Total Saponins of Aralia Elata (Miq) Seem Alleviate Calcium Homeostasis Imbalance and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Apoptosis Induced by Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.
BACKGROUND/AIMS
Total saponins of Aralia elata (Miq) Seem (AS) from the Chinese traditional herb Long ya Aralia chinensis L. reportedly provide cardioprotective effects, but the exact mechanisms require further study. Previous studies have showed that myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion injury (MIRI) was related to calcium homeostasis imbalance and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Thus, this study aimed to demonstrate protective effects of AS on MIRI.


METHODS
After administrating AS for 5 days, the left anterior descending artery coronary artery of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was ligated for 30 min. After 48 h of reperfusion, haemodynamics, Evans blue/ 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, masson staining and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected to assess MIRI. ATPase activity and Western Blot were used to study the mechanisms.


RESULTS
Compared with IR group, AS treatment groups could significantly reduce myocardial infarct size; improve myocardial pathologic progress; decrease content of LDH, CK, and MDA; increase content of SOD; and restore the activities of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase, Na+-K+-ATPase, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases (SERCA), and calcineurin (CaN). AS treatment groups also significantly up-regulated the expression of GRP78, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and Bax, and down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, all similar to the effects of ERS.


CONCLUSION
These findings illustrated that AS could prevent myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and reduce calcium homeostasis imbalance and ERS-related apoptosis.
['Wang|Ruiying|R|', 'Yang|Minghua|M|', 'Wang|Min|M|', 'Liu|Xuesong|X|', 'Xu|Huibo|H|', 'Xu|Xudong|X|', 'Sun|Guibo|G|', 'Sun|Xiaobo|X|']
D000818:Animals D017209:Apoptosis D027983:Aralia D002118:Calcium D003402:Creatine Kinase D015536:Down-Regulation D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins D008297:Male D008315:Malondialdehyde D009203:Myocardial Infarction D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 D051381:Rats D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley D012503:Saponins D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases D013482:Superoxide Dismutase D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
Total saponins Calcium homeostasis Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion Endoplasmic reticulum stress