Oligosaccharide biotechnology: an approach of prebiotic revolution on the industry.
Oligosaccharides are polymers with two to ten monosaccharide residues which have sweetener functions and sensory characteristics, in addition to exerting physiological effects on human health. The ones called nondigestible exhibit a prebiotic behavior being fermented by colonic microflora or stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria, playing roles in the immune system, protecting against cancer, and preventing cardiovascular and metabolic issues. The global prebiotics market is expected to grow around 12.7% in the next 8 years, so manufacturers are developing new alternatives to obtain sustainable and efficient processes for application on a large scale. Most studied examples of biotechnological processes involve the development of new strategies for fructooligosaccharide, galactooligosaccharide, xylooligosaccharide, and mannanooligosaccharide synthesis. Among these, the use of whole cells in fermentation, synthesis of microbial enzymes (β-fructofuranosidases, β-galactosidases, xylanases, and β-mannanases), and enzymatic process development (permeabilization, immobilization, gene expression) can be highlighted, especially if the production costs are reduced by the use of agro-industrial residues or by-products such as molasses, milk whey, cotton stalks, corncobs, wheat straw, poplar wood, sugarcane bagasse, and copra meal. This review comprises recent studies to demonstrate the potential for biotechnological production of oligosaccharides, and also aspects that need more investigation for future applications in a large scale.
['Mano|Mario Cezar Rodrigues|MCR|', 'Neri-Numa|Iramaia Angélica|IA|', 'da Silva|Juliana Bueno|JB|', 'Paulino|Bruno Nicolau|BN|', 'Pessoa|Marina Gabriel|MG|', 'Pastore|Gláucia Maria|GM|']
D001709:Biotechnology D003106:Colon D003611:Dairy Products D005285:Fermentation D019649:Food Industry D005965:Glucuronates D006801:Humans D009844:Oligosaccharides D011134:Polysaccharides D056692:Prebiotics D001616:beta-Galactosidase D044902:beta-Mannosidase
Oligosaccharides Biotechnology Prebiotics Enzyme By-products