Development and preliminary testing of the quality of spiritual care scale.
CONTEXT
The provision of spiritual care is considered a key element of hospice and palliative care, but there is a paucity of empirically developed quality-of-care measures in this domain.


OBJECTIVES
To describe the development and reliability and validity of the Quality of Spiritual Care (QSC) scale in family caregivers.


METHODS
We conducted analyses of interviews conducted that included the QSC scale with family members of residents who died in long-term care settings taken after the resident had died. To determine reliability and validity of the QSC scale, we examined internal consistency, concurrent construct validity, and factor analysis with promax rotation.


RESULTS
Of 165 family caregivers of decedents who were asked whether they received spiritual care, 91 (55%) responded yes, and 89 of these (98%) completed at least 80% of the QSC items. Two items (i.e., satisfaction with and value of spiritual care) were perfectly correlated so the latter item was dropped in scale development. Factor analysis identified two factors, personal spiritual enrichment (mean pattern matrix loading = 0.77) and relationship enrichment (mean pattern matrix loading = 0.72). Reliability analysis yielded a Cronbach's alpha of 0.87, and item-total correlations for all items were in excess of 0.55. Preliminary validity of the QSC was supported by significant and expected correlations in both direction and magnitude with items from validated instruments conceptually associated with the quality of spiritual care.


CONCLUSION
Preliminary testing of the QSC scale suggests that it is a valid and reliable outcome measure of the quality of spiritual care at the end of life.
['Daaleman|Timothy P|TP|', 'Reed|David|D|', 'Cohen|Lauren W|LW|', 'Zimmerman|Sheryl|S|']
D017028:Caregivers D005190:Family D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007407:Interviews as Topic D008134:Long-Term Care D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D010166:Palliative Care D011787:Quality of Health Care D015203:Reproducibility of Results D029181:Spirituality D013727:Terminal Care
spiritual care measurement end of life Quality of care