Genetics of melanoma progression: the rise and fall of cell senescence.
There are many links between cell senescence and the genetics of melanoma, meaning both familial susceptibility and somatic-genetic changes in sporadic melanoma. For example, CDKN2A, the best-known melanoma susceptibility gene, encodes two effectors of cell senescence, while other familial melanoma genes are related to telomeres and their maintenance. This article aimed to analyze our current knowledge of the genetic or epigenetic driver changes necessary to generate a cutaneous metastatic melanoma, the commonest order in which these occur, and the relation of these changes to the biology and pathology of melanoma progression. Emphasis is laid on the role of cell senescence and the escape from senescence leading to cellular immortality, the ability to divide indefinitely.
['Bennett|Dorothy C|DC|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-7527']
D000818:Animals D016922:Cellular Senescence D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease D006801:Humans D008545:Melanoma D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis D009363:Neoplasm Proteins D012878:Skin Neoplasms D016615:Telomere D059505:Telomere Homeostasis
melanoma senescence immortalization TERT metamortal nevus p16