Comparative Lipidomic Study of Human Milk from Different Lactation Stages and Milk Formulas.
In this report, we present a detailed comparison of the lipid composition of human milk (HM) and formula milk (FM) targeting different lactation stages and infant age range. We studied HM samples collected from 26 Polish mothers from colostrum to 19 months of lactation, along with FM from seven brands available on the Polish market (infant formula, follow-on formula and growing-up formula). Lipid extracts were analysed using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS). We found that the lipid composition of FM deviates significantly from the HM lipid profile in terms of qualitative and quantitative differences. FM had contrasting lipid profiles mostly across brands and accordingly to the type of fat added but not specific to the target age range. The individual differences were dominant in HM; however, differences according to the lactation stage were also observed, especially between colostrum and HM collected in other lactation stages. Biologically and nutritionally important lipids, such as long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) containing lipid species, sphingomyelines or ether analogues of glycerophosphoethanoloamines were detected in HM collected in all studied lactation stages. The observed differences concerned all the major HM lipid classes and highlight the importance of the detailed compositional studies of both HM and FM.
['Hewelt-Belka|Weronika|W|0000-0002-1990-2130', 'Garwolińska|Dorota|D|0000-0001-9572-6039', 'Młynarczyk|Michał|M|', 'Kot-Wasik|Agata|A|']
D000328:Adult D000367:Age Factors D003126:Colostrum D004041:Dietary Fats D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated D005260:Female D005504:Food Analysis D006801:Humans D007223:Infant D041943:Infant Formula D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena D007231:Infant, Newborn D007774:Lactation D008055:Lipids D008297:Male D008895:Milk, Human D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines D013109:Sphingomyelins D055815:Young Adult
lipidomics human milk lactation milk formula infant formula breastfeeding foodomics human milk composition human milk lipid composition infant feeding infant nutrition