Tracking Yeast Metabolism and the Crabtree Effect in Real Time via CO2 Production using Broadband Acoustic Resonance Dissolution Spectroscopy (BARDS).
In this study, a new approach to measure metabolic activity of yeast via the Crabtree effect is described. BARDS is an analytical technique developed to aid powder and tablet characterisation by monitoring changes in the compressibility of a solvent during solute dissolution. It is a rapid and simple method which utilises a magnetic stir bar to mix added solute and induce the acoustic resonance of a vessel containing a fixed volume of solvent. In this study it is shown that initiation of fermentation in a yeast suspension, in aqueous buffer, is accompanied by reproducible changes in the frequency of induced acoustic resonance. These changes signify increased compressibility of the suspension due to CO2 release by the yeast. A simple standardised BARDS protocol reveals yeast carbon source preferences and can generate quantitative kinetic data on carbon source metabolism which are characteristic of each yeast strain. The Crawford-Woods equation can be used to quantify total gaseous CO2 produced by a given number of viable yeast when supplied with a fixed amount of carbon source. This allows for a value to be calculated for the amount of gaseous CO2 produced by each yeast cell. The approach has the potential to transform the way in which yeast metabolism is tracked and potentially provide an orthogonal or surrogate method to determining viability, vitality and attenuation measurements in the future.
['Ahmed|M Rizwan|MR|', 'Doyle|Nicholas|N|', 'Connolly|Cathal|C|', 'McSweeney|Seán|S|', 'Krüse|Jacob|J|', 'Morrissey|John|J|', 'Prentice|Michael B|MB|', 'Fitzpatrick|Dara|D|']
D000162:Acoustics D002244:Carbon D002245:Carbon Dioxide D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid D000431:Ethanol D005285:Fermentation D005947:Glucose D008954:Models, Biological D012995:Solubility D015003:Yeasts
Yeast Metabolism Crabtree effect Acoustics Spectroscopy Viability and vitality