Extrapulmonary sequestration with a left internal thoracic arterial feeding vessel in an infant treated with video-assisted Thoracoscopic resection: a case report.
BACKGROUND
Congenital lung malformations exist along a spectrum of pathogenesis and disease severity. Extrapulmonary sequestration (EPS), in which nonfunctional lung tissue develops without connection to the tracheobronchial tree, is one rare manifestation of this disease. Atypical vascular anatomy with a systemic feeding vessel characterizes these lesions.


CASE PRESENTATION
A 3 day old, 37 week gestation infant underwent chest X-ray for confirmation of umbilical catheter placement and was found to have an elevated left hemidiaphragm consistent with eventration versus congenital diaphragmatic hernia. He remained asymptomatic and was evaluated as an outpatient at the age of 9 months, where CT angiogram demonstrated extrapulmonary versus intrapulmonary sequestration with a systemic feeding vessel from the left internal mammary artery.


CONCLUSIONS
It is exceedingly rare for the feeding artery to arise from the internal mammary; two such cases have been reported to date, both in adult patients. Here we present a third case of EPS with arterial supply from the internal mammary successfully treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic resection in a 9 month old infant.
['DiChiacchio|Laura|L|http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0854-7241', 'Cappiello|Clint D|CD|', 'Greenspon|Jose|J|']
D001998:Bronchopulmonary Sequestration D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital D006801:Humans D007231:Infant, Newborn D008168:Lung D008297:Male D008323:Mammary Arteries D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted
Extrapulmonary sequestration Internal thoracic artery Pediatric Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery