Sodium-induced hyperhydration decreases urine output and improves fluid balance compared with glycerol- and water-induced hyperhydration.
Before 2010, which is the year the World Anti-Doping Agency banned its use, glycerol was commonly used by athletes for hyperhydration purposes. Through its effect on osmoreceptors, we believe that sodium could prove a viable alternative to glycerol as a hyperhydrating agent. Therefore, this study compared the effects of sodium-induced hyperhydration (SIH), glycerol-induced hyperhydration (GIH) and water-induced hyperhydration (WIH) on fluid balance responses. Using a randomized, double-blind and counterbalanced protocol, 17 men (21 ± 3 years, 64 ± 6 kg fat-free mass (FFM)) underwent three 3-h hyperhydration protocols during which they ingested, over the first 60-min period, 30 mL/kg FFM of water with (i) an artificial sweetener (WIH); (ii) an artificial sweetener + 7.45 g/L of table salt (SIH); or (iii) an artificial sweetener + 1.4 g glycerol/kg FFM (GIH). Changes in body weight (BW), urine production, fluid retention, hemoglobin, hematocrit, plasma volume, and perceptual variables were monitored throughout the 3-h trials. After 3 h, SIH was associated with significantly (p < 0.05) lower hemoglobin, hematocrit (SIH: 43.1% ± 2.8%; GIH: 44.9% ± 2.4%), and urine production, as well as greater BW, fluid retention (SIH: 1144 ± 294 mL; GIH: 795 ± 337 mL), and plasma volume (SIH: 11.9% ± 12.0%; GIH: 4.0% ± 6.0%) gains, compared with GIH and WIH. No significant differences in heart rate or abdominal discomfort were observed between treatments. In conclusion, our results indicate that SIH is a superior hyperhydrating technique than, and proves to be a worthwhile alternative to, GIH.
['Savoie|Félix A|FA|', 'Dion|Tommy|T|', 'Asselin|Audrey|A|', 'Goulet|Eric D B|ED|']
D000328:Adult D001628:Beverages D003681:Dehydration D004300:Doping in Sports D004311:Double-Blind Method D004326:Drinking D005990:Glycerol D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008954:Models, Biological D009846:Oliguria D010953:Plasma Volume D012720:Severity of Illness Index D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary D012982:Sodium, Dietary D014869:Water Intoxication D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance D015430:Weight Gain D055815:Young Adult
fluid balance table salt dehydration déshydratation hydratation hydration overhydration sel de table surhydratation équilibre hydrique