Eosinophilic peritonitis and nephrotic syndrome in Kimura's disease: a case report and literature review : Eosinophilic peritonitis in Kimura's disease.
BACKGROUND
Eosinophilic peritonitis is a relatively rare entity. Kimura's disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by subcutaneous nodules mainly in the head and neck region, regional lymphadenopathy and occasional involvement of kidney. There is currently no report of eosinophilic peritonitis in Kimura's disease.


CASE PRESENTATION
A 44-year-old Chinese man presented with abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting and edema in lower limbs for 1 month. Laboratory data showed elevated eosinophils in peripheral blood and ascites, nephrotic syndrome with progressively renal dysfunction, and elevated IgE. Ultrasonography of lymph nodes showed multiple lymphadenopathy in bilateral inguinal regions. Surgical excision was performed for one of the enlarged lymph nodes and histopathology revealed diagnosis of Kimura's disease. Renal biopsy indicated focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and acute tubulointerstitial nephritis with infiltration of eosinophils in renal interstitium. The patient was prescribed with oral prednisolone therapy (30 mg/day), and underwent continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The peripheral and peritoneal eosinophil count decreased rapidly and normalized within 2 days. Forty-five days after prednisolone therapy, partial remission of nephrotic syndrome and decrease of serum creatinine were achieved while peritoneal dialysis dosage had decreased. Inguinal lymph nodes gradually shrunk in size. The overall conditions remain stable afterwards.


CONCLUSIONS
This rare case highlighted the clinical conundrum of a patient presenting with eosinophilic peritonitis, lymphadenopathy, nephrotic syndrome and renal failure associated with Kimura's disease. The remarkable eosinophilia, pathology of lymph node and kidney, as well as significant response to steroids should guide towards the diagnosis.
['Yu|Bingxin|B|', 'Yang|Zhikai|Z|', 'Song|Di|D|', 'Wang|Zi|Z|', 'Xu|Damin|D|', 'Wang|Suxia|S|', 'Nong|Lin|L|', 'Zhou|Fude|F|', 'Dong|Jie|J|']
D000328:Adult D001706:Biopsy D004802:Eosinophilia D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental D005938:Glucocorticoids D006801:Humans D007677:Kidney Function Tests D000082242:Kimura Disease D000072281:Lymphadenopathy D008297:Male D009395:Nephritis, Interstitial D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory D010538:Peritonitis D011239:Prednisolone D016896:Treatment Outcome D014463:Ultrasonography
Eosinophilic peritonitis Nephrotic syndrome Peritoneal dialysis Kimura’s disease