Effects of Bisphenol A and 4-tert-Octylphenol on Embryo Implantation Failure in Mouse.
Miscarriage due to blastocyst implantation failure occurs in up to two-thirds of all human miscarriage cases. Calcium ion has been shown to be involved in many cellular signal transduction pathways as well as in the regulation of cell adhesion, which is necessary for the embryo implantation process. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDs) during early gestation results in disruption of intrauterine implantation and uterine reception, leading to implantation failure. In this study, ovarian estrogen (E2), bisphenol A (BPA), or 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), with or without ICI 182,780 (ICI) were injected subcutaneously from gestation day 1 to gestation day 3 post-coitus. The expression levels of the calcium transport genes were assessed in maternal uteri and implantation sites. The number of implantation sites was significantly low in the OP group, and implantation sites were absent in the E2, ICI and EDs + ICI groups. There were different calcium transient transport channel expression levels in uterus and implantation site samples. The levels of TRPV5 and TRPV6 gene expression were significantly increased by EDs with/without ICI treatment in utero. Meanwhile, TRPV5 and TRPV6 gene expression were significantly lower in implantation sites samples. NCX1 and PMCA1 mRNA levels were significantly decreased by OP and BPA in the implantation site samples. Compared to vehicle treatment in the uterus, both the MUC1 mRNA and protein levels were markedly high in all but the BPA group. Taken together, these results suggest that both BPA and OP can impair embryo implantation through alteration of calcium transport gene expressions and by affecting uterine receptivity.
['Tran|Dinh Nam|DN|', 'Jung|Eui-Man|EM|', 'Ahn|Changhwan|C|', 'Lee|Jae-Hwan|JH|', 'Yoo|Yeong-Min|YM|0000-0003-1732-8494', 'Jeung|Eui-Bae|EB|0000-0001-8936-916X']
D000818:Animals D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds D015220:Calcium Channels D010064:Embryo Implantation D052244:Endocrine Disruptors D004967:Estrogens D005260:Female D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR D018396:Mucin-1 D010636:Phenols D053499:Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases D012333:RNA, Messenger D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger D050916:TRPV Cation Channels D014599:Uterus
bisphenol A 4-tert-octylphenol implantation failure calcium channel