Additive Effect of Oral Steroid with Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug for Preventing Cystoid Macular Edema after Cataract Surgery in Patients with Epiretinal Membrane.
PURPOSE
To investigate the additive effect of oral steroid with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) on cystoid macular edema (CME) in patients with epiretinal membrane (ERM) after cataract surgery.


METHODS
Medical records of subjects who underwent uneventful cataract surgery (n = 1,349) were retrospectively reviewed; among these patients, those with pre-existing ERM (n = 81) were included. Patients were divided into two groups: one group had postoperative administration of oral steroid for 1 week (n = 45) and the other group did not have oral steroid administration (n = 36). Changes in macular thickness and incidence of CME were compared in both groups. Topical NSAIDs were administered in both groups for 1 month postoperatively. Definite CME and probable CME were defined by changes in retinal contour with or without cystoid changes. Change in central macular thickness of more than three standard deviations (≥90.17 μm) was defined as possible CME. Macular thickness was measured at 1 month after the operation by optical coherence tomography.


RESULTS
The incidence of definite, probable, and possible CME were 2.22%, 4.44%, and 8.89% with the use of steroid and 2.78%, 5.56%, and 8.33% without steroid, respectively (p = 0.694, p = 0.603, and p = 0.625), and regardless of treatment group, the incidences in these patients were higher compared to incidences in whole subjects (1.26%, 2.30%, and 4.32%; p = 0.048, p = 0.032, and p = 0.038, respectively). The differences in macular thickness were not statistically different between the two groups. Average changes of central foveal thickness in 3 mm and 6 mm zone were 29.29 μm, 35.93 μm, and 38.02 μm with the use of steroid and 32.25 μm, 44.08 μm, and 45.39 μm without steroid (p = 0.747, p = 0.148, and p = 0.077, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that administration of oral steroid may not have a synergistic effect in reduction of CME and retinal thickness in patients with pre-existing ERM after cataract surgery, when topical NSAIDs are applied.
['Kim|Seonghwan|S|', 'Kim|Mee Kum|MK|', 'Wee|Won Ryang|WR|']
D000284:Administration, Oral D000287:Administration, Topical D000368:Aged D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal D002386:Cataract D002387:Cataract Extraction D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination D019773:Epiretinal Membrane D005260:Female D005938:Glucocorticoids D006801:Humans D008269:Macular Edema D008297:Male D011183:Postoperative Complications D012189:Retrospective Studies D019966:Substance-Related Disorders D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence D014792:Visual Acuity
Oral steroid Macular edema Cataract Epiretinal membrane