Clinical, radiographic, and restorative peri-implant measurements of narrow and standard diameter implants in obese and nonobese patients: A 3-year retrospective follow-up study.
BACKGROUND
There is dearth of studies assessing clinical, restorative, and radiographic peri-implant outcomes around narrow diameter implants (NDIs) and standard diameter implants (SDIs) in obese and nonobese subjects.


OBJECTIVE
To assess clinical, restorative, and radiographic parameters of NDIs and SDIs placed in obese and nonobese individuals.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Obese and nonobese patients requiring NDIs and SDIs in the anterior maxilla/mandible were included. Based on the implant diameter, participants were further divided into two subgroups: (a) NDIs (3.3 mm) and (b) SDIs (4.1 mm). Peri-implant clinical measurements including plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and radiographic crestal bone loss (CBL) were evaluated around NDIs and SDIs at 1 and 3-year follow-up.


RESULTS
A total of 70 patients (35 obese and 35 nonobese) were included. Only BOP showed statistically significant differences between both the groups at patient level at 1 and 3-year follow-up (P < .05). There was no statistically significant difference in PI and PD around NDIs and SDIs between obese and nonobase patients. Statistical significant differences were observed in the total CBL around NDIs and RDIs among obese and nonbase subjects at 3 year follow-up (P < .05).


CONCLUSION
Both NDIs and SDIs show consistent clinical stability among obese and nonobase patients. Higher amount of bone loss was observed in obese patients compared to nonobase patients despite regular hygiene maintenance.
['Alshiddi|Ibraheem F|IF|', 'Alsahhaf|Abdulaziz|A|', 'Alshagroud|Rana S|RS|', 'Al-Aali|Khulud A|KA|', 'Vohra|Fahim|F|', 'Abduljabbar|Tariq|T|https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7266-5886']
D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss D015921:Dental Implants D003774:Dental Plaque Index D005500:Follow-Up Studies D006801:Humans D009765:Obesity D012189:Retrospective Studies
obesity crestal bone loss narrow implants standard-diameter implants