Oxidative Stress Alterations in the Bladder of a Short-period Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model: Antioxidant Treatment Can Be Beneficial for the Bladder.
BACKGROUND/AIM
A short-period type 2 diabetes model was established in order to identify changes in oxidative stress in the bladder at the initiation of the disease. The effect of antioxidant treatment was examined.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Diabetes was induced in adult male Wistar rats with a single dose of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg; i.p.). Diabetic animals were then randomly separated into three groups: No treatment (DM), resveratrol treatment, and taurine treatment, and fed with a high-fat diet. Age-matched non-diabetic animals were used and fed with normal diet (control). Two weeks later, animals were sacrificed and bladders were processed for histological evaluation, and further analysis for oxidative stress markers.


RESULTS
The body weight of all diabetic animals was significantly lower compared to the controls. The DM group demonstrated a significantly higher bladder weight to body weight ratio compared to the control. The bladder in the DM group demonstrated abruption of the mucosa from the muscularis and edema in the transitional epithelium. Bladders from the resveratrol-, and taurine-treated groups did not demonstrate these histological alterations. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the bladder was significantly higher in the DM group compared to all other groups. Immunohistochemistry showed that diabetes induced a moderate to strong expression of oxidative stress markers MDA and 4-hydroxynonenal, and DNA oxidative stress marker 8-deoxyguanosine in the DM group compared to the other groups.


CONCLUSION
Prompt diagnosis and treatment of diabetes is crucial in regard to disease progression. Specifically, in the bladder it appears that both mild damage at the structural level, as well as oxidative damage at the molecular level may be prevented by antioxidant treatment.
['Tsounapi|Panagiota|P|', 'Honda|Masashi|M|', 'Hikita|Katsuya|K|', 'Sofikitis|Nikolaos|N|', 'Takenaka|Atsushi|A|']
D000818:Animals D000975:Antioxidants D015415:Biomarkers D002374:Catalase D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 D004195:Disease Models, Animal D015227:Lipid Peroxidation D008297:Male D008315:Malondialdehyde D010084:Oxidation-Reduction D018384:Oxidative Stress D051381:Rats D017208:Rats, Wistar D013482:Superoxide Dismutase D001743:Urinary Bladder
oxidative stress bladder diabetes Antioxidants immunohistochemistry