Co-Administration of TiO2 Nanowired Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Cerebrolysin Potentiates Neprilysin Level and Reduces Brain Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease.
Neprilysin (NPL), the rate-limiting enzyme for amyloid beta peptide (AβP), appears to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and/or cerebrolysin (CBL, a combination of neurotrophic factors and active peptide fragments) have neuroprotective effects in various CNS disorders, we examined nanowired delivery of MSCs and CBL on NPL content and brain pathology in AD using a rat model. AD-like symptoms were produced by intraventricular (i.c.v.) administration of AβP (1-40) in the left lateral ventricle (250 ng/10 μl, once daily) for 4 weeks. After 30 days, the rats were examined for NPL and AβP concentrations in the brain and related pathology. Co-administration of TiO2-nanowired MSCs (106 cells) with 2.5 ml/kg CBL (i.v.) once daily for 1 week after 2 weeks of AβP infusion significantly increased the NPL in the hippocampus (400 pg/g) from the untreated control group (120 pg/g; control 420 ± 8 pg/g brain) along with a significant decrease in the AβP deposition (45 pg/g from untreated control 75 pg/g; saline control 40 ± 4 pg/g). Interestingly, these changes were much less evident when the MSCs or CBL treatment was given alone. Neuronal damages, gliosis, and myelin vesiculation were also markedly reduced by the combined treatment of TiO2, MSCs, and CBL in AD. These observations are the first to show that co-administration of TiO2-nanowired CBL and MSCs has superior neuroprotective effects in AD probably due to increasing the brain NPL level effectively, not reported earlier.
['Sharma|Hari Shanker|HS|', 'Muresanu|Dafin Fior|DF|', 'Lafuente|José Vicente|JV|', 'Patnaik|Ranjana|R|', 'Tian|Z Ryan|ZR|', 'Ozkizilcik|Asya|A|', 'Castellani|Rudy J|RJ|', 'Mössler|Herbert|H|', 'Sharma|Aruna|A|']
D000544:Alzheimer Disease D000596:Amino Acids D000818:Animals D001921:Brain D008297:Male D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation D053770:Nanowires D015260:Neprilysin D051381:Rats D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley D014025:Titanium
TiO2 nanowires Neprilysin (NPL) Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Amyloid-beta peptide (aβP) Cerebrolysin (CBL) Nanodelivery