Accuracy and Early Clinical Outcome of 3-Dimensional Planned and Guided Single-Cut Osteotomies of Malunited Forearm Bones.
PURPOSE
To investigate the reduction accuracy of 3-dimensional planned single-cut osteotomies (SCOTs) of the forearm that were performed using patient-specific guides.


METHODS
A retrospective analysis of SCOTs performed between 2012 and 2014 was performed. Ten patients (age, 15-59 years) with 6 malunions of the ulna and 6 malunions of the radius were identified. The reduction accuracy was assessed by comparing the 3-dimensional preoperative plan of each osteotomy with the superimposed bone model extracted from postoperative computed tomography data. The difference was assessed by 3-dimensional angle and in all 6 degrees of freedom (3 translations, 3 rotations) with respect to an anatomical coordinate system. Wrist range of motion and grip strength was assessed after a mean of 16.7 months and compared with the preoperative measurements.


RESULTS
On average, the 12 SCOTs demonstrated excellent accuracy of the reduction with respect to rotation (ie, pronation/supination, 4.9°; flexion/extension, 1.7°; ulnar/radial angulation, 2.0°) and translation (ie, proximal/distal, 0.8 mm; radial/ulnar, 0.8 mm; dorsal/palmar, 0.8 mm). A mean residual 3-dimensional angle of 5.8° (SD, 3.6°) was measured after surgery. All 6 patients operated on for reasons of a reduced range of motion demonstrated improved symptoms and increased movement (from 20° to 80°). In the patients with unstable/painful distal radioulnar joint, 3 were totally free of complaints and 1 patient showed residual pain during sports.


CONCLUSIONS
A SCOT combined with patient-specific guides is an accurate and reliable technique to restore normal anatomy in multiplanar deformities of the forearm.


TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic IV.
['Roner|Simon|S|', 'Vlachopoulos|Lazaros|L|', 'Nagy|Ladislav|L|', 'Schweizer|Andreas|A|', 'Fürnstahl|Philipp|P|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D005260:Female D005592:Fracture Fixation D017759:Fractures, Malunited D018737:Hand Strength D006801:Humans D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D010027:Osteotomy D011885:Radius Fractures D016059:Range of Motion, Articular D012189:Retrospective Studies D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted D016896:Treatment Outcome D014458:Ulna Fractures D014955:Wrist Joint D055815:Young Adult
Single-cut osteotomy patient-specific guides accuracy of osteotomies computer-assisted planning forearm osteotomies