His reign itself was plagued by threats from within ​ — at least nine plots were made against his life — ​ and from without, as foreign powers encouraged rebellions.
وكان حكمه ايضا مهدَّدا من الداخل —‏ دبِّرت تسع مكايد على الاقل للقضاء عليه —‏ ومن الخارج ،‏ اذ كانت الدول الاجنبية تشجِّع على الثورات .‏