What happens to children who move off the autism spectrum? Clinical follow-up study.
BACKGROUND
There is controversial information on outcome of school age individuals who lose the diagnosis of autism and achieve "optimal outcome" (OO). The present study assessed the autism symptoms and other psychiatric disorders in a group of children with a past history of autism.


METHODS
The subjects consisted of 26 individuals who had lost the diagnosis of autism 2-8 years previously. Clinical assessment was done with both parents and children. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edn; DSM-V) criteria were used for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In addition, Childhood Autism Rating Scale and Social Communication Questionnaire (current version) were used. Psychiatric disorders were assessed using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL).


RESULTS
None of the participants met the criteria for ASD. Ninety-two percent had a lifetime diagnosis and 81% had a present psychiatric disorder based on the K-SADS. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, specific phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder were the most common disorders.


CONCLUSIONS
Improved status with regard to autism symptomatology is maintained over time, but these individuals are vulnerable to developing other psychiatric disorders. It is crucial to maintain psychiatric follow up of children who move off the autism spectrum.
['Mukaddes|Nahit Motavalli|NM|', 'Mutluer|Tuba|T|', 'Ayik|Basak|B|', 'Umut|Ayla|A|']
D000293:Adolescent D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder D002648:Child D002675:Child, Preschool D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders D005260:Female D005500:Follow-Up Studies D006801:Humans D007223:Infant D008297:Male D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales D016896:Treatment Outcome
autism optimal outcome psychiatric disorder follow up