Type IV Hypersensitivity to Gold Weight Upper-Eyelid Implant: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
PURPOSE
Complications associated with gold-weight insertion for lagophthalmos are uncommon, recent reports have provided evidence to suggest that type IV hypersensitivity to gold can cause a persistent inflammatory reaction.


METHODS
We present a case of a 46-year-old man who experienced persistent post-operative inflammation, and summarize previously documented cases. This patient underwent uncomplicated insertion of an upper eyelid gold weight for right-sided facial nerve palsy. He had no allergies or implanted metalwork. Post-operatively erythema was noted at seven-weeks and did not resolve. The weight was removed after six-months.


RESULTS
The histopathological findings were in keeping with type IV hypersensitivity and similar to previous cases.


CONCLUSIONS
Although infrequent, this complication has poor outcomes. The definitive management is removal of the weight. Information regarding implanted gold, and previous reactions should be elicited pre-operatively. Type IV hypersensitivity should be considered in patients with persistent inflammation that do not respond to antibiotic or steroid therapy.
['Kilduff|Caroline L S|CLS|', 'Casswell|Edward J|EJ|', 'Imonikhe|Richard|R|', 'Marjanovic|Branka|B|']
D019882:Blepharoplasty D020878:Device Removal D005141:Eyelid Diseases D005143:Eyelids D006046:Gold D006801:Humans D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D011183:Postoperative Complications D019736:Prostheses and Implants D012086:Reoperation
type IV hypersensitivity Gold weights lagophthalmos inflammation persistent erythema