B-cell epitope peptide cancer vaccines: a new paradigm for combination immunotherapies with novel checkpoint peptide vaccine.
In light of the numerous US FDA-approved humanized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for cancer immunotherapy, it is surprising that the advancement of B-cell epitope vaccines designed to elicit a natural humoral polyclonal antibody response has not gained traction in the immune-oncology landscape. Passive immunotherapy with humanized mAbs (Trastuzumab [Herceptin®]; Pertuzumab [Perjeta®]) has provided clinical benefit to breast cancer patients, albeit with significant shortcomings including toxicity problems and resistance, high costs, sophisticated therapeutic regimen and long half-life. The role of B-cell humoral immunity in cancer is under appreciated and underdeveloped. We have advanced the idea of active immunotherapy with chimeric B-cell epitope peptides incorporating a 'promiscuous' T-cell epitope that elicits a polyclonal antibody response, which provides safe, cost-effective therapeutic advantage over mAbs. We have created a portfolio of validated B-cell peptide epitopes against multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (HER-1, HER-3, IGF-1R and VEGF). We have successfully translated two HER-2 combination B-cell peptide vaccines in Phase I and II clinical trials. We have recently developed an effective novel PD-1 vaccine. In this article, I will review our approaches and strategies that focus on B-cell epitope cancer vaccines.
['Kaumaya|Pravin Tp|PT|0000-0002-8647-3911']
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor D019496:Cancer Vaccines D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte D006801:Humans D000082082:Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors D009369:Neoplasms D011379:Prognosis D022223:Vaccines, Subunit
B-cell epitopes peptide cancer vaccines combination immunotherapy PD-1 CT-26/HER-2 immuno-oncology syngeneic model