Dimensions of Religiosity and PTSD Symptom Clusters in US Veterans and Active Duty Military.
We examined multiple dimensions of religiosity and their relationship to the four DSM-5 PTSD symptom clusters among US Veterans and Active Duty Military (ADM), hypothesizing that religiosity would be most strongly inversely related to negative cognitions/emotions (Criterion D symptoms) and less strongly to neurobiologically based symptom clusters (B, C, and E). This cross-sectional multisite study involved 591 Veterans and ADM from across the southern USA. Inclusion criteria were having served in a combat theater and the presence of PTSD symptoms. Measures of religious beliefs/practices, social involvement, and PTSD symptoms were administered, and bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted in the overall sample, and in exploratory analyses, in the sample stratified by race (White, Black, and Hispanic). In the overall sample, multivariate analyses revealed that the only PTSD symptom cluster inversely related to religiosity was Criterion D, and only to organizational (b = - 0.08, P = 0.028) and cognitive/intrinsic religiosity (b = - 0.06, P = 0.049), relationships that were fully explained by social factors. Religious struggles, in contrast, were positively related to all four symptom clusters. Inverse relationships with Criterion D symptoms were particularly strong in Blacks, in whom inverse relationships were also present with Criterion E symptoms. In contrast, only positive relationships with PTSD symptom clusters were found in Hispanics, and no relationships (except for religious struggles) were present in Whites. As hypothesized, the inverse relationship between religious involvement and PTSD symptoms in Veterans and ADM was strongest (though modest) for Criterion D negative cognitions/emotions, especially in Blacks.
['Koenig|Harold G|HG|http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2573-6121', 'Youssef|Nagy A|NA|', 'Ames|Donna|D|', 'Oliver|Rev John P|RJP|', 'Volk|Fred|F|', 'Teng|Ellen J|EJ|', 'Hill|Terrence D|TD|']
D000328:Adult D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D005260:Female D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D008889:Military Personnel D012067:Religion D012959:Socioeconomic Factors D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic D013577:Syndrome D014728:Veterans D055815:Young Adult
Religiosity Symptom clusters Veterans Active Duty Military Post-traumatic stress disorder