Specific targeting of ovarian tumor-associated macrophages by large, anionic nanoparticles.
Immunotherapy is emerging as one of the most effective methods for treating many cancers. However, immunotherapy can still introduce significant off-target toxicity, and methods are sought to enable targeted immunotherapy at tumor sites. Here, we show that relatively large (>100-nm) anionic nanoparticles administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) selectively accumulate in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In a mouse model of metastatic ovarian cancer, fluorescently labeled silica, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), and polystyrene nanoparticles administered i.p. were all found to selectively accumulate in TAMs. Quantifying silica particle uptake indicated that >80% of the injected dose was in TAMs. Particles that were smaller than 100 nm or cationic or administered intravenously (i.v.) showed no TAM targeting. Moreover, this phenomenon is likely to occur in humans because when freshly excised human surgical samples were treated with the fluorescent silica nanoparticles no interaction with healthy tissue was seen but selective uptake by TAMs was seen in 13 different patient samples. Ovarian cancer is a deadly disease that afflicts ∼22,000 women per year in the United States, and the presence of immunosuppressive TAMs at tumors is correlated with decreased survival. The ability to selectively target TAMs opens the door to targeted immunotherapy for ovarian cancer.
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D000818:Animals D016503:Drug Delivery Systems D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007167:Immunotherapy D008264:Macrophages D008819:Mice, Nude D053758:Nanoparticles D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms D011137:Polystyrenes
tumor-associated macrophages nanoparticles ovarian cancer intraperitoneal therapy