Gallic Acid Content and an Antioxidant Mechanism Are Responsible for the Antiproliferative Activity of 'Ataulfo' Mango Peel on LS180 Cells.
Mango "Ataulfo" peel is a rich source of polyphenols (PP), with antioxidant and anti-cancer properties; however, it is unknown whether such antiproliferative activity is related to PP's antioxidant activity. The content (HPLC-DAD), antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP, ORAC), and antiproliferative activities (MTT) of free (FP) and chemically-released PP from mango 'Ataulfo' peel after alkaline (AKP) and acid (AP) hydrolysis, were evaluated. AKP fraction was higher (µg/g DW) in gallic acid (GA; 23,816 ± 284) than AP (5610 ± 8) of FR (not detected) fractions. AKP fraction and GA showed the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH/FRAP/ORAC) and GA's antioxidant activity follows a single electron transfer (SET) mechanism. AKP and GA also showed the best antiproliferative activity against human colon adenocarcinoma cells (LS180; IC50 (µg/mL) 138.2 ± 2.5 and 45.7 ± 5.2) and mouse connective cells (L929; 93.5 ± 7.7 and 65.3 ± 1.2); Cheminformatics confirmed the hydrophilic nature (LogP, 0.6) and a good absorption capacity (75%) for GA. Data suggests that GA's antiproliferative activity appears to be related to its antioxidant mechanism, although other mechanisms after its absorption could also be involved.
['Velderrain-Rodríguez|Gustavo R|GR|0000-0001-5031-8402', 'Torres-Moreno|Heriberto|H|', 'Villegas-Ochoa|Mónica A|MA|', 'Ayala-Zavala|J Fernando|JF|0000-0002-7452-286X', 'Robles-Zepeda|Ramón E|RE|', 'Wall-Medrano|Abraham|A|0000-0002-6196-3607', 'González-Aguilar|Gustavo A|GA|0000-0002-7452-286X']
D000975:Antioxidants D017209:Apoptosis D045744:Cell Line, Tumor D049109:Cell Proliferation D005707:Gallic Acid D006801:Humans D031022:Mangifera D010936:Plant Extracts D059808:Polyphenols
antioxidant mechanism LS180 single electron transfer (SET) biological activity by-products colon cancer hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) phenolic compounds