Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids regulation of PPARs, signaling: Relationship to tissue development and aging.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that function as ligand-dependent transcription factors that can be activated by different types of fatty acids (FAs). Three isoforms of PPARs have been identify, namely, PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, which are able to bind long-chain polyunsaturated FAs (LCPUFAs), n-3 LCPUFAs being bound with greater affinity to achieve activation. FA binding induces a conformational change of the nuclear receptors, triggering the transcription of specific genes including those encoding for various metabolic and cellular processes such as FA β-oxidation and adipogenesis, thus representing key mediators of lipid homeostasis. In addition, PPARs have important roles during placental, embryonal, and fetal development, and in the regulation of processes related to aging comprising oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuroprotection. The aim of this review was to assess the role of FAs as PPARs ligands, in terms of their main functions associated with FA metabolism and their relevance in the prevention and treatment of related pathologies during human life span.
['Echeverría|Francisca|F|', 'Ortiz|Macarena|M|', 'Valenzuela|Rodrigo|R|', 'Videla|Luis A|LA|']
D050156:Adipogenesis D000375:Aging D000818:Animals D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated D005260:Female D005786:Gene Expression Regulation D006801:Humans D050356:Lipid Metabolism D018384:Oxidative Stress D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors D010929:Placentation D011247:Pregnancy D011485:Protein Binding D011487:Protein Conformation D015398:Signal Transduction
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids Tissue development Aging Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids