Evaluation of Swallow Function in Patients with Craniofacial Microsomia: A Retrospective Study.
Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is characterized by underdevelopment of the structures derived from the first and second pharyngeal arches resulting in aesthetic, psychological, and functional problems including feeding and swallowing difficulties. The aim of this study is to gain more insight into swallowing difficulties in patients with CFM. A retrospective study was conducted in the population of patients diagnosed with CFM at three major craniofacial units. Patients with feeding difficulties and those who underwent video fluoroscopic swallow (VFS) studies were included for further analyses. The outcome of the VFS-studies was reviewed with regard to the four phases of swallowing. In our cohort, 13.5% of the 755 patients were diagnosed with swallowing difficulties. The outcome of the VFS-studies of 42 patients showed difficulties in the oral and pharyngeal phases with both thin and thick liquids. Patients with more severe mandibular hypoplasia showed more difficulties to form an appropriate bolus compared to patients who were less severely affected. This is the first study to document swallowing problems in patients with CFM. Difficulties were seen in both the oral and pharyngeal phases. We recommend routine screening for swallowing issues by a speech and language therapist in all patients with CFM and to obtain a VFS-study in patients with a type III mandible.
['van de Lande|Lara S|LS|', 'Caron|Cornelia J J M|CJJM|', 'Pluijmers|Britt I|BI|', 'Joosten|Koen F M|KFM|', 'Streppel|Marloes|M|', 'Dunaway|David J|DJ|', 'Koudstaal|Maarten J|MJ|', 'Padwa|Bonnie L|BL|']
D002648:Child D003679:Deglutition D003680:Deglutition Disorders D005260:Female D006053:Goldenhar Syndrome D006801:Humans D008297:Male D009426:Netherlands D012189:Retrospective Studies D006113:United Kingdom D014481:United States
Swallow function Craniofacial microsomia Feeding difficulties Dysphagia Hemifacial microsomia Modified barium swallow test