Prevalence and Major Causes of Visual Impairment in Iranian Adults: A Systematic Review.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to provide a pooled estimate of moderate-to-severe visual impairment (MSVI) and blindness in Iran for people 50 years and over and to identify the major causes through systematic review.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
International (PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus) and national databases (Scientific Information Database, Barakat Knowledge Network System, Iran Databank of Ophthalmology Research, and Magiran) databases were searched. Following relevance assessment and critical appraisal, eight studies were included. A funnel plot was drawn to explore the stability for estimation. Single-variable meta-regression analysis was applied for heterogeneity assessment, and a random effect model was used (but no significant source for the observed heterogeneity was found).


RESULTS
Age-standardized pooled estimate of MSVI was 4.24% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.92-5.56); 3.98% (95% CI: 2.37-5.59) for men, and 4.08% (95% CI: 2.95-5.21) for women. Blindness (visual acuity <3/60) prevalence was 1.31% (95% CI: 1.23-1.39); 0.96% (95% CI: 0.89-1.03) for men, and 1.13% (95% CI: 1.06-1.20) for women. Causes of visual impairment (VI) were cataract (40.23%), amblyopia (12.03%), corneal opacity (9.63%), age-related macular degeneration (9.31%), diabetic retinopathy (4.94%), and glaucoma (3.67%).


CONCLUSION
VI prevalence in the 50 years and older population in Iran seems significantly better than the corresponding global estimates. A rough 60% rate of treatable VI was estimated, mostly attributable to unoperated cataract.
['Mohammadi|Seyed-Farzad|SF|', 'Saeedi-Anari|Ghasem|G|', 'Ashrafi|Elham|E|', 'Mohammadi|Seyed-Mehrdad|SM|', 'Farzadfar|Farshad|F|', 'Lashay|Alireza|A|', 'Hashemi|Hassan|H|']
D001766:Blindness D016208:Databases, Factual D005128:Eye Diseases D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007492:Iran D008297:Male D015995:Prevalence D012938:Social Perception D015354:Vision, Low D019987:Visually Impaired Persons
prevalence Causes visual impairment systematic review Iran