Maxillary sinus augmentation using biphasic calcium phosphate: dimensional stability results after 3-6 years.
Purpose
This study was designed to observe the resorption pattern of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) used for maxillary sinus augmentation over a 3- to 6-year healing period, and to investigate factors affecting the resorption of BCP.


Methods
A total of 47 implants placed in 27 sinuses of 22 patients were investigated. All patients had residual bone height less than 5 mm at baseline. The modified Caldwell-Luc approach was used to elevate the maxillary sinus membrane, and the sinus cavity was filled with BCP (70% hydroxyapatite and 30% β-tricalcium phosphate). Implant placement was done simultaneously or in a staged manner. Serial radiographic analysis was performed up to 6 years postoperatively.


Results
During the follow-up period, no implant loss was reported. The mean reduced height of the augmented sinus (RHO) was 0.27±1.08 mm at 36 months, and 0.89±1.39 mm at 72 months postoperatively. Large amounts of graft material (P=0.021) and a long healing period (P=0.035) significantly influenced the amount of RHO. In particular, there was a significant relationship between a healing period longer than 40 months and RHO.


Conclusions
BCP can achieve proper dimensional stability with minimal reduction of the graft height in a 3- to 6-year healing period after maxillary sinus augmentation. The healing period and the amount of graft material influenced the resorption of BCP.
['Cha|Jae-Kook|JK|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6906-7209', 'Kim|Chingu|C|https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5058-8808', 'Pae|Hyung-Chul|HC|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6365-3557', 'Lee|Jung-Seok|JS|https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1276-5978', 'Jung|Ui-Won|UW|https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6371-4172', 'Choi|Seong-Ho|SH|https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6704-6124']
Bone substitutes Dental implants Maxillary sinus floor augmentation