Flotillin is a Novel Diagnostic Blood Marker of Alzheimer's Disease.
Currently, best-characterized indicators for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis are the decreased levels of amyloid-β protein 42 and increased levels of phosphorylated tau in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) is also used in AD diagnosis by visualizing amyloid deposition in the brain. These methods are invasive or expensive; therefore, less invasive and easily detectable blood biomarkers are required. Because our previous study showed that flotillin release, a marker of exosomes, was attenuated by Aβ, we designed the present study to determine whether flotillin level could be reduced in CSF and/or serum of patients with AD. In this study, we analyzed flotillin levels in CSF and serum of non-AD controls, patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by western blotting. Flotillin levels in cerebroventricular fluid (CVF) and serum of AD, vascular dementia (VaD), and non-AD autopsy cases were also analyzed. Flotillin levels significantly decreased in the CSF and serum of AD patients compared with those of non-AD controls, respectively. Moreover, in patients with MCI due to AD determined by PiB-PET, CSF and serum flotillin levels significantly decreased compared with those of patients with MCI due to non-AD. Flotillin levels remained unchanged in CVF and serum of autopsy cases diagnosed as VaD. Serum flotillin level is negatively associated with brain amyloid deposition indicated as PiB uptake. These results demonstrate that serum flotillin level can serve as one of the blood markers for estimation of brain amyloid deposition and early diagnosis of AD.
['Abdullah|Mohammad|M|', 'Kimura|Noriyuki|N|', 'Akatsu|Hiroyasu|H|', 'Hashizume|Yoshio|Y|', 'Ferdous|Taslima|T|', 'Tachita|Takuto|T|', 'Iida|Shinsuke|S|', 'Zou|Kun|K|', 'Matsubara|Etsuro|E|', 'Michikawa|Makoto|M|']
D000328:Adult D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D000544:Alzheimer Disease D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides D015415:Biomarkers D015140:Dementia, Vascular D005260:Female D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008565:Membrane Proteins D008875:Middle Aged D016875:tau Proteins
flotillin cerebrospinal fluid mild cognitive impairment cerebroventricular fluid Alzheimer’s disease blood diagnostic marker