Serum and Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Levels in Individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression.
BACKGROUND
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with a variety of inflammatory factors. Specifically, proinflammatory cytokines appear to be associated with the pathogenesis of OSAS.


METHODS
For the present meta-analysis and meta-regression on serum and plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in individuals with and without OSAS, we performed a systematic search without any restrictions of the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases to find relevant articles published up to February 1, 2020.


RESULTS
Fifty-five (adults: 29 studies on serum and 17 studies on plasma; children: 4 studies on serum and 5 studies on plasma) were included and analyzed. Always compared to age-matched healthy controls, the pooled MDs were as follows: adults, serum: 10.22 pg/mL (95% CI = 8.86, 11.58; p < 0.00001); adults, plasma: 5.90 pg/mL (95% CI = 4.00, 7.80; p < 0.00001); children, serum: 0.21 pg/mL (95% CI = 0.05, 0.37; p = 0.01); children, plasma: 5.90 pg/mL (95% CI = 4.00, 7.80; p < 0.00001).


CONCLUSIONS
Compared to healthy and age-matched controls, adult individuals with OSAS had significantly higher serum/plasma TNF-α levels. For children with OSAS, significantly higher levels were observed for TNF-α in serum but not in plasma.
['Imani|Mohammad Moslem|MM|', 'Sadeghi|Masoud|M|0000-0002-3586-3012', 'Khazaie|Habibolah|H|', 'Emami|Mehrdad|M|', 'Sadeghi Bahmani|Dena|D|0000-0002-1301-5522', 'Brand|Serge|S|0000-0003-2175-2765']
serum plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha obstructive sleep apnea syndrome meta-analysis meta-regression cytokine