New advances in antiangiogenic combination therapeutic strategies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
PURPOSE
Tumor growth relies on the sufficient blood supply and continuously requires new blood vessels to maintain, which lead to vascular abnormalities (Folkman, N Engl J Med 285:1182-1186, 1971). Antiangiogenic therapy has emerged with the goal of normalizing vasculature and tumor microenvironment (TME). Some antiangiogenic therapies combined with chemotherapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy have been approved for clinical application. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of antiangiogenic combination therapeutic strategies in advanced NSCLC.


METHODS
References of this review are searched through PubMed and EMBASE and the abstracts of cancer conferences. The ClinicalTrials.gov database was used for relative trials.


RESULTS
Based on different mechanisms, antiangiogenic agents can be divided into monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which mainly include bevacizumab and ramucirumab, and multi-target antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) which include sunitinib, sorafenib, nintedanib, apatinib, anlotinib, fruquintinib, etc. In recent years, a number of large clinical studies have shown that antiangiogenic agents have conferred a significant overall survival (OS) benefit to patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). More and more evidences confirm that the combination of antiangiogenic agents with chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy can improve the effect and prolong the survival of NSCLC patients. However, many problems about the application of antiangiogenic agents on advanced NSCLC patients still need to be explored. For example, the combination therapy of multi-target antiangiogenic agents is just beginning, and the biomarkers are not clear.


CONCLUSIONS
Antiangiogenic agents can achieve therapeutic benefit in advanced NSCLC patients and the combination of chemotherapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy can lead to synergistic effect. However, exploring the best combination therapy and efficacy-related biomarkers needs further study.
['Qiang|Huiping|H|', 'Chang|Qing|Q|', 'Xu|Jianlin|J|', 'Qian|Jialin|J|', 'Zhang|Yanwei|Y|', 'Lei|Yuqiong|Y|', 'Han|Baohui|B|', 'Chu|Tianqing|T|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-0383']
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung D006801:Humans D008175:Lung Neoplasms D008495:Medical Oncology
Chemotherapy Targeted therapy Immunotherapy NSCLC Anti-angiogenesis