The frequency and influence of dementia risk factors in prodromal Alzheimer's disease.
We investigated whether dementia risk factors were associated with prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) according to the International Working Group-2 and National Institute of Aging-Alzheimer's Association criteria, and with cognitive decline. A total of 1394 subjects with mild cognitive impairment from 14 different studies were classified according to these research criteria, based on cognitive performance and biomarkers. We compared the frequency of 10 risk factors between the subgroups, and used Cox-regression to examine the effect of risk factors on cognitive decline. Depression, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia occurred more often in individuals with low-AD-likelihood, compared with those with a high-AD-likelihood. Only alcohol use increased the risk of cognitive decline, regardless of AD pathology. These results suggest that traditional risk factors for AD are not associated with prodromal AD or with progression to dementia, among subjects with mild cognitive impairment. Future studies should validate these findings and determine whether risk factors might be of influence at an earlier stage (i.e., preclinical) of AD.
['Bos|Isabelle|I|', 'Vos|Stephanie J|SJ|', 'Frölich|Lutz|L|', 'Kornhuber|Johannes|J|', 'Wiltfang|Jens|J|', 'Maier|Wolfgang|W|', 'Peters|Oliver|O|', 'Rüther|Eckhart|E|', 'Engelborghs|Sebastiaan|S|', 'Niemantsverdriet|Ellis|E|', 'De Roeck|Ellen Elisa|EE|', 'Tsolaki|Magda|M|', 'Freund-Levi|Yvonne|Y|', 'Johannsen|Peter|P|', 'Vandenberghe|Rik|R|', 'Lleó|Alberto|A|', 'Alcolea|Daniel|D|', 'Frisoni|Giovanni B|GB|', 'Galluzzi|Samantha|S|', 'Nobili|Flavio|F|', 'Morbelli|Silvia|S|', 'Drzezga|Alexander|A|', 'Didic|Mira|M|', 'van Berckel|Bart N|BN|', 'Salmon|Eric|E|', 'Bastin|Christine|C|', 'Dauby|Solene|S|', 'Santana|Isabel|I|', 'Baldeiras|Inês|I|', 'de Mendonça|Alexandre|A|', 'Silva|Dina|D|', 'Wallin|Anders|A|', 'Nordlund|Arto|A|', 'Coloma|Preciosa M|PM|', 'Wientzek|Angelika|A|', 'Alexander|Myriam|M|', 'Novak|Gerald P|GP|', 'Gordon|Mark Forrest|MF|', '|||', 'Wallin|Åsa K|ÅK|', 'Hampel|Harald|H|', 'Soininen|Hilkka|H|', 'Herukka|Sanna-Kaisa|SK|', 'Scheltens|Philip|P|', 'Verhey|Frans R|FR|', 'Visser|Pieter Jelle|PJ|']
D000368:Aged D000428:Alcohol Drinking D000544:Alzheimer Disease D015415:Biomarkers D003071:Cognition D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction D003863:Depression D018450:Disease Progression D005260:Female D006801:Humans D006937:Hypercholesterolemia D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D009765:Obesity D016016:Proportional Hazards Models D012307:Risk Factors
Risk factors Alzheimer's disease Biomarkers IWG-2 criteria NIA-AA criteria Prognosis