<sod>Dr. '''Margaret Belle (Oakley) Dayhoff''' (March 11, 1925&nbsp;– February 5, 1983) was an American [[physical chemist]] and a pioneer in the field of [[bioinformatics]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Hunt|first=Lois T.|year=1983|title=Margaret O. Dayhoff 1925-1983|url=http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/dna.1983.2.97|journal=[[DNA Cell Biol.|DNA and Cell Biology]]|publisher=Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.|volume=2|issue=2|pages=97&ndash;8|doi=10.1089/dna.1983.2.97|issn=0198-0238|pmid=6347589|subscription=yes}}</ref> Dayhoff was a professor at [[Georgetown University Medical Center]] and a noted research biochemist at the [[National Biomedical Research Foundation]] (NBRF) where she pioneered the application of mathematics and computational methods to the field of biochemistry.  She dedicated her career to applying the evolving computational technologies to support advances in biology and medicine, most notably the creation of protein and nucleic acid databases and tools to interrogate the databases.  Her PhD degree was from [[Columbia University]] in the Department of Chemistry, where she devised computational methods to calculate  [[molecular resonance]] energies of several organic compounds.  She did postdoctoral studies at the Rockefeller Institute (now [[Rockefeller University]]) and the [[University of Maryland]], and joined the newly established National Biomedical Research Foundation in 1959. She was the first woman to hold office in the [[Biophysical Society]] and the first person to serve as both Secretary and eventually President.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|date = 1984-07-01|title = Margaret Oakley Dayhoff 1925–1983|url = http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02459497|journal = Bulletin of Mathematical Biology|language = en|volume = 46|issue = 4|pages = 467–472|doi = 10.1007/BF02459497|issn = 0092-8240}}</ref> She originated one of the first [[substitution matrix|substitution matrices]], [[Point accepted mutation]]s (''PAM''). The [[Proteinogenic amino acid|one-letter code]] used for amino acids was developed by her, reflecting an attempt to reduce the size of the data files used to describe amino acid sequences in an era of punch-card computing.<eod>
<sod>Dr. '''Margaret Belle (Oakley) Dayhoff''' (March 11, 1925&nbsp;– February 5, 1983) was an American [[physical chemist]] and a pioneer in the field of [[bioinformatics]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Hunt|first=Lois T.|year=1983|title=Margaret O. Dayhoff 1925-1983|url=http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/dna.1983.2.97|journal=[[DNA Cell Biol.|DNA and Cell Biology]]|publisher=Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.|volume=2|issue=2|pages=97&ndash;8|doi=10.1089/dna.1983.2.97|issn=0198-0238|pmid=6347589|subscription=yes}}</ref> Dayhoff was a professor at [[Georgetown University Medical Center]] and a noted research biochemist at the [[National Biomedical Research Foundation]] (NBRF) where she pioneered the application of mathematics and computational methods to the field of biochemistry.  She dedicated her career to applying the evolving computational technologies to support advances in biology and medicine, most notably the creation of protein and nucleic acid databases and tools to interrogate the databases.  Her PhD degree was from [[Columbia University]] in the Department of Chemistry, where she devised computational methods to calculate [[molecular resonance]] energies of several organic compounds.  She did postdoctoral studies at the Rockefeller Institute (now [[Rockefeller University]]) and the [[University of Maryland]], and joined the newly established National Biomedical Research Foundation in 1959. She was the first woman to hold office in the [[Biophysical Society]] and the first person to serve as both Secretary and eventually President.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|date = 1984-07-01|title = Margaret Oakley Dayhoff 1925–1983|url = http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02459497|journal = Bulletin of Mathematical Biology|language = en|volume = 46|issue = 4|pages = 467–472|doi = 10.1007/BF02459497|issn = 0092-8240}}</ref> She originated one of the first [[substitution matrix|substitution matrices]], [[Point accepted mutation]]s (''PAM''). The [[Proteinogenic amino acid|one-letter code]] used for amino acids was developed by her, reflecting an attempt to reduce the size of the data files used to describe amino acid sequences in an era of punch-card computing.<eod>