Combined OX40 ligation plus CTLA-4 blockade: More than the sum of its parts.
It is becoming clear that combination strategies will be necessary to augment cancer immunotherapy. We report that combination anti-OX40/anti-CTLA-4 mAb immunotherapy improves survival by enhancing effector T cell expansion and function, even while inducing Th2 cytokine production. Furthermore, IL-4 blockade in addition to combination therapy significantly improved anti-tumor efficacy.
['Linch|Stefanie N|SN|', 'Redmond|William L|WL|']
cancer immunotherapy anti-OX40 anti-CTLA-4 SPAS-1 TRAMP-C1 interleukin-4 ipilimumab lymphocyte prostate cancer