Ileal Transposition Increases Pancreatic β Cell Mass and Decreases β Cell Senescence in Diet-Induced Obese Rats.
BACKGROUND
Ileal transposition (IT) is a surgical procedure to investigate the role of the distal small intestine in metabolic improvements induced by bariatric/metabolic surgery, which has been applied to some human cases. We performed IT in diet-induced obese rats to investigate the effect of IT on glucose metabolism and β cell senescence.


METHODS
Sprague-Dawley rats were fed high-fat diet (60% of total calories from fat) for 12 weeks and randomized into either IT or sham surgery. In the IT group, the distal ileal segment located between 5 and 15 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve was transposed 10 cm distal to the Treitz ligament isoperistaltically. In the sham surgery group, 3 corresponding transections of the intestine were made at the same locations as in IT and reattached in situ. β cell senescence was examined by the expression of two markers in vivo, p53BP1 and p16.


RESULTS
IT did not have a significant effect on body weight and insulin sensitivity, but postprandial insulin secretion was significantly increased. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY secretion were also increased after IT. The histology of the transposed ileum showed distinct hypertrophy with increased GLP-1 positive enteroendocrine cells. Pancreatic β cell area was significantly increased in the IT group. The percentage of p16 or p53BP1 positive senescent β cells was significantly lower in the IT group versus the sham group.


CONCLUSIONS
IT improved glucose tolerance in diet-induced obese rats mainly through augmented insulin secretion. This improvement was associated with attenuated β cell senescence.
['Ahn|Chang Ho|CH|', 'Choi|Eun Hye|EH|', 'Oh|Tae Jung|TJ|', 'Cho|Young Min|YM|0000-0002-2331-6126']
D000818:Animals D001786:Blood Glucose D016922:Cellular Senescence D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test D007082:Ileum D007328:Insulin D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells D009765:Obesity D009767:Obesity, Morbid D051381:Rats D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Ileal transposition β cell mass β cell senescence Glucagon-like peptide-1