Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles for Soil and Groundwater Remediation.
Zero-valent iron has been reported as a successful remediation agent for environmental issues, being extensively used in soil and groundwater remediation. The use of zero-valent nanoparticles have been arisen as a highly effective method due to the high specific surface area of zero-valent nanoparticles. Then, the development of nanosized materials in general, and the improvement of the properties of the nano-iron in particular, has facilitated their application in remediation technologies. As the result, highly efficient and versatile nanomaterials have been obtained. Among the possible nanoparticle systems, the reactivity and availability of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (NZVI) have achieved very interesting and promising results make them particularly attractive for the remediation of subsurface contaminants. In fact, a large number of laboratory and pilot studies have reported the high effectiveness of these NZVI-based technologies for the remediation of groundwater and contaminated soils. Although the results are often based on a limited contaminant target, there is a large gap between the amount of contaminants tested with NZVI at the laboratory level and those remediated at the pilot and field level. In this review, the main zero-valent iron nanoparticles and their remediation capacity are summarized, in addition to the pilot and land scale studies reported until date for each kind of nanomaterials.
['Galdames|Alazne|A|', 'Ruiz-Rubio|Leire|L|0000-0002-2045-008X', 'Orueta|Maider|M|', 'Sánchez-Arzalluz|Miguel|M|', 'Vilas-Vilela|José Luis|JL|0000-0002-0188-4579']
D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental D004784:Environmental Monitoring D004787:Environmental Pollution D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation D060587:Groundwater D006801:Humans D007501:Iron D053768:Metal Nanoparticles D012987:Soil D012989:Soil Pollutants D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
zero-valent iron nanoparticles NZVI bimetallic nanoparticles pilot-scale soil remediation stabilized zero-valent iron nanoparticles