Improvement in early urinary continence recovery after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy based on postoperative pelvic anatomic features: a retrospective review.
BACKGROUND
We investigated the impact of postoperative membranous urethral length and other anatomic characteristics of the pelvic floor shape as measured by magnetic resonance imaging on the improvement in continence following robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy.


METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed data from 73 patients who underwent postoperative prostate magnetic resonance imaging following robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy between 2013 and 2018. Patient demographics; pre-, peri-, and post-operative parameters; and pelvic anatomic features on magnetic resonance imaging were reviewed. Patients who used no urinary incontinence pads or pads for protection were considered to have achieved complete continence.


RESULTS
Urinary continence was restored in 27.4, 53.4, 68.5, and 84.9% of patients at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy, respectively. When patients were divided into early and late continence groups based on urinary continence at 3 months after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy, no significantly different clinical characteristics or surgical outcomes were found. However, the mean membranous urethral length (18.5 mm for the early continence group vs. 16.9 mm for the late continence group), levator muscle width (7.1 vs. 6.5 mm, respectively), and bladder neck width on the trigone side (7.2 mm vs. 5.4 mm, respectively) were significantly different between groups (all p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that membranous urethral length (odds ratio, 1.227; 95% confidence interval, 1.011-1.489; p = 0.038) and bladder neck width (odds ratio, 1.585; 95% confidence interval, 1.050-2.393; p = 0.028) were associated with the period of early urinary continence.


CONCLUSIONS
Postoperative membranous urethral length and bladder neck width were significantly associated with early urinary continence recovery after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. It is highly recommended that surgeons focus on preserving the membranous urethral length and increasing the bladder neck width on the trigone side during surgery to achieve optimal continence outcomes after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy.
['Nakane|Akihiro|A|http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-6978', 'Kubota|Hiroki|H|', 'Noda|Yusuke|Y|', 'Takeda|Tomoki|T|', 'Hirose|Yasuhiko|Y|', 'Okada|Atsushi|A|', 'Mizuno|Kentaro|K|', 'Kawai|Noriyasu|N|', 'Tozawa|Keiichi|K|', 'Hayashi|Yutaro|Y|', 'Yasui|Takahiro|T|']
D000368:Aged D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D017773:Pelvic Floor D011184:Postoperative Period D011468:Prostatectomy D020127:Recovery of Function D012189:Retrospective Studies D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures D013997:Time Factors D014554:Urination
Robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy Magnetic resonance imaging Urinary incontinence Pelvic anatomy