STRAWBERRY BREEDING FEATURES IN THE CRYOLITHOZONE CONDITIONS
The paper considers the issue on interspecific hybridization in the genus Fragaria L. under the conditions of Yakutia. The parent forms used are not sufficiently studied species of eastern strawberry - FragariaorientalisLos., formed under conditions of severe natural selection and having a high ecological adaptability to local natural and climatic conditions. High frost resistance, immunity, productivity, unpretentiousness, excellent taste and aroma of fruits of a species of interest for breeding under extreme conditions have been revealed. The goal is to create local varieties of strawberries that are compatible with a high level of productivity and quality indicators with adaptability to a complex of biotic and abiotic environmental factors. The result of interspecific hybridization of strawberries was the creation of varieties with a complex of economically valuable traits: Sadovo-Spasskaya, Bersenevskaya, VladykaZosima. The high stability and productivity of the variety Sadovo-Spasskaya was noted. Early ripening, high winter hardiness and high taste are characteristic of the Bersenevskaya variety. The Vladyka Zosima variety is distinguished by an early ripening period, high productivity in the year of planting, and a long fruiting period. The result of research from 1999 to 2020 was the creation of a variety of seedlings with different types and periods of fruiting, yield and weight of fruits, varied in shape and taste, tendril generating and tendrilless, with high resistance to cold.