Dietary Mannan Oligosaccharides Modulate Gut Microbiota, Increase Fecal Bile Acid Excretion, and Decrease Plasma Cholesterol and Atherosclerosis Development.
SCOPE
Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) have proven effective at improving growth performance, while also reducing hyperlipidemia and inflammation. As atherosclerosis is accelerated both by hyperlipidemia and inflammation, we aim to determine the effect of dietary MOS on atherosclerosis development in hyperlipidemic ApoE*3-Leiden.CETP (E3L.CETP) mice, a well-established model for human-like lipoprotein metabolism.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Female E3L.CETP mice were fed a high-cholesterol diet, with or without 1% MOS for 14 weeks. MOS substantially decreased atherosclerotic lesions up to 54%, as assessed in the valve area of the aortic root. In blood, IL-1RA, monocyte subtypes, lipids, and bile acids (BAs) were not affected by MOS. Gut microbiota composition was determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and MOS increased the abundance of cecal Bacteroides ovatus. MOS did not affect fecal excretion of cholesterol, but increased fecal BAs as well as butyrate in cecum as determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.


CONCLUSION
MOS decreased the onset of atherosclerosis development via lowering of plasma cholesterol levels. These effects were accompanied by increased cecal butyrate and fecal excretion of BAs, presumably mediated via interactions of MOS with the gut microbiota.
['Hoving|Lisa R|LR|', 'Katiraei|Saeed|S|', 'Heijink|Marieke|M|', 'Pronk|Amanda|A|', 'van der Wee-Pals|Lianne|L|', 'Streefland|Trea|T|', 'Giera|Martin|M|', 'Willems van Dijk|Ko|K|', 'van Harmelen|Vanessa|V|']
D000818:Animals D050197:Atherosclerosis D001439:Bacteroides D001647:Bile Acids and Salts D015415:Biomarkers D002087:Butyrates D002432:Cecum D002784:Cholesterol D019587:Dietary Supplements D005243:Feces D005260:Female D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome D007249:Inflammation D008099:Liver D008351:Mannans D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains D014280:Triglycerides
mannan oligosaccharides microbiota cholesterol atherosclerosis short-chain fatty acids