Validation of the Japanese Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire.
BACKGROUND
For patients with childhood-onset chronic illnesses, the transition to adult care requires an understanding of transition readiness and the effectiveness of evaluation methods. However, no such psychometrically verified scales exist in Japan. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) and verify its validity and reliability.


METHODS
The Japanese TRAQ was developed in accordance with international guidelines, followed by a preliminary survey to verify face validity among six participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. For the main survey 107 patients who fulfilled the same inclusion criteria were asked to complete the questionnaire and provide basic information. After descriptive statistics analysis, the construct validity of the Japanese TRAQ was tested using the t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated to assess reliability.


RESULTS
In the main survey, 76 participants with no missing data were included in the complete data analysis (40 males 36 females; mean age, 17.8 and 18.2 years, respectively). The mean total Japanese TRAQ score was 3.9. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.94 overall and 0.8-0.96 for each of the four domains. The known-groups analysis revealed that older participants (r = 0.23, P = 0.044), those having knowledge of the disease name (yes [4.0] vs no [3.4]; P < 0.001), and making unaccompanied hospital visits (with parent/others [3.7] vs alone [4.4]; P < 0.001) had significantly higher total TRAQ scores.


CONCLUSION
We confirmed preliminarily the validity and reliability of the Japanese TRAQ.
['Sato|Yuki|Y|https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6432-1709', 'Ochiai|Ryota|R|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1034-2122', 'Ishizaki|Yuko|Y|', 'Nishida|Toshihiko|T|', 'Miura|Kenichiro|K|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-8482', 'Taki|Atsuko|A|', 'Tani|Yumi|Y|', 'Naito|Mariko|M|', 'Takahashi|Yoshimitsu|Y|https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4073-9945', 'Yaguchi-Saito|Akiko|A|', 'Hattori|Motoshi|M|', 'Nakayama|Takeo|T|']
D000293:Adolescent D002908:Chronic Disease D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007564:Japan D008297:Male D011594:Psychometrics D015203:Reproducibility of Results D012648:Self Care D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires D060305:Transition to Adult Care D014177:Translations D055815:Young Adult
childhood-onset chronic illness transition to adult care adolescent and young adult questionnaire development self-management