Basal Insulin Initiation and Maintenance in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the United States.
Objective
A survey of US adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus was conducted to better understand patients' insulin initiation experiences and treatment persistence behaviors.


Research Design and Methods
Participants were recruited from consumer panels and grouped by basal insulin treatment pattern: continuers (no gap of ≥7 days within 6 months of initiation); interrupters (gap ≥7 days, resumed treatment); discontinuers (stopped for ≥7 days, not resumed). A quota of approximately 50 respondents per persistence category was set.


Results
A total of 154 respondents (52 continuers, 52 interrupters, 50 discontinuers) completed the survey. Mean age was 51.4 years; 51.9% male. Continuers were more likely to report their views being considered during initiation, and less likely to report a sense of failure. Concerns included insulin dependence (64.3% agree/strongly agree), frequent blood glucose monitoring (55.2%), costs/ability to pay (53.9%), fears of or mistakes during self-injection (52.6%), and weight gain (52.6%). Continuers were motivated by benefits of insulin therapy; experienced or potential side effects were notable factors for interruption/discontinuation. Healthcare provider instruction was indicated as a reason for continuing, stopping, and restarting therapy.


Conclusion
Benefits of basal insulin therapy motivated continuers while side effects impacted interruption/discontinuation. Persistence on basal insulin is often influenced by provider actions. Earlier provider intervention upon signs of treatment discontinuation may promote persistence.
['Kalirai|Samaneh|S|', 'Ivanova|Jasmina I|JI|0000-0002-4028-9676', 'Perez-Nieves|Magaly|M|0000-0002-6264-1095', 'Stephenson|Judith J|JJ|0000-0003-2747-935X', 'Hadjiyianni|Irene|I|0000-0002-1472-9017', 'Grabner|Michael|M|0000-0002-6521-1007', 'Pollom|Roy Daniel|RD|', 'Geremakis|Caroline|C|', 'Reed|Beverly L|BL|', 'Fisher|Lawrence|L|0000-0001-9481-9727']
basal insulin type 2 diabetes mellitus medication persistence patient survey