Is V̇O2peak a Valid Estimation of V̇O2max in Swimmers with Physical Impairments?
Purpose: Peak and maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively) are used in assessing aerobic power. For swimmers with physical impairments, it is unclear whether the physiological variables obtained in 200-m and Nx200-m tests are similar. The objective of this study is to assess the validity of [Formula: see text] as an estimator of [Formula: see text] and complementary physiological variables, in particular, carbon dioxide production ([Formula: see text]), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), minute-ventilation ([Formula: see text] and absolute (HR) and relative (%HRmax) heart rates-which were obtained in a time trial test (200-m) and an incremental intermittent test (Nx200-m) performed by swimmers with physical impairments. Methods: Eleven well-trained swimmers with physical impairments performed 200-m all-out and Nx200-m from low to all-out (controlled by a visual pacer), both with a respiratory valve system and a portable gas analyzer. Results: A paired Student's t-test showed no statistical difference (p > .05) for all comparisons. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.97 and 0.98 for [Formula: see text] in l/min and ml/kg/min, respectively; ICC = 0.75 to 0.9 for [Formula: see text] (l/min and ml/kg/min),[Formula: see text] (in l/min) and HR (beats/min); ICC = 0.5 and 0.75 for %HRmax; and ICC < 0.5 for RER. Passing-Bablok regression showed that the dispersions were acceptable, considering the proportionality, except for HR and %HRmax. Bland-Altman method showed a high level of agreement for all variables. Conclusions: The [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], as well as the physiological variables [Formula: see text] and HR obtained, respectively, by 200-m and Nx200-m tests in swimmers with physical impairment were not different.
['Feitosa|Wellington G|WG|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8523-3940', 'Barbosa|Tiago M|TM|https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7071-2116', 'Correia|Ricardo de A|RA|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2137-2423', 'Castro|Flávio A de S|FAS|https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0848-8226']
D000328:Adult D002245:Carbon Dioxide D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical D005260:Female D006339:Heart Rate D006801:Humans D008297:Male D010101:Oxygen Consumption D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation D015203:Reproducibility of Results D064846:Sports for Persons with Disabilities D013550:Swimming D055815:Young Adult
Validation time trial test Paralympic swimming physiology incremental protocol