Prevalence of malnutrition and current use of nutrition support in patients with cancer.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The aim of this study was to evaluate on 1 day the prevalence of malnutrition in different types of cancer and the use of nutrition support in patients with cancer.


METHODS
A 1-day prevalence survey was carried out in 154 French hospital wards. Malnutrition was defined as a body mass index (BMI) <18.5 in patients <75 years old or <21 in patients ≥75 years old and/or body weight loss >10% since disease onset. Oral food intake was measured using a visual analog scale.


RESULTS
Nutrition status was collected for 1903 patients (1109 men and 794 women, 59.3 ± 13.2 years). Cancer was local in 25%, regional in 31%, and metastatic in 44% of patients. Performance status was 0 or 1 in 49.8%, 2 in 23.7%, 3 or 4 in 19.6% and not available in 6.5% of patients. Overall, 39% of patients were malnourished. The prevalence of malnutrition by disease site was as follows: head and neck, 48.9%; leukemia/lymphoma, 34.0%; lung, 45.3%; colon/rectum, 39.3%; esophagus and/or stomach, 60.2%; pancreas, 66.7%; breast, 20.5%; ovaries/uterus, 44.8%; and prostate, 13.9%. Regional cancer (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% confidence interval, 1.42-2.70), metastatic cancer (2.97; 2.14-4.12), previous chemotherapy (1.41; 1.05-1.89), and previous radiotherapy (1.53; 1.21-1.92) were associated with malnutrition. Only 28.4% of non-malnourished patients and 57.6% of malnourished patients received nutrition support. In all, 55% of patients stated that they were eating less than before the cancer, while 41.4% of patients stated that they had received nutrition counseling.


CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of malnutrition is high in patients with cancer, and systematic screening for and treatment of malnutrition is necessary.
['Hébuterne|Xavier|X|', 'Lemarié|Etienne|E|', 'Michallet|Mauricette|M|', 'de Montreuil|Claude Beauvillain|CB|', 'Schneider|Stéphane Michel|SM|', 'Goldwasser|François|F|']
D000368:Aged D015992:Body Mass Index D005260:Female D005500:Follow-Up Studies D006801:Humans D016015:Logistic Models D008297:Male D044342:Malnutrition D008875:Middle Aged D015999:Multivariate Analysis D009369:Neoplasms D009752:Nutritional Status D018529:Nutritional Support D015995:Prevalence D011446:Prospective Studies D015431:Weight Loss
malnutrition cancer screening enteral nutrition oral supplements parenteral nutrition