Prevalence of diabetic foot syndrome amongst population with type 2 diabetes in Pakistan in primary care settings.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of diabetic foot syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.


METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted at 25 centres across eight cities in Pakistan from August 2010 to March 2011, and comprised adult type 2 diabetics. The subjects underwent ankle brachial pressure index evaluation for diabetic foot, and neurological assessment using 10g monofilament for sensation and 128Hz tuning fork to elicit vibration.


RESULTS
Of the 230 subjects, 94(40.86%) were males and 136(59.13%) females. The overall mean age was 53.82±9.96 years and mean glycated haemoglobin was 8.81±2.04%. The prevalence of diabetic foot syndrome was 32(13.9%). Based on established diabetic foot risk classification, 37(16.08%) patients were in category-1, 6(2.60%) in category-2, 32(13.91%) in category-3 and 148(64.34%) in category-0. On ankle brachial pressure index assessment, 94(40.86%) patients had impaired values (p<0.9). Sensation was impaired in 50(21.73%) patients, vibrations could not be detected in 37(16.08%), ankle reflexes could not be elicited in 35(15.21%), and foot pulses could not palpated in 28(12.17%) patients.


CONCLUSIONS
A high prevalence of diabetic foot syndrome was observed.
['Khan|Amanullah|A|', 'Junaid|Nabeea|N|']
D000328:Adult D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 D017719:Diabetic Foot D005260:Female D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D010154:Pakistan D015995:Prevalence D011320:Primary Health Care
Diabetic foot/epidemiology, Foot ulcer, Diabetes mellitus Type 2, Amputation, Risk factors.