EPIDEMIOLOGICAL, CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CERVICAL CANCER IN THE REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA FOR 2018-2020
Background. Malignant neoplasms of the reproductive system occupy the largest share in the structure of cancer incidence in women. Cervical cancer (CC) ranks 5th place among all oncopathology. The purpose of the research was to study the epidemiological and clinical and morphological features of cervical cancer and precancerous changes in this localization in the Republic of Mordovia for 2018-2020 and to compare these indicators with statistical and literature data. Materials and methods. Analysis case histories, results of histological operational and biopsy studies of women who first applied to the Republican Oncological Dispensary with a diagnosis of cervical cancer in 2018-2020. Results. During the study period with a clinical diagnosis of cervical cancer, 392 women were examined, of whom the diagnosis was confirmed in 167 patients, in 70 cases CIN of varying degrees was detected, and in the remaining cases reactive and non-tumor changes were found. The average age of patients with cervical cancer was 49.9 years, which is somewhat younger than the average age of patients in Russia (52.6 years). It is noted that the highest rates of dysplasia detection are observed in the age group 40-49 years old (34.9%). During the study period in the department of cervical cancer and its complications, no lethal outcomes were recorded. This is due to the achievement of high survival rates due to the diagnosis of this neoplasm in the early stages and effective treatment of precancerous neoplasms. Conclusions. During the study period in the Republic of Mordovia, there is a positive trend in the identification of patients with cervical cancer at early stage (Tis and T1), which is accompanied by more effective treatment, increased survival and reduced mortality. The most commonly diagnosed histological type of tumor is non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma.