Effects of an antioxidant beverage on biomarkers of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's patients.
PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to test whether daily consumption of a beverage with high antioxidant power, combining extracts of green tea and apple over a period of 8 months, would affect blood and urinary concentrations of biomarkers of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's patients.


METHODS
The study included 100 subjects, 48 of them were Alzheimer's patients, aged 76.5 ± 3.5 years, and 52 were control subjects, aged 79 ± 4 years, without dementia. Three blood and urine samples were taken from each participant, the first (T i) before starting the antioxidant or placebo beverage intake, the second (T m) 4 months after the antioxidant or placebo beverage intake and the third (T f) 8 months after the antioxidant or placebo beverage intake, and concentrations of biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured on serum, lysed erythrocytes or urine by UV-Vis spectrophotometry or by competitive in vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, according to the parameter analyzed.


RESULTS
The administration of the antioxidant beverage to the Alzheimer's patients prevented the decrease in total antioxidant status in the moderate phase of the disease (T i = 1.40 ± 0.10 mmol/L vs T f = 1.20 ± 0.08 mmol/L), increased values of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in initial (165 and 24 % respectively) and moderate phase (75 and 85 % respectively), and prevented the increase in protein carbonyls in moderate phase (T i = 0.17 ± 0.07 nmol/mg protein vs T f = 0.21 ± 0.06 nmol/mg protein), with a significant decrease in protein carbonyls since the fourth month of the intake in initial phase (T m = 0.21 ± 0.06 nmol/mg protein vs T f = 0.11 ± 0.05 nmol/mg protein).


CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that antioxidant beverage could be used as a natural complementary therapy for alleviate or decrease the oxidative stress effects in the stages of Alzheimer's disease.
['Rubio-Perez|Jose M|JM|', 'Albaladejo|Maria D|MD|', 'Zafrilla|Pilar|P|', 'Vidal-Guevara|Maria L|ML|', 'Morillas-Ruiz|Juana M|JM|']
D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D000410:Alanine Transaminase D000544:Alzheimer Disease D000975:Antioxidants D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases D001628:Beverages D015415:Biomarkers D015992:Body Mass Index D002097:C-Reactive Protein D016022:Case-Control Studies D003849:Deoxyguanosine D005260:Female D005293:Ferritins D005492:Folic Acid D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase D006710:Homocysteine D006801:Humans D028421:Isoprostanes D008055:Lipids D008297:Male D027845:Malus D018384:Oxidative Stress D010936:Plant Extracts D050050:Protein Carbonylation D013482:Superoxide Dismutase D013662:Tea D014805:Vitamin B 12
Antioxidant Beverage Oxidative stress Green tea Apple Alzheimer’s disease