The genetic underpinnings of callous-unemotional traits: A systematic research review.
BACKGROUND
Callous-unemotional (CU) traits represent the affective features of psychopathy used to delineate youth at high risk for externalizing pathology. The genetic etiology CU traits is not currently well-understood.


METHODS
The current review surveyed the literature for studies on the genetic underpinnings of CU traits and integrated information from 39 genetic studies.


RESULTS
The results from 24 studies with quantitative data suggest that the heritability for CU traits is likely between 36-67%. A majority of the 16 molecular genetic studies focused on candidate genes in the serotonin and oxytocin systems with results that have not been well replicated. Although two genome-wide association studies have been conducted, no genome-wide significant loci have been discovered.


DISCUSSION
There is some evidence to suggest that the serotonin and oxytocin systems may play a role in CU traits; however, there is currently not enough evidence to implicate specific genetic mechanisms. The authors encourage researchers to continue to apply the most up-to-date and relevant methodology, specifically collaborations and consortiums using genome-wide and polygenic methods.
['Moore|Ashlee A|AA|', 'Blair|R James|RJ|', 'Hettema|John M|JM|', 'Roberson-Nay|Roxann|R|']
D019955:Conduct Disorder D004644:Emotions D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease D006801:Humans D010551:Personality D012307:Risk Factors D018433:Twin Studies as Topic
Genetics Psychopathy Heritability Callous Epigenetics Genomics Twins Uncaring Unemotional