The Association Between Filial Discrepancy and Depressive Symptoms: Findings From a Community-Dwelling Chinese Aging Population.
Background
The relationship between filial piety and depressive symptoms has been widely discussed, but limited research focused on the gap between filial expectations and filial receipt. This study aims to investigate the association between filial discrepancy and depressive symptoms.


Methods
Data were derived from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly (PINE), a community-engaged, population-based epidemiological study of U.S. Chinese older adults aged 60 and older in the greater Chicago area. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Overall filial discrepancy was evaluated by filial receipt minus expectations. Levels of overall filial discrepancy divided older adults into four groups based on the medium value of filial expectations and receipt. Logistic regression analyses were performed.


Results
Older adults with greater filial receipt than expectations were more likely to have lower risk of depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 0.95 [0.92-0.97]). The group with high expectations and low receipt has the highest risk of depressive symptoms among the four groups (OR, 1.51 [1.07-2.13]). Greater receipt than expectations in care (OR, 0.83 [0.76-0.92]), make happy (OR, 0.77 [0.69-0.86]), greet (OR, 0.88 [0.79-0.97]), obey (OR, 0.76 [0.68-0.86]), and financial support (OR, 0.80 [0.71-0.89]) was associated with lower risk of depressive symptoms.


Conclusions
This study goes beyond previous research by examining the association between filial discrepancy domains and depressive symptoms. Cultural relevancy of health interventions is important in the context of Chinese communities. Health care professionals are suggested to be aware of the depressive symptoms of U.S. Chinese older adults with high filial expectations and low receipt.
['Dong|Xinqi|X|', 'Li|Mengting|M|', 'Hua|Yingxiao|Y|']
D000368:Aged D000375:Aging D001213:Asian Americans D002641:Chicago D003863:Depression D005260:Female D006801:Humans D057187:Independent Living D008297:Male D010287:Parent-Child Relations D011203:Poverty D012307:Risk Factors D012944:Social Support
Depression Filial piety Filial expectations Filial receipt