Preoperative multiparametric MRI of the prostate for the prediction of lymph node metastases in prostate cancer patients treated with extended pelvic lymph node dissection.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the role of preoperative multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) of the prostate in the prediction of nodal metastases in patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND).


METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed 101 patients who underwent both preoperative mpMRI of the prostate and RP with ePLND at our institution. For each patient, complete preoperative clinical data and tumour characteristics at mpMRI were recorded. Final histopathologic stage was considered the standard of reference. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.


RESULTS
Nodal metastases were found in 23/101 (22.8%) patients. At univariate analyses, all clinical and radiological parameters were significantly associated to nodal invasion (all p<0.03); tumour volume at MRI (mrV), tumour ADC and tumour T-stage at MRI (mrT) were the most accurate predictors (AUC = 0.93, 0.86 and 0.84, respectively). A multivariate model including PSA levels, primary Gleason grade, mrT and mrV showed high predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.956). Observed prevalence of nodal metastases was very low among tumours with mrT2 stage and mrV<1cc (1.8%).


CONCLUSION
Preoperative mpMRI of the prostate can predict nodal metastases in prostate cancer patients, potentially allowing a better selection of candidates to ePLND.


KEY POINTS
• Multiparametric-MRI of the prostate can predict nodal metastases in prostate cancer • Tumour volume and stage at MRI are the most accurate predictors • Prevalence of nodal metastases is low for T2-stage and <1cc tumours • Preoperative mpMRI may allow a better selection of candidates to lymphadenectomy.
['Brembilla|Giorgio|G|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-8624', "Dell'Oglio|Paolo|P|", 'Stabile|Armando|A|', 'Ambrosi|Alessandro|A|', 'Cristel|Giulia|G|', 'Brunetti|Lisa|L|', 'Damascelli|Anna|A|', 'Freschi|Massimo|M|', 'Esposito|Antonio|A|', 'Briganti|Alberto|A|', 'Montorsi|Francesco|F|', 'Del Maschio|Alessandro|A|', 'De Cobelli|Francesco|F|']
D000368:Aged D006801:Humans D008197:Lymph Node Excision D008198:Lymph Nodes D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D060787:Neoplasm Grading D057234:Preoperative Period D011467:Prostate D011468:Prostatectomy D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms D015203:Reproducibility of Results D012189:Retrospective Studies
Lymph nodes Prostate cancer Lymph node dissection Tumour volume Magnetic resonance imaging