Validation of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Patients With Acute Low Back Pain.
UNLABELLED
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a self-report instrument used to evaluate depression and anxiety in clinical research. The HADS has advantages over other assessments of anxiety and depression; it is efficient in assessing both anxiety and depression with a total of 14 items, and it was originally developed on a general medical rather than psychiatric sample. However, the HADS has not been evaluated specifically for use in clinical trials of acute pain. Validation analyses were conducted on data from a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study of tapentadol immediate release vs oxycodone immediate release for acute low back pain (N = 666). Analyses of psychometric properties, internal consistency, convergent validity, assessments of bias, and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted on pretreatment data. Additional analyses were performed to test the responsiveness and predictive validity of the HADS. Both the Anxiety and Depression subscales (1) showed good psychometric properties, (2) had high internal consistency, (3) displayed good convergent validity, (4) had no unexpected biases, (5) fit the a priori factor structure, and (6) were highly sensitive to changes as a result of analgesic treatment. We conclude that the HADS is a valid instrument for efficient, low-burden assessment of anxiety and depression in clinical trials with an acute low back pain population.


PERSPECTIVE
Considered together with the results of other recent studies, the data suggest that the HADS can provide a valid, responsive, and efficient assessment of anxiety and depression in acute low back pain for clinical trials and other clinical research examining acute pain populations.
['Turk|Dennis C|DC|', 'Dworkin|Robert H|RH|', 'Trudeau|Jeremiah J|JJ|', 'Benson|Carmela|C|', 'Biondi|David M|DM|', 'Katz|Nathaniel P|NP|', 'Kim|Myoung|M|']
D000328:Adult D000700:Analgesics D001007:Anxiety D003863:Depression D004185:Disability Evaluation D004311:Double-Blind Method D005260:Female D006761:Hospitals D006801:Humans D017116:Low Back Pain D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D010147:Pain Measurement D010636:Phenols D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales D011594:Psychometrics D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic D015203:Reproducibility of Results D012890:Sleep D013223:Statistics as Topic D000077432:Tapentadol
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Anxiety depression low back pain acute pain