Graphene nanocoating provides superb long-lasting corrosion protection to titanium alloy.
OBJECTIVE
The presence of metallic species around failed implants raises concerns about the stability of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V). Graphene nanocoating on titanium alloy (GN) has promising anti-corrosion properties, but its long-term protective potential and structural stability remains unknown. The objective was to determine GN's anti-corrosion potential and stability over time.


METHODS
GN and uncoated titanium alloy (Control) were challenged with a highly acidic fluorinated corrosive medium (pH 2.0) for up to 240 days. The samples were periodically tested using potentiodynamic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (elemental release). The integrity of samples was determined using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Statistical analyses were performed with one-sample t-test, paired t-test and one-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test with a pre-set significance level of 5%.


RESULTS
There was negligible corrosion and elemental loss on GN. After 240 days of corrosion challenge, the corrosion rate and roughness increased by two and twelve times for the Control whereas remained unchanged for GN. The nanocoating presented remarkably high structural integrity and coverage area (>98%) at all time points tested.


SIGNIFICANCE
Graphene nanocoating protects titanium alloy from corrosion and dissolution over a long period while maintaining high structural integrity. This coating has promising potential for persistent protection of titanium and potentially other metallic alloys against corrosion.
['Malhotra|Ritika|R|', 'Han|Yingmei|Y|', 'Nijhuis|Christian A|CA|', 'Silikas|Nikolaos|N|', 'Castro Neto|A H|AH|', 'Rosa|Vinicius|V|']
D000497:Alloys D003343:Corrosion D006108:Graphite D008422:Materials Testing D013499:Surface Properties D014025:Titanium
Implant Raman spectroscopy Electrochemistry (EIS) Ion/oxide release Passive layer/passivation Peri-implantitis/mucositis Surface modifications