Physiological and pathophysiological role of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
Nonsense-mediated messenger RNA (mRNA) decay (NMD) is a quality control mechanism that degrades irregular or faulty mRNAs. NMD mainly degrades mRNAs, which contain a premature termination codon (PTC) and therefore encode a truncated protein. Furthermore, NMD alters the expression of different types of cellular mRNAs, the so-called endogenous NMD substrates. In this review, we focus on the impact of NMD on cellular and molecular physiology. We specify key classes of NMD substrates and provide a detailed overview of the physiological function of gene regulation by NMD. We also describe different mechanisms of NMD substrate degradation and how the regulation of the NMD machinery affects cellular physiology. Finally, we outline the physiological functions of central NMD factors.
['Ottens|Franziska|F|', 'Gehring|Niels H|NH|']
D000818:Animals D006801:Humans D007109:Immunity D035683:MicroRNAs D059365:Nonsense Mediated mRNA Decay D010944:Plants D013312:Stress, Physiological D059467:Transcriptome
NMD Quality control Alternative splicing Gene expression Genetic disease Stress response