Identification of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in rivers: insights into the cultivation bias.
In the present study, the antimicrobial resistant (AR) bacteria were quantified and identified in different river samples using in parallel a culture-based approach and a culture-independent one. The objective was to evaluate the importance of the cultivation bias when studying antimicrobial resistance among environmental bacteria. Three different river samples covering a gradient of anthropic influence were tested and three different antimicrobial compounds were used as selective agents: amoxicillin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole. From a quantitative point of view, our results highlight the importance of the culture media used, as for the same sample and the same selective agent significant differences were observed in the counts of culturable AR bacteria depending on the culture media used. The identification of AR bacteria through culture or culture-independent methods put on evidence AR bacterial communities that differ dramatically: γ-proteobacteria and more specifically Aeromonadaceae dominated among the isolates while β-proteobacteria (Comamonadaceae), dominated among the sequences obtained without culture. Altogether these results highlight the necessity to develop a methodological consensus preferably without culture, to approach this important topic in the coming years.
['Garcia-Armisen|Tamara|T|', 'Anzil|Adriana|A|', 'Cornelis|Pierre|P|', 'Chevreuil|Marc|M|', 'Servais|Pierre|P|']
D044044:Aeromonadaceae D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents D001431:Bacteriological Techniques D020562:Betaproteobacteria D003470:Culture Media D058645:Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial D005602:France D020563:Gammaproteobacteria D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests D010802:Phylogeny D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S D045483:Rivers D012722:Sewage D014871:Water Microbiology D014876:Water Pollution
Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobials Bacterial community composition Sewage polluted river