Ageing, retirement and changes in vegetable consumption in France: findings from the prospective GAZEL cohort.
The aim of this study was to describe the change in vegetable consumption with ageing and the transition to retirement. Study subjects were the participants of the GAZEL prospective cohort (Gaz and Électricité de France) aged 40-49 years at inclusion in 1989 who retired between 1991 and 2008 (12,942 men and 2739 women). Four FFQ were completed from 1990 to 2009. We used multiple imputation by chained equations in order to avoid dropping incomplete cases. The OR for eating vegetables everyday was estimated as a function of ageing, retirement status and the place of lunch before retirement through generalised estimating equations. Analyses were stratified by sex, and models were adjusted for confounders, including current spousal status. In 1990, 17.7% of men and 31% of women reported eating vegetables daily. The odds of consuming vegetables everyday increased with ageing for both men and women. The usual place of lunch was home for less than half the sample before retirement and for almost every respondent after retirement. For those who changed their place of lunch, the association between being retired and the odds of eating vegetables daily was positive and significant. We found that, in this cohort, vegetable consumption increased with ageing. Retirement had an indirect effect on vegetable consumption mediated by changes in the place of lunch.
['Plessz|Marie|M|', 'Guéguen|Alice|A|', 'Goldberg|Marcel|M|', 'Czernichow|Sébastien|S|', 'Zins|Marie|M|']
D000328:Adult D015331:Cohort Studies D004032:Diet D004034:Diet Surveys D058620:Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena D005260:Female D005500:Follow-Up Studies D005522:Food Services D005602:France D006801:Humans D062409:Lunch D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D018673:Nutrition Policy D000066388:Oil and Gas Industry D010349:Patient Compliance D011446:Prospective Studies D012179:Retirement D012727:Sex Characteristics D018454:Spouses D014675:Vegetables D000078329:Workforce D017132:Workplace
Ageing Retirement Vegetable consumption GAZEL prospective cohort Multiple imputations GAZEL Gaz and Électricité de France Meal place