Epidemiological profile of eumycetomas in Rabat, Morocco, over 40 years.
Eumycetomas are chronic subcutaneous pseudo-tumoral infections, endemic in arid tropical areas, which are caused by exogenous fungi that produce grains in vivo. The objective of our work is to establish their epidemiological, clinical and mycological profile in our Moroccan context. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective study, extending from 1975 to 2019, compiling all cases of eumycetomas that were diagnosed in the parasitology-mycology laboratory of the Ibn Sina University Hospital of Rabat. The diagnosis, based on the swabbing of exudates and eventual grains or the study of biopsies, included the direct examination of 30% KOH mounts, the realization of appositions colored by May-Grünwald-Giemsa and the incubation on 3 Sabouraud media at 27° and 37°C. In 44 years, 12 cases of eumycetoma have been diagnosed, with a male to female ratio of 5:1 and a mean age of 44.8 years. The lesions, evolving from 1 to 30 years, were podal in 10 cases, popliteal and gluteal in one case each, with osteolysis in 3 patients. The collected grains were black in 9 cases, white in 2 others. Direct examination was unanimously positive, revealing entangled hyphae, whilst culture isolated Madurella sp. in 9 cases, Trichophyton rubrum, Acremonium sp. in one case each and remained sterile in the last case. The treatment was medical in 8 cases, medico-surgical in 3 others, with loss of sight of most patients.
['Tazi|S|S|', 'Konzi|K M-E|KM|', 'Chachi|E M|EM|', 'Lyagoubi|M|M|', 'Aoufi|S|S|']
D000328:Adult D000935:Antifungal Agents D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques D005260:Female D005658:Fungi D006801:Humans D020461:Madurella D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D009018:Morocco D008271:Mycetoma D012189:Retrospective Studies D014249:Trichophyton D055815:Young Adult
Eumycetomas Morocco Black grains Madura foot Madurella mycetomatis Multi-fistulized swelling