Plasma metabolomic profiling of amino acids and polar lipids in Iranian obese adults.
BACKGROUND
Obesity, widely recognized as a serious health concern, is characterized by profoundly altered metabolism. However, the intermediate metabolites involved in this change remain largely unknown.


OBJECTIVE
We conducted targeted metabolomics profiling to identify moieties associated with adult obesity.


METHODS
In this case-control study of Iranian adults, 200 obese patients were compared with 100 controls based on 104 metabolites profiled by a targeted metabolomic approach using liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The analysis comprised acylcarnitines, diacyl-phosphatidylcholines (PCaa), acyl-alkyl-phosphatidylcholines (PCae), sphingomyelins (SM), lyso-phospholipids (LPC) and amino acids. We performed multivariable linear regression to identify metabolites associated with obesity, adjusting for age, sex, total energy intake, total physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The Bonferroni correction was used to adjust for multiple testing.


RESULTS
A pattern of 19 metabolites was significantly associated with obesity. Branched chain amino acids, alanine, glutamic acid, proline, tyrosine LPCa C16:1, PCaa C32:1, PCaa C32:2 and PCaa C38:3 were positively, while serine, asparagine, LPCa C18:1, LPCa C18:2, LPCe C18:0, PCae C34:3, PCae C38:4 and PCae C40:6 were negatively associated with obesity (all p < 0.00048).


CONCLUSIONS
A metabolomic profile containing 9 amino acids and 10 polar lipids may serve as a potential biomarker of adult obesity. Further studies are warranted to replicate these findings as well as investigate potential changes in this profile after weight reduction.
['Bagheri|Minoo|M|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6093-613X', 'Djazayery|Abolghasem|A|', 'Farzadfar|Farshad|F|', 'Qi|Lu|L|', 'Yekaninejad|Mir Saeed|MS|', 'Aslibekyan|Stella|S|', 'Chamari|Maryam|M|', 'Hassani|Hossein|H|', 'Koletzko|Berthold|B|', 'Uhl|Olaf|O|']
D000328:Adult D000428:Alcohol Drinking D000596:Amino Acids D015415:Biomarkers D015992:Body Mass Index D002331:Carnitine D016022:Case-Control Studies D002853:Chromatography, Liquid D015444:Exercise D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007492:Iran D016014:Linear Models D008246:Lysophospholipids D008297:Male D055442:Metabolome D055432:Metabolomics D009765:Obesity D010713:Phosphatidylcholines D012907:Smoking D013109:Sphingomyelins D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Metabolomics Amino acids Polar lipids Obesity