Efficacy of systemic diclofenac sodium on intravitreal concentration.
BACKGROUND
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), as an alternative, are replacing corticosteroids in ocular inflammatory diseases. Diclofenac has been used mainly topically, and recent focus has been on intravitreal delivery. Both of these methods have been shown to have complications in long-term application.


PURPOSE
To assess the efficacy of slow release oral diclofenac sodium on intravitreal concentration in experimental model of chemically injured eyes.


METHODS
In an experimental double-masked clinical trial, right eyes of 24 albino rabbits were chemically injured by 1 N NaOH. One hour after chemical injury, 10 cc suspension gavage containing 100 mg slow release diclofenac sodium was administered in all cases. 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48 h after gavage, vitreous samples were obtained in all cases. Intravitreal concentration of diclofenac sodium was evaluated in all samples using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.


RESULTS
Intravitreal diclofenac levels by oral intake were enhanced by the inflammation in all the measurements. In inflamed eyes, diclofenac concentration was ten times more than control eye (2.658 ± 0.344 vs. 0.242 ± 0.0279 and 1.617 ± 0.527 vs. 0.148 ± 0.095; in 2 and 4 h, respectively). After 6 h, diclofenac concentration was statistically different, although it reduced below 1 μg/ml.


CONCLUSION
Diclofenac is delivered to the inflamed eye more than healthy eye. It seems that by oral diclofenac consumption, it is possible to make a significant intravitreal concentration.
['Panahi|Yunes|Y|', 'Naderi|Mostafa|M|', 'Jadidi|Khosrow|K|', 'Hoseini|Hadise|H|', 'Abrishami|Mojtaba|M|']
D000284:Administration, Oral D000704:Analysis of Variance D000818:Animals D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal D002057:Burns, Chemical D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid D065306:Corneal Injuries D004008:Diclofenac D004195:Disease Models, Animal D005126:Eye Burns D011817:Rabbits D014822:Vitreous Body
Diclofenac Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Slow release Chemical injury Vitreous