Hyponatremia is associated with occurrence of atrial fibrillation in outpatients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction.
OBJECTIVES
Hyponatremia and atrial fibrillation (AF) have been established as strong predictors for worse clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). However, little is known about hyponatremia in relation to the occurrence of AF. This study aims to investigate the possible relationship between hyponatremia and AF in patients with chronic HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).


METHODS
Turkish research team-HF (TREAT-HF) is a network that has been undertaking multicenter, observational cohort studies on HF. A total of 880 patients who had plasma sodium measurement in TREAT-HF data set were included in this study. Hyponatremia was defined as a plasma sodium level of ≤135 mmol/L. The patients were classified into hyponatremia (n=213) or normonatremia (n=667) based on the sodium level.


RESULTS
The rate of AF was found to be 33.3% in patients with hyponatremia and 18.8% in patients with normonatremia (p<0.001). Univariate analysis demonstrated an association between hyponatremia and AF. Furthermore, in multivariate logistic regression model, hyponatremia was also found to be significantly and independently associated with the occurrence of AF (odds ratio [OR]=2.457, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.586-3.806, p<0.001) in addition to other well-known risk factors for AF.


CONCLUSION
The results of this study showed that AF was more prevalent in outpatients with HFrEF and hyponatremia than in those with HFrEF and normonatremia. These results also suggest that hyponatremia is independently associated with the occurrence of AF.
['Cavusoglu|Yuksel|Y|', 'Kaya|Hakki|H|', 'Eraslan|Selda|S|', 'Yilmaz|Mehmet Birhan|MB|']
D000368:Aged D001281:Atrial Fibrillation D015897:Comorbidity D004452:Echocardiography D005260:Female D006333:Heart Failure D006801:Humans D007010:Hyponatremia D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D010045:Outpatients D015995:Prevalence D012307:Risk Factors D012964:Sodium D013318:Stroke Volume D014421:Turkey D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
hyponatremia atrial fibrillation Heart failure