Cytoplasmic p21(CIP1/WAF1), ERK1/2 activation, and cytoskeletal remodeling are associated with the senescence-like phenotype after airborne particulate matter (PM(10)) exposure in lung cells.
The exposure to particulate matter with a mean aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) from urban zones is considered to be a risk factor in the development of cancer. The aim of this work was to determine if PM10 exposure induces factors related to the acquisition of a neoplastic phenotype, such as cytoskeletal remodeling, changes in the subcellular localization of p21(CIP1/WAF1), an increase in β-galactosidase activity and changes in cell cycle. To test our hypothesis, PM10 from an industrial zone (IZ) and a commercial zone (CZ) were collected, and human adenocarcinoma lung cell cultures (A549) were exposed to a sublethal PM10 concentration (10 μg/cm(2)) for 24 h and 48 h. The results showed that PM10 exposure induced an increase in F-actin stress fibers and caused the cytoplasmic stabilization of p21(CIP1/WAF1) via phosphorylation at Thr(145) and Ser(146) and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 on Thr(202). Changes in the cell cycle or apoptosis were not observed, but an increase in β-galactosidase activity was detected. The PM10 from CZ caused more dramatic effects in lung cells. We conclude that PM10 exposure induced cytoplasmic p21(CIP1/WAF1) retention, ERK1/2 activation, cytoskeleton remodeling and the acquisition of a senescence-like phenotype in lung cells. These alterations could have mechanistic implications regarding the carcinogenic potential of PM10.
['Sánchez-Pérez|Yesennia|Y|', 'Chirino|Yolanda I|YI|', 'Osornio-Vargas|Álvaro Román|ÁR|', 'Herrera|Luis A|LA|', 'Morales-Bárcenas|Rocío|R|', 'López-Saavedra|Alejandro|A|', 'González-Ramírez|Imelda|I|', 'Miranda|Javier|J|', 'García-Cuellar|Claudia María|CM|']
D000199:Actins D045744:Cell Line, Tumor D049109:Cell Proliferation D002470:Cell Survival D016922:Cellular Senescence D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 D003593:Cytoplasm D003599:Cytoskeleton D004789:Enzyme Activation D006801:Humans D008168:Lung D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 D010316:Particle Size D052638:Particulate Matter D010641:Phenotype D010766:Phosphorylation D015398:Signal Transduction D022502:Stress Fibers D013997:Time Factors D001616:beta-Galactosidase
Senescence-like Particulate matter PM(10) Cytoskeleton remodeling p21(CIP1/WAF1) cytoplasmic