Reactivation of peroxidase activity in human saliva samples by polyphenols.
OBJECTIVES
The enzyme lactoperoxidase (LPO), which is released into several body fluids like saliva, is an essential part to maintain the oral bacterial homeostasis by catalysing the oxidation of thiocyanate (SCN-) to hypo-thiocyanite (-OSCN). The formation of unreactive redox intermediates (like Compound II) leads to a decreased pseudo-halogenating enzyme activity, which is associated with a higher risk for oral infections. According to former studies with bovine LPO selected flavonoids were tested in respect to their potential to reactivate the enzymatic activity in a more physiological, human salivary system.


DESIGN
Saliva samples from healthy donors were collected and characterized by using several gel staining methods and immunoblotting. Afterwards kinetic measurements were performed by applying the TNB-assay to evaluate the pseudo-halogenating salivary peroxidase (SAPX) activity. The measurements were performed in the presence of excess H2O2 to simulate pro-inflammatory conditions. Moreover selected flavonoids or an ethanolic extract of Tormentillae rhizoma were applied to test their regenerating effect on the LPO-derived -OSCN production.


RESULTS
Despite the complex protein composition of the collected saliva samples, an SAPX-derived pseudo-halogenating activity could be identified. The -OSCN regenerating effects of the tested polyphenols were completely comparable to previous in vitro experiments with bovine LPO. Thus, we could show that phenolic substances are suitable to regenerate the peroxidase activity in human saliva samples after H2O2-induced inactivation.


CONCLUSION
The studies provide new insights into the effect of pharmaceutical relevant polyphenols on salivary peroxidase activity and thus, suggest this enzyme as a new target for the prevention and therapy of oral inflammatory diseases.
['Gau|Jana|J|', 'Arnhold|Jürgen|J|', 'Flemmig|Jörg|J|']
D000328:Adult D005260:Female D005419:Flavonoids D064368:Healthy Volunteers D006801:Humans D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide D015151:Immunoblotting D007784:Lactoperoxidase D008297:Male D010936:Plant Extracts D059808:Polyphenols D012463:Saliva D013634:Tannins
Saliva Polyphenols Lactoperoxidase Salivary peroxidase Hypothiocyanite Inflammation