The Implications of the Long Non-Coding RNA NEAT1 in Non-Cancerous Diseases.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a variety of biological and cellular processes as well as in physiologic and pathophysiologic events. This review summarizes recent literature about the role of the lncRNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in non-cancerous diseases with a special focus on viral infections and neurodegenerative diseases. In contrast to its role as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in carcinogenesis, NEAT1's function in non-cancerous diseases predominantly focuses on paraspeckle-mediated effects on gene expression. This involves processes such as nuclear retention of mRNAs or sequestration of paraspeckle proteins from specific promoters, resulting in transcriptional induction or repression of genes involved in regulating the immune system or neurodegenerative processes. NEAT1 expression is aberrantly-mostly upregulated-in non-cancerous pathological conditions, indicating that it could serve as potential prognostic biomarker. Additional studies are needed to elucidate NEAT1's capability to be a therapeutic target for non-cancerous diseases.
['Prinz|Felix|F|', 'Kapeller|Anita|A|', 'Pichler|Martin|M|', 'Klec|Christiane|C|0000-0003-0195-8280']
D015415:Biomarkers D063646:Carcinogenesis D005786:Gene Expression Regulation D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions D006801:Humans D007113:Immunity, Innate D005810:Multigene Family D009369:Neoplasms D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases D009687:Nuclear Proteins D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic D020033:Protein Isoforms D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins D015398:Signal Transduction D014777:Virus Diseases
long non-coding RNAs NEAT1 paraspeckles neurodegeneration viral diseases