<sod>  
 Film-makers have long borrowed freely from Western sources, often without attribution or licensing fees. Popular Western movies have been adapted to Indian tastes, and Western tunes have been given Hindi lyrics. Rushed production schedules and low budgets encouraged such [[plagiarism]]—which could continue with impunity as long as the Western movie and recording industries ignored the very existence of Bollywood. Now that Bollywood movies are more available in [[Europe]] and [[North America]], this blatant plagiarism has somewhat diminished.  For example, in the recent film ''Kal Ho Naa Ho'' ([[2003]]), the producers paid a license fee to the estate of [[Roy Orbison]] to use the melody of his song "[[Pretty Woman]]".
 
Bollywood budgets are usually modest by Hollywood standards. [[Set (drama)|Sets]], [[costume]]s, [[special effects]], and [[cinematography]] are often less than world-class. But as Western films and [[television]] gain wider distribution in India itself, there is increasing pressure for Bollywood films to attain the same production levels. Sequences shot overseas have proved a real [[box office]] draw, so Mumbai film crews are increasingly peripatetic, filming in [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], [[England]], continental Europe, etc.        
 
 Funding for Bollywood films remains hit-and-miss.  There are no large [[Movie studio|studios]] and until recently, Indian [[bank]]s were forbidden from lending money to finance film productions.  Thus funding often comes from private distributors, and sometimes from illegitimate sources.  For example, in 2001 the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]], India's national [[police]] agency, seized all prints of the film ''Chori Chori Chupke Chupke'' after the movie was found to be funded by members of the Mumbai underworld.
 
 Another problem facing Bollywood is piracy of its films. Often pirated [[DVD#DVD-Video|DVD]]s arrive before the print for the picture.
 
Finally, television and imported foreign films are making huge inroads into the domestic Indian entertainment market. In the past, most Bollywood films could make money; now only a few are hits. Balanced against this are the increasing returns from theatres in Western countries like the [[United Kingdom]], Canada, and the United States. As more Indians migrate to these countries, they form a growing market for upscale Indian films. 'Foreign' audiences—in Asian *and* Western countries—are also growing, if more slowly.
Well known directors (in alphabetic order by last name)
 
 History of Bollywood: under construction.
 
 <eod> <sod> 
 Film-makers have long borrowed freely from Western sources, often without attribution or licensing fees. Popular Western movies have been adapted to Indian tastes, and Western tunes have been given Hindi lyrics. Rushed production schedules and low budgets encouraged such [[plagiarism]]—which could continue with impunity as long as the Western movie and recording industries ignored the very existence of Bollywood. Now that Bollywood movies are more available in [[Europe]] and [[North America]], this blatant plagiarism has somewhat diminished.  For example, in the recent film ''Kal Ho Naa Ho'' ([[2003]]), the producers paid a license fee to the estate of [[Roy Orbison]] to use the melody of his song "[[Pretty Woman]]".
 
Bollywood budgets are usually modest by Hollywood standards. [[Set (drama)|Sets]], [[costume]]s, [[special effects]], and [[cinematography]] are often less than world-class. But as Western films and [[television]] gain wider distribution in India itself, there is increasing pressure for Bollywood films to attain the same production levels. Sequences shot overseas have proved a real [[box office]] draw, so Mumbai film crews are increasingly peripatetic, filming in [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], [[England]], continental Europe and elsewhere.
 
 Funding for Bollywood films remains hit-and-miss.  There are no large [[Movie studio|studios]] and until recently, Indian [[bank]]s were forbidden from lending money to finance film productions.  Thus funding often comes from private distributors, and sometimes from illegitimate sources.  For example, in 2001 the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]], India's national [[police]] agency, seized all prints of the film ''Chori Chori Chupke Chupke'' after the movie was found to be funded by members of the Mumbai underworld.
 
 Another problem facing Bollywood is piracy of its films. Often pirated [[DVD#DVD-Video|DVD]]s arrive before the print for the picture.
 
Finally, television and imported foreign films are making huge inroads into the domestic Indian entertainment market. In the past, most Bollywood films could make money; now only a few are hits. Balanced against this are the increasing returns from theatres in Western countries like the [[United Kingdom]], Canada, and the United States. As more Indians migrate to these countries, they form a growing market for upscale Indian films. 'Foreign' audiences—in Asian ''and'' Western countries—are also growing, if more slowly.
 
 History of Bollywood: under construction.
 
 <eod>