Oxygen saturation/FIO2 ratio at 36 weeks' PMA in 1005 preterm infants: Effect of gestational age and early respiratory disease patterns.
OBJECTIVE
To assess oxygen diffusion at 36 weeks' post-menstrual age in preterm infants by means of the non-invasive oxygen saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (36w-SFR) and to identify factors associated with 36w-SFR - ie, gestational age (GA) and early respiratory disease patterns (ERP).


METHODS
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.


SETTING
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.


PATIENTS
1005 preterm infants born below 32 weeks' GA.


INTERVENTIONS
36w-SFR was the mean of SFR values over 24 h on the day infants reached 36 weeks' PMA.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
36w-SFR.


STATISTICS
descriptive statistics, univariate, and multivariate analysis to study associations of 36w-SFR, including GA and ERP.


RESULTS
36w-SFR was significantly different between infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (371 vs 467, P < 0.001), and according to ERP (LowFIO2 466, pulmonary improvement-PI 460, pulmonary deterioration-PD 405, early persistent pulmonary deterioration-EPPD 344, P < 0.001). Significant differences were found either in BPD and in non-BPD patients according to ERP (P < 0.001). Patients without BPD had significant differences in 36w-SFR according to GA (P < 0.001), while infants with BPD and increasing GA at birth had a non-significant trend for increased 36w-SFR (P = 0.621). Factors associated with 36w-SFR were GA, being small for GA, sepsis, human milk feeding, and ERP.


CONCLUSIONS
Preterm infants without BPD had a spectrum of oxygen diffusion impairment that was inversely associated with GA at birth. Infants with different patterns of ERP had significant differences in 36w-SFR.
['Nobile|Stefano|S|0000-0002-5304-1485', 'Marchionni|Paolo|P|', 'Gidiucci|Carlo|C|', 'Correani|Alessio|A|', 'Palazzi|Maria L|ML|', 'Spagnoli|Cristina|C|', 'Rondina|Clementina|C|', '|||', 'Carnielli|Virgilio P|VP|']
D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia D005260:Female D005865:Gestational Age D006801:Humans D007223:Infant D007231:Infant, Newborn D007234:Infant, Premature D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal D008168:Lung D008171:Lung Diseases D008297:Male D008895:Milk, Human D000071074:Neonatal Sepsis D010100:Oxygen D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy D012189:Retrospective Studies D012720:Severity of Illness Index
preterm infant early respiratory disease pattern oxygen saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio bronchopulmonary dysplasia