Insulin resistance in pregnant women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome, and measures of body composition in offspring at birth and three years of age.
INTRODUCTION
Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with obesity and insulin resistance in the non-pregnant state, but little is known about insulin sensitivity in the pregnant state. Our objective was to compare insulin resistance in pregnant women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome and explore the impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on body composition in offspring at birth and at three years of age.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
A prospective cohort study including 2548 live-born singleton mother-child pairs residing in Odense municipality, Denmark, during 2010-2013. Of the 2548 women, 241 (9.4%) had polycystic ovary syndrome.


RESULTS
Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance assessments were comparable in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome. However, the subgroup of overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome had significantly higher levels of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance than overweight women without polycystic ovary syndrome (mean ± 2 SD): 4.4 (3.1) vs. 3.6 (3.4), p = 0.004. Maternal polycystic ovary syndrome did not affect offspring birthweight after accounting for age. However, polycystic ovary syndrome, adjusted for maternal body mass index, was associated with increased body mass index at three years of age (mean ± 2 SD): 16.0 (2.2) vs. 15.7 (2.1) kg/m2 , p = 0.04.


CONCLUSION
In our cohort, maternal polycystic ovary syndrome was not associated with insulin resistance after correcting for body mass index and was not an independent predictor of offspring birthweight. However, both polycystic ovary syndrome and high maternal body mass index may increase risk of childhood obesity at three years of age.
['Finnbogadóttir|Sara K|SK|http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0898-0157', 'Glintborg|Dorte|D|', 'Jensen|Tina K|TK|', 'Kyhl|Henriette B|HB|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-2478', 'Nohr|Ellen A|EA|', 'Andersen|Marianne|M|']
D000328:Adult D001823:Body Composition D015992:Body Mass Index D002675:Child, Preschool D003718:Denmark D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007231:Infant, Newborn D007333:Insulin Resistance D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome D011247:Pregnancy D011446:Prospective Studies
insulin resistance Polycystic ovary syndrome offspring homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance pregnancy