Relationship between 24 h urinary potassium and diet quality in the adult Spanish population.
OBJECTIVE
To study the relationship between diet quality and 24 h urinary K excretion.


DESIGN
K was measured in 24 h urine samples, while diet was studied using a 24 h recall method over two consecutive days. Diet quality was determined using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). The body weight, height and body composition of all participants were recorded, and the BMI of each calculated.


SETTING
Representative members of the adult Spanish population from the FANPE Study ('Fuentes Alimentarias de Nutrientes en Población Española'; Dietary Sources of Nutrients in the Spanish Population).


SUBJECTS
The final sample size was 329 participants aged 18-60 years.


RESULTS
Participants with a 24 h urinary K excretion ≥ 93 mmol/d (group AP = adequate potassium) had greater self-reported K intakes, consumed more fruit and vegetables, had a more varied diet and had better HEI scores than those with a 24 h urinary K excretion <93 mmol/d (group IP = inadequate potassium). A significant positive correlation was seen between 24 h urinary K and dietary variety and the number of servings of fruits, vegetables and dairy products consumed, and between each of these and the HEI after correcting for age, sex, BMI, coefficient of activity, energy intake and the under-reporting of energy intake. AP participants were less likely to have an inadequate diet (HEI score <50) than IP participants (OR =0.439; 95 % CI 0.201, 0.961; P=0.039).


CONCLUSIONS
Diet quality, measured by the HEI, is correlated with 24 h urinary K excretion in Spanish adults.
['Rodríguez-Rodríguez|Elena|E|', 'Ortega|Rosa M|RM|', 'Andrés Carvajales|Pedro|P|', 'González-Rodríguez|Liliana G|LG|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D015992:Body Mass Index D003611:Dairy Products D004032:Diet D005638:Fruit D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D015596:Nutrition Assessment D018673:Nutrition Policy D009749:Nutrition Surveys D010349:Patient Compliance D011188:Potassium D065667:Renal Elimination D057566:Self Report D013030:Spain D015854:Up-Regulation D014675:Vegetables D055815:Young Adult
Spain