Phytol, a diterpene alcohol, inhibits the inflammatory response by reducing cytokine production and oxidative stress.
Studies have shown that diterpenes have anti-inflammatory and redox-protective pharmacological activities. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of phytol, a diterpene alcohol, in a mouse model of acute inflammation, and phytol effect on leukocyte recruitment, cytokines levels, and oxidative stress. The anti-inflammatory activities of phytol were assessed by measuring paw edema induced by different inflammatory agents (e.g., λ-carrageenan, compound 48/80, histamine, serotonin, bradykinin, and prostaglandin E2 [PGE2 ]), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, peritonitis model and cytokine levels. Further, oxidative stress was evaluated by determining glutathione (GSH) levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. The results showed that phytol (7.5, 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg) significantly reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema, in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, phytol (75 mg/kg) inhibited compound 48/80-, histamine-, serotonin-, bradykinin- and PGE2 -induced paw edema. It also inhibited the recruitment of total leukocytes and neutrophils; decreased MPO activity, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels, and MDA concentration; and increased GSH levels during carrageenan-induced acute inflammation. These results suggest that phytol attenuates the inflammatory response by inhibiting neutrophil migration that is partly caused by reduction in IL-1β and TNF-α levels and oxidative stress.
['Silva|Renan O|RO|', 'Sousa|Francisca Beatriz M|FB|', 'Damasceno|Samara R B|SR|', 'Carvalho|Nathalia S|NS|', 'Silva|Valdelânia G|VG|', 'Oliveira|Francisco Rodrigo M A|FR|', 'Sousa|Damião P|DP|', 'Aragão|Karoline S|KS|', 'Barbosa|André L R|AL|', 'Freitas|Rivelilson M|RM|', 'Medeiros|Jand Venes R|JV|']
D000818:Animals D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents D016207:Cytokines D004195:Disease Models, Animal D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug D004487:Edema D005978:Glutathione D007249:Inflammation D053583:Interleukin-1beta D007962:Leukocytes D008297:Male D008315:Malondialdehyde D051379:Mice D009504:Neutrophils D018384:Oxidative Stress D009195:Peroxidase D010836:Phytol D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
phytol cytokine oxidative stress anti-inflammatory