Gentle facemask ventilation during induction of anesthesia.
BACKGROUND
To determine the level of inspiratory pressure minimizing the risk of gastric insufflation while providing adequate pulmonary ventilation.


METHODS
In this prospective, randomized, double-blind study, patients were allocated to one of the two groups (P10, P15) defined by the inspiratory pressure applied during controlled-pressure ventilation: 10 and 15 cm H2O. Anesthesia was induced using propofol and sufentanil; no neuromuscular-blocking agent was administered. Once loss of eyelash reflex occurred, facemask ventilation was started for a 2-min period. The cross-sectional antral area was measured using ultrasonography before and after facemask ventilation. Respiratory parameters were recorded.


RESULTS
Forty patients were analyzed. Mean tidal volume was about 7 ml/kg in group P10, and was >11 ml/kg in group P15 in the same period. As indicated by ultrasonography test, the antral area in P15 group was markedly incresed compared with P10 group.


CONCLUSION
Inspiratory pressure of 10 cm H2O allowed for reduced occurrence of gastric insufflation with proper lung ventilation during induction of anesthesia with sufentanil and propofol in nonparalyzed and nonobese patients.
['Zhang|Qingfu|Q|', 'Zhou|Quanhong|Q|', 'Zhang|Junfeng|J|', 'Zhao|Daqiang|D|']
D000399:Air Pressure D000768:Anesthesia, General D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D004311:Double-Blind Method D005260:Female D006801:Humans D007327:Insufflation D007431:Intraoperative Complications D017214:Laryngeal Masks D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D011446:Prospective Studies D012121:Respiration, Artificial D013270:Stomach D013990:Tidal Volume D014463:Ultrasonography
Gentle facemask ventilation Gastric insufflation Lung ventilation Anesthesia induction Surgery