Enhancing the Furosemide Permeability by Papain Minitablets Through a Triple Co-culture In Vitro Intestinal Cell Model.
The administration of medicines by the oral route is the most used approach for being very convenient. Although it is the most popular, this route also has absorption, and consequently, bioavailability limitations. In this sense, several pharmacotechnical strategies have been used to improve drug absorption, one of which is the use of permeation promoters. Papain is a very versatile plant enzyme that can be used as a permeation promoter of various active compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of papain and the formulation of native papain minitablets to promote in vitro permeation of furosemide through an innovative biomimetic triple co-culture model of Caco-2, HT29-MTX, and Raji cells. Regarding permeation, furosemide and metaprolol concentrations are determined with HPLC; those are used to calculate Papp. Monolayer integrity was evaluated using TEER and Lucifer Yellow. In the presence of papain, TEER decreased two-fold and the Papp of furosemide increased six-fold. The results suggest that native papain minitablets can be used as therapeutic adjuvants to enhance the permeation of drugs significantly improving bioavailability.
['Corazza|Fúlvio G|FG|', 'Ernesto|Julia V|JV|', 'Nambu|Felipe A N|FAN|', 'Calixto|Leandro A|LA|', 'Varca|Gustavo H C|GHC|', 'Vieira|Daniel P|DP|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0007-534X', 'Leite-Silva|Vânia R|VR|', 'Andréo-Filho|Newton|N|', 'Lopes|Patricia S|PS|']
D001682:Biological Availability D018938:Caco-2 Cells D018920:Coculture Techniques D004232:Diuretics D005665:Furosemide D019073:HT29 Cells D006801:Humans D066298:In Vitro Techniques D007408:Intestinal Absorption D007413:Intestinal Mucosa D010206:Papain D010539:Permeability D013607:Tablets
papain TEER in vitro safety mucus oral permeation enhancer