Coronary risk factors associated with OCT macrophage images and their response after CoCr everolimus-eluting stent implantation in patients with stable coronary artery disease.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The aim of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-macrophages and OCT findings after CoCr everolimus-eluting stent placement, in addition to coronary risk factors.


METHODS
A total of 89 lesions in 89 patients were registered in the 1- and 3-month cohort of the multi-centre study. Lesion characteristics and post-procedure OCT images were evaluated immediately and 1 and 3 months after stenting. Patients were divided into low and high macrophage grade groups based on the median macrophage grade.


RESULTS
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, HbA1c and blood glucose levels in the high macrophage grade group were significantly higher than in the low macrophage grade group (p = 0.025, p = 0.040, p = 0.032, and p = 0.010). Moreover, total lipid arc and length and number of thin-cap fibroatheromas (TCFAs) in the high macrophage grade group were significantly higher than in the low macrophage group (p = 0.008, p = 0.002, and p = 0.012). After CoCr everolimus-eluting stenting, there was a trend towards a greater number, height, and area of irregular protrusions in the high macrophage grade group compared to the low macrophage grade group (p = 0.091, p = 0.059, and p = 0.085). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus was a significant predictor of high macrophage grades (odds ratio: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.1-7.3, p = 0.030).


CONCLUSIONS
The accumulation of OCT-macrophages was associated with diabetes mellitus in patients with coronary artery disease. Moreover, macrophage accumulation and diabetes mellitus may be associated with irregular protrusions just after stenting.
['Taguchi|Yuya|Y|', 'Itoh|Tomonori|T|', 'Oda|Hideto|H|', 'Uchimura|Yohei|Y|', 'Kaneko|Kyosuke|K|', 'Sakamoto|Tsubasa|T|', 'Goto|Iwao|I|', 'Sakuma|Masafumi|M|', 'Ishida|Masaru|M|', 'Terashita|Daisuke|D|', 'Otake|Hiromasa|H|', 'Morino|Yoshihiro|Y|', 'Shinke|Toshiro|T|']
D000368:Aged D015415:Biomarkers D001786:Blood Glucose D002317:Cardiovascular Agents D016009:Chi-Square Distribution D008078:Cholesterol, LDL D002858:Chromium Alloys D015897:Comorbidity D003324:Coronary Artery Disease D003331:Coronary Vessels D003920:Diabetes Mellitus D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents D000068338:Everolimus D005260:Female D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin A D006801:Humans D007564:Japan D016015:Logistic Models D008264:Macrophages D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D015999:Multivariate Analysis D016017:Odds Ratio D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention D011237:Predictive Value of Tests D015995:Prevalence D011474:Prosthesis Design D012042:Registries D012307:Risk Factors D013997:Time Factors D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence D016896:Treatment Outcome
Macrophage Coronary artery disease Optical coherence tomography Diabetes mellitus Irregular protrusion Cobalt chromium everolimus-eluting stent