Changes in bone metabolism after gastric cancer surgery in male patients: a prospective observational study.
BACKGROUND
Several retrospective studies have shown that bone disorders occur after gastric cancer surgery. This study was designed to prospectively evaluate the changes in bone metabolism after gastrectomy for gastric cancer.


METHODS
We prospectively enrolled 39 men with early gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy. We excluded women to avoid the effects of menopause. We employed dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to measure bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine. DEXA was performed before and 1 and 2 years after surgery. The serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D [1,25(OH)2VD], 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)VD], and estradiol were measured before surgery and every 3 months until 2 years after surgery.


RESULTS
DEXA revealed that BMD significantly decreased by 0.036 ± 0.033 g/cm2 12 months after gastrectomy (P < 0.001) and by 0.046 ± 0.040 g/cm2 24 months after gastrectomy (P < 0.001). The serum ALP level significantly increased by 38.31 ± 103.8 IU/L 24 months after surgery (P = 0.013). The serum 25(OH)VD level significantly decreased by 4.88 ± 6.42 ng/ml 24 months after surgery (P < 0.001), whereas the serum 1,25(OH)2VD levels were consistently in the normal range. The serum estradiol level significantly increased by 2.94 ± 7.49 pg/ml 12 months after gastrectomy (P = 0.035). A lower preoperative body mass index (BMI) significantly correlated with the reduction in BMD 12 months after surgery; the correlation coefficient was 0.37 (P = 0.025).


CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that a significant decrease in BMD was observed for up to 24 months after gastrectomy, not only 12 months.
['Atsumi|Yosuke|Y|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1071-5486', 'Rino|Yasushi|Y|', 'Wada|Hiroo|H|', 'Kitani|Yuichi|Y|', 'Ozawa|Yukihiro|Y|', 'Aoyama|Toru|T|', 'Oshima|Takashi|T|', 'Yukawa|Norio|N|', 'Yoshikawa|Takaki|T|', 'Masuda|Munetaka|M|']
D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon D000368:Aged D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase D015519:Bone Density D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic D001842:Bone and Bones D002117:Calcitriol D004958:Estradiol D005743:Gastrectomy D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D010024:Osteoporosis D011183:Postoperative Complications D011446:Prospective Studies D013274:Stomach Neoplasms D014807:Vitamin D
Gastrectomy Bone mineral density Osteoporosis T score