A Review of Cry Protein Detection with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays.
The widespread use of Cry proteins in insecticide formulations and transgenic crops for insect control has led to an increased interest in the environmental fate of these proteins. Although several detection methods are available to monitor the fate of Cry proteins in the environment, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have emerged as the preferred detection method, due to their cost-effectiveness, ease of use, and rapid results. Validation of ELISAs is necessary to ensure accurate measurements of Cry protein concentrations in the environment. Validation methodology has been extensively researched and published for the areas of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and precision; however, cross validation of ELISA results has been studied to a lesser extent. This review discusses the use of ELISAs for detection of Cry proteins in environmental samples and validation of ELISAs and introduces cross validation. The state of Cry protein environmental fate research is considered through a critical review of published literature to identify areas where the use of validation protocols can be improved.
['Albright|Vurtice C|VC|', 'Hellmich|Richard L|RL|', 'Coats|Joel R|JR|']
D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins D001426:Bacterial Proteins D018556:Crops, Agricultural D004731:Endotoxins D004785:Environmental Pollutants D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay D006460:Hemolysin Proteins D007306:Insecticides D010572:Pest Control, Biological D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified D015203:Reproducibility of Results D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
Cry protein transgenic crops environmental fate ELISA cross validation Bt proteins bioassays