International trends in liver cancer incidence, overall and by histologic subtype, 1978-2007.
Primary liver cancer, the most common histologic types of which are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. While rising incidence of liver cancer in low-risk areas and decreasing incidence in some high-risk areas has been reported, trends have not been thoroughly explored by country or by histologic type. We examined liver cancer incidence overall and by histology by calendar time and birth cohort for selected countries between 1978 and 2007. For each successive 5-year period, age-standardized incidence rates were calculated from volumes V-IX of the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents electronic database (CI5plus) and the newly released CI5X (volume X) database. Wide global variations persist in liver cancer incidence. Rates of liver cancer remain highest in Asian countries, specifically Eastern and South-Eastern Asian countries. While rates in most of these high-risk countries have been decreasing in recent years, rates in India and several low-risk countries of Africa, Europe, the Americas, and Oceania have been on the rise. Liver cancer rates by histologic type tend to convey a similar temporal profile. However, in Thailand, France, and Italy, ICC rates have increased while HCC rates have declined. We expect rates in high-risk countries to continue to decrease, as the population seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to decline. In low-risk countries, targeted screening and treatment of the hepatitis C virus (HCV), treatment of diabetes and primary prevention of obesity, will be key in reducing future liver cancer incidence.
['Petrick|Jessica L|JL|', 'Braunlin|Megan|M|', 'Laversanne|Mathieu|M|', 'Valery|Patricia C|PC|', 'Bray|Freddie|F|', 'McGlynn|Katherine A|KA|']
D000328:Adult D000367:Age Factors D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma D015331:Cohort Studies D005260:Female D014943:Global Health D006801:Humans D015994:Incidence D038622:Internationality D008113:Liver Neoplasms D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D012737:Sex Factors
international trends liver cancer incidence