Himatanthus drasticus Leaves: Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, Antiproliferative Activities.
Plant-derived products have played a fundamental role in the development of new therapeutic agents. This study aimed to analyze antimicrobial, antibiofilm, cytotoxicity and antiproliferative potentials of the extract and fractions from leaves of Himatanthusdrasticus, a plant from the Apocynaceae family. After harvesting, H. drasticus leaves were macerated and a hydroalcoholic extract (HDHE) and fractions were prepared. Antimicrobial tests, such as agar-diffusion, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were carried out against several bacterial species. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae were inhibited by at least one extract or fraction in the agar-diffusion assay (inhibition halos from 12 mm to 30 mm). However, the lowest MIC value was found for HDHE against K. pneumoniae. In addition, HDHE and its fractions were able to inhibit biofilm formation at sub-inhibitory concentrations (780 µg/mL and 1.56 µg/mL). As the best activities were found for HDHE, we selected it for further assays. HDHE was able to increase ciprofloxacin (CIP) activity against K. pneumoniae, displaying synergistic (initial concentration CIP + HDHE: 2 µg/mL + 600 µg/mL and 2.5 µg/mL + 500 µg/mL) and additive effects (CIP + HDHE: 3 µg/mL + 400 µg/mL). This action seems to be associated with the alteration in bacterial membrane permeability induced by HDHE (as seen by propidium iodide labeling). This extract was non-toxic for red blood cell or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Additionally, it inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation of PBMCs. The following compounds were detected in HDHE using HPLC-ESI-MS analysis: plumieride, plumericin or isoplumericin, rutin, quercetin and derivatives, and chlorogenic acid. Based on these results we suggest that compounds from H. drasticus have antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against K. pneumoniae and display low cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative action in PBMC stimulated with lipopolysaccharide.
['Figueiredo|Cristiane Santos Silva E Silva|CSSES|', 'Branco Santos|Joice Castelo|JC|', 'Castro Junior|José Artur de Aguiar|JAA|', 'Wakui|Vinícius Galvão|VG|', 'Rodrigues|João F S|JFS|', 'Arruda|Mariana Oliveira|MO|', 'Monteiro|Andrea de Souza|AS|', 'Monteiro-Neto|Valério|V|', 'Bomfim|Maria Rosa Quaresma|MRQ|', 'Kato|Lucília|L|', 'Nascimento da Silva|Luís Cláudio|LC|', 'Grisotto|Marcos Augusto Grigolin|MAG|']
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents D029062:Apocynaceae D018441:Biofilms D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability D002470:Cell Survival D002939:Ciprofloxacin D004338:Drug Combinations D004357:Drug Synergism D004912:Erythrocytes D005419:Flavonoids D005663:Furans D039823:Iridoids D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear D008070:Lipopolysaccharides D008089:Listeria monocytogenes D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests D010936:Plant Extracts D018515:Plant Leaves D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa D013211:Staphylococcus aureus
Klebsiella pneumoniae inflammation medicinal plants natural products