Fatty Acid Profile and Desaturase Activities in 7-10-Year-Old Children Attending Primary School in Verona South District: Association between Palmitoleic Acid, SCD-16, Indices of Adiposity, and Blood Pressure.
In previous studies, dietary and circulating fatty acids (FA) and desaturases activity (delta-5 desaturase [D5D], delta-6 desaturase [D6D], and stearoyl-CoA desaturase [SCD-16]) involved in their metabolism were associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. The aim of the study was to assess the association between different FAs and desaturases activity (estimated as product:precursor ratios) with individual cardiovascular risk factors (in particular, anthropometric measurements and blood pressure [BP]) in children. The FA profile was determined on a whole-blood drop in 243 children (age: 8.6 ± 0.72 years) participating in a school-based cross-sectional study. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) inversely correlated with indices of adiposity, glucose, and triglycerides. Palmitoleic acid and SCD-16 were directly associated with markers of adiposity and BP, even after adjustment for main confounders. D6D correlated directly with the waist/height ratio. Children with excess weight (>85th percentile; that is overweight plus obese ones) showed higher palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, and higher SCD-16 activity as compared to normal-weight children. Most of the associations were confirmed in the excess-weight group. Omega-3 FAs, particularly DHA, but not omega-6 FA, showed a potentially beneficial association with metabolic parameters, whereas palmitoleic acid and SCD-16 showed a potentially harmful association with indices of adiposity and BP, especially in obese children.
['Bonafini|Sara|S|', 'Giontella|Alice|A|', 'Tagetti|Angela|A|', 'Bresadola|Irene|I|', 'Gaudino|Rossella|R|', 'Cavarzere|Paolo|P|', 'Ramaroli|Diego Alberto|DA|', 'Branz|Lorella|L|', 'Marcon|Denise|D|', 'Pietrobelli|Angelo|A|', 'Minuz|Pietro|P|', 'Antoniazzi|Franco|F|', 'Maffeis|Claudio|C|', 'Fava|Cristiano|C|']
D050154:Adiposity D000886:Anthropometry D001794:Blood Pressure D015992:Body Mass Index D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases D002319:Cardiovascular System D002648:Child D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases D005227:Fatty Acids D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007558:Italy D008297:Male D050177:Overweight D063766:Pediatric Obesity D012044:Regression Analysis D012307:Risk Factors D012574:Schools D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
desaturase activity children palmitoleic acid SCD-16 blood pressure obesity