Prior to that time, teams of horses had been used to carry packs or haul wagons over roads that in winter became so heavily rutted and deep in mud that they were impassable.
فقبل ذلك ،‏ كانت الجياد تُقرن معا وتُستخدم لنقل الاحمال او جرّ العربات على طرقات تصبح في الشتاء محفّرة وموحلة جدا بحيث يتعذّر سلوكها .‏