Predictors of prostate-specific antigen testing in men aged ≥55 years: A cross-sectional study based on patient-reported outcomes.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the predictors of prostate-specific antigen discussion with a physician and prostate-specific antigen testing in men aged ≥55 years.


METHODS
Utilizing the USA Health Information National Trends Survey, 4th Ed., a cross-sectional study from 2011 to 2014 was carried out to analyze the factors predicting prostate-specific antigen testing and discussion in men ≥55 years. Associations between each covariate and prostate-specific antigen discussion/testing were determined. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine clinically relevant predictors of prostate-specific antigen discussion/testing. Due to multiple comparisons, the Bonferroni correction was used.


RESULTS
A total of 2731 men included in the Health Information National Trends Survey were analyzed. Several socioeconomic parameters were found to increase the likelihood of men aged ≥55 years to undergo prostate-specific antigen testing: living with a spouse, a higher level of education (college graduate or above), a higher income (>$50 000 annually) and previous history of any cancer. In contrast, current smokers were less likely to undergo prostate-specific antigen testing. Having a prostate-specific antigen discussion with a physician was more likely for men surveyed in 2014, for men who were living with a spouse, who had a higher annual income (>$50 000 annually) and those with a history of any cancer.


CONCLUSIONS
Significant inequalities in prostate-specific antigen testing and discussion exist among men in the USA, mainly driven by socioeconomic factors. Ideally, prostate-specific antigen testing and discussion should be based on relevant clinical factors with a shared decision-making approach for every man. Therefore, a better understanding of the socioeconomic factors influencing prostate-specific antigen testing/discussions can inform strategies to reduce existing gaps in care.
['Leong|Joon Yau|JY|', 'Chandrasekar|Thenappan|T|', 'Berlin|Alejandro|A|', 'Klaassen|Zachary|Z|', 'Wallis|Christopher Jd|CJ|', 'Ahmad|Ardalan E|AE|', 'Herrera-Caceres|Jaime O|JO|', 'Perlis|Nathan|N|', 'Fleshner|Neil E|NE|', 'Goldberg|Hanan|H|']
D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D003657:Decision Making D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008403:Mass Screening D008875:Middle Aged D000071066:Patient Reported Outcome Measures D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms
prostate-specific antigen testing discussion survey prostate cancer