Personalized multicomponent exercise programs using smartphone technology among older people: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
Optimal application of the recently updated World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for exercise in advanced age necessitates an accurate adjustment for the age-related increasing variability in biological age and fitness levels, alongside detailed recommendations across a range of motor fitness components, including balance, strength, and flexibility. We previously developed and validated a novel tool, designed to both remotely assess these fitness components, and subsequently deliver a personalized exercise program via smartphone. We describe the design of a prospective randomized control trial, comparing the effectiveness of the remotely delivered personalized multicomponent exercise program to either WHO exercise guidelines or no intervention.


METHODS
Participants (n = 300) are community dwelling, healthy, functionally independent, cognitively intact volunteers aged ≥65 at low risk for serious fall injuries, assigned using permuted block randomization (age/gender) to intervention, active-control, or control group. The intervention is an 8-week program including individually tailored exercises for upper/lower body, flexibility, strength, and balance (dynamic, static, vestibular); active-controls receive exercising counselling according to WHO guidelines; controls receive no guidance. Primary outcome is participant fitness level, operationalized as 42 digital markers generated from 10 motor fitness measures (balance, strength, flexibility); measured at baseline, mid-trial (4-weeks), trial-end (8-weeks), and follow-up (12-weeks). Target sample size is 300 participants to provide 99% power for moderate and high effect sizes (Cohen's f = 0.25, 0.40 respectively).


DISCUSSION
The study will help understand the value of individualized motor fitness assessment used to generate personalized multicomponent exercise programs, delivered remotely among older adults.


TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04181983.
['Netz|Yael|Y|0000-0001-6554-0102', 'Argov|Esther|E|', 'Yekutieli|Ziv|Z|', 'Ayalon|Moshe|M|', 'Tchelet|Keren|K|', 'Ben-Sira|David|D|', 'Amar|Yihya|Y|', 'Jacobs|Jeremy M|JM|']
D000368:Aged D015444:Exercise D005081:Exercise Therapy D006801:Humans D011446:Prospective Studies D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic D000068997:Smartphone D013672:Technology
Motor fitness Remote assessment Artificial intelligence Exercise prescription Individualized program