Down-regulated long non-coding RNA PVT1 contributes to gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia via regulation of human trophoblast cells.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to explore the expression level and biological function of lncRNA PVT1 in human trophoblast cells.


METHODS
The expression levels of PVT1 in cancer cell lines, HTR8/SVneo cell, HUVEC cell, the maternal placenta of GDM patients, PE patients and normal pregnancy were detected by qRT-PCR. The cell culture, cell transfection, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, wound scratch assay and transwell were carried out to determine the effects of silencing and overexpression of PVT1 on the HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cell line. Nuclear and chromatin RNA fraction assay, RNA-sequencing, western blot and qRT-PCR were conducted to preliminarily explore possible mechanisms.


RESULTS
The relative PVT1 expression level in HTR-8/Svneo cells was higher compared to other cancer cells and HUVEC, and was lower in the GDM and PE placentas than in the normal placentas. The results showed that PVT1 knockdown notably inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasiveness abilities of trophoblast cells, and significantly promoted the apoptosis. Furthermore, overexpression of PVT1 showed the opposite results. We identified 105 differentially expressed genes after PVT1 knockdown, 23 were up-regulated and 82 were down-regulated. GO enrichment analysis and pathway enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were closely related to the functional changes of trophoblast cells. Because of the enrichment of 7 DEGs and less Q value, PI3K/AKT pathway was prominent and attracted our attention. More importantly, we confirmed that knockdown of PVT1 obviously decreased AKT phosphorylation and decreased the expression of DEGs (GDPD3, ITGAV and ITGB8) while overexpression of PVT1 promoted the AKT phosphorylation and increased the expression of DEGs (GDPD3, ITGAV and ITGB8). PVT1 was primarily distributed in the nuclear compartment and also distributed in the cytoplasmic of HTR-8/Svneo cells.


CONCLUSIONS
This study provided the evidence that PVT1 played a vital role in trophoblast cells, and it is important for maintaining the normal physiological function of trophoblast cells. The PVT1 expression was lower in the GDM and PE placentas than the normal placentas, which might disrupt the function of trophoblast cells through PI3K/AKT pathway.
['Wang|Qiuhong|Q|', 'Lu|Xun|X|', 'Li|Chunyan|C|', 'Zhang|Wen|W|', 'Lv|Yan|Y|', 'Wang|Luyao|L|', 'Wu|Lan|L|', 'Meng|Li|L|', 'Fan|Yuru|Y|', 'Ding|Hongjuan|H|', 'Long|Wei|W|', 'Lv|Mingming|M|']
D017209:Apoptosis D002460:Cell Line D045744:Cell Line, Tumor D002465:Cell Movement D049109:Cell Proliferation D016640:Diabetes, Gestational D015536:Down-Regulation D005260:Female D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques D020868:Gene Silencing D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells D006801:Humans D011225:Pre-Eclampsia D011247:Pregnancy D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding D014327:Trophoblasts
PVT1 Gestational diabetes mellitus Preeclampsia Trophoblast cells lncRNA