Combination of rehydrated whey protein isolate aqueous solution with blackcurrant concentrate and the formation of encapsulates via spray-drying and freeze-drying: Alterations to the functional properties of protein and their anticancer properties.
Novel protein ingredients were produced by encapsulating blackcurrant concentrate (BC) with whey protein through spray-, or freeze-, drying strategies. The effects of encapsulation strategies and the addition of BC on the physical and functional characteristics, and anticancer activity of the ingredients were evaluated. The mechanistic interactions between the blackcurrant anthocyanins (BAs) with the whey protein components were predicted via in silico studies. HPLC results revealed that spray-dried and freeze-dried whey protein-BC encapsulates have effectively delivered the BAs. The physical and functional properties of the proteins were altered by drying strategies and the addition of BC. Anticancer effects were linked to reactive oxygen species production and cell apoptosis towards HepG2. Molecular docking results showed that hydrogen bonds were the main binding forces between BAs and various whey protein molecules, resulting in the formation of complexes. These findings are relevant to the formulation of powdered products to be used as ingredients in practical food matrix.
['Wu|Gang|G|', 'Hui|Xiaodan|X|', 'Liang|Jiaxi|J|', 'Liu|Huifan|H|', 'Chen|Han|H|', 'Gong|Xi|X|', 'Brennan|Margaret A|MA|', 'Zeng|Xin-An|XA|', 'Guo|Xinbo|X|', 'Brennan|Charles S|CS|']
D000872:Anthocyanins D002214:Capsules D002470:Cell Survival D003890:Desiccation D005612:Freeze Drying D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices D056945:Hep G2 Cells D006801:Humans D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation D010936:Plant Extracts D031965:Ribes D000067816:Whey Proteins
Whey Blackcurrant Functional properties Novel protein ingredient Anthocyanins