Quantitative correlation of mechanoreceptors in tibial remnant of ruptured human anterior cruciate ligament with duration of injury and its significance: an immunohistochemistry-based observational study.
BACKGROUND
Proprioception is a specialized sensory modality encompassing the movement of the joint and its position in space. Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) does not always yield expected outcome, suggesting that successful reconstruction depends on not only the ultimate strength of the graft but also recovery of proprioception. Treatment delay is a significant concern in developing countries, e.g., in Asia. Thus, presence of mechanoreceptors is one of the factors having paramount importance for successful outcome. We conducted this study to identify mechanoreceptors via immunohistochemical staining and correlate their presence with duration of injury.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 38 injured native ACL stumps were harvested from patients undergoing ACL reconstruction and stained with neurofilament protein stain to detect functional mechanoreceptors.


RESULTS
Of the specimens, 44.7% stained positive for monoclonal antibody. No association was found between duration of injury and presence of mechanoreceptors (p = 0.897). No correlation was seen between age and side.


CONCLUSIONS
No correlation was found between duration of injury and presence of viable mechanoreceptors, hence it is beneficial to preserve the native ACL stump irrespective of the time interval between injury and surgery.


LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
III.
['Nayak|Mayur|M|', 'Nag|H L|HL|', 'Gaba|Sahil|S|', 'Nag|T C|TC|', 'Sharma|Saurabh|S|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007150:Immunohistochemistry D008297:Male D008465:Mechanoreceptors D016900:Neurofilament Proteins D011434:Proprioception D061665:Time-to-Treatment D055815:Young Adult
Mechanoreceptors Proprioception Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Immunohistochemistry Neurofilament protein (NFP)