Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Stroke Mortality Attributable to High Sodium Intake in China and Japan.
Background and Purpose- The aim of this study is to assess the long-term trends in stroke mortality attributable to high sodium intake in China and Japan during the period 1990 to 2016. Methods- The mortality data were obtained from the GBD study (Global Burden of Disease) 2016 and were analyzed using an age-period-cohort method. Results- The age-standardized mortality rates showed declining trends for high sodium intake-related stroke mortality. The overall net drifts per year were -3.1% for Chinese men and -5.0% for Chinese women; and -4.6% for Japanese men and -5.7% for Japanese women. The local drift values were below zero in all age groups for both sexes in both countries, and all local drift values of female participants were below their counterparts of male participants. The longitudinal age curves of high sodium intake-attributable stroke mortality increased rapidly for both sexes in China, whereas those of Japanese were slowly rising. The period and cohort rate ratios were found to have similar downward patterns for both sexes in both countries, with a quicker decline for women than for men (significantly with P<0.05 for all). Conclusions- The age-standardized mortality rates, the period effect and the cohort effect of stroke mortality attributable to high sodium intake in China and Japan have been declining in both sexes and all age groups from 1990 to 2016. Consequently, sodium-reduction strategies are of low cost and effective for the prevention of stroke. It is necessary to educate the nation with the correct knowledge on healthy diet and techniques to reduce salt consumption.
['Cao|Jinhong|J|', 'Eshak|Ehab S|ES|', 'Liu|Keyang|K|', 'Gero|Krisztina|K|', 'Liu|Zhiming|Z|', 'Yu|Chuanhua|C|']
D000328:Adult D000367:Age Factors D000368:Aged D002681:China D015331:Cohort Studies D004032:Diet D000072001:Diet, Healthy D005260:Female D000071219:Global Burden of Disease D006266:Health Education D006801:Humans D007564:Japan D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D012307:Risk Factors D012737:Sex Factors D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary D020521:Stroke
stroke mortality sodium China Japan