GPAT2, a mitochondrial outer membrane protein, in piRNA biogenesis in germline stem cells.
piRNA (PIWI-interacting RNA) is a germ cell-specific small RNA in which biogenesis PIWI (P-element wimpy testis) family proteins play crucial roles. MILI (mouse Piwi-like), one of the three mouse PIWI family members, is indispensable for piRNA production, DNA methylation of retrotransposons presumably through the piRNA, and spermatogenesis. The biogenesis of piRNA has been divided into primary and secondary processing pathways; in both of these MILI is involved in mice. To analyze the molecular function of MILI in piRNA biogenesis, we utilized germline stem (GS) cells, which are derived from testicular stem cells and possess a spermatogonial phenotype. We established MILI-null GS cell lines and their revertant, MILI-rescued GS cells, by introducing the Mili gene with Sendai virus vector. Comparison of wild-type, MILI-null, and MILI-rescued GS cells revealed that GS cells were quite useful for analyzing the molecular mechanisms of piRNA production, especially the primary processing pathway. We found that glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2 (GPAT2), a mitochondrial outer membrane protein for lysophosphatidic acid, bound to MILI using the cells and that gene knockdown of GPAT2 brought about impaired piRNA production in GS cells. GPAT2 is not only one of the MILI bound proteins but also a protein essential for primary piRNA biogenesis.
['Shiromoto|Yusuke|Y|', 'Kuramochi-Miyagawa|Satomi|S|', 'Daiba|Akito|A|', 'Chuma|Shinichiro|S|', 'Katanaya|Ami|A|', 'Katsumata|Akiko|A|', 'Nishimura|Ken|K|', 'Ohtaka|Manami|M|', 'Nakanishi|Mahito|M|', 'Nakamura|Toshinobu|T|', 'Yoshinaga|Koichi|K|', 'Asada|Noriko|N|', 'Nakamura|Shota|S|', 'Yasunaga|Teruo|T|', 'Kojima-Kita|Kanako|K|', 'Itou|Daisuke|D|', 'Kimura|Tohru|T|', 'Nakano|Toru|T|']
D000818:Animals D000831:Animals, Newborn D060565:Argonaute Proteins D015153:Blotting, Western D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins D002478:Cells, Cultured D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques D005822:Genetic Vectors D005992:Glycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase D047468:Immunoprecipitation D008246:Lysophospholipids D008297:Male D051379:Mice D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA D035683:MicroRNAs D008928:Mitochondria D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes D011485:Protein Binding D034741:RNA, Small Interfering D017411:Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear D029082:Sendai virus D013234:Stem Cells D013737:Testis
GPAT2 piRNA MILI GS cells mitochondria