Microbiota Composition of Breast Milk from Women of Different Ethnicity from the Manawatu-Wanganui Region of New Zealand.
Human breastmilk components, the microbiota and immune modulatory proteins have vital roles in infant gut and immune development. In a population of breastfeeding women (n = 78) of different ethnicities (Asian, Māori and Pacific Island, New Zealand European) and their infants living in the Manawatu-Wanganui region of New Zealand, we examined the microbiota and immune modulatory proteins in the breast milk, and the fecal microbiota of mothers and infants. Breast milk and fecal samples were collected over a one-week period during the six to eight weeks postpartum. Breast milk microbiota differed between the ethnic groups. However, these differences had no influence on the infant's gut microbiota composition. Based on the body mass index (BMI) classifications, the mother's breast milk and fecal microbiota compositions were similar between normal, overweight and obese individuals, and their infant's fecal microbiota composition also did not differ. The relative abundance of bacteria belonging to the Bacteroidetes phylum was higher in feces of infants born through vaginal delivery. However, the bacterial abundance of this phylum in the mother's breast milk or feces was similar between women who delivered vaginally or by cesarean section. Several immune modulatory proteins including cytokines, growth factors, and immunoglobulin differed between the BMI and ethnicity groups. Transforming growth factor beta 1 and 2 (TGFβ1, TGFβ2) were present in higher concentrations in the milk from overweight mothers compared to those of normal weight. The TGFβ1 and soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14) concentrations were significantly higher in the breast milk from Māori and Pacific Island women compared with women from Asian and NZ European ethnicities. This study explores the relationship between ethnicity, body mass index, mode of baby delivery and the microbiota of infants and their mothers and their potential impact on infant health.
['Butts|Christine A|CA|', 'Paturi|Gunaranjan|G|', 'Blatchford|Paul|P|', 'Bentley-Hewitt|Kerry L|KL|', 'Hedderley|Duncan I|DI|', 'Martell|Sheridan|S|', 'Dinnan|Hannah|H|', 'Eady|Sarah L|SL|', 'Wallace|Alison J|AJ|', 'Glyn-Jones|Sarah|S|', 'Wiens|Frank|F|', 'Stahl|Bernd|B|', 'Gopal|Pramod|P|']
D000328:Adult D015992:Body Mass Index D016207:Cytokines D036861:Delivery, Obstetric D005006:Ethnicity D005260:Female D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome D006801:Humans D007107:Immune System D007136:Immunoglobulins D007223:Infant D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors D008895:Milk, Human D009035:Mothers D009520:New Zealand D009765:Obesity D050177:Overweight D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 D055815:Young Adult
microbiota ethnicity breastfeeding human milk immune modulators