RNA is taking its Toll: Impact of RNA-specific Toll-like receptors on health and disease.
RNA-sensing Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are often described as antiviral receptors of the innate immune system. However, the past decade has shown that the function and relevance of these receptors are far more complex. They were found to be essential for the detection of various bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic microorganisms and facilitate the discrimination between dead and living microbes. The cytokine and interferon response profile that is triggered has the potential to improve the efficacy of next-generation vaccines and may prevent the development of asthma and allergy. Nevertheless, the ability to recognize foreign RNA comes with a cost as also damaged host cells can release nucleic acids that might induce an inappropriate immune response. Thus, it is not surprising that RNA-sensing TLRs play a key role in various autoimmune diseases. However, promising new inhibitors and antagonists are on the horizon to improve their treatment.
['Vierbuchen|Tim|T|0000-0003-3110-4155', 'Stein|Karina|K|0000-0003-1915-9962', 'Heine|Holger|H|0000-0001-8128-5068']
D000818:Animals D001249:Asthma D015551:Autoimmunity D015415:Biomarkers D004198:Disease Susceptibility D011992:Endosomes D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions D006801:Humans D006967:Hypersensitivity D007113:Immunity, Innate D008024:Ligands D012313:RNA D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
RNA vaccines TLR8 archaea infection