Whey Protein Combined with Low Dietary Fiber Improves Lipid Profile in Subjects with Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.
Abdominal obesity is associated with elevated postprandial triglycerides (TG), an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies show that whey protein (WP) and dietary fiber may separately reduce postprandial TG. However, few studies have investigated the long-term effects of WP and dietary fiber on postprandial TG. We aimed to investigate the separate and combined long-term effects of WP and dietary fiber from wheat bran on postprandial TG and markers of lipid metabolism in subjects with abdominal obesity. We conducted a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel intervention study. In a 2 × 2 factorial design, 73 adults were randomized to receive 60 g/day of either WP hydrolysate or maltodextrin (MD) combined with high-fiber wheat bran products (HiFi; 30 g dietary fiber/day) or low-fiber refined wheat products (LoFi; 10 g dietary fiber/day). A high-fat meal test was conducted before and after the intervention. Sixty-five subjects were included in the final analyses. There were no differences between intervention groups in postprandial TG assessed as incremental area under the curve (iAUC). WP-LoFi had reduced postprandial TG assessed as total area under the curve (tAUC) and reduced fasting TG compared with all other groups, and reduced fasting apolipoprotein B-48 compared with MD-LoFi. There were no changes in lipoprotein lipase activity. Total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B-100 were reduced after WP intake compared with MD. Total cholesterol was increased after HiFi intake compared with LoFi. In conclusion, intake of WP in combination with low-fiber cereal products for 12 weeks had beneficial effects on postprandial TG tAUC and fasting TG, but not on postprandial TG iAUC in subjects with abdominal obesity. Combining WP with high-fiber wheat bran products did not improve lipid profile.
['Rakvaag|Elin|E|0000-0002-7140-1034', 'Fuglsang-Nielsen|Rasmus|R|', 'Bach Knudsen|Knud Erik|KE|0000-0001-8345-9236', 'Landberg|Rikard|R|', 'Johannesson Hjelholt|Astrid|A|', 'Søndergaard|Esben|E|0000-0001-8041-6994', 'Hermansen|Kjeld|K|0000-0002-0148-6394', 'Gregersen|Søren|S|']
D000328:Adult D000368:Aged D001786:Blood Glucose D004043:Dietary Fiber D005260:Female D005934:Glucagon D006801:Humans D007328:Insulin D008055:Lipids D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D056128:Obesity, Abdominal D000067816:Whey Proteins
whey protein dietary fiber abdominal obesity triglycerides postprandial lipemia