Cancer-specific survival by stage of bladder cancer and factors collected by Mallorca Cancer Registry associated to survival.
BACKGROUND
Information about survival by stage in bladder cancer is scarce, as well as about survival of non-invasive bladder cancer. The aims of this study are: 1) to find out the distribution of bladder cancer by stage; 2) to determine cancer-specific survival by stage of bladder cancer; 3) to identify factors that explain and predict the likelihood of survival and the risk of dying from these cancers.


METHODS
Incident bladder cancer cases diagnosed between 2006 and 2011 were identified through the Mallorca Cancer Registry.


INCLUSION CRITERIA
cases with code C67 according to the ICD-O 3rd edition with any behaviour and any histology, except lymphomas and small cell carcinomas. Cases identified exclusively through the death certificate were excluded. We collected the following data: sex; age; date and method of diagnosis; histology according to the ICD-O 3rd edition; T, N, M and stage at the time of diagnosis; and date of follow-up or death. End point of follow-up was 31 December 2015. Multiple imputation (MI) was performed to estimate cases with unknown stage. Cases with benign or indeterminate behaviour were excluded for the survival analysis. Actuarial and Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression models were used for survival analysis.


RESULTS
One thousand nine hundred fourteen cases were identified. 14% were women and 65.4% were 65 years or older. 3.9% had no stage (benign or undetermined behaviour) and 11.5% had unknown stage. After MI, 37.5% were in stage Ta (non-invasive papillary carcinoma), 3.2% in stage Tis (carcinoma in situ), 34.3% in stage I, 11.7% in Stage II, 4.3% in stage III, and 9.0% in stage IV. Survival was 76% at 5 years. Survival by stage: 98% at stage Ta, 90% at stage Tis, 85% at stage I, 45% at stage II, 35% at stage III, and 7% at stage IV. The Cox model showed that age, histology, and stage, but not sex, were associated with survival.


CONCLUSION
Bladder cancer survival vary greatly with stage, among both non-invasive and invasive cases. The percentage of non-invasive cancers is high. Stage, age, and histology are associated to survival.
['Ripoll|J|J|', 'Ramos|M|M|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-5264', 'Montaño|J|J|', 'Pons|J|J|', 'Ameijide|A|A|', 'Franch|P|P|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D000367:Age Factors D000368:Aged D002278:Carcinoma in Situ D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell D005260:Female D005500:Follow-Up Studies D006801:Humans D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D009367:Neoplasm Staging D012042:Registries D012189:Retrospective Studies D018570:Risk Assessment D012307:Risk Factors D013030:Spain D015996:Survival Rate D001743:Urinary Bladder D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms D055815:Young Adult
Survival Stage Multiple imputation Bladder neoplasms