The book Family, Love and the Bible observes about ancient times: “The gravest of all punishments that could be meted out to a family member who became guilty of a serious crime was to cast him out, to deprive him of his ‘ membership ’ in the family....
در مورد دوران باستان چنین می‌گوید :‏ « سخت‌ترین تنبیه برای عضوی از خانواده که خطا یا جرمی بزرگ مرتکب شده بود اخراج و محروم ساختن وی از ‹ عضویّت › خانواده بود .‏ .‏ .‏ .‏