The global burden and attributable risk factor analysis of acute myeloid leukemia in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017: estimates based on the global burden of disease study 2017.
BACKGROUND
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common leukemia subtype and has a poor prognosis. The risk of AML is highly related to age. In the context of population aging, a comprehensive report presenting epidemiological trends of AML is evaluable for policy-marker to allocate healthy resources.


METHODS
This study was based on the Global Burden of Disease 2017 database. We analyzed the change trends of incidence rate, death rate, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rate by calculating the corresponding estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) values. Besides, we investigated the influence of social development degree on AML's epidemiological trends and potential risk factors for AML-related mortality.


RESULTS
From 1990 to 2017, the incidence of AML gradually increased in the globe. Males and elder people had a higher possibility to develop AML. Developed countries tended to have higher age-standardized incidence rate and death rate than developing regions. Smoking, high body mass index, occupational exposure to benzene, and formaldehyde were the main risk factors for AML-related mortality. Notably, the contribution ratio of exposure to carcinogens was significantly increased in the low social-demographic index (SDI) region than in the high SDI region.


CONCLUSION
Generally, the burden of AML became heavier during the past 28 years which might need more health resources to resolve this population aging-associated problem. In the present stage, developed countries with high SDI had the most AML incidences and deaths. At the same time, developing countries with middle- or low-middle SDI also need to take actions to relieve rapidly increased AML burden.
['Yi|Ming|M|', 'Li|Anping|A|', 'Zhou|Linghui|L|', 'Chu|Qian|Q|', 'Song|Yongping|Y|', 'Wu|Kongming|K|0000-0003-2499-1032']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D017677:Age Distribution D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D002273:Carcinogens D002648:Child D002675:Child, Preschool D019049:Developed Countries D003906:Developing Countries D004781:Environmental Exposure D005260:Female D000071219:Global Burden of Disease D014943:Global Health D006801:Humans D015994:Incidence D007223:Infant D007231:Infant, Newborn D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D009026:Mortality D009765:Obesity D011157:Population Dynamics D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years D040841:Resource Allocation D012307:Risk Factors D017678:Sex Distribution D012907:Smoking D064890:Social Determinants of Health D055815:Young Adult
Acute myeloid leukemia Population aging Cancer epidemiology Cancer statistics Global burden disease