Study on the Clinical, Imaging, and Pathological Characteristics of 18 Cases with Primary Central Nervous System Vasculitis.
BACKGROUND
To summarize the characteristics of primary central nervous system vasculitis from clinical, imaging, and pathological aspects by retrospective study.


METHODS
From March 2015 to December 2017, the data of the inpatients of primary central nervous system vasculitis in first Hospital of Jilin University were collected, and their clinical manifestation, imaging, and pathological characteristics were analyzed by using a descriptive method.


RESULTS
There were 18 patients, 10 males (55.56%) and 8 females (44.44%) separately. The age ranges from 16 years old to 49 years old, with the median age of 32 years old. There were 8 cases (44.44%) of epileptic seizure, 6 cases (33.33%) of abnormal behavior and cognition, 10 cases (55.56%) with sensorimotor abnormalities, 4 cases (22.22%) with dizziness, 4 cases (22.22%) with headache, 2 cases (11.11%) with facial pain, 2 cases (11.11%) with blurred vision, and 2 cases (11.11%) with unstable walking. Eight patients (44.44%) were identified with cerebral spinal fluid abnormalities. There were 12 cases (66.67%) with bilateral lesions and 6 cases (33.33%) with unilateral lesions, including the frontal lobe (18 cases, 100%), the parietal lobe (10 cases, 55.56%), the temporal and occipital lobe (8 cases, 44.44%). There were 12 cases (66.67%) combined with subcortical white matter involvement, 6 cases (33.33%) combined with meningeal involvement, 2 cases (11.11%) complicated with basal ganglia involvement and 2 cases (11.11%) complicated with spinal cord involvement. Most of the lesions were with unclear border (16 cases, 88.89%), 2 cases (11.11%) were with clear border. Cortical atrophy was identified in 6 cases (33.33%). There were 12 cases (66.67%) with the enhancement of the lesions and meningeal. The 3D Vessel Wall magnetic resonance imaging (VW-MRI) showed uniform thickness in all patients (18/18) with contrast enhancement of the vessel wall of the vasculitis artery.


CONCLUSIONS
The clinical manifestation and imaging in primary central nervous system vasculitis are diverse. The 3D VW-MRI could achieve quantification assessment of vasculitis and provide more utility for primary angiitis of the central nervous system.
['Wang|Lin-Jing|LJ|', 'Kong|De-Zheng|DZ|', 'Guo|Zhen-Ni|ZN|', 'Zhang|Fu-Liang|FL|', 'Zhou|Hong-Wei|HW|', 'Yang|Yi|Y|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction D001706:Biopsy D002533:Cerebral Angiography D002536:Cerebral Arteries D002648:Child D002681:China D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging D005260:Female D006801:Humans D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D011237:Predictive Value of Tests D012189:Retrospective Studies D020293:Vasculitis, Central Nervous System D055815:Young Adult
primary central nervous system vasculitis PACNS VISTA Vessel Wall MR imaging clinical characteristics