The Greeks did not originate the idea of an underworld full of suffering souls, for the Babylonians thought of “the nether world... as a place full of horrors,... presided over by gods and demons of great strength and fierceness. ”
مَكَانٌ مَلِيءٌ بِٱلرُّعْبِ ،‏ وَيُشْرِفُ عَلَيْهِ آلِهَةٌ وَشَيَاطِينُ ذَوُو قُوَّةٍ وَقَسَاوَةٍ كَبِيرَتَيْنِ » .‏