The functional anatomy of schizophrenia: A dynamic causal modeling study of predictive coding.
This paper tests the hypothesis that patients with schizophrenia have a deficit in selectively attending to predictable events. We used dynamic causal modeling (DCM) of electrophysiological responses - to predictable and unpredictable visual targets - to quantify the effective connectivity within and between cortical sources in the visual hierarchy in 25 schizophrenia patients and 25 age-matched controls. We found evidence for marked differences between normal subjects and schizophrenia patients in the strength of extrinsic backward connections from higher hierarchical levels to lower levels within the visual system. In addition, we show that not only do schizophrenia subjects have abnormal connectivity but also that they fail to adjust or optimize this connectivity when events can be predicted. Thus, the differential intrinsic recurrent connectivity observed during processing of predictable versus unpredictable targets was markedly attenuated in schizophrenia patients compared with controls, suggesting a failure to modulate the sensitivity of neurons responsible for passing sensory information of prediction errors up the visual cortical hierarchy. The findings support the proposed role of abnormal connectivity in the neuropathology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
['Fogelson|Noa|N|', 'Litvak|Vladimir|V|', 'Peled|Avi|A|', 'Fernandez-del-Olmo|Miguel|M|', 'Friston|Karl|K|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D001288:Attention D001499:Bayes Theorem D001921:Brain D004569:Electroencephalography D005071:Evoked Potentials D005260:Female D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D008959:Models, Neurological D009434:Neural Pathways D009474:Neurons D009483:Neuropsychological Tests D010775:Photic Stimulation D012559:Schizophrenia D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted D014796:Visual Perception D055815:Young Adult
Schizophrenia Dynamic causal modeling Prediction Connectivity EEG