Video Feedback and 2-Dimensional Landing Kinematics in Elite Female Handball Players.
CONTEXT
In team handball, an anterior cruciate ligament injury often occurs during landing after a jump shot. Many intervention programs try to reduce the injury rate by instructing athletes to land more safely. Video is an effective way to provide feedback, but little is known about its influence on landing technique in sport-specific situations.


OBJECTIVE
To test the effectiveness of a video-overlay feedback method on landing technique in elite handball players.


DESIGN
Controlled laboratory study.


SETTING
Laboratory.


PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS
A total of 16 elite female handball players assigned to a control group (n = 8; age = 17.61 ± 1.34 years, height = 1.73 ± 0.06 m, mass = 69.55 ± 4.29 kg) or video group (n = 8; age = 17.81 ± 0.86 years, height = 1.71 ± 0.03 m, mass = 64.28 ± 6.29 kg).


INTERVENTION(S)
Both groups performed jump shots in a pretest, 2 training sessions, and a posttest. The video group received video feedback of an expert model with an overlay of their own jump shots in training sessions 1 and 2, whereas the control group did not.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
We measured ankle, knee, and hip angles in the sagittal plane at initial contact and peak flexion; range of motion; and Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) scores. One 2 × 4 repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted to analyze the group, time, and interaction effects of all kinematic outcome measures and the LESS score.


RESULTS
The video group improved knee and hip flexion at initial contact and peak flexion and range of motion. In addition, the group's average peak ankle flexion (12.0° at pretest to 21.8° at posttest) and LESS score (8.1 pretest to 4.0 posttest) improved. When we considered performance variables, no differences between groups were found in shot accuracy or vertical jump height, whereas horizontal jump distance in the video group increased over time.


CONCLUSIONS
Overlay visual feedback is an effective method for improving landing kinematics during a sport-specific jump shot. Further research is warranted to determine the long-term effects and transfer to training and game situations.
['Benjaminse|Anne|A|', 'Postma|Wytze|W|', 'Janssen|Ina|I|', 'Otten|Egbert|E|']
D000843:Ankle Joint D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries D056352:Athletes D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena D056228:Feedback, Sensory D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007719:Knee Joint D016059:Range of Motion, Articular D013177:Sports D014741:Video Recording D055815:Young Adult
anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention motor learning