Early-Onset Parkinsonism: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
BACKGROUND
Early-onset parkinsonism can be caused by PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) gene defects and is usually characterized by an age of onset in the fourth decade of life, slow disease progression, resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability, and levodopa-induced dyskinesia.


METHODS
We evaluated a child with early-onset symptoms and performed a literature review for previously reported examples of children aged 18 years or less with PINK1 gene defects.


RESULTS
We describe a five-year-old boy with autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism caused by a homozygous missense mutation in the PINK1 gene. This is the youngest individual yet reported with early-onset parkinsonism.


CONCLUSION
PINK1-type of early-onset parkinsonism can occur in very young patients, and phenotypic expression of PINK1 mutations may depend on age of onset and ethnicity.
['Al-Rumayyan|Ahmed|A|', 'Klein|Christine|C|', 'Alfadhel|Majid|M|']
D002675:Child, Preschool D006720:Homozygote D006801:Humans D008297:Male D020125:Mutation, Missense D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders D011494:Protein Kinases
early-onset parkinsonism parkinsonism pink1 Parkinson disease dystonia movement disorders