Altered Virome and Bacterial Microbiome in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with increased intestinal translocation of microbial products and enteropathy as well as alterations in gut bacterial communities. However, whether the enteric virome contributes to this infection and resulting immunodeficiency remains unknown. We characterized the enteric virome and bacterial microbiome in a cohort of Ugandan patients, including HIV-uninfected or HIV-infected subjects and those either treated with anti-retroviral therapy (ART) or untreated. Low peripheral CD4 T cell counts were associated with an expansion of enteric adenovirus sequences and this increase was independent of ART treatment. Additionally, the enteric bacterial microbiome of patients with lower CD4 T counts exhibited reduced phylogenetic diversity and richness with specific bacteria showing differential abundance, including increases in Enterobacteriaceae, which have been associated with inflammation. Thus, immunodeficiency in progressive HIV infection is associated with alterations in the enteric virome and bacterial microbiome, which may contribute to AIDS-associated enteropathy and disease progression.
['Monaco|Cynthia L|CL|', 'Gootenberg|David B|DB|', 'Zhao|Guoyan|G|', 'Handley|Scott A|SA|', 'Ghebremichael|Musie S|MS|', 'Lim|Efrem S|ES|', 'Lankowski|Alex|A|', 'Baldridge|Megan T|MT|', 'Wilen|Craig B|CB|', 'Flagg|Meaghan|M|', 'Norman|Jason M|JM|', 'Keller|Brian C|BC|', 'Luévano|Jesús Mario|JM|', 'Wang|David|D|', 'Boum|Yap|Y|', 'Martin|Jeffrey N|JN|', 'Hunt|Peter W|PW|', 'Bangsberg|David R|DR|', 'Siedner|Mark J|MJ|', 'Kwon|Douglas S|DS|', 'Virgin|Herbert W|HW|']
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents D001419:Bacteria D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome D014644:Genetic Variation D019053:HIV Enteropathy D064368:Healthy Volunteers D006801:Humans D064307:Microbiota D010802:Phylogeny D014454:Uganda D014780:Viruses
virome microbiome HIV adenovirus AIDS AIDS enteropathy systemic inflammation