Effects of compatibility of deproteinized antler cancellous bone with various bioactive factors on their osteogenic potential.
Combinations of calcium phosphate scaffolds and bioactive factors are promising niche-mimetic solutions for repairing large-sized bone defects. However, the importance of compatibility between scaffolds and bioactive factors on their osteogenic outcomes has been largely ignored. This study aimed to investigate the compatibility of calcinated antler cancellous bone (CACB) scaffolds with various bioactive factors including icariin (ICA), velvet antler polypeptides (VAP) or recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) as well as their combinational osteogenic potential in vitro and in vivo. Scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the uniform distribution and chemical stability of the reagents on CABC. In vitro release profiles showed relative steady release of ICA from ICA/CACB, burst VAP release from VAP/CACB, and minimal rhBMP-2 release from rhBMP-2/CACB composites. When compared with VAP and rhBMP-2, incorporation of ICA within CACB resulted in most increased cell attachment, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, osteogenic gene expression, and mineralization of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In rabbit mandible critical-sized defects, the most extensive osteogenesis and neovascularization were observed in the ICA/CACB group. Differences between the VAP/CACB and rhBMP-2/CACB groups were not apparent. Interestingly, low pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6) and high anti-inflammatory (IL-10) mRNA levels were observed at scaffold implantation sites which were in close association with amount of new bone formation. These findings highlight that the compatibility between scaffolds and bioactive factors should been taken into account when considering the formula of optimized bone defect repair.
['Zhang|Xuehui|X|', 'Xu|Mingming|M|', 'Song|Lin|L|', 'Wei|Yan|Y|', 'Lin|Yuanhua|Y|', 'Liu|Wentao|W|', 'Heng|Boon C|BC|', 'Peng|Hui|H|', 'Wang|Ying|Y|', 'Deng|Xuliang|X|']
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase D000818:Animals D000999:Antlers D001672:Biocompatible Materials D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 D001842:Bone and Bones D002113:Calcification, Physiologic D002454:Cell Differentiation D049109:Cell Proliferation D048430:Cell Shape D003670:Deer D005419:Flavonoids D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008334:Mandible D008422:Materials Testing D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells D010012:Osteogenesis D010455:Peptides D011506:Proteins D011817:Rabbits D051381:Rats D011994:Recombinant Proteins D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
Compatibility Antler Osteogenic potential Icariin VAP rhBMP-2