Contributions of the intestinal microbiome in lung immunity.
The intestine is a critical site of immune cell development that not only controls intestinal immunity but extra-intestinal immunity as well. Recent findings have highlighted important roles for gut microbiota in shaping lung inflammation. Here, we discuss interactions between the microbiota and immune system including T cells, protective effects of microbiota on lung infections, the role of diet in shaping the composition of gut microbiota and susceptibility to asthma, epidemiologic evidence implicating antibiotic use and microbiota in asthma and clinical trials investigating probiotics as potential treatments for atopy and asthma. The systemic effects of gut microbiota are partially attributed to their generating metabolites including short chain fatty acids, which can suppress lung inflammation through the activation of G protein-coupled receptors. Thus, studying the interactions between microbiota and immune cells can lead to the identification of therapeutic targets for chronic lower respiratory diseases.
['McAleer|Jeremy P|JP|', 'Kolls|Jay K|JK|0000-0001-5151-6304']
D000818:Animals D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents D001249:Asthma D064806:Dysbiosis D004789:Enzyme Activation D005227:Fatty Acids D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome D006801:Humans D007422:Intestines D008168:Lung D011014:Pneumonia D019936:Probiotics D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
Intestine Microbiota T cell Diet Asthma