<sod>The most common type of transgenesis research is done with bacteria and viruses which are able to replicate foreign DNA.<ref name="fasHistoryTransgenics" />  The [[plasmid]] DNA is cut using [[restriction enzyme]]s, w<eod>
<sod>The most common type of transgenesis research is done with bacteria and viruses which are able to replicate foreign DNA.<ref name="fasHistoryTransgenics" />  The [[plasmid]] DNA is cut using [[restriction enzyme]]s, while the DNA to be copied is also cut with the same restriction enzyme, producing complementary [[sticky end|sticky-ends]]. This allows the foreign DNA to [[Nucleic acid hybridisation|hybridise]] with the plasmid DNA and be sealed by DNA [[enzyme|ligase enzyme]], creating a genetic code not normally found in nature. Altered DNA is inserted into plasmids for replication.<ref name="redway" /><eod>