Psychometric testing of the Italian and French versions of the Care Dependency Scale.
AIM
The aim of this study was to test psychometrically the Italian and French versions of the Care Dependency Scale.


BACKGROUND
The Care Dependency Scale assesses changes in patients' level of care dependency including important functional and mental dimensions. Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Italian version is still ongoing. The French version has to date not been validated.


DESIGN
Nationwide cross-sectional point prevalence study.


METHOD
Data were extracted from the national, annual prevalence survey of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers and inpatient falls in Swiss acute care hospitals in 2011. A total of 799 Italian and 1068 French-speaking patients were included in the analysis. For the evaluation, the psychometric properties were tested for each language both separately and conjointly.


RESULTS
The scales revealed high internal consistency. Factor analysis presented a one-factor solution for both versions separately as well as combined. Comparison of internal structure revealed an excellent degree of equivalence between the versions. Highly significant Spearman correlations between the Care Dependency Scale and the Braden Scale sum scores indicated satisfactory criterion validity.


CONCLUSION
Both the Italian and the French versions of the Care Dependency Scale showed satisfactory psychometric properties and a high level of equivalence. Further psychometric testing, using modern test theory approaches, is required. However, the scale is recommended as a valid instrument for further use in Italian and French.
['Zürcher|Simeon Joel|SJ|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7759-747X', 'Vangelooven|Christa|C|', 'Borter|Natalie|N|', 'Schnyder|Daniel|D|', 'Hahn|Sabine|S|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2697-2014']
D000058:Accidental Falls D000203:Activities of Daily Living D000328:Adult D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D005260:Female D006304:Health Status D006801:Humans D007558:Italy D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D003668:Pressure Ulcer D011594:Psychometrics D015203:Reproducibility of Results D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires D055815:Young Adult
Italian French Care Dependency Scale validity instrument development nursing reliability structural equivalence