Evaluation of proteome alterations induced by cadmium stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultures.
The present study evaluates, at a proteomic level, changes in protein abundance in sunflower leaves in the absence or presence (at 50 or 700mg) of cadmium (as CdCl2). At the end of the cultivation period (45 days), proteins are extracted from leaves with phenol, separated by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE), and excised from the gels. The differential protein abundances (for proteins differing by more than 1.8 fold, which corresponds to 90% variation) are characterized using nESI-LC-MS/MS. The protein content decreases by approximately 41% in plants treated with 700mg Cd compared with control plants. By comparing all groups of plants evaluated in this study (Control vs. Cd-lower, Control vs. Cd-higher and Cd-lower vs. Cd-higher), 39 proteins are found differential and 18 accurately identified; the control vs. Cd-higher treatment is that presenting the most differential proteins. From identified proteins, those involved in energy and disease/defense (including stress), are the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain, transketolase, and heat shock proteins are the most differential abundant proteins. Thus, at the present study, photosynthesis is the main process affected by Cd in sunflowers, although these plants are highly tolerant to Cd.
['Lopes Júnior|Cícero Alves|CA|', 'Barbosa|Herbert de Sousa|Hde S|', 'Moretto Galazzi|Rodrigo|R|', 'Ferreira Koolen|Hector Henrique|HH|', 'Gozzo|Fábio Cesar|FC|', 'Arruda|Marco Aurélio Zezzi|MA|']
D002104:Cadmium D002853:Chromatography, Liquid D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins D006368:Helianthus D010788:Photosynthesis D018515:Plant Leaves D010940:Plant Proteins D020543:Proteome D040901:Proteomics D013312:Stress, Physiological D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Proteomics Cadmium Sunflower 2-D DIGE LC–MS/MS