Clinical and epidemiological features of textile contact dermatitis: an Italian multicentre study.
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of occupational and non-occupational textile dermatitis seems to be increasing, probably because of changed textile manufacturing techniques.


OBJECTIVE
Evaluation of the clinical features and epidemiology of textile contact dermatitis (TCD) in Italy.


METHODS
Demographic data, clinical history aspects, atopy and positive patch test reactions to occupational and non-occupational allergens were investigated in 277 textile dermatitis patients.


RESULTS
Contact dermatitis was the most frequent clinical presentation (95.3%). TCD was more common in females, in the fourth to fifth decades of life, and in atopic dermatitis patients. The lesions were prevalently eczematous (74.2%), and mostly located on the trunk and lower limbs in non-occupational cases, and on the hands in textile workers. Allergic TCD (58.3%) was more frequent than irritant TCD. The dyes (Disperse Blue 124, Disperse Blue 106, and Disperse Yellow 3) were most frequently responsible (79.8%), especially in non-occupational TCD. Formaldehyde and resins were more important in occupational TCD. Concomitant reactions among textile dyes and/or finishing resins were observed in 50.0% of patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Some strategies (sensitization potential of new textile chemicals, more stable dyes, reduced levels of formaldehyde in clothing, and collaboration with textile industry and trade associations) should be adopted to decrease the TCD incidence and update the textile patch testing series.
['Lisi|Paolo|P|', 'Stingeni|Luca|L|', 'Cristaudo|Antonio|A|', 'Foti|Caterina|C|', 'Pigatto|Paolo|P|', 'Gola|Massimo|M|', 'Schena|Donatella|D|', 'Corazza|Monica|M|', 'Bianchi|Leonardo|L|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D000485:Allergens D001391:Azo Compounds D002648:Child D002675:Child, Preschool D004396:Coloring Agents D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational D005260:Female D006801:Humans D015994:Incidence D007558:Italy D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D010328:Patch Tests D015995:Prevalence D013784:Textiles D055815:Young Adult
textile textile contact dermatitis contact dermatitis textile dermatitis patch test dyes finishing resins clothes