A Prospective Study of the Relationship of Sleep Quality and Duration with Gestational Weight Gain and Fat Gain.
Fewer than one-third of U.S. women meet the Institute of Medicine guidelines for healthy gestational weight gain (GWG). While poor sleep quality and short sleep duration have been associated with weight gain and obesity in the general population, the relationship of sleep with pregnancy weight and body composition changes is unclear. This study aimed to examine associations of sleep duration and quality with pregnancy-related changes in body weight and fat.  Pregnant women obtaining obstetric care through the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Healthcare System (UNC) (n = 339 who reported any sleep data) participating in the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study.  Participants were recruited at ≤12 weeks gestation and followed through delivery. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index measured sleep duration and quality in early and late pregnancy. Weight was measured at each pregnancy medical visit and skinfolds were measured each trimester. t-tests examined sleep changes from early to late pregnancy and regression analyses estimated associations of sleep quality and duration with GWG and gestational fat gain (GFG).  Sleep quality and duration declined across pregnancy. A greater proportion of women with high early pregnancy body mass index (>25) reported low sleep quality and short sleep duration. Sleep quality was not associated with GWG adequacy, whereas longer late pregnancy sleep duration was associated with greater odds of inadequate GWG. Shorter sleep duration and lower sleep quality in late, but not early, pregnancy were associated with greater GFG.  Lower sleep quality and shorter sleep duration in late pregnancy were associated with greater GFG. Experimental studies are needed to test the direction of causality between GFG and sleep attributes. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02217462.
['Hill|Christine|C|', 'Lipsky|Leah M|LM|', 'Betts|Grace M|GM|', 'Siega-Riz|Anna Maria|AM|', 'Nansel|Tonja R|TR|']
D015992:Body Mass Index D005260:Female D000078064:Gestational Weight Gain D006801:Humans D050177:Overweight D011247:Pregnancy D011248:Pregnancy Complications D011446:Prospective Studies D012890:Sleep D015430:Weight Gain
prospective study sleep gestational weight gain pregnancy gestational fat gain