Effects of Obesity on Cardiovascular Hemodynamics, Cardiac Morphology, and Ventricular Function.
Obesity produces a variety of hemodynamic alterations that may cause changes in cardiac morphology which predispose to left and right ventricular dysfunction. Various neurohormonal and metabolic alterations commonly associated with obesity may contribute to these abnormalities of cardiac structure and function. These changes in cardiovascular hemodynamics, cardiac morphology, and ventricular function may, in severely obese patients, predispose to heart failure, even in the absence of other forms of heart disease (obesity cardiomyopathy). In normotensive obese patients, cardiac involvement is commonly characterized by elevated cardiac output, low peripheral vascular resistance, and increased left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressure. Sleep-disordered breathing may lead to pulmonary arterial hypertension and, in association with left heart failure, may contribute to elevation of right heart pressures. These alterations, in association with various neurohormonal and metabolic abnormalities, may produce LV hypertrophy; impaired LV diastolic function; and less commonly, LV systolic dysfunction. Many of these alterations are reversible with substantial voluntary weight loss.
['Alpert|Martin A|MA|', 'Omran|Jad|J|', 'Bostick|Brian P|BP|']
D002319:Cardiovascular System D006321:Heart D006439:Hemodynamics D006801:Humans D006973:Hypertension D009206:Myocardium D009765:Obesity D009929:Organ Size D016276:Ventricular Function
Obesity Hemodynamics Severe obesity Heart failure Obesity cardiomyopathy Cardiac output Left ventricular Sleep-disordered breathing Weight loss Bariatric surgery Central blood volume Concentric and eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy and remodeling Diet and exercise Duration of obesity Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction Left ventricular diastolic filling and relaxation Left ventricular geometry Left ventricular hypertrophy Left ventricular systolic dysfunction Left ventricular systolic function Systemic hypertension