<sod>nan<eod>
<sod># '''[[Stand-alone inverter]]s''', used in isolated systems where the inverter draws its DC energy from batteries charged by photovoltaic arrays. Many stand-alone inverters also incorporate integral [[battery charger]]s to replenish the battery from an [[Alternating current|AC]] source, when available. Normally these do not interface in any way with the utility grid, and as such, are not required to have [[Islanding|anti-islanding protection]].<eod>