<sod>In the mid 19th to 20th centuries, the Chinese that migrated were almost entirely of Cantonese origin. Hundreds of thousands of Chinese men in the U.S, mostly of Cantonese origin from Taishan migrated to the United States. [[Anti-miscegenation laws]] in many states prohibited Chinese men from marrying white women.<ref>[http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=283998 Chin, Gabriel and Hrishi Karthikeyan, (2002) Asian Law Journal vol. 9 "Preserving Racial Identity: Population Patterns and the Application of Anti-Miscegenation Statutes to Asian Americans, 1910–1950"]. Papers.ssrn.com. Retrieved 29 January 2012.</ref> After the [[Emancipation Proclamation]], many intermarriages in some states were not recorded and historically, Chinese American men married African American women in high proportions to their total marriage numbers due to few Chinese American women being in the United States. After the Emancipation Proclamation, many Chinese Americans immigrated to the Southern states, particularly Arkansas, to work on plantations. For example, in 1880, the tenth [[US Census]] of [[Louisiana]] alone counted 57% of interracial marriages between these Chinese to be with black and 43% to be with white women.<ref name="The United States">{{cite web|url=http://www.colorq.org/MeltingPot/article.aspx?d=America&x=ChineseBlacks|title=The United States|work=Chinese blacks in the Americas|publisher=Color Q World|accessdate=15 July 2008}}</ref> Between 20 and 30 percent of the Chinese who lived in Mississippi married black women before 1940.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Susan Dente Ross|author2=Paul Martin Lester|title=Images That Injure: Pictorial Stereotypes in the Media|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=cpIHIKUS-e0C&pg=PA144|accessdate=2 March 2012|date=19 April 2011|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-37892-8|pages=144–}}</ref> In a genetic study of 199 samples from African American males found one belong to haplogroup O2a ( or 0.5% )<ref>Evaluation of Group Genetic Ancestry of Populations from Philadelphia and Dakar in the Context of Sex-Biased Admixture in the Americas Stefflova K, Dulik MC, Pai AA, Walker AH, Zeigler-Johnson CM, Gueye SM, Schurr TG, Rebbeck TR – PLoS ONE (2009). <eod>
<sod>In the mid 19th to 20th centuries, the Chinese that migrated were almost entirely of Cantonese origin. Hundreds of thousands of Chinese men in the U.S, mostly of Cantonese origin from Taishan migrated to the United States. [[Anti-miscegenation laws]] in many states prohibited Chinese men from marrying white women.<ref>[http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=283998 Chin, Gabriel and Hrishi Karthikeyan, (2002) Asian Law Journal vol. 9 "Preserving Racial Identity: Population Patterns and the Application of Anti-Miscegenation Statutes to Asian Americans, 1910–1950"]. Papers.ssrn.com. Retrieved 29 January 2012.</ref> After the [[Emancipation Proclamation]], many intermarriages in some states were not recorded and historically, Chinese American men married African American women in high proportions to their total marriage numbers due to few Chinese American women being in the United States. After the Emancipation Proclamation, many Chinese Americans migrated to the Southern states, particularly Arkansas, to work on plantations. For example, in 1880, the tenth [[US Census]] of [[Louisiana]] alone counted 57% of interracial marriages between these Chinese to be with black and 43% to be with white women.<ref name="The United States">{{cite web|url=http://www.colorq.org/MeltingPot/article.aspx?d=America&x=ChineseBlacks|title=The United States|work=Chinese blacks in the Americas|publisher=Color Q World|accessdate=15 July 2008}}</ref> Between 20 and 30 percent of the Chinese who lived in Mississippi married black women before 1940.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Susan Dente Ross|author2=Paul Martin Lester|title=Images That Injure: Pictorial Stereotypes in the Media|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=cpIHIKUS-e0C&pg=PA144|accessdate=2 March 2012|date=19 April 2011|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-37892-8|pages=144–}}</ref> In a genetic study of 199 samples from African American males found one belong to haplogroup O2a ( or 0.5% )<ref>Evaluation of Group Genetic Ancestry of Populations from Philadelphia and Dakar in the Context of Sex-Biased Admixture in the Americas Stefflova K, Dulik MC, Pai AA, Walker AH, Zeigler-Johnson CM, Gueye SM, Schurr TG, Rebbeck TR – PLoS ONE (2009). <eod>