Cell cycle control by the target of rapamycin signalling pathway in plants.
Cells need to ensure a sufficient nutrient and energy supply before committing to proliferate. In response to positive mitogenic signals, such as light, sugar availability, and hormones, the target of rapamycin (TOR) signalling pathway promotes cell growth that connects to the entry and passage through the cell division cycle via multiple signalling mechanisms. Here, we summarize current understanding of cell cycle regulation by the RBR-E2F regulatory hub and the DREAM-like complexes, and highlight possible functional relationships between these regulators and TOR signalling. A genetic screen recently uncovered a downstream signalling component to TOR that regulates cell proliferation, YAK1, a member of the dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) family. YAK1 activates the plant-specific SIAMESE-RELATED (SMR) cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and therefore could be important to regulate both the CDKA-RBR-E2F pathway to control the G1/S transition and the mitotic CDKB1;1 to control the G2/M transition. TOR, as a master regulator of both protein synthesis-driven cell growth and cell proliferation is also central for cell size homeostasis. We conclude the review by briefly highlighting the potential applications of combining TOR and cell cycle knowledge in the context of ensuring future food security.
['Ahmad|Zaki|Z|', 'Magyar|Zoltán|Z|', 'Bögre|László|L|', 'Papdi|Csaba|C|']
D002453:Cell Cycle D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints D049109:Cell Proliferation D048429:Cell Size D050684:E2F Transcription Factors D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant D017343:Genes, Plant D018519:Meristem D063245:Plant Development D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases D015398:Signal Transduction D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
Cell cycle TOR DREAM E2F protein translation control retinoblastoma