Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Hyperandrogenism Mediate the Link between Poor Diet Quality and Ovarian Dysmorphology in Reproductive-Aged Women.
The relationship between diet quality and ovarian morphology has biological plausibility yet remains unclear and was therefore evaluated. In a multicenter cross-sectional analysis, four dietary patterns were scored for 111 consecutive reproductive-aged women (18-45 years) using (1) Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015); (2) alternative HEI-2010; (3) alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED); (4) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) indices. Ovarian volume (OV) and follicle number per ovary (FNPO) were evaluated on transvaginal ultrasonography. Relationships between dietary and ovarian morphology indices were evaluated by linear regression and mediation analyses. Associations between aMED and DASH scores and OV/FNPO were completely mediated by obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism (All: p < 0.05), unlike direct associations (All: p ≥ 0.89). Namely, a 1-standard deviation [SD] increase in aMED score was associated with decreases in OV (0.09 SD; 0.4 mL) through reducing waist circumference. Likewise, a 1 SD increase in aMED and DASH score was associated with decreases in OV (0.07 SD; 0.3 mL) by reducing glucose response to a 75 g glucose tolerance test. A 1 SD increase in DASH score was associated with decreased FNPO (0.07 SD; 2 follicles) by reducing free androgen index (All: p < 0.05). Adherence to aMED and DASH eating plans was indirectly associated with significant improvements in ovarian form, providing novel mechanistic insights for future interventions about contributions of diet quality on ovarian function.
['Kazemi|Maryam|M|0000-0001-6001-7208', 'Jarrett|Brittany Y|BY|', 'Vanden Brink|Heidi|H|', 'Lin|Annie W|AW|0000-0002-0045-8826', 'Hoeger|Kathleen M|KM|', 'Spandorfer|Steven D|SD|', 'Lujan|Marla E|ME|0000-0002-7203-5814']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D004032:Diet D000072001:Diet, Healthy D038441:Diet, Mediterranean D000073601:Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension D005260:Female D006801:Humans D017588:Hyperandrogenism D007333:Insulin Resistance D016014:Linear Models D000081983:Mediation Analysis D008875:Middle Aged D009765:Obesity D010049:Ovarian Diseases D006080:Ovarian Follicle D010053:Ovary D055815:Young Adult
Mediterranean Diet Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension ovary fertility metabolism