Immunoreactivity of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 and Its Correlation with Dysmenorrhea and Lesional Fibrosis in Adenomyosis.
Adenomyosis is associated with dysmenorrhea, infertility, and lesional fibrosis. The pathogenesis of adenomyosis is still unclear. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) plays important roles in pathological activities like tumor metastasis and endometriosis. Our objective was to investigate the expression and localization of PAI-1 in eutopic and ectopic endometrium with adenomyosis and in endometrium without adenomyosis. We also sought to determine the relationship between PAI-1 immunoreactivity and the severity of dysmenorrhea and the extent of lesional fibrosis in adenomyosis. PAI-1 expression was significantly higher in the ectopic endometrium of patients with adenomyosis than in both the eutopic endometrium of patients with adenomyosis and the endometrium of controls. Ectopic PAI-1 expression correlated positively with dysmenorrhea visual analog scale (VAS) scores and the extent of lesional fibrosis in adenomyosis. High PAI-1 expression increased the likelihood of moderate to severe dysmenorrhea in adenomyosis. These results suggest that PAI-1 is involved in the adenomyosis-associated dysmenorrhea and lesional fibrosis, which provide a potential target in treating symptomatic adenomyosis.
['Yang|Bingxin|B|', 'Gu|Nihao|N|', 'Shi|Shu|S|', 'Zhang|Chen|C|', 'Chen|Lan|L|', 'Ouyang|Jing|J|', 'Lin|Yu|Y|', 'Sun|Feng|F|', 'Xu|Hong|H|0000-0003-0314-9145']
Dysmenorrhea Fibrosis Adenomyosis PAI-1 Immunohistochemistry