The three ghosts of medical AI: Can the black-box present deliver?
Our title alludes to the three Christmas ghosts encountered by Ebenezer Scrooge in A Christmas Carol, who guide Ebenezer through the past, present, and future of Christmas holiday events. Similarly, our article takes readers through a journey of the past, present, and future of medical AI. In doing so, we focus on the crux of modern machine learning: the reliance on powerful but intrinsically opaque models. When applied to the healthcare domain, these models fail to meet the needs for transparency that their clinician and patient end-users require. We review the implications of this failure, and argue that opaque models (1) lack quality assurance, (2) fail to elicit trust, and (3) restrict physician-patient dialogue. We then discuss how upholding transparency in all aspects of model design and model validation can help ensure the reliability and success of medical AI.
['Quinn|Thomas P|TP|', 'Jacobs|Stephan|S|', 'Senadeera|Manisha|M|', 'Le|Vuong|V|', 'Coghlan|Simon|S|']
Black-box Transparency Autonomy Challenges Ethics Xai