Switching from usual brand cigarettes to a tobacco-heating cigarette or snus: Part 3. Biomarkers of biological effect.
A randomized, multi-center study of adult cigarette smokers switched to tobacco-heating cigarettes, snus or ultra-low machine yield tobacco-burning cigarettes (50/group) for 24 weeks was conducted. Evaluation of biomarkers of biological effect (e.g. inflammation, lipids, hypercoaguable state) indicated that the majority of consistent and statistically significant improvements over time within each group were observed in markers of inflammation. Consistent and statistically significant differences in pairwise comparisons between product groups were not observed. These findings are relevant to the understanding of biomarkers of biological effect related to cigarette smoking as well as the risk continuum across various tobacco products (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02061917).
['Ogden|Michael W|MW|', 'Marano|Kristin M|KM|', 'Jones|Bobbette A|BA|', 'Morgan|Walter T|WT|', 'Stiles|Mitchell F|MF|']
D000328:Adult D015415:Biomarkers D005260:Female D006801:Humans D018836:Inflammation Mediators D008055:Lipids D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D000074606:Smoking Prevention D013997:Time Factors D020340:Tobacco Use Cessation D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless
Inflammation risk continuum multi-center randomized study oxidative stress