Immune mechanisms in inflammatory and degenerative eye disease.
It has recently been recognized that pathology of age-associated degenerative eye diseases such as adult macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy, have strong immunological underpinnings. Attempts have been made to extrapolate to age-related degenerative disease insights from inflammatory processes associated with non-infectious uveitis, but these have not yet been sufficiently informative. Here we review recent findings on the immune processes underlying uveitis and those that have been shown to contribute to AMD, discussing in this context parallels and differences between overt inflammation and para-inflammation in the eye. We propose that mechanisms associated with ocular immune privilege, in combination with paucity of age-related antigen(s) within the target tissue, dampen what could otherwise be overt inflammation and result in the para-inflammation that characterizes age-associated neurodegenerative disease.
['Perez|Victor L|VL|', 'Caspi|Rachel R|RR|']
D056704:Adaptive Immunity D000818:Animals D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells D016207:Cytokines D006801:Humans D018836:Inflammation Mediators D008268:Macular Degeneration D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets D014605:Uveitis
degeneration AMD uveitis inflammation parainflammation