Non-Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
We review recent developments on risk factors in schizophrenia.


RECENT FINDINGS
The way we think about schizophrenia today is profoundly different from the way this illness was seen in the twentieth century. We now know that the etiology of schizophrenia is multifactorial and reflects an interaction between genetic vulnerability and environmental contributors. Environmental risk factors such as pregnancy and birth complications, childhood trauma, migration, social isolation, urbanicity, and substance abuse, alone and in combination, acting at a number of levels over time, influence the individual's likelihood to develop the disorder. Environmental risk factors together with the identification of a polygenic risk score for schizophrenia, research on gene-environment interaction and environment-environment interaction have hugely increased our knowledge of the disorder.
['Stilo|Simona A|SA|', 'Murray|Robin M|RM|']
D005260:Female D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction D006801:Humans D020412:Multifactorial Inheritance D011247:Pregnancy D011248:Pregnancy Complications D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects D012307:Risk Factors D012559:Schizophrenia D019966:Substance-Related Disorders
Schizophrenia Risk factors Childhood trauma Cannabis Environment Gene–environment interaction Psychosis