Proteomic and Ultrastructural Analysis of Cellulite-New Findings on an Old Topic.
: Background: Cellulite is a condition in which the skin has a dimpled lumpy appearance. The main causes of cellulite development, studied until now, comprehends modified sensitivity to estrogens, the damage of microvasculature present among dermis and hypodermis. The differences of adipose tissue architecture between male and female might make female more susceptible to cellulite. Adipose tissue is seen to be deeply modified during cellulite development. Our study tried to understand the overall features within and surrounding cellulite to apply the best therapeutic approach.


METHODS
Samples of gluteal femoral area were collected from cadavers and women who had undergone surgical treatment to remove orange peel characteristics on the skin. Samples from cadavers were employed for an accurate study of cellulite using magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla and for light microscopy. Specimens from patients were employed for the proteomic analysis, which was performed using high resolution mass spectroscopy (MS). Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was obtained from the samples, which was studied using MS and flow cytometry.


RESULTS
light and electron microscopy of the cellulite affected area showed a morphology completely different from the other usual adipose depots. In cellulite affected tissues, sweat glands associated with adipocytes were found. In particular, there were vesicles in the extracellular matrix, indicating a crosstalk between the two different components. Proteomic analysis showed that adipose tissue affected by cellulite is characterized by high degree of oxidative stress and by remodeling phenomena.


CONCLUSIONS
The novel aspects of this study are the peculiar morphology of adipose tissue affected by cellulite, which could influence the surgical procedures finalized to the reduction of dimpling, based on the collagen fibers cutting. The second novel aspect is the role played by the mesenchymal stem cells isolated from stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue affected by cellulite.
['Conti|Giamaica|G|', 'Zingaretti|Nicola|N|', 'Amuso|Domenico|D|', 'Dai Prè|Elena|E|', 'Brandi|Jessica|J|', 'Cecconi|Daniela|D|', 'Manfredi|Marcello|M|', 'Marengo|Emilio|E|', 'Boschi|Federico|F|', 'Riccio|Michele|M|', 'Amore|Roberto|R|', 'Iorio|Eugenio Luigi|EL|', 'Busato|Alice|A|', 'De Francesco|Francesco|F|', 'Riccio|Valentina|V|', 'Parodi|Pier Camillo|PC|', 'Vaienti|Luca|L|', 'Sbarbati|Andrea|A|']
D000328:Adult D000071697:Cellulite D020405:Dermis D005260:Female D006801:Humans D008297:Male D013058:Mass Spectrometry D008875:Middle Aged D040901:Proteomics D050151:Subcutaneous Fat
cellulite proteomic analysis mesenchymal stem cell adult stem cells dermal adipose tissue