Microbial dynamics, metabolomic profiles, and the correlation between them during fermentation of serofluid dish.
BACKGROUND
Serofluid dish, a traditional Chinese fermented food, possesses unique flavors and health beneficial effects. These properties are likely due to the sophisticated metabolic networks during fermentation, which are mainly driven by microbiota. However, the exact roles of metabolic pathways and the microbial community during this process remain equivocal.


RESULTS
Here, we investigated the microbial dynamics by next-generation sequencing, and outlined a differential non-targeted metabolite profiling in the process of serofluid dish fermentation using the method of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography column with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Lactobacillus was the leading genus of bacteria, while Pichia and Issatchenkia were the dominant fungi. They all accumulated during fermentation. In total, 218 differential metabolites were identified, of which organic acids, amino acids, sugar and sugar alcohols, fatty acids, and esters comprised the majority. The constructed metabolic network showed that tricarboxylic acid cycle, urea cycle, sugar metabolism, amino acids metabolism, choline metabolism, and flavonoid metabolism were regulated by the fermentation. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that the leading fungi, Pichia and Issatchenkia, were linked to organic acids, amino acid and sugar metabolism, flavonoids, and several other flavor and functional components. Antibacterial tests indicated the antibacterial effect of serofluid soup against Salmonella and Staphylococcus.


CONCLUSION
This work provides new insights into the complex microbial and metabolic networks during serofluid dish fermentation, and a theoretical basis for the optimization of its industrial production. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
['Wei|Jia|J|', 'Ren|Weihe|W|', 'Wang|Liping|L|', 'Liu|Menghao|M|', 'Tian|Xiaojing|X|', 'Ding|Gongtao|G|https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7884-4869', 'Ma|Zhongren|Z|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3249-9083']
D000596:Amino Acids D001419:Bacteria D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid D005227:Fatty Acids D005285:Fermentation D000074421:Fermented Foods D005658:Fungi D006801:Humans D013058:Mass Spectrometry D055432:Metabolomics D064307:Microbiota D013649:Taste D014675:Vegetables
microbial dynamics serofluid dish correlation analysis metabolite changes metabolite network