Autoimmune and Rheumatic Manifestations Associated With COVID-19 in Adults: An Updated Systematic Review.
Background: Numerous cases of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with autoimmune and rheumatic manifestations have been reported. Despite the available reviews that summarized its autoimmune/rheumatic manifestations, a systematic approach is still lacking. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review in order to give an overview upon these rare but clinically significant manifestations. Methods: We performed a literature search of PubMed and EMBASE as of October 9, 2020. All articles relevant to either systemic or organ-specific autoimmune and rheumatic manifestations potentially associated with COVID-19 were collected. The reviewed literature were limited to adults ≥18 years. Results: Although most of the existing evidence was based on case reports or case series without a long-term follow-up, a variety of autoimmune/rheumatic manifestations were associated with COVID-19. The manifestations that have a consistent association with COVID-19 include autoimmune cytopenia, cutaneous vasculitis, encephalitis, and Guillain-Barre syndrome. Such association is conflicting as regards to antiphospholipid syndrome, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and myasthenia gravis. Conclusion: Our systematic review indicated the potential of the COVID-19 virus to trigger a myriad of autoimmune and rheumatic manifestations, which should be considered amid global efforts to combat COVID-19.
['Tang|Kuo-Tung|KT|', 'Hsu|Bo-Chueh|BC|', 'Chen|Der-Yuan|DY|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D000368:Aged D000369:Aged, 80 and over D001327:Autoimmune Diseases D015551:Autoimmunity D000086382:COVID-19 D002648:Child D002675:Child, Preschool D005260:Female D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions D006801:Humans D008297:Male D008875:Middle Aged D012216:Rheumatic Diseases D000086402:SARS-CoV-2 D055815:Young Adult
COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 autoimmune disease rheumatic disease treatment