugar in the blood damages your blood vessels, making itharder for blood to flow around your body. This can lead to very serious problems like sight lossand needing an amputation."

How to check blood sugar levels,"Finger-pricking: This is how you find out what your blood sugar level is at that moment in time.Your healthcare team will show you how to do the test and it’s important that you’re taught how to do it properly – otherwise you could get the wrong results.For some people, finger-prick testing isn’t a problem and it quickly becomes part of their normal routine. For others, it can be a stressful experience, and that’s totally understandable. Knowing all the facts and speaking to other people can help – contact our helpline or chat to others with diabetes on our online forum. They’ve been through it too and will understand your worries.To understand the methods of checking your blood sugar levels, Call now on 0800-66766 and talk to our certified healthcare practitioner for free.We have more information for you if your child has diabetes and you’re checking their blood sugar levels for them. Call us now on 0800-66766 and get free consultation on how to manage your diabetes."

Things required for testing blood sugar levels?,"You’ll need these things to do the test:?    a blood testing meter?    a finger prick device?    some test strips?    a lancet (a very short, fine needle)?    a sharps bin, so you can throw the needles away safely.If you’re missing one of these, speak to your healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766"

Blood testing meters,"New meters come on the market all the time, so it can be tricky choosing the right one. It’s best to ask your healthcare team for advice on a meter that’ll suit you.If you have sight problems, you may not be able to use some meters so your healthcare team can suggest alternatives.Some people can get meters on prescription. But if you choose to buy your own meter, you might not get a prescription for the test strips it uses. Chat to your healthcare team.For assistance call now on 0800-66766 and talk to our certified healthcare practitioner for free."

Test strips,Test strips usually come in batches of 50 and must work with the type of meter you’ve chosen.

Finger-prick devices and lancets,"Finger-prick devices pierce the skin with a needle so that a drop of blood can be taken for testing. The needle is called a lancet. You can adjust the device to change how far it goes into the skin. It’ll depend on the thickness of the skin.Lancets come in different sizes and thicknesses (or gauges). A higher-gauge lancet is thinner so is normally less painful, but it might not always give you enough blood. You can only use a lancet once or they get blunt and are painful to use.For assistance call now on 0800-66766 and talk to our certified healthcare practitioner for free."

How to do a finger-prick test?,"Your healthcare team will show you how to do it the first time, but these are the key steps:? Wash your hands with soap and warm water. Don’t use wet wipes as the glycerine in them can affect the test result. Make sure your hands are warm so it’s easier to get blood and won’t hurt as much.? Take a test strip and slot it into the meter to turn it on. Some meters will have tests strips built in.? Remove the cap from your finger prick device and put in a new lancet. Then put the cap back on and set the device by pulling or clicking the plunger.? Choose which finger to prick but avoid your thumb or index finger (finger next to your thumb). And don’t prick the middle, or too close to a nail. Place the device against the side of your finger and press the plunger. Use a different finger each time and a different area.? Take your meter with the test strip and hold it against the drop of blood. It’ll tell you if the test strip is filled, usually by beeping.? Before you look at your reading, check your finger. Use a tissue to stop bleeding, then use it to take out the lancet and throw it away in your sharps bin.?    By this time, your meter will probably show the result. Note it down.? You can use the same tissue to take out the test strip and throw that away too. Taking out the strip will usually turn the meter off.For assistance call now on 0800-66766 and talk to our certified healthcare practitioner for free."

What is an HbA1c test?,"As well as regularly testing your own blood sugars, at least once a year your healthcare teamwill ask you to come in for an HbA1c blood test. This checks your average blood sugar levels over the last three months and helps your diabetes team and you spot trends over time.This is one of your essential diabetes health checks and it’s really important you understand what your results mean. A high HbA1c means you have too much sugar in your blood. This means you’re more likely to develop diabetes complications, like serious problems with your eyes and feet. So it's really important to have this test regularly so that you can make changes and reduce your risk of getting complications.We’ve got more information about the HbA1c test and what your levels mean. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

Make a note of your readings,"It  may  sound  obvious, but  you  must  record  your readings.  Note them  down  in  a  diary,  a notebook or in your phone calendar. Some meters have software that lets you do this.You and your healthcare team can then look back over your results to see if you need to adjust your treatment."

What's the normal range for blood sugar levels?,"There is a healthy range that you should ideally be aiming for, but your individual target range for your blood sugar levels may be different.You’ll get different readings at different times of the day, depending on things like what you’ve eaten and how much you are moving around. Here’s a guide to help you get started on finding your target range:"

If you’re a child with type 1 diabetes,when you wake up and before meals: 4 to 7mmol/l after meals: 5 to 9mmol/l

If you’re an adult with type 1 diabetes,when you wake up and before meals: 5 to 7mmol/l before meals at other times of the day: 4 to 7mmol/l after meals: 5-9mmol/l at least 90 minutes after eatingA bedtime target should be agreed with you by your healthcare team too.

If you have type 2 diabetes,before meals: 4 to 7mmol/ltwo hours after meals: less than 8.5mmol/l

"Pregnant women with any form of diabetes, including gestational diabetes","Fasting: below 5.3mmol/lOne hour after meals: below 7.8mmol/lIf you’re not able to check until two hours – rather than one hour – after a meal, you should aim for below 6.4mmol/l."

What does mmol/l mean?,mmol/l  stands  for  millimoles  per  litre.  A  mole  is  a  scientific  unit  often  used  to  measure chemicals.We’ve also got more information about what to do if you are not able to understand your blood sugar readings. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.

What happens when your blood sugar levels are too low?,"If your blood sugar levels are too low, usually below 4 mmol/l, you may experience a hypo. Hypos need to be treated immediately, otherwise your blood sugar levels will drop further. If this happens, you may experience a severe hypo and need emergency treatment.There are many different symptoms of a hypo, so it’s important that you are aware of the signs in case your blood sugar level gets too low.We’ve also got more information about what to do if you are having a hypo. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

What happens when your blood sugar levels are too high?,"If your blood sugar levels are slightly above your targets, there are usually no symptoms. But if your blood sugar levels become too high, you may experience some symptoms associated with a hyper.The blood sugar level at which symptoms begin to appear is different for everyone, but the common symptoms include passing more urine than normal, being very thirsty, having headaches and feeling tired and lethargic.It’s important that you know how to treat a hyper to avoid developing ketones in the blood.Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

41. How should I take my medicines?,"For patients who have proven unsuccessful in making lifestyle changes, such as nutrition and exercise, medication may be used in conjunction with diet and exercise. If prescribed, medication adherence is important for successful outcomes in diabetes. For each medication, patients should be informed of the dosage, timing and frequency of administration, potential side effects, mechanism of action, and storage instructions.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.Have you missed your dose? Don’t worry, we have you covered. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.You aren’t feeling right after taking your medications: don’t worry we have you covered. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

42. Can you tell me what my medications are for and how they will help me?,"For patients who have proven unsuccessful in making lifestyle changes, such as nutrition and exercise, medication may be used in conjunction with diet and exercise. If prescribed, medication adherence is important for successful outcomes in diabetes. For each medication, patients should be informed of the dosage, timing and frequency of administration, potential side effects, mechanism of action, and storage instructions.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.Have you missed your dose? Don’t worry, we have you covered. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.You aren’t feeling right after taking your medications: don’t worry we have you covered. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

43. What happens when I miss my medication dose?,"For patients who have proven unsuccessful in making lifestyle changes, such as nutrition and exercise, medication may be used in conjunction with diet and exercise. If prescribed, medication adherence is important for successful outcomes in diabetes. For each medication, patients should be informed of the dosage, timing and frequency of administration, potential side effects, mechanism of action, and storage instructions.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.Have you missed your dose? Don’t worry, we have you covered. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.You aren’t feeling right after taking your medications: don’t worry we have you covered. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

44. How do I store my medications?,"For patients who have proven unsuccessful in making lifestyle changes, such as nutrition and exercise, medication may be used in conjunction with diet and exercise. If prescribed, medication adherence is important for successful outcomes in diabetes. For each medication, patients should be informed of the dosage, timing and frequency of administration, potential side effects, mechanism of action, and storage instructions.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.Have you missed your dose? Don’t worry, we have you covered. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.You aren’t feeling right after taking your medications: don’t worry we have you covered. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

45. I don’t feel right after taking my medications? What should I do?,"For patients who have proven unsuccessful in making lifestyle changes, such as nutrition and exercise, medication may be used in conjunction with diet and exercise. If prescribed, medication adherence is important for successful outcomes in diabetes. For each medication, patients should be informed of the dosage, timing and frequency of administration, potential side effects, mechanism of action, and storage instructions.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.Have you missed your dose? Don’t worry, we have you covered. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766.You aren’t feeling right after taking your medications: don’t worry we have you covered. Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

46. What are the symptoms when my blood sugars are low?,"Emergencies can happen, and it is important to problem solve and make adjustments. One example is when a patient suffers a hypoglycemic event. The signs and symptoms, the patient, and caregivers should be aware of includes:?    Dizziness or shakiness?    Nervousness?    Rapid heartbeat?    Trouble concentrating?    Headache?    Irritability, moodiness, or anger?    Sweating?    Tingling in the face or lips?    Extreme hungerIf you experience these symptoms, you should take immediate steps if your blood sugar is toolow (plasma glucose <70 mg/dL). Recommended instructions include:• Eat 15-20 grams of glucose (sugar) or simple carbohydrates (for example, 2 tablespoons of raisinsor 1 tablespoon of honey) and check your blood sugar again after 15 minutes.• If your blood sugar is still low, repeat this step.• Once your blood sugar returns to normal, eat a small snack if your next planned meal or snack is more than an hour or two away.If a hypoglycemic event occurs multiple times, you should consult a physician for evaluation.To help you find a healthcare provider near you, Call now at 0800-66766 for free and we will book you an appointment with our certified healthcare professional."

"47. My blood sugar levels are mostly on the lower side, what should I do?","Emergencies can happen, and it is important to problem solve and make adjustments. One example is when a patient suffers a hypoglycemic event. The signs and symptoms, the patient, and caregivers should be aware of includes:?    Dizziness or shakiness?    Nervousness?    Rapid heartbeat?    Trouble concentrating?    Headache?    Irritability, moodiness, or anger?    Sweating?    Tingling in the face or lips?    Extreme hungerIf you experience these symptoms, you should take immediate steps if your blood sugar is toolow (plasma glucose <70 mg/dL). Recommended instructions include:• Eat 15-20 grams of glucose (sugar) or simple carbohydrates (for example, 2 tablespoons of raisinsor 1 tablespoon of honey) and check your blood sugar again after 15 minutes.• If your blood sugar is still low, repeat this step.• Once your blood sugar returns to normal, eat a small snack if your next planned meal or snack is more than an hour or two away.If a hypoglycemic event occurs multiple times, you should consult a physician for evaluation.To help you find a healthcare provider near you, Call now at 0800-66766 for free and we will book you an appointment with our certified healthcare professional."

48. What should I do if my blood sugar level decreases?,"Emergencies can happen, and it is important to problem solve and make adjustments. One example is when a patient suffers a hypoglycemic event. The signs and symptoms, the patient, and caregivers should be aware of includes:?    Dizziness or shakiness?    Nervousness?    Rapid heartbeat?    Trouble concentrating?    Headache?    Irritability, moodiness, or anger?    Sweating?    Tingling in the face or lips?    Extreme hungerIf you experience these symptoms, you should take immediate steps if your blood sugar is toolow (plasma glucose <70 mg/dL). Recommended instructions include:• Eat 15-20 grams of glucose (sugar) or simple carbohydrates (for example, 2 tablespoons of raisinsor 1 tablespoon of honey) and check your blood sugar again after 15 minutes.• If your blood sugar is still low, repeat this step.• Once your blood sugar returns to normal, eat a small snack if your next planned meal or snack is more than an hour or two away.If a hypoglycemic event occurs multiple times, you should consult a physician for evaluation.To help you find a healthcare provider near you, Call now at 0800-66766 for free and we will book you an appointment with our certified healthcare professional."

49. What are the different types of diabetes?,"Type 1 diabetesType 1 diabetes accounts for about 5% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. Type 1 is usually diagnosed in children and young adults, although it can occur at any time. People with type 1 diabetes must use insulin from an injection or a pump to manage their diabetes.Type 2 diabetesType 2 diabetes accounts for about 95% of all cases diagnosed in adults. Several studies have shown that healthy eating, regular physical activity, and weight loss used with medication if prescribed, can help control complications from type 2 diabetes or can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes.Gestational diabetesGestational diabetes is diagnosed in 2 to 10% of pregnant women. Gestational diabetes can cause health problems during pregnancy for both the child and mother. Children whose mothers had gestational diabetes have an  increased risk of developing obesity and type 2 diabetes. Although gestational diabetes often goes away after pregnancy, about half  of all women who have gestational diabetes get type 2 diabetes later in life."

50. How is diabetes diagnosed?,"A urine analysis may show high blood sugar. But a urine test alone does not diagnose diabetes. Your health care provider may suspect that you have diabetes if your blood sugar level is higher than 200 mg/dL. To confirm the diagnosis, one or more of the following tests must be done.Blood testsFasting blood glucose test, hemoglobin A1c test, and oral glucose tolerance test are blood test that can be done to diagnose diabetes.ScreeningScreening for type 2 diabetes in people who have no symptoms is recommended for: overweight children who have other risk factors for diabetes (starting at age 10), overweight adults (BMI greater than 25) who have other risk factors, and adults over age 45."

51. What type of tests should I get done to know if I am diabetic? Urine analysis,"A urine analysis may show high blood sugar. But a urine test alone does not diagnose diabetes. Your health care provider may suspect that you have diabetes if your blood sugar level is higher than 200 mg/dL. To confirm the diagnosis, one or more of the following tests must be done.Blood testsFasting blood glucose test, hemoglobin A1c test, and oral glucose tolerance test are blood test that can be done to diagnose diabetes.ScreeningScreening for type 2 diabetes in people who have no symptoms is recommended for: overweight children who have other risk factors for diabetes (starting at age 10), overweight adults (BMI greater than 25) who have other risk factors, and adults over age 45."

52. What risk factors increase the likelihood of diabetes?,"?    Having a parent, brother, or sister with diabetes?    Having a prior history of gestational diabetes or birth of at least one baby weighing more than 9 pounds?    Having high blood pressure measuring 140/90 or higher?    Having abnormal cholesterol with HDL (""good"") cholesterol is 35 or lower, or triglyceride level is 250 or higher?    Being physically inactive—exercising fewer than three times a week"

53. What chances are there that I can be a diabetic? Being overweight or obese,"?    Having a parent, brother, or sister with diabetes?    Having a prior history of gestational diabetes or birth of at least one baby weighing more than 9 pounds?    Having high blood pressure measuring 140/90 or higher?    Having abnormal cholesterol with HDL (""good"") cholesterol is 35 or lower, or triglyceride level is 250 or higher?    Being physically inactive—exercising fewer than three times a week"

54. What can be done to reduce the risks of diabetes?,"Research has shown that the following lifestyle modifications can prevent, or at least delay the onset of type 2 diabetes among people at risk of diabetes:?    Eating fewer high fat and high calorie foods?    Losing at least 5%-7% of body weight (if overweight)?    Being physically active for 150 minutes every week Reference:"

55. What should my blood sugar be?,A: The American Diabetes Association recommends a blood glucose range of 80-130 before meals and less than 180 about 2 hours after a meal. This range should place your A1c under 7.

56. What is the ideal blood sugar levels?,A: The American Diabetes Association recommends a blood glucose range of 80-130 before meals and less than 180 about 2 hours after a meal. This range should place your A1c under 7.

57. What is an A1c?,A: A Hemoglobin A1c is a 2-3 month average of your blood sugars. This result gives you a good idea of how well your diabetes is being managed/controlled. The American Diabetes Association recommends an A1c of less than 7 to keep the risk of complications low.

58. : What can I eat if I have diabetes?,"A: You can eat just about anything you want. It is about knowing proper portion sizes and how much you are putting on your plate. A dietitian can help you learn to count carbohydrates and with meal planning that is specific for you.To get to know more information , Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

59. Why does it matter if my blood sugar is 120 or 200?,"A: It is very important to keep your blood sugar level under control. When your blood sugar level is high, it can cause damage in your veins and arteries. This damage could lead to complications later such as heart attacks, strokes, kidney disease, neuropathies, vision problems, etc."

60. What foods have carbohydrates?,"A: Fruits, starchy vegetables, milk, yogurt, rice, cereals, bread and other grains all have carbs and give you important nutrients. Many snack foods, such as pretzels, chips and popcorn, have carbs. Sweets, including regular soda, cakes, candy and cookies, also contain carbohydrates. Be sure to check the nutrition label on each food item to determine carbohydrate content."

61. Do I need to follow a low carb diet?,"A: Carbohydrates are an important part of a healthy diet. With diabetes, watching portion sizes and getting most of your carbs from fruits, vegetables, whole grains and low fat milk and yogurt is key. Besides counting carbs, people with diabetes can also benefit from eating lower fat, high fiber foods and just enough calories to maintain a healthy weight.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

"62. If it is sugar free, I can eat as much as I want, right?","A: Sugar free foods can be part of a healthy meal plan in small amounts. Keep in mind though that some of these foods still have carbs (in the form of other sweeteners such as sorbitol, isomalt, and mannitol) and may affect your blood glucose levels. Many sugar free foods have calories and carbohydrates and lots of fat. Make sure you read the nutrition labels."

"63. How does Type 2 Diabetes change my risk for other diseases, including cardiovascular disease?","People with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop heart disease or have a stroke comparedwith those who don’t have diabetes—and at a younger age.Diabetes is among the strongest risk factors for heart and vascular disease. It’s right up there with smoking and having high blood pressure or high cholesterol.Having diabetes means you have too much sugar (also called glucose) in your blood. It can affect the way your heart works, and harm blood vessels. For example, the lining of the blood vessels may become thicker, which can impair blood flow. Many people have poor blood flow in their legs and feet, which can lead to numbness and weakness. Diabetes can damage other organs as well, including the kidneys.Diabetes and heart disease share many of the same risk factors, such as having high cholesterol, being overweight, not exercising and smoking.If you have diabetes, it doesn’t mean heart disease is bound to happen. In many cases, there are steps you can take to keep your diabetes in check and stay ahead of heart disease. But it’s not always easy. If you have or develop heart disease, then you will have to manage several conditions, which can seem daunting.Things you can change to be healthier—your weight, food choices and level of physical activity—are called “modifiable risk factors.” Understanding these factors and working to improve them can help you feel more in control of your health. Here are few tips:?    Set clear goals for controlling your diabetes and keeping tabs on your health.Work with your health care team to decide 1) what lifestyle changes you can reasonably make,2) if medicine or insulin is needed, 3) what your ideal level of blood sugar (also called blood glucose) should be, and 4) how to keep your cholesterol and blood pressure within a healthy range.?    Be sure all of your health care providers are on the same page.If you have diabetes, you probably see a number of specialists, including an endocrinologist, eyeand foot doctors, in addition to your primary care provider. Most people living with diabetes have other health problems that need to be managed as well.?    Check your blood sugar level regularly, based on your provider’s advice.The higher your blood sugar level, the higher your risk of heart disease. You and your health care provider should decide on your target A1C level; it may depend on your health conditions and age.?    Lose weight if neededShedding 10 to 20 pounds can make a big difference when it comes to lowering your blood sugar, cholesterol and/or blood pressure. Plus, as you lose weight, you likely will feel better and more able to stay active and make healthy food choices. Take the time to talk with your health care provider about what weight loss plan might help you safely lose weight and keep it off.?    Get MovingOur bodies are meant to move. Regular exercise can prevent diabetes and help control it. When you exercise, your blood glucose level goes down because your muscles use glucose.The trick is to find things to do you enjoy and make them a habit. Sometimes, adding a social element can help keep it fun. Try signing up for a dance or swim class, or joining a running club or an online group that helps you check in and be accountable.Getting 30 minutes of exercise at least five days a week often is advised. Talk with your health care provider about how to safely exercise more, especially before starting a new routine. Start slowly and commit to a certain number of days a week. If you can’t find 30-minute blocks of time, try to exercise for 10 minutes a few times a day. Remember, activities like cleaning the house and gardening also count. Exercise can lower blood sugar, and in some people, it can drop a lot, so keep your monitor and a snack available while exercising.?    Make healthy food choicesA healthy diet, such as a plant-based or Mediterranean-style diet, can help control diabetes. It can also improve other heart disease risk factors such as obesity, cholesterol and blood pressure. Focus on eating nutritious foods that are low in fat and high in fiber, and aim to fill your plate with a colorful assortment of fruits and vegetables.?    Kick the habit.If you smoke, quit. Diabetes and smoking can cause your blood vessels to tighten. If you need help, ask about local smoking cessation programs and other support services. While you’re at it, try to limit alcohol, too. Alcohol is a hidden source of sugar, and drinking too much can make other conditions worse or more likely.?    Take all your medicine as prescribed.Use reminders or a pillbox if needed. Tell your health care team if you have trouble taking your medicine (for example, remembering to take doses, side effects, concerns about cost). Make sure you understand why you are taking each medicine, how it works and what to do if you miss a dose.?    Be your own championIt can be hard to learn that you have diabetes, but it’s important to advocate for yourself and commit to lifestyle changes. You also need to take charge of your health. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to eye and kidney issues. It also affects blood flow and sensations in your feet and legs, making you more prone to having sores that don’t heal and could become infected. If you have leg pain or numbness, tell your health care provider. You will need annual eye and foot exams, as well as routine blood work and other tests. Add reminders to your calendar so you don’t miss these health visits.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

64. What changes can I make to prevent heart problems or stroke?,"People with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop heart disease or have a stroke comparedwith those who don’t have diabetes—and at a younger age.Diabetes is among the strongest risk factors for heart and vascular disease. It’s right up there with smoking and having high blood pressure or high cholesterol.Having diabetes means you have too much sugar (also called glucose) in your blood. It can affect the way your heart works, and harm blood vessels. For example, the lining of the blood vessels may become thicker, which can impair blood flow. Many people have poor blood flow in their legs and feet, which can lead to numbness and weakness. Diabetes can damage other organs as well, including the kidneys.Diabetes and heart disease share many of the same risk factors, such as having high cholesterol, being overweight, not exercising and smoking.If you have diabetes, it doesn’t mean heart disease is bound to happen. In many cases, there are steps you can take to keep your diabetes in check and stay ahead of heart disease. But it’s not always easy. If you have or develop heart disease, then you will have to manage several conditions, which can seem daunting.Things you can change to be healthier—your weight, food choices and level of physical activity—are called “modifiable risk factors.” Understanding these factors and working to improve them can help you feel more in control of your health. Here are few tips:?    Set clear goals for controlling your diabetes and keeping tabs on your health.Work with your health care team to decide 1) what lifestyle changes you can reasonably make,2) if medicine or insulin is needed, 3) what your ideal level of blood sugar (also called blood glucose) should be, and 4) how to keep your cholesterol and blood pressure within a healthy range.?    Be sure all of your health care providers are on the same page.If you have diabetes, you probably see a number of specialists, including an endocrinologist, eyeand foot doctors, in addition to your primary care provider. Most people living with diabetes have other health problems that need to be managed as well.?    Check your blood sugar level regularly, based on your provider’s advice.The higher your blood sugar level, the higher your risk of heart disease. You and your health care provider should decide on your target A1C level; it may depend on your health conditions and age.?    Lose weight if neededShedding 10 to 20 pounds can make a big difference when it comes to lowering your blood sugar, cholesterol and/or blood pressure. Plus, as you lose weight, you likely will feel better and more able to stay active and make healthy food choices. Take the time to talk with your health care provider about what weight loss plan might help you safely lose weight and keep it off.?    Get MovingOur bodies are meant to move. Regular exercise can prevent diabetes and help control it. When you exercise, your blood glucose level goes down because your muscles use glucose.The trick is to find things to do you enjoy and make them a habit. Sometimes, adding a social element can help keep it fun. Try signing up for a dance or swim class, or joining a running club or an online group that helps you check in and be accountable.Getting 30 minutes of exercise at least five days a week often is advised. Talk with your health care provider about how to safely exercise more, especially before starting a new routine. Start slowly and commit to a certain number of days a week. If you can’t find 30-minute blocks of time, try to exercise for 10 minutes a few times a day. Remember, activities like cleaning the house and gardening also count. Exercise can lower blood sugar, and in some people, it can drop a lot, so keep your monitor and a snack available while exercising.?    Make healthy food choicesA healthy diet, such as a plant-based or Mediterranean-style diet, can help control diabetes. It can also improve other heart disease risk factors such as obesity, cholesterol and blood pressure. Focus on eating nutritious foods that are low in fat and high in fiber, and aim to fill your plate with a colorful assortment of fruits and vegetables.?    Kick the habit.If you smoke, quit. Diabetes and smoking can cause your blood vessels to tighten. If you need help, ask about local smoking cessation programs and other support services. While you’re at it, try to limit alcohol, too. Alcohol is a hidden source of sugar, and drinking too much can make other conditions worse or more likely.?    Take all your medicine as prescribed.Use reminders or a pillbox if needed. Tell your health care team if you have trouble taking your medicine (for example, remembering to take doses, side effects, concerns about cost). Make sure you understand why you are taking each medicine, how it works and what to do if you miss a dose.?    Be your own championIt can be hard to learn that you have diabetes, but it’s important to advocate for yourself and commit to lifestyle changes. You also need to take charge of your health. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to eye and kidney issues. It also affects blood flow and sensations in your feet and legs, making you more prone to having sores that don’t heal and could become infected. If you have leg pain or numbness, tell your health care provider. You will need annual eye and foot exams, as well as routine blood work and other tests. Add reminders to your calendar so you don’t miss these health visits.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

"65. In addition to my blood pressure and cholesterol levels, what should I watch for?","People with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop heart disease or have a stroke comparedwith those who don’t have diabetes—and at a younger age.Diabetes is among the strongest risk factors for heart and vascular disease. It’s right up there with smoking and having high blood pressure or high cholesterol.Having diabetes means you have too much sugar (also called glucose) in your blood. It can affect the way your heart works, and harm blood vessels. For example, the lining of the blood vessels may become thicker, which can impair blood flow. Many people have poor blood flow in their legs and feet, which can lead to numbness and weakness. Diabetes can damage other organs as well, including the kidneys.Diabetes and heart disease share many of the same risk factors, such as having high cholesterol, being overweight, not exercising and smoking.If you have diabetes, it doesn’t mean heart disease is bound to happen. In many cases, there are steps you can take to keep your diabetes in check and stay ahead of heart disease. But it’s not always easy. If you have or develop heart disease, then you will have to manage several conditions, which can seem daunting.Things you can change to be healthier—your weight, food choices and level of physical activity—are called “modifiable risk factors.” Understanding these factors and working to improve them can help you feel more in control of your health. Here are few tips:?    Set clear goals for controlling your diabetes and keeping tabs on your health.Work with your health care team to decide 1) what lifestyle changes you can reasonably make,2) if medicine or insulin is needed, 3) what your ideal level of blood sugar (also called blood glucose) should be, and 4) how to keep your cholesterol and blood pressure within a healthy range.?    Be sure all of your health care providers are on the same page.If you have diabetes, you probably see a number of specialists, including an endocrinologist, eyeand foot doctors, in addition to your primary care provider. Most people living with diabetes have other health problems that need to be managed as well.?    Check your blood sugar level regularly, based on your provider’s advice.The higher your blood sugar level, the higher your risk of heart disease. You and your health care provider should decide on your target A1C level; it may depend on your health conditions and age.?    Lose weight if neededShedding 10 to 20 pounds can make a big difference when it comes to lowering your blood sugar, cholesterol and/or blood pressure. Plus, as you lose weight, you likely will feel better and more able to stay active and make healthy food choices. Take the time to talk with your health care provider about what weight loss plan might help you safely lose weight and keep it off.?    Get MovingOur bodies are meant to move. Regular exercise can prevent diabetes and help control it. When you exercise, your blood glucose level goes down because your muscles use glucose.The trick is to find things to do you enjoy and make them a habit. Sometimes, adding a social element can help keep it fun. Try signing up for a dance or swim class, or joining a running club or an online group that helps you check in and be accountable.Getting 30 minutes of exercise at least five days a week often is advised. Talk with your health care provider about how to safely exercise more, especially before starting a new routine. Start slowly and commit to a certain number of days a week. If you can’t find 30-minute blocks of time, try to exercise for 10 minutes a few times a day. Remember, activities like cleaning the house and gardening also count. Exercise can lower blood sugar, and in some people, it can drop a lot, so keep your monitor and a snack available while exercising.?    Make healthy food choicesA healthy diet, such as a plant-based or Mediterranean-style diet, can help control diabetes. It can also improve other heart disease risk factors such as obesity, cholesterol and blood pressure. Focus on eating nutritious foods that are low in fat and high in fiber, and aim to fill your plate with a colorful assortment of fruits and vegetables.?    Kick the habit.If you smoke, quit. Diabetes and smoking can cause your blood vessels to tighten. If you need help, ask about local smoking cessation programs and other support services. While you’re at it, try to limit alcohol, too. Alcohol is a hidden source of sugar, and drinking too much can make other conditions worse or more likely.?    Take all your medicine as prescribed.Use reminders or a pillbox if needed. Tell your health care team if you have trouble taking your medicine (for example, remembering to take doses, side effects, concerns about cost). Make sure you understand why you are taking each medicine, how it works and what to do if you miss a dose.?    Be your own championIt can be hard to learn that you have diabetes, but it’s important to advocate for yourself and commit to lifestyle changes. You also need to take charge of your health. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to eye and kidney issues. It also affects blood flow and sensations in your feet and legs, making you more prone to having sores that don’t heal and could become infected. If you have leg pain or numbness, tell your health care provider. You will need annual eye and foot exams, as well as routine blood work and other tests. Add reminders to your calendar so you don’t miss these health visits.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

66. Do I need to try to lose weight? How much?,"People with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop heart disease or have a stroke comparedwith those who don’t have diabetes—and at a younger age.Diabetes is among the strongest risk factors for heart and vascular disease. It’s right up there with smoking and having high blood pressure or high cholesterol.Having diabetes means you have too much sugar (also called glucose) in your blood. It can affect the way your heart works, and harm blood vessels. For example, the lining of the blood vessels may become thicker, which can impair blood flow. Many people have poor blood flow in their legs and feet, which can lead to numbness and weakness. Diabetes can damage other organs as well, including the kidneys.Diabetes and heart disease share many of the same risk factors, such as having high cholesterol, being overweight, not exercising and smoking.If you have diabetes, it doesn’t mean heart disease is bound to happen. In many cases, there are steps you can take to keep your diabetes in check and stay ahead of heart disease. But it’s not always easy. If you have or develop heart disease, then you will have to manage several conditions, which can seem daunting.Things you can change to be healthier—your weight, food choices and level of physical activity—are called “modifiable risk factors.” Understanding these factors and working to improve them can help you feel more in control of your health. Here are few tips:?    Set clear goals for controlling your diabetes and keeping tabs on your health.Work with your health care team to decide 1) what lifestyle changes you can reasonably make,2) if medicine or insulin is needed, 3) what your ideal level of blood sugar (also called blood glucose) should be, and 4) how to keep your cholesterol and blood pressure within a healthy range.?    Be sure all of your health care providers are on the same page.If you have diabetes, you probably see a number of specialists, including an endocrinologist, eyeand foot doctors, in addition to your primary care provider. Most people living with diabetes have other health problems that need to be managed as well.?    Check your blood sugar level regularly, based on your provider’s advice.The higher your blood sugar level, the higher your risk of heart disease. You and your health care provider should decide on your target A1C level; it may depend on your health conditions and age.?    Lose weight if neededShedding 10 to 20 pounds can make a big difference when it comes to lowering your blood sugar, cholesterol and/or blood pressure. Plus, as you lose weight, you likely will feel better and more able to stay active and make healthy food choices. Take the time to talk with your health care provider about what weight loss plan might help you safely lose weight and keep it off.?    Get MovingOur bodies are meant to move. Regular exercise can prevent diabetes and help control it. When you exercise, your blood glucose level goes down because your muscles use glucose.The trick is to find things to do you enjoy and make them a habit. Sometimes, adding a social element can help keep it fun. Try signing up for a dance or swim class, or joining a running club or an online group that helps you check in and be accountable.Getting 30 minutes of exercise at least five days a week often is advised. Talk with your health care provider about how to safely exercise more, especially before starting a new routine. Start slowly and commit to a certain number of days a week. If you can’t find 30-minute blocks of time, try to exercise for 10 minutes a few times a day. Remember, activities like cleaning the house and gardening also count. Exercise can lower blood sugar, and in some people, it can drop a lot, so keep your monitor and a snack available while exercising.?    Make healthy food choicesA healthy diet, such as a plant-based or Mediterranean-style diet, can help control diabetes. It can also improve other heart disease risk factors such as obesity, cholesterol and blood pressure. Focus on eating nutritious foods that are low in fat and high in fiber, and aim to fill your plate with a colorful assortment of fruits and vegetables.?    Kick the habit.If you smoke, quit. Diabetes and smoking can cause your blood vessels to tighten. If you need help, ask about local smoking cessation programs and other support services. While you’re at it, try to limit alcohol, too. Alcohol is a hidden source of sugar, and drinking too much can make other conditions worse or more likely.?    Take all your medicine as prescribed.Use reminders or a pillbox if needed. Tell your health care team if you have trouble taking your medicine (for example, remembering to take doses, side effects, concerns about cost). Make sure you understand why you are taking each medicine, how it works and what to do if you miss a dose.?    Be your own championIt can be hard to learn that you have diabetes, but it’s important to advocate for yourself and commit to lifestyle changes. You also need to take charge of your health. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to eye and kidney issues. It also affects blood flow and sensations in your feet and legs, making you more prone to having sores that don’t heal and could become infected. If you have leg pain or numbness, tell your health care provider. You will need annual eye and foot exams, as well as routine blood work and other tests. Add reminders to your calendar so you don’t miss these health visits.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

67. Could medications help protect my heart?,"People with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop heart disease or have a stroke comparedwith those who don’t have diabetes—and at a younger age.Diabetes is among the strongest risk factors for heart and vascular disease. It’s right up there with smoking and having high blood pressure or high cholesterol.Having diabetes means you have too much sugar (also called glucose) in your blood. It can affect the way your heart works, and harm blood vessels. For example, the lining of the blood vessels may become thicker, which can impair blood flow. Many people have poor blood flow in their legs and feet, which can lead to numbness and weakness. Diabetes can damage other organs as well, including the kidneys.Diabetes and heart disease share many of the same risk factors, such as having high cholesterol, being overweight, not exercising and smoking.If you have diabetes, it doesn’t mean heart disease is bound to happen. In many cases, there are steps you can take to keep your diabetes in check and stay ahead of heart disease. But it’s not always easy. If you have or develop heart disease, then you will have to manage several conditions, which can seem daunting.Things you can change to be healthier—your weight, food choices and level of physical activity—are called “modifiable risk factors.” Understanding these factors and working to improve them can help you feel more in control of your health. Here are few tips:?    Set clear goals for controlling your diabetes and keeping tabs on your health.Work with your health care team to decide 1) what lifestyle changes you can reasonably make,2) if medicine or insulin is needed, 3) what your ideal level of blood sugar (also called blood glucose) should be, and 4) how to keep your cholesterol and blood pressure within a healthy range.?    Be sure all of your health care providers are on the same page.If you have diabetes, you probably see a number of specialists, including an endocrinologist, eyeand foot doctors, in addition to your primary care provider. Most people living with diabetes have other health problems that need to be managed as well.?    Check your blood sugar level regularly, based on your provider’s advice.The higher your blood sugar level, the higher your risk of heart disease. You and your health care provider should decide on your target A1C level; it may depend on your health conditions and age.?    Lose weight if neededShedding 10 to 20 pounds can make a big difference when it comes to lowering your blood sugar, cholesterol and/or blood pressure. Plus, as you lose weight, you likely will feel better and more able to stay active and make healthy food choices. Take the time to talk with your health care provider about what weight loss plan might help you safely lose weight and keep it off.?    Get MovingOur bodies are meant to move. Regular exercise can prevent diabetes and help control it. When you exercise, your blood glucose level goes down because your muscles use glucose.The trick is to find things to do you enjoy and make them a habit. Sometimes, adding a social element can help keep it fun. Try signing up for a dance or swim class, or joining a running club or an online group that helps you check in and be accountable.Getting 30 minutes of exercise at least five days a week often is advised. Talk with your health care provider about how to safely exercise more, especially before starting a new routine. Start slowly and commit to a certain number of days a week. If you can’t find 30-minute blocks of time, try to exercise for 10 minutes a few times a day. Remember, activities like cleaning the house and gardening also count. Exercise can lower blood sugar, and in some people, it can drop a lot, so keep your monitor and a snack available while exercising.?    Make healthy food choicesA healthy diet, such as a plant-based or Mediterranean-style diet, can help control diabetes. It can also improve other heart disease risk factors such as obesity, cholesterol and blood pressure. Focus on eating nutritious foods that are low in fat and high in fiber, and aim to fill your plate with a colorful assortment of fruits and vegetables.?    Kick the habit.If you smoke, quit. Diabetes and smoking can cause your blood vessels to tighten. If you need help, ask about local smoking cessation programs and other support services. While you’re at it, try to limit alcohol, too. Alcohol is a hidden source of sugar, and drinking too much can make other conditions worse or more likely.?    Take all your medicine as prescribed.Use reminders or a pillbox if needed. Tell your health care team if you have trouble taking your medicine (for example, remembering to take doses, side effects, concerns about cost). Make sure you understand why you are taking each medicine, how it works and what to do if you miss a dose.?    Be your own championIt can be hard to learn that you have diabetes, but it’s important to advocate for yourself and commit to lifestyle changes. You also need to take charge of your health. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to eye and kidney issues. It also affects blood flow and sensations in your feet and legs, making you more prone to having sores that don’t heal and could become infected. If you have leg pain or numbness, tell your health care provider. You will need annual eye and foot exams, as well as routine blood work and other tests. Add reminders to your calendar so you don’t miss these health visits.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

68. How often should my heart health be checked? What tests would you recommend?,"People with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop heart disease or have a stroke comparedwith those who don’t have diabetes—and at a younger age.Diabetes is among the strongest risk factors for heart and vascular disease. It’s right up there with smoking and having high blood pressure or high cholesterol.Having diabetes means you have too much sugar (also called glucose) in your blood. It can affect the way your heart works, and harm blood vessels. For example, the lining of the blood vessels may become thicker, which can impair blood flow. Many people have poor blood flow in their legs and feet, which can lead to numbness and weakness. Diabetes can damage other organs as well, including the kidneys.Diabetes and heart disease share many of the same risk factors, such as having high cholesterol, being overweight, not exercising and smoking.If you have diabetes, it doesn’t mean heart disease is bound to happen. In many cases, there are steps you can take to keep your diabetes in check and stay ahead of heart disease. But it’s not always easy. If you have or develop heart disease, then you will have to manage several conditions, which can seem daunting.Things you can change to be healthier—your weight, food choices and level of physical activity—are called “modifiable risk factors.” Understanding these factors and working to improve them can help you feel more in control of your health. Here are few tips:?    Set clear goals for controlling your diabetes and keeping tabs on your health.Work with your health care team to decide 1) what lifestyle changes you can reasonably make,2) if medicine or insulin is needed, 3) what your ideal level of blood sugar (also called blood glucose) should be, and 4) how to keep your cholesterol and blood pressure within a healthy range.?    Be sure all of your health care providers are on the same page.If you have diabetes, you probably see a number of specialists, including an endocrinologist, eyeand foot doctors, in addition to your primary care provider. Most people living with diabetes have other health problems that need to be managed as well.?    Check your blood sugar level regularly, based on your provider’s advice.The higher your blood sugar level, the higher your risk of heart disease. You and your health care provider should decide on your target A1C level; it may depend on your health conditions and age.?    Lose weight if neededShedding 10 to 20 pounds can make a big difference when it comes to lowering your blood sugar, cholesterol and/or blood pressure. Plus, as you lose weight, you likely will feel better and more able to stay active and make healthy food choices. Take the time to talk with your health care provider about what weight loss plan might help you safely lose weight and keep it off.?    Get MovingOur bodies are meant to move. Regular exercise can prevent diabetes and help control it. When you exercise, your blood glucose level goes down because your muscles use glucose.The trick is to find things to do you enjoy and make them a habit. Sometimes, adding a social element can help keep it fun. Try signing up for a dance or swim class, or joining a running club or an online group that helps you check in and be accountable.Getting 30 minutes of exercise at least five days a week often is advised. Talk with your health care provider about how to safely exercise more, especially before starting a new routine. Start slowly and commit to a certain number of days a week. If you can’t find 30-minute blocks of time, try to exercise for 10 minutes a few times a day. Remember, activities like cleaning the house and gardening also count. Exercise can lower blood sugar, and in some people, it can drop a lot, so keep your monitor and a snack available while exercising.?    Make healthy food choicesA healthy diet, such as a plant-based or Mediterranean-style diet, can help control diabetes. It can also improve other heart disease risk factors such as obesity, cholesterol and blood pressure. Focus on eating nutritious foods that are low in fat and high in fiber, and aim to fill your plate with a colorful assortment of fruits and vegetables.?    Kick the habit.If you smoke, quit. Diabetes and smoking can cause your blood vessels to tighten. If you need help, ask about local smoking cessation programs and other support services. While you’re at it, try to limit alcohol, too. Alcohol is a hidden source of sugar, and drinking too much can make other conditions worse or more likely.?    Take all your medicine as prescribed.Use reminders or a pillbox if needed. Tell your health care team if you have trouble taking your medicine (for example, remembering to take doses, side effects, concerns about cost). Make sure you understand why you are taking each medicine, how it works and what to do if you miss a dose.?    Be your own championIt can be hard to learn that you have diabetes, but it’s important to advocate for yourself and commit to lifestyle changes. You also need to take charge of your health. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to eye and kidney issues. It also affects blood flow and sensations in your feet and legs, making you more prone to having sores that don’t heal and could become infected. If you have leg pain or numbness, tell your health care provider. You will need annual eye and foot exams, as well as routine blood work and other tests. Add reminders to your calendar so you don’t miss these health visits.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

69. Why does nutrition matter?,"What you eat affects the amount of glucose (sugar) in your blood. When you have diabetes, your body either doesn't make enough of the hormone (insulin) that helps keep blood sugar in check or can't use it as well as it should. Because of this, your body can wind up with too much glucose, which leads to health problems.One of the most common health problems people with diabetes face is heart disease. Adults with diabetes are nearly twice as likely to die from heart disease or stroke as people without diabetes. Today, managing diabetes is just as much about managing your risk of developing heart troubles—or preventing problems if you already have heart disease.Proper nutrition and healthy eating can help. Think of your food as a central part of your routine to keep your body running well, just like any medications you take. The pillars of diabetes care include:?    Eating a healthy diet?    Exercising regularly?    Watching your blood sugar levels?    Taking your medications (if needed) Your nutritionist can guide you better."

70. Will I benefit if I talk to a nutritionist?,"One of the most common health problems people with diabetes face is heart disease. Adults with diabetes are nearly twice as likely to die from heart disease or stroke as people without diabetes. Today, managing diabetes is just as much about managing your risk of developing heart troubles—or preventing problems if you already have heart disease.Proper nutrition and healthy eating can help. Think of your food as a central part of your routine to keep your body running well, just like any medications you take. The pillars of diabetes care include:?    Eating a healthy diet?    Exercising regularly?    Watching your blood sugar levels?    Taking your medications (if needed) Your nutritionist can guide you better.71. What happens when I overeat?"

71. What happens when I overeat?,"If you overeat or have too much fat or added sugar, then excess calories, fat and sugar maycause dangerous spikes in your blood sugar.Over time, complications may develop including heart disease, blindness, kidney failure and nerve problems."

72. Do I need to follow a special diet?,"Gone are the days of the one-size-fits-all, very restrictive ""diabetes diet,"" which focused on avoiding sugars altogether. Today, health care professionals recommend finding a healthy eating plan that fits your life.An eating plan helps to define the total calories you should consume and the amounts of different types of food—carbohydrates, protein, fats and so on—to include in your daily diet."

73. What kind of stress do people with diabetes face?,"A: People with diabetes face similar stressors as other people without diabetes, but due to their medical status they face additional challenges. Sources of stress can be both routine and nonroutine personal experiences as well as systemic issues of inequality, such as having to deal with racism within the healthcare system, inadequate health resources, or lack of access to basic food and shelter.People who have diabetes might also experience diabetes-related stress. This is a response to living with diabetes, which is a life-threatening illness that often requires chronic and intensive self-management and  awareness in regard to such things as medications and eating. Also, among people who have chronic illnesses such as diabetes, depression is more common, which is associated with poorer health outcomes."

74. I am a diabetic and I feel depressed. why?,"A: People with diabetes face similar stressors as other people without diabetes, but due to their medical status they face additional challenges. Sources of stress can be both routine and nonroutine personal experiences as well as systemic issues of inequality, such as having to deal with racism within the healthcare system, inadequate health resources, or lack of access to basic food and shelter.People who have diabetes might also experience diabetes-related stress. This is a response to living with diabetes, which is a life-threatening illness that often requires chronic and intensive self-management and  awareness in regard to such things as medications and eating. Also, among people who have chronic illnesses such as diabetes, depression is more common, which is associated with poorer health outcomes."

75. Can Diabetes cause depression?,"A: People with diabetes face similar stressors as other people without diabetes, but due to their medical status they face additional challenges. Sources of stress can be both routine and nonroutine personal experiences as well as systemic issues of inequality, such as having to deal with racism within the healthcare system, inadequate health resources, or lack of access to basic food and shelter.People who have diabetes might also experience diabetes-related stress. This is a response to living with diabetes, which is a life-threatening illness that often requires chronic and intensive self-management and  awareness in regard to such things as medications and eating. Also, among people who have chronic illnesses such as diabetes, depression is more common, which is associated with poorer health outcomes."

"A: People with diabetes face similar stressors as other people without diabetes, but due to their medical status they face additional challenges. Sources of stress can be both routine and nonroutine personal experiences as well as systemic issues of inequality, such as having to deal with racism within the healthcare system, inadequate health resources, or lack of access to basic food and shelter.",

76. What are the specific risks of stress for people who have diabetes?,"A: The type of stress can matter. If you look specifically at mental stressors, they can cause an increase in blood glucose levels for people with type 2 diabetes, but they can have a more variable response, either increasing or decreasing blood glucose levels, for people with type 1. Physical stress can increase blood sugar in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.The experience of stress might lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating or smoking,which we know can lead to an exacerbation of diabetes-related health problems, including high blood pressure, heart disease, and obesity. These conditions can make managing diabetes even harder."

"77. I am a diabetic, and I feel stressed out all the time. why ?","A: The type of stress can matter. If you look specifically at mental stressors, they can cause an increase in blood glucose levels for people with type 2 diabetes, but they can have a more variable response, either increasing or decreasing blood glucose levels, for people with type 1. Physical stress can increase blood sugar in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.The experience of stress might lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating or smoking,which we know can lead to an exacerbation of diabetes-related health problems, including high blood pressure, heart disease, and obesity. These conditions can make managing diabetes even harder."

78. How can health care professionals help diabetic patients manage stress?,"A: Health care professionals can discuss with patients the impact of stress on health and why it’s important to manage it. They can engage with the patient about stressors they  might be experiencing and help them figure out ways to manage the stress. It’s important that health care professionals normalize the experience, by letting their patients know that everyone experiences stress, so they don’t feel bad for experiencing it.Health care professionals can also screen for diabetes distress and depression—this is recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). If you notice that your patient is struggling with any type of mental health difficulties, refer him or her to mental support as well. The ADA provides evidence-based  guidelines External link for psychosocial assessment  and patient-centered psychosocial care."

79. What specific guidance for managing stress is offered to diabetic patients?,"A: It’s three-fold: having conversations with your patients, referring them to or giving them resources, and encouraging them to join support groups so that they can educate themselves and have a network of people whom they can lean on for support. Being part of a group will help normalize their experience and provide a sounding board for their concerns.It’s important also to encourage patients to do brief exercises—for example, meditation or a quick body scan where you focus on each part of your body from head to toe—and to keep a journal in which they track their stress levels. These stress-reduction practices can be helpful for the health care professional as well, and it’s a great investment to learn them yourself, because when you are doing these practices on your own, it’s easier to talk to your patients about them."

80. How essential is diabetes education and support along with medications?,"Research shows that diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) can improve A1C levels and have a positive effect on other clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral aspects of diabetes."

81. Do I need to be educated about Diabetes?,"Research shows that diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) can improve A1C levels and have a positive effect on other clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral aspects of diabetes."

82. Will getting educated or self-aware of diabetes help me in controlling my diabetes?,"Research shows that diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) can improve A1C levels and have a positive effect on other clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral aspects of diabetes."

83. Why should health care providers promote diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) for their patients with type 2 diabetes?,A: It’s important because over 90 percent of diabetes care is self-care; provided by the person with diabetes. Diabetes self-management education and support enables people to be the best self-managers possible.

84. When should that educational support be sought?,"First time point: At diagnosis, whether the person is on medication or not, to ensure that they understand their diabetes’ daily needs and to provide emotional and behavioral guidance for initial changes. We also want to start focusing on a healthy eating pattern that is individualized for that person.Second time point: During an annual assessment for education, nutrition, and emotional needs. This is a time to review, update, and provide additional support for all aspects of self- management.Third time point: When complicating factors influence self-management, such as a change in schedule or when a new disease detracts from one’s focus on the daily management of diabetes. For example, if a woman with diabetes is diagnosed with breast cancer, chemotherapy medication can affect her blood glucose, her desire to eat, or the taste of food. We can help her and others in this situation find a food plan that best fits them during this time and also adjust other aspects of their care so that they can continue to be confident in their diabetes management.Fourth time point: When transitions in care occur, such as when someone is transitioning from the hospital to home or from home to assisted living. These transitions can affect an individual’s activity or ability to function, and we want to be on top of that, while also attending to other adjustments that might influence daily choices."

85. When should I get awareness about diabetes?,"First time point: At diagnosis, whether the person is on medication or not, to ensure that they understand their diabetes’ daily needs and to provide emotional and behavioral guidance for initial changes. We also want to start focusing on a healthy eating pattern that is individualized for that person.Second time point: During an annual assessment for education, nutrition, and emotional needs. This is a time to review, update, and provide additional support for all aspects of self- management.Third time point: When complicating factors influence self-management, such as a change in schedule or when a new disease detracts from one’s focus on the daily management of diabetes. For example, if a woman with diabetes is diagnosed with breast cancer, chemotherapy medication can affect her blood glucose, her desire to eat, or the taste of food. We can help her and others in this situation find a food plan that best fits them during this time and also adjust other aspects of their care so that they can continue to be confident in their diabetes management.Fourth time point: When transitions in care occur, such as when someone is transitioning from the hospital to home or from home to assisted living. These transitions can affect an individual’s activity or ability to function, and we want to be on top of that, while also attending to other adjustments that might influence daily choices."

"86. My family member has diabetes, should I get educated too on how to manage diabetes? These time points are relevant for the other aspects of diabetes care.","First time point: At diagnosis, whether the person is on medication or not, to ensure that they understand their diabetes’ daily needs and to provide emotional and behavioral guidance for initial changes. We also want to start focusing on a healthy eating pattern that is individualized for that person.Second time point: During an annual assessment for education, nutrition, and emotional needs. This is a time to review, update, and provide additional support for all aspects of self- management.Third time point: When complicating factors influence self-management, such as a change in schedule or when a new disease detracts from one’s focus on the daily management of diabetes. For example, if a woman with diabetes is diagnosed with breast cancer, chemotherapy medication can affect her blood glucose, her desire to eat, or the taste of food. We can help her and others in this situation find a food plan that best fits them during this time and also adjust other aspects of their care so that they can continue to be confident in their diabetes management.Fourth time point: When transitions in care occur, such as when someone is transitioning from the hospital to home or from home to assisted living. These transitions can affect an individual’s activity or ability to function, and we want to be on top of that, while also attending to other adjustments that might influence daily choices."

87. What’s the evidence that diabetes education improves outcomes?,"Research shows that diabetes education improves the quality of life, self-efficacy, empowerment, healthy coping strategies, self-care behaviors, and adherence to the food plan. It also leads to healthier food choices, more activity, and use of glucose monitoring, and it lowers blood pressure and lipids. This is all referenced and cited in the article."

88. Will my diabetes be managed well if I know about it >,"Research shows that diabetes education improves the quality of life, self-efficacy, empowerment, healthy coping strategies, self-care behaviors, and adherence to the food plan. It also leads to healthier food choices, more activity, and use of glucose monitoring, and it lowers blood pressure and lipids. This is all referenced and cited in the article."

89. What's preventing everyone with diabetes from receiving diabetes education?,"ADA recommend that everybody should receive nutrition therapy from a qualified personand they should receive diabetes education. People living with diabetes need to have clear expectations for this, and the health system—including primary care providers—needs to make the referrals. Clinical systems management can help by providing automatic referrals at the four critical time points. Another barrier is that the referral to diabetes education must come from the primary care provider. It can’t be the cardiologist, for example, and the patient cannot self-refer."

90. Why people don’t get diabetes education?,"ADA recommend that everybody should receive nutrition therapy from a qualified personand they should receive diabetes education. People living with diabetes need to have clear expectations for this, and the health system—including primary care providers—needs to make the referrals. Clinical systems management can help by providing automatic referrals at the four critical time points. Another barrier is that the referral to diabetes education must come from the primary care provider. It can’t be the cardiologist, for example, and the patient cannot self-refer."

91. What is the stigma that prevents us from seeking help?,"ADA recommend that everybody should receive nutrition therapy from a qualified personand they should receive diabetes education. People living with diabetes need to have clear expectations for this, and the health system—including primary care providers—needs to make the referrals. Clinical systems management can help by providing automatic referrals at the four critical time points. Another barrier is that the referral to diabetes education must come from the primary care provider. It can’t be the cardiologist, for example, and the patient cannot self-refer."

92. How do you treat type 2 diabetes?,"When you have type 2 diabetes, you first need to eat a healthy diet, stay physically active and lose any extra weight. If these lifestyle changes cannot control your blood sugar, you also may need to take pills and other injected medication, including insulin.Eating a healthy diet, being physically active, and losing any extra weight is the first line of therapy. “Diet and exercise” is the foundation of all diabetes management because it makes your body’s cells respond better to insulin (in other words, it decreases insulin resistance) and lowers blood sugar levels.If you cannot normalize or control the blood sugars with diet, weight loss and exercise, the next treatment phase is taking medicine either orally or by injection.To get to know more information , Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

93. I am a type 2 diabetic. What is the best line of treatment.,"When you have type 2 diabetes, you first need to eat a healthy diet, stay physically active and lose any extra weight. If these lifestyle changes cannot control your blood sugar, you also may need to take pills and other injected medication, including insulin.Eating a healthy diet, being physically active, and losing any extra weight is the first line of therapy. “Diet and exercise” is the foundation of all diabetes management because it makes your body’s cells respond better to insulin (in other words, it decreases insulin resistance) and lowers blood sugar levels.If you cannot normalize or control the blood sugars with diet, weight loss and exercise, the next treatment phase is taking medicine either orally or by injection.To get to know more information , Speak to our healthcare team and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

94. Why am I prescribed multiple medicines for my diabetes management?,"Don’t be surprised if you have to use multiple medications to control the blood sugar. Multiple medications, also known as combination therapy is common in the treatment of diabetes! If one medication is not enough, you medical provider may give you two or three or  more different types of pills. Insulin or other injected medications also may be prescribed. Or, depending on your medical condition, you may be treated only with insulin or injected medication therapy.Many people with type 2 diabetes have elevated blood fats (high triglycerides and cholesterol) and blood pressure, so you may be given medications for these problems as well.To get to know more information about your current medications, Speak to our healthcareteam and make a free call now on 0800-66766."

"95. Can type 2 diabetes go away? And if my blood sugar becomes normal, do I still have diabetes?","Type 2 diabetes is a genetic condition or pre-disposition that doesn’t change with treatment. But diabetes is defined as an elevated blood sugar.When your blood sugar is normal with no treatment, then the diabetes is considered to have gone away. However, even when the blood sugars are controlled, because type 2 diabetes is a genetic condition, the predisposition for diabetes always exists. High blood sugars can come back.If you have type 2 diabetes and the blood sugar is controlled during treatment (diet, exercise and medications), it means that the treatment plan is working. You are getting the good blood sugar because of the treatment – NOT because diabetes predisposition has gone away. You will need to continue your treatment; otherwise, your blood sugar will go back up."

96. Can I stop taking my medications if my blood sugar is under control?,"Type 2 diabetes is a genetic condition or pre-disposition that doesn’t change with treatment. But diabetes is defined as an elevated blood sugar.When your blood sugar is normal with no treatment, then the diabetes is considered to have gone away. However, even when the blood sugars are controlled, because type 2 diabetes is a genetic condition, the predisposition for diabetes always exists. High blood sugars can come back.If you have type 2 diabetes and the blood sugar is controlled during treatment (diet, exercise and medications), it means that the treatment plan is working. You are getting the good blood sugar because of the treatment – NOT because diabetes predisposition has gone away. You will need to continue your treatment; otherwise, your blood sugar will go back up."

97. Will I need to take insulin if I have type 2 diabetes?,"Maybe. Historically, 30%  or  more of people with  type  2 diabetes required  insulin therapy. However there are many new drugs available that may delay or prevent the need for insulin therapy. It is expected that fewer and fewer individuals will need insulin replacement to control their blood sugars."

"94. As someone with type 2 diabetes, do I turn into a type 1 diabetic when I take insulin?","No. Taking insulin does not mean that you have type 1 diabetes. Your type of diabetes is determined by your genetics, not by the type of therapy."

"98. If I have type 2 diabetes and take insulin, do I have to take it forever?","Not necessarily. If you can lose weight, change your diet, increase your activity level, or change your medications you may be able to reduce or stop insulin therapy. Under certain circumstances, you may only need insulin temporarily – such as during pregnancy, acute illness, after surgery or when treated with drugs that increase their body’s resistance to the action of insulin (such as prednisone or steroids). Often the insulin therapy can be stopped after the event or stress is over."

99. Will I ever get to stop using insulin?,"Not necessarily. If you can lose weight, change your diet, increase your activity level, or change your medications you may be able to reduce or stop insulin therapy. Under certain circumstances, you may only need insulin temporarily – such as during pregnancy, acute illness, after surgery or when treated with drugs that increase their body’s resistance to the action of insulin (such as prednisone or steroids). Often the insulin therapy can be stopped after the event or stress is over."

100.           Will exercise help my diabetes?,"Exercise is very beneficial in the management of type 2 diabetes. Always consult with yourdoctor about exercise guidelines, to exercise safely and reduce risks."

101.           Do I need exercise to control my diabetes?,"Exercise is very beneficial in the management of type 2 diabetes. Always consult with yourdoctor about exercise guidelines, to exercise safely and reduce risks."

102.           If I have type 2 diabetes can I stop taking diabetes medications if I eliminate candy and cookies from my diet?,"If you eliminate concentrated sources of carbohydrates (foods that turn into sugar in your blood stream) like candy and cookies, you may be able to reduce or eliminate the need for diabetes medications. Everyone with type 2 diabetes will benefit from an improved diet, but you may still need other interventions, such as increased physical activity, weight loss or medications to keep your blood sugars in the target range. Check with your doctor about any diabetes medication dose adjustments that may be required if you change your diet."

"103.           If I stop taking sweets and carbonated drinks, can I stop taking my diabetes medicines ?","If you eliminate concentrated sources of carbohydrates (foods that turn into sugar in your blood stream) like candy and cookies, you may be able to reduce or eliminate the need for diabetes medications. Everyone with type 2 diabetes will benefit from an improved diet, but you may still need other interventions, such as increased physical activity, weight loss or medications to keep your blood sugars in the target range. Check with your doctor about any diabetes medication dose adjustments that may be required if you change your diet."

104.           Do I need to monitor my blood sugar when I have type 2 diabetes?,"You may feel fine, but that is no guarantee that your blood sugar levels are in the target range. Remember, diabetic complications do not appear right away. And complications may develop even when the blood sugar is only slightly elevated. Regular blood sugar monitoring can help you keep your blood sugars in control and prevent serious damage to your eyes, kidneys and nerves. If your sugar levels are out of line, consult your doctor."

105.           Why do I need to check my blood sugar levels?,"You may feel fine, but that is no guarantee that your blood sugar levels are in the target range. Remember, diabetic complications do not appear right away. And complications may develop even when the blood sugar is only slightly elevated. Regular blood sugar monitoring can help you keep your blood sugars in control and prevent serious damage to your eyes, kidneys and nerves. If your sugar levels are out of line, consult your doctor."

106.           Are my children at risk?,"Yes. Type 2 diabetes is a genetic disease. The risk is highest when multiple family members have diabetes, and if the children also are overweight, sedentary and have the other risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Your child has a 10-15% chance of developing type 2 diabetes when you have type 2 diabetes. And if one identical twin has type 2 diabetes, there is a 75% likelihood of the other twin developing type 2 diabetes also."

107.           Can my siblings be also diabetic ?,"Yes. Type 2 diabetes is a genetic disease. The risk is highest when multiple family members have diabetes, and if the children also are overweight, sedentary and have the other risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Your child has a 10-15% chance of developing type 2 diabetes when you have type 2 diabetes. And if one identical twin has type 2 diabetes, there is a 75% likelihood of the other twin developing type 2 diabetes also."

108.           Can Diabetes be prevented?,"Although we cannot change your genetic risk for developing type 2 diabetes, we do know that even modest exercise and weight loss can delay or prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. A landmark research study in the United States, the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) was completed in 2002 and showed that when people modified their risk factors for type 2 diabetes, they reduced their chance of developing the condition. Similar results have been shown in Finland.In the DPP study, people with pre-diabetes were enrolled and assigned to 3 different treatments:Intensive lifestyle changes – exercise (30 minutes, 5 days a week), a healthy diet, and weightloss (loss of 7% of initial weight)The diabetes drug, Metformin An inactive placebo disguised as MetforminThe group that made lifestyle changes was 58% less likely to develop diabetes compared to the placebo group. And the group that took Metformin was 31% less likely to develop diabetes compared to the placebo group. In other words – lifestyle changes and Metformin therapy can delay or prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes (weight loss, healthy diet and activity) are the most effective intervention."

109.           What are ketones and why do I need to know about them?,"Ketones and ketoacids are alternative fuels for the body that are made when glucose is in short supply. They are made in the liver from the breakdown of fats.Ketones are formed when there is not enough sugar or glucose to supply the body’s fuel needs. This occurs overnight, and during dieting or fasting. During these periods, insulin levels are low, but glucagon and epinephrine levels are relatively normal. This combination of low insulin, and relatively normal glucagon and epinephrine levels causes fat to be released from the fat cells. The fats travel through the blood circulation to reach the liver where they are processed into ketone units. The ketone units then circulate back into the blood stream and are picked up by the muscle and other tissues to fuel your body’s metabolism. In a person without diabetes, ketone production is the body’s normal adaptation to starvation. Blood sugar levels never get too high, because the production is regulated by just the right balance of insulin, glucagon and other hormones."

110.           What happens to my blood sugar levels when I’m stressed?,"During stressful situations, epinephrine (adrenaline), glucagon, growth hormone and cortisol play a role in blood sugar levels. Stressful situations include infections, serious illness or significant emotion stress.When stressed, the body prepares itself by ensuring that enough sugar or energy is readily available. Insulin levels fall, glucagon and epinephrine (adrenaline) levels rise and more glucose is released from the liver. At the same time, growth hormone and cortisol levels rise, which causes body tissues (muscle and fat) to be less sensitive to insulin. As a result, more glucose is available in the blood stream.When you have type 2 diabetes, low blood sugars from too much medication or insulin are a common cause of stress. The hormonal response to a low blood sugar includes a rapid releaseof epinephrine and glucagon, followed by a slower release of cortisol and growth hormone.These hormonal responses to the low blood sugar may last for 6-8 hours – during that time the blood sugar may be difficult to control. The phenomena of a low blood sugar followed by a high blood sugar is called a “rebound” or “Somogyi” reaction.When you have type 2  diabetes, stress may make your blood sugar go up and become moredifficult to control – and you may need to take higher doses of your diabetes medications or insulin."

111.           Which hormones are effected when I am stressed?,"During stressful situations, epinephrine (adrenaline), glucagon, growth hormone and cortisol play a role in blood sugar levels. Stressful situations include infections, serious illness or significant emotion stress.When stressed, the body prepares itself by ensuring that enough sugar or energy is readily available. Insulin levels fall, glucagon and epinephrine (adrenaline) levels rise and more glucose is released from the liver. At the same time, growth hormone and cortisol levels rise, which causes body tissues (muscle and fat) to be less sensitive to insulin. As a result, more glucose is available in the blood stream.When you have type 2 diabetes, low blood sugars from too much medication or insulin are a common cause of stress. The hormonal response to a low blood sugar includes a rapid releaseof epinephrine and glucagon, followed by a slower release of cortisol and growth hormone.These hormonal responses to the low blood sugar may last for 6-8 hours – during that time the blood sugar may be difficult to control. The phenomena of a low blood sugar followed by a high blood sugar is called a “rebound” or “Somogyi” reaction.When you have type 2  diabetes, stress may make your blood sugar go up and become moredifficult to control – and you may need to take higher doses of your diabetes medications or insulin."

"112.           Being a diabetic, what stress can do to me ?","During stressful situations, epinephrine (adrenaline), glucagon, growth hormone and cortisol play a role in blood sugar levels. Stressful situations include infections, serious illness or significant emotion stress.When stressed, the body prepares itself by ensuring that enough sugar or energy is readily available. Insulin levels fall, glucagon and epinephrine (adrenaline) levels rise and more glucose is released from the liver. At the same time, growth hormone and cortisol levels rise, which causes body tissues (muscle and fat) to be less sensitive to insulin. As a result, more glucose is available in the blood stream.When you have type 2 diabetes, low blood sugars from too much medication or insulin are a common cause of stress. The hormonal response to a low blood sugar includes a rapid releaseof epinephrine and glucagon, followed by a slower release of cortisol and growth hormone.These hormonal responses to the low blood sugar may last for 6-8 hours – during that time the blood sugar may be difficult to control. The phenomena of a low blood sugar followed by a high blood sugar is called a “rebound” or “Somogyi” reaction.When you have type 2  diabetes, stress may make your blood sugar go up and become moredifficult to control – and you may need to take higher doses of your diabetes medications or insulin."

"113.           Do you have any suggestions for treating the pain of neuropathy, caused by circulation problems associated with diabetes?","Neuropathic pain -- from tingling and numbness to shooting pains in the extremities -- can be tough to treat, but fortunately we have some medications that can be used. They include antidepressants or anti-seizure medications."

114.           What is a neuropathic pain ?,"Neuropathic pain -- from tingling and numbness to shooting pains in the extremities -- can be tough to treat, but fortunately we have some medications that can be used. They include antidepressants or anti-seizure medications."

115.           What can be done to avoid nerve damage related to diabetes? Can problems related to nerve damage be reversed?,

116.           What is prediabetes?,"Prediabetes is a condition that can lead to Type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Prediabetes means that your blood sugar level is higher than normal but not yet high enough to be classified as Type 2 diabetes. You can take steps to prevent or delay Type 2 diabetes and heart disease. On the positive side, prediabetes can be an opportunity for you to improve your health."

117.           Do I have prediabetes?,"You are likely to develop prediabetes when you have certain risk factors. You are at higher risk for prediabetes if you:?    are 45 or older?    are  African  American,  Hispanic/Latino,  American  Indian,  Asian  American  or  PacificIslander?    have a parent, brother, sister with diabetes?    are overweight?    are physically inactive?    have high blood pressure or you take medicine for high blood pressure?    are a woman who had diabetes during pregnancy (gestational diabetes)Those who should be screened for prediabetes include overweight adults age 45 and older and those under age 45 who are overweight and have one or more of the risk factors."

118.           How do I know that I am a prediabetic?,"You are likely to develop prediabetes when you have certain risk factors. You are at higher risk for prediabetes if you:?    are 45 or older?    are  African  American,  Hispanic/Latino,  American  Indian,  Asian  American  or  PacificIslander?    have a parent, brother, sister with diabetes?    are overweight?    are physically inactive?    have high blood pressure or you take medicine for high blood pressure?    are a woman who had diabetes during pregnancy (gestational diabetes)Those who should be screened for prediabetes include overweight adults age 45 and older and those under age 45 who are overweight and have one or more of the risk factors."

119.           How can I prevent or delay diabetes?,"You can prevent or delay Type 2 diabetes by losing 5 to 7% of your weight. For someone who weighs 200 pounds, 7% is only 14 pounds! Motivate yourself by remembering the benefits of losing weight, such as a healthier heart, more energy  and improved  self-esteem. Ways to prevent or delay Type 2 diabetes include:?    cutting back on calories and saturated fat?    losing weight?    increasing your daily physical activityIf you are overweight, your first goal should be to lose weight. One key issue in losing weight is controlling portion size and making healthful food choices that cut down on the amount of fat you eat. Each gram of fat has significantly more calories than carbohydrate and protein grams."

120.           Can diabetes onset be delayed or prevented ?,"You can prevent or delay Type 2 diabetes by losing 5 to 7% of your weight. For someone who weighs 200 pounds, 7% is only 14 pounds! Motivate yourself by remembering the benefits of losing weight, such as a healthier heart, more energy  and improved  self-esteem. Ways to prevent or delay Type 2 diabetes include:?    cutting back on calories and saturated fat?    losing weight?    increasing your daily physical activityIf you are overweight, your first goal should be to lose weight. One key issue in losing weight is controlling portion size and making healthful food choices that cut down on the amount of fat you eat. Each gram of fat has significantly more calories than carbohydrate and protein grams."

121.           What should I eat?,"What you eat is important, but so is how much you eat of certain foods. Here are a few tips to make better food choices:?    eat more foods that are broiled and fewer foods that are fried?    cut back on the amount of butter you use?    eat more fish and chicken and only lean cuts of beef?    add more fruits and vegetables to your dietHaving prediabetes or diabetes does not mean that you cannot eat certain foods. The solution isn’t to avoid foods with sugar in them, but to limit how often you eat processed, high-sugar foods, and watch the portion size when you do indulge. Choose foods low in fat and calories and high in fiber. Focus on fruits, vegetables and whole grains."

122.           What is a good diet for a diabetic patient?,"What you eat is important, but so is how much you eat of certain foods. Here are a few tips to make better food choices:?    eat more foods that are broiled and fewer foods that are fried?    cut back on the amount of butter you use?    eat more fish and chicken and only lean cuts of beef?    add more fruits and vegetables to your dietHaving prediabetes or diabetes does not mean that you cannot eat certain foods. The solution isn’t to avoid foods with sugar in them, but to limit how often you eat processed, high-sugar foods, and watch the portion size when you do indulge. Choose foods low in fat and calories and high in fiber. Focus on fruits, vegetables and whole grains."

123.           How much time should I exercise?,"Aim for 30 to 60 minutes of moderate physical activity most days of the week. Take a brisk walk,ride your bike or swim laps. Try not to let more than two days go by without some exercise."

124.           I walk for 30 minutes everyday. It is enough ?,"Aim for 30 to 60 minutes of moderate physical activity most days of the week. Take a brisk walk,ride your bike or swim laps. Try not to let more than two days go by without some exercise."

125.           How does having prediabetes affect my health in the future?,"If you take no action, prediabetes in many cases will progress to Type 2 diabetes within five years. Losing 5 to 7% of your weight through lifestyle changes that include more healthful eating and increased physical activity can prevent prediabetes from progressing to Type 2 diabetes. Take action today to prevent Type 2 diabetes and avoid the complications that diabetes and heart disease could bring. Small steps can make a difference in your health. Take one to two small steps today."

126.           Why and how can I get diabetes?,"Diabetes occurs for a number of reasons, but the ultimate cause of the high blood sugar that characterizes the disorder is either deficiency of the hormone insulin or a combination of insulin deficiency and resistance of the body tissues to its actions. In response to food intake, insulin is released by specialized cells in the pancreas and is necessary for adequate amounts of glucose and other nutrients from food to be absorbed into certain tissues of the body. When insulin is lacking or the body resists its actions, the level of glucose in the blood becomes excessively high and diabetes is diagnosed."

127.           What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?,"Type 1 diabetes is entirely due to an almost complete deficiency of insulin. The deficiency is the result of the immune system erroneously attacking and destroying the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. For the proper functioning of our bodies, it is necessary for insulin to be present at all times in the bloodstream and tissues, not only after we have eaten.Type 2 diabetes is due to a combination of our body tissues becoming resistant to the action of insulin and the inability of the pancreas to make enough extra insulin to overcome it. Although this latter component of the problem is often viewed as a failure of the pancreas, it is only in recent times, when our lifestyle and environment have caused many of us to become very insulin resistant, that the insulin-producing capacity is unable to compensate."