<sod>Programs encouraging [[Abstinence-only sex education|sexual abstinence]] do not appear to affect subsequent HIV risk.<ref>{{cite journal |author= Underhill K, Operario D, Montgomery P |title= Abstinence-only programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |issue=4 |pages= CD005421|year=2008|pmid= 17943855|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005421.pub2|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clsysrev/articles/CD005421/frame.html|editor1-last= Operario|editor1-first= Don}}</ref> Evidence of any benefit from [[peer education]] is equally poor.<ref name="pmid22641791">{{cite journal|last=Tolli|first=MV|title=Effectiveness of peer education interventions for HIV prevention, adolescent pregnancy prevention and sexual health promotion for young people: a systematic review of European studies|journal=Health education research|date=May 28, 2012|volume=27|issue=5|pages=904–13|pmid=22641791|doi=10.1093/her/cys055}}</ref> [[Sex education|Comprehensive sexual education]] provided at school may decrease high risk behavior.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Ljubojević|first=S|author2=Lipozenčić, J|title=Sexually transmitted infections and adolescence|journal=Acta dermatovenerologica Croatica : ADC|year=2010|volume=18|issue=4|pages=305–10|pmid=21251451}}</ref> A substantial minority of young people continues to engage in high-risk practices despite knowing about HIV/AIDS, underestimating their own risk of becoming infected with HIV.<ref name="Patel2008">{{Cite journal| author=Patel VL, Yoskowitz NA, Kaufman DR, Shortliffe EH | title=Discerning patterns of human immunodeficiency virus risk in healthy young adults | journal=Am J Med | year=2008 | pages=758–764 | volume=121|issue=4 | pmid=18724961 |doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.04.022 | pmc=2597652}}</ref> Voluntary counseling and testing people for HIV does not affect risky behavior in those who test negative but does increase condom use in those who test positive.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Fonner|first1=VA|last2=Denison|first2=J|last3=Kennedy|first3=CE|last4=O'Reilly|first4=K|last5=Sweat|first5=M|title=Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) for changing HIV-related risk behavior in developing countries.|journal=The Cochrane database of systematic reviews|date=Sep 12, 2012|volume=9|pages=CD001224|pmid=22972050|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001224.pub4}}</ref> It is not known whether treating other sexually transmitted infections is effective in preventing HIV.<ref name=CochraneSTI2012/><eod>
<sod>Programs encouraging [[Abstinence-only sex education|sexual abstinence]] do not appear to affect subsequent HIV risk.<ref>{{cite journal |author= Underhill K, Operario D, Montgomery P |title= Abstinence-only programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |issue=4 |pages= CD005421|year=2008|pmid= 17943855|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005421.pub2|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clsysrev/articles/CD005421/frame.html|editor1-last= Operario|editor1-first= Don}}</ref> Evidence of any benefit from [[peer education]] is equally poor.<ref name="pmid22641791">{{cite journal|last=Tolli|first=MV|title=Effectiveness of peer education interventions for HIV prevention, adolescent pregnancy prevention and sexual health promotion for young people: a systematic review of European studies|journal=Health education research|date=May 28, 2012|volume=27|issue=5|pages=904–13|pmid=22641791|doi=10.1093/her/cys055}}</ref> [[Sex education|Comprehensive sexual education]] provided at school may decrease high risk behavior.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Ljubojević|first=S|author2=Lipozenčić, J|title=Sexually transmitted infections and adolescence|journal=Acta dermatovenerologica Croatica : ADC|year=2010|volume=18|issue=4|pages=305–10|pmid=21251451}}</ref> A substantial minority of young people continue to engage in high-risk practices despite knowing about HIV/AIDS, underestimating their own risk of becoming infected with HIV.<ref name="Patel2008">{{Cite journal| author=Patel VL, Yoskowitz NA, Kaufman DR, Shortliffe EH | title=Discerning patterns of human immunodeficiency virus risk in healthy young adults | journal=Am J Med | year=2008 | pages=758–764 | volume=121|issue=4 | pmid=18724961 |doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.04.022 | pmc=2597652}}</ref> Voluntary counseling and testing people for HIV does not affect risky behavior in those who test negative but does increase condom use in those who test positive.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Fonner|first1=VA|last2=Denison|first2=J|last3=Kennedy|first3=CE|last4=O'Reilly|first4=K|last5=Sweat|first5=M|title=Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) for changing HIV-related risk behavior in developing countries.|journal=The Cochrane database of systematic reviews|date=Sep 12, 2012|volume=9|pages=CD001224|pmid=22972050|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001224.pub4}}</ref> It is not known whether treating other sexually transmitted infections is effective in preventing HIV.<ref name=CochraneSTI2012/><eod>