The effect of the size of fluorescent dextran on its endocytic pathway.
Fluorescent dextrans are commonly used as macropinocytic probes to study the properties of endocytic cargoes; however, the effect of the size of dextrans on endocytic mechanisms has not been carefully analyzed. By using chemical and siRNA inhibition of individual endocytic pathways, we evaluated the internalization of two commonly used dextrans, Dex10 (dextran 10 kDa) and Dex70 (dextran 70 kDa), in mammalian HeLa cells and Caenorhabditis elegans coelomocytes. We revealed that Dex70 enters these two cell types predominantly via clathrin- and dynamin-independent and amiloride-sensitive macropinocytosis process; Dex10, on the other hand, enters the two cell types through clathrin-/dynamin-dependent micropinocytosis in addition to macropinocytosis. In addition, although different-sized dextrans follow different endocytic processes, they share common post-endocytic events. Herein, though straightforward, our studies support that the size of nanomaterials could play a paramount role in their inclusion into endocytic vesicles and suggest that care should be taken while selecting endocytic pathway markers. Based on our results, we propose that Dex70 is a better probe for macropinocytosis, whereas Dex10 and smaller molecules are better for probing general fluid-phase endocytosis, which includes macropinocytic and micropinocytic processes.
['Li|Lei|L|', 'Wan|Tao|T|', 'Wan|Min|M|', 'Liu|Bei|B|', 'Cheng|Ran|R|', 'Zhang|Rongying|R|']
D000818:Animals D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans D002478:Cells, Cultured D003911:Dextrans D004705:Endocytosis D005456:Fluorescent Dyes D006367:HeLa Cells D006801:Humans D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways D008970:Molecular Weight D010316:Particle Size D010873:Pinocytosis
dextrans probe macropinocytosis micropinocytosis endocytosis