Interventions for Neurocognitive Dysfunction.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This study aimed to evaluate current barriers to HIV cure strategies and interventions for neurocognitive dysfunction with a particular focus on recent advancements over the last 3 years.


RECENT FINDINGS
Optimal anti-retroviral therapy (ART) poses challenges to minimise neurotoxicity, whilst ensuring blood-brain barrier penetration and minimising the risk of cerebrovascular disease. CSF biomarkers, BCL11B and neurofilament light chain may be implicated with a neuroinflammatory cascade leading to cognitive impairment. Diagnostic imaging with diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state fMRI show promise in future diagnosis and monitoring of HAND. The introduction of ART has resulted in a dramatic decline in HIV-associated dementia. Despite this reduction, milder forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) are still prevalent and are clinically significant. The central nervous system (CNS) has been recognised as a probable reservoir and sanctuary for HIV, representing a significant barrier to management interventions.
['Ellero|Jacqueline|J|', 'Lubomski|Michal|M|', 'Brew|Bruce|B|']
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents D015415:Biomarkers D015658:HIV Infections D006801:Humans D019965:Neurocognitive Disorders
Neurocognitive dysfunction HIV Neurotoxicity Cerebrovascular disease Hand Dementia CNS reservoir Neuroimaging