Militia
The Non-Aligned Yugoslavia was concerned about eventual aggression from any of the superpowers, especially by the Warsaw Pact after the Prague Spring, so the Territorial Defense Forces were formed as an integral part of the total war military doctrine called Total National Defense. Those forces corresponded to military reserve forces, paramilitary or militia, the latter, in the military meaning of the term (like military formation). It should not be confused with the Yugoslav Militia- Milicija which was a term for a police.

See also: Condottieri
Gendarmerie
Historical reenactment
Irregular military
Milicja Obywatelska
National Bolivarian Militia of Venezuela
Voluntary Militia for National Security
Violent non-state actor

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Further reading: 
Aliyev, Huseyn (Jan. 2019) "When and How Do Militias Disband? Global Patterns of Pro-Government Militia Demobilization in Civil Wars. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 42/8: 715–734. DOI: 10.1080/1057610X.2018.1425112
Bledsoe, Andrew S. Citizen-Officers: The Union and Confederate Volunteer Junior Officer Corps in the American Civil War. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press, 2015. ISBN 978-0-8071-6070-1.
Churchill, Robert H. To Shake Their Guns in the Tyrant's Face,University of Michigan Press Archived 2012-11-14 at the Wayback Machine, 2009. ISBN 978-0-472-11682-9.
Cooper, Jerry M. The rise of the National Guard: the evolution of the American militia, 1865–1920. Studies in war, society, and the military, v. 1. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. 1998 ISBN 0-8032-1486-3
Galvin, John R. The Minute Men – The First Fight: Myths and Realities of the American Revolution, Brasseys, 1996 ISBN 1-57488-049-7
Hay, George J. The Constitutional Force, 1908 (reprinted by Ray Westlake Military Books, 1987). ISBN 0-9508530-7-0.
Smith, Joshua M. "The Yankee Soldier's Might: The District of Maine and the Reputation of the Massachusetts Militia, 1800–1812," in New England Quarterly LXXXIV no. 2, pp. 234–264, 2011.
Whisker, James B. The Rise and Decline of the American Militia System, Susquehanna University Press, 1999 ISBN 0-945636-92-X