Three-dimensional changes in nose and upper lip volume after orthognathic surgery.
Orthognathic surgery aims to improve both the function and facial appearance of the patient. Translation of the maxillomandibular complex for correction of malocclusion is always followed by changes to the covering soft tissues, especially the nose and lips. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the nasal region and upper lip due to orthognathic surgery using combined cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry datasets. Patients who underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy, with or without a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, were included in this study. Pre- and postoperative documentation consisted of 3D stereophotogrammetry and CBCT scans. 3D measurements were performed on the combined datasets and analyzed. Anterior translation and clockwise pitching of the maxilla led to a significant volume increase in the lip. Cranial translation of the maxilla led to an increase in the alar width. The combination of CBCT DICOM data and 3D stereophotogrammetry proved to be useful in the 3D analysis of the maxillary hard tissue changes, as well as changes in the soft tissues. Measurements could be acquired and compared to investigate the influence of maxillary movement on the soft tissues of the nose and the upper lip.
['van Loon|B|B|', 'van Heerbeek|N|N|', 'Bierenbroodspot|F|F|', 'Verhamme|L|L|', 'Xi|T|T|', 'de Koning|M J J|MJ|', 'Ingels|K J A O|KJ|', 'Bergé|S J|SJ|', 'Maal|T J J|TJ|']
D000293:Adolescent D000328:Adult D059925:Anatomic Landmarks D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography D005147:Facial Bones D005260:Female D006801:Humans D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional D008046:Lip D008297:Male D008310:Malocclusion D008875:Middle Aged D009666:Nose D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort D059229:Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus D010780:Photogrammetry D016896:Treatment Outcome
orthognathic surgery Le Fort I osteotomy alar width nose tip nose tip rotation rhinoplasty three-dimensional assessment