Facultative cheating supports the coexistence of diverse quorum-sensing alleles.
Bacterial quorum sensing enables bacteria to cooperate in a density-dependent manner via the group-wide secretion and detection of specific autoinducer molecules. Many bacterial species show high intraspecific diversity of autoinducer-receptor alleles, called pherotypes. The autoinducer produced by one pherotype activates its coencoded receptor, but not the receptor of another pherotype. It is unclear what selection forces drive the maintenance of pherotype diversity. Here, we use the ComQXPA system of Bacillus subtilis as a model system, to show that pherotype diversity can be maintained by facultative cheating--a minority pherotype exploits the majority, but resumes cooperation when its frequency increases. We find that the maintenance of multiple pherotypes by facultative cheating can persist under kin-selection conditions that select against "obligate cheaters" quorum-sensing response null mutants. Our results therefore support a role for facultative cheating and kin selection in the evolution of quorum-sensing diversity.
['Pollak|Shaul|S|', 'Omer-Bendori|Shira|S|', 'Even-Tov|Eran|E|', 'Lipsman|Valeria|V|', 'Bareia|Tasneem|T|', 'Ben-Zion|Ishay|I|', 'Eldar|Avigdor|A|']
D000483:Alleles D001412:Bacillus subtilis D005075:Biological Evolution D005798:Genes, Bacterial D014644:Genetic Variation D008954:Models, Biological D008957:Models, Genetic D009154:Mutation D053038:Quorum Sensing
quorum sensing bacteria Bacillus subtilis social evolution sociomicrobiology