Physical activity trends and metabolic health outcomes in people living with HIV in the US, 2008-2015.
Despite its potential to improve metabolic health outcomes, longitudinal physical activity (PA) patterns and their association with cardiometabolic disease among people living with HIV (PLWH) have not been well characterized. We investigated this relationship among PLWH in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems with at least one PA self-report between 2008 and 2015. The 4-item Lipid Research Clinics PA instrument was used to categorize habitual PA levels as: Very Low, Low, Moderate, or High. We analyzed demographic differences in PA patterns. Multivariable generalized estimating equation regression models were fit to assess longitudinal associations of PA with blood pressure, lipid, and glucose levels. Logistic regression modeling was used to assess the odds of being diagnosed with obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, or multimorbidity. A total of 40,462 unique PA assessments were provided by 11,719 participants. Only 13% of PLWH reported High PA, while 68% reported Very Low/Low PA at baseline and did not increase PA levels during the study period. Compared to those reporting High PA, participants with Very Low PA had almost 2-fold increased risk for CVD. Very Low PA was also associated with several risk factors associated with CVD, most notably elevated triglycerides (odds ratio 25.4), obesity (odds ratio 1.9), hypertension (odds ratio 1.4), and diabetes (odds ratio 2.3; all p < 0.01). Low levels of PA over time among PLWH are associated with increased cardiometabolic disease risk.
['Willig|Amanda L|AL|', 'Webel|Allison R|AR|', 'Westfall|Andrew O|AO|', 'Levitan|Emily B|EB|', 'Crane|Heidi M|HM|', 'Buford|Thomas W|TW|', 'Burkholder|Greer A|GA|', 'Willig|James H|JH|', 'Blashill|Aaron J|AJ|', 'Moore|Richard D|RD|', 'Mathews|W Christopher|WC|', 'Zinski|Anne|A|', 'Muhammad|Josh|J|', 'Geng|Elvin H|EH|', 'Napravnik|Sonia|S|', 'Eron|Joseph J|JJ|', 'Rodriguez|Benigno|B|', 'Bamman|Marcas M|MM|', 'Overton|E Turner|ET|']
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents D015415:Biomarkers D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases D004734:Energy Metabolism D015444:Exercise D005260:Female D015658:HIV Infections D020276:HIV Long-Term Survivors D006304:Health Status D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008659:Metabolic Diseases D065840:Protective Factors D012189:Retrospective Studies D018570:Risk Assessment D012307:Risk Factors D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior D057185:Sedentary Behavior D013997:Time Factors D014481:United States D019562:Viral Load
Health outcomes Obesity Cardiovascular disease Diabetes Multimorbidity Health disparities