Anti-Trypanosoma activity of bioactive metabolites from Photorhabdus luminescens and Xenorhabdus nematophila.
Only two drugs are currently available for the treatment of Chagas disease and their effectiveness are unsatisfactory. Photorhabdus luminescens and Xenorhabdus nematophila, two enteric bacteria highly pathogenic to a broad range of insects, have been studied as potential source for bioactive metabolites against protozoa causing neglected tropical diseases. Therefore, we tested the in vitro anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of secreted metabolites from these bacteria. The conditioned medium of X. nematophila and P. luminescens showed significant parasiticidal activity in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50XN = 0.34 mg/mL, IC50PL = 1.0 mg/mL). The parasiticidal compound was identified as a small molecule stable to heating and pH changes ranging from 2 to 12. Moreover, anti-Trypanosoma molecules secreted by both bacteria stimulate the trypanocidal activity of macrophages by a mechanism independent of nitric oxide. Summarizing, our studies reveal that P. luminescens and X. nematophila are potential sources of putative novel drugs against Chagas disease.
['Antonello|Ana Maria|AM|', 'Sartori|Thaís|T|', 'Silva|Matheus Brasil|MB|', 'Prophiro|Josiane Somariva|JS|', 'Pinge-Filho|Phileno|P|', 'Heermann|Ralf|R|', 'da Silva|Onilda Santos|OS|', 'Romão|Pedro Roosevelt Torres|PRT|']
D000704:Analysis of Variance D000818:Animals D001426:Bacterial Proteins D001681:Biological Assay D014355:Chagas Disease D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned D019286:Endopeptidase K D006801:Humans D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50 D020637:Photorhabdus D013696:Temperature D014344:Trypanocidal Agents D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi D020593:Xenorhabdus
Chagas disease Trypanocidal activity Macrophages Entomopathogenic bacteria Secondary metabolites