Incidence of Glove Perforation During Hand Surgical Procedures.
PURPOSE
To determine the rate of glove perforation during hand surgery.


METHODS
We prospectively examined the rate of glove perforations among 10 fellowship-trained hand surgeons at our institution during a 6 week period. Gloves were tested for perforation using a water-fill technique at the conclusion of each surgical procedure. Surgeons recorded the presence of any glove perforations.


RESULTS
Eleven perforations were identified in 10 gloves among 600 surgical procedures during the study period. The perforation rate per case was 1.5% (95% confidence interval, 0.78% to 2.8%). Forty percent of perforations (n = 4) occurred during fracture surgery. Other holes occurred during isolated carpal tunnel release (n = 3) or combined carpal tunnel and trigger finger release (n = 3). The perforation was noticed intraoperatively in only 2 gloves. The difference in perforation rate between single- and double-gloved procedures was not significant. There were no perforations in the inner glove of surgeons who double gloved. A total of 73% of holes (8 of 11) occurred on surgeons' index finger; 75% of these were on the dominant hand. The dominant thumb, non-dominant ring and nondominant little fingers each had a single perforation.


CONCLUSIONS
The rate of glove perforation during hand surgery is low. Holes can occur even during soft tissue procedures of short duration. The dominant index finger appears to be at greatest risk for perforation. When they do occur, most often holes are not noticed by the operating surgeon. The baseline glove perforation rate is unknown.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
A high level of vigilance is required to maintain sterile technique.
['Lutsky|Kevin F|KF|', 'Jones|Christopher|C|', 'Abboudi|Jack|J|', 'Kirkpatrick|William|W|', 'Liss|Fred|F|', 'Leinberry|Charles|C|', 'Ilyas|Asif|A|', 'Martin|Dennis|D|', 'Beredjiklian|Pedro K|PK|']
D004868:Equipment Failure D005932:Gloves, Surgical D006225:Hand D006801:Humans D015994:Incidence D019637:Orthopedic Procedures D011446:Prospective Studies
Glove perforation