It was further developed by Origen (third century C.E.), who claimed that “the devil had acquired a legal claim on men ” and who regarded“ the death of Christ... as a ransom paid to the devil. ” ​ — History of Dogma, by Adolf Harnack.
فدية دُفِعت الى ابليس » .‏ —‏ تاريخ العقيدة ‏ (‏ بالانكليزية )‏ ،‏ لواضعه ادولف هارناك .‏