Framing Effects on Online Security Behavior.
We conducted an incentivized lab experiment examining the effect of gain vs. loss-framed warning messages on online security behavior. We measured the probability of suffering a cyberattack during the experiment as the result of five specific security behaviors: choosing a safe connection, providing minimum information during the sign-up process, choosing a strong password, choosing a trusted vendor, and logging-out. A loss-framed message led to more secure behavior during the experiment. The experiment also measured the effect of trusting beliefs and cybersecurity knowledge. Trusting beliefs had a negative effect on security behavior, while cybersecurity knowledge had a positive effect.
['Rodríguez-Priego|Nuria|N|', 'van Bavel|René|R|', 'Vila|José|J|', 'Briggs|Pam|P|']
lab experiment cyber security gain vs. loss frame nudge online behavior prospect theory threat assessment