Hypoxic tumor microenvironment: Implications for cancer therapy.
Hypoxia contributes to tumor aggressiveness and promotes growth of many solid tumors that are often resistant to conventional therapies. In order to achieve successful therapeutic strategies targeting different cancer types, it is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are induced by hypoxia. Aberrant tumor vasculature and alterations in cellular metabolism and drug resistance due to hypoxia further confound this problem. This review focuses on the implications of hypoxia in an inflammatory TME and its impact on the signaling and metabolic pathways regulating growth and progression of cancer, along with changes in lymphangiogenic and angiogenic mechanisms. Finally, the overarching role of hypoxia in mediating therapeutic resistance in cancers is discussed.
['Roy|Sukanya|S|', 'Kumaravel|Subhashree|S|', 'Sharma|Ankith|A|0000-0002-0724-5444', 'Duran|Camille L|CL|0000-0002-7614-3265', 'Bayless|Kayla J|KJ|', 'Chakraborty|Sanjukta|S|0000-0002-4869-3198']
D015687:Cell Hypoxia D019069:Cell Respiration D006801:Humans D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit D008928:Mitochondria D009369:Neoplasms D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
tumor microenvironment cancer Hypoxia HIF1⍺ angiogenesis chemoresistance inflammation lymphangiogenesis radioresistance