Extra-Virgin Olive Oil with Natural Phenolic Content Exerts an Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Adipose Tissue and Attenuates the Severity of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Ldlr-/-.Leiden Mice.
SCOPE
The present study investigates the effect of olive oils with different phenolic content in high-fat diets (HFDs) on hypertrophy and inflammation in adipose tissue and associated atherosclerosis, in the context of obesity.


METHODS AND RESULTS
Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice were fed three different HFDs for 32 weeks and were compared with mice fed the standard low-fat diet (LFD). The different fats provided in the HFDs were lard (HFD-L), extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO; 79 mg kg-1 of phenolic compounds, HFD-EVOO), or EVOO rich in phenolic compounds (OL, 444 mg kg-1 of phenolic compounds, HFD-OL). All HFD-fed mice became obese, but only HFD-L-induced adipocyte hypertrophy. HFD-EVOO mice exhibited the greatest levels of Adiponectin in adipose tissue and presented atherosclerotic lesions similar to the LFD group, with a very low count of monocyte/macrophage compared with HFD-L and HFD-OL mice. Enrichment of the phenolic content of olive oil reduced the secretion of nitrites/nitrates in the aorta, but atherosclerosis was not attenuated in HFD-OL mice compared to other HFD mice.


CONCLUSION
Consumption of olive oil with a natural content of phenolic compounds attenuates adipose tissue hypertrophy and inflammation and exerts antiatherosclerotic effects in mice. A higher phenolic content of olive oil did not provide further benefits in the prevention of atherosclerosis.
['Luque-Sierra|Amparo|A|', 'Alvarez-Amor|Leticia|L|', 'Kleemann|Robert|R|', 'Martín|Franz|F|', 'Varela|Lourdes M|LM|']
D017667:Adipocytes D052436:Adipose Tissue, White D000818:Animals D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents D000975:Antioxidants D050197:Atherosclerosis D059305:Diet, High-Fat D005260:Female D018836:Inflammation Mediators D051379:Mice D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II D000069463:Olive Oil D010636:Phenols D011973:Receptors, LDL
extra-virgin olive oil high-fat diet inflammation atherosclerosis obesity