Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has a broad localization throughout the cell and forms direct physical contacts with all other classes of membranous organelles, including the plasma membrane (PM). A number of protein tethers that mediate these contacts have been identified, and study of these protein tethers has revealed a multiplicity of roles in cell physiology, including regulation of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics and signaling as well as control of lipid traffic and homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the cross talk between the ER and the PM mediated by direct contacts. We review factors that tether the two membranes, their properties, and their dynamics in response to the functional state of the cell. We focus in particular on the role of ER-PM contacts in nonvesicular lipid transport between the two bilayers mediated by lipid transfer proteins.
['Saheki|Yasunori|Y|', 'De Camilli|Pietro|P|']
D001692:Biological Transport D002118:Calcium D020013:Calcium Signaling D002352:Carrier Proteins D002462:Cell Membrane D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum D005057:Eukaryotic Cells D015870:Gene Expression D006706:Homeostasis D006801:Humans D008565:Membrane Proteins D009363:Neoplasm Proteins D000071740:ORAI1 Protein D011987:Receptors, Steroid D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 D050857:Synaptotagmins
lipid transfer protein Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ modulator ORP Orai PITP STIM extended synaptotagmins oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)–related protein phosphatidylinositol transfer protein stromal interaction molecule