Update on Proteomic approaches to uncovering virus-induced protein alterations and virus -host protein interactions during the progression of viral infection.
INTRODUCTION
Viruses induce profound changes in the cells they infect. Understanding these perturbations will assist in designing better therapeutics to combat viral infection. System-based proteomic assays now provide unprecedented opportunity to monitor large numbers of cellular proteins.


AREAS COVERED
This review will describe various quantitative and functional mass spectrometry-based methods, and complementary non-mass spectrometry-based methods, such as aptamer profiling and proximity extension assays, and examples of how each are used to delineate how viruses affect host cells, identify which viral proteins interact with which cellular proteins, and how these change during the course of a viral infection. PubMed was searched multiple times prior to manuscript submissions and revisions, using virus, viral, proteomics; in combination with each keyword. The most recent examples of published works from each search were then analyzed.


EXPERT OPINION
There has been exponential growth in numbers and types of proteomic analyses in recent years. Continued development of reagents that allow increased multiplexing and deeper proteomic probing of the cell, at quantitative and functional levels, enhancements that target more important protein modifications, and improved bioinformatics software tools and pathway prediction algorithms will accelerate this growth and usher in a new era of host proteome understanding.
['Coombs|Kevin M|KM|']
D002853:Chromatography, Liquid D019295:Computational Biology D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions D006801:Humans D013058:Mass Spectrometry D020543:Proteome D040901:Proteomics D012984:Software D014764:Viral Proteins D014777:Virus Diseases
2d-DIGE Mass spectrometry abpp iTRAQ icat icpl interactome isotopic labeling olink peptide mass fingerprinting protein and peptide separations quantitative proteomics silac somascans tmt