Neonatal thrombocytopenia: A review. I. Definitions, differential diagnosis, causes, immune thrombocytopenia.
Thrombocytopenia, defined as a platelet count below 100 x 109/L, is a very common finding in the neonatal period, especially in critically ill infants and preterm newborns. Its causes are multiple: it may be due both to pediatric conditions and to other factors involved in the fetal-placental-maternal interface. This initial article describes the causes of thrombocytopenia, proposes a diagnostic approach to manage a thrombocytopenic newborn infant, and provides a detailed description of the different conditions corresponding to thrombocytopenia of immune etiology. It also describes the different causative mechanisms and reviews the varying characteristics of thrombocytopenia secondary to maternal immune thrombocytopenia and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. The different treatment approaches to each of the different conditions are described both for their pre- as well as their postnatal management. The severity of thrombocytopenia and the serious complications and sequelae associated with the neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia are highlighted.
['Donato|Hugo|H|']
D003937:Diagnosis, Differential D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007223:Infant D007231:Infant, Newborn D010920:Placenta D010976:Platelet Count D011247:Pregnancy D016553:Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic D054098:Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune
neonatal thrombocytopenia immune thrombocytopenia neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia platelet transfusion thrombocytopenic purpura