Insulin resistance as a risk factor for gallbladder stone formation in Korean postmenopausal women.
BACKGROUND/AIMS
The objective of this study was to determine whether insulin resistance is associated with gallbladder stone formation in Korean women based on menopausal status.


METHODS
The study included 4,125 consecutive Korean subjects (30-79 years of age). Subjects who had a medical history of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, other cardiovascular disorders, or hormone replacement therapy were excluded. The women were subdivided into two groups according to their menopausal status.


RESULTS
Analysis of premenopausal women showed no significant differences in the homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index between the two groups in terms of gallstone disease. The associations between the occurrence of gallbladder stones and age, obesity, abdominal obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and high HOMA-IR index were statistically significant in the analysis with postmenopausal women. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was an independent predictor of gallbladder stone formation in premenopausal women. However, the multiple logistic regression analysis also showed that age and HOMA-IR were significantly associated with gallbladder stone formation in postmenopausal women. In an additional analysis stratified by obesity, insulin resistance was a significant risk factor for gallbladder stone formation only in the abdominally obese premenopausal group.


CONCLUSIONS
Insulin resistance may be associated with gallbladder stone formation in Korean postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity.
['Kim|Sang Soo|SS|', 'Lee|Jeong Gyu|JG|', 'Kim|Dong Wok|DW|', 'Kim|Bo Hyun|BH|', 'Jeon|Yun Kyung|YK|', 'Kim|Mi Ra|MR|', 'Huh|Jeong Eun|JE|', 'Mok|Ji Young|JY|', 'Kim|Seong-Jang|SJ|', 'Kim|Yong Ki|YK|', 'Kim|In Joo|IJ|']
D000328:Adult D000367:Age Factors D000368:Aged D044466:Asians D016009:Chi-Square Distribution D005260:Female D042882:Gallstones D006801:Humans D007333:Insulin Resistance D016015:Logistic Models D008875:Middle Aged D056128:Obesity, Abdominal D016017:Odds Ratio D017698:Postmenopause D056910:Republic of Korea D018570:Risk Assessment D012307:Risk Factors D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires D014463:Ultrasonography
Insulin resistance Postmenopause Gallstones Metabolic syndrome