Pulmonaria obscura and Pulmonaria officinalis Extracts as Mitigators of Peroxynitrite-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors-In Vitro and In Silico Studies.
The Pulmonaria species (lungwort) are edible plants and traditional remedies for different disorders of the respiratory system. Our work covers a comparative study on biological actions in human blood plasma and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) -inhibitory properties of plant extracts (i.e., phenolic-rich fractions) originated from aerial parts of P. obscura Dumort. and P. officinalis L. Phytochemical profiling demonstrated the abundance of phenolic acids and their derivatives (over 80% of the isolated fractions). Danshensu conjugates with caffeic acid, i.e., rosmarinic, lithospermic, salvianolic, monardic, shimobashiric and yunnaneic acids were identified as predominant components. The examined extracts (1-100 µg/mL) partly prevented harmful effects of the peroxynitrite-induced oxidative stress in blood plasma (decreased oxidative damage to blood plasma components and improved its non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity). The cellular safety of the extracts was confirmed in experimental models of blood platelets and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. COX-2 inhibitor screening evidently suggested a stronger activity of P. officinalis (IC50 of 13.28 and 7.24 µg/mL, in reaction with synthetic chromogen and physiological substrate (arachidonic acid), respectively). In silico studies on interactions of main components of the Pulmonaria extracts with the COX-2 demonstrated the abilities of ten compounds to bind with the enzyme, including rosmarinic acid, menisdaurin, globoidnan A and salvianolic acid H.
['Krzyżanowska-Kowalczyk|Justyna|J|0000-0003-0811-5235', 'Kowalczyk|Mariusz|M|0000-0001-7454-4762', 'Ponczek|Michał B|MB|0000-0002-0839-8004', 'Pecio|Łukasz|Ł|0000-0002-7407-6716', 'Nowak|Paweł|P|', 'Kolodziejczyk-Czepas|Joanna|J|0000-0001-8849-1067']
D003198:Computer Simulation D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors D006801:Humans D066298:In Vitro Techniques D007773:Lactates D008958:Models, Molecular D008968:Molecular Conformation D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation D018384:Oxidative Stress D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid D010636:Phenols D064209:Phytochemicals D035261:Plant Components, Aerial D010936:Plant Extracts D010949:Plasma D029685:Pulmonaria
Pulmonaria cyclooxygenase-2 blood plasma antioxidant menisdaurin anti-inflammatory peroxynitrite salvianolic acid H