Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in adulthood: Long-term clinical follow-up of 38 patients and analysis of their recorded seizures.
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a severe epileptic encephalopathy with childhood onset that usually continues through adolescence and into adulthood. In the long term, patients with this condition still have intractable seizures, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and physical comorbidities. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and EEG characteristics of a group of adults with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. We identified 38 (22 females, 16 males) patients with LGS older than age 18years at their last evaluation, with mean age of 43.3±10.6years. Median follow-up was 14.4years (range: 2-40). All of our patients had 3 or more seizure types during their clinical history. The most prevalent seizure types at follow-up were atypical absences (28/38), tonic (28/38), generalized tonic-clonic (17/38), focal (11/38), and myoclonic seizures (9/38). All patients had drug-resistant seizures. Besides epilepsy, intellectual disability and behavioral problems were prominent features. Surprisingly, paroxysmal nonepileptic seizures were reported in 3 patients. Our observations confirm the poor outcome of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome through adulthood, regardless of age at seizure onset, etiology, and history of previous West syndrome.
['Vignoli|Aglaia|A|', 'Oggioni|Gaia|G|', 'De Maria|Giovanni|G|', 'Peron|Angela|A|', 'Savini|Miriam Nella|MN|', 'Zambrelli|Elena|E|', 'Chiesa|Valentina|V|', 'La Briola|Francesca|F|', 'Turner|Katherine|K|', 'Canevini|Maria Paola|MP|']
D000328:Adult D001921:Brain D004569:Electroencephalography D005260:Female D005500:Follow-Up Studies D006801:Humans D008607:Intellectual Disability D065768:Lennox Gastaut Syndrome D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D000066553:Problem Behavior D012640:Seizures D063189:Symptom Assessment
Seizures Drug-resistance Lennox–Gastaut syndrome Long-term evolution Video-EEG recordings