Clinical, physical, physiological, and dietary patterns of obese and sedentary adults with primary hypertension characterized by sex and cardiorespiratory fitness: EXERDIET-HTA study.
The main purpose of this study was to determine some key physical, physiological, clinical, and nutritional markers of health status in obese and sedentary adults (54.0 ± 8.1 years, 141 men and 68 women) with primary hypertension (HTN) characterized by sex and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level. The studied population showed a high cardiovascular risk (CVR) profile including metabolically abnormal obese, with poor CRF level (22.5 ± 5.6 mL·kg-1·min-1), exercise-induced HTN (Systolic Blood Pressure>210 mmHg in men and >190 mmHg in women at the end of the exercise test) and with non-healthy adherence to dietary pattern (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, 46.3%; Mediterranean Diet, 41.1%; and Healthy Diet Indicator, 37.1%). Women showed a better biochemical and dietary pattern profile than men (lower values, P < 0.05, in triglycerides, mean difference = 26.3; 95% CI = 0.9-51.7 mg/dL, aspartate transaminase, mean difference = 4.2; 95% CI = 0.3-8.0 U/L; alanine transaminase, mean difference = 8.2; 95% CI = 1.6-14.8 U/L; gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, mean difference = 11.0; 95% CI = -1.1-23.2 U/L and higher values, P = 0.002, in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mean difference = 5.0, 95% CI = -13.3-3.3 mg/dL), but physical and peak exercise physiological characteristics were poorer. A higher CRF level might contribute to the attenuation of some CVR factors, such as high body mass index, non-dipping profile, and high hepatic fat. The results strongly suggest that targeting key behaviors such as improving nutritional quality and CRF via regular physical activity will contribute to improving the health with independent beneficial effects on CVR factors.
['Gorostegi-Anduaga|Ilargi|I|', 'Corres|Pablo|P|', 'Jurio-Iriarte|Borja|B|', 'Martínez-Aguirre|Aitor|A|', 'Pérez-Asenjo|Javier|J|', 'Aispuru|Gualberto R|GR|', 'Arenaza|Lide|L|', 'Romaratezabala|Estibaliz|E|', 'Arratibel-Imaz|Iñaki|I|', 'Mujika|Iñigo|I|', 'Francisco-Terreros|Silvia|S|', 'Maldonado-Martín|Sara|S|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2622-5385']
D000328:Adult D000368:Aged D000410:Alanine Transaminase D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases D001794:Blood Pressure D015992:Body Mass Index D000072599:Cardiorespiratory Fitness D008076:Cholesterol, HDL D000072001:Diet, Healthy D005080:Exercise Test D005260:Female D006304:Health Status D006801:Humans D006973:Hypertension D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D009765:Obesity D010349:Patient Compliance D005082:Physical Exertion D012307:Risk Factors D057185:Sedentary Behavior D012737:Sex Factors D014280:Triglycerides D055815:Young Adult D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase
dietary pattern Cardiorespiratory fitness cardiovascular risk metabolically abnormal obese sex differences