Gestational diabetes mellitus in Greenland: a national study of prevalence and testing efficacy.
BACKGROUND
Within the last 20 years, the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been reported to be increasing worldwide in correlation with ethnic and geographic variations. The actual prevalence of GDM throughout all of Greenland remains unknown.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of GDM among Greenlanders and non-Greenlanders living in Greenland and to estimate the efficacy of testing for GDM.


DESIGN
This study was performed as an observational, cross-sectional study including all women with permanent address in Greenland who had given birth to a singleton during 2014. The prevalence of GDM was calculated as the proportion of all pregnant women tested with a 75-g 2-h glucose tolerance test who had a 2-h capillary whole-blood glucose value of 8.5 mmol/l or above. Testing efficacy was calculated as the proportion of women who fulfilled the testing criteria who were actually tested in Greenland in 2014.


RESULTS
A total of 794 women (727 Greenlanders and 67 non-Greenlanders) were included in the study. The prevalence of GDM among tested women was 3.3% (confidence interval, CI: 0.9-5.6) among Greenlanders and 12.5% (CI: 0-25.7) among non-Greenlanders, corresponding, respectively, to 1.0% (CI: 0.3-1.3) and 4.5% (CI: 0-9.4) of all singleton pregnancies in Greenland in 2014. The overall testing efficacy was 69.0% among all eligible residents of Greenland and 85.1% among eligible residents in the capital city, Nuuk.


CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the prevalence of GDM seems quite low in Greenland. Although diagnostic testing activity has improved within the last 6 years, still around one-third of all pregnant women in all Greenland fulfilling the testing criteria were not tested. Universal testing for GDM may be needed to improve testing of GDM in Greenland.
['Pedersen|Michael Lynge|ML|', 'Olesen|Jesper|J|', 'Jørgensen|Marit Eika|ME|', 'Damm|Peter|P|']
D000328:Adult D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D016640:Diabetes, Gestational D005260:Female D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin A D006116:Greenland D006801:Humans D008403:Mass Screening D011247:Pregnancy D011295:Prenatal Care D015995:Prevalence D055815:Young Adult
gestational diabetes mellitus Greenland prevalence Indigenous Inuit screening