Bile acids LCA and CDCA inhibited porcine deltacoronavirus replication in vitro.
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteric coronavirus that causes gastroenteritis in pigs and no vaccines or antiviral drugs are available. Bile acids are active factors in intestines and influence the replication of enteric viruses. Currently, the role of bile acids on PDCoV replication is unknown. In this study, we tested the effects of different types of bile acids on the replication of PDCoV in cell culture. We found that physiological concentrations of bile acids chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA) had antiviral activity against PDCoV in porcine kidney cell line (LLC-PK1) and porcine small intestinal epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2). In IPEC-J2 cells, CDCA and LCA inhibited PDCoV replication at post-entry stages by inducing the production of interferon (IFN)-λ3 and IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) via G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). In summary, bile acids CDCA and LCA restricted PDCoV infection and LCA functioned through a GPCR-IFN-λ3-ISG15 signaling axis in IPEC-J2 cells. Our results may open new avenues for the development of antiviral drugs to treat PDCoV infection in pigs.
['Kong|Fanzhi|F|', 'Niu|Xiaoyu|X|', 'Liu|Mingde|M|', 'Wang|Qiuhong|Q|']
D000818:Animals D001647:Bile Acids and Salts D002635:Chenodeoxycholic Acid D000085686:Deltacoronavirus D004847:Epithelial Cells D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions D007372:Interferons D018374:LLC-PK1 Cells D008095:Lithocholic Acid D013552:Swine D013553:Swine Diseases D014779:Virus Replication
Bile acids Porcine deltacoronavirus Interferon