Sequential ultrasonication and deep eutectic solvent pretreatment to remove lignin and recover xylose from oil palm fronds.
This study demonstrated the effect of two-pot sequential pretreatment, comprising of ultrasound assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) with the aim to investigate the effects of ultrasound amplitude and duration in enhancing delignification. Oil palm fronds (OPF) were ultrasonicated in a water medium, followed by a pretreatment using DES (choline chloride:urea). Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, Brunauer-Emmet-Teller and solubilised lignin concentration were conducted to confirm the effectiveness of ultrasound assisted DES on the pretreatment of OPF. The recommended ultrasound conditions were determined to be 70% amplitude and duration of 30 min, where the sequential DES pretreatment was able to reduce lignin content of OPF to 14.01%, while improving xylose recovery by 58%.
['Ong|Victor Zhenquan|VZ|', 'Wu|Ta Yeong|TY|', 'Lee|Cornelius Basil Tien Loong|CBTL|', 'Cheong|Nicholas Wei Ren|NWR|', 'Shak|Katrina Pui Yee|KPY|']
D028023:Arecaceae D018533:Biomass D002482:Cellulose D005591:Chemical Fractionation D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration D006868:Hydrolysis D008031:Lignin D012997:Solvents D013010:Sonication D013997:Time Factors D014867:Water D014994:Xylose
Deep eutectic solvent Ultrasound Biomass valorization Biorefinery Energy irradiation Green solvent