Bacterial Tropone Natural Products and Derivatives: Overview of their Biosynthesis, Bioactivities, Ecological Role and Biotechnological Potential.
Tropone natural products are non-benzene aromatic compounds of significant ecological and pharmaceutical interest. Herein, we highlight current knowledge on bacterial tropones and their derivatives such as tropolones, tropodithietic acid, and roseobacticides. Their unusual biosynthesis depends on a universal CoA-bound precursor featuring a seven-membered carbon ring as backbone, which is generated by a side reaction of the phenylacetic acid catabolic pathway. Enzymes encoded by separate gene clusters then further modify this key intermediate by oxidation, CoA-release, or incorporation of sulfur among other reactions. Tropones play important roles in the terrestrial and marine environment where they act as antibiotics, algaecides, or quorum sensing signals, while their bacterial producers are often involved in symbiotic interactions with plants and marine invertebrates (e. g., algae, corals, sponges, or mollusks). Because of their potent bioactivities and of slowly developing bacterial resistance, tropones and their derivatives hold great promise for biomedical or biotechnological applications, for instance as antibiotics in (shell)fish aquaculture.
['Duan|Ying|Y|', 'Petzold|Melanie|M|', 'Saleem-Batcha|Raspudin|R|', 'Teufel|Robin|R|0000-0001-5863-7248']
D000818:Animals D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents D000935:Antifungal Agents D000970:Antineoplastic Agents D001419:Bacteria D001688:Biological Products D001709:Biotechnology D005658:Fungi D006801:Humans D009369:Neoplasms D014334:Tropolone
natural products tropolones tropodithietic acid roseobacticides symbiosis