Risk factors influencing ascending testis after laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure for pediatric inguinal hernia and hydrocele.
BACKGROUND
We investigated the risk factors influencing ascending testis following laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure (LPEC) for inguinal hernia or hydrocele.


METHODS
Boys undergoing LPEC between 2014 and 2018 had their medical records and operative movies reviewed. Group A patients required orchiopexy after LPEC. Group B patients did not. Their baseline characteristics were reviewed. The path of the LPEC needle (not crossing the spermatic duct at first circuit [Not Crossing]), whether the second entry of the LPEC needle was different from the first hole (Different Hole), peritoneal injury requiring re-ligation (Re-ligation), and hematoma (Hematoma) were evaluated. The quantitative factors of significant difference were set as a cut-off value.


RESULTS
There were 5 patients (7 sides) in Group A and 162 patients (237 sides) in Group B. Birth weight was lower in Group A (p = 0.035). Not Crossing was 7 sides (100%) in Group A and 97 sides (41%) in Group B (p = 0.002). Hematoma was 2 sides (29%) in Group A and 11 sides (5%) in Group B (p = 0.047). Cut-off value of birth weight was 932 g (AUC 0.78).


CONCLUSION
Birth weight < 932 g and operative findings (not crossing over the spermatic duct on the first circuit and hematoma) indicated an increased risk of ascending testis after LPEC.
['Obayashi|Juma|J|', 'Wakisaka|Munechika|M|', 'Tanaka|Kunihide|K|', 'Furuta|Shigeyuki|S|', 'Ohyama|Kei|K|', 'Kitagawa|Hiroaki|H|']
D002675:Child, Preschool D006552:Hernia, Inguinal D059685:Herniorrhaphy D006801:Humans D015994:Incidence D007564:Japan D010535:Laparoscopy D008297:Male D061646:Operative Time D056126:Orchiopexy D011183:Postoperative Complications D012307:Risk Factors D013733:Testicular Diseases D006848:Testicular Hydrocele D016896:Treatment Outcome D014741:Video Recording
Ascending testis Inguinal hernia Laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure (LPEC) Postoperative complication