Neurodevelopmental disorders of the prefrontal cortex in an evolutionary context.
The prefrontal cortex consists of several cytoarchitectonically defined areas that are involved in higher-order cognitive and emotional processing. The areas are highly variable in terms of organization of cortical layers and distribution of specific neuronal classes, and are affected in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Here the focus is on microstructural anatomical characteristics of human prefrontal cortex in an evolutionary context with special emphasis on Williams syndrome. We include a pilot analysis of distribution of neurons labeled with an antibody to non-phosphorylated neurofilament protein (SMI-32) in the frontal pole of Williams syndrome to further examine microstructural characteristics of the prefrontal cortex in Williams syndrome and implications of the distribution of SMI-32 immunoreactive neurons for connectivity between the frontal pole and other cortical areas in the disorder.
['Hrvoj-Mihic|Branka|B|', 'Semendeferi|Katerina|K|']
D005075:Biological Evolution D006801:Humans D009415:Nerve Net D065886:Neurodevelopmental Disorders D017397:Prefrontal Cortex D018980:Williams Syndrome
Neurodevelopmental disorders Williams syndrome Neurofilament SMI-32 Frontal pole Orbitofrontal cortex Pyramidal neurons