Urinary metabolic characterization with nephrotoxicity for residents under cadmium exposure.
Cadmium is a well-known hazardous pollutant that mainly comes from dietary, tobacco and occupational exposure, posing threat to kidney. However, there is still a lack of systematic study on metabolic pathways and urinary biomarkers related to its nephrotoxicity under cadmium exposure for both females and males. In this study, a mass spectrometry-based metabolomics investigation of a cohort of 144 volunteers was conducted to explore sex-specific metabolic alteration and to screen biomarkers related to cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity. When the concentration of urinary cadmium increased, creatine pathway, amino acid metabolism especially the tryptophan metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and purine metabolism were primarily influenced regardless of the gender. Also, the most specific biomarkers linked with nephrotoxicity based on the statistical analysis were detected including creatine, creatinine, l-tryptophan, adenine and uric acid. The study outcome might provide information to reflect the body burden and help improve health policy for risk assessment.
['Zeng|Ting|T|', 'Liang|Yanshan|Y|', 'Chen|Jinyao|J|', 'Cao|Guodong|G|', 'Yang|Zhu|Z|', 'Zhao|Xingchen|X|', 'Tian|Jinglin|J|', 'Xin|Xiong|X|', 'Lei|Bo|B|', 'Cai|Zongwei|Z|']
D015415:Biomarkers D002104:Cadmium D003404:Creatinine D004785:Environmental Pollutants D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007668:Kidney D008297:Male D055432:Metabolomics
Nephrotoxicity Cadmium Metabolomics Human urine