Medication associated with hearing loss: 25 years of medical malpractice cases in the United States.
OBJECTIVES
Many medications have the potential for ototoxicity. To potentiate management of this risk, this study examines malpractice litigation trends of lawsuits involving hearing loss associated with medication use. As experts in hearing loss, it may benefit otolaryngologists to be familiar with this information.


STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective review.


SETTING
All US civil trials.


SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Court records of legal trials from 1987 to 2012 were obtained from 2 major computerized databases. Data were compiled on the demographics of the defendant and plaintiff, use of otolaryngologists as expert witnesses, medication used, legal allegations, verdicts, and judgments.


RESULTS
Forty-six unique cases met inclusion criteria and were selected for review. Antibiotics (72%), specifically aminoglycosides (47%), were the most common medications cited as causing hearing loss. Eleven (22%) cases were resolved through a settlement before a verdict was reached. Verdicts in favor of the plaintiffs (37%) were awarded an average of $1,134,242. Pediatric patients were more likely to have outcomes in their favor (P = .03) compared to adults. Of the cases found in favor of the plaintiff, the most common reasons cited were inappropriate medication, dose, or duration (59%); failure to properly monitor (39%); and failure to choose a less toxic medication (18%).


CONCLUSIONS
Physicians must be aware of the potential effects of the medications they prescribe. An understanding of potential drug interactions, proper monitoring, and appropriate substitution with less toxic medications are important to improve patient care. Analyzing litigation trends may be used to prevent future lawsuits and improve physician awareness.
['Ruhl|Douglas S|DS|', 'Cable|Benjamin B|BB|', 'Martell|David W|DW|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D002648:Child D002945:Cisplatin D016208:Databases, Factual D005260:Female D005839:Gentamicins D034381:Hearing Loss D006801:Humans D015994:Incidence D007603:Jurisprudence D016365:Liability, Legal D008297:Male D008318:Malpractice D008508:Medication Errors D012189:Retrospective Studies D018570:Risk Assessment D014481:United States
medication hearing loss medical malpractice ototoxicity