Association of sarcopenic obesity predicted by anthropometric measurements and 24-y all-cause mortality in elderly men: The Kuakini Honolulu Heart Program.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between anthropometric measurements of sarcopenic obesity and all-cause mortality.


METHODS
The study included 2309 Japanese-American men ages 71 to 93 y. Mortality data were available for up to 24 y of follow-up. Sarcopenic obesity defined by three patterns of obesity indexes (body mass index [BMI], percent body fat [%BF] and waist circumference [WC]) and skeletal muscle index estimated by anthropometric measurements.


RESULTS
Of the 2309 participants, 2210 deaths were reported during the mean follow-up period of 11.7 y. Risk for death was significantly increased with sarcopenia after adjusting for baseline age, lifestyle variables, hypertension, diabetes, and cognitive scores (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-1.38). Risk for death was significantly decreased with obesity using WC and %BF to define obesity, but not BMI. Risk for death also was significantly increased in the sarcopenia group compared with the optimal group, regardless of which pattern of obesity indexes (BMI, %BF, and WC) was used. Risk for death was significantly increased in sarcopenic obesity defined by WC (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.38), borderline in the BMI-defined group, and not significant in the %BF-defined group.


CONCLUSION
All-cause mortality was increased in men with sarcopenic obesity defined by WC, but not BMI and %BF. Sarcopenia was a stronger predictor of all-cause mortality in this cohort >70 y of age. These results suggest that anthropometric definitions for sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are clinically useful as a predictor of all-cause mortality.
['Sanada|Kiyoshi|K|', 'Chen|Randi|R|', 'Willcox|Bradley|B|', 'Ohara|Tomoyuki|T|', 'Wen|Aida|A|', 'Takenaka|Cody|C|', 'Masaki|Kamal|K|']
D050154:Adiposity D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D000886:Anthropometry D001213:Asian Americans D001823:Body Composition D015992:Body Mass Index D002423:Cause of Death D006254:Hawaii D006801:Humans D008297:Male D018482:Muscle, Skeletal D009765:Obesity D012307:Risk Factors D055948:Sarcopenia D055105:Waist Circumference
Obesity Mortality Age Sarcopenia Anthropometry