At a certain point, the gulf between Latin, the sacred ecclesiastical language, and the vernacular, with its dialects and local variants, became so wide that Latin was no longer understood by those who had no formal education.
وبحلول سنة ١٠٠٠ ،‏ كان معظم سكان شبه جزيرة ايطاليا يستصعبون قراءة الڤولڠات اللاتينية ،‏ هذا اذا تمكّنوا اساسا من الحصول على نسخة منها .‏