Influence of mini-screw implant-assisted intrusion on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption: a systematic review.
AIM
To systematically review indexed literature related to the influence of mini-screw implant (MSI)-assisted intrusion on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR).


METHODS
Indexed databases were searched without time and language restrictions using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The inclusion criteria were: (a) original studies; (b) patients/subjects undergoing MSI-assisted intrusion; and (c) tomographic and/or histological assessment of OIIRR. Letters to the Editor, commentaries, case reports/series, reviews, and studies based on two-dimensional radiographic assessment of OIIRR were excluded. For experimental and clinical studies, the risk of bias assessment was performed using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation risk of bias tool and the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions guidelines, respectively.


RESULTS
The initial search yielded 453 studies, out of which 6 (3 clinical and 3 on animal-models) were included. The clinical studies were performed on males and females with a mean age ranging between 16.07 and 25.5 years. Duration of the clinical studies ranged from 3.8 to 9 months. The animal studies were performed on mini-pigs, rats, and dogs. The mean age in the studies on rats and mini-pigs was 2.76 and 18 months, respectively. In the study on canine models, mean age was not reported. In all studies, MSI-assisted intrusion was shown to cause OIIRR. Power analysis was performed in one study. All studies had a moderate risk of bias.


CONCLUSIONS
MSI-assisted intrusion is a risk factor for OIIRR; however, from a clinical perspective, further well-designed and power-adjusted studies are needed.
['St Martin|J G|JG|', 'Javed|F|F|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9253-1989', 'Rossouw|P E|PE|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2518-2766', 'Michelogiannakis|D|D|http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5356-4406']
D000818:Animals D001863:Bone Screws D005260:Female D006801:Humans D051381:Rats D012391:Root Resorption D013552:Swine D013556:Swine, Miniature D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques
Intrusion Orthodontic Root resorption Mini-screw implants