Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Megakaryocytes and Platelets for Disease Modeling and Future Clinical Applications.
Platelets, derived from megakaryocytes, are anucleate cytoplasmic discs that circulate in the blood stream and play major roles in hemostasis, inflammation, and vascular biology. Platelet transfusions are used in a variety of medical settings to prevent life-threatening thrombocytopenia because of cancer therapy, other causes of acquired or inherited thrombocytopenia, and trauma. Currently, platelets used for transfusion purposes are donor derived. However, there is a drive to generate nondonor sources of platelets to help supplement donor-derived platelets. Efforts have been made by many laboratories to generate in vitro platelets and optimize their production and quality. In vitro-derived platelets have the potential to be a safer, more uniform product, and genetic manipulation could allow for better treatment of patients who become refractory to donor-derived units. This review focuses on potential clinical applications of in vitro-derived megakaryocytes and platelets, current methods to generate and expand megakaryocytes from pluripotent stem cell sources, and the use of these cells for disease modeling.
['Borst|Sara|S|', 'Sim|Xiuli|X|', 'Poncz|Mortimer|M|', 'French|Deborah L|DL|', 'Gadue|Paul|P|']
D001792:Blood Platelets D002460:Cell Line D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease D006402:Hematologic Diseases D006801:Humans D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells D008533:Megakaryocytes D010641:Phenotype D017713:Platelet Transfusion D034061:Thrombopoiesis
megakaryocytes blood platelets hematopoiesis humans induced pluripotent stem cells