Garcinia kola aqueous suspension prevents cerebellar neurodegeneration in long-term diabetic rat - a type 1 diabetes mellitus model.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
The development of compounds able to improve metabolic syndrome and mitigate complications caused by inappropriate glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus is challenging. The medicinal plant with established hypoglycemic properties Garcinia kola Heckel might have the potential to mitigate diabetes mellitus metabolic syndrome and complications.


AIM OF THE STUDY
We have investigated the neuroprotective properties of a suspension of G. kola seeds in long-term type 1 diabetes mellitus rat model.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Wistar rats, made diabetic by single injection of streptozotocin were monitored for 8 months. Then, they were administered with distilled water or G. kola oral aqueous suspension daily for 30 days. Body weight and glycemia were determined before and after treatment. After sacrifice, cerebella were dissected out and processed for stereological quantification of Purkinje cells. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of markers of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration were performed.


RESULTS
Purkinje cell counts were significantly increased, and histopathological signs of apoptosis and neuroinflammation decreased, in diabetic animals treated with G. kola compared to diabetic rats given distilled water. Glycemia was also markedly improved and body weight restored to non-diabetic control values, following G. kola treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that G. kola treatment improved the general condition of long-term diabetic rats and protected Purkinje cells partly by improving the systemic glycemia and mitigating neuroinflammation.
['Farahna|Mohammed|M|', 'Seke Etet|Paul F|PF|', 'Osman|Sayed Y|SY|', 'Yurt|Kıymet K|KK|', 'Amir|Naheed|N|', 'Vecchio|Lorella|L|', 'Aydin|Isınsu|I|', 'Aldebasi|Yousef H|YH|', 'Sheikh|Azimullah|A|', 'Chijuka|John C|JC|', 'Kaplan|Süleyman|S|', 'Adem|Abdu|A|']
D000818:Animals D017209:Apoptosis D001786:Blood Glucose D002526:Cerebellar Diseases D002531:Cerebellum D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies D029763:Garcinia kola D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents D009410:Nerve Degeneration D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation D018696:Neuroprotective Agents D008517:Phytotherapy D028321:Plant Preparations D010946:Plants, Medicinal D011689:Purkinje Cells D017208:Rats, Wistar D013311:Streptozocin D013997:Time Factors D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha D019014:fas Receptor
Garcinia kola Type 1 diabetes mellitus Medicinal plant Neuroprotection Purkinje cell Ataxia D-Glucose (PubChem CID: 5793) Streptozotocin (PubChem CID: 29327)