Modulation of brain insulin signaling in Alzheimer's disease: New insight on the protective role of green coffee bean extract.
Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, involves brain insulin signaling cascades and insulin resistance (IR). Because of limited treatment options, new treatment strategies are mandatory. Green coffee bean extract (GCBE) was reported to attenuate IR and improve brain energy metabolism. We aimed to investigate the possible use of GCBE as a prophylactic strategy to delay the onset of AD or combined with pioglitazone (PIO) as a strategy to retard the progression of AD.Methods: Rats received 10% fructose in drinking water for 18 weeks to induce AD. GCBE-prophylactic group received GCBE for 22 weeks started 4 weeks prior to fructose administration. The PIO group treated with PIO for 6 weeks started on week 12 of fructose administration. The GCBE+PIO group received GCBE for 22 weeks started 4 weeks prior to fructose administration and treated with PIO for the last 6 weeks of fructose administration.Results: Pretreatment with GCBE, either alone or combined with PIO, alleviated IR-induced AD changes. GCBE improved cognition, decreased serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate, increased phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) activity and protein kinase B (Akt) gene expression, decreased glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GS3Kβ) gene expression and Tau hyperphosphorylation.Discussion: GCBE exerted neuroprotective effects against IR-induced AD mediated by alleviating IR and modulating brain insulin signaling cascade.
['Mohamed|Hoda E|HE|', 'Asker|Mervat E|ME|', 'Younis|Nahla N|NN|', 'Shaheen|Mohamed A|MA|', 'Eissa|Rana G|RG|']
D000544:Alzheimer Disease D000818:Animals D001921:Brain D003069:Coffee D006624:Hippocampus D007328:Insulin D007333:Insulin Resistance D008297:Male D018696:Neuroprotective Agents D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases D000077205:Pioglitazone D010936:Plant Extracts D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt D017208:Rats, Wistar D015398:Signal Transduction
Insulin resistance Pioglitazone Fructose Tau hyperphosphorylation Neurofilament