Estimated risk of cardiovascular disease among the HIV-positive patients aged 40 years or older in Taiwan.
BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an emerging cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-positive patients receiving successful combination antiretroviral therapy, but their CVD risk has been rarely investigated in Asia-Pacific region. We aimed to assess the CVD risk of HIV-positive Taiwanese outpatients.


METHODS
We did cross-sectional questionnaire interviews to collect information of HIV-positive Taiwanese patients aged 40-79 at the HIV clinics of a medical center from 1 March to 31 August, 2017. The Framingham Risk Score (FRS), Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk score and Data-Collection on Adverse effects of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) risk score were used to estimate their CVD risk.


RESULTS
Of the screened 1251 patients, 1006 (80.4%) with complete data to assess their CVD risk were included for analyses. The prevalence of patients aged 40-75 and with a high CVD risk was 30.6% by FRS, 3.7% by D:A:D (R) risk score, and 22.2% by ASCVD risk score. In multiple logistic regression, older age, current smoking, higher systolic blood pressure, and higher triglyceride and fasting glucose levels were independently associated with the ASCVD risk score ≥7.5%. If current smokers aged 55-59 had stopped smoking, the proportions of them with a 10-year CVD risk of ≥10% by FRS and ≥7.5% by ASCVD risk score would have decreased by 35.3% and 20.0%, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Higher CVD risk estimates among HIV-positive Taiwanese aged 40-75 were associated with an older age, current smoking, higher systolic blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperglycemia. Smoking cessation could potentially lead to significant decreases of CVD risk.
['Wu|Pei-Ying|PY|', 'Chen|Mao-Yuan|MY|', 'Sheng|Wang-Huei|WH|', 'Hsieh|Szu-Min|SM|', 'Chuang|Yu-Chung|YC|', 'Cheng|Aristine|A|', 'Pan|Sung-Ching|SC|', 'Wu|Un-In|UI|', 'Chang|Hsi-Yen|HY|', 'Luo|Yu-Zhen|YZ|', 'Yang|Shang-Ping|SP|', 'Zhang|Jun-Yu|JY|', 'Sun|Hsin-Yun|HY|', 'Hung|Chien-Ching|CC|']
D000328:Adult D000368:Aged D019380:Anti-HIV Agents D050197:Atherosclerosis D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases D015897:Comorbidity D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D005260:Female D006678:HIV D015658:HIV Infections D006801:Humans D006973:Hypertension D016015:Logistic Models D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D015995:Prevalence D018570:Risk Assessment D012307:Risk Factors D012907:Smoking D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires D013624:Taiwan
Antiretroviral therapy Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) Data-collection on adverse effects of anti-HIV drugs (D:A:D) Comorbidity Framingham equation