Modulation of TIM-3 expression on NK and T cell subsets in HIV immunological non-responders.
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of HIV infection sustains viral suppression and increases CD4(+) T cells in HIV patients. However, in 10-25% of subjects, known as immunological non-responders (INRs), HAART does not increase CD4 count. We investigated a potential role for galectin-9 and TIM-3 in INRs as galectin-9 and TIM-3 have been described to modulate NK and T cell function. PBMCs were isolated from healthy controls, HIV immunological responders (IRs, >350CD4(+) cells/mm(3)) and HIV INRs (<350CD4(+) cells/mm(3)) and TIM-3 and galectin-9 expressions on NK cell subsets and CD4(+) T cells were assessed. HIV INRs and HIV IRs showed increased galectin-9 expression on CD16(-)CD56(bright) and CD16(+)CD56(+) NK cells and CD4(+) T cells. Only HIV INRs showed a reduced frequency of TIM-3-expressing CD16(+)CD56(+), CD16(+)CD56(-) and CD4(+) cells, which correlated with low peripheral CD4 counts. These data suggest that TIM-3 expression may be characteristic for HIV INRs.
['de Kivit|Sander|S|', 'Lempsink|Ludwijn J R|LJ|', 'Plants|Jill|J|', 'Martinson|Jeffrey|J|', 'Keshavarzian|Ali|A|', 'Landay|Alan L|AL|']
D000328:Adult D000368:Aged D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes D005260:Female D005434:Flow Cytometry D037161:Galectins D005786:Gene Expression Regulation D015658:HIV Infections D000072597:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 D006801:Humans D007694:Killer Cells, Natural D008297:Male D008565:Membrane Proteins D008875:Middle Aged
TIM-3 HIV Immunological non-responders CD4(+) T cell Galectin-9 NK cells