Often life - and - death decisions have to be made instantly, perhaps on the basis of inadequate information.
وغالبا ما يضطر الطبيب خلال لحظات ،‏ وربما دون توفّر معلومات وافية ،‏ الى اتخاذ قرارات قد تعني الحياة او الموت .‏