The novel biomarker of alternative macrophage activation, soluble mannose receptor (sMR/sCD206): Implications in multiple myeloma.
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the pathophysiology of human malignancies. They support growth of cancer cells by promoting angiogenesis, and by inhibiting tumour cell apoptosis and anti-tumor immune reactions. Several membrane proteins are well-described markers of human TAMs, including the haemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 and the macrophage mannose receptor (MR/CD206). Interestingly, both CD163 and MR exist as soluble serum proteins (sCD163 and sMR) that may reflect the activation state of tissue macrophages, including TAMs. Here, we report the first data on sMR as a biomarker in patients with a malignant disease. We have measured concentrations of sMR in peripheral blood serum (n=104) from patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and examined associations with data from medical records. At diagnosis, sMR levels were elevated in 27% of patients, and decreased after treatment. Further, sMR levels were associated with prognostic markers in MM, and elevated sMR (>0.43mg/L) was an independent marker of overall survival in a multivariate analysis (HR=2.20, P=0.006). Levels of sMR in blood samples showed significant association with sCD163, which may indicate common origin from CD163+MR+TAMs.
['Andersen|Morten N|MN|', 'Andersen|Niels F|NF|', 'Rødgaard-Hansen|Sidsel|S|', 'Hokland|Marianne|M|', 'Abildgaard|Niels|N|', 'Møller|Holger J|HJ|']
D000328:Adult D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D015703:Antigens, CD D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic D000970:Antineoplastic Agents D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor D015331:Cohort Studies D005260:Female D015870:Gene Expression D006801:Humans D037181:Lectins, C-Type D008262:Macrophage Activation D008264:Macrophages D008297:Male D000090323:Mannose Receptor D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins D008558:Melphalan D008875:Middle Aged D009101:Multiple Myeloma D015999:Multivariate Analysis D011241:Prednisone D011379:Prognosis D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface D012995:Solubility D016019:Survival Analysis D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
Biomarker Macrophage Mannose receptor sMR sCD206 Multiple myeloma Bone marrow microenvironment