Cardiotoxicity and myocardial infarction-associated DNA damage induced by thiamethoxam in vitro and in vivo: Protective role of Trigonella foenum-graecum seed-derived polysaccharide.
The risk of pesticides on the human health and environment has drawn increasing attention. Today, new tools are developed to reduce pesticide adverse effects. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity induced by, thiamethoxam (TMX), and the cytoprotective effect of a novel polysaccharide, named fenugreek seed water polysaccharide (FWEP) in vitro using H9c2 cardiomyoblastes and in vivo using Wistar rat model. Animals were assigned into four groups per eight rats each: group 1 served as a control group, group 2 received TMX, group 3, and group 4 received both FWEP and TMX tested at two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively). Regarding the in vitro study, our results demonstrated that TMX induced a decrease in H9c2 cell viability up to 70% with the highest concentration. In vivo, TMX injection induced marked heart damage noted by a significant increase in plasma lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, troponin-T, aspartate amino transferase activities, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Concomitant alterations in cardiac antioxidant defense system revealed depletion in the levels of glutathione and non-protein thiol and an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Similarly, a significant increase in heart lipid, malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein product and in protein carbonyls levels was also noted. In addition, heart tissues histo-architecture displayed major presence of apoptosis and necrosis as confirmed by DNA degradation. However, supplementation with FWEP alleviated heart oxidative damage and genotoxicity. In this manner, ABTS radical-scavenging activity, linoleic acid oxidation tests and heart genomic and DNA nicking assay had proved FWEP strong antioxidant potential. In conclusion, FWEP provided significant protection against TMX-induced heart injury, and could be a useful and efficient agent against cardiotoxicity and atherosclerosis.
['Feki|Amal|A|', 'Ben Saad|Hajer|H|', 'Bkhairia|Intidhar|I|', 'Ktari|Naourez|N|', 'Naifar|Manel|M|', 'Boudawara|Ons|O|', 'Droguet|Mickaël|M|', 'Magné|Christian|C|', 'Nasri|Moncef|M|', 'Ben Amara|Ibtissem|I|https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-2747']
D000818:Animals D000975:Antioxidants D066126:Cardiotoxicity D002374:Catalase D002784:Cholesterol D004249:DNA Damage D005260:Female D005978:Glutathione D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008315:Malondialdehyde D009203:Myocardial Infarction D018384:Oxidative Stress D010936:Plant Extracts D011134:Polysaccharides D051381:Rats D017208:Rats, Wistar D012639:Seeds D013482:Superoxide Dismutase D000077922:Thiamethoxam D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances D029910:Trigonella
cardiotoxicity thiamethoxam polysaccharide cytotoxicity oxidative stress