Genes in the pathway of tooth mineral tissues and dental caries risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVES
To perform a systematic review of the literature, investigating the influence of tooth mineral tissues genes on dental caries.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
Five databases were searched. Only human studies with cross-sectional, longitudinal, and case-control design were included. Meta-analysis was performed for each polymorphism, providing allele and genotype estimates. A meta-analysis was performed, pooling several polymorphisms for each gene. A Funnel Plot and Egger's test were also performed.


RESULTS
A total of 1124 records were found. Of these, 25 papers were included in the systematic review and 18 in the meta-analysis. Most of the studies (52%) were of medium quality. With regard to the allele analysis, the T allele of rs134136 (TFIP11) (OR 1.51; 95%CI 1.02-2.22) showed an association with high experience of caries and the summarization of polymorphisms investigated in the TFIP11 gene, after exclusion of SNP linkage disequilibrium, showed an association with caries experience (OR 1.64; 95%CI 1.08-2.50). An analysis of the homozygous genotype did not show any significant association. The pooled SNPs of AMBN showed associations with caries (OR 0.45; 95%CI 0.29-0.72). The pooled polymorphisms of AMELX were associated with caries experience (OR 1.78; 95%CI 1.23-2.56). In the analysis of the homozygous genotype, no SNP showed a significant association. Egger's test showed no significant publication bias for all models (p > 0.05).


CONCLUSION
The present findings showed that the genes TFIP11, AMBN, and AMELX play an important role in dental caries.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Several single nucleotide polymorphisms related to the genes in the formation of tooth mineral are linked to the occurrence of dental caries, and these genes have proved to be important for an explanation of differences in the risk of dental caries.
['Chisini|Luiz Alexandre|LA|', 'Cademartori|Mariana Gonzalez|MG|', 'Conde|Marcus Cristian Muniz|MCM|', 'Tovo-Rodrigues|Luciana|L|', 'Correa|Marcos Britto|MB|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1797-3541']
D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D003731:Dental Caries D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins D005838:Genotype D006801:Humans D008903:Minerals D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Gene Mineral tissues Dental caries Polymorphisms Genetic