Nivolumab and pembrolizumab as immune-modulating monoclonal antibodies targeting the PD-1 receptor to treat melanoma.
Malignant melanoma is an important issue in oncology due to its high incidence, high mortality, and resistance to systemic therapy; however, targeted immunotherapy has noticeably improved the survival rates of melanoma patients. Promising targeted immunotherapies for malignant melanoma include the blockade of immune checkpoints with antibodies targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 and the programmed cell death protein 1 pathway. The US FDA-approved antibody ipilimumab targets cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4; however, it was limited by toxicity and a low response. Nivolumab and pembrolizumab (formerly lambrolizumab), the two FDA-approved anti-programmed death-1 monoclonal antibodies, show highly durable response rates and long-term safety, validating the importance of the programmed cell death protein 1 pathway blockade for treatment of malignant melanoma.
['Faghfuri|Elnaz|E|', 'Faramarzi|Mohammad Ali|MA|', 'Nikfar|Shekoufeh|S|', 'Abdollahi|Mohammad|M|']
D000818:Animals D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized D000970:Antineoplastic Agents D006801:Humans D007167:Immunotherapy D008545:Melanoma D000077594:Nivolumab D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor D012878:Skin Neoplasms D015996:Survival Rate
nivolumab pembrolizumab monoclonal antibody PD-1 receptor melanoma