Evolution retraces its steps to advance.
Bacteria in a long-term evolution experiment evolved a new metabolic trait via two separate mutations with opposite effects.
['Kliebenstein|Daniel J|DJ|http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5759-3175']
D004926:Escherichia coli D019143:Evolution, Molecular D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways D009154:Mutation
E. coli epistasis evolutionary biology evolutionary innovation experimental evolution flux balance analysis genomics metabolic network