Effect of extraction solvents and plant parts used on the antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of Garcinia atroviridis: a comparative study.
BACKGROUND
Garcinia atroviridis is a seasonal fruit plant found in many parts of South East Asia. The fruit rind is used in cooking and traditionally consumed for various reasons, including to lower blood cholesterol. A comparative study was undertaken to investigate the influence of extraction solvents and plant parts used on the lipid-lowering and antioxidant activities of Garcinia atroviridis.


RESULTS
Aqueous extracts showed better antihyperlipidemic activity than the methanol extracts. Aqueous extract of ripe fruit showed the most potent antihyperlipidemic activity, comparable to that of atorvastatin. It significantly reduced the total cholesterol (P < 0.05), triglycerides (P < 0.01), low-density lipoprotein (P < 0.01), very-low-density lipoprotein (P < 0.01) and atherogenic index (P < 0.01). In contrast, antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of all parts of G. atroviridis were higher than their respective aqueous extracts, whereby the stem and leaves extracts showed better antioxidant activities than the fruits.


CONCLUSION
Aqueous and methanol extracts of G. atroviridis showed higher antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects, respectively. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents showed significant correlations with antioxidant but not with antihyperlipidemic activities, indicating the involvement of other compounds. Contrary to the traditional belief, the present findings suggest that the fruit has higher antihyperlipidemic potential than the fruit rind.
['Al-Mansoub|Majed Ahmed|MA|', 'Asmawi|Mohd Zaini|MZ|', 'Murugaiyah|Vikneswaran|V|']
D000818:Animals D000975:Antioxidants D000069059:Atorvastatin D005419:Flavonoids D005638:Fruit D029760:Garcinia D006538:Heptanoic Acids D006949:Hyperlipidemias D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents D008055:Lipids D008297:Male D000432:Methanol D010636:Phenols D008517:Phytotherapy D010936:Plant Extracts D018515:Plant Leaves D018547:Plant Stems D011758:Pyrroles D051381:Rats D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley D012997:Solvents D014867:Water
antihyperlipidemic antioxidant Garcinia atroviridis total cholesterol triglycerides atherogenic index