Proteome Diversification by RNA Editing.
RNA editing is an RNA modification that alters the RNA sequence relative to its genomic blueprint. The most common type of RNA editing is A-to-I editing by double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (ADAR) enzymes. Editing of a protein-coding region within the RNA molecule may result in non-synonymous substitutions, leading to a modified protein product. These editing sites, also known as "recoding" sites, contribute to the complexity and diversification of the proteome. Recent computational transcriptomic studies have identified thousands of recoding sites in multiple species, many of which are conserved within (but not usually across) lineages and have functional and evolutionary importance. In this chapter we describe the recoding phenomenon across species, consider its potential utility for diversity and adaptation, and discuss its evolution.
['Eisenberg|Eli|E|']
D000220:Adaptation, Biological D000241:Adenosine D000818:Animals D019143:Evolution, Molecular D049810:Genetic Speciation D014644:Genetic Variation D006801:Humans D007288:Inosine D016366:Open Reading Frames D020543:Proteome D017393:RNA Editing D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded D059467:Transcriptome
RNA editing ADAR Recoding