Inosine in Biology and Disease.
The nucleoside inosine plays an important role in purine biosynthesis, gene translation, and modulation of the fate of RNAs. The editing of adenosine to inosine is a widespread post-transcriptional modification in transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs). At the wobble position of tRNA anticodons, inosine profoundly modifies codon recognition, while in mRNA, inosines can modify the sequence of the translated polypeptide or modulate the stability, localization, and splicing of transcripts. Inosine is also found in non-coding and exogenous RNAs, where it plays key structural and functional roles. In addition, molecular inosine is an important secondary metabolite in purine metabolism that also acts as a molecular messenger in cell signaling pathways. Here, we review the functional roles of inosine in biology and their connections to human health.
['Srinivasan|Sundaramoorthy|S|', 'Torres|Adrian Gabriel|AG|0000-0002-5479-1325', 'Ribas de Pouplana|Lluís|L|']
D000818:Animals D003062:Codon D004194:Disease D006801:Humans D007288:Inosine D014176:Protein Biosynthesis D012333:RNA, Messenger D012343:RNA, Transfer
inosine translation RNA modification adenosine deaminase acting on RNAs deamination