Resveratrol Inhibits HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Replication In Vitro.
A novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in China at the end of 2019 causing a large global outbreak. As treatments are of the utmost importance, drug repurposing embodies a rich and rapid drug discovery landscape, where candidate drug compounds could be identified and optimized. To this end, we tested seven compounds for their ability to reduce replication of human coronavirus (HCoV)-229E, another member of the coronavirus family. Among these seven drugs tested, four of them, namely rapamycin, disulfiram, loperamide and valproic acid, were highly cytotoxic and did not warrant further testing. In contrast, we observed a reduction of the viral titer by 80% with resveratrol (50% effective concentration (EC50) = 4.6 µM) and lopinavir/ritonavir (EC50 = 8.8 µM) and by 60% with chloroquine (EC50 = 5 µM) with very limited cytotoxicity. Among these three drugs, resveratrol was less cytotoxic (cytotoxic concentration 50 (CC50) = 210 µM) than lopinavir/ritonavir (CC50 = 102 µM) and chloroquine (CC50 = 67 µM). Thus, among the seven drugs tested against HCoV-229E, resveratrol demonstrated the optimal antiviral response with low cytotoxicity with a selectivity index (SI) of 45.65. Similarly, among the three drugs with an anti-HCoV-229E activity, namely lopinavir/ritonavir, chloroquine and resveratrol, only the latter showed a reduction of the viral titer on SARS-CoV-2 with reduced cytotoxicity. This opens the door to further evaluation to fight Covid-19.
['Pasquereau|Sébastien|S|0000-0002-9291-797X', 'Nehme|Zeina|Z|0000-0002-4750-6389', 'Haidar Ahmad|Sandy|S|0000-0001-5375-0874', 'Daouad|Fadoua|F|', 'Van Assche|Jeanne|J|', 'Wallet|Clémentine|C|', 'Schwartz|Christian|C|', 'Rohr|Olivier|O|0000-0001-8992-2025', 'Morot-Bizot|Stéphanie|S|', 'Herbein|Georges|G|']
D000998:Antiviral Agents D002460:Cell Line D002738:Chloroquine D028941:Coronavirus 229E, Human D058492:Drug Repositioning D006801:Humans D061466:Lopinavir D008297:Male D000077185:Resveratrol D019438:Ritonavir D000086402:SARS-CoV-2 D019562:Viral Load D014779:Virus Replication
resveratrol HCoV-229E SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus viral inhibition