* Traveling overland or by ship, Arabian, Persian, Indian, and European traders took with them horses, carpets, gems, and spices, which they exchanged for ceramics, lacquerware, and silk.
* Para saudagar Arab, Persia, India, dan Eropa melakukan perjalanan melalui darat atau laut, membawa kuda, permadani, permata, serta rempah - rempah, yang mereka tukarkan dengan keramik, ornamen berpernis, dan sutra.