Screening for infertility-related stress at the time of initial infertility consultation: psychometric properties of a brief measure.
AIM
To develop and psychometrically test a brief self-report to assess the amount of infertility-related stress; to investigate how infertility-related stress was associated to socio-demographics, causes of infertility and emotional distress.


BACKGROUND
Infertility exerts a stress effect on both personal and interpersonal areas. Due to the burden of multiple assessments in fertility clinics, there is the need for very brief and easy to administer measures of the stressful impact of infertility on the intrapersonal and interpersonal life domains.


DESIGN
The study had a psychometric, cross-sectional design.


METHOD
Between January - December 2013, a total of 597 Italian infertile patients (58·6% women), recruited at the time of initial infertility consultation, completed the Infertility-Related Stress Scale. A subsample of 200 participants (50% women) also completed self-reports of anxiety and depression. A subsample of 40 patients completed again the Infertility-Related Stress Scale at a 4-week follow-up visit.


RESULTS
Confirmatory factor analyses supported the proposed two-factor model of infertility stress affecting intrapersonal and interpersonal life domains. Both dimensions showed good reliability and were associated in expected ways with emotional distress. Patients with above-threshold levels of anxiety and depression showed higher infertility stress in both domains and particularly in the intrapersonal area. Infertility stress was significantly higher in women than in men in the intrapersonal domain.


CONCLUSION
The Infertility-Related Stress Scale showed evidence of validity and reliability. This new, brief self-report can assist fertility clinic staff in identifying those patients who need support to overcome the stressful impact of infertility on intrapersonal and interpersonal domains.
['Casu|Giulia|G|', 'Gremigni|Paola|P|']
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological D000328:Adult D001008:Anxiety Disorders D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007247:Infertility, Female D007248:Infertility, Male D007398:Interpersonal Relations D007558:Italy D008297:Male D011594:Psychometrics D015203:Reproducibility of Results D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted D057566:Self Report D012959:Socioeconomic Factors D013315:Stress, Psychological D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
interpersonal life anxiety depression infertility stress assisted reproductive technology fertility nurses instrument development intrapersonal life nursing