DEVELOPMENT OF MEASURES FOR IMPROVING THE WORKING CONDITIONS OF TUNNEL WORK
In most major cities, the main mode of public transport is the metro. In this regard, the volume of its construction is increasing, as well as the number of tunnel workers, and therefore the problem of optimizing their working conditions is becoming more and more important. The main professional group of builders of the subway is tunnel workers. The construction of tunnels and subways is one of the most complex types of construction production. The technology of tunneling works depending on the hydrogeological features and features of the city. Sinking can be carried out in two ways, an open way with the involvement of various modern technology and a closed way, in which the degree of mechanization is much lower. More perfect way of underground tunnel excavation is a shield method with the use of mining complexes. In addition to the maintenance of the shield heading team is busy by laying the wall rings of the tunnel, Plenum composite solution for the supplied rings, build paths and other technological operations. In almost all types of sinking, the sinker is affected by a complex of adverse factors of working conditions, such as noise, vibration, dust, toxic substances in the air, poor microclimate, poor lighting of workplaces and a number of other factors. To consolidate the soil in the construction of tunnels using shield method of penetration prepare composite solutions, which consist of cement, ash and bentonite. When preparing a composite solution, there is a strong dusting of the work space as a result of which the particles enter the respiratory system of workers, causing diseases of the upper respiratory tract, leading to occupational diseases of the lungs. The article proposes a new method for preparing a composite solution, which was previously prepared with dry stirring a mixture of cement, ash and bentonite. When loading components in the form of a dry mixture, the dust content in the work space is reduced. In addition, the article provides an analysis of the impact of a set of adverse factors on the health of the sinkers. The assessment was carried out in terms of their immunological status in the study of morbidity with temporary disability. Keywords: working Conditions, tunnel workers, adverse factors, composite solutions, dustiness, morbidity with temporary disability.