Comparative Genomics Reveals 13 Different Isoforms of Mytimycins (A-M) in Mytilus galloprovincialis.
Mytimycins are cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides that show antifungal properties. These peptides are part of the immune network that constitutes the defense system of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). The immune system of mussels has been increasingly studied in the last decade due to its great efficiency, since these molluscs, particularly resistant to adverse conditions and pathogens, are present all over the world, being considered as an invasive species. The recent sequencing of the mussel genome has greatly simplified the genetic study of some of its immune genes. In the present work, we describe a total of 106 different mytimycin variants in 16 individual mussel genomes. The 13 highly supported mytimycin clusters (A-M) identified with phylogenetic inference were found to be subject to the presence/absence variation, a widespread phenomenon in mussels. We also identified a block of conserved residues evolving under purifying selection, which may indicate the "functional core" of the mature peptide, and a conserved set of 10 invariable plus 6 accessory cysteines which constitute a plastic disulfide array. Finally, we extended the taxonomic range of distribution of mytimycins among Mytilida, identifying novel sequences in M. coruscus, M. californianus, P. viridis, L. fortunei, M. philippinarum, M. modiolus, and P. purpuratus.
['Rey-Campos|Magalí|M|', 'Novoa|Beatriz|B|', 'Pallavicini|Alberto|A|', 'Gerdol|Marco|M|0000-0001-6411-0813', 'Figueras|Antonio|A|0000-0002-0617-0030']
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence D000818:Animals D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides D020869:Gene Expression Profiling D016678:Genome D023281:Genomics D007526:Isoelectric Point D049878:Mytilus D016366:Open Reading Frames D010802:Phylogeny D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic D020033:Protein Isoforms D059467:Transcriptome
mytimycins Mytilus galloprovincialis mussel genome RNA-seq isoelectric point positive and negative selection promoter