Two actin-interacting protein 1 isoforms function redundantly in the somatic gonad and are essential for reproduction in Caenorhabditis elegans.
The somatic gonad of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits highly regulated contractility during ovulation, which is essential for successful reproduction. Nonstriated actin filament networks in the myoepithelial sheath at the proximal ovary provide contractile forces to push a mature oocyte for ovulation, but the mechanism of assembly and regulation of the contractile actin networks is poorly understood. Here, we show that actin-interacting protein 1 (AIP1) is essential for the assembly of the contractile actin networks in the myoepithelial sheath. AIP1 promotes disassembly of actin filaments in the presence of actin depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin. C. elegans has two AIP1 genes, unc-78 and aipl-1. Mutation or RNA interference of a single AIP1 isoform causes only minor impacts on reproduction. However, simultaneous depletion of the two AIP1 isoforms causes sterility. AIP1-depleted animals show very weak contractility of the myoepithelial sheath and fail to ovulate a mature oocyte, which results in accumulation of endomitotic oocytes in the ovary. Depletion of AIP1 prevents assembly of actin networks and causes abnormal aggregation of actin as well as ADF/cofilin in the myoepithelial sheath. These results indicate that two AIP1 isoforms have redundant roles in assembly of the contractile apparatuses necessary for C. elegans reproduction.
['Ono|Kanako|K|', 'Ono|Shoichiro|S|']
D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton D000818:Animals D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins D051345:Destrin D005260:Female D008840:Microfilament Proteins D010053:Ovary D020033:Protein Isoforms D012098:Reproduction
ovulation sterility actin depolymerizing factor/cofilin actin dynamics myoepithelial cells spermatheca