Parent-adolescent congruence in phubbing and adolescents' depressive symptoms: A moderated polynomial regression with response surface analyses.
BACKGROUND
With the widespread of smartphones, there is an increased interest in exploring the influences of phubbing in modern society. However, little research has examined the impact of parent phubbing (Pphubbing) or adolescent phubbing (Aphubbing) on adolescent development. This conceptual and empirical work aims to explore the unique and joint impacts of Pphubbing and Aphubbing on adolescents' depressive symptoms.


METHOD
Participants were 3322 students from 64 classes of a senior high school. The data were analyzed with polynomial regressions and response surface analyses.


RESULTS
The results showed that Pphubbing was positively related to Aphubbing. Pphubbing and Aphubbing were both positively associated with adolescents' depressive symptoms. In addition, when Pphubbing and Aphubbing were in congruence, adolescents' depressive symptoms would increase as the former two increased. Moreover, adolescents' depressive symptoms would decrease as the discrepancy between parent and adolescent increased. Meanwhile, attachment avoidance moderated the congruence and incongruence effects of parent-adolescent phubbing on adolescents' depressive symptoms.


LIMITATIONS
This study used cross-sectional data, which cannot infer causality.


CONCLUSION
The effect between parent-adolescent congruence in phubbing and adolescents' depressive symptoms is significant, and it is moderated by attachment avoidance.
['Bai|Qiyu|Q|', 'Lei|Li|L|', 'Hsueh|Fang-Hsuan|FH|', 'Yu|Xiaoqi|X|', 'Hu|Huahua|H|', 'Wang|Xingchao|X|', 'Wang|Pengcheng|P|']
D000293:Adolescent D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D003863:Depression D006801:Humans D010287:Parent-Child Relations D010290:Parents D013334:Students
Phubbing Attachment avoidance Adolescents’ depressive symptoms Moderating effect Polynomial regression analysis