Immune profiling of pregnant Toxoplasma-infected US and Colombia patients reveals surprising impacts of infection on peripheral blood cytokines.
In North America (NA) and Europe, the majority of toxoplasmosis cases are benign and generally asymptomatic, whereas in South America (SA) toxoplasmosis is associated with much more severe symptoms in adults and congenitally infected children. The reasons for these differences remain unknown; currently, there is little information from patients in either region on how the immune system responds to infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Here, we report the relative abundance of 51 serum cytokines from acute and chronic toxoplasmosis cohorts of pregnant women from the United States, where approximately one-half of clinical isolates are Type II, and Colombia, where clinical isolates are generally "atypical" or Type I-like strains. Surprisingly, the results showed notably lower levels of 23 cytokines in acutely infected patients from the United States, relative to uninfected US controls. In acutely infected Colombian patients, however, only 8 cytokine levels differed detectably with 4 being lower and 4 higher relative to uninfected controls. Strikingly, there were also differences in the cytokine profiles of the chronically infected patients relative to uninfected controls in the US cohort. Hence, Toxoplasma appears to specifically impact levels of circulating cytokines, and our results may partly explain region-specific differences in the clinical spectrum of toxoplasmosis.
['Pernas|Lena|L|', 'Ramirez|Raymund|R|', 'Holmes|Tyson H|TH|', 'Montoya|José G|JG|', 'Boothroyd|John C|JC|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D016022:Case-Control Studies D003105:Colombia D016207:Cytokines D005260:Female D006801:Humans D008875:Middle Aged D011247:Pregnancy D015597:Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic D014123:Toxoplasmosis D014481:United States D055815:Young Adult
pregnant Colombia cytokines toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma gondii acute chronic congenital, cytokine profile