Baseline markers of inflammation, lipids, glucose, and Dietary Inflammatory Index scores do not differ between adults willing to participate in an intensive inflammation reduction intervention and those who do not.
BACKGROUND:
Chronic inflammation is associated with numerous chronic diseases and can be managed with diet.


AIM:
The purpose of this study was to examine differences in baseline characteristics and plasma inflammation levels between two groups of participants that participated in an intensive, lifestyle intervention or a remotely delivered intervention. This work also assessed the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII)® scores and participants' inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers at baseline.


METHOD:
Ninety-five participants (61 intervention, 34 control) chose to enroll in either a 12-month intervention consisting of a face-to-face nutrition, physical activity, and stress management intervention or a remotely-delivered intervention (control group) focusing on general cancer prevention. The intervention group met at the University of South Carolina for classes and the control group had materials emailed to them. A quantile regression was used to compare participants' high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the association between DII scores and biomarkers.


RESULTS:
There were significant differences in age, body mass index, body fat percentage, and blood pressure between groups, but there were no differences in levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Values of interleukin-6 at the 90th percentile of its distribution were 8.31 pg/ml higher among those in DII quartile 4 compared with quartile 1 ( p = 0.02). All other outcomes were not significant.


CONCLUSION:
Given similar levels of inflammatory biomarkers, participants opting for the control group would also have benefited from a more intensive lifestyle intervention focusing on reducing inflammation.
['Crimarco|Anthony|A|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-4589', 'Turner-McGrievy|Gabrielle M|GM|', 'Wirth|Michael D|MD|', 'Shivappa|Nitin|N|', 'Dunn|Caroline|C|', 'Vyas|Shraddha|S|', 'Mandes|Trisha|T|', 'Hurley|Thomas G|TG|', 'West|Delia|D|', 'Hébert|James R|JR|']
D000273:Adipose Tissue D000328:Adult D001290:Attitude D015415:Biomarkers D001786:Blood Glucose D001794:Blood Pressure D015992:Body Mass Index D002097:C-Reactive Protein D002755:Choice Behavior D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies D004032:Diet D034742:Electronic Mail D015444:Exercise D005260:Female D015438:Health Behavior D006293:Health Promotion D006801:Humans D007249:Inflammation D015850:Interleukin-6 D008019:Life Style D008055:Lipids D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D035842:Research Subjects D013315:Stress, Psychological
Inflammation Dietary Inflammatory Index stress self-selection trial vegetarian diet