Swainsonine induces apoptosis of rat cardiomyocytes via mitochondria‑mediated pathway.
Swainsonine is an Astragalus membranaceus extract. It is indole, alkaloid, and soluble in water. Its effect on rat cardiomyocytes apoptosis, and the mechanisms underlying that effect, were investigated by inducing apoptosis in H9c2 cells. This was detected by MTT assay, Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide double staining and western blotting. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy were used to confirm swainsonine's effect on mitochondrial membrane potential and levels of reactive oxygen species, while an ATP-dependent bioluminescence assay kit served to find the ATP contents. Assessment was also carried out for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) expression levels as well as those of such apoptosis-associated proteins as Cytochrome c, Caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax). Overall, indications were that swainsonine may have the potential to inhibit viability of cells, decrease expression of PGC-1α, induce mitochondrial dysfunction, upregulate Cytochrome c, Bax and Caspase-3, and downregulate Bcl-2. The suggestion would be that apoptosis may be induced through signalling pathways in H9c2 cells mediated by mitochondria.
['Zheng|Xiang|X|', 'Wang|Shushu|S|', 'Chen|Dakai|D|', 'Yang|Xiaoming|X|']
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate D000818:Animals D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic D017209:Apoptosis D053148:Caspase 3 D002460:Cell Line D045304:Cytochromes c D005786:Gene Expression Regulation D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial D008928:Mitochondria D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 D051381:Rats D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species D015398:Signal Transduction D017026:Swainsonine D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
Swainsonine Apoptosis Rat cardiomyocytes Mitochondria‑mediated pathway.