Neurite outgrowth stimulation by n-3 and n-6 PUFAs of phospholipids in apoE-containing lipoproteins secreted from glial cells.
PUFAs, which account for 25-30% of the total fatty acids in the human brain, are important for normal brain development and cognitive function. However, it remains unclear how PUFAs are delivered to neurons and exert their effects. In this study, we demonstrated that n-3 and n-6 PUFAs added to the medium are incorporated into membrane phospholipids of primary glial cells from rat cortices, and then secreted as the fatty acid moiety of phospholipids in apoE-containing lipoproteins (LpEs). Tandem mass spectrometry analysis further showed that LpEs secreted from glial cells contain a variety of metabolites of PUFAs produced in glial cells by elongation and unsaturation. LpEs are absorbed by endocytosis into neurons via LDL receptor-related protein 1. LpE-containing n-3 and n-6 PUFAs exhibit a strong effect on neurite outgrowth of hippocampal neurons by increasing the number of branches. This study sheds light on the novel role of LpEs in the central nervous system and also a novel pathway in which PUFAs act on neurons.
['Nakato|Mitsuhiro|M|', 'Matsuo|Michinori|M|', 'Kono|Nozomu|N|', 'Arita|Makoto|M|', 'Arai|Hiroyuki|H|', 'Ogawa|Jun|J|', 'Kioka|Noriyuki|N|', 'Ueda|Kazumitsu|K|']
D000818:Animals D001057:Apolipoproteins E D002478:Cells, Cultured D002540:Cerebral Cortex D003470:Culture Media D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 D006624:Hippocampus D008074:Lipoproteins D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 D016501:Neurites D009457:Neuroglia D010743:Phospholipids D051381:Rats D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
neuron apolipoprotein E apolipoprotein E-containing lipoprotein low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 polyunsaturated fatty acid