A structured literature synthesis of wrist outcome measures: An evidence-based approach to determine use among common wrist diagnoses.
STUDY DESIGN
Structured literature synthesis.


INTRODUCTION
Hand therapists and researchers have numerous options when selecting outcome measures for patients with wrist pathologies. An evidence-based approach to determining which measures are used most often can inform choices.


PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
To describe how frequently outcome measures are used in recent randomized controlled trials of patients with wrist diagnoses. Identifying assessment design and related International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) domains provides additional consideration for selection.


METHODS
Systematic PubMed and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature searches for the time frame between January 2005 and March 2015 captured measures used in randomized controlled trials researching wrist-specific fractures, ligament injuries, nerve injuries, arthritis/arthroplasty, or stress injuries/wrist pain.


RESULTS
Three most frequent measures used within each diagnostic category are detailed with assessment design described and ICF domain identified. Across diagnoses, grip/pinch strength and Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand were the most frequently used physical and patient-reported outcome measures, respectively. The Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test was the most frequently used performance measure.


DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
Consideration of the evidence, ICF domains, wrist diagnoses, and assessment design can help hand therapists select the measure most appropriate for use.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
2a.
['Weinstock-Zlotnick|Gwen|G|', 'Mehta|Saurabh P|SP|']
D003131:Combined Modality Therapy D004185:Disability Evaluation D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine D005081:Exercise Therapy D005260:Female D006801:Humans D015601:Injury Severity Score D008297:Male D019637:Orthopedic Procedures D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic D020127:Recovery of Function D014481:United States D014954:Wrist Injuries
Outcome measures Assessment ICF framework Wrist injuries