Region-specific disruption of the blood-brain barrier following repeated inflammatory dural stimulation in a rat model of chronic trigeminal allodynia.
Background The blood-brain barrier (BBB) has been hypothesized to play a role in migraine since the late 1970s. Despite this, limited investigation of the BBB in migraine has been conducted. We used the inflammatory soup rat model of trigeminal allodynia, which closely mimics chronic migraine, to determine the impact of repeated dural inflammatory stimulation on BBB permeability. Methods The sodium fluorescein BBB permeability assay was used in multiple brain regions (trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC), periaqueductal grey, frontal cortex, sub-cortex, and cortex directly below the area of dural activation) during the episodic and chronic stages of repeated inflammatory dural stimulation. Glial activation was assessed in the TNC via GFAP and OX42 immunoreactivity. Minocycline was tested for its ability to prevent BBB disruption and trigeminal sensitivity. Results No astrocyte or microglial activation was found during the episodic stage, but BBB permeability and trigeminal sensitivity were increased. Astrocyte and microglial activation, BBB permeability, and trigeminal sensitivity were increased during the chronic stage. These changes were only found in the TNC. Minocycline treatment prevented BBB permeability modulation and trigeminal sensitivity during the episodic and chronic stages. Discussion Modulation of BBB permeability occurs centrally within the TNC following repeated dural inflammatory stimulation and may play a role in migraine.
['Fried|Nathan T|NT|', 'Maxwell|Christina R|CR|', 'Elliott|Melanie B|MB|', 'Oshinsky|Michael L|ML|']
D000818:Animals D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier D002199:Capillary Permeability D004195:Disease Models, Animal D004388:Dura Mater D007249:Inflammation D018836:Inflammation Mediators D008297:Male D008881:Migraine Disorders D051381:Rats D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley D014275:Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus D014277:Trigeminal Neuralgia
blood-brain barrier trigeminal migraine minocycline Headache glia