Prevalence of arbovirus antibodies in young healthy adult population in Brazil.
BACKGROUND
The emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases are a cause for worldwide concern. The introduction of Zika and Chikungunya diseases in the Americas has exposed unforeseen medical and logistical challenges for public health systems. Moreover, the lack of preventive measures and vaccination against known and emerging mosquito-transmitted pathogens, and the occurrence of unanticipated clinical complications, has had an enormous social and economic impact on the affected populations. In this study, we aimed to measure the seroprevalence of endemic and emerging viral pathogens in military personnel stationed in Manaus, Amazonas state.


METHODS
We measured the seropositivity of antibodies against 19 endemic and emerging viruses in a healthy military personnel group using a hemagglutination inhibition assay (HIA).


RESULTS
Overall, DENV positivity was 60.4%, and 30.9% of the individuals reacted against ZIKV. Also, 46.6%, 54.7%, 51.3% and 48.7% individuals reacted against West Nile virus (WNV), Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), Ilheus virus (ILHV) and Rocio virus (ROCV), respectively. Individuals with high DENV HIA titer reacted more frequently with ZIKV or WNV compared to those with low HIA titers. Observed cross-reactivity between Flaviviruses varied depending on the virus serogroup. Additionally, 0.6% and 0.3% individuals were seropositive for Oropouche virus (OROV) and Catu virus (CATUV) from the family Peribunyaviridae, respectively. All samples were negative for Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEEV), Western Equine Encephalomyelitis virus (WEEV), Mayaro virus (MAYV), Mucambo virus (MUCV) and CHIKV from the family Togaviridae.


CONCLUSIONS
A high proportion of individuals in our high-risk population (~ 60%) lacked antibodies against major endemic and emerging viruses, which makes them susceptible for further infections. Military personnel serving in the Amazon region could serve as sentinels to strengthen global infectious disease surveillance, particularly in remote areas.
['Salgado|Bárbara Batista|BB|', 'de Jesus Maués|Fábio Carmona|FC|', 'Pereira|Renato Lemos|RL|', 'Chiang|Jannifer Oliveira|JO|', 'de Oliveira Freitas|Maria Nazaré|MN|', 'Ferreira|Milene Silveira|MS|', 'Martins|Lívia Caricio|LC|', 'da Costa Vasconcelos|Pedro Fernando|PF|', 'Ganoza|Christian|C|', 'Lalwani|Pritesh|P|']
D000328:Adult D000367:Age Factors D000914:Antibodies, Viral D001102:Arbovirus Infections D001103:Arboviruses D001938:Brazil D003716:Dengue Virus D064368:Healthy Volunteers D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D008889:Military Personnel D015995:Prevalence D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies D014902:West Nile virus D055815:Young Adult D000071244:Zika Virus D000071243:Zika Virus Infection
Arbovirus Public health Seroprevalence Military personnel Hemagglutination inhibition assay Cross-reactivity