Hedgehog signaling pathway and vitamin D receptor gene variants as potential risk factors in odontogenic cystic lesions.
OBJECTIVES
Genetic variants in the hedgehog signaling pathway and VDR gene are involved in inflammatory responses and neoplastic transformation. Current study investigated whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the hedgehog pathway genes PTCH1, GLI1, SMO, and VDR contribute to susceptibility to odontogenic cystic lesions, odontogenic keratocysts, or inflammatory radicular cysts.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Current study examined polymorphisms of PTCH1 (rs357564) and PTCH1 insertion (IVS1-83), GLI1 (rs2228224, rs2228226), SMO (rs2228617), and VDR (rs2228570, rs731236, rs7975232). A case-control study was conducted on 41 keratocyst cases, 43 radicular cyst cases, and control group of 93 healthy individuals without cystic lesions, radiographically confirmed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms were assessed by real-time and TaqMan SNP genotyping assays, while PTCH1 insertion 18 bp IVS1-83 polymorphism was determined by PCR.


RESULTS
The difference in genotype distribution between keratocyst cases and control group was observed for PTCH1 IVS1-83 and GLI1 rs2228224 polymorphism (p = 0.022, p = 0.030, respectively). Homozygous mutant GG genotype within GLI1 rs2228224 is associated with increased susceptibility for odontogenous keratocysts, with adjusted odds ratio of 4.098 (confidence interval of 1.482-11.328, p = 0.007).


CONCLUSION
GLI1 rs2228224 and PTCH1 polymorphisms could predispose to odontogenic keratocysts.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Variants in hedgehog signaling pathway genes, such as GLI1 and PTCH1, and vitamin D receptor gene, might be considered as molecular risk factors in odontogenic cystic lesions and potential targets for novel therapeutic approaches.
['Magic|Marko|M|', 'Zeljic|Katarina|K|', 'Jovandic|Stevo|S|', 'Stepic|Jelena|J|', 'Pejovic|Marko|M|', 'Colic|Snjezana|S|', 'Magic|Zvonko|Z|', 'Supic|Gordana|G|http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0350-4733']
D016022:Case-Control Studies D053823:Hedgehog Proteins D006801:Humans D009807:Odontogenic Cysts D000072081:Patched-1 Receptor D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol D012307:Risk Factors D015398:Signal Transduction D000072086:Smoothened Receptor D000071676:Zinc Finger Protein GLI1
Hedgehog signaling Vitamin D receptor Polymorphism PTCH1 GLI1 Odontogenic keratocysts