Passiflora incarnata in Neuropsychiatric Disorders-A Systematic Review.
BACKGROUND
Stress is a natural response of the body, induced by factors of a physical (hunger, thirst, and infection) and/or psychological (perceived threat, anxiety, or concern) nature. Chronic, long-term stress may cause problems with sleep, concentration, and memory, as well as affective disorders. The passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) is a perennial plant with documented therapeutic properties. The literature data suggest that the passionflower itself, as well as its preparations, helps reduce stress and can therefore be helpful in the treatment of insomnia, anxiety, and depression. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate Passiflora incarnata in terms of its neuropsychiatric effects.


METHODS
The scientific databases PubMed, ClinTrials.gov, and Embase were searched up to 22 October 2019. The search identified randomized clinical trials describing the effects of Passiflora incarnata in neuropsychiatric disorders.


RESULTS
The systematic review included nine clinical trials. The duration of the studies included in the analysis varied widely, from one day up to 30 days. Study participants were no less than 18 years old. In each of the papers, the effects of passionflower were measured by using a number of different tests and scales. The majority of studies reported reduced anxiety levels following the administration of Passiflora incarnata preparations, with the effect less evident in people with mild anxiety symptoms. No adverse effects, including memory loss or collapse of psychometric functions, were observed.


CONCLUSION
Passiflora incarnata may be helpful in treating some symptoms in neuropsychiatric patients.
['Janda|Katarzyna|K|0000-0002-4548-3419', 'Wojtkowska|Karolina|K|', 'Jakubczyk|Karolina|K|0000-0002-5853-9709', 'Antoniewicz|Justyna|J|0000-0001-6323-2413', 'Skonieczna-Żydecka|Karolina|K|0000-0002-3430-9079']
D000328:Adult D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents D001008:Anxiety Disorders D005260:Female D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008568:Memory D029598:Passiflora D008517:Phytotherapy D010936:Plant Extracts D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic D012890:Sleep D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders D013312:Stress, Physiological D055815:Young Adult
Passiflora incarnata stress anxiety depression neuropsychiatric disorders