In vitro activity of carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde and thymol combined with antifungals against Malassezia pachydermatis.
Malassezia pachydermatis is an important opportunistic agent of dermatitis and otitis in dogs. M. pachydermatis is generally treated with topical therapies using combinations of antifungal, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents. We investigated the in vitro activities of carvacrol (CRV), cinnamaldehyde (CIN) and thymol (THY) alone and in combination with antifungal agents (fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, terbinafine and nystatin) against M. pachydermatis. The assays were performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), using Sabouraud dextrose broth and checkerboard microdilution. The mean fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) showed primary synergies for the combinations carvacrol+nystatin, thymol+nystatin, and carvacrol+miconazole (80%). In conclusion, the results obtained indicate that the phytochemicals tested showed relevant in vitro anti-M. pachydermatis activity. Future in vivo experiments are needed to elucidate the safety and therapeutic potential of these combinations.
['Schlemmer|K B|KB|', 'Jesus|F P K|FPK|', 'Tondolo|J S M|JSM|', 'Weiblen|C|C|', 'Azevedo|M I|MI|', 'Machado|V S|VS|', 'Botton|S A|SA|', 'Alves|S H|SH|', 'Santurio|J M|JM|']
D000171:Acrolein D000818:Animals D000935:Antifungal Agents D000081007:Cymenes D003881:Dermatomycoses D004283:Dog Diseases D004285:Dogs D004338:Drug Combinations D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal D008290:Malassezia D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests D064209:Phytochemicals D013943:Thymol
Antifungal agents Malasseziosis Phytochemicals. Susceptibility