Targeting strategies for drug delivery to the kidney: From renal glomeruli to tubules.
Kidney diseases have become a global public health problem. The application of kidney-targeted drug-delivery systems in the management of kidney diseases has profound transformative potential. Kidney-targeted drug delivery can reduce the undesired side effects of often potent drugs and enhance drug efficacy in alleviating the kidney disease. Here, we review the literature on the potential strategies for targeting drugs to the kidneys. Specifically, we provide a broad overview of the targeting vectors and targeting pathways for renal tubules and glomeruli, as well as how the unique structural features of the glomerulus and the receptor-mediated internalization pathways of the tubules allows for drug targeting. Finally, we summarized the literature examples of drug delivery to the kidneys and elaborated strategies suitable for renal targeting to provide new therapeutic approaches for kidney diseases.
['Liu|Chun-Ping|CP|0000-0003-1046-3386', 'Hu|You|Y|', 'Lin|Ju-Chun|JC|', 'Fu|Hua-Lin|HL|', 'Lim|Lee Yong|LY|', 'Yuan|Zhi-Xiang|ZX|0000-0001-7809-2580']
D000818:Animals D000906:Antibodies D016503:Drug Delivery Systems D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate D006801:Humans D007668:Kidney D007674:Kidney Diseases D007678:Kidney Glomerulus D007684:Kidney Tubules D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells D050997:Nanomedicine D053758:Nanoparticles D050199:Podocytes D011108:Polymers D011355:Prodrugs
kidney renal tubules drug targeting mesangial cells podocytes