Mass Spectrometry for Identification, Monitoring, and Minimal Residual Disease Detection of M-Proteins.
BACKGROUND
Monoclonal gammopathies (MGs) are plasma cell disorders defined by the clonal expansion of plasma cells, resulting in the characteristic excretion of a monoclonal immunoglobulin (M-protein). M-protein detection and quantification are integral parts of the diagnosis and monitoring of MGs. Novel treatment modalities impose new challenges on the traditional electrophoretic and immunochemical methods that are routinely used for M-protein diagnostics, such as interferences from therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and the need for increased analytical sensitivity to measure minimal residual disease.


CONTENT
Mass spectrometry (MS) is ideally suited to accurate mass measurements or targeted measurement of unique clonotypic peptide fragments. Based on these features, MS-based methods allow for the analytically sensitive measurement of the patient-specific M-protein.


SUMMARY
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the MS methods that have been developed recently to detect, characterize, and quantify M-proteins. The advantages and disadvantages of using these techniques in clinical practice and the impact they will have on the management of patients with MGs are discussed.
['Zajec|M|M|', 'Langerhorst|P|P|', 'VanDuijn|M M|MM|', 'Gloerich|J|J|', 'Russcher|H|H|', 'van Gool|A J|AJ|', 'Luider|T M|TM|', 'Joosten|I|I|', 'de Rijke|Y B|YB|', 'Jacobs|J F M|JFM|']
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal D015415:Biomarkers D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid D006801:Humans D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains D013058:Mass Spectrometry D010265:Paraproteinemias D010455:Peptides
Mass spectrometry Minimal Residual Disease M-protein Monoclonal Gammopathy Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies Clonotypic Peptide MASS-FIX MASS-SCREEN miRAMM