Diet quality scores in relation to fatness and nutritional knowledge in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: case-control study.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the study was to analyse the dietary habits identified by diet quality scores (DQS) in the scope of body fatness (BF) and nutritional knowledge (NK) of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women.


DESIGN
Case-control study. The DQS were accessed by Dietary Habits, and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire (KomPAN, The Committee of Human Nutrition, Polish Academy of Science) included food frequency consumption of thirty-three food items and was formulated by six diet indexes: Pro-Healthy-Diet-Index (pHDI-10), Non-Healthy-Diet-Index (nHDI-14), High-Glycemic-Diet-Index-7 (hGIDI-7), Low-Glycemic-Diet-Index-4 (lGIDI-4), High-Sugar-Diet-Index-4 (hSDI-4) and High-Saturated-Fats-Diet-Index-8 (hSFDI-8). The BF was analysed by air displacement plethysmography (BodPod, Life Measurement Inc.). NK was assessed by using the twenty-five 'true or false' statements included in the KomPAN questionnaire.


SETTING
Poland, Clinical Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Internal Diseases.


PARTICIPANTS
The study group included 122 PCOS women and 116 age- and socio-economic status-matched healthy controls (CON) aged 17-44 years.


RESULTS
Higher BF and lower NK in PCOS women v. controls were observed. PCOS women had a lower pHDI-10 and LGIDI-4 than CON. There was no relation between NK and DQS in PCOS women. The higher NK in the CON group was associated with increased intensity of pHDI-10 and lower frequency of hSFDI-8 levels.


CONCLUSIONS
Pro-healthy DQS and NK of PCOS women in this study were lower than CON. Professional dietary education might improve dietary behaviours and understanding of the necessity of dietary habits modification in this group. A multidisciplinary approach is needed in the treatment of PCOS women.
['Bykowska-Derda|Aleksandra|A|0000-0002-1351-2895', 'Czlapka-Matyasik|Magdalena|M|0000-0002-6085-4855', 'Kaluzna|Malgorzata|M|0000-0002-2116-4384', 'Ruchala|Marek|M|0000-0002-6296-7220', 'Ziemnicka|Katarzyna|K|0000-0001-5377-8834']
D015992:Body Mass Index D016022:Case-Control Studies D004032:Diet D005247:Feeding Behavior D005260:Female D038321:Glycemic Index D006801:Humans D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Diet quality scores Nutritional knowledge Body fatness PCOS Food-frequency questionnaire