In this period the [Jewish] religion... took on many traits of a dualistic system in which God and the forces of good and truth were opposed in heaven and on earth by powerful forces of evil and deceit.
خصائص كثيرة من مذهب الثُّنائية الذي يقول ان الله وقوى الخير والحق يواجهون المقاومة في السماء وعلى الارض من قوى الشر والخداع الجبارة .‏