Biophysical and Biochemical Comparison of Extracellular Vesicles Produced by Infective and Non-Infective Stages of Trypanosoma cruzi.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid vesicles released by either any prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell, or both, with a biological role in cell-to-cell communication. In this work, we characterize the proteomes and nanomechanical properties of EVs released by tissue-culture cell-derived trypomastigotes (mammalian infective stage; (TCT)) and epimastigotes (insect stage; (E)) of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. EVs of each stage were isolated by differential centrifugation and analyzed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Measurements of zeta-potential were also included. Results show marked differences in the surface molecular cargos of EVs between both stages, with a noteworthy expansion of all groups of trans-sialidase proteins in trypomastigote's EVs. In contrast, chromosomal locations of trans-sialidases of EVs of epimastigotes were dramatically reduced and restricted to subtelomeric regions, indicating a possible regulatable expression of these proteins between both stages of the parasite. Regarding mechanical properties, EVs of trypomastigotes showed higher adhesion compared to the EVs of epimastigotes. These findings demonstrate the remarkable surface remodeling throughout the life cycle of T. cruzi, which shapes the physicochemical composition of the extracellular vesicles and could have an impact in the ability of these vesicles to participate in cell communication in completely different niches of infection.
['Retana Moreira|Lissette|L|', 'Prescilla-Ledezma|Alexa|A|0000-0001-5324-6344', 'Cornet-Gomez|Alberto|A|', 'Linares|Fátima|F|0000-0003-2205-5953', 'Jódar-Reyes|Ana Belén|AB|', 'Fernandez|Jorge|J|0000-0002-6181-2833', 'Ibarrola Vannucci|Ana Karina|AK|0000-0001-8790-8916', 'De Pablos|Luis Miguel|LM|0000-0001-8940-2919', 'Osuna|Antonio|A|0000-0002-3818-1471']
D000818:Animals D014355:Chagas Disease D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions D008018:Life Cycle Stages D008297:Male D051379:Mice D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C D020543:Proteome D015800:Protozoan Proteins D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi D014709:Vero Cells
extracellular vesicles Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote epimastigote atomic force microscopy zeta-potential trans-sialidase proteins mechanical properties