Kappa statistic for clustered dichotomous responses from physicians and patients.
The bootstrap method for estimating the standard error of the kappa statistic in the presence of clustered data is evaluated. Such data arise, for example, in assessing agreement between physicians and their patients regarding their understanding of the physician-patient interaction and discussions. We propose a computationally efficient procedure for generating correlated dichotomous responses for physicians and assigned patients for simulation studies. The simulation result demonstrates that the proposed bootstrap method produces better estimate of the standard error and better coverage performance compared with the asymptotic standard error estimate that ignores dependence among patients within physicians with at least a moderately large number of clusters. We present an example of an application to a coronary heart disease prevention study.
['Kang|Chaeryon|C|', 'Qaqish|Bahjat|B|', 'Monaco|Jane|J|', 'Sheridan|Stacey L|SL|', 'Cai|Jianwen|J|']
D016000:Cluster Analysis D003198:Computer Simulation D003327:Coronary Disease D006801:Humans D015588:Observer Variation D010353:Patient Education as Topic D010361:Patients D010820:Physicians D013223:Statistics as Topic
Kappa statistic Clustered dichotomous responses Cluster bootstrap resampling