Change in Autonomic Nervous Activity during Ingestion of Soft Food in Older Nursing Home Residents.
The deterioration in masticatory function often seen in older adults rules out the consumption of hard foods, while a common decline in autonomic nervous response often observed in older adults may result in maladjustment to environmental stresses. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether autonomic nervous activity in older adults increased during the mastication of soft foods compared to at rest. The participants comprised 9 volunteer nursing home residents aged 78 to 100 years. All consumed soft rice as a grain dish and coarsely chopped food as side dishes. The coefficient of variation of R-R intervals (CVRR) and high-frequency (HF) power on electrocardiograph (ECG) served as indices of parasympathetic nervous activity, while the low-frequency (LF)/HF ratio served as an index of sympathetic nervous activity. Total power, reflecting the level of autonomic nervous activity, was also measured. We measured autonomic nervous activity while nursing home residents were eating lunch. HF was 3,457.4±3,037.5 ms2 at rest and 4,085.1±3,697.7 ms2 during mastication. The CVRR was 26.8±16.9% at rest and 26.1±16.1% during mastication. No significant difference was observed in HF or CVRR. On the other hand, the LF/HF ratio was 0.77±0.24 ms2 at rest and 31.0±3.77 ms2 during mastication (p=0.011). A significant difference was observed in the LF/HF ratio between the resting and masticating conditions. Total power was 6,244.1±5,752.5 ms2 at rest and 8,417.7±7,266.4 ms2 during mastication (p=0.038). A significant difference was also observed in total power between resting and masticating conditions. These results suggest that mastication of soft foods stimulates autonomic nervous activity in older adults. In conclusion, autonomic nervous activity increased during chewing soft foods compared to that during the resting level in older adults.
['Ohta|Midori|M|', 'Ueda|Takayuki|T|', 'Sakurai|Kaoru|K|']
D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D001341:Autonomic Nervous System D004435:Eating D004562:Electrocardiography D004594:Electrophysiology D005260:Female D005502:Food D006339:Heart Rate D006801:Humans D062409:Lunch D008297:Male D008409:Mastication D009735:Nursing Homes D012275:Oryza D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System D014041:Tokyo D014838:Volunteers
Soft food Autonomic nervous response Mastication Aging Heart rate variability