Impact of Abiotic Stresses on Plant Virus Transmission by Aphids.
Plants regularly encounter abiotic constraints, and plant response to stress has been a focus of research for decades. Given increasing global temperatures and elevated atmospheric CO2 levels and the occurrence of water stress episodes driven by climate change, plant biochemistry, in particular, plant defence responses, may be altered significantly. Environmental factors also have a wider impact, shaping viral transmission processes that rely on a complex set of interactions between, at least, the pathogen, the vector, and the host plant. This review considers how abiotic stresses influence the transmission and spread of plant viruses by aphid vectors, mainly through changes in host physiology status, and summarizes the latest findings in this research field. The direct effects of climate change and severe weather events that impact the feeding behaviour of insect vectors as well as the major traits (e.g., within-host accumulation, disease severity and transmission) of viral plant pathogens are discussed. Finally, the intrinsic capacity of viruses to react to environmental cues in planta and how this may influence viral transmission efficiency is summarized. The clear interaction between biotic (virus) and abiotic stresses is a risk that must be accounted for when modelling virus epidemiology under scenarios of climate change.
['van Munster|Manuella|M|']
D000818:Animals D001042:Aphids D057231:Climate Change D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions D007303:Insect Vectors D010935:Plant Diseases D010942:Plant Viruses D013312:Stress, Physiological D013696:Temperature
abiotic stress Plant virus aphid temperature CO2 insect drought vector transmission viral accumulation