Taking another's perspective promotes right parieto-frontal activity that reflects open-minded thought.
Critical thinking (CT) is important for consensus building. Although the practice of CT using debate is widely used to improve open-minded thought, the cognitive processes underlying this improvement remain poorly understood. Here, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to assess how neural responses while considering another's opinion are changed by CT practice and to determine whether the cortical network showing activation changes related to personality traits is relevant to consensus building. A total of 52 healthy participants were divided into three groups for an intervention; the participants read another's reasoning regarding a controversial issue and judged whether this person's viewpoint was affirmative during fMRI measurements. The intervention required them to prepare speech texts from a designated viewpoint based on both themselves and others. Compared to the control group, the group who took another's perspective showed enhanced activation of the right parieto-frontal network, that has been implicated in belief update, cognitive reappraisal of emotion, and self-perspective inhibition. Additionally, activation of the orbitofrontal cortex was negatively correlated with a stubbornness index. The results provide the first neural evidence of the effects of CT practice and support the notion that open-minded thought underlies the benefits of this practice.
['Miura|Naoki|N|0000-0001-6676-9734', 'Sugiura|Motoaki|M|', 'Nozawa|Takayuki|T|', 'Yamamoto|Yuki|Y|', 'Sasaki|Yukako|Y|', 'Hamamoto|Yumi|Y|', 'Yamazaki|Shohei|S|', 'Hirano|Kanan|K|', 'Takahashi|Makoto|M|', 'Kawashima|Ryuta|R|']
D000328:Adult D001931:Brain Mapping D005260:Female D005625:Frontal Lobe D006801:Humans D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging D008297:Male D009434:Neural Pathways D010296:Parietal Lobe D010551:Personality D010565:Persuasive Communication D013850:Thinking D055815:Young Adult
open-minded thought critical thinking fMRI right parieto-frontal network debate practice