HIV status, breastfeeding modality at 5 months and postpartum maternal weight changes over 24 months in rural South Africa.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of infant feeding practices on postpartum weight change among HIV-infected and -uninfected women in South Africa.


METHODS
In a non-randomised intervention cohort study of antiretroviral therapy-naïve women in South Africa, infants were classified as exclusive (EBF), mixed (MF) or non-breastfed (NBF) at each visit. We analysed infant feeding cumulatively from birth to 5 months using 24-hour feeding history (collected weekly for each of the preceding 7 days). Using generalised estimating equation mixed models, allowing for repeated measures, we compared postpartum weight change (kg) from the first maternal postpartum weight within the first 6 weeks (baseline weight) to each subsequent visit through 24 months among 2340 HIV-infected and -uninfected women with live births and at least two postpartum weight measurements.


RESULTS
HIV-infected (-0.2 kg CI: -1.7 to 1.3 kg; P = 0.81) and -uninfected women (-0.5 kg; 95% CI: -2.1 to 1.2 kg; P = 0.58) had marginal non-significant weight loss from baseline to 24 months postpartum. Adjusting for HIV status, socio-demographic, pregnancy-related and infant factors, 5-month feeding modality was not significantly associated with postpartum weight change: weight change by 24 months postpartum, compared to the change in the reference EBF group, was 0.03 kg in NBF (95% CI: -2.5 to +2.5 kg; P = 0.90) and 0.1 kg in MF (95% CI: -3.0 to +3.2 kg; P = 0.78).


CONCLUSION
HIV-infected and -uninfected women experienced similar weight loss over 24 months. Weight change postpartum was not associated with 5-month breastfeeding modality among HIV-infected and -uninfected women.
['Chetty|Terusha|T|', 'Carter|Rosalind J|RJ|', 'Bland|Ruth M|RM|', 'Newell|Marie-Louise|ML|']
D000328:Adult D019380:Anti-HIV Agents D001942:Breast Feeding D005260:Female D005500:Follow-Up Studies D015658:HIV Infections D006801:Humans D007223:Infant D041943:Infant Formula D007231:Infant, Newborn D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical D007774:Lactation D015233:Models, Statistical D019829:Nevirapine D010298:Parity D049590:Postpartum Period D011247:Pregnancy D012959:Socioeconomic Factors D013019:South Africa D013997:Time Factors D019562:Viral Load D015430:Weight Gain D015431:Weight Loss D055815:Young Adult
breastfeeding postpartum HIV infection allaitement amamantamiento body weight change cambio de peso corporal infección por VIH infection par le VIH postparto variation du poids corporel