During the early part of the era known as the golden age of Islamic science, from the 8th to the 13th century C.E. and beyond, Middle Eastern scholars translated into Arabic scientific and philosophical texts that preserved the works of such renowned Greeks as Archimedes, Aristotle, Ctesibius, Hero of Alexandria, and Philo of Byzantium.
Pada awal zaman keemasan sains Islam, dari abad ke - 8 sampai kira - kira abad ke - 13 M, para cendekiawan di Timur Tengah menerjemahkan ke bahasa Arab berbagai naskah ilmu pengetahuan dan filsafat yang melestarikan karya orang - orang Yunani terkemuka seperti Archimedes, Aristoteles, Ktesibios, Hero dari Aleksandria, dan Filo dari Bizantium.