Effects of periodontal treatment on the medical status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pilot study.
BACKGROUND
Studies have demonstrated that periodontal disease is associated with the development of systemic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate which markers among various systemic disease parameters are affected by periodontal treatment in patients with T2DM.


METHODS
Twelve patients with T2DM were given oral hygiene instructions and subsequent subgingival scaling and root planing. The periodontal status was recorded, and blood and urine samples were taken to measure various parameters of glucose control and systemic status at baseline and 1 month following the periodontal treatment. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.


RESULTS
After the periodontal treatment, the glycated hemoglobin value was significantly improved. The levels of urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase and albumin, which are markers of renal dysfunction, also decreased significantly after treatment. Among the parameters measured in serum, the γ-glutamyl transpeptidase level, which is usually interpreted as a marker of liver dysfunction, was significantly reduced. The serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were also significantly reduced by periodontal treatment.


CONCLUSION
Within the limitations of this pilot study, periodontal treatment may be effective not only in improving metabolic control, but also in reducing the risk of diabetic kidney and liver disease in patients with T2DM.
['Hayashi|Joichiro|J|', 'Hasegawa|Akihiko|A|', 'Hayashi|Kohei|K|', 'Suzuki|Takafumi|T|', 'Ishii|Makiko|M|', 'Otsuka|Hideharu|H|', 'Yatabe|Kazuhiro|K|', 'Goto|Seiichi|S|', 'Tatsumi|Junichi|J|', 'Shin|Kitetsu|K|']
D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase D000419:Albuminuria D015415:Biomarkers D002097:C-Reactive Protein D055113:Chronic Periodontitis D012534:Dental Scaling D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay D005260:Female D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin A D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D009910:Oral Hygiene D010512:Periodontal Index D010865:Pilot Projects D016745:Root Planing D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Periodontal treatment Type 2 diabetes mellitus Glycated hemoglobin Urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase γ-glutamyl transpeptidase