Mesenchymal stem cells and differentiated insulin producing cells are new horizons for pancreatic regeneration in type I diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND
Diabetes mellitus has become the third human killer following cancer and cardiovascular disease. Millions of patients, often children, suffer from type 1 diabetes (T1D). Stem cells created hopes to regenerate damaged body tissues and restore their function.


AIM
This work aimed at clarifying and comparing the therapeutic potential of differentiated and non-differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a new line of therapy for T1D.


METHODS
40 Female albino rats divided into group I (control): 10 rats and group II (diabetic), III and IV, 10 rats in each, were injected with streptozotocin (50mg/kg body weight). Group III (MSCs) were transplanted with bone marrow derived MSCs from male rats and group IV (IPCs) with differentiated insulin producing cells. Blood and pancreatic tissue samples were taken from all rats for biochemical and histological studies.


RESULTS
MSCs reduced hyperglycemia in diabetic rats on day 15 while IPCs normalizes blood glucose level on day 7. Histological and morphometric analysis of pancreas of experimental diabetic rats showed improvement in MSCs-treated group but in IPCs-treated group, β-cells insulin immunoreactions were obviously returned to normal, with normal distribution of β-cells in the center and other cells at the periphery. Meanwhile, most of the pathological lesions were still detected in diabetic rats.


CONCLUSION
MSCs transplantation can reduce blood glucose level in recipient diabetic rats. IPCs initiate endogenous pancreatic regeneration by neogenesis of islets. IPCs are better than MSCs in regeneration of β-cells. So, IPCs therapy can be considered clinically to offer a hope for patients suffering from T1D.
['Domouky|Ayat M|AM|', 'Hegab|Ashraf S|AS|', 'Al-Shahat|Amal|A|', 'Raafat|Nermin|N|']
D000818:Animals D001786:Blood Glucose D002454:Cell Differentiation D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 D005260:Female D005786:Gene Expression Regulation D005934:Glucagon D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2 D018398:Homeodomain Proteins D007328:Insulin D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells D008297:Male D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells D010179:Pancreas D051381:Rats D012038:Regeneration D015534:Trans-Activators
MSCs IPCs STZ Therapeutic trial Type 1diabetes