Prevalence of enuresis and its impact in quality of life of patients with sickle cell disease.
INTRODUCTION
Evidence indicates an increase in the prevalence of enuresis in individuals with sickle cell disease. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence and impact of enuresis on quality of life in individuals with sickle cell disease.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
This cross-sectional study evaluated individuals with sickle cell disease followed at a reference clinic, using a questionnaire designed to evaluate the age of complete toilet training, the presence of enuresis and lower urinary tract, and the impact on quality of life of these individuals.


RESULTS
Fifty children presenting SCD (52% females, mean age ten years) were included in the study. Of those, 34% (17/50) presented as HbSC, 56% with HbSS (28/50), 2% Sα-thalassemia (1/5) and 8% the type of SCD was not determined. The prevalence of enuresis was 42% (21/50), affecting 75% of subjects at fi ve years and about 15% of adolescents at 15 years of age. Enuresis was classifi ed as monosymptomatic in 33.3% (7/21) and nonmonosymptomatic in 66.6% (14/21) of the cases, being primary in all subjects. Nocturia was identifi ed in 24% (12/50), urgency in 20% (10/50) and daytime incontinence 10% (5/50) of the individuals. Enuresis had a signifi cant impact on the quality of life of 67% of the individuals.


CONCLUSION
Enuresis was highly prevalent among children with SCD, and continues to be prevalent throughout early adulthood, being more common in males. Primary nonmonosymptomatic enuresis was the most common type, and 2/3 of the study population had a low quality of life.
['Nelli|Alana de Medeiros|AM|', 'Mrad|Flavia Cristina de Carvalho|FCC|', 'Alvaia|Mateus de Andrade|MA|', 'Maia|Heros Aureliano Antunes da Silva|HAADS|', 'Guimarães|Carina Oliveira Silva|COS|', 'Carvalho|Evanilda Souza de Santana|ESS|', 'Gomes|Cristiano Mendes|CM|', 'Bastos|José Murillo|JM|', 'de Bessa|Jose|J|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D017677:Age Distribution D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell D001938:Brazil D002648:Child D002675:Child, Preschool D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D004775:Enuresis D005260:Female D006801:Humans D008297:Male D015995:Prevalence D011788:Quality of Life D017678:Sex Distribution D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires D064232:Visual Analog Scale D055815:Young Adult
Enuresis Quality of Life Sickle Cell Trait