Myeloma and Bone Disease.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Bone disease is a defining characteristic of multiple myeloma (MM) and the major cause of morbidity. It manifests as lytic lesions or osteopenia and is often associated with severe pain, pathological fracture, spinal cord compression, vertebral collapse, and hypercalcemia. Here, we have reviewed recent data on understanding its biology and treatment.


RECENT FINDINGS
The imbalance between bone regeneration and bone resorption underlies the pathogenesis of osteolytic bone disease. Increased osteoclast proliferation and activity accompanied by inhibition of bone-forming osteoblasts leads to progressive bone loss and lytic lesions. Although tremendous progress has been made, MM remains an incurable disease. Novel agents targeting bone disease are under investigation with the goal of not only preventing bone loss and improving bone quality but also harnessing MM tumor growth. Current data illustrate that the interactions between MM cells and the tumor-bone microenvironment contribute to the bone disease and continued MM progression. A better understanding of this microenvironment is critical for novel therapeutic treatments of both MM and associated bone disease.
['Panaroni|Cristina|C|', 'Yee|Andrew J|AJ|', 'Raje|Noopur S|NS|']
D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic D001842:Bone and Bones D000072716:Cancer Pain D004164:Diphosphonates D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous D006801:Humans D006934:Hypercalcemia D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells D009101:Multiple Myeloma D010006:Osteoblasts D010010:Osteoclasts D010014:Osteolysis D013117:Spinal Cord Compression D016103:Spinal Fractures D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
Multiple myeloma Osteolytic bone disease Bisphosphonates Bone marrow stromal cells Tumor microenvironment