Familial and individual predictors of obesity and insulin resistance in urban Hispanic children.
BACKGROUND
High intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has been suggested to contribute to the pediatric obesity epidemic, however, how the home food environment influence children's intake of SSB among Hispanic families is still poorly understood.


OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the relationships between the home food environment and Hispanic children's diet in relation to weight status and insulin resistance (IR).


METHODS
A food frequency questionnaire was administered to 187 Hispanic children (ages 10 to 14 years) and anthropometrics were measured. IR was estimated from fasting insulin and glucose levels using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMAIR ). Parents reported on family demographics and the home food environment. A structural equation modelling approach was applied to examine the hypothesized relationships among variables.


RESULTS
The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity was 52.8% and it was positively associated with HOMAIR (β = 0.687, P < .0001). Children's SSB consumption was positively associated with children's body mass index z-score (β = 0.151, P < 0.05) and subsequently to HOMAIR . Children's SSB consumption was predicted by home availability (β = 0.191) and parental intake of SSB (β = 0.419) (P < 0.05). The model fit indices [χ(2)  = 45.821 (d.f. = 30, P > 0.01 and < 0.05), χ(2) /d.f. = 1.53, root mean square error of approximation = 0.053 (90% confidence interval = 0.016, 0.082), comparative fit index = 0.904] suggested a satisfactory goodness-of-fit.


CONCLUSIONS
The home food environment and parental diet seem to play an important role in the children's access to and intake of SSB, which in turn predicted children's weight status.
['Santiago-Torres|M|M|', 'Cui|Y|Y|', 'Adams|A K|AK|', 'Allen|D B|DB|', 'Carrel|A L|AL|', 'Guo|J Y|JY|', 'Delgado-Rendon|A|A|', 'LaRowe|T L|TL|', 'Schoeller|D A|DA|']
D000293:Adolescent D001294:Attitude to Health D001628:Beverages D015992:Body Mass Index D001835:Body Weight D002648:Child D002675:Child, Preschool D004032:Diet D004435:Eating D005247:Feeding Behavior D005260:Female D006630:Hispanic or Latino D006801:Humans D007333:Insulin Resistance D008297:Male D010290:Parents D063766:Pediatric Obesity D011237:Predictive Value of Tests D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires D014505:Urban Population
obesity insulin resistance Family eating habits home environment