Electromechanical hysteresis, converse piezoelectric effect and reversible characteristics of the piezoelectric materials of different degree of ferrosiffness
The electromechanical hysteresis was studied and the longitudinal strains Ј3, converse piezoelectric coefficients d33 and reversible dielectric permittivities were measured for the materials with the different mobility of the domain boundaries (ferrostiffness). Based on the data obtained, the following characteristic values of the electric field strengths were estabilished: 3,5-5 kV/cm (for ferrosoft ceramics), 6-8 kV/cm (for the materials of medium ferrostiffness) and -14-15 kV/cm (for ferrostiff materials). Domain structure rearrangements were occurs at these electic field strengths. The formation of d33 maximum in ferrostiff materials at E ~6 kV/cm is attributed to the motion of interface boundaries. A remark on the applicability of the data obtained for designing the devices using the converse piezoelectric effect is made.