oIRa5Ca9uJu-00000-00000000-00000200 I’ll have some history.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00000-00000193-00000828 [music]
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00001-00001002-00001229 Access to, and participation in,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00002-00001230-00001592 relevant and appropriate adult education and learning opportunities 
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00003-00001634-00001983 is fundamental to personal, economic and societal development.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00004-00002022-00002359 In reality, however, participation rates in adult education
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00005-00002360-00002655 and learning opportunities in many countries are low,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00006-00002656-00003019 and there are very significant inequalities of access and participation
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00007-00003020-00003295 both within  and between nations.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00008-00003297-00003585 Low rates of participation and inequitable access
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00009-00003586-00003933 therefore remain key challenges for adult education today.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00010-00003934-00004337 This video will explore global adult learning participation trends.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00011-00004339-00004713 During this video, please reflect on the following Analysis Questions.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00012-00004783-00005048 What are the adult learning participation trends globally
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00013-00005049-00005506 including participation in formal, informal and non-formal learning?
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00014-00005507-00005813 How do the global trends compare to the trends in Canada?
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00015-00005865-00006144 What is the distribution of adult learning across the globe?
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00016-00006145-00006336 And where are there inequalities or differences
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00017-00006338-00006575 in adult learning participation globally?
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00018-00006577-00006857 The information received from UNESCO's National Reports
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00019-00006859-00007052 and Regional Synthesis Reports
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00020-00007053-00007284 on the issues of participation and equity
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00021-00007285-00007534 has revealed that in general,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00022-00007535-00007769 formal adult education participation rates
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00023-00007770-00007920 are positively correlated
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00024-00007921-00008154 with a country's level of economic development
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00025-00008156-00008490 as measured by per capita GDP.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00026-00008491-00008751 On average, they found that the more prosperous the country,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00027-00008753-00009009 the higher the adult learning participation rate.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00028-00009060-00009388 Additional factors that impact  participation rates include – 
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00029-00009390-00009778 The degree to which public policies are supportive of adult education.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00030-00009828-00010069 The extent to which governance and provision structures
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00031-00010070-00010287 foster and promote adult participation
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00032-00010288-00010519 in education and learning opportunities at work.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00033-00010559-00010959 How much communities attach social value to adult learning and education.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00034-00010960-00011251 And the level of political commitment to diverse learning cultures
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00035-00011252-00011610 and regard for learning as a means to improve social cohesion.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00036-00011651-00011926 Within countries levels of participation also vary
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00037-00011927-00012332 according to socio-economic, demographic and regional factors.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00038-00012333-00012580 The statistics show lower participation rates
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00039-00012582-00012823 for older workers and senior citizens,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00040-00012824-00013142 adults with low levels of education and low levels of skills,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00041-00013143-00013497 those working in low-skill jobs and the unemployed,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00042-00013498-00013715 those from poorer  socioeconomic backgrounds,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00043-00013716-00014031 immigrants, migrants and ethnic minorities.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00044-00014033-00014313 These patterns are consistent across countries,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00045-00014314-00014582 but the extent of the disparities between such social groups
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00046-00014583-00014781 varies from country to country.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00047-00014782-00014991 According to a report by the OECD,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00048-00014992-00015319 which includes 34 member countries that span the globe,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00049-00015320-00015616 in all countries, on average only eight percent of adults
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00050-00015617-00015850 participated in formal education.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00051-00015851-00016033 Countries with the larger number of adults
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00052-00016034-00016244 enrolled in formal education institutions
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00053-00016245-00016503 include Australia, Belgium, New Zealand,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00054-00016504-00016750 Sweden  and the United Kingdom.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00055-00016751-00017062 On average, half of the participants in formal adult education
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00056-00017063-00017343 also participate in non-formal education,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00057-00017344-00017532 an indication that these individuals
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00058-00017533-00017800 take advantage of a variety of learning opportunities.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00059-00017877-00018085 The same report showed that on average,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00060-00018086-00018377 thirteen percent of individuals with a tertiary education
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00061-00018379-00018634 are enrolled in formal adult education
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00062-00018635-00018842 compared with three percent of individuals
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00063-00018843-00019011 with low levels of education.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00064-00019067-00019397 Younger adults were much more likely to attend formal studies,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00065-00019398-00019821 for example, 17 percent of 25 to 34 year olds
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00066-00019847-00020013 that are older adults,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00067-00020014-00020337 only two percent of 55 to 64 year-olds.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00068-00020339-00020712 The OECD report also found that engagement in passive modes
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00069-00020714-00021028 of informal learning, such as learning by oneself,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00070-00021029-00021247 trying things out and learning by watching
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00071-00021248-00021680 or getting help was almost a universal activity across all countries. 
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00072-00021721-00021977 Engagement in active modes of informal learning
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00073-00021979-00022173 such as going on guided tours
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00074-00022174-00022423 and learning by being sent to organizations,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00075-00022425-00022714 although frequent, was more unequally distributed
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00076-00022715-00023031 both within and between country populations.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00077-00023033-00023313 In particular, levels of formal education and skills
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00078-00023314-00023591 were strongly related to the extent of active engagement
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00079-00023592-00023768 in informal learning.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00080-00023769-00024089 These findings suggest that inequalities are more prevalent
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00081-00024090-00024375 when active forms of informal learning are considered.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00082-00024427-00024735 The 2003 Adult Literacy and Life skills Survey
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00083-00024736-00025013 also found that 95 percent of the population
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00084-00025014-00025242 in five of six countries reported,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00085-00025243-00025538 they were engaged in some kind of informal learning activity
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00086-00025539-00025708 over the cycle of one year.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00087-00025709-00025898 Also according to the OECD,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00088-00025900-00026154 adults with higher levels of educational attainment
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00089-00026156-00026452 are more likely to participate in non-formal education
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00090-00026453-00026761 than adults with lower levels of attainment.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00091-00026762-00027041 They can also expect to receive more hours of instruction
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00092-00027042-00027341 in non-formal education during their work lives.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00093-00027342-00027558 On average in OECD countries,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00094-00027559-00027771 individuals with a tertiary education
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00095-00027772-00028020 will receive three times as many hours of instruction
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00096-00028022-00028420 in non-formal education as those with low levels of education.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00097-00028505-00028683 Also in OECD countries,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00098-00028684-00029010 almost 75 percent  of the expected instruction hours
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00099-00029011-00029310 will be in job-related non-formal education.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00100-00029311-00029661 On average across the OECD, men can expect to receive
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00101-00029663-00029873 about ten percent more instruction hours
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00102-00029875-00030296 in job-related non-formal education over their working lives than women.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00103-00030350-00030671 Finally, according to the OECD, Canada ranks seventh
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00104-00030672-00030824 among twenty-one countries
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00105-00030825-00031194 when it comes to participation in non-formal job-related education,
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00106-00031195-00031561 behind the United States, the United Kingdom and Switzerland.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00107-00031563-00031879 Please reflect  on the following Synthesis Questions.
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00108-00031880-00032219 How would you explain the global adult learning participation trends
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00109-00032220-00032645 including participation in formal, informal and non-formal learning?
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00110-00032687-00033074 How would you describe the distribution of adult learning a- across the globe?
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00111-00033143-00033365 How could we address the inequalities or differences
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00112-00033366-00033590 in adult learning participation globally?
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00113-00033591-00033914 How do the global trends compare to the trends in Canada?
oLwiUV7-1cQ-00114-00034076-00034426 [music]
oORqelJEMpQ-00000-00000000-00000573 I hope that you, your families, your loved ones and colleagues are all in good
oORqelJEMpQ-00001-00000573-00000999 health. Most probably like you, I'm currently working in a state of
oORqelJEMpQ-00002-00000999-00001557 confinement. This period of isolation however is making me realise that our
oORqelJEMpQ-00003-00001557-00002091 human rights are more connected than ever. The COVID-19 global pandemic is
oORqelJEMpQ-00004-00002091-00002598 showing that the human rights of all people are deeply interconnected. It's
oORqelJEMpQ-00005-00002598-00003030 demonstrating the importance of acts of solidarity, powerful expressions of our
oORqelJEMpQ-00006-00003030-00003582 shared humanity and essential to protect the human rights of all. The crisis is
oORqelJEMpQ-00007-00003582-00003998 reaffirming the need for multilateralism and an international order based on
oORqelJEMpQ-00008-00003998-00004584 respect for human rights and the rule of law. No single country can combat this
oORqelJEMpQ-00009-00004584-00005112 virus alone, but any single country acting unilaterally and without due
oORqelJEMpQ-00010-00005112-00005696 respect for human rights can hasten and worsen its impact. Finally, the current
oORqelJEMpQ-00011-00005696-00006185 crisis is highlighting the indispensable work of human rights defenders and its
oORqelJEMpQ-00012-00006185-00006717 continued relevance, from journalists and whistleblowers exposing the virus to
oORqelJEMpQ-00013-00006717-00007065 doctors and healthcare professionals working on the frontlines to save lives
oORqelJEMpQ-00014-00007065-00007479 to human rights lawyers and advocates working to ensure that government
oORqelJEMpQ-00015-00007479-00007968 responses are reasonable, necessary, proportionate and adequately protect
oORqelJEMpQ-00016-00007968-00008484 those who are most vulnerable. Reading ISHR's report, I
oORqelJEMpQ-00017-00008484-00009015 hope you'll see that ISHR itself has also never been more important nor more
oORqelJEMpQ-00018-00009015-00009438 relevant. We will be standing with human rights defenders throughout these tough
oORqelJEMpQ-00019-00009438-00009785 times, and well beyond.
oPhNZrWlO5c-00000-00000169-00000869 Welcome I'll now show you how I teach the kids ArtRage
oPhNZrWlO5c-00001-00001019-00002200 I press New Painting, ignoring the other setup options and then press Done
oPhNZrWlO5c-00002-00002220-00002500 Now we enter the main user face
oPhNZrWlO5c-00003-00002600-00004800 Firstly I'll show the kids the different tools The oil painting  is the first and as in real life it mixes
oPhNZrWlO5c-00004-00005000-00005900 Secondly there's the water color It also mixes
oPhNZrWlO5c-00005-00014526-00015226 Then there's the airbrush The  kids call it graffiti
oPhNZrWlO5c-00006-00018429-00019129 Now I'll show you  the spatulas It can be used for smearing and mixing oil
oPhNZrWlO5c-00007-00021312-00022012 paint Then there's the paint roller
oPhNZrWlO5c-00008-00022585-00023285 The tube of oil paint Let's just make some nice dots
oPhNZrWlO5c-00009-00023967-00024667 Use the spatulas And mess it up
oPhNZrWlO5c-00010-00026594-00027294 You can also use the oil painting brush How's the time where I usually ask the kids;
oPhNZrWlO5c-00011-00028604-00029304 what's this? And I haven't met at kid that didn't reply
oPhNZrWlO5c-00012-00030032-00030732 'a pencil' A very thin pencil
oPhNZrWlO5c-00013-00033728-00034310 Then we arrive at marker no 1 It's very solid
oPhNZrWlO5c-00014-00034310-00035010 Marker no 2 A crayon
oPhNZrWlO5c-00015-00035215-00035915 Chalk And yet again I ask the kids; what's this?
oPhNZrWlO5c-00016-00036956-00037656 And of course  the answer an eraser Lots of kids are very impressed by the fact
oPhNZrWlO5c-00017-00039034-00039734 that you  can erase oil painting But that's one of the great things about working
oPhNZrWlO5c-00018-00042439-00043139 on the iPad and not in real life Last, but not least, the bucket
oPhNZrWlO5c-00019-00046305-00047005 The kids use this mainly to fill the canvas But one of the things they need to learn is
oPhNZrWlO5c-00020-00053553-00054253 that it also filles whole surfaces If we chose the yellow paint dot in the left
oPhNZrWlO5c-00021-00056598-00057298 corner and
oPhNZrWlO5c-00022-00058414-00059114 press using the bucket tool, it files it up The clever thing is that as long as you have
oPhNZrWlO5c-00023-00062049-00062749 a closed circuit og shape, a whole square og triangle you're able to change th color
oPhNZrWlO5c-00024-00064045-00064745 with the bucket Okay
oPhNZrWlO5c-00025-00065008-00065708 I'll choose Layers and delete it all In the
oPhNZrWlO5c-00026-00068002-00068444 color wheel your can find any color in the universe.
oPhNZrWlO5c-00027-00068444-00069144 At least, that's what I tell the  kids You righter press using your finger or press
oPhNZrWlO5c-00028-00073599-00074299 and slide until you find apron the color you want
oPhNZrWlO5c-00029-00084097-00084797 I'd like to find a beautiful light green There it was, good
oPhNZrWlO5c-00030-00086658-00087358 Okay
oPhNZrWlO5c-00031-00088032-00088732 And now I'll
oPhNZrWlO5c-00032-00090381-00091081 like a yellow flower
oPtqGaIUw_M-00000-00000006-00000368 In early college classes,
oPtqGaIUw_M-00001-00000368-00000825 Joe typically relied on the internet, most often google, to fill every
oPtqGaIUw_M-00002-00000825-00001266 information need. He knew there were other search systems out there including
oPtqGaIUw_M-00003-00001266-00001766 databases at the library, but it always seemed the easiest to just rely on the
oPtqGaIUw_M-00004-00001766-00002307 one. That is, until he began to realize the purpose behind each system and the
oPtqGaIUw_M-00005-00002307-00002874 differences in what each system provides. Google, Joe's old standby, is obviously
oPtqGaIUw_M-00006-00002874-00003026 useful for research.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00007-00003026-00003513 When he has a specific information need like what internship opportunities are
oPtqGaIUw_M-00008-00003513-00004061 currently available, or how is the local news reacting to a recent event. The web
oPtqGaIUw_M-00009-00004061-00004515 connects into a vast network of information resources.The local chapter
oPtqGaIUw_M-00010-00004515-00005115 of PRSA, linkedin, news websites, local governments, and even community
oPtqGaIUw_M-00011-00005115-00005526 information from the Census Bureau are just a few examples of publicly
oPtqGaIUw_M-00012-00005526-00005964 available information found on the web that will be invaluable to students
oPtqGaIUw_M-00013-00005964-00006147 studying public relations.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00014-00006147-00006632 However, if Joe is looking for research studies to support his ideas,
oPtqGaIUw_M-00015-00006632-00007145 Google doesn't always provide access to the type of information needs. Scholarly
oPtqGaIUw_M-00016-00007145-00007673 peer-reviewed journal articles,for example. He does like google scholar; a
oPtqGaIUw_M-00017-00007673-00008090 search system that pulls the academic sources out of his general web search.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00018-00008090-00008628 While you can connect to google scholar via google, Joe learned to connect to
oPtqGaIUw_M-00019-00008628-00008708 google scholar
oPtqGaIUw_M-00020-00008708-00009128 from the Steely Library homepage. When he did research from home,
oPtqGaIUw_M-00021-00009128-00009581 this provided him with access to more full text articles, because he was also
oPtqGaIUw_M-00022-00009581-00010157 connected to material the library subscribe to. Joe found one drawback to
oPtqGaIUw_M-00023-00010157-00010571 the web was that search engines like Google provide less control over
oPtqGaIUw_M-00024-00010571-00010733 focusing results.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00025-00010733-00011195 It makes sense; the vast amount of information means you will retrieve a
oPtqGaIUw_M-00026-00011195-00011384 vast amount of information.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00027-00011384-00011771 Aside from google, there are a lot of other search systems available
oPtqGaIUw_M-00028-00011771-00012185 especially to individuals affiliated with the university.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00029-00012185-00012770 For example, as NKU students, you have access to many research databases.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00030-00012770-00013103 Joe stumbled on the library search box on the homepage.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00031-00013181-00013706 He liked this; it searched many of the library databases at one time including
oPtqGaIUw_M-00032-00013706-00013928 the library's books and media collection.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00033-00013928-00014507 In addition, he could focus his search to include only articles, and here he might
oPtqGaIUw_M-00034-00014507-00014807 find some sources beyond the communication perspective,
oPtqGaIUw_M-00035-00014863-00015391 such as business that provides additional insight to some topics. With
oPtqGaIUw_M-00036-00015391-00015830 that said, Joe found this system frustrating at times. It does offer
oPtqGaIUw_M-00037-00015830-00016379 advanced options to focus and narrow the  search, but like google, it retrieves many
oPtqGaIUw_M-00038-00016379-00016916 results simply because it's searching so many resources at one time, including resources at
oPtqGaIUw_M-00039-00016979-00017656 Steely Library. Now Joe knows that he needs research articles primarily
oPtqGaIUw_M-00040-00017656-00017984 from communication and public relations journals.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00041-00017984-00018526 He's learned to turn to a database focused specifically on these subject areas. One of
oPtqGaIUw_M-00042-00018526-00018934 the most relevant to his field is the database called "Communication and Mass Media Complete".
oPtqGaIUw_M-00043-00018934-00019498 This resource provides access to articles for more than 450 journals.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00044-00019625-00020098 Joe also learned about databases at the library that provide access to news,
oPtqGaIUw_M-00045-00020098-00020306 access to world news,
oPtqGaIUw_M-00046-00020306-00020984 lexisnexis, and even a link to cincinnati enquirer are just a few examples all the
oPtqGaIUw_M-00047-00020984-00021272 resources have the capability to provide Joe with
oPtqGaIUw_M-00048-00021272-00021748 quality information, but it depends on the type of information you need in the
oPtqGaIUw_M-00049-00021748-00022190 context of this research. Free high-quality scholarly journal articles
oPtqGaIUw_M-00050-00022190-00022709 may be difficult to find or access on google and will be easier to search for
oPtqGaIUw_M-00051-00022709-00023026 using a database like communication and mass media.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00052-00023026-00023579 However, that same database will be very useful if you are looking for statistics
oPtqGaIUw_M-00053-00023579-00024004 regarding the employment of public relations majors. That information will
oPtqGaIUw_M-00054-00024004-00024329 be much easier to find on the web using google.
oPtqGaIUw_M-00055-00024381-00024942 In summary, Joe has learned not to rely on one system to search. Instead, he needs
oPtqGaIUw_M-00056-00024942-00025227 to think about the type of information he needs
oPtqGaIUw_M-00057-00025227-00025623 before starting a search and pick the system that will work best.
oRkXgL1huKA-00000-00000010-00000063 INCLUDING RUNNY NOSE, COUGH,
oRkXgL1huKA-00001-00000063-00000070 INCLUDING RUNNY NOSE, COUGH,  
oRkXgL1huKA-00002-00000070-00000220 INCLUDING RUNNY NOSE, COUGH, SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND FEVER.
oRkXgL1huKA-00003-00000220-00000226 INCLUDING RUNNY NOSE, COUGH, SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND FEVER.  
oRkXgL1huKA-00004-00000226-00000370 INCLUDING RUNNY NOSE, COUGH, SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND FEVER. >>> NORTHWEST TECHNICAL COLLEGE
oRkXgL1huKA-00005-00000370-00000377 SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND FEVER. >>> NORTHWEST TECHNICAL COLLEGE  
oRkXgL1huKA-00006-00000377-00000573 SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND FEVER. >>> NORTHWEST TECHNICAL COLLEGE IN BEMIDJI HIGHLIGHTS ITS
oRkXgL1huKA-00007-00000573-00000580 >>> NORTHWEST TECHNICAL COLLEGE IN BEMIDJI HIGHLIGHTS ITS  
oRkXgL1huKA-00008-00000580-00000724 >>> NORTHWEST TECHNICAL COLLEGE IN BEMIDJI HIGHLIGHTS ITS PROGRAM THAT COVERS BASIC TASKS
oRkXgL1huKA-00009-00000724-00000730 IN BEMIDJI HIGHLIGHTS ITS PROGRAM THAT COVERS BASIC TASKS  
oRkXgL1huKA-00010-00000730-00000894 IN BEMIDJI HIGHLIGHTS ITS PROGRAM THAT COVERS BASIC TASKS FOR REPAIRING VEHICLES DURING
oRkXgL1huKA-00011-00000894-00000900 PROGRAM THAT COVERS BASIC TASKS FOR REPAIRING VEHICLES DURING  
oRkXgL1huKA-00012-00000900-00001024 PROGRAM THAT COVERS BASIC TASKS FOR REPAIRING VEHICLES DURING ITS AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE AND
oRkXgL1huKA-00013-00001024-00001031 FOR REPAIRING VEHICLES DURING ITS AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE AND  
oRkXgL1huKA-00014-00001031-00001201 FOR REPAIRING VEHICLES DURING ITS AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE AND PERFORMANCE DAY.
oRkXgL1huKA-00015-00001201-00001207 ITS AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE AND PERFORMANCE DAY.  
oRkXgL1huKA-00016-00001207-00001364 ITS AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE AND PERFORMANCE DAY. PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS MET WITH
oRkXgL1huKA-00017-00001364-00001371 PERFORMANCE DAY. PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS MET WITH  
oRkXgL1huKA-00018-00001371-00001514 PERFORMANCE DAY. PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS MET WITH FACULTY AND STAFF AND TOURED THE
oRkXgL1huKA-00019-00001514-00001521 PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS MET WITH FACULTY AND STAFF AND TOURED THE  
oRkXgL1huKA-00020-00001521-00001654 PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS MET WITH FACULTY AND STAFF AND TOURED THE FACILITIES.
oRkXgL1huKA-00021-00001654-00001661 FACULTY AND STAFF AND TOURED THE FACILITIES.  
oRkXgL1huKA-00022-00001661-00001848 FACULTY AND STAFF AND TOURED THE FACILITIES. STUDENTS GAIN EXPERIENCE IN
oRkXgL1huKA-00023-00001848-00001855 FACILITIES. STUDENTS GAIN EXPERIENCE IN  
oRkXgL1huKA-00024-00001855-00002005 FACILITIES. STUDENTS GAIN EXPERIENCE IN FORCED LABOR INDUCTION SYSTEMS
oRkXgL1huKA-00025-00002005-00002012 STUDENTS GAIN EXPERIENCE IN FORCED LABOR INDUCTION SYSTEMS  
oRkXgL1huKA-00026-00002012-00002142 STUDENTS GAIN EXPERIENCE IN FORCED LABOR INDUCTION SYSTEMS AND ENGINE MANAGEMENT.
oRkXgL1huKA-00027-00002142-00002148 FORCED LABOR INDUCTION SYSTEMS AND ENGINE MANAGEMENT.  
oRkXgL1huKA-00028-00002148-00002268 FORCED LABOR INDUCTION SYSTEMS AND ENGINE MANAGEMENT. THEY'RE ALSO ALLOWED TO WORK ON
oRkXgL1huKA-00029-00002268-00002275 AND ENGINE MANAGEMENT. THEY'RE ALSO ALLOWED TO WORK ON  
oRkXgL1huKA-00030-00002275-00002422 AND ENGINE MANAGEMENT. THEY'RE ALSO ALLOWED TO WORK ON THEIR OWN VEHICLES AS LONG AS
oRkXgL1huKA-00031-00002422-00002429 THEY'RE ALSO ALLOWED TO WORK ON THEIR OWN VEHICLES AS LONG AS  
oRkXgL1huKA-00032-00002429-00002632 THEY'RE ALSO ALLOWED TO WORK ON THEIR OWN VEHICLES AS LONG AS THEY RELATE TO THE TASKS TAUGHT
oRkXgL1huKA-00033-00002632-00002639 THEIR OWN VEHICLES AS LONG AS THEY RELATE TO THE TASKS TAUGHT  
oRkXgL1huKA-00034-00002639-00002756 THEIR OWN VEHICLES AS LONG AS THEY RELATE TO THE TASKS TAUGHT IN THE CLASSROOM OR A VEHICLE IS
oRkXgL1huKA-00035-00002756-00002762 THEY RELATE TO THE TASKS TAUGHT IN THE CLASSROOM OR A VEHICLE IS  
oRkXgL1huKA-00036-00002762-00002896 THEY RELATE TO THE TASKS TAUGHT IN THE CLASSROOM OR A VEHICLE IS PROVIDED FOR THEM.
oRkXgL1huKA-00037-00002896-00002902 IN THE CLASSROOM OR A VEHICLE IS PROVIDED FOR THEM.  
oRkXgL1huKA-00038-00002902-00003076 IN THE CLASSROOM OR A VEHICLE IS PROVIDED FOR THEM. THIS INDUSTRY HAS SEVERAL JOB
oRkXgL1huKA-00039-00003076-00003083 PROVIDED FOR THEM. THIS INDUSTRY HAS SEVERAL JOB  
oRkXgL1huKA-00040-00003083-00003159 PROVIDED FOR THEM. THIS INDUSTRY HAS SEVERAL JOB OPPORTUNITIES SUCH AS A
oRkXgL1huKA-00041-00003159-00003166 THIS INDUSTRY HAS SEVERAL JOB OPPORTUNITIES SUCH AS A  
oRkXgL1huKA-00042-00003166-00003533 THIS INDUSTRY HAS SEVERAL JOB OPPORTUNITIES SUCH AS A MECHANIC.
oRkXgL1huKA-00043-00003533-00003540 OPPORTUNITIES SUCH AS A MECHANIC.  
oRkXgL1huKA-00044-00003540-00003790 OPPORTUNITIES SUCH AS A MECHANIC. >> WITH OUR VEHICLES OUT ON THE
oRkXgL1huKA-00045-00003790-00003797 MECHANIC. >> WITH OUR VEHICLES OUT ON THE  
oRkXgL1huKA-00046-00003797-00004057 MECHANIC. >> WITH OUR VEHICLES OUT ON THE ROAD ACTUALLY AGING, WE SEE OUR
oRkXgL1huKA-00047-00004057-00004064 >> WITH OUR VEHICLES OUT ON THE ROAD ACTUALLY AGING, WE SEE OUR  
oRkXgL1huKA-00048-00004064-00004324 >> WITH OUR VEHICLES OUT ON THE ROAD ACTUALLY AGING, WE SEE OUR AVERAGE AGES OF VEHICLES AROUND
oRkXgL1huKA-00049-00004324-00004330 ROAD ACTUALLY AGING, WE SEE OUR AVERAGE AGES OF VEHICLES AROUND  
oRkXgL1huKA-00050-00004330-00004627 ROAD ACTUALLY AGING, WE SEE OUR AVERAGE AGES OF VEHICLES AROUND 11.4 YEARS OLD NOW, WHICH IS THE
oRkXgL1huKA-00051-00004627-00004634 AVERAGE AGES OF VEHICLES AROUND 11.4 YEARS OLD NOW, WHICH IS THE  
oRkXgL1huKA-00052-00004634-00004701 AVERAGE AGES OF VEHICLES AROUND 11.4 YEARS OLD NOW, WHICH IS THE HIGHEST EVER.
oRkXgL1huKA-00053-00004701-00004708 11.4 YEARS OLD NOW, WHICH IS THE HIGHEST EVER.  
oRkXgL1huKA-00054-00004708-00004931 11.4 YEARS OLD NOW, WHICH IS THE HIGHEST EVER. IT'S GOING TO PROVIDE A HIGHER
oRkXgL1huKA-00055-00004931-00004938 HIGHEST EVER. IT'S GOING TO PROVIDE A HIGHER  
oRkXgL1huKA-00056-00004938-00005148 HIGHEST EVER. IT'S GOING TO PROVIDE A HIGHER DEMAND FOR TECHNICIANS.
oRkXgL1huKA-00057-00005148-00005155 IT'S GOING TO PROVIDE A HIGHER DEMAND FOR TECHNICIANS.  
oRkXgL1huKA-00058-00005155-00005475 IT'S GOING TO PROVIDE A HIGHER DEMAND FOR TECHNICIANS. >>Dennis:  IT'S A FOUR SEMESTER
oRkXgL1huKA-00059-00005475-00005482 DEMAND FOR TECHNICIANS. >>Dennis:  IT'S A FOUR SEMESTER  
oRkXgL1huKA-00060-00005482-00005535 DEMAND FOR TECHNICIANS. >>Dennis:  IT'S A FOUR SEMESTER PROGRAM FOR STUDENTS TO COMPLETE
oUsrX_zmNEk-00000-00000008-00000354 In this video we're going to look at installing some of the graphics and the sound
oUsrX_zmNEk-00001-00000354-00000717 software we're gonna run for game dev on Raspberry Pi. So in the add/remove
oUsrX_zmNEk-00002-00000717-00001203 software application we can type in the names of packages we want to install or
oUsrX_zmNEk-00003-00001203-00001587 just search for them but we are going to start with Audacity which is a basic
oUsrX_zmNEk-00004-00001587-00001994 program for sound editing which... I think I mentioned most of these already in
oUsrX_zmNEk-00005-00001994-00002334 a previous video. GIMP is a kind of Photoshop replacement
oUsrX_zmNEk-00006-00002334-00002793 image editing package. And for most of these we're also adding in some data
oUsrX_zmNEk-00007-00002793-00003185 files and some of the extras that are available, but we can look through and
oUsrX_zmNEk-00008-00003185-00003596 look at the descriptions of all of the programs and decide whether or not this
oUsrX_zmNEk-00009-00003596-00004130 is going to be something else we want. Inkscape is a vector graphics program. So
oUsrX_zmNEk-00010-00004130-00004580 that's also very useful a different style of graphics from the bitmap
oUsrX_zmNEk-00011-00004580-00005114 graphics of Photoshop for example and Blender is our main 3d modeling package.
oUsrX_zmNEk-00012-00005114-00005648 And we're installing that and it's data package and I had a wee check to see if I
oUsrX_zmNEk-00013-00005648-00006021 wanted anything else. We can always go back and install these other options
oUsrX_zmNEk-00014-00006021-00006609 later if there is anything else we want. That will do for now. Then I have to type
oUsrX_zmNEk-00015-00006609-00006978 in my password. To allow the software install process to
oUsrX_zmNEk-00016-00006978-00007509 go ahead, and this bit does take a little while so this is your good option to go
oUsrX_zmNEk-00017-00007509-00007917 away and make a cup of tea or a cup of coffee, get a quick snack and come back
oUsrX_zmNEk-00018-00007917-00008417 after it's spent it's time installing all of that.
oUsrX_zmNEk-00019-00008617-00009091 Eventually it does complete and we can check the program menu and we can see
oUsrX_zmNEk-00020-00009091-00009490 all of the programs that we've added have been into the program menu
oUsrX_zmNEk-00021-00009490-00009979 appropriate category along with ImageMagick, a bitmap graphics conversion
oUsrX_zmNEk-00022-00009979-00010476 utility, and our programs are there and we can explore them later.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00000-00000055-00000473 This is Peace. She owns a restaurant in South Africa.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00001-00000473-00000796 For frying she needs a lot of vegetable oil -
oWqv5CN11Ko-00002-00000796-00001140 which Peace uses only twice, because the consumption of
oWqv5CN11Ko-00003-00001146-00001561 overused oil has been linked to liver damage, depression and cancer.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00004-00001561-00001800 So what should be done with the leftover oil? 
oWqv5CN11Ko-00005-00002000-00002510 Throwing it into the toilet is no solution!
oWqv5CN11Ko-00006-00002560-00003014 Just one liter of oil could cause a blockage of the sewage system,
oWqv5CN11Ko-00007-00003014-00003429 which can result in sewage polluting the drinking water.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00008-00003429-00003950 This would cause many people to become sick or worse.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00009-00003950-00004242 Is there no way to recycle the oil?
oWqv5CN11Ko-00010-00004340-00004550 Yes, there is!
oWqv5CN11Ko-00011-00004550-00004887 The used plant oil gets rancid or spoiled
oWqv5CN11Ko-00012-00004887-00005198 and shouldn't be used for meals any more.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00013-00005198-00005520 But it still has a lot of energy that could be recycled
oWqv5CN11Ko-00014-00005520-00006130 as Biodiesel, glycerol or bioparaffin.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00015-00006130-00006570 Millions of liters of used cooking oil are exported,
oWqv5CN11Ko-00016-00006570-00006951 even though many local companies have processing plants
oWqv5CN11Ko-00017-00006951-00007350 to recycle the oil as an alternative source of energy.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00018-00007450-00007709 Peace is excited! 
oWqv5CN11Ko-00019-00007709-00008029 With such low employment rates in resource-poor areas,
oWqv5CN11Ko-00020-00008029-00008460 buyback collection could be a huge driver in job creation.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00021-00008540-00008840 Buyback collectors would buy used oil from Peace
oWqv5CN11Ko-00022-00008840-00009580 and other traders and take it to local collection points. 
oWqv5CN11Ko-00023-00009580-00009928 Testing the quality is very important:
oWqv5CN11Ko-00024-00009928-00010496 No motor oil, animal fat, water or solids belong in the drum.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00025-00010496-00010858 One drop results in the loss of the entire contents.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00026-00010920-00011161 Only used vegetable oil
oWqv5CN11Ko-00027-00011161-00011671 like sunflower, palm, or soya can be recycled.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00028-00011720-00012040 Then, the collection point calls a collection company.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00029-00012040-00012389 They deliver the oil to a processing plant
oWqv5CN11Ko-00030-00012389-00012690 where it is recycled into renewable fuel. 
oWqv5CN11Ko-00031-00012720-00013510 What a success! After work Peace now drives home with her scooter running on renewable biodiesel.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00032-00013510-00013891 She washes her hands with locally produced glycerol-soap.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00033-00013891-00014260 When cooking, Peace lights the grill with firelighters
oWqv5CN11Ko-00034-00014260-00014590 manufactured at the new production site in her neighborhood.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00035-00014590-00014926 At the celebration of all the new jobs in the community
oWqv5CN11Ko-00036-00014926-00015528 they use bio-paraffin to warm the heating plates.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00037-00015528-00016190 Renewable energy from used cooking oil is a win-win situation for everyone.
oWqv5CN11Ko-00038-00016190-00016554 Do you want to reduce health risks and unemployment?
oWqv5CN11Ko-00039-00016554-00016885 Ask local institutions to become a collection point –
oWqv5CN11Ko-00040-00016885-00017241 or contact a recycling company for more information.
oYDWROBAWdI-00000-00000000-00000117 Think Tank Chapter-10 Acids bases and Salts -  Chemistry Class 10 Federal Board & Aga Khan Board
ocJcfVYLPlu-00000-00000006-00000386 Mark 9:27: "Jesus took the boy by the hand He lifted him up to his feet,
ocJcfVYLPlu-00001-00000386-00000824 and he stood up. After Jesus had gone indoors, His disciple
ocJcfVYLPlu-00002-00000824-00001466 asked Him privately, why couldn't we drive it out?" 
ocJcfVYLPlu-00003-00001466-00001856 The question everybody has, right? Why couldn't we drive it out?
ocJcfVYLPlu-00004-00001856-00002150 What was missing in our formula? You did it Jesus. You have
ocJcfVYLPlu-00005-00002150-00002450 authority. You are giving us authority. How come it didn't
ocJcfVYLPlu-00006-00002450-00002918 work? And in Mark, it says, "This kind can come out can only
ocJcfVYLPlu-00007-00002918-00003284 by prayer." I know I already quoted
ocJcfVYLPlu-00008-00003284-00003710 the other verse where it t says "by prayer and fasting," but we don't really
ocJcfVYLPlu-00009-00003710-00004082 know what he means fully, I think, by just reading it here
ocJcfVYLPlu-00010-00004082-00004418 in Mark. So, I'm going to take you to the Matthew portion.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00011-00004418-00004742 In Matthew 17:19 "Then the disciples came to Jesus..." exact
ocJcfVYLPlu-00012-00004742-00005120 same scene. They came to Jesus "privately and said, 'Why
ocJcfVYLPlu-00013-00005120-00005672 could we not cast it out? So, Jesus said to them, because of
ocJcfVYLPlu-00014-00005672-00006156 your unbelief." That's worth thinking on that one isn't it?
ocJcfVYLPlu-00015-00006156-00006450 It's a different answer. Mark 9:29 said,
ocJcfVYLPlu-00016-00006450-00006792 "This kind can only come out by prayer." But this has another level
ocJcfVYLPlu-00017-00006792-00007134 of qualifier on it that says, "because of your unbelief."
ocJcfVYLPlu-00018-00007134-00007428 So, do you see the power of that man's prayer in Mark 9:24 when he said, 
ocJcfVYLPlu-00019-00007428-00007926 "I do believe but lord, help me overcome my unbelief." Where is
ocJcfVYLPlu-00020-00007926-00008316 that stronghold that I set up? Because in
ocJcfVYLPlu-00021-00008316-00008628 2 Corinthians 10:3 we read, "The weapons of our warfare are not carnal but they
ocJcfVYLPlu-00022-00008628-00009106 are mighty through God to demolish strongholds." Don't
ocJcfVYLPlu-00023-00009106-00009478 comply yourself with this world, don't be conformed to
ocJcfVYLPlu-00024-00009478-00009874 this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your minds.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00025-00009874-00010264 Because of your unbelief. Matthew 17:20, "For assuredly,
ocJcfVYLPlu-00026-00010264-00010630 I say to you, if you have faith as a mustard seed, you will say
ocJcfVYLPlu-00027-00010630-00011062 to this mountain, move from here to there." In Trisha's
ocJcfVYLPlu-00028-00011062-00011380 life, the mountain was a poverty spirit. And there was
ocJcfVYLPlu-00029-00011380-00011650 every reason to understand how that would have gotten there
ocJcfVYLPlu-00030-00011650-00011986 based on her upbringing. To expect somebody to just read
ocJcfVYLPlu-00031-00011986-00012358 the Bible and then it all just leaves = that could happen but
ocJcfVYLPlu-00032-00012358-00012702 it doesn't always happen. Don't beat yourself up. You're in
ocJcfVYLPlu-00033-00012702-00013062 process. Everyone of us is in process. We're a work in
ocJcfVYLPlu-00034-00013062-00013488 progress and a work in process. This is a great prayer.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00035-00013488-00013830 What do I have to do Lord? How can I get more
ocJcfVYLPlu-00036-00013830-00014172 prayers answered? Well, find out the areas in your life
ocJcfVYLPlu-00037-00014172-00014406 where you have strongholds of unbelief and
ocJcfVYLPlu-00038-00014406-00014724 take the weapons from  2 Corinthians 10 and destroy
ocJcfVYLPlu-00039-00014724-00015078 those strongholds. Prayer on
ocJcfVYLPlu-00040-00015078-00015396 a Tuesday night is a good way to start. Come out.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00041-00015396-00015756 We had a good group here this past Tuesday. I hope we get another one,
ocJcfVYLPlu-00042-00015756-00016038 there is power when we pray together. That's right.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00043-00016038-00016344 Matthew 17:20 "Surely, I say to you, if you have faith as a mustard seed,
ocJcfVYLPlu-00044-00016344-00016674 you will say to this mountain, move from here to there, and it
ocJcfVYLPlu-00045-00016674-00016986 will move; and nothing will be impossible for you." Then he
ocJcfVYLPlu-00046-00016986-00017550 says, in verse 21, "However, this kind does not go out except by prayer and
ocJcfVYLPlu-00047-00017550-00018108 fasting." So, let's just take a little poll. Is it "This kind of... demon
ocJcfVYLPlu-00048-00018108-00018486 only comes out by prayer and fasting." You guys don't want to
ocJcfVYLPlu-00049-00018486-00018986 vote? What's he talking about? What doesn't come out by
ocJcfVYLPlu-00050-00018986-00019878 professing demon? This kind of demon? We have a
ocJcfVYLPlu-00051-00019878-00020214 different party down here in the front. Most people never
ocJcfVYLPlu-00052-00020214-00020508 even think beyond that. Well, of course, it must be "this kind of
ocJcfVYLPlu-00053-00020508-00020892 demon only comes out by prayer and fasting." But Cheryl gave you
ocJcfVYLPlu-00054-00020892-00021354 a little help. Crib notes, I'm going to say no, how about "What about this
ocJcfVYLPlu-00055-00021354-00021714 kind of unbelief only comes out by prayer and fasting..."
ocJcfVYLPlu-00056-00021714-00022068 We know Jesus had no unbelief. No unbelief. So
ocJcfVYLPlu-00057-00022068-00022542 that is our standard.  Faith. He went to the cross in
ocJcfVYLPlu-00058-00022542-00023090 complete faith knowing that he was going to be dead. While he
ocJcfVYLPlu-00059-00023090-00023384 was alive, he trusted his father enough to know that he
ocJcfVYLPlu-00060-00023384-00023636 was going to resurrect him from the dead. But he was really
ocJcfVYLPlu-00061-00023636-00024366 dead. Hope you're not having a bad day Dad... and you forgot."
ocJcfVYLPlu-00062-00024366-00024930 Faith. I don't know anybody who has 100% answered prayer.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00063-00024930-00025242 But I do know do you know some people who carry an amazing
ocJcfVYLPlu-00064-00025242-00025518 anointing and there are signs, wonders, and miracles
ocJcfVYLPlu-00065-00025518-00025800 following. We all want to know why it doesn't work when
ocJcfVYLPlu-00066-00025800-00026082 it doesn't work. Why we don't see the results? But we're in a
ocJcfVYLPlu-00067-00026082-00026388 war. Once sin came into the world, it changed the whole
ocJcfVYLPlu-00068-00026388-00026712 formula. So, don't attribute to God if somebody doesn't get
ocJcfVYLPlu-00069-00026712-00027030 healed. There's a devil that comes to steal, kill, and
ocJcfVYLPlu-00070-00027030-00027460 destroy. If only one person got healed and all the
ocJcfVYLPlu-00071-00027460-00027718 people you ever prayed for, it would still be worth it. 
ocJcfVYLPlu-00072-00027718-00028072 Because that one person got healed and there were no other answers.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00073-00028072-00028480 Even what Clarissa said...
ocJcfVYLPlu-00074-00028480-00029170 There was nothing else that worked for me except God - to break off deliver me... the deliverance I needed for
ocJcfVYLPlu-00075-00029170-00029590 the addictions. Nothing else worked. This kind doesn't go
ocJcfVYLPlu-00076-00029590-00029812 out except by prayer and fasting. I'm kind of winding
ocJcfVYLPlu-00077-00029812-00030382 down now. As they were coming down the mountain. I'm just bringing
ocJcfVYLPlu-00078-00030382-00030724 you back to the scene again when they're coming down off
ocJcfVYLPlu-00079-00030724-00031120 the mountain and the Pharisees are arguing with them.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00080-00031120-00031396 It says because of your unbelief. So, I looked it
ocJcfVYLPlu-00081-00031396-00031696 up. I just want to see what the Greek word was for
ocJcfVYLPlu-00082-00031696-00032260 unbelief - which is diminished faith. You can
ocJcfVYLPlu-00083-00032260-00032578 read, "Oh you of little faith," offered in the
ocJcfVYLPlu-00084-00032578-00032842 bible. When they are on the boat and they woke him
ocJcfVYLPlu-00085-00032842-00033106 up and said, "Aren't you worried that we are going to be sinking
ocJcfVYLPlu-00086-00033106-00033376 here? And he said, "Why did you have such little faith?"
ocJcfVYLPlu-00087-00033376-00033930 So, unbelief goes hand in hand with little faith. Jesus has no
ocJcfVYLPlu-00088-00033930-00034236 little faith. So if he's the one that we want to be like...
ocJcfVYLPlu-00089-00034236-00034632 that is our motto. But "the kind..." The word for "kind" really
ocJcfVYLPlu-00090-00034632-00035190 surprised me, "this kind.' is the word genos. Which
ocJcfVYLPlu-00091-00035190-00035586 we would get our genes from. Like your genealogy...
ocJcfVYLPlu-00092-00035586-00036078 What is right inside you... your kind... what breed you are... what people
ocJcfVYLPlu-00093-00036078-00036612 group you are. So, this kind of unbelief comes when you're with
ocJcfVYLPlu-00094-00036612-00036978 a lot of people who have unbelief - because you pick up what is in
ocJcfVYLPlu-00095-00036978-00037260 tribe you're with. So, if you're with a bunch of people
ocJcfVYLPlu-00096-00037260-00037578 who don't think God heals today, it might be a little
ocJcfVYLPlu-00097-00037578-00037908 harder but if you're with a bunch of people who've been
ocJcfVYLPlu-00098-00037908-00038334 healed - I'm curious - has anybody here been miraculously healed?
ocJcfVYLPlu-00099-00038334-00038628 Could you stand? Let's give God the glory. There was nothing
ocJcfVYLPlu-00100-00038628-00039180 else that could have done it. Oh my God - he is no respecter
ocJcfVYLPlu-00101-00039180-00039678 of persons. So, look, the other people don't have to
ocJcfVYLPlu-00102-00039678-00040182 believe - however many dozens of people just stood up. That's
ocJcfVYLPlu-00103-00040182-00040458 fine. That's your right. You could think that God doesn't heal
ocJcfVYLPlu-00104-00040458-00040842 anymore - but we're here to tell you, he did it. It is
ocJcfVYLPlu-00105-00040842-00041256 done. It's already completed. That work is finished. 
ocJcfVYLPlu-00106-00041256-00041526 We are going to try to go help other people get 
ocJcfVYLPlu-00107-00041526-00041994 .... healed, delivered... whatever. So, look, I've to 
ocJcfVYLPlu-00108-00041994-00042312 really watch who I'm hanging around with, because it is
ocJcfVYLPlu-00109-00042312-00042774 contagious - both ways. Unbelief - I'm going to be in this kind...
ocJcfVYLPlu-00110-00042774-00043122 this kind... only comes out by prayer and fasting. This kind
ocJcfVYLPlu-00111-00043122-00043482 of unbelief only comes out by prayer and fasting. This
ocJcfVYLPlu-00112-00043482-00044172 kind of faith gets nurtured and grows and matures when
ocJcfVYLPlu-00113-00044172-00044394 we're together with other believers. I'm almost
ocJcfVYLPlu-00114-00044394-00044760 done. I already told you, the Pharisees produced a kind of
ocJcfVYLPlu-00115-00044760-00045258 zone, a kindred zone of interference. When Jesus walked
ocJcfVYLPlu-00116-00045258-00045540 off that mountain, if you could have seen in the spirit, there
ocJcfVYLPlu-00117-00045540-00045882 would have been all kinds of buzzing around them,
ocJcfVYLPlu-00118-00045882-00046348 a zone that was hard to penetrate with faith, because one person's unbelief
ocJcfVYLPlu-00119-00046348-00046648 was multiplying the other person's unbelief. I think these
ocJcfVYLPlu-00120-00046648-00047014 Pharisees were saying, "We knew you couldn't do it! We knew Jesus is
ocJcfVYLPlu-00121-00047014-00047362 just a magician, and you guys don't know the tricks. As soon
ocJcfVYLPlu-00122-00047362-00047806 as he is gone, you don't have any power." So the disciples said, "How come
ocJcfVYLPlu-00123-00047806-00048322 it didn't work?" He said, "This kind comes out by prayer and
ocJcfVYLPlu-00124-00048322-00049006 fasting." Fast and pray to increase faith. Can we stand
ocJcfVYLPlu-00125-00049006-00049630 I'm going to fast and pray to increase my faith and
ocJcfVYLPlu-00126-00049630-00050026 demolish strongholds of unbelief. You know, fasting is
ocJcfVYLPlu-00127-00050026-00050350 not a popular subject. People think they're going to die if they
ocJcfVYLPlu-00128-00050350-00050656 miss a meal... "What if I'm driving and I get lightheaded
ocJcfVYLPlu-00129-00050656-00051206 and I pass out. God wouldn't want that, would he?" Well, you
ocJcfVYLPlu-00130-00051206-00051750 can pull over. Keep a snack with you if you're about
ocJcfVYLPlu-00131-00051750-00052110 to pass out. So, I just want read you a quote. It really
ocJcfVYLPlu-00132-00052110-00052518 hit me when I first read it many years ago. "To love at all
ocJcfVYLPlu-00133-00052518-00053010 is to be vulnerable. Love anything and your heart will be
ocJcfVYLPlu-00134-00053010-00053346 wrong and possibly broken." You know what wrung means, right?
ocJcfVYLPlu-00135-00053346-00053730 When you ring out a towel, squeeze it. If you put yourself in
ocJcfVYLPlu-00136-00053730-00054072 a vulnerable position, your heart is going to be squeezed.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00137-00054072-00054804 "If you want to make sure of keeping your heart intact, you
ocJcfVYLPlu-00138-00054804-00055378 must give it to no one. Not even an animal. Wrap it carefully
ocJcfVYLPlu-00139-00055378-00055708 around with hobbies and little luxuries and avoid all the
ocJcfVYLPlu-00140-00055708-00056296 entanglements. Lock it up safe in the casket or coffin of your
ocJcfVYLPlu-00141-00056296-00056812 selfishness. But in that casket, safe and dark and
ocJcfVYLPlu-00142-00056812-00057502 motionless and airless, it will change. It will not be broken.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00143-00057502-00058000 It will become unbreakable, impenetrable, and irredeemable."
ocJcfVYLPlu-00144-00058000-00058336 Now, we don't believe anything is irredeemable but you
ocJcfVYLPlu-00145-00058336-00058632 get the point. You think you're building the wall to protect
ocJcfVYLPlu-00146-00058632-00059320 your heart and you're building a wall that becomes a casket. Safe
ocJcfVYLPlu-00147-00059320-00059932 and dark but now impenetrable. That's a hard heart.
ocJcfVYLPlu-00148-00059932-00060316 We want to change that. Then he says again, it was C.S. Lewis,
ocJcfVYLPlu-00149-00060316-00060544 "To love is to be vulnerable." So, could you just lift your
ocJcfVYLPlu-00150-00060544-00060898 hands for a minute? Say, "Lord, we sang it today. I open
ocJcfVYLPlu-00151-00060898-00061216 up my heart to you. Could you please reveal to me
ocJcfVYLPlu-00152-00061216-00061534 whatever areas I might have where I have stubbornness...
ocJcfVYLPlu-00153-00061534-00061828 where I have a mountain of unbelief in my heart because
ocJcfVYLPlu-00154-00061828-00062134 I've been so disappointed or because people have let me
ocJcfVYLPlu-00155-00062134-00062464 down. I've been betrayed and I'm afraid to trust again."
ocJcfVYLPlu-00156-00062464-00062662 Well, let me just tell you church, everybody is afraid to
ocJcfVYLPlu-00157-00062662-00063010 trust again, but you have an option and if you are going to
ocJcfVYLPlu-00158-00063010-00063290 engage in life and if you want do great exploits for the
ocJcfVYLPlu-00159-00063290-00063530 kingdom - and I know you do!  I know you do because you' are
ocJcfVYLPlu-00160-00063530-00063884 here and your passion shows. Then we are going to just
ocJcfVYLPlu-00161-00063884-00064244 have to take risks. We're goint to have to take some risks and get out
ocJcfVYLPlu-00162-00064244-00064676 there and be with people that could be your troop. That can
ocJcfVYLPlu-00163-00064676-00064934 help you see things when you don't fully see them.  If you've
ocJcfVYLPlu-00164-00064934-00065312 got a blind spot - that's part of trusting them. To be
ocJcfVYLPlu-00165-00065312-00065540 vulnerable with them and say, "Look, I'm going to be accountable
ocJcfVYLPlu-00166-00065540-00065912 to my friends. And if I'm going through
ocJcfVYLPlu-00167-00065912-00066110 something, I want to have people I can call that I know will
ocJcfVYLPlu-00168-00066110-00066450 pray with me. Let's just say that, "Lord, soften my
ocJcfVYLPlu-00169-00066450-00067232 heart. I don't want to live in stubborn opposition to the
ocJcfVYLPlu-00170-00067232-00067794 faith that you placed inside me." And look, this is a common
ocJcfVYLPlu-00171-00067794-00068082 problem, but we always try to figure everything out. So, just
ocJcfVYLPlu-00172-00068082-00068550 acknowledge that the Bible says, "Your ways are high above my
ocJcfVYLPlu-00173-00068550-00069314 ways." I'm going to stop trying to figure you out, listen to your
ocJcfVYLPlu-00174-00069314-00070110 voice, and be obedient. Give me the courage to be able to step
ocJcfVYLPlu-00175-00070110-00070778 out of the boat, step out of my comfort zone, and do great
ocJcfVYLPlu-00176-00070778-00071146 exploits for the kingdom of God."
oionmhbxLLo-00000-00000000-00000200 Creating ping pong game
ol0bzD4KpTg-00000-00000003-00000323 We're back.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00001-00001563-00002041 Okay, to bring you up to speed of what we're doing, we're at the University of
ol0bzD4KpTg-00002-00002041-00002782 [in unison] Mississippi and Mississippi. Starkville, Mississippi, and we're here to do another
ol0bzD4KpTg-00003-00002782-00003611 Webcam for the second time. Four years ago Lryriclass and I took a drive.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00004-00003854-00004346 We took a drive from Indiana down through the south into Tennessee,
ol0bzD4KpTg-00005-00004346-00004770 Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama. All the way to Going Caching.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00006-00005130-00005626 We stopped at this Webcam and got our picture.  -But we didn't follow the
ol0bzD4KpTg-00007-00005626-00006022 directions. -We did not read the cache description.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00008-00006022-00006511 Doh! The number two thing that most Geocaches will do wrong: is fail [in unison] to read
ol0bzD4KpTg-00009-00006511-00007192 the cache description. -Yes. So, I went to log the cache. We had or our photo taken
ol0bzD4KpTg-00010-00007192-00007837 from the Webcam. I went to log it but, it  was that time at home 1,500
ol0bzD4KpTg-00011-00007837-00008226 kilometers away that I realized we didn't phoon.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00012-00009379-00010012 So, I tried to slip it by but the CO said nope, and deleted our log.  I was
ol0bzD4KpTg-00013-00010012-00010453 like ohh, but those are the rules. That's what the description said to do.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00014-00010453-00011104 You had to complete a certain task. We didn't do that. I said someday we'll
ol0bzD4KpTg-00015-00011104-00011416 come back and do it again so this, is some day.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00016-00011416-00011604 Let's get that Webcam.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00017-00011830-00012154 It's time to phoon and they're all gathering to figure out.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00018-00012154-00012600 What are we gonna do? We're gonna phoon in a line. Okay, is that gonna show in a line?
ol0bzD4KpTg-00019-00012600-00013052 SPRINGH2OW: Yes. -On a phoon line?  Okay. We're gonna phoon in a line.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00020-00013094-00013294 Alright ready. Here we go.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00021-00013391-00013686 Okay, so. Now we gotta.  LYRICLASS: You start.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00022-00015002-00015252 -We're gonna get this if it kills us.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00023-00015276-00015430 Okay, wait.  Humour me.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00024-00016740-00017564 All right. So, we got Londonwesty,  Blue Quasar, and Outsiders2,  Lyriclass,
ol0bzD4KpTg-00025-00017564-00017966 SpringH2OW!  We got it. We did yes!
ol0bzD4KpTg-00026-00017966-00018342 Finally got this Webcam. Four years in the making
ol0bzD4KpTg-00027-00018412-00018504 Yahoo!
ol0bzD4KpTg-00028-00018690-00019040 Hey.   We're phooning. Cache The Line, eat your heart out.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00029-00019076-00019408 LONDONWESTY: Keep going. You're doing it.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00030-00019408-00019582 THE BLUE QUASAR: Going for the world record.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00031-00019624-00019824 Yeh, that's good enough. [laughter]
ol0bzD4KpTg-00032-00019946-00020424 Well that was phoon-tastic! -Hey, that was brilliant.  -Thank you.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00033-00020424-00020704 Four years in the making to get that Webcam. -Yep.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00034-00020716-00021209 -That is Webcam for me Webcam number 68.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00035-00021209-00021645 Getting up there. Getting to be 70 pretty soon. Even on this trip I think we're
ol0bzD4KpTg-00036-00021646-00021884 going to get there. -We will.  -Yeah.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00037-00021884-00022324 Thanks very much for coming to watch this momentous occasion.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00038-00022324-00022534 -Momentous. -Momentous.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00039-00022580-00022914 Yeah as you said it was [in unison] phoon-tastic.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00040-00023014-00023242 Keep watching there's more caches to be found.
ol0bzD4KpTg-00041-00023242-00023759 -And where will geocaching take you you?
omQ3d4_4gtI-00000-00000064-00000760 so i have reached over 100 views on my promoted video, and this happened in just
omQ3d4_4gtI-00001-00000760-00001448 three hours. i can't believe this. so i think, uh, we're going to make it even more.
p0vmdmAN5eE-00000-00000006-00000152 (Slav 1) Pointless I say!
p0vmdmAN5eE-00001-00000190-00000326 (Slav 1) Eh, Fuck this!
p0vmdmAN5eE-00002-00000380-00000540 (Slav 1) What are we even doing here?
p0vmdmAN5eE-00003-00000572-00000722 (Slav 1) This is a shitty place.
p0vmdmAN5eE-00004-00000756-00001108 (Slav 1) This place is bad news, any greenhorn could get me here!
p0vmdmAN5eE-00005-00001150-00001312 (Slav 1) What are we even doing here?
p0vmdmAN5eE-00006-00001334-00001492 (Slav 1) This is a shitty place... + (Slav 2) This is Pointless
p0vmdmAN5eE-00007-00001508-00001664 (Slav 1) What are we even doing here?  + (Slav 2) Pointless I say!
p0vmdmAN5eE-00008-00001750-00001884 (Slav 1) This is shitty place... + (Slav 2) Eh, Fuck this!
p0vmdmAN5eE-00009-00001939-00002126 (Slav 1) This place is bad news... + (Slav 2) This is just Pointless...
p0vmdmAN5eE-00010-00002126-00002288 (Slav 1) any greenhorn could get me here! + (Slav 2) Pointless I say!
p0vmdmAN5eE-00011-00002330-00002472 (Slav 1)  What are we even doing here? + (Slav 2) Eh...
p0vmdmAN5eE-00012-00002472-00002648 (Slav 2) Fuck this!  (Slav 1) This is shitty place...
p0vmdmAN5eE-00013-00002648-00002820 (Slav 2) This is just Pointless + (Slav 1) This place is bad news,
p0vmdmAN5eE-00014-00002824-00003080 (Slav 2) Pointless I say! +  (Slav 1) any greenhorn could get me here!
p0vmdmAN5eE-00015-00003080-00003354 (Slav 3) Get the Bastard fast + (Slav 4) The Others! + (Slav 1) This is just Pointless... + (Slav 2) What are we even doing here?
p0vmdmAN5eE-00016-00003354-00003560 (Slav 3) Fuck! + (Slav 2) Pointless I say! + (Slav 1) This is shitty place...
p0vmdmAN5eE-00017-00003560-00003640 (Slav 2) Eh, Fuck this!
p0vmdmAN5eE-00018-00003640-00003982 (Slav 1) This place is bad news, any greenhorn could get me here!
p0vmdmAN5eE-00019-00003992-00004400 (Slav 1) Ugh... This is just Pointless, Pointless I say!
p0vmdmAN5eE-00020-00004456-00004602 Eh... *CROSSBOW BOLT*
p0DzeUQo7io-00000-00000008-00000304 okay hot calc, calm down. 
p0DzeUQo7io-00001-00000304-00000614 your friend said the word "hot"
p0DzeUQo7io-00002-00000614-00000937 you do not have to make the same 
p0DzeUQo7io-00003-00000937-00001398 "I'm hot" joke that you do everysingle time...
p0DzeUQo7io-00004-00001398-00001598 uh, you know who else is hot?!
p9HSETEefT8-00000-00000000-00000200 Mithlesh bhagat 
p9LpwbIYahQ-00000-00000094-00000251 (upbeat music) >> [Announcer] Live,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00001-00000251-00000535 from Silicon Valley, it's theCUBE.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00002-00000693-00001007 Covering Mobile World Congress 2017.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00003-00001007-00001207 Brought to you by Intel.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00004-00001428-00001538 >> 'Kay, welcome back everyone.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00005-00001538-00001786 We are here live in Palo Alto, theCUBE studios,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00006-00001786-00001954 our new 4,500 square foot studio.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00007-00001954-00002073 We just moved in in January.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00008-00002073-00002366 We're covering Mobile World Congress for two days,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00009-00002366-00002521 8 a.m. to six, every day today,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00010-00002521-00002774 Monday the 27th, and Tuesday, the 28th.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00011-00002774-00002918 That's Pacific Standard Time, of course.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00012-00002918-00003084 Barcelona's ending their day,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00013-00003084-00003199 people are at their dinners right now
p9LpwbIYahQ-00014-00003199-00003371 going to the after hour parties.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00015-00003371-00003653 Really getting into the evening festivities,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00016-00003653-00003774 the business development,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00017-00003774-00003994 and we're going to break down all the news with that.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00018-00003994-00004186 And we have Tom Joyce here for reaction.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00019-00004186-00004391 But first, my talking point for this segment.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00020-00004391-00004618 Tom, I want to get your reaction to this,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00021-00004618-00004867 is Mobile World Congress is going through
p9LpwbIYahQ-00022-00004867-00005045 a massive change as a show.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00023-00005045-00005374 CES became an automotive show, you saw that show.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00024-00005374-00005695 Mobile World Congress used to be a Telco show, device show.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00025-00005695-00005917 Now you're seeing Internet of Things,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00026-00005917-00006065 and Internet things and people,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00027-00006065-00006205 as Peter Burris from Wikibon
p9LpwbIYahQ-00028-00006205-00006389 pointed out on our opening today,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00029-00006389-00006592 where people are now the device, the phone,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00030-00006592-00006768 and the watches and the wearables,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00031-00006768-00007005 and the things are sensors, cars,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00032-00007005-00007331 cities, towns, homes, devices.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00033-00007331-00007570 Now you have this new connected Internet
p9LpwbIYahQ-00034-00007570-00007817 that goes to an extreme edge to wherever
p9LpwbIYahQ-00035-00007817-00008197 there's a digital signal and connection, powered by 5G.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00036-00008197-00008598 5G is the big story at Mobile World Congress,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00037-00008598-00008780 certainly the glam is the devices,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00038-00008780-00008966 but those devices becoming more powerful
p9LpwbIYahQ-00039-00008966-00009192 with chips from Intel and Qualcomm and others.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00040-00009192-00009378 And as those devices become more powerful,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00041-00009378-00009692 the connected device, thing, or people,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00042-00009692-00009854 become much more powerful equation.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00043-00009854-00010050 The data behind it is a tsunami,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00044-00010050-00010443 and this, to me, is a step up in a game changing
p9LpwbIYahQ-00045-00010443-00010781 wealth creation, a value creation opportunity
p9LpwbIYahQ-00046-00010781-00011072 for the society or around the world, and for companies.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00047-00011072-00011558 So the question is, can this be the kind of change
p9LpwbIYahQ-00048-00011558-00011726 significantly impacting the world
p9LpwbIYahQ-00049-00011726-00012058 similar to the iPhone in 2007 when Steve Jobs
p9LpwbIYahQ-00050-00012058-00012343 announced the iPhone it changed the entire mobile landscape,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00051-00012343-00012535 and even Blackberry's making a comeback,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00052-00012535-00012734 and they were decimated by the iPhone.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00053-00012734-00012934 Can this 5G, this Internet of Things,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00054-00012934-00013103 Internet of Things of people,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00055-00013103-00013315 change the game, and what will happen?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00056-00013315-00013464 We believe it'll be massive.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00057-00013464-00013765 Tom, your reaction to this new change?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00058-00013765-00014094 >> Well, you know, I think you hit on a lot of it.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00059-00014094-00014276 I come at it from a different perspective, right?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00060-00014276-00014658 I spent 30 years in infrastructure, systems and software.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00061-00014658-00014872 So, when you're coming at it from that side,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00062-00014872-00015075 and you see this mobile world exploding,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00063-00015075-00015297 and Internet of Things starting to take off,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00064-00015297-00015456 and changes in terms of how the connectivity
p9LpwbIYahQ-00065-00015456-00015853 at the edge works, and this massive evolution,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00066-00015853-00016007 you can think about it from one of two ways.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00067-00016007-00016278 On one level, you can be terrified, you know?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00068-00016278-00016418 Cause it's all going away, (John laughs)
p9LpwbIYahQ-00069-00016418-00016569 all the stuff we built is going away.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00070-00016569-00016677 And, on the other hand,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00071-00016677-00016948 it creates a tremendous number of new opportunities.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00072-00016948-00017289 And I think we're only really just starting to see
p9LpwbIYahQ-00073-00017289-00017576 the creativity come out of the enterprise side
p9LpwbIYahQ-00074-00017576-00017897 in terms of not adapting to this change in mobile,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00075-00017897-00018078 but actually starting to invent things
p9LpwbIYahQ-00076-00018078-00018401 that will enable it and make Internet of Things possible.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00077-00018401-00018638 And, you know, new approaches to how silicon
p9LpwbIYahQ-00078-00018638-00018932 should be developed for those applications.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00079-00018932-00019134 New applications altogether.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00080-00019134-00019354 You know, I spent a lot of time recently
p9LpwbIYahQ-00081-00019354-00019596 looking at a number of different storage companies,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00082-00019596-00019774 and, you know, something fundamentally
p9LpwbIYahQ-00083-00019774-00019983 needs to change there in order for that
p9LpwbIYahQ-00084-00019983-00020150 technology to adapt, and guess what?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00085-00020150-00020420 It's now starting to really really come forward,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00086-00020420-00020794 and so, yeah, I think that what we're starting to see
p9LpwbIYahQ-00087-00020794-00021176 is the big engines, the big historical engines
p9LpwbIYahQ-00088-00021176-00021483 of innovation, starting to catch up to this big trend,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00089-00021483-00021676 and it's only the very beginning.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00090-00021676-00021835 >> We have Tom Joyce, who's an industry executive
p9LpwbIYahQ-00091-00021835-00021918 in the infrastructure area.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00092-00021918-00022089 Worked at EMC back in the early days,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00093-00022089-00022326 and then HPE and a variety of other companies.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00094-00022326-00022481 Tom, you're an expert in infrastructure,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00095-00022481-00022641 and this is what's interesting to me,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00096-00022641-00022887 as a technical person.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00097-00022887-00023211 You have the glam and the flair of mobile,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00098-00023211-00023514 the devices and the awesome screen capabilities,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00099-00023514-00023769 the size of the devices, the role of the tablet's
p9LpwbIYahQ-00100-00023769-00023884 now changing where it's going to become
p9LpwbIYahQ-00101-00023884-00024118 an entertainment device in home,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00102-00024118-00024326 and a companion to mobile.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00103-00024326-00024409 That's what people see.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00104-00024409-00024493 They see the virtual reality.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00105-00024493-00024576 They see the augmented reality.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00106-00024576-00024868 The coolness of some of this awesome software
p9LpwbIYahQ-00107-00024868-00025052 that needs all that 5G bandwidth.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00108-00025052-00025472 But, there's an under the hood kind of engine,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00109-00025472-00025612 on the infrastructure side that's going
p9LpwbIYahQ-00110-00025612-00025695 through a transformation.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00111-00025695-00025895 It's called network transformation
p9LpwbIYahQ-00112-00025895-00026196 because you have networks that move the data around.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00113-00026196-00026381 You have the compute power, the cloud,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00114-00026381-00026539 that computes on things.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00115-00026539-00026829 The data, and the storage that (laughs) stores it all.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00116-00026829-00026946 It's getting better on the device side,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00117-00026946-00027166 the handset, but also the stuff going on in the cloud.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00118-00027166-00027361 So I got to get your take.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00119-00027361-00027743 Why is now the time for the key network transformation?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00120-00027743-00027981 What are the key things happening now
p9LpwbIYahQ-00121-00027981-00028191 that really make this concept
p9LpwbIYahQ-00122-00028191-00028439 of network transformation so compelling?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00123-00028439-00028631 >> Well, you know, again, I'll take it from
p9LpwbIYahQ-00124-00028631-00028768 kind of a non-technical perspective,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00125-00028768-00028964 looking at it from an infrastructure guy
p9LpwbIYahQ-00126-00028964-00029131 standpoint, alright?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00127-00029267-00029424 What we've been looking at is,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00128-00029424-00029728 in the transformation of the compute platform,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00129-00029728-00030102 from inside your data center to the cloud,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00130-00030102-00030206 you know, all the things we've known
p9LpwbIYahQ-00131-00030206-00030386 kind of changing and going away.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00132-00030386-00030657 But, the parts the cloud hasn't really touched yet,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00133-00030657-00030820 or really transformed yet, are the piece
p9LpwbIYahQ-00134-00030820-00031085 between the cloud itself and that end user,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00135-00031085-00031227 or that remote office.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00136-00031227-00031454 You know, if you've got offices in far off lands,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00137-00031454-00031750 or, you know, small cities, getting the connectivity
p9LpwbIYahQ-00138-00031750-00031993 to be able to enable that new
p9LpwbIYahQ-00139-00031993-00032164 infrastructure platform is a challenge.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00140-00032164-00032359 And so, for a couple of years,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00141-00032359-00032578 there's been a lot of work done in network virtualization,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00142-00032578-00032766 and network functions virtualization,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00143-00032766-00032987 for ways to kind of break the stranglehold
p9LpwbIYahQ-00144-00032987-00033228 that a lot of these old proprietary technologies
p9LpwbIYahQ-00145-00033228-00033394 have had on that problem.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00146-00033394-00033605 And now we're starting to see new approaches
p9LpwbIYahQ-00147-00033605-00033955 to how you do WAN management across those,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00148-00034141-00034257 especially long distances.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00149-00034257-00034551 And I think that, especially with the growth
p9LpwbIYahQ-00150-00034551-00034843 in capacity demand from things like 5G,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00151-00034843-00034980 from things like Internet of Things,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00152-00034980-00035406 from the many different kinds of mobile devices we now have,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00153-00035406-00035654 it creates a forcing function on IT managers,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00154-00035654-00035794 and especially on telcos to say
p9LpwbIYahQ-00155-00035794-00036104 "geez, you know, we can't keep doing it with T1s.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00156-00036104-00036313 We can't wait 90 days to put in a T1
p9LpwbIYahQ-00157-00036313-00036517 every time we open up a new building.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00158-00036517-00036712 We can't, you know, use the same old hardware
p9LpwbIYahQ-00159-00036712-00036911 because the cost model needs to change."
p9LpwbIYahQ-00160-00036911-00037134 And so there are, you know, quite a few companies,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00161-00037134-00037392 and by my count about a dozen of em
p9LpwbIYahQ-00162-00037392-00037576 that are looking at completely virtualized
p9LpwbIYahQ-00163-00037576-00037869 software ways to break that down.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00164-00037869-00038226 Do it flexibly, nine minutes instead of 90 days,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00165-00038226-00038362 a lot more performance.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00166-00038362-00038575 And so, you know, it's the demand is creating
p9LpwbIYahQ-00167-00038575-00038746 the opportunity but now you're starting
p9LpwbIYahQ-00168-00038746-00038952 to see innovators adapt and deliver new stuff
p9LpwbIYahQ-00169-00038952-00039106 to solve this problem.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00170-00039106-00039207 >> Tom, for the folks watching,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00171-00039207-00039393 I'll share some props for you.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00172-00039393-00039514 You've obviously been an executive
p9LpwbIYahQ-00173-00039514-00039767 in the infrastructure, but also at HPE
p9LpwbIYahQ-00174-00039767-00040038 prior to your role, and after your role
p9LpwbIYahQ-00175-00040038-00040130 they did some other things.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00176-00040130-00040362 But at HPE you were doing some mergers and acquisitions
p9LpwbIYahQ-00177-00040362-00040527 with Meg Whitman so you have a view
p9LpwbIYahQ-00178-00040527-00040731 of looking at the entrepreneurial landscape.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00179-00040731-00040907 So kind of, with that kind of focus,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00180-00040907-00041045 and also the infrastructure knowledge,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00181-00041045-00041154 what is some of the opportunities
p9LpwbIYahQ-00182-00041154-00041336 that the service providers in these telcos have?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00183-00041336-00041476 Because the network transformation
p9LpwbIYahQ-00184-00041476-00041708 that's happening with 5G and the software
p9LpwbIYahQ-00185-00041708-00041898 can give them a business model opportunity
p9LpwbIYahQ-00186-00041898-00042015 now that they have to seize on.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00187-00042015-00042116 This is the time.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00188-00042116-00042301 It seems like now the acceleration
p9LpwbIYahQ-00189-00042301-00042686 for those guys, and you can also apply it to
p9LpwbIYahQ-00190-00042686-00042852 say the enterprises as well,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00191-00042852-00043035 but there are opportunities out there.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00192-00043035-00043255 What are those opportunities for these service providers?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00193-00043255-00043703 >> Well, you know, I think if you're an established business
p9LpwbIYahQ-00194-00043703-00043849 there's a trade off between the bird in the hand
p9LpwbIYahQ-00195-00043849-00043995 and something's that disruptive
p9LpwbIYahQ-00196-00043995-00044213 but I might have to do anyway?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00197-00044213-00044486 And so I think some of these opportunities
p9LpwbIYahQ-00198-00044486-00044778 actually could potentially degrade profitability
p9LpwbIYahQ-00199-00044778-00044904 in the short term and that's, I think,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00200-00044904-00045034 where these guys kind of figure out
p9LpwbIYahQ-00201-00045034-00045165 "do I hold onto the old vine,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00202-00045165-00045360 or do I swing to the new vine?"
p9LpwbIYahQ-00203-00045360-00045544 And, it's a tough set of problems,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00204-00045544-00045820 but I think there is clearly opportunity
p9LpwbIYahQ-00205-00045820-00046079 to go completely software based, virtualize,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00206-00046079-00046461 around how you managed Wide Area Networking traffic.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00207-00046461-00046652 And I think some customers are starting
p9LpwbIYahQ-00208-00046652-00046926 to kind of force the telco providers to do that, by--
p9LpwbIYahQ-00209-00046926-00047129 >> Andy Roe was the one who coined the term
p9LpwbIYahQ-00210-00047129-00047279 "eat your own before the competition does",
p9LpwbIYahQ-00211-00047279-00047463 but that's the dilemma, the innovative dilemmas
p9LpwbIYahQ-00212-00047463-00047629 that these telcos have and the service providers.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00213-00047629-00047868 If they don't reinvent the future,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00214-00047868-00048069 and hold onto the past-- >> They'll get disrupted.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00215-00048069-00048164 >> [John] They'll be extincted. >> Yeah.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00216-00048164-00048262 >> [John] They'll be extinct.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00217-00048262-00048346 So that's interesting.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00218-00048346-00048508 So I got to get your take.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00219-00048508-00048676 With that premise, it's pretty obvious what's happening.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00220-00048676-00048760 >> Yeah.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00221-00048760-00048874 >> Faster networks are happening.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00222-00048874-00049049 You want low latency, faster bandwidth
p9LpwbIYahQ-00223-00049049-00049298 on wireless, that's happening. >> Yeah.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00224-00049298-00049494 >> What does this mean for the new kind of networks?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00225-00049494-00049619 Because that seems to be a theme
p9LpwbIYahQ-00226-00049619-00049826 coming out of Mobile World Congress on day one,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00227-00049826-00050075 that's going to probably be big tomorrow on the news,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00228-00050075-00050230 is this network transformation.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00229-00050230-00050404 This new kind of network,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00230-00050404-00050554 where you have to have fast storage,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00231-00050554-00050815 you got to have low latency data flying around.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00232-00050815-00051059 >> Yeah, I think there are many different parts of it,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00233-00051059-00051193 and you could talk all afternoon about it.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00234-00051193-00051435 But on that one part we were just talking about,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00235-00051435-00051644 and I don't know this company very deeply,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00236-00051644-00051784 but a company like Viptela, right?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00237-00051784-00052134 Viptela is going up against those big T1 sales models
p9LpwbIYahQ-00238-00052134-00052348 and saying "we're going to do it a different way".
p9LpwbIYahQ-00239-00052348-00052531 And it's about speed, it's about performance,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00240-00052531-00052689 about capacity, latency, cost.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00241-00052689-00052818 It's also about flexibility.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00242-00052818-00053111 Like, what if I could kind of totally re-engineer
p9LpwbIYahQ-00243-00053111-00053401 how everything's wired up right now on Tuesday,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00244-00053401-00053538 and do it differently on Wednesday?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00245-00053538-00053632 You know, what if I could set up
p9LpwbIYahQ-00246-00053632-00053866 entirely new business models on the fly
p9LpwbIYahQ-00247-00053866-00053982 as opposed to having to plan it
p9LpwbIYahQ-00248-00053982-00054148 months and months in advance?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00249-00054148-00054451 In that, the word agility is overused,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00250-00054451-00054539 but that's what that is.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00251-00054539-00054794 And so, I think as you move more and more into software
p9LpwbIYahQ-00252-00054794-00055036 for every one of these functions in the network,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00253-00055036-00055274 it brings with it this benefit of agility.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00254-00055274-00055419 And I think that's under-measured
p9LpwbIYahQ-00255-00055419-00055681 in terms of how people value that.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00256-00055681-00055925 You know, the velocity being able to change your business
p9LpwbIYahQ-00257-00055925-00056131 it's a lot more than what the gear cost,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00258-00056131-00056286 what the depreciation it was,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00259-00056286-00056417 you know, what the pipe cost.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00260-00056417-00056742 And so, I think as folks make those moves,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00261-00056742-00056884 and they can go faster and do more
p9LpwbIYahQ-00262-00056884-00057103 than their competition, it's a game changer.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00263-00057103-00057214 You know there's a big discussion
p9LpwbIYahQ-00264-00057214-00057420 about the, you mentioned, the compute layer,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00265-00057420-00057553 and the storage layer.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00266-00057553-00057788 The kinds of storage systems you need
p9LpwbIYahQ-00267-00057788-00058133 if you're going to deploy services as a service provider.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00268-00058133-00058345 Whether it's a telco, or a small VAR
p9LpwbIYahQ-00269-00058345-00058555 that's acting like a service provider.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00270-00058555-00058749 If you're going to compete there,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00271-00058749-00058941 you need stuff that's a lot more flexible,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00272-00058941-00059099 again, a lot more agile,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00273-00059099-00059333 than the traditional storage systems.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00274-00059333-00059607 Now, I think, the notion of software defined storage
p9LpwbIYahQ-00275-00059607-00059830 has been around for a while.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00276-00059830-00059996 Figuring out how you make money at that?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00277-00059996-00060112 That's still a work in progress.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00278-00060112-00060420 But, as folks move towards more of a service model
p9LpwbIYahQ-00279-00060420-00060603 for their business it's not going to look like--
p9LpwbIYahQ-00280-00060603-00060766 >> So it sounds like what you're saying is,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00281-00060766-00060954 the first wave of that is,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00282-00060954-00061125 from a table stakes standpoint is,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00283-00061125-00061497 speed and scale are kind of the first foundational thing
p9LpwbIYahQ-00284-00061497-00061710 that the storage guys have to get going.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00285-00061710-00061889 >> Yeah, I think, and storage is still the same.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00286-00061889-00062044 It has to be cost per, you know,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00287-00062044-00062256 cost per megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00288-00062256-00062546 You need to have low latency, high I/O.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00289-00062546-00062709 Those are like the three things.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00290-00062709-00062888 And then the additional things are the services.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00291-00062888-00063022 Is it resilient?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00292-00063127-00063228 Now we're at a point where I think
p9LpwbIYahQ-00293-00063228-00063421 agility matters more than ever, right?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00294-00063421-00063575 If I can reconfigure everything
p9LpwbIYahQ-00295-00063575-00063798 and build a new service and I can do it today,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00296-00063798-00064053 versus plan for months, the benefit
p9LpwbIYahQ-00297-00064053-00064288 and the dollars around that are game changing.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00298-00064288-00064387 And the people they're game changing
p9LpwbIYahQ-00299-00064387-00064538 for are the service providers.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00300-00064538-00064629 >> Tom, I want to ask you a question
p9LpwbIYahQ-00301-00064629-00064968 from the mind of the average consumer out there,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00302-00064968-00065064 and we all have the relatives ask
p9LpwbIYahQ-00303-00065064-00065228 "hey, what's going on in your tech business?"
p9LpwbIYahQ-00304-00065228-00065334 Break it down for us.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00305-00065334-00065656 When people say "why can't my phone just go faster?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00306-00065656-00065826 Why can't I have better bandwidth?"
p9LpwbIYahQ-00307-00065826-00066034 They might not understand the complexities
p9LpwbIYahQ-00308-00066034-00066293 of what it takes to make all this stuff happen.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00309-00066293-00066605 What's holding back the acceleration in your mind?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00310-00066605-00066706 Is it the technology?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00311-00066706-00066879 Is it the personnel?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00312-00066879-00067193 Is there any kind of area out there
p9LpwbIYahQ-00313-00067193-00067544 that once that straw breaks the camel's back,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00314-00067544-00067711 what is that straw that breaks the camel's back
p9LpwbIYahQ-00315-00067711-00068098 to accelerate this production of great tech?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00316-00068098-00068299 >> Yeah, I mean look, I'm actually one of those
p9LpwbIYahQ-00317-00068299-00068455 grandparents that's asking how come
p9LpwbIYahQ-00318-00068455-00068577 it's not going faster, (John laughing)
p9LpwbIYahQ-00319-00068577-00068718 so I may not have the complete answer,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00320-00068718-00068939 but I'm that frustrated person.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00321-00068939-00069073 I will say that, you know,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00322-00069073-00069284 we're in an interesting period of time
p9LpwbIYahQ-00323-00069284-00069591 in terms of how investments get made in new technology.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00324-00069591-00069910 And if you kind of, somebody very smart said
p9LpwbIYahQ-00325-00069910-00070137 to me the other day "try to think of
p9LpwbIYahQ-00326-00070137-00070395 the pure innovations that came out of
p9LpwbIYahQ-00327-00070395-00070715 large, established companies in the last 10 years".
p9LpwbIYahQ-00328-00070715-00070839 And I've worked for a couple of em, right?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00329-00070839-00071013 But, the pure ground up innovations
p9LpwbIYahQ-00330-00071013-00071195 that became big, and you can't come up
p9LpwbIYahQ-00331-00071195-00071345 with a very long list right?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00332-00071345-00071575 It's been really driven through the venture community,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00333-00071575-00071726 certainly as Silicon Valley, you know,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00334-00071726-00071891 it's been an engine for decades now.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00335-00071891-00072033 But that's where it comes from.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00336-00072033-00072357 And we've kind of been in a limbo cycle,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00337-00072357-00072533 where folks have invested a lot of money
p9LpwbIYahQ-00338-00072533-00072679 in some areas that haven't paid off.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00339-00072679-00072879 So, I think we're in a little bit of a gap,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00340-00072879-00073339 where there's a lot of money going into obvious spaces.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00341-00073339-00073514 One of those obvious spaces is security.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00342-00073514-00073652 You know, before that it was all these
p9LpwbIYahQ-00343-00073652-00073794 apps that we use for social.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00344-00073794-00074090 But there hasn't been enough engineering
p9LpwbIYahQ-00345-00074090-00074528 and core hard tech silicon to drive these new apps.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00346-00074528-00074727 There hasn't been enough hard engineering
p9LpwbIYahQ-00347-00074727-00075043 and building entirely new, you know, storage platforms
p9LpwbIYahQ-00348-00075043-00075335 in software that scale at service provider levels,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00349-00075335-00075508 cause that's going to cost a lot of money.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00350-00075508-00075748 So I think we're starting to see the beginnings of that,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00351-00075748-00075923 but it takes time to play it all out.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00352-00075923-00076093 >> It's interesting the whole digital life thing
p9LpwbIYahQ-00353-00076093-00076267 is coming into the transformation,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00354-00076267-00076535 and Reuve Cohen, who was on earlier,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00355-00076535-00076737 said "Snapchat IPO is the big story",
p9LpwbIYahQ-00356-00076737-00076866 but if you look at it like say Snapchat,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00357-00076866-00077062 what they're doing, they're both a media company
p9LpwbIYahQ-00358-00077062-00077274 and a platform with the fake news
p9LpwbIYahQ-00359-00077274-00077536 from the Facebook platform in the previous election.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00360-00077536-00077782 You're seeing these platforms
p9LpwbIYahQ-00361-00077782-00077978 delivering the kind of value that
p9LpwbIYahQ-00362-00077978-00078063 they weren't really intending,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00363-00078063-00078263 the unintended consequences for these platforms
p9LpwbIYahQ-00364-00078263-00078573 is that they become other things too in digital.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00365-00078573-00078664 Like a media company when they
p9LpwbIYahQ-00366-00078664-00078828 weren't really trying to be that,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00367-00078828-00078975 and media comes in trying to be platforms.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00368-00078975-00079178 So, there seems to be a platform war
p9LpwbIYahQ-00369-00079178-00079574 going on around who is going to control the platforms.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00370-00079574-00079732 And the question that I always ask is,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00371-00079732-00079836 okay how does this work in a
p9LpwbIYahQ-00372-00079836-00080228 multi-company environment where composability
p9LpwbIYahQ-00373-00080228-00080473 is much more the new development philosophy
p9LpwbIYahQ-00374-00080473-00080780 than owning a stack, owning technology?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00375-00080780-00080950 >> Well, I agree with ya, and I think that,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00376-00080950-00081150 again, if you look at it from the standpoint
p9LpwbIYahQ-00377-00081150-00081410 of a customer that's going to buy a lot of their services
p9LpwbIYahQ-00378-00081410-00081582 from the cloud and a lot of their services
p9LpwbIYahQ-00379-00081582-00081810 from other service providers,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00380-00081810-00081977 you have to hit the price points
p9LpwbIYahQ-00381-00081977-00082140 and the performance and the reliability.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00382-00082140-00082368 After that, it's how fast can you turn me on?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00383-00082368-00082464 How fast can you change?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00384-00082464-00082938 It's back to that software based reconfiguration on the fly.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00385-00082938-00083113 If you can then bring to bear the ability
p9LpwbIYahQ-00386-00083113-00083292 to do that with different qualities
p9LpwbIYahQ-00387-00083292-00083566 of service, and more automated control
p9LpwbIYahQ-00388-00083566-00083787 of those changes, that's gold right?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00389-00083787-00083961 But I don't think we have seen that
p9LpwbIYahQ-00390-00083961-00084151 actually implemented yet at scale,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00391-00084151-00084332 in ways that people can consume.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00392-00084332-00084564 So, again, I think you're seeing a wave
p9LpwbIYahQ-00393-00084564-00084943 of investment by the VC folks in a number of areas,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00394-00084943-00085100 one of em is new kinds of silicon,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00395-00085100-00085556 new kinds of next generation flash technologies,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00396-00085556-00085677 and things like that.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00397-00085677-00086015 I think you're seeing service provider scale
p9LpwbIYahQ-00398-00086015-00086253 storage technologies starting to emerge.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00399-00086253-00086437 You're starting to see fundamental changes
p9LpwbIYahQ-00400-00086437-00086592 in how Wide Area Networks are managed,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00401-00086592-00086719 all in software, right?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00402-00086719-00087135 So, I think you play that through in the next year or two,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00403-00087135-00087408 the demand from mobile usage,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00404-00087408-00087685 but especially from Internet of Things,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00405-00087685-00087948 and its related demand for data
p9LpwbIYahQ-00406-00087948-00088123 is going to create a new market,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00407-00088123-00088236 a new market opportunities,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00408-00088236-00088319 and who will win?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00409-00088319-00088419 I don't know, but there's a lot
p9LpwbIYahQ-00410-00088419-00088577 of smart investors making bets there.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00411-00088577-00088669 >> So certainly you see a lot
p9LpwbIYahQ-00412-00088669-00088799 of the old guard out there,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00413-00088799-00089090 Intel, for instance, sponsored this program,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00414-00089090-00089274 gave us the ability to do the programming
p9LpwbIYahQ-00415-00089274-00089584 thanks to Intel and also SAP contributed a little bit.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00416-00089584-00089692 But you got HPE out there,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00417-00089692-00089859 you see IBM, all these guys are out there,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00418-00089859-00090031 these traditional suppliers.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00419-00090031-00090168 What's the one thing that you can point to
p9LpwbIYahQ-00420-00090168-00090504 that in this new era of supplying technology
p9LpwbIYahQ-00421-00090504-00090816 to the new guard of winners,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00422-00090816-00091143 whether they're telcos, or providers, or enterprises.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00423-00091143-00091399 The game certainly changed with the cloud.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00424-00091399-00091576 What's the blind spot for some of these guys?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00425-00091576-00091861 And where should they be looking for MNA activity--
p9LpwbIYahQ-00426-00091861-00092057 >> [Tom] Yeah. >> [John] If you're the CEO
p9LpwbIYahQ-00427-00092057-00092282 of a big company, and you "hey I got to pivot,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00428-00092282-00092464 I got to fill my product lines",
p9LpwbIYahQ-00429-00092464-00092592 where's the order of operations
p9LpwbIYahQ-00430-00092592-00092799 from a focus standpoint?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00431-00092799-00092998 >> Okay, well you take a couple of those companies,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00432-00092998-00093333 and I'd say that I've both observed
p9LpwbIYahQ-00433-00093333-00093562 and been guilty of some of (John laughing)
p9LpwbIYahQ-00434-00093562-00093700 what's not working now, right?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00435-00093700-00093948 And the instinct, if you're in one of those places,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00436-00093948-00094207 is to say "look, we've got all this technology.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00437-00094207-00094437 We've got servers, storage, networking.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00438-00094437-00094681 What if we just bundle up what we've got
p9LpwbIYahQ-00439-00094681-00094907 and point it at this new set of applications?"
p9LpwbIYahQ-00440-00094907-00095121 And I think you can make some ground up there,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00441-00095121-00095413 you can do some stuff, but at the end of the day
p9LpwbIYahQ-00442-00095413-00095626 the new requirements require new technology.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00443-00095626-00095792 And I think the larger companies
p9LpwbIYahQ-00444-00095792-00096130 haven't been successful at investing in
p9LpwbIYahQ-00445-00096130-00096374 new stuff in their own, like memristor,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00446-00096374-00096507 or some of these new technologies
p9LpwbIYahQ-00447-00096507-00096674 folks have talked about, the machine.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00448-00096674-00096857 They get announced, they come, they go, why?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00449-00096857-00097024 Because they're expensive, they're really hard.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00450-00097024-00097265 >> [John] It takes real R&D. >> It takes years.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00451-00097265-00097348 Yeah, years of real R&D.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00452-00097348-00097563 And it's difficult in the economic environment
p9LpwbIYahQ-00453-00097563-00097713 that we're in to sustain that.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00454-00097713-00098125 So the reality is, I think there needs to be
p9LpwbIYahQ-00455-00098125-00098488 a lot more aggressive focus on identifying
p9LpwbIYahQ-00456-00098488-00098840 hard technology that can feed the supply chain
p9LpwbIYahQ-00457-00098840-00098953 for some of those solutions.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00458-00098953-00099090 And, that's what I think--
p9LpwbIYahQ-00459-00099090-00099307 >> [John] That's what a startup opportunity is too.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00460-00099307-00099465 >> Startup opportunity-- >> Those guys got to fill
p9LpwbIYahQ-00461-00099465-00099615 that void cause they're doing the R&D.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00462-00099615-00099740 >> But the startups that are going to succeed
p9LpwbIYahQ-00463-00099740-00099961 in the future that relate to this problem,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00464-00099961-00100099 they're not the guy building an app.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00465-00100099-00100345 That's not where it is.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00466-00100345-00100620 It's technology that's actually hard.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00467-00100620-00100725 That's why I think you see things
p9LpwbIYahQ-00468-00100725-00100990 like Nvidia, why is that stock so high?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00469-00100990-00101367 Well, they developed unique silicon,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00470-00101367-00101692 that was applicable to a whole bunch more areas
p9LpwbIYahQ-00471-00101692-00102000 than folks realized, right?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00472-00102000-00102156 >> So the difference is, if I hear
p9LpwbIYahQ-00473-00102156-00102426 what you're saying, is there's two approaches.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00474-00102426-00102585 Technology looking for a problem,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00475-00102585-00102862 and then a problem that's solved by technology.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00476-00102862-00103011 Kind of the different kind of mindset.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00477-00103011-00103104 >> Yeah, exactly right.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00478-00103104-00103276 And I think that if you take Tesla
p9LpwbIYahQ-00479-00103276-00103444 as a very well known example.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00480-00103444-00103657 The amount of demand for analytics data
p9LpwbIYahQ-00481-00103657-00103891 is just extraordinary there, right?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00482-00103891-00104142 And that will lead to more requirements
p9LpwbIYahQ-00483-00104142-00104249 to say "no, no, no.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00484-00104249-00104460 I can't use your old stuff.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00485-00104460-00104653 You can bundle up the crap you have.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00486-00104653-00104768 (John laughs) You need to give me
p9LpwbIYahQ-00487-00104768-00104935 something that's tuned for the scale
p9LpwbIYahQ-00488-00104935-00105162 I'm talking about now and next."
p9LpwbIYahQ-00489-00105162-00105271 And I think that we're starting
p9LpwbIYahQ-00490-00105271-00105465 to see the venture community,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00491-00105465-00105675 and certainly my travels around the Valley
p9LpwbIYahQ-00492-00105675-00105828 here over the last couple of months,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00493-00105828-00105973 saying "we're probably going to have
p9LpwbIYahQ-00494-00105973-00106151 to get in earlier, and we're probably
p9LpwbIYahQ-00495-00106151-00106367 going to have to invest more and longer.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00496-00106367-00106618 Because the payoff's there, but these problems are big
p9LpwbIYahQ-00497-00106618-00106793 and require real hard technology."
p9LpwbIYahQ-00498-00106793-00106888 >> Well, Tom Joyce, thanks for coming in
p9LpwbIYahQ-00499-00106888-00107041 and sharing the commentary and reaction
p9LpwbIYahQ-00500-00107041-00107136 to Mobile World Congress.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00501-00107136-00107253 Real quick, what are you up to these days?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00502-00107253-00107517 I know you're looking at a bunch of CEO opportunities.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00503-00107517-00107814 You've been talking to a lot of VC firms in the Valley.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00504-00107814-00107897 What are you poking at?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00505-00107897-00108065 What's getting your attention these days?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00506-00108065-00108178 >> Well, you know, part of what I was just
p9LpwbIYahQ-00507-00108178-00108502 talking about is exciting, you know?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00508-00108502-00108660 There's a bunch of new things out there.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00509-00108660-00108822 There's some young people that are
p9LpwbIYahQ-00510-00108822-00109039 investing in the next wave of infrastructure,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00511-00109039-00109210 and so I'm looking at some of those things.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00512-00109210-00109528 And, you know, I may do a CEO thing.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00513-00109528-00109756 I've had a few opportunities like that,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00514-00109756-00110176 and I may focus more on the business development side
p9LpwbIYahQ-00515-00110176-00110408 and the investing side cause I've got a lot of experience--
p9LpwbIYahQ-00516-00110408-00110583 >> But you're looking for technology plays?
p9LpwbIYahQ-00517-00110583-00110713 >> Yeah. >> Not in the, say a me too,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00518-00110713-00110867 kind of thing-- >> No I want to do something
p9LpwbIYahQ-00519-00110867-00110977 fun and big and new. (John laughing)
p9LpwbIYahQ-00520-00110977-00111173 You know, something that has potential for super growth,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00521-00111173-00111439 and so there are a lot of those here now.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00522-00111439-00111614 So it's a--
p9LpwbIYahQ-00523-00111614-00111751 >> Well I think you made a good observation,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00524-00111751-00111913 and I think this applies to Mobile World Congress.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00525-00111913-00112122 One is it's kind of turning into an app show
p9LpwbIYahQ-00526-00112122-00112363 on one level because apps are the top of the stack.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00527-00112363-00112488 That's where the action is,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00528-00112488-00112709 whether it's an IoT app or car or something.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00529-00112709-00113058 But then there's the hard problems under the hood.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00530-00113058-00113141 >> I think that's right.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00531-00113141-00113334 And I think that's where a lot of the money's going to be.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00532-00113334-00113536 >> Yeah, and Intel's certainly done a great job.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00533-00113536-00113682 We're on the ground with Intel.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00534-00113682-00113929 We're going to have some more call-ins to analysts,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00535-00113929-00114192 and our reports on the ground at Mobile World Congress.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00536-00114192-00114510 Stay with us here at theCUBE, in Palo Alto live,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00537-00114510-00114721 in studio coverage of Mobile World Congress.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00538-00114721-00114969 We're going to be doing call-ins, folks hitting the parties,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00539-00114969-00115180 certainly hope they're a little bit looser
p9LpwbIYahQ-00540-00115180-00115289 from a couple cocktails.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00541-00115289-00115550 And Tapas went later in the night.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00542-00115550-00115646 Hopefully he had them calling in
p9LpwbIYahQ-00543-00115646-00115867 and get all the dirt, and all the stories.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00544-00115867-00115951 And from Mobile World Congress,
p9LpwbIYahQ-00545-00115951-00116098 we'll be right back with more after this short break.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00546-00116098-00116253 Thanks to Tom Joyce for coming, appreciate it.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00547-00116253-00116389 >> [Tom] Thank you too. >> Taking the time.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00548-00116389-00116494 We'll be back.
p9LpwbIYahQ-00549-00116494-00116752 (upbeat music)
p9LpwbIYahQ-00550-00117289-00117556 (elated music)
pqwUxFuqJ_o-00000-00000000-00000164 nyay all hi people
pqwUxFuqJ_o-00001-00000164-00000594 and we will do the plane for a homik today
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00000-00000066-00000297 - Now, codominance is a situation
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00001-00000299-00000985 where both alleles are expressed fully.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00002-00000987-00001272 So, in the hetero zygote, again,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00003-00001275-00001497 you have a unique phenotype.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00004-00001499-00001968 So, codominance--
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00005-00001970-00002297 you have a unique phenotype,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00006-00002299-00002985 but both alleles are expressed.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00007-00002987-00003197 I have two examples of this.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00008-00003199-00003597 First of all, you have a, like, blood type.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00009-00003600-00004039 You can have type A blood, you can have type B blood.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00010-00004041-00004301 Or you can have type AB blood.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00011-00004304-00004501 This is an example of codominance,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00012-00004504-00004918 because both A and B are dominant alleles,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00013-00004920-00005118 and if you have type AB blood,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00014-00005120-00005297 you've got both of those alleles present,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00015-00005299-00005514 you have a different phenotype
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00016-00005516-00006051 that is the full expression of both of those alleles.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00017-00006054-00006497 Another example of this is cow color.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00018-00006500-00007031 There is a cow, what, variety?
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00019-00007033-00007293 Here's my pretty little white cow,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00020-00007295-00007522 here's my pretty little red cow.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00021-00007525-00007897 You combine them together, you get a cow called a roan cow.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00022-00007899-00008160 And if you look closely,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00023-00008162-00008697 it's the expression of red cow bits and white cow bits.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00024-00008699-00009331 And that is an example of codominance.
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00025-00009333-00009493 Now, blood type,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00026-00009495-00009797 my blood type example is also an example of the next one,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00027-00009799-00010097 so let's stick with the blood type here,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00028-00010099-00010272 example, it is codominant,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00029-00010275-00010497 but it also has multiple alleles,
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00030-00010499-00010643 and let's look closer
pzgq0L0E6Fk-00031-00010645-00010999 at the genetic situation with blood typing.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00000-00000768-00001320 So I'm Margaret Gamm, head of Special Collections and Archives of the university of Iowa libraries
pCnH7GRMeX8-00001-00001320-00001760 and I would like to thank you for joining us today. I would also like to acknowledge
pCnH7GRMeX8-00002-00001760-00002248 that the University of Iowa is located on the historical homelands of over 15 tribal
pCnH7GRMeX8-00003-00002248-00002917 nations. The Omaha Tribe of Nebraska and Iowa, the Ponca tribe of Nebraska, Meskwaki and the Ho
pCnH7GRMeX8-00004-00002917-00003615 Chunk Nations continue to thrive in the state of Iowa, and we continue to acknowledge them. As an
pCnH7GRMeX8-00005-00003615-00004160 academic institution it is our responsibility to acknowledge the sovereignty and the traditional
pCnH7GRMeX8-00006-00004160-00004688 territories of these tribal nations the treaties that were used to remove these tribal nations and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00007-00004688-00005256 the histories of dispossession that have allowed for the growth of this institution since 1847.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00008-00005328-00005816 To help you start your own exploration of these histories of Iowa and its people we encourage
pCnH7GRMeX8-00009-00005816-00006248 you to take a look at the links provided in the zoom chat or in the youtube video description.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00010-00006423-00007072 Today's speakers are Damian Ihrig, Matt Regan, and Chris Childs. Damien is curator for the John
pCnH7GRMeX8-00011-00007072-00007600 Martin rare book room at the University of Iowa Libraries Hardin Library for the health sciences
pCnH7GRMeX8-00012-00007600-00008176 where he has been since 2020. Before working at Hardin Damien served as the Carver College of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00013-00008176-00008752 Medicine registrar for nine years, then worked in Special Collections and Archives while earning his
pCnH7GRMeX8-00014-00008752-00009376 master's in library science at the University of Iowa. Matt and Chris are both clinical education
pCnH7GRMeX8-00015-00009376-00010144 librarians at Hardin library. Chris is liaison to the Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00016-00010144-00010728 and the departments of anesthesia and pathology. Before coming to Hardin he was the assistant
pCnH7GRMeX8-00017-00010728-00011400 director of the Texas Tech Health Sciences Center in Odessa, Texas. Chris got his library degree
pCnH7GRMeX8-00018-00011400-00012008 at the University of North Texas. Matt has liaison responsibilities to several departments in the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00019-00012008-00012488 Carver College of Medicine and University of Iowa hospitals and clinics. He provides
pCnH7GRMeX8-00020-00012488-00013024 reference instruction and research support to faculty staff and students in his departments
pCnH7GRMeX8-00021-00013024-00013576 and serves as the technology lead for the Hardin library. welcome Damien, Chris, and Matt.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00022-00013896-00014704 Thanks. Thank you. Thank you and good evening everyone. I'm going to go ahead and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00023-00014791-00015216 kick this off. I'm just going to give a brief overview of the project
pCnH7GRMeX8-00024-00015296-00015928 and then I'm going to show some pictures that were taken last year in May,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00025-00015984-00016416 and I'm going to turn this over to Matt and he's going to talk about the technical components
pCnH7GRMeX8-00026-00016416-00016944 and talk about the creation plant records and that'll turn it over to Damien for the bulk
pCnH7GRMeX8-00027-00016944-00017560 of the presentation. So this project was started by a colleague of ours her name is Liz Kiscaden.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00028-00017560-00018216 She started this in 2018. Liz has actually moved on to another library but while she was at Hardin
pCnH7GRMeX8-00029-00018216-00018680 she actually served as the associate director of the greater midwest region of the national library
pCnH7GRMeX8-00030-00018680-00019272 of medicine. She was very enthusiastic about this project and we keep in touch with her periodically
pCnH7GRMeX8-00031-00019272-00019920 and it's kind of a shame that she's not still a proactive part of the project but it's
pCnH7GRMeX8-00032-00019920-00020336 nice that she wants to keep in touch and kind of learn about the progress as we go on.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00033-00020416-00020920 The purpose of this this, uh, the whole purpose of this project really is to create an international
pCnH7GRMeX8-00034-00020920-00021760 medicinal herbal garden outside of the new College of Pharmacy building. And visitors when the garden
pCnH7GRMeX8-00035-00021760-00022320 is complete, there'll be signs next to the plants and visitors can connect to an interactive website
pCnH7GRMeX8-00036-00022320-00022752 through the use of a QR code then get information about all the plants that are growing in the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00037-00022752-00023184 garden. There's going to be a plant record for every plant in the garden that will include
pCnH7GRMeX8-00038-00023184-00023680 images and historical information taken from digitized works from the Hardin library's John
pCnH7GRMeX8-00039-00023680-00024208 Martin rare book room and also from contemporary resources from the Hardin libraries collection
pCnH7GRMeX8-00040-00024208-00024656 and from the National Institute of Health Center for Complementary and Integrative health.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00041-00024784-00025232 so from the beginning the college of pharmacy supported the cost of establishing this garden
pCnH7GRMeX8-00042-00025232-00025656 and the plants as part of construction as part of the construction budget for their new
pCnH7GRMeX8-00043-00025760-00026256 building. the college worked with University of Iowa facilities to cover the ongoing
pCnH7GRMeX8-00044-00026256-00026768 maintenance of the garden space one of our team members Bradley Gilchrist is the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00045-00026768-00027272 administrative services specialist and building coordinator for the college of pharmacy, and so
pCnH7GRMeX8-00046-00027272-00027752 he always has been our contact for all the goings-on at the college of pharmacy
pCnH7GRMeX8-00047-00027752-00028272 and has been a fantastic liaison between team members from Hardin and the College of Pharmacy.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00048-00028424-00028968 Another team member Mark Widrlechner is an affiliate associate professor of horticulture and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00049-00028968-00029872 ecology evolution and organ organ oh i can't say this uh anyway biology from Iowa State University.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00050-00029952-00030616 We referred to him as the plant guy. His knowledge of plants is just incredibly invaluable. When
pCnH7GRMeX8-00051-00030616-00031032 the team started reviewing plants, they were identified by the landscaper to determine if they
pCnH7GRMeX8-00052-00031032-00031480 were appropriate for the purpose of the project. Really the criteria was to find plants that had
pCnH7GRMeX8-00053-00031583-00031936 additional value that could also survive in the Iowa climate.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00054-00032127-00033056 So in the fall of 2019 uh you know the planting began and one of the biggest barriers that we've
pCnH7GRMeX8-00055-00033056-00033720 encountered for this project aside from covid19 has been there were changes to the original plant
pCnH7GRMeX8-00056-00033720-00034304 list. These changes were made by the contractor. the University of Iowa contracted with a company
pCnH7GRMeX8-00057-00034304-00034960 called Confluence on all landscaping and outdoor work and Confluence in turn contracted with
pCnH7GRMeX8-00058-00034960-00035352 Forevergreen nursery on the purchase and installation of all plants in the garden.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00059-00035440-00035840 Forevergreen indicated that they were unable to obtain some of the plants on the list
pCnH7GRMeX8-00060-00035840-00036496 and at first recommended provisions which would include many plants with no medicinal values so
pCnH7GRMeX8-00061-00036496-00037016 Brad got in touch with Christa Scranton who's the senior construction project manager of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00062-00037016-00037592 the university of Iowa's facilities management landscape services who said that all the plants
pCnH7GRMeX8-00063-00037592-00038104 on the original list will either be replanted or planted for the first time and the bill will be
pCnH7GRMeX8-00064-00038104-00038720 sent to Forevergreen. So we're very grateful for her to take care of this for us and this was also
pCnH7GRMeX8-00065-00038720-00039128 confirmed by Dave Brown who's the university of Iowa's manager for landscape services.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00066-00039232-00039768 So when we were constructing the plant records and matching to go into detail about that it was
pCnH7GRMeX8-00067-00039768-00040184 a source of kind of confusion and frustration because we didn't want to create plant records
pCnH7GRMeX8-00068-00040184-00040824 for plants that we hadn't originally uh you know planned to be in the garden. So there's a lot
pCnH7GRMeX8-00069-00040824-00041312 of back and forth with that and again aside from covet 19 which kind of put all of our
pCnH7GRMeX8-00070-00041424-00041920 all the progress on this project on the back burner, that's been our biggest barrier so far
pCnH7GRMeX8-00071-00041920-00042600 but, uh it's slowly kind of resolved itself. um to add a personal touch to the medicinal
pCnH7GRMeX8-00072-00042600-00043376 herb garden another of our project members Gail Slotnick actually took some tiger lily bulbs from
pCnH7GRMeX8-00073-00043376-00043928 her own personal garden last fall with the help of Brad found a spot in the garden and planted
pCnH7GRMeX8-00074-00043928-00044504 this ball. so it kind of adds a nice touch uh in addition to the plants that were pre-selected.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00075-00044624-00045016 Once the garden is fully planted the university of Iowa gardeners have volunteered to maintain it
pCnH7GRMeX8-00076-00045016-00045824 on a regular basis. So in addition to the garden being planted another phase of the project was
pCnH7GRMeX8-00077-00045824-00046256 selecting books from the rare book room and I know Damien's going to talk about that in more detail,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00078-00046416-00047096 and we had to prioritize them for digitization. And so we worked with Bethany Davis who's the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00079-00047096-00047680 digital processing coordinator librarian at the main library to to get this process started. And
pCnH7GRMeX8-00080-00047680-00048096 we're very fortunate that several of the titles that were selected had already been digitized
pCnH7GRMeX8-00081-00048096-00048704 in other repositories, so there were only four additional titles that uh needed to be digitized.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00082-00048776-00049488 And so while that was happening Donna Hirst, who was the curator of the John Martin rare
pCnH7GRMeX8-00083-00049488-00050048 book room before she retired, uh coordinated what we call research days, and that's where
pCnH7GRMeX8-00084-00050048-00050648 you know all the team members including Mark drove down from Iowa State university in Ames as well
pCnH7GRMeX8-00085-00050752-00051216 would spend a couple hours in in the rare book room. Donna took all the books that had been
pCnH7GRMeX8-00086-00051216-00051808 selected for the project and she laid them out on various tables and everyone, every member of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00087-00051808-00052304 the team got assigned a few books. And I can't remember the exact number of books I want to say
pCnH7GRMeX8-00088-00052304-00052864 four to five and there's a sheet of paper for each book each sheet of paper had every single plant
pCnH7GRMeX8-00089-00052864-00053264 listed and we just had to go through the book to see if we could find any historical images
pCnH7GRMeX8-00090-00053344-00053952 or any historical information that we could use for you know to include in the plant records.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00091-00054016-00054591 And I have to say that we're all very appreciative of Mark's expertise because a lot of times I know
pCnH7GRMeX8-00092-00054591-00055079 I would find images and I would go Mark is this the right plant. Mark this is a great image I
pCnH7GRMeX8-00093-00055079-00055648 have no idea if we could use it, or Mark what am I looking at and he was fantastic because
pCnH7GRMeX8-00094-00055744-00056208 when I was creating my plant records I when I was looking for images for a plant that I was assigned
pCnH7GRMeX8-00095-00056208-00056576 if i saw that Mark said this is an excellent picture or an excellent
pCnH7GRMeX8-00096-00056576-00057184 historical piece of information, I would just kind of zero in on that information and use those.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00097-00057272-00057840 So he was fantastic and he saved us a lot of time and effort in getting that pertinent information.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00098-00058008-00058376 So that's kind of a brief overview of the project. We're still working on
pCnH7GRMeX8-00099-00058376-00058760 a lot of components and like I said Matt's going to talk about the technical components,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00100-00058760-00059344 and Damien's going to you know talk in detail about the books that we selected. But what I
pCnH7GRMeX8-00101-00059344-00059800 want to do if you'll bear with me for a moment um I'm going to share my screen.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00102-00060096-00060744 And I want to show you some pictures and these are pictures that Brad took
pCnH7GRMeX8-00103-00060744-00061360 May of last year with a really good nice overview of the garden so let me...
pCnH7GRMeX8-00104-00061664-00062128 okay so this is probably my favorite picture right here.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00105-00062264-00062600 I just want to double check can can someone verify they're seeing this picture?
pCnH7GRMeX8-00106-00062824-00063512 [looks good] Okay thank you. So this is an overview of the new of the medicinal garden.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00107-00063512-00063920 This is the new college of public health building um and this is kind of the main entrance here.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00108-00064000-00064879 um So these are the different stands that we used for the plants but you can see that there are also
pCnH7GRMeX8-00109-00064879-00065320 plants here as well. So this is the bulk of the medicinal garden over here. It is kind of a neat
pCnH7GRMeX8-00110-00065320-00065880 little statue that's supposed to represent a mortal and mortar and pestle, and I don't know
pCnH7GRMeX8-00111-00065880-00066328 if you can see but there's some benches here that you can, you know, kind of students and faculty
pCnH7GRMeX8-00112-00066328-00066848 can sit on and relax. So this is kind of a really nice overview of what the garden looks like.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00113-00067104-00067768 And then this is kind of a closer shot and these are some plants that that have grown. I
pCnH7GRMeX8-00114-00067768-00068288 unfortunately I don't know which plants these are but again this was taken May of last year so
pCnH7GRMeX8-00115-00068368-00069232 they're coming in pretty well. And this is kind of the same shot again. Here's the new college
pCnH7GRMeX8-00116-00069232-00069824 of public health building uh you can see the benches a little a little better in this picture
pCnH7GRMeX8-00117-00070088-00070472 And this is actually the original college of public health building as you can tell it's
pCnH7GRMeX8-00118-00070472-00071264 it's much older um it's still in use as far as I can tell um but that's kind of a view of the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00119-00071264-00072008 original building. [Do you mean college of pharmacy?] Or college of pharmacy sorry. I
pCnH7GRMeX8-00120-00072008-00072616 used to be the liaison to college of public health and i still you know get get those two mixed up.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00121-00072784-00073384 And so this is just the last picture kind of more of a picture taken closer to the ground
pCnH7GRMeX8-00122-00073384-00073768 these are just all various plants that have been growing and again these were taken of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00123-00073768-00074432 May of last year so I went um I think two or three days ago to look to see if any of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00124-00074432-00074936 anything had been coming up and really the only thing that had really been coming up were chives
pCnH7GRMeX8-00125-00075000-00075424 so I thought I'd stick with these pictures to get a little bit more variety a little bit more green.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00126-00075712-00075784 And that's
pCnH7GRMeX8-00127-00076024-00076048 uh
pCnH7GRMeX8-00128-00076360-00076664 these are all the pictures there. I'm going to go ahead and stop
pCnH7GRMeX8-00129-00076664-00077184 sharing and I will turn this over to Matt.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00130-00077408-00078096 Thanks Chris. uh so as Chris has mentioned a whole lot of work has gone into the physical
pCnH7GRMeX8-00131-00078096-00078688 construction of the garden and now it is complete. We have plants on the ground. We have a wonderful
pCnH7GRMeX8-00132-00078688-00079216 place where people can visit, and we've also done all this work to create records for
pCnH7GRMeX8-00133-00079216-00079712 each one of these plants. We've done research and the original texts in the rare book room
pCnH7GRMeX8-00134-00079808-00080512 digitizations have been done and we've also done quite a bit of research in databases that we have
pCnH7GRMeX8-00135-00080512-00081240 available at Hardin, including PubMed and doing searches and additionally in databases that deal
pCnH7GRMeX8-00136-00081240-00081920 specifically in natural medicines and compiled all this information together so at this point
pCnH7GRMeX8-00137-00081920-00082432 we have a garden. And we have all this information and the question is how do we get this information
pCnH7GRMeX8-00138-00082496-00082968 to the users, to the people who are wandering around in the garden? And really the answer
pCnH7GRMeX8-00139-00082968-00083464 to that question is a technological one so that's kind of what I'm going to be talking about today.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00140-00083552-00084112 We have been very fortunate in addition to all the partnerships that Chris mentioned, and everyone on
pCnH7GRMeX8-00141-00084112-00084712 on the team, we've also been so fortunate as to be able to partner with the Digital Scholarship and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00142-00084712-00085296 Publishing Studio which is housed at main library. And they've agreed to help us build out a website
pCnH7GRMeX8-00143-00085352-00085960 for this project and we're currently in the process of creating that website, but we do
pCnH7GRMeX8-00144-00085960-00086552 have a good chunk of it completed and I'll be able to show you a little bit of that in a bit. However
pCnH7GRMeX8-00145-00086552-00087128 I just want to take a moment to thank the Studio for their contributions because a few of the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00146-00087128-00087808 things that they bring to this project is a much more professional look to the digital presence for
pCnH7GRMeX8-00147-00087808-00088800 this project and in optimized platform that will look best on mobile phones which is really how
pCnH7GRMeX8-00148-00088800-00089256 this project is designed to be viewed. And I'll talk a little bit more about what that reason is
pCnH7GRMeX8-00149-00089320-00089992 a little bit later. As Chris mentioned COVID has slowed down many things as well as the derecho,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00150-00090160-00090680 so just like the plants had some trouble getting up out of the ground we also had some problems
pCnH7GRMeX8-00151-00090680-00091304 getting the website off the ground. However we are now in the process where we have a website
pCnH7GRMeX8-00152-00091304-00092032 mostly built and we have begun to be able to enter records into that website. It's not fully done and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00153-00092032-00092536 it's not publicly viewable but we are at a point now where i can start sharing with you
pCnH7GRMeX8-00154-00092536-00093208 some of the things that we've been working on. So I'm going to go ahead and share my screen.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00155-00093760-00094568 So this is what one record out of the website will look like. As I mentioned the Studio was able to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00156-00094568-00095200 help us create a logo for this project for the Roots of Medicine and this is just a record for
pCnH7GRMeX8-00157-00095200-00095840 may apple. so we have illustrations out of some of the books that have been digitized out of the rare
pCnH7GRMeX8-00158-00095840-00096592 book room. In each record we'll have a description of where that what that book is and links back
pCnH7GRMeX8-00159-00096592-00097184 to the John Martin rare book room. We'll have aggregates of information about the plant itself
pCnH7GRMeX8-00160-00097184-00097792 as well as some of the ways that it's been used medicinally both currently and historically, and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00161-00097792-00098616 then a specific highlight on the historic use of that particular plant, including snippets of the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00162-00098616-00099368 historic books that mention the medicinal uses of the plant and sometimes a translation of what that
pCnH7GRMeX8-00163-00099368-00099936 means. uh now some of these books like this are in English and that makes this a whole lot easier.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00164-00100056-00100616 Some of these were are in German or in Latin or very early English and can be
pCnH7GRMeX8-00165-00100616-00101224 a little bit difficult to read. I know that some of the ones I have have the f's as s's
pCnH7GRMeX8-00166-00101224-00102048 um and strange characters so we do have some translations available, and again this will
pCnH7GRMeX8-00167-00102048-00102511 all be quoted for where it's coming from and linked back to the John Martin rare book room.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00168-00102640-00103008 Now in addition to supplying our users with information on
pCnH7GRMeX8-00169-00103008-00103552 just general information on how a plant has been used, what it looks like, and what its range is,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00170-00103608-00104135 we also have want to connect them with the most current research on that particular plant.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00171-00104208-00104856 One of the nice things that this installation has allowed us to do is to bring in feeds from PubMed.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00172-00104856-00105296 Now this is something we had a little bit of trouble with in addition to all the other changes
pCnH7GRMeX8-00173-00105296-00105872 during the course of this project. we also had a complete redesign of PubMed happen, and originally
pCnH7GRMeX8-00174-00105872-00106480 we were planning to bring in this what's called an RSS feed into the site and for a long part of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00175-00106480-00107240 this project that functionality left PubMed and we didn't have it available. Luckily within the last
pCnH7GRMeX8-00176-00107304-00107832 little while it's come back and now we're able to create this again. So I'm actually going to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00177-00107832-00108472 take this opportunity to show you a little bit about how we do this as part of our research.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00178-00108552-00109400 Each of us created a search a PubMed search specifically for a plant and its medicinal uses
pCnH7GRMeX8-00179-00109400-00110056 and all we needed to do was to take that search and to plug it into PubMed. So this is an example
pCnH7GRMeX8-00180-00110056-00110848 search that I have for that for valerian and what's nice about this is if i just click search
pCnH7GRMeX8-00181-00111056-00111920 it will come up with results a particular one has 375. Now I definitely don't want that many results
pCnH7GRMeX8-00182-00111920-00112464 to appear on my website. It would be a little overwhelming, but I can create this RSS feed
pCnH7GRMeX8-00183-00112864-00112983 and I can give it a new name
pCnH7GRMeX8-00184-00113256-00113728 and I can tell it how many items I want to be displayed so if I left it at the default
pCnH7GRMeX8-00185-00113728-00114232 there would be 15 different articles out of the search displayed on the website.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00186-00114311-00114783 Instead I'm just going to change it to 5 create RSS and now I have a link
pCnH7GRMeX8-00187-00114840-00115408 and what's nice about the uh the installation that we have is I can just take this link put
pCnH7GRMeX8-00188-00115408-00116216 it into a particular functionality within that site and it automatically pulls in all of these
pCnH7GRMeX8-00189-00116296-00117088 records. What's nice about this is that these are now linked back to PubMed. So if a user is
pCnH7GRMeX8-00190-00117088-00117752 on this page and they click on the title it will take them directly into PubMed it will take them
pCnH7GRMeX8-00191-00117752-00118224 into the article and if they're on campus, which they probably will be because they're going to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00192-00118224-00118608 be at the garden, there should also be links on the right hand side here where they can get
pCnH7GRMeX8-00193-00118608-00119232 to the full text of that article as well so hopefully this will help connect people with
pCnH7GRMeX8-00194-00119232-00119720 not only the historicity of these plans but also with current medical research as well.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00195-00120032-00120472 And then I kind of just want to point out that we're all librarians so obviously we cite our
pCnH7GRMeX8-00196-00120472-00121080 references and at the end of each one of these records there is going to be a reference list.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00197-00121376-00121983 So that's where we're at now. We currently have about 15 percent of our records
pCnH7GRMeX8-00198-00122040-00122632 included in the site, but we've been working with the Studio and we have a plan in place
pCnH7GRMeX8-00199-00122632-00123144 to rapidly be able to put the remainder of the records into the site pretty quickly.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00200-00123264-00123848 I think our estimate is sometime late this spring early summer at the very latest.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00201-00123848-00124480 We should have all of the records in the site and the site should be completed and at that point
pCnH7GRMeX8-00202-00124632-00125032 our question is well now we have this digital presence how do we get the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00203-00125032-00125608 users in the garden to this website? uh that answer is also a technological one.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00204-00125759-00126383 So the answer is as Chris mentioned custom plant tags. Now I'm showing this site for a
pCnH7GRMeX8-00205-00126383-00126848 couple of reasons. One just to give you a sense of what these are I think we've all probably
pCnH7GRMeX8-00206-00126848-00127672 been into an arboretum uh or a a garden that has particular signs that say what the plants are.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00207-00127816-00128144 we've ordered one of these for each one of our plants that not only has
pCnH7GRMeX8-00208-00128256-00128872 the common and scientific name for the plant in question, it's got our logo for the roots
pCnH7GRMeX8-00209-00128872-00129416 of medicine project and it also has a QR code on it. so for those of you who
pCnH7GRMeX8-00210-00129416-00129935 aren't familiar with what QR codes are, this tag gives a little bit of example
pCnH7GRMeX8-00211-00130008-00130944 and it's essentially a graphic representation of a url or a link so that if a user is or if
pCnH7GRMeX8-00212-00130944-00131392 a visitor to the garden has their phone with them they can open up their camera,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00213-00131448-00132256 point it at the tag and it should take them directly to one of our records. Now I'm going to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00214-00132584-00133160 attempt a little experiment here because I have one of these record, one of these with us. So
pCnH7GRMeX8-00215-00133160-00133752 if you want to you can put it on speaker view get a nice big view of my face and I have a couple of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00216-00133752-00134336 these tags here and I'd like for you all to test them out so if you have your phone with you, go
pCnH7GRMeX8-00217-00134336-00134928 ahead and get it out and just turn on the camera. And I am just going to hold this up nice and close
pCnH7GRMeX8-00218-00135080-00135600 and that points your camera at that square and you should get something that pops up
pCnH7GRMeX8-00219-00135712-00136280 that will take you to the page. I see Damien's phone out he's been able to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00220-00136280-00136728 use his camera to access it. I'm just going to hold it up here for a couple more seconds
pCnH7GRMeX8-00221-00137280-00137912 Margaret Gamm says success. Fantastic, so we have one of these tags for each one of the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00222-00137912-00138456 plants in the garden. There will be about 40 of them and they will stand on one foot stakes
pCnH7GRMeX8-00223-00138456-00138848 next to the plants and anyone who is wandering through will be able to pull out their phone
pCnH7GRMeX8-00224-00138920-00139416 pointed at the tag and then immediately have a wealth of information at their fingertips.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00225-00139568-00140032 So that's really the technological piece of this, and I'm gonna pass
pCnH7GRMeX8-00226-00140032-00140408 it on to Damien for a little bit more of the the historic piece of this project.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00227-00140640-00141240 All right thanks Matt thanks Chris. I am going to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00228-00141456-00141584 share my screen real quick.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00229-00141832-00142464 well first of all thank you Margaret thank you Liz for having us here tonight. Um you
pCnH7GRMeX8-00230-00142464-00142768 know for me personally this is great to be back even if it's not in person,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00231-00142848-00143560 it's great to be back in Special Collections. um Just a little bit about us over here before we
pCnH7GRMeX8-00232-00143560-00144224 get started. So uh I'm coming to you live from the John Martin rare book room and we're housed in the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00233-00144224-00144992 Hardin library for the health sciences. um We were founded thanks to a generous donation of both a
pCnH7GRMeX8-00234-00145056-00145784 significant collection but also an endowment and funds for the room from Dr. John Martin and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00235-00145840-00146480 currently we sit at about 6500 volumes. That includes about 40 incunabula, or
pCnH7GRMeX8-00236-00146544-00147256 early printed books. When I joined here last summer I was super excited to hear about this
pCnH7GRMeX8-00237-00147256-00147840 particular project, and the fact that I'd be able to join in even if it's only at the tail
pCnH7GRMeX8-00238-00147840-00148672 end of the project I've still got to be involved and honestly, I owe a huge debt to Donna Hirst,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00239-00148672-00149480 who um as uh Matt and Chris mentioned. She did a great deal of work to get the historical piece
pCnH7GRMeX8-00240-00149480-00150144 up and running and the research going on this, but I'm also excited to be here tonight and uh share
pCnH7GRMeX8-00241-00150144-00150656 with you uh at least a brief history of herbal medicine and some of the sources that we used
pCnH7GRMeX8-00242-00150656-00151464 for this uh particular project. From the rare book room and hopefully you know everyone keeps getting
pCnH7GRMeX8-00243-00151464-00151936 their vaccinations and the world opens up a little bit here in the next year it would be great to see
pCnH7GRMeX8-00244-00151936-00152576 all of you here in person so that you can take a look at these particular resources yourself. um
pCnH7GRMeX8-00245-00152664-00153600 so uh this is John Martin rare book room or at least one glimpse from one angle. um and uh
pCnH7GRMeX8-00246-00153704-00154344 We're going to start with ancient western herbal medicine and of course this goes back
pCnH7GRMeX8-00247-00154344-00154808 a long ways pre-written history, a lot of oral tradition that would have eventually
pCnH7GRMeX8-00248-00154808-00155480 be written down. We know uh some of the big names so like Hippocrates, uh Galen, Pliny,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00249-00155600-00155880 Dioscorides, and I'm going to apologize right now for anyone
pCnH7GRMeX8-00250-00155968-00156696 who is a language aficionado. I'm going to really murder some of these names tonight
pCnH7GRMeX8-00251-00156696-00157144 and I apologize. I've tried to find some really good pronunciation guides for some
pCnH7GRMeX8-00252-00157144-00157624 of these names and uh all I can say is there's a lot of conflicting information out there,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00253-00157624-00158064 so I'm going to go with Dioscorides. If there's a better pronunciation please do let me know,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00254-00158144-00158728 but Dioscorides really is the big name in this list, very influential throughout the middle ages
pCnH7GRMeX8-00255-00158808-00159264 along with the others as well. But Dioscorides is in particular and especially once we get to the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00256-00159264-00160096 renaissance, uh his name pops back up, and we'll go into him in a little bit more detail. So again
pCnH7GRMeX8-00257-00160096-00160728 these would have been, um these writings would have been based on historical oral tradition. They
pCnH7GRMeX8-00258-00160728-00161272 may have been well known, you know, well-known information or could have been family secrets
pCnH7GRMeX8-00259-00161272-00161656 that have been passed down from family member to family member. If you're a family of healers, um
pCnH7GRMeX8-00260-00161656-00162448 you're trying to protect your trade secrets um and often it would have gone beyond just uh plants. It
pCnH7GRMeX8-00261-00162448-00163184 would have included other materials in nature so anything that could have been combined to create
pCnH7GRMeX8-00262-00163184-00163840 medicine or something to help heal milk and honey is a famous example. But also salt pops up, even
pCnH7GRMeX8-00263-00163840-00164488 gems uh pop up and collectively this would have been known as materia medica. That's a term maybe
pCnH7GRMeX8-00264-00164488-00165456 some of you are familiar with, um and Dioscorides who I mentioned before, uh he was born in
pCnH7GRMeX8-00265-00165560-00166248 around somewhere we call Turkey now and he actually created a work called materia medica,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00266-00166248-00166904 and again this is a body of of collected knowledge about healing properties um from material in the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00267-00166904-00167584 environment. And he was writing in the first century a.d and he really was the the big hitter
pCnH7GRMeX8-00268-00167688-00168464 from this group and he was a surgeon for the Roman armies during the time of Nero. And this
pCnH7GRMeX8-00269-00168464-00169192 provided him with great opportunity to travel and study a lot of the features and distribution
pCnH7GRMeX8-00270-00169256-00170064 and medicinal properties of many of the plants and minerals in the area. And so he created really
pCnH7GRMeX8-00271-00170144-00170752 really nice descriptions for about 600 plants. And again he would have been influenced by earlier
pCnH7GRMeX8-00272-00170752-00171224 written works as well, but those haven't survived. We see them referenced elsewhere but those haven't
pCnH7GRMeX8-00273-00171224-00171872 survived. So he is really the um, the big one and his arrangement wasn't necessarily what you would
pCnH7GRMeX8-00274-00171872-00172600 call systematic, but he had an entry for each plant name, uh maybe a few synonyms in different
pCnH7GRMeX8-00275-00172600-00173024 languages, and there would have been a description for the plant and where it could have been found
pCnH7GRMeX8-00276-00173024-00173464 uh and then how the plant could have been prepared in some sort of remedy. And his
pCnH7GRMeX8-00277-00173464-00174160 work would have gone into heavily influence both Western and Arab herbal medicine and then over
pCnH7GRMeX8-00278-00174160-00174848 time during the middle ages, it would have been expanded as that information spread and local
pCnH7GRMeX8-00279-00174848-00175400 traditions would have been added on to this. And we can really see the effects of that in,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00280-00175400-00175992 uh, the illustrations for particular works. Um illustrations over the middle of middle ages
pCnH7GRMeX8-00281-00175992-00176536 tended to be copies of copies of copies of copies of copies and you also start to see this layering
pCnH7GRMeX8-00282-00176536-00177024 of local lore and mythology and traditions. And so by the time you get to something like
pCnH7GRMeX8-00283-00177112-00177648 medicine, pharmaceutical in the 13th century, this is a an image from a facsimile we have here,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00284-00177760-00178488 you see a mandrake plant, an image of a mandrake plant. And you can see that's not very helpful
pCnH7GRMeX8-00285-00178488-00178912 for identifying an actual mandrake plant and if that is actually what a mandrake plant looks like
pCnH7GRMeX8-00286-00178912-00179624 that is very frightening. Equally frightening you can see the entry from Tractatus de Herbis from
pCnH7GRMeX8-00287-00179624-00180392 the early 15th century. Again I'm using mandrake plants here. Mandrake plants show up a lot.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00288-00180392-00180872 They also come in male and female varieties, so I'm sort of using that as a through line through
pCnH7GRMeX8-00289-00180872-00181416 um all the resources I'm going to show you. So you see a female mandrake plant depicted on the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00290-00181416-00182056 left and a male depicted on the right. um and uh you can tell they they don't really correspond to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00291-00182056-00182616 the actual plant they're highly stylized and they really don't help you with identifying the plant.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00292-00182776-00183496 So when we move from the manuscript tradition to the printed tradition much like other books,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00293-00183496-00183920 that manuscript tradition gets carried over into the early printed books that we see,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00294-00184096-00184600 especially you know most of the herbals that came out prior to 1500.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00295-00184600-00185168 You see this these early printed works would have been combinations of anonymous herbal
pCnH7GRMeX8-00296-00185248-00185712 manuscripts that were created during the middle ages. They themselves would have been copies and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00297-00185712-00186304 and amalgamations of different works so sources such as, uh Dioscorides again, Pliny, Hypocrites,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00298-00186304-00186896 Galen they would have been combined occasionally they would have been copied word for word, but
pCnH7GRMeX8-00299-00187000-00187688 not always. They would have been you know meshed together in different ways. Printers of early
pCnH7GRMeX8-00300-00187688-00188312 herbals essentially would just have collections of these manuscripts about and they would commission
pCnH7GRMeX8-00301-00188312-00188928 other folks to come in and then write new herbals without actually doing any research
pCnH7GRMeX8-00302-00189008-00189680 on the plants or the medicine behind them. Um, and then what you see here is uh Conrad von
pCnH7GRMeX8-00303-00189680-00190416 Megenberg's Das Buch der Natur, or book of nature, from 1475. And this is believed to be the first
pCnH7GRMeX8-00304-00190416-00191256 with known woodcuts for botanical illustrations so the first time you see woodcuts with plants. But
pCnH7GRMeX8-00305-00191464-00191824 again it was rare to have original drawings in herbals before the 16th century, so
pCnH7GRMeX8-00306-00191928-00192240 you would have seen these copies of copies and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00307-00192344-00192768 especially prior to 1530, they were nearly useless for plant identification.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00308-00192856-00193544 You get really these rough outlines of plants really reduced to these basic features, um,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00309-00193544-00194104 or stylized like what you see here. Again this is a female mandrake plant depicted here. Uh this is
pCnH7GRMeX8-00310-00194104-00194552 not what mandrake plants look like, which we will see shortly. Better illustrations
pCnH7GRMeX8-00311-00194640-00195120 that actually help you identify the plant but these books, uh you know, these early books were
pCnH7GRMeX8-00312-00195120-00195704 really meant to be reference books for folks who had little to no access to physicians. so um they
pCnH7GRMeX8-00313-00195704-00196184 weren't really for the medical community. Um so it was more based on the world of folk medicine
pCnH7GRMeX8-00314-00196352-00196784 and the printing of books helped reduce the price. What made them more accessible
pCnH7GRMeX8-00315-00196856-00197296 made the information more widely available, same thing being printed in vernacular
pCnH7GRMeX8-00316-00197296-00197824 languages instead of just Latin or Greek. So this information was trying to reach a wider audience.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00317-00198024-00198224 So once we get to the Renaissance herbal,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00318-00198328-00199008 we start to see this rejection of the traditional, traditional understandings and beliefs
pCnH7GRMeX8-00319-00199128-00199712 and a drive to revisit the ancients, to reevaluate what the ancients actually wrote
pCnH7GRMeX8-00320-00199832-00200384 and to really push against, to really focus on what's observable and to push against
pCnH7GRMeX8-00321-00200480-00200984 just accepting whatever has come before. And the first systematic attempt we see at that
pCnH7GRMeX8-00322-00200984-00201704 is uh Otto Brunfels who was a German physician. He published, uh Herbarum vivae eicones
pCnH7GRMeX8-00323-00201704-00202192 in 1530, and you can see an example of that from the Metropolitan Museum of Art here.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00324-00202384-00202936 And what he managed to do was create really accurate drawings, so these are woodcuts,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00325-00203000-00203496 of the plants. So actually observing the plants themselves
pCnH7GRMeX8-00326-00203496-00203984 and making these woodcuts based off of the the plants, and trying to make them life-size
pCnH7GRMeX8-00327-00204088-00204600 and as accurate as possible. Um and you know at the same time this is a critique
pCnH7GRMeX8-00328-00204600-00205328 of everything that has come before, and this emphasis on accuracy you,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00329-00205328-00206167 you see um going forward. So especially in folks like um Leonhart Fuchs, um Hieronymus Bach. Uh,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00330-00206167-00206744 the three of those, Bronfels, Bach and and Fuchs, are considered the fathers of German herbalism.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00331-00206800-00207384 And uh really Fuchs, which we'll see here in just a second, um his work really influenced folks to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00332-00207440-00208104 focus on the accuracy of the depiction of the plants as well as the text. However the text for
pCnH7GRMeX8-00333-00208104-00208992 Bronfels here really wasn't that great and the illustrations were were wonderful but
pCnH7GRMeX8-00334-00208992-00209488 the text wasn't great. If you were going out and trying to identify plants or use them in some way
pCnH7GRMeX8-00335-00209488-00210104 um, they his text didn't really make a distinction for localities so it was just um you know it was
pCnH7GRMeX8-00336-00210104-00210504 assumed whatever plants were in this book they grew everywhere and they grew the same way.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00337-00210752-00211480 So moving on to Leonhart Fuchs, um, he was also a German physician and he was practicing,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00338-00211623-00212304 a fervent hypocritist and a prodigious writer. The most famous of which is what you see here:
pCnH7GRMeX8-00339-00212360-00213152 De Historia Stirpium from 1542. And this is traditionally regarded as the first botanical work
pCnH7GRMeX8-00340-00213152-00213800 in which both the text and the illustrations are actually based on personal observation rather than
pCnH7GRMeX8-00341-00213800-00214408 just copying down information. So he described 400 German plants, as well as over 100 foreign
pCnH7GRMeX8-00342-00214408-00214952 ones. So you also start to see some of regional description of plants rather than just assuming
pCnH7GRMeX8-00343-00215008-00215576 everything grows everywhere. And he really did set the standard for plant descriptions,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00344-00215576-00216144 not only just the imagery but also the description of the plants as well. He went on to especially
pCnH7GRMeX8-00345-00216144-00217023 influence the Flemish fathers of of herbalism, so that'd be the Dons, Obel, and Clusius,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00346-00217128-00218032 and uh they went on to um really focus on regional plants. Um again sort of taking taking
pCnH7GRMeX8-00347-00218032-00218567 up the torch from Fuchs and um trying to again move beyond just the common assumption plants
pCnH7GRMeX8-00348-00218567-00219560 grow everywhere. And also importantly he included images, illustrations, of the artists who helped
pCnH7GRMeX8-00349-00219560-00220144 make the book. So you have the artist who took who created the images from the plants themselves,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00350-00220144-00220567 the artists who transferred them to the woodblocks and then the woodblock sculptor himself.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00351-00220719-00221223 And this also gives us a sense of the relative importance of these particular positions. You can
pCnH7GRMeX8-00352-00221223-00221976 see the sculptor got his own part of the page and so more than likely was a more esteemed profession
pCnH7GRMeX8-00353-00222112-00222319 and you can also see Fuch's
pCnH7GRMeX8-00354-00222544-00223360 mandrake there and it's actually starting to look a lot more like an actual plant. So
pCnH7GRMeX8-00355-00223360-00224000 um Dioscorides was first printed so going back to the original text was first printed in 1529
pCnH7GRMeX8-00356-00224088-00224600 and then there were lots and lots of additions after that. I think 1598 is considered
pCnH7GRMeX8-00357-00224600-00225304 the standard one, but in the meantime, uh Pietro Mattioli from Italy, uh, created his
pCnH7GRMeX8-00358-00225304-00226008 commentaries on Dioscorides in 1544. This one in in his native Italian. However there were
pCnH7GRMeX8-00359-00226008-00226848 at least 36 editions. Many many different languages and his goal was he tried to identify
pCnH7GRMeX8-00360-00226848-00227312 as conclusively as possible the plants that were described in Dioscorides, so he was going back to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00361-00227312-00227928 the original text and trying to figure out what plants Dioscorides was actually talking about.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00362-00228008-00228688 uh so Mattioli himself was a doctor and a naturalist. He interestingly enough,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00363-00228688-00229336 he described the first case of cat allergy that we know of. He was a careful student of botany
pCnH7GRMeX8-00364-00229432-00230128 and in addition to identifying the original plants to Dioscorides, he actually added about 100 of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00365-00230128-00230832 his own that he observed. And what was really interesting about that is that not all of them
pCnH7GRMeX8-00366-00230832-00231656 have medicinal properties, so it marked this transition period from only focusing on plants
pCnH7GRMeX8-00367-00231656-00232152 in a medicinal sense to really thinking about plants in their own right, for their own reasons,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00368-00232264-00232623 rather than only in a medicinal context. So you're starting to see,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00369-00232784-00233544 you know, botany as a field starts to develop. In addition the woodcuts, which are not in this
pCnH7GRMeX8-00370-00233544-00234176 first edition, so there are some really nice illustrated initials, but there aren't any plant
pCnH7GRMeX8-00371-00234328-00234919 illustrations in here. They're very high standard and they really did allow for recognition of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00372-00234919-00235471 plant even if the text was obscure and we can start to see that in this Latin translation
pCnH7GRMeX8-00373-00235471-00236208 from 1554, and again I've got the mandrake plants here, and these woodcuts are pretty amazing.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00374-00236352-00237064 And not only that but his translations-- so Mattioli himself was kind of a big name already.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00375-00237064-00237919 um He was a big name as a doctor but this really uh, these works, his translations,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00376-00237919-00238384 uh really made him even a bigger name. And these works were huge at this time,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00377-00238471-00239128 so his translations uh were very popular, uh very well received. Part of it was his
pCnH7GRMeX8-00378-00239128-00239584 reputation, like I said part of it was his ability to translate into the vernacular,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00379-00239656-00240240 but also his extensive commentaries on the entries. These were all factors in the very
pCnH7GRMeX8-00380-00240240-00241080 rapid and wide acceptance of his translations. Notable also were I mean his acceptance of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00381-00241080-00241808 classical writers as authoritative. An addition of illustrations to later works such as this one,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00382-00241984-00242719 including a German edition that we have from 1626, and you can see this one has been heavily painted
pCnH7GRMeX8-00383-00242848-00243560 and the first German edition was actually published in 1562 and then it just kept
pCnH7GRMeX8-00384-00243560-00244136 going. It was published well into the 18th century, so this is a an edition from 1626.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00385-00244344-00244896 So going back to Dodoens, uh again Flemish doctor.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00386-00245071-00245640 He went on to study medicine at different places in France, Italy, Germany, but eventually made it
pCnH7GRMeX8-00387-00245640-00246392 back to his hometown and where he was made town physician. And in 1554 he published
pCnH7GRMeX8-00388-00246512-00247176 Cruydboek. It was a national herbarium devoted to uh species indigenous to the Flemish provinces,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00389-00247176-00247800 so again you're talking about the more of a local, uh, regional influence there. And
pCnH7GRMeX8-00390-00247800-00248584 really the merit of this particular book was rather than proceeding by alphabetical order
pCnH7GRMeX8-00391-00248584-00249048 as Fuchs had done through the plants, he tried to group them according to their properties,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00392-00249160-00249840 which was a first. And it was illustrated with more than 850 quarter page woodcuts
pCnH7GRMeX8-00393-00249928-00250160 of plants in the text which you can see the mandrake plant there.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00394-00250264-00250967 And actually what you're seeing here is the English translation of a French translation by
pCnH7GRMeX8-00395-00251112-00251719 the other one of the other Flemish doctors at the time Clusius. So in 1578 this was an English
pCnH7GRMeX8-00396-00251719-00252376 translation that came out and we were pretty excited because when we got this copy there were
pCnH7GRMeX8-00397-00252432-00252976 botanical specimens interleaved in the pages, and so those have been removed and encapsulated. We
pCnH7GRMeX8-00398-00252976-00253336 keep them uh with the book now which that was, that was pretty exciting to find those in there.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00399-00253552-00254128 And so for those of you who are avid readers of the friends of the John Martin rare book room
pCnH7GRMeX8-00400-00254128-00254552 newsletter, which I'm sure there are many, uh you will definitely notice this book from last month.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00401-00254648-00255440 This is Adam Lonicer, or Lonitzer, uh work Kreuterbuch from 1587. uh Lonicer was a doctor
pCnH7GRMeX8-00402-00255440-00256176 and a proof reader for his father-in-law who just happened to be a printer. And this was sort of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00403-00256176-00256992 at the beginning of his career and he loved to write on math and botany and medicine of course,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00404-00257104-00257967 and so eventually his father-in-law had him write this book. This text covers uh three parts of what
pCnH7GRMeX8-00405-00257967-00258496 would have known as the the natural world at that point. And uh it really tries to find a very wide
pCnH7GRMeX8-00406-00258496-00259216 audience. It's trying to um direct its remarks to both uh physicians and apothecaries, and I'll
pCnH7GRMeX8-00407-00259216-00259880 get into those distinctions a little bit. And then both, and then um, just regular households as well
pCnH7GRMeX8-00408-00259880-00260528 so a very wide audience for this particular book. But the emphasis on how to use parts from the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00409-00260528-00261071 animals was plants and minerals things from the environment to produce medicinal, gastronomical,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00410-00261071-00261608 or other household preparations. He's got a really big section in here on on distillation.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00411-00261800-00262119 And he also provides us one of the early descriptions of local German flora,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00412-00262192-00262584 and uh he's also one of the first to distinguish deciduous trees from
pCnH7GRMeX8-00413-00262584-00263216 conifers. And you can see this is another example of painted illustrations, and this would have,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00414-00263336-00263752 this would have added cost. uh Some printers would have had them pre-painted,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00415-00263752-00264120 uh most would have been unpainted and they would have been sold that way and then
pCnH7GRMeX8-00416-00264120-00264552 you know whoever bought the book-- however they had the book bound whether it was pre-bound or
pCnH7GRMeX8-00417-00264552-00264920 whether they you know went to their own binder, they would have also decided if
pCnH7GRMeX8-00418-00264920-00265416 they wanted to have it painted. But definitely the making of the illustrations at this time,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00419-00265416-00265816 they would have kept them fairly, you know, broad outlined because the assumption was
pCnH7GRMeX8-00420-00265816-00266184 if somebody was buying this there's a good chance they would go out and have it painted.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00421-00266488-00267296 So Gerard created this herbal in 1597. You see the 1633 edition here, the second edition,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00422-00267432-00268088 and this was meant to be uh really the first major English herbal. And
pCnH7GRMeX8-00423-00268192-00268824 it was really the most influential English herbal for years and years and years. This was another
pCnH7GRMeX8-00424-00268824-00269528 publisher-led printing so you know the the printer wanted to have this done and ended up renting wood
pCnH7GRMeX8-00425-00269528-00270072 blocks from another printer in Germany, and in fact kept them for many many many many years
pCnH7GRMeX8-00426-00270072-00270472 beyond when they were supposed to, even though the printer kept asking from the back because of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00427-00270472-00271272 course, um, that was pretty common to share images across books. But they also wanted to print their
pCnH7GRMeX8-00428-00271272-00271904 own herbals again and so they wanted the blocks back. So this printer went out and hired an
pCnH7GRMeX8-00429-00271904-00272472 author who just happened to die before they could finish the book, so Gerard was eventually hired
pCnH7GRMeX8-00430-00272560-00273136 and then l'Obel who I mentioned before, who was a Flemish doctor and herbalist was hired for the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00431-00273136-00273712 editing and correcting. So Gerard was a barber surgeon, so three of the big medical groups at
pCnH7GRMeX8-00432-00273712-00274304 the time were barber surgeons, apothecaries, and physicians. And they all approached medicine in
pCnH7GRMeX8-00433-00274304-00274848 different ways and you can kind of think of them as street gangs at this time because they all um,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00434-00274848-00275264 they all tried to sort of carve out their territory and protect their territory.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00435-00275440-00275872 And so Gerard was a barber surgeon. He was also a botanist and an herbalist and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00436-00276072-00276864 he actually maintained a very large herbal garden in London where he lived. But he's best known for
pCnH7GRMeX8-00437-00276864-00277576 the almost 1500 pages of the illustrated herbal here. First printed in 1597,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00438-00277632-00278304 um, and again it was very widely circulated in the 17th century. But what you see here is the second
pCnH7GRMeX8-00439-00278304-00278984 edition and what's really interesting about the second edition is that the widow and other family
pCnH7GRMeX8-00440-00278984-00279656 members of the original printer caught wind that another English herbalist Parkinson was going to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00441-00279744-00280624 create uh something to rival Gerard's and so they scrambled to find somebody who would um create an
pCnH7GRMeX8-00442-00280624-00281288 updated edition of the herbal. And so they hired Thomas Johnson who was a well-known apothecary
pCnH7GRMeX8-00443-00281392-00281888 in in London and a botanist. And uh he was hired, but he was told he had that he had to complete
pCnH7GRMeX8-00444-00281888-00282760 this work in a year which he did, uh which is pretty amazing. It um it really again became the
pCnH7GRMeX8-00445-00282760-00283424 the standard along with Parkinson's book for English herbal books and an interesting twist
pCnH7GRMeX8-00446-00283424-00284064 to this is that Johnson, being an apothecary, again one of those street gangs, he was very
pCnH7GRMeX8-00447-00284064-00284696 interested in this project and you can see some of this reflected in his sort of historical
pCnH7GRMeX8-00448-00284816-00285480 reminiscences in the start of the book. He treats it as a chance to really take Gerard down a notch
pCnH7GRMeX8-00449-00285536-00286240 because Gerard again is a barber surgeon and you see some of this throughout other books as well.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00450-00286384-00287088 But this new edition ended up with almost 2800 wood block prints. Again these were borrowed
pCnH7GRMeX8-00451-00287088-00287704 from another printer and really became even bigger than the original edition.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00452-00287920-00288488 So during this time standards for plant description, so the actual description
pCnH7GRMeX8-00453-00288488-00289168 of the plants, became clear. There was more detail. You started to see maybe an
pCnH7GRMeX8-00454-00289168-00289792 inkling of standardized vocabulary, some location information was being added. There were still lots
pCnH7GRMeX8-00455-00289792-00290456 of synonyms though and not necessarily genus or species or any kind of variety
pCnH7GRMeX8-00456-00290512-00291080 distinctions. Plants were classified in different ways in these books so you might have plants
pCnH7GRMeX8-00457-00291080-00291624 classified by medical properties or morphological, how they might be used, and etymological.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00458-00291824-00292408 But really once you get to Fuchs, that really is the standard for the time and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00459-00292504-00292912 the images and the text were taken from observation. And so that really became
pCnH7GRMeX8-00460-00292912-00293584 the method. Past that point uh you also started to see smaller books, octavos. Uh this was again
pCnH7GRMeX8-00461-00293584-00294024 to try and reach wider audiences. This became a compromise you're trying to reach more folks.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00462-00294096-00294608 But the images couldn't be life-size anymore so it becomes a little harder to use because
pCnH7GRMeX8-00463-00294608-00295192 the best detail would be in the in the larger images. You also saw some of the same issues of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00464-00295192-00295984 plagiarism competition that you saw in other uh areas of printing in the 16th 17th centuries,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00465-00295984-00296608 especially the printer for Brunfel's and the printer for Lonicer. They were both kind of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00466-00296608-00297224 notorious, especially um the printer for for Lonicer whose name was Egenolph. Um he was
pCnH7GRMeX8-00467-00297224-00297888 really well known as someone who would take other people's stuff without crediting them. Um and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00468-00297888-00298584 again copying of illustrations was very standard. In fact you can find, um you can find the same
pCnH7GRMeX8-00469-00298584-00299128 illustrations just reversed in other books because they would have, you know, copied the images
pCnH7GRMeX8-00470-00299128-00299624 and then um go to print them and they would have been reversed then uh when they went to do that.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00471-00300200-00300704 You know it also shouldn't be assumed that this was really good information for the time,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00472-00300704-00301024 but it shouldn't be assuming this information was really accurate or great.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00473-00301192-00301616 It was the best they had at the time and could be very useful,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00474-00301616-00302080 but it wouldn't necessarily be what we would consider very useful. And we found this out,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00475-00302080-00302432 or you know, Matt and Chris and the others found this out as they were doing their research.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00476-00302496-00302928 You might have a plant labeled in a particular way or described in a particular way, but it
pCnH7GRMeX8-00477-00302928-00303592 wasn't actually the species or the specific plant that they were looking for. But again for the time
pCnH7GRMeX8-00478-00303648-00304432 these were the gold standard over time. However, uh herbals, specifically herbals, began to take on
pCnH7GRMeX8-00479-00304432-00305296 more of the occult and really stray. It again from mostly useful plant and medical descriptions and
pCnH7GRMeX8-00480-00305376-00305992 that's where we come to someone like Nicholas Culpepper who sort of became a brand name.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00481-00306104-00306776 So he was a doctor. He had extensive medical background. From a reading he served a couple
pCnH7GRMeX8-00482-00306776-00307400 of apprenticeships with apothecaries. He started out as a physician astrologer which really wasn't
pCnH7GRMeX8-00483-00307536-00308160 all that unheard of at the time, and he you know had a very large practice.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00484-00308160-00308672 He gathered a lot of fame for himself you know. We would consider his works,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00485-00308672-00309216 we would consider him a quack and his works to be, you know, not very sound scientifically,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00486-00309216-00309864 but he also was a prolific translator. So he translated a lot of notable scientific works
pCnH7GRMeX8-00487-00309976-00310744 into English and other languages. Authors such as Galen, Sennert, Riolan, and Glisson. And
pCnH7GRMeX8-00488-00310824-00311488 again going back to that sort of turf war between all of these groups, uh the physicians were very
pCnH7GRMeX8-00489-00311488-00312120 shocked and angered when he went and published an English translation of the Latin pharmacopoeia.
pCnH7GRMeX8-00490-00312296-00312784 And again these were trade secrets and by keeping in Latin, it restricted the number of people
pCnH7GRMeX8-00491-00312784-00313152 who could actually have access to this information. But he went and translated
pCnH7GRMeX8-00492-00313152-00313624 it all into English and made it much more widely available to the uh to folks who spoke English,
pCnH7GRMeX8-00493-00313688-00314480 read English, and he did that again with one or two other books as well, trying to knock down
pCnH7GRMeX8-00494-00314480-00314992 those walls and create more access and create a name for himself. What you see here is an
pCnH7GRMeX8-00495-00314992-00315840 edition from 1789. So again well after his death you know people took up his name and began to
pCnH7GRMeX8-00496-00315920-00316696 print updated editions of his work. Very nice, very small but very lovely uh printed images of
pCnH7GRMeX8-00497-00316696-00317336 plants in the books. But the plant descriptions themselves were definitely not very helpful. Um
pCnH7GRMeX8-00498-00317400-00317968 I will also say I will I will end there because I know we're running out of time. We don't have time
pCnH7GRMeX8-00499-00317968-00319032 for questions but I also say that we have several uh editions of late modern medical botany books
pCnH7GRMeX8-00500-00319032-00319568 so these would have evolved more into what, you know, starting to look more what we think of when
pCnH7GRMeX8-00501-00319568-00320144 we think of botany books. So more systematic study of plants and their descriptions and we
pCnH7GRMeX8-00502-00320144-00320896 also use those as a part of this project. So I will stop there and we can take some questions.
pE1imcaectE-00000-00004303-00004403 On an old violin, gentlemen I'll play my life for you
pE1imcaectE-00001-00004403-00004613 How quickly the years melted Which I will not repeat again.
pE1imcaectE-00002-00004613-00004713 Tramp street violinist I will touch with notes of the heart
pE1imcaectE-00003-00004713-00004813 I'll play a laugh, I'll play a cry And the pain that never ends.
pE1imcaectE-00004-00004813-00004913 I'm drunk today gentlemen But it's not a problem at all
pE1imcaectE-00005-00004913-00005013 I will only touch the violin strings, The head will instantly become clear.
pE1imcaectE-00006-00005013-00005113 I will play autumn and spring Sadness, smile, children's laughter,
pE1imcaectE-00007-00005113-00005213 How I took off and went to the bottom How I spent my soul on the wrong ones.
pE1imcaectE-00008-00005213-00005313 And everyone is in my music He will hear notes about himself,
pE1imcaectE-00009-00005313-00005413 After all, there are similar tones Everyone has their destiny.
pE1imcaectE-00010-00005413-00005621 I'll play my life for you I will open my souls,
pE1imcaectE-00011-00005621-00005801 Tired street violinist Will play laughter, play cry.
pE1imcaectE-00012-00005801-00006995 I will play so that the silence I will silence too
pE1imcaectE-00014-00010784-00010900 On an old violin, gentlemen I'll play my life for you
pE1imcaectE-00017-00025248-00026549 I will only touch the violin strings, The head will instantly become clear.
pE1imcaectE-00018-00026549-00027351 I'll play my life for you I will open my souls,
pE1imcaectE-00019-00027351-00029474 Tired street violinist Will play laughter, play cry.
pFzZg5AY9L0-00000-00011914-00012082 Subscribe to our channel
pFYUGXkqY9E-00000-00000432-00000784 Hello there, my name is Eliar. I’m a project manager 
pFYUGXkqY9E-00001-00000784-00001096 with a desire to become a program manager one day.
pFYUGXkqY9E-00002-00001096-00001664 My soft and hard skills include writing terms of reference for the team, 
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pJaynUuT8ek-00000-00000730-00000830 OF THE LARGEST HOUSING
pJaynUuT8ek-00001-00000830-00000837 OF THE LARGEST HOUSING  
pJaynUuT8ek-00002-00000837-00000944 OF THE LARGEST HOUSING DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS HE HAS SEEN
pJaynUuT8ek-00003-00000944-00000950 OF THE LARGEST HOUSING DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS HE HAS SEEN  
pJaynUuT8ek-00004-00000950-00001014 OF THE LARGEST HOUSING DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS HE HAS SEEN IN BRAINERD IN OVER 40 YEARS.j■]
pJaynUuT8ek-00005-00001014-00001264 DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS HE HAS SEEN IN BRAINERD IN OVER 40 YEARS.j■]  
pJaynUuT8ek-00006-00001027-00001091 ZN BRAINERD IN OVER 40 YEARS.j■]
pJaynUuT8ek-00007-00001091-00001334 ZN BRAINERD IN OVER 40 YEARS.j■]  
pJaynUuT8ek-00008-00001104-00001264 ZN BRAINERD IN O■NR 40 YEARS.j■]
pJaynUuT8ek-00009-00001264-00001398 ZN BRAINERD IN O■NR 40 YEARS.j■]  
pJaynUuT8ek-00010-00001271-00001334 A NEW STUDY AT CENTRAL LAKES
pJaynUuT8ek-00011-00001334-00001341 A NEW STUDY AT CENTRAL LAKES  
pJaynUuT8ek-00012-00001341-00001398 A NEW STUDY AT CENTRAL LAKES COLLEGE-STAPLES CAMPUS ON
pJaynUuT8ek-00013-00001398-00001404 A NEW STUDY AT CENTRAL LAKES COLLEGE-STAPLES CAMPUS ON  
pJaynUuT8ek-00014-00001404-00001468 A NEW STUDY AT CENTRAL LAKES COLLEGE-STAPLES CAMPUS ON EDIBLE BEAN PRODUCTION NOW HAS
pJaynUuT8ek-00015-00001468-00001474 COLLEGE-STAPLES CAMPUS ON EDIBLE BEAN PRODUCTION NOW HAS  
pJaynUuT8ek-00016-00001474-00001538 COLLEGE-STAPLES CAMPUS ON EDIBLE BEAN PRODUCTION NOW HAS THE GREEN LIGHT, THANKS TO A
pJaynUuT8ek-00017-00001538-00001544 EDIBLE BEAN PRODUCTION NOW HAS THE GREEN LIGHT, THANKS TO A  
pJaynUuT8ek-00018-00001544-00001881 EDIBLE BEAN PRODUCTION NOW HAS THE GREEN LIGHT, THANKS TO A GRANT FROM THE MINNESOTA
pJaynUuT8ek-00019-00001881-00001888 THE GREEN LIGHT, THANKS TO A GRANT FROM THE MINNESOTA  
pJaynUuT8ek-00020-00001888-00001948 THE GREEN LIGHT, THANKS TO A GRANT FROM THE MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
pJaynUuT8ek-00021-00001948-00001955 GRANT FROM THE MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.  
pJaynUuT8ek-00022-00001955-00002025 GRANT FROM THE MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. THE $36,000 SPECIALTY CROP BLOCK
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pJaynUuT8ek-00024-00002032-00002365 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. THE $36,000 SPECIALTY CROP BLOCK GRANT WILL HELP FUND A STUDY TO
pJaynUuT8ek-00025-00002365-00002372 THE $36,000 SPECIALTY CROP BLOCK GRANT WILL HELP FUND A STUDY TO  
pJaynUuT8ek-00026-00002372-00002439 THE $36,000 SPECIALTY CROP BLOCK GRANT WILL HELP FUND A STUDY TO EXPLORE INCREASING EFFICIENCY IN
pJaynUuT8ek-00027-00002439-00002445 GRANT WILL HELP FUND A STUDY TO EXPLORE INCREASING EFFICIENCY IN  
pJaynUuT8ek-00028-00002445-00002502 GRANT WILL HELP FUND A STUDY TO EXPLORE INCREASING EFFICIENCY IN EDIBLE BEAN PRODUCTION.
pJaynUuT8ek-00029-00002502-00002509 EXPLORE INCREASING EFFICIENCY IN EDIBLE BEAN PRODUCTION.  
pJaynUuT8ek-00030-00002509-00002572 EXPLORE INCREASING EFFICIENCY IN EDIBLE BEAN PRODUCTION. THE STUDY IS A QUOTE TWO-FOLD
pJaynUuT8ek-00031-00002572-00002579 EDIBLE BEAN PRODUCTION. THE STUDY IS A QUOTE TWO-FOLD  
pJaynUuT8ek-00032-00002579-00003136 EDIBLE BEAN PRODUCTION. THE STUDY IS A QUOTE TWO-FOLD EXPERIENCE THAT DETERMINES
pJaynUuT8ek-00033-00003136-00003143 THE STUDY IS A QUOTE TWO-FOLD EXPERIENCE THAT DETERMINES  
pJaynUuT8ek-00034-00003143-00003473 THE STUDY IS A QUOTE TWO-FOLD EXPERIENCE THAT DETERMINES THE EFFECT OF VARYING FURRO
pJaynUuT8ek-00035-00003473-00003480 EXPERIENCE THAT DETERMINES THE EFFECT OF VARYING FURRO  
pJaynUuT8ek-00036-00003480-00003840 EXPERIENCE THAT DETERMINES THE EFFECT OF VARYING FURRO APPLICATIONS AS WELL AS VARYING
pJaynUuT8ek-00037-00003840-00003847 THE EFFECT OF VARYING FURRO APPLICATIONS AS WELL AS VARYING  
pJaynUuT8ek-00038-00003847-00003900 THE EFFECT OF VARYING FURRO APPLICATIONS AS WELL AS VARYING TOP DRESS APPLICATION OF
pJaynUuT8ek-00039-00003900-00003907 APPLICATIONS AS WELL AS VARYING TOP DRESS APPLICATION OF  
pJaynUuT8ek-00040-00003907-00003970 APPLICATIONS AS WELL AS VARYING TOP DRESS APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS, AND ITS EFFECT ON
pJaynUuT8ek-00041-00003970-00003977 TOP DRESS APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS, AND ITS EFFECT ON  
pJaynUuT8ek-00042-00003977-00004157 TOP DRESS APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS, AND ITS EFFECT ON YIELD.
pJaynUuT8ek-00043-00004157-00004164 FERTILIZERS, AND ITS EFFECT ON YIELD.  
pJaynUuT8ek-00044-00004164-00004367 FERTILIZERS, AND ITS EFFECT ON YIELD. >> IT FOCUSES ON APPLICATIONS,
pJaynUuT8ek-00045-00004367-00004374 YIELD. >> IT FOCUSES ON APPLICATIONS,  
pJaynUuT8ek-00046-00004374-00004584 YIELD. >> IT FOCUSES ON APPLICATIONS, SO THAT'S A FERTILIZER TREATMENT
pJaynUuT8ek-00047-00004584-00004591 >> IT FOCUSES ON APPLICATIONS, SO THAT'S A FERTILIZER TREATMENT  
pJaynUuT8ek-00048-00004591-00004854 >> IT FOCUSES ON APPLICATIONS, SO THAT'S A FERTILIZER TREATMENT THAT GOES ON TOP AND YOU INCLUDE
pJaynUuT8ek-00049-00004854-00004861 SO THAT'S A FERTILIZER TREATMENT THAT GOES ON TOP AND YOU INCLUDE  
pJaynUuT8ek-00050-00004861-00005034 SO THAT'S A FERTILIZER TREATMENT THAT GOES ON TOP AND YOU INCLUDE IT WITH YOUR SEEDS WHEN YOU
pJaynUuT8ek-00051-00005034-00005041 THAT GOES ON TOP AND YOU INCLUDE IT WITH YOUR SEEDS WHEN YOU  
pJaynUuT8ek-00052-00005041-00005465 THAT GOES ON TOP AND YOU INCLUDE IT WITH YOUR SEEDS WHEN YOU PLANT IT, AND AND AS THE BEANS
pJaynUuT8ek-00053-00005465-00005472 IT WITH YOUR SEEDS WHEN YOU PLANT IT, AND AND AS THE BEANS  
pJaynUuT8ek-00054-00005472-00005682 IT WITH YOUR SEEDS WHEN YOU PLANT IT, AND AND AS THE BEANS COME UP WE WANT TO LOOK AT
pJaynUuT8ek-00055-00005682-00005689 PLANT IT, AND AND AS THE BEANS COME UP WE WANT TO LOOK AT  
pJaynUuT8ek-00056-00005689-00006299 PLANT IT, AND AND AS THE BEANS COME UP WE WANT TO LOOK AT APPLICATIONS OF FERTILIZER
pKPDDhciqz0-00000-00000000-00000200 i5-13600K vs r7-5800x3D GTA 5 RTX 3090
pLW6p1AqoHk-00000-00000386-00001133 The woman known to history as Hatshepsut was born in Ancient Egypt in approximately 1507
pLW6p1AqoHk-00001-00001133-00001251 BC.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00002-00001251-00001872 Her father was Thutmose I, a Pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty who ruled mainly from the city
pLW6p1AqoHk-00003-00001872-00002457 of Thebes, which is now in the modern city of Luxor on the River Nile, 500 miles south
pLW6p1AqoHk-00004-00002457-00002689 of the Mediterranean Sea.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00005-00002689-00003272 Thutmose I was a renowned military leader and oversaw the vast expansion of the Ancient
pLW6p1AqoHk-00006-00003272-00003845 Egyptian Empire eastwards into the Levant and southwards into Nubia, now northern Sudan
pLW6p1AqoHk-00007-00003845-00004000 and southern Egypt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00008-00004000-00004615 He was likely the son of the previous Pharaoh, Amenhotep I, and a secondary wife, but the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00009-00004615-00005116 Egyptians did not create family trees so identifying blood relations can be difficult.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00010-00005116-00005812 Her mother was Ahmose, the principal wife of Thutmose I but it is not known who Ahmose’s
pLW6p1AqoHk-00011-00005812-00006387 parents were, although it is highly likely that she was born into the royal family.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00012-00006387-00006926 Egyptologists have argued that she was the daughter of Pharaoh Amenhotep I, making her
pLW6p1AqoHk-00013-00006926-00007572 the sister and wife of Thutmose, something that was common within the royal family, however
pLW6p1AqoHk-00014-00007572-00008132 she was never given the title of King’s Daughter, instead, she was referred to as
pLW6p1AqoHk-00015-00008132-00008682 the King’s Sister, suggesting she was the sister of either Amenhotep’ or Thutmose.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00016-00008682-00009370 Ahmose and her husband Thutmose I had two daughters - the eldest of whom was Hatshepsut
pLW6p1AqoHk-00017-00009370-00009895 - and no surviving sons, which would become a problem for the dynasty.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00018-00009895-00010219 Hatshepsut was only the second historically confirmed woman to rule Egypt with the full
pLW6p1AqoHk-00019-00010219-00010319 titles and power of a Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00020-00010319-00010872 She belonged to the 18th Dynasty which ran from 1507 BC to 1458 BC and she ruled for
pLW6p1AqoHk-00021-00010872-00011036 over two decades, from 1478 BC to 1458 BC.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00022-00011036-00011299 Hatshepsut lived over 3,500 years ago and to put into perspective how long the period
pLW6p1AqoHk-00023-00011299-00011436 of Ancient Egyptian history is, Hatshepsut lived over 1,000 years after the building
pLW6p1AqoHk-00024-00011436-00011988 of the Pyramids of Giza and 100 years before Tutankhamun, 200 years before Ramesses and
pLW6p1AqoHk-00025-00011988-00012372 1,400 years before the most famous female Pharaoh, Cleopatra.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00026-00012372-00012878 Little is known about Hatshepsut’s childhood but her name, which means “Foremost of Noble
pLW6p1AqoHk-00027-00012878-00013135 Ladies”, highlighted her prominent position within the royal family.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00028-00013135-00013558 She certainly would have had important royal duties to fulfil, including being involved
pLW6p1AqoHk-00029-00013558-00013658 in religious rituals.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00030-00013658-00013863 She was known to worship the cow goddess Hathor in particular, who was the goddess of love,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00031-00013863-00014125 beauty, music, dancing, fertility and pleasure and was also the protector of women.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00032-00014125-00014547 There were 42 state gods and goddesses in total in the Ancient Egyptian Religion, the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00033-00014547-00015247 most important of which was Amun-Ra, the sun god, creator who was later seen as king of
pLW6p1AqoHk-00034-00015247-00015347 the gods.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00035-00015347-00015734 As the eldest daughter of the Pharaoh, Hatshepsut would have been expected to marry the next
pLW6p1AqoHk-00036-00015734-00015994 Pharaoh - a tradition which aimed to keep the royal bloodline “pure”.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00037-00015994-00016154 And so at around the age of 12, she married her half-brother Thutmose II, becoming his
pLW6p1AqoHk-00038-00016154-00016254 principal wife.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00039-00016254-00016440 As Thutmose II was younger than Hatshepsut, she perhaps took over the reins of power in
pLW6p1AqoHk-00040-00016440-00017004 her husband’s name when their father, Thutmose I, died in 1493 BC.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00042-00034925-00035536 was already 17 centuries old as legendary king, Menes, had first ruled a unified Egypt
pLW6p1AqoHk-00043-00035536-00035935 in around 3100 BC.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00044-00035935-00036432 As it is today, the land of Ancient Egypt was made habitable by the River Nile which
pLW6p1AqoHk-00045-00036432-00036991 cut through the desert and gave the names to the two regions of Egypt: Upper Egypt (which
pLW6p1AqoHk-00046-00036991-00037544 was up river in the south) and Lower Egypt, (down river in the north, around the Nile
pLW6p1AqoHk-00047-00037544-00037684 Delta region).
pLW6p1AqoHk-00048-00037684-00038209 The King (or Pharaoh) ruled both regions, with the title of King of Upper and Lower
pLW6p1AqoHk-00049-00038209-00038513 Egypt, Lord of the Two Lands.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00050-00038513-00038784 But there were distinct differences between the two areas.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00051-00038784-00039478 They had different protector goddesses - Nekhbet the vulture goddess in Upper Egypt and Wadjet
pLW6p1AqoHk-00052-00039478-00039740 the cobra goddess in Lower Egypt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00053-00039740-00040244 The regions were also represented by different symbols - the lotus for the Upper and the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00054-00040244-00040712 papyrus for the Lower, which were often tied together to symbolise unity.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00055-00040712-00041269 In those periods when Upper and Lower Egypt were united, there was huge prosperity and
pLW6p1AqoHk-00056-00041269-00041750 astonishing cultural achievement, they were true golden ages.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00057-00041750-00042656 The first golden age occurred during the period of the Old Kingdom (2649 BC - 2100 BC) - this
pLW6p1AqoHk-00058-00042656-00042891 was the age of the pyramids.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00059-00042891-00043397 Disintegration and competing dynastic families brought this golden age to a temporary end
pLW6p1AqoHk-00060-00043397-00044341 - a period called the First Intermediate Period from 2181 BC to 2055 BC.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00061-00044341-00045163 The Middle Kingdom from 2030 BC to 1650 BC was the second golden age - a time when Egyptian
pLW6p1AqoHk-00062-00045163-00045394 culture and literature flourished.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00063-00045394-00046108 This period of growth had begun with the reunification of Upper and Lower Egypt by Mentuhotep II,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00064-00046108-00046524 however the beginning of the end of the Middle Kingdom was caused by a break in the royal
pLW6p1AqoHk-00065-00046524-00046638 line.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00066-00046638-00047306 Female Pharaoh Sobekneferu died in 1802 BC without any heirs, resulting in the collapse
pLW6p1AqoHk-00067-00047306-00047550 of the successful 12th dynasty.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00068-00047550-00047887 The next two dynasties, which overlapped, proved weak.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00069-00047887-00048481 The 13th dynasty was forced to retreat southwards towards Memphis and failed to prevent a breakaway
pLW6p1AqoHk-00070-00048481-00048640 dynasty forming.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00071-00048640-00049293 The breakaway 14th dynasty reigned separately over the Nile Delta region simultaneously.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00072-00049293-00050083 The Second Intermediate Period from1650 BC -to1550 BC which followed saw Egypt once again
pLW6p1AqoHk-00073-00050083-00050183 divided.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00074-00050183-00050805 In the north, the Hyksos Dynasty arrived from western Asia and its six kings ruled as the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00075-00050805-00050961 15th Dynasty.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00076-00050961-00051525 In the south, the Kingdom of Kush, an early civilisation in the region of Nubia, northern
pLW6p1AqoHk-00077-00051525-00051708 Sudan, expanded its reach.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00078-00051708-00052341 In the middle sat the Egyptian kingdom of Thebes, or the 16th Dynasty and the17th Dynasty.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00079-00052341-00052857 It was during the 17th Dynasty that war was launched against Hyksos rule, who were eventually
pLW6p1AqoHk-00080-00052857-00053289 pushed out of Egypt by the Thebans of the 17th Dynasty.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00081-00053289-00053982 It was at this time that Upper and Lower Egypt were reunited by Ahmose I of Thebes in 1550
pLW6p1AqoHk-00082-00053982-00054325 BC and the third golden age began.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00083-00054325-00054939 This brought Ancient Egypt full circle as another Theban - Mentuhotep II - had united
pLW6p1AqoHk-00084-00054939-00055413 Upper and Lower Egypt at the start of the Middle Kingdom too, also triggering a golden
pLW6p1AqoHk-00085-00055413-00055513 age.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00086-00055513-00056076 In reunifying the country, Ahmose became the founder of the New Kingdom and the first king
pLW6p1AqoHk-00087-00056076-00056620 of the 18th Dynasty - to which Hatshepsut also belonged.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00088-00056620-00057108 As the period of foreign rule in Egypt came to an end, Egypt began to build up its own
pLW6p1AqoHk-00089-00057108-00057211 empire.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00090-00057211-00057675 During the Second Intermediate Period, the Kushites had raided the south, prompting the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00091-00057675-00058024 Egyptians to expand further south into Nubia.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00092-00058024-00058609 The Kingdom of Kush was firmly pushed back under Hatshepsut’s father, Thutmose I, around
pLW6p1AqoHk-00093-00058609-00059277 1500 BC and the earlier defeat of the Hyksos, during the Second Intermediate Period, saw
pLW6p1AqoHk-00094-00059277-00059666 the New Kingdom of Egypt expand into the Levant.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00095-00059666-00060220 It was during this time, just before Hatshepsut’s reign, that the Egyptian Empire attained its
pLW6p1AqoHk-00096-00060220-00060590 greatest territorial extent.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00097-00060590-00061049 Hatshepsut was directly related to these empire-expanding Pharaohs.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00098-00061049-00061764 As well as her father Thutmose I, Hatshepsut was a blood relation of Ahmose I, the unifier
pLW6p1AqoHk-00099-00061764-00062317 of Upper and Lower Egypt and the first ruler of the New Kingdom but although they came
pLW6p1AqoHk-00100-00062317-00062727 from the same dynasty, tracing their family connections is difficult.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00101-00062727-00063502 Ahmose I’s son - Amenhotep I - was his successor, but after that the historical record becomes
pLW6p1AqoHk-00102-00063502-00063602 unclear.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00103-00063602-00064405 Amenhotep I was succeeded by Thutmose I, but Thutmose never used the title King’s Son,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00104-00064405-00064794 which puts a question mark over his connection to Amenhotep.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00105-00064794-00065401 Some Egyptologists have argued that Thutmose’s wife, Ahmose, was Amenhotep’s sister, making
pLW6p1AqoHk-00106-00065401-00065817 Thutmose his son-in-law rather than biological son.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00107-00065817-00066321 Or he might have been Amenhotep’s son born of a lesser wife which would have restricted
pLW6p1AqoHk-00108-00066321-00066604 his use of the title King’s Son.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00109-00066604-00067263 It is also possible that Thutmose was a general chosen by the heir-less Amenhotep to rule,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00110-00067263-00067804 however a violent coup can be ruled out as an explanation as the records suggest a peaceful
pLW6p1AqoHk-00111-00067804-00068170 transition of power occurred.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00112-00068170-00068732 Dynastic problems did not come to an end after the accession of Thutmose I. A recurring issue
pLW6p1AqoHk-00113-00068732-00069376 was that sons born to secondary wives and any female children were not considered ideal
pLW6p1AqoHk-00114-00069376-00069476 heirs.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00115-00069476-00070023 Thutmose I and his principal wife, Ahmose, had no surviving son - only two daughters,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00116-00070023-00070342 of whom Hatshepsut was the oldest.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00117-00070342-00070972 Thutmose I did have a son - Thutmose II - with a secondary wife, Mutnofret and it was thought
pLW6p1AqoHk-00118-00070972-00071420 best, according to tradition, that Thutmose II be quickly married to his half-sister,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00119-00071420-00071604 Hatshepsut.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00120-00071604-00072229 This would bolster the credentials of Thutmose II and preserve the direct royal line.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00121-00072229-00072726 Egyptologists of the past have presented Thutmose II as weak and frail.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00122-00072726-00073213 This presentation was not necessarily rooted in fact - it was fueled by a determination
pLW6p1AqoHk-00123-00073213-00073442 to present Hatshepsut as domineering.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00124-00073442-00074142 A shrewd Hatshepsut was supposed to have manipulated her ineffective husband and essentially ruled
pLW6p1AqoHk-00125-00074142-00074295 in his name.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00126-00074295-00074569 However public monuments paint a different picture.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00127-00074569-00075127 A dutiful Hatshepsut is shown standing behind her husband, showing appropriate fealty to
pLW6p1AqoHk-00128-00075127-00075679 him, as the Pharaoh but the limited scale of Thutmose II’s building program hinders
pLW6p1AqoHk-00129-00075679-00076239 a deeper understanding of his reign and the power his wife held.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00130-00076239-00076644 Thutmose II ruled only for a short time after his father’s death.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00131-00076644-00077213 He was succeeded by his wife and half-sister, Hatshepsut, for the same reason he himself
pLW6p1AqoHk-00132-00077213-00077718 had almost been passed over - the lack of a son born of the principal wife.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00133-00077718-00078291 Just like his father, Thutmose II did have a son with a secondary wife, Isis.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00134-00078291-00078895 This child - Thutmose III - could not immediately take the throne because he was very young.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00135-00078895-00079394 And like with the accession of Thutmose II, there was some concern over the child’s
pLW6p1AqoHk-00136-00079394-00079657 status as the son of a secondary wife.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00137-00079657-00080213 The weakening of the direct royal line was a concern that could not be easily overlooked.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00138-00080213-00080792 Instead, as tradition indicated, Hatshepsut was to rule as co-regent for the young boy
pLW6p1AqoHk-00139-00080792-00081158 - a role which soon grew to that of a co-ruler.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00140-00081158-00081713 There had been precedents of widowed principal wives ruling as regents and dutifully handling
pLW6p1AqoHk-00141-00081713-00082280 the affairs of the government for their young sons but the short life span of Ancient Egyptians
pLW6p1AqoHk-00142-00082280-00082755 meant that young rulers and the requirement for regents was not unusual.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00143-00082755-00083424 And Hatshepsut’s royal credentials as both daughter and wife of past Pharaohs were unimpeachable.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00144-00083424-00083932 Thutmose III was recognised as king from the beginning of this co-regent period which ran
pLW6p1AqoHk-00145-00083932-00084439 from 1478 BC to 1473 BC.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00146-00084439-00084938 Monuments from the time show the child king in the form of an adult (as was traditional),
pLW6p1AqoHk-00147-00084938-00085189 performing royal duties and rituals.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00148-00085189-00085769 Hatshepsut, dressed in royal female garb, is depicted off to one side, demurely watching
pLW6p1AqoHk-00149-00085769-00086407 over her step-son but Hatshepsut’s rise to full power was not inevitable at the start
pLW6p1AqoHk-00150-00086407-00086655 of their joint reign.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00151-00086655-00087167 It was only several years later that Hatshepsut began appearing on monuments in the costume
pLW6p1AqoHk-00152-00087167-00087557 of the male Pharaoh, indicating a change in status.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00153-00087557-00088070 The first example we have of this gender-swapping power-dressing comes from the 2nd year of
pLW6p1AqoHk-00154-00088070-00088668 the co-regent period, with Hatshepsut depicted in the Karnak Temple Complex in Thebes wearing
pLW6p1AqoHk-00155-00088668-00089075 the robes of a female ruler but the crown of a male king.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00156-00089075-00089615 This slow adoption of the symbols of the Pharaoh suggests that her rise to power was gradual,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00157-00089615-00089901 rather than an abrupt coup.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00158-00089901-00090568 In around 1473 BC, Hatshepsut took on the title of King of Upper and Lower Egypt and
pLW6p1AqoHk-00159-00090568-00090980 the regalia and other formal titles of the Pharaoh of Egypt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00160-00090980-00091494 This was a permanent promotion - Hatshepsut could not step down when Thutmose came of
pLW6p1AqoHk-00161-00091494-00091947 age, as the role of Pharaoh was a life-long responsibility.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00162-00091947-00092280 Pharaohs could not abdicate or rule temporarily.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00163-00092280-00092764 But even at this time, when her power was at its height, she ruled as a co-ruler with
pLW6p1AqoHk-00164-00092764-00092864 Thutmose III.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00165-00092864-00093532 The reasons behind Hatshepsut’s decision to take on the full titles of kingship are
pLW6p1AqoHk-00166-00093532-00093713 lost to history.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00167-00093713-00094305 She may have been acting to safeguard the throne for Thutmose III as the deaths of Thutmose’s
pLW6p1AqoHk-00168-00094305-00094839 mother Isis and Hatshepsut’s mother Ahmose removed the remaining links to the previous
pLW6p1AqoHk-00169-00094839-00095306 royal generation and perhaps left Hatshepsut feeling exposed.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00170-00095306-00095891 Although 19th- and 20th-century Egyptologists were keen to present Hatshepsut as an ambitious,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00171-00095891-00096324 cunning woman with an unnatural hunger for power, there is little evidence to support
pLW6p1AqoHk-00172-00096324-00096425 this view.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00173-00096425-00096983 It was more likely that Hatshepsut’s instinct was to continue to rule as co-regent, in the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00174-00096983-00097222 name of Thutmose III.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00175-00097222-00097661 Ruling with the full power of the Pharaoh and in her own name would have been a great
pLW6p1AqoHk-00176-00097661-00098143 risk, given the existence of a legitimate heir and the limited precedence of female
pLW6p1AqoHk-00177-00098143-00098243 Pharaohs.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00178-00098243-00098683 But a political crisis - perhaps a threat from an alternative branch of the royal family
pLW6p1AqoHk-00179-00098683-00098843 - forced her hand.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00180-00098843-00099322 She could not rule for Thutmose with the title of King’s Mother because he wasn’t her
pLW6p1AqoHk-00181-00099322-00099422 son.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00182-00099422-00099890 His own mother Isis had been unable to take on the King’s Mother title because she had
pLW6p1AqoHk-00183-00099890-00100068 no royal blood.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00184-00100068-00100616 Between her own gender, Thutmose III’s young age and his limited legitimacy as the son
pLW6p1AqoHk-00185-00100616-00101239 of a secondary wife, Hatshepsut’s options for establishing stable rule were very limited.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00186-00101239-00101713 In the end, she was the best placed to rule as the daughter and principal wife of two
pLW6p1AqoHk-00187-00101713-00102354 Pharaohs and the holder of the influential religious title of God’s Wife.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00188-00102354-00102922 The title of God’s Wife of Amun had given her authority even before her elevation to
pLW6p1AqoHk-00189-00102922-00103119 co-regent or co-ruler.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00190-00103119-00103466 It was this title that won her the support of the priests.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00191-00103466-00104069 The God’s Wife led festivals to the god Amun, one of the primordial Egyptian gods
pLW6p1AqoHk-00192-00104069-00104601 who was later merged with the ancient sun god to become Amun-Ra, and assisted the high
pLW6p1AqoHk-00193-00104601-00105149 priest in his sacred duties at the Great Temple of Amun at Karnak.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00194-00105149-00105705 She was held in high regard because it was believed she had direct interaction with Amun,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00195-00105705-00106257 who was revered in Thebes as the creator god and, later, king of the gods.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00196-00106257-00106758 The God’s Wife had enough influence and power to dictate policy as Ancient Egypt was
pLW6p1AqoHk-00197-00106758-00107278 a priest-led society, where religion and government were deeply intertwined.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00198-00107278-00107794 Hatshepsut was the last God’s Wife for many decades, perhaps because the role bestowed
pLW6p1AqoHk-00199-00107794-00108274 enormous power, privilege and wealth on the woman who held this title.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00200-00108274-00108770 Hatshepsut’s experience leading religious rituals and working closely with the priests
pLW6p1AqoHk-00201-00108770-00109105 stood her in good stead for the duties of a Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00202-00109105-00109664 As well as leading religious processions and festivals, Pharaohs had a more direct divine
pLW6p1AqoHk-00203-00109664-00109788 responsibility.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00204-00109788-00110298 Ancient Egyptians saw their Pharaohs as a link between the gods and the human race.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00205-00110298-00110875 Pharaohs would be responsible for direct communication with the 42 state gods and goddesses, and
pLW6p1AqoHk-00206-00110875-00111256 were charged with maintaining the cosmic order established during creation, called maat.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00207-00111256-00112029 In many cases, Pharaohs themselves were seen as semi-divine beings, with some believed
pLW6p1AqoHk-00208-00112029-00112649 to be born of Amun-Ra, including Hatshepsut, and when they died would become fully-fledged
pLW6p1AqoHk-00209-00112649-00112899 divine beings.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00210-00112899-00113386 As well as the support of the priests, Hatshepsut would have relied on the favour of the royal
pLW6p1AqoHk-00211-00113386-00113608 family and the courtiers.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00212-00113608-00114122 Arguments that the cunning Hatshepsut sought to overthrow her step-son and rule alone are
pLW6p1AqoHk-00213-00114122-00114619 undermined by the fact that the Ancient Egyptian royal family relied on the support of other
pLW6p1AqoHk-00214-00114619-00114753 elite groups.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00215-00114753-00115283 The risk of being overthrown would have reminded Hatshepsut that she was answerable to others.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00216-00115283-00115785 It seems likely that the courtiers, as well as the priests, supported Hatshepsut’s rise
pLW6p1AqoHk-00217-00115785-00115900 to power.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00218-00115900-00116366 Only 70 years before her reign, Egypt had been divided during the Second Intermediate
pLW6p1AqoHk-00219-00116366-00116911 Period, with large regions ruled by other groups, including the Hyksos in the north
pLW6p1AqoHk-00220-00116911-00117170 and the Kingdom of Kush in the south.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00221-00117170-00117600 Courtiers relied on the royal family for their privileged positions and the loss of this
pLW6p1AqoHk-00222-00117600-00118133 royal line would have threatened their power and caused widespread turmoil.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00223-00118133-00118604 Stability and prosperity were the aims of the day and Hatshepsut, along with the shining
pLW6p1AqoHk-00224-00118604-00119210 legacy of her father, Thutmose I, seemed to offer just that.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00225-00119210-00119765 There is no surviving evidence that suggests Hatshepsut faced any major challenges to her
pLW6p1AqoHk-00226-00119765-00119865 reign.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00227-00119865-00120329 Although she technically ruled as a co-ruler with her step-son, it was clear that Hatshepsut
pLW6p1AqoHk-00228-00120329-00120929 was in charge, with her step-son happy to lead her army and not use this power against
pLW6p1AqoHk-00229-00120929-00121029 her.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00230-00121029-00121603 Despite 19th- and 20th-century attempts to present this co-ruling duo as in conflict,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00231-00121603-00122153 with Thutmose seen as embittered by his step-mother’s rising power, there is little evidence of
pLW6p1AqoHk-00232-00122153-00122253 this.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00233-00122253-00122755 The pieces of evidence which have reached us in the present show a harmonious working
pLW6p1AqoHk-00234-00122755-00122855 relationship.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00235-00122855-00123389 While he grew up, Thutmose valued Hatshepsut’s experience of ruling, including during her
pLW6p1AqoHk-00236-00123389-00123903 father’s reign while he fought in campaigns, her guidance and her illustrious status as
pLW6p1AqoHk-00237-00123903-00124217 a direct descendent of the royal bloodline.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00238-00124217-00124819 Without the public and elite support Hatshepsut had won, it is possible that the infant Thutmose
pLW6p1AqoHk-00239-00124819-00125121 would have lost the throne to another.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00240-00125121-00125701 It was perhaps the fear of her royal line losing the kingship that encouraged Hatshepsut
pLW6p1AqoHk-00241-00125701-00125841 to become Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00242-00125841-00126419 Her claim to more power was supported and she received the official regalia of the Pharaoh,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00243-00126419-00126960 including the Khat head cloth featuring the uraeus, the rearing cobra, a traditional false
pLW6p1AqoHk-00244-00126960-00127210 beard and shendyt kilt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00245-00127210-00127741 Many statues survive showing Hatshepsut in this androgynous royal attire.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00246-00127741-00128264 In reliefs she is shown striding forward and standing tall, as well as the traditional
pLW6p1AqoHk-00247-00128264-00128808 pious kneeling posture, rather than the demure postures of Egyptian female figures.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00248-00128808-00129490 The feminine ankle-length dress and closed feet stance are rarely used in images of Hatshepsut.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00249-00129490-00130028 Women could have high status in Ancient Egypt and had legal rights to property, unlike in
pLW6p1AqoHk-00250-00130028-00130266 many other ancient and modern civilisations.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00251-00130266-00130870 There had been examples of powerful Egyptian women, including Hatshepsut’s own mother,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00252-00130870-00131275 Ahmose, who wielded great influence as the King’s Daughter.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00253-00131275-00131769 Throughout Ancient Egyptian history, many mortal women were worshipped as goddesses
pLW6p1AqoHk-00254-00131769-00132326 and both before and after Hatshepsut women reigned as Pharaohs.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00255-00132326-00133161 Khentkaus I, Nitocris and Sobekneferu had all ruled in some capacity prior to Hatshepsut
pLW6p1AqoHk-00256-00133161-00133703 and Nefernferuaten, Twosret and Cleopatra were just some of the important female rulers
pLW6p1AqoHk-00257-00133703-00133878 who came after her.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00258-00133878-00134390 But there was no word for Queen in Ancient Egypt - King’s Wife was the title given
pLW6p1AqoHk-00259-00134390-00134597 to those who married the Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00260-00134597-00134990 The ruler was called the King or Pharaoh, no matter their gender.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00261-00134990-00135521 And female Pharaohs, that is, women who ruled fully, under their own name and with the regalia
pLW6p1AqoHk-00262-00135521-00135838 and titles of Pharaoh, were not common.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00263-00135838-00136445 Before Hatshepsut, there had only been Sobekneferu, who had reigned 6 dynasties before her and
pLW6p1AqoHk-00264-00136445-00136844 had taken on the male title of king.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00265-00136844-00137411 As the office of Pharaoh was a distinctly male one, adaptation was necessary for female
pLW6p1AqoHk-00266-00137411-00137511 rulers.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00267-00137511-00137988 The symbolism of Ancient Egyptian kingship - the crook and flail, and the uraeus and
pLW6p1AqoHk-00268-00137988-00138521 masculine dress - was designed for male rulers, given that the role usually passed from father
pLW6p1AqoHk-00269-00138521-00138636 to son.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00270-00138636-00139140 In the majority of the statues and works of art that have survived until the modern day,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00271-00139140-00139441 Hatshepsut is presented as a masculine king.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00272-00139441-00140082 This was one of the reasons why it took Egyptologists so long to identify her - hieroglyphic inscriptions
pLW6p1AqoHk-00273-00140082-00140566 said female king but the imagery was almost entirely masculine.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00274-00140566-00141033 Presenting herself as a male king wasn’t deceitful, it was tradition.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00275-00141033-00141538 Egyptian art often presented things as they should be, rather than how they are.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00276-00141538-00142145 Older kings and infant kings, like Thutmose III, were also presented as having youthful,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00277-00142145-00142373 trim, masculine physiques.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00278-00142373-00142660 She presented herself as other kings did.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00279-00142660-00143279 Relief scenes show Hatshepsut completing historic kingly rituals, from making offerings to the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00280-00143279-00144015 gods and celebrating festivals to trampling foreign captives in the form of a sphinx.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00281-00144015-00144563 Hatshepsut did not completely hide her femininity as she took on the masculine attributes of
pLW6p1AqoHk-00282-00144563-00144679 the kingship.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00283-00144679-00145246 She replaced the traditional male titles and epithets used on hieroglyphic labels on statues
pLW6p1AqoHk-00284-00145246-00145521 and reliefs with feminine variations.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00285-00145521-00145976 Her name was often followed up with “Daughter of Re”, and the feminine word endings she
pLW6p1AqoHk-00286-00145976-00146442 used led to grammatical oxymorons like “His Majesty, Herself”.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00287-00146442-00147042 In private spaces, statues of Hatshepsut depicted her with a mix of male and female attributes.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00288-00147042-00147554 Two rare examples of these statues, now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00289-00147554-00148054 show her with the masculine headdress of the Pharaoh combined with an obvious feminine
pLW6p1AqoHk-00290-00148054-00148390 silhouette or even in full feminine dress.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00291-00148390-00149002 It was in public spaces, such as on the processional way, that her statues presented her as a young
pLW6p1AqoHk-00292-00149002-00149245 king in the prime of life.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00293-00149245-00149797 When in sphinx form, kneeling or standing, Hatshepsut’s statues sought to portray her
pLW6p1AqoHk-00294-00149797-00150366 as the ideal male king, she also called on the religious aspects of the Pharaoh to bolster
pLW6p1AqoHk-00295-00150366-00150522 her legitimacy.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00296-00150522-00151175 She styled herself as Maatkare - meaning “Truth is the Soul of the Sun God” - to emphasise
pLW6p1AqoHk-00297-00151175-00151815 her connection to Amun - one myth even has her as the demi-god child of Amun.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00298-00151815-00152163 She aimed to highlight her moral responsibilities as Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00299-00152163-00152691 Maat - meaning the truth, order and justice bestowed by the gods - referred to her ability
pLW6p1AqoHk-00300-00152691-00153075 as the legitimate Pharaoh to communicate with the gods.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00301-00153075-00153594 This title plainly said that she was destined to help maintain maat and bring stability
pLW6p1AqoHk-00302-00153594-00153790 and prosperity to Egypt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00303-00153790-00154329 Hatshepsut’s legitimacy was further bolstered by the proclamation of the Oracle of Amun.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00304-00154329-00154922 The Oracle declared that Hatshepsut’s rise to become Pharaoh was in fact Amun’s will.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00305-00154922-00155402 Hatshepsut promoted the words of the Oracle by carving the following proclamation on many
pLW6p1AqoHk-00306-00155402-00155996 of her grand monuments: “Welcome my sweet daughter, my favourite, the King of Upper
pLW6p1AqoHk-00307-00155996-00156272 and Lower Egypt, Maatkare, Hatshepsut.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00308-00156272-00156752 Thou art the Pharaoh, taking possession of the Two Lands.”
pLW6p1AqoHk-00309-00156752-00157154 But even the Oracle’s words did not make Hatshepsut lose sight of the fact that she
pLW6p1AqoHk-00310-00157154-00157317 was a co-ruler.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00311-00157317-00157792 She ordered a relief to be made to showcase her rise to power which showed both herself
pLW6p1AqoHk-00312-00157792-00158000 and Thutmose III.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00313-00158000-00158509 This relief was placed in the Red Chapel, a sacred building in the sanctuary of Amun-Ra
pLW6p1AqoHk-00314-00158509-00159187 at the Temple of Karnak which housed the Userhat-Amun - a golden boat used by the god Amun to travel
pLW6p1AqoHk-00315-00159187-00159287 around).
pLW6p1AqoHk-00316-00159287-00159869 Both she and her co-ruler Thutmose were presented as men, but Hatshepsut now took the place
pLW6p1AqoHk-00317-00159869-00160004 of precedence.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00318-00160004-00160519 The words of Amun, via the Oracle, and this visual representation of her power in a place
pLW6p1AqoHk-00319-00160519-00161069 sacred to Amun emphasised her divine right to be Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00320-00161069-00161616 To highlight her legitimacy, Hatshepsut also emphasised her connection to her father, Pharaoh
pLW6p1AqoHk-00321-00161616-00162214 Thutmose I. She appeared to idolise her father, who had won fame for his military victories
pLW6p1AqoHk-00322-00162214-00162347 and expansion.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00323-00162347-00162800 When Hatshepsut was a young child, he had returned from his victory against the Kushans
pLW6p1AqoHk-00324-00162800-00163477 in Nubia with the naked body of a Nubian chieftain displayed on the prow of his ship.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00325-00163477-00163914 Thutmose’s expansion of the Egyptian Empire had vastly increased its prosperity.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00326-00163914-00164482 By presenting herself as her father’s chosen successor, she tied herself to his illustrious
pLW6p1AqoHk-00327-00164482-00165001 legacy and to a long line of successful Pharaohs of the 18th Dynasty.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00328-00165001-00165535 However historical evidence to support Hatshepsut’s claim of being her father’s named successor
pLW6p1AqoHk-00329-00165535-00165708 has not been found.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00330-00165708-00166210 The claim seems especially dubious given that Hatshepsut was married to her half-brother
pLW6p1AqoHk-00331-00166210-00166624 Thutmose II to strengthen his claim as heir.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00332-00166624-00167180 Tradition dictated that sons, even those of secondary wives, took precedence over daughters.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00333-00167180-00167696 Historically, women had only come to power when no male successor was available.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00334-00167696-00168376 So it seems unlikely that Thutmose I would have named Hatshepsut as his successor.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00335-00168376-00168851 But Hatshepsut ensured that her version of history would persevere by inscribing her
pLW6p1AqoHk-00336-00168851-00169295 claim on the walls of her mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahari:
pLW6p1AqoHk-00337-00169295-00169953 “Then his majesty said to them: ‘This daughter of mine, Khnumetamun Hatshepsut—may
pLW6p1AqoHk-00338-00169953-00170495 she live!—I have appointed as my successor upon my throne... she shall direct the people
pLW6p1AqoHk-00339-00170495-00170935 in every sphere of the palace; it is she indeed who shall lead you.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00340-00170935-00171282 Obey her words, unite yourselves at her command.’
pLW6p1AqoHk-00341-00171282-00171750 The royal nobles, the dignitaries, and the leaders of the people heard this proclamation
pLW6p1AqoHk-00342-00171750-00172370 of the promotion of his daughter, the King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Maatkare—may she
pLW6p1AqoHk-00343-00172370-00172501 live eternally.”
pLW6p1AqoHk-00344-00172501-00172958 Visual representations and inscriptions in buildings were important parts of Egyptian
pLW6p1AqoHk-00345-00172958-00173246 history and successful kingship.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00346-00173246-00173663 Without these architectural works, little would be known of Ancient Egypt today.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00347-00173663-00174187 But more importantly, building programs gave the Pharaohs the opportunity for self-aggrandisement
pLW6p1AqoHk-00348-00174187-00174352 and legend-building.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00349-00174352-00174791 The achievements of the Pharaohs would live on in their architectural works long after
pLW6p1AqoHk-00350-00174791-00174913 they were gone.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00351-00174913-00175384 And Hatshepsut understood this better than anyone.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00352-00175384-00175795 Hatshepsut has been remembered predominantly for her influence on the arts.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00353-00175795-00176213 Her reign saw a cultural renaissance that was to have a lingering effect on Egyptian
pLW6p1AqoHk-00354-00176213-00176468 art and architecture for a millennium.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00355-00176468-00176905 She was one of the most prolific Pharaoh builders with thousands of projects throughout Upper
pLW6p1AqoHk-00356-00176905-00177279 and Lower Egypt and especially around the city of Thebes.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00357-00177279-00177771 Many temples were built to display her piety and bolster her claim to semi-divine status
pLW6p1AqoHk-00358-00177771-00178041 as the God’s Wife of Amun.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00359-00178041-00178553 She also sought to promote her own accomplishments and show off the wealth her policies had brought
pLW6p1AqoHk-00360-00178553-00178676 to Egypt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00361-00178676-00179177 It was a chance for her to write her own story and ensure that she would not be forgotten.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00362-00179177-00179734 Her buildings were of a much grander style than her predecessors and were so impressive
pLW6p1AqoHk-00363-00179734-00180054 that later rulers attempted to claim them as their own.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00364-00180054-00180589 She ordered the production of so much statuary that every major museum in the world has pieces
pLW6p1AqoHk-00365-00180589-00181099 from Hatshepsut’s reign in their Ancient Egypt collections, including a whole room
pLW6p1AqoHk-00366-00181099-00181570 dedicated to her pieces at the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00367-00181570-00182060 The vastness of her building and statuary projects has left us important evidence about
pLW6p1AqoHk-00368-00182060-00182425 her as a ruler and about how she wanted to be perceived.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00369-00182425-00183028 The grandest of all Hatshepsut’s building projects was - as was traditional - the Mortuary
pLW6p1AqoHk-00370-00183028-00183314 Temple of Hatshepsut, which still exists.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00371-00183314-00183821 Ancient Egyptian mortuary temples were not so much about death, as they were a celebration
pLW6p1AqoHk-00372-00183821-00184390 of the eternal life of the Pharaoh and their union with the god Amun.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00373-00184390-00184977 A mortuary temple was built for Hatshepsut in the complex at Deir el-Bahari on the West
pLW6p1AqoHk-00374-00184977-00185453 Bank of the Nile River, across the bank from the ancient city of Thebes and the modern
pLW6p1AqoHk-00375-00185453-00185604 city of Luxor.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00376-00185604-00186109 It was built into the cliff face looking towards the Karnak Temple Complex on the opposite
pLW6p1AqoHk-00377-00186109-00186608 side of the Nile, where prestigious temples and monuments had been built.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00378-00186608-00187109 She chose a site that would add to her prestige - her temple was built next to that of Mentuhotep
pLW6p1AqoHk-00379-00187109-00187659 II, the first king of the Middle Kingdom and the man who had reunified Upper and Lower
pLW6p1AqoHk-00380-00187659-00187769 Egypt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00381-00187769-00188165 The plot had originally been quarried for her father’s tomb.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00382-00188165-00188652 Hatshepsut linked her own mortuary temple to that of her father’s, showing her devotion
pLW6p1AqoHk-00383-00188652-00189151 to him and tying their legacies together to emphasise her legitimacy.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00384-00189151-00189676 She sought to present herself as the rightful successor and dutiful daughter of Thutmose
pLW6p1AqoHk-00385-00189676-00190324 I. She even created a mortuary cult for him in her temple and later moved his body there
pLW6p1AqoHk-00386-00190324-00190719 so that they would lie there together.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00387-00190719-00191293 Hatshepsut and her father Thutmose I were not the only kings to designate their final
pLW6p1AqoHk-00388-00191293-00191539 resting places in this region.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00389-00191539-00192090 Hatshepsut’s mortuary temple was so illustrious that future Pharaohs built their own mortuary
pLW6p1AqoHk-00390-00192090-00192646 temples near to hers, forming what is now known as the Valley of the Kings.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00391-00192646-00192999 Architectural innovation dominated the design of Hatshepsut’s temple.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00392-00192999-00193514 It began as a small project in the shadow of Mentuhotep II’s tomb.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00393-00193514-00194105 The project grew into a large terraced monument that had to be cut into the cliff face, showing
pLW6p1AqoHk-00394-00194105-00194336 impressive architectural skill.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00395-00194336-00194802 It was enormous - almost the size of two and a half football fields.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00396-00194802-00195344 It featured so many colonnades and courtyards upon its terraces that it appeared to rise
pLW6p1AqoHk-00397-00195344-00195601 up to the side of the mountain.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00398-00195601-00196155 Hatshepsut moved away from the fortress-like designs used by her predecessors and pioneered
pLW6p1AqoHk-00399-00196155-00196460 a more ornate, aesthetically pleasing look.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00400-00196460-00197019 Her beautiful architectural style inspired many future building projects and mortuary
pLW6p1AqoHk-00401-00197019-00197119 temples.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00402-00197119-00197526 Although many of the intricate elements of her original design are now missing, there
pLW6p1AqoHk-00403-00197526-00197973 is enough evidence left behind to piece together what the temple would have looked like in
pLW6p1AqoHk-00404-00197973-00198092 its heyday.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00405-00198092-00198623 The lower levels of her temple were softened with luscious gardens and reflective pools.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00406-00198623-00199194 The myrrh trees from the famous trade expedition she sent to the semi-mythical land of Punt
pLW6p1AqoHk-00407-00199194-00199750 were planted here to highlight her link with the gods and the wealth and exotic goods she
pLW6p1AqoHk-00408-00199750-00199991 had brought to Egypt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00409-00199991-00200453 The likeness of Hatshepsut appeared in the temple’s design many times over.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00410-00200453-00201039 Over a hundred statues of the female Pharaoh in the form of a sphinx lined the processional
pLW6p1AqoHk-00411-00201039-00201139 way.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00412-00201139-00201674 These Hatshepsut sphinxes were placed here because the sphinx was seen as a spiritual
pLW6p1AqoHk-00413-00201674-00201774 guardian.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00414-00201774-00202293 This form also had the benefit of removing any signs of gender - the sphinx was always
pLW6p1AqoHk-00415-00202293-00202813 the head of the Pharaoh and the body of a lion, sometimes with the addition of falcon’s
pLW6p1AqoHk-00416-00202813-00202913 wings.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00417-00202913-00203344 More images of Hatshepsut were placed on the temple’s terraces.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00418-00203344-00203863 Some of these statues were over 10 feet tall and were intended to be seen from a great
pLW6p1AqoHk-00419-00203863-00203967 distance.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00420-00203967-00204502 Several show Hatshepsut in devotional poses, such as kneeling amongst offerings to the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00421-00204502-00204982 gods or even taking on the appearance of Osiris, god of resurrection.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00422-00204982-00205456 The majority of the statues of Hatshepsut show her in a masculine light, in the appearance
pLW6p1AqoHk-00423-00205456-00205719 of the traditionally male Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00424-00205719-00206196 Many of them have survived - some whole and some in fragments - into the present.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00425-00206196-00206833 The centrepiece of the project was the Djeser-Djeseru, the Holy of Holies - the centre of the mortuary
pLW6p1AqoHk-00426-00206833-00207129 temple which was accessed along a large causeway.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00427-00207129-00207644 It was a symmetrical multi-columned structure, similar in appearance to the Parthenon in
pLW6p1AqoHk-00428-00207644-00208011 Athens which was built nearly 1,000 years later.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00429-00208011-00208623 The Djeser-Djeseru sat back in the cliff face and at the top of the grand terraces.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00430-00208623-00209251 In the Djeser-Djeseru were altars to Amun-Ra and to Hatshepsut, where her cult would continue
pLW6p1AqoHk-00431-00209251-00209532 to worship her even after her death.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00432-00209532-00209987 As well as their religious function, mortuary temples would glorify the Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00433-00209987-00210581 The reliefs inside Hatshepsut’s temple celebrated the achievements of her reign.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00434-00210581-00211117 The trading expedition to semi-mythical Punt on the Red Sea was represented.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00435-00211117-00211665 On the relief sailors and traders load exotic luxury goods onto the Egyptian ships, from
pLW6p1AqoHk-00436-00211665-00212104 panther skins to frankincense, as well as the myrrh trees which were planted at the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00437-00212104-00212204 temple.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00438-00212204-00212746 The accompanying inscription reads: “Never were such things brought to any king since
pLW6p1AqoHk-00439-00212746-00212898 the world was”.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00440-00212898-00213396 This relief showed Hatshepsut as a successful economic and religious leader.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00441-00213396-00213873 The trading mission to Punt was just one of many trade routes developed under her reign
pLW6p1AqoHk-00442-00213873-00214401 and the prosperity they brought to Egypt was a significant part of the third golden age.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00443-00214401-00214992 It also showed Hatshepsut as a successful religious leader as these new exotic goods
pLW6p1AqoHk-00444-00214992-00215355 were thought to be especially desirable to the gods.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00445-00215355-00215938 Another significant relief showed Hatshepsut’s divine conception and birth.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00446-00215938-00216446 Hatshepsut encouraged the narrative that she was the biological daughter of the god Amun,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00447-00216446-00216917 who had appeared to her mother in the form of her husband, Thutmose I.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00448-00216917-00217394 The later trend for emphasising a Pharaoh’s divine birth is believed to have begun with
pLW6p1AqoHk-00449-00217394-00217941 Hatshepsut who needed to legitimise her claim to the throne.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00450-00217941-00218446 Hatshepsut sought to highlight the sacred link between the Pharaoh and the gods, in
pLW6p1AqoHk-00451-00218446-00218676 particular her personal link with Amun.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00452-00218676-00219134 It was the first time a Pharaoh had built a mortuary temple which was primarily a temple
pLW6p1AqoHk-00453-00219134-00219305 to the god Amun.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00454-00219305-00219784 As well as the altar to Amun, new religious rituals were established to celebrate Amun
pLW6p1AqoHk-00455-00219784-00219992 and his connection with the Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00456-00219992-00220521 For example, during a festival of the dead, the cult statue of Amun was sailed across
pLW6p1AqoHk-00457-00220521-00220871 the river to spend a night in Hatshepsut’s tomb.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00458-00220871-00221371 The religious rituals she created - usually the privilege of male kings - would have been
pLW6p1AqoHk-00459-00221371-00221915 as important as the buildings she commissioned and were clear evidence that she was the legitimate
pLW6p1AqoHk-00460-00221915-00222025 Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00461-00222025-00222556 The landscape of Egypt was fundamentally altered by Hatshepsut’s building projects.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00462-00222556-00223128 As well as her mortuary temple in Deir el-Bahari, she added and restored many more temples and
pLW6p1AqoHk-00463-00223128-00223373 monuments across Egypt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00464-00223373-00223932 Monuments were constructed at the Temple of Karnak, as was the tradition under most Pharaohs.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00465-00223932-00224459 The Red Chapel was built here, which was a religious chapel dedicated to Amun and featured
pLW6p1AqoHk-00466-00224459-00224803 carvings showing key moments from Hatshepsut’s life.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00467-00224803-00225355 A pair of obelisks were constructed to celebrate her 16th year as Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00468-00225355-00225984 This momentous construction was commemorated on a relief which showed the 450-ton obelisks
pLW6p1AqoHk-00469-00225984-00226481 being transported along the Nile by 27 ships.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00470-00226481-00226919 As well as telling the story of her reign, the obelisks have allowed archaeologists a
pLW6p1AqoHk-00471-00226919-00227371 glimpse at Hatshepsutian architectural design and construction.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00472-00227371-00227875 The discovery of the Unfinished Obelisk - a broken version left in the quarry in Aswan
pLW6p1AqoHk-00473-00227875-00228516 where it was made - shows the hard work, craftsmanship and innovation which went into creating these
pLW6p1AqoHk-00474-00228516-00228616 monuments.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00475-00228616-00228913 Hatshepsut also ordered the restoration of great monuments.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00476-00228913-00229417 The Precinct of Mut - the mother goddess of Egypt - had been sacked during the Hyksos
pLW6p1AqoHk-00477-00229417-00229732 occupation and was rebuilt under Hatshepsut.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00478-00229732-00230242 The new design featured twin obelisks at the temple’s entrance that at the time were
pLW6p1AqoHk-00479-00230242-00230429 the tallest in the world.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00480-00230429-00231038 One of them still stands today and is the second-tallest ancient obelisk still upright.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00481-00231038-00231573 The restoration of the Mut Precinct was a building project so magnificent that later
pLW6p1AqoHk-00482-00231573-00232090 Pharaohs pillaged it for features to bolster their own projects.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00483-00232090-00232567 Other important building projects ordered by Hatshepsut included the Temple of Pakhet
pLW6p1AqoHk-00484-00232567-00232935 at Beni Hasan, south of Al Minya.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00485-00232935-00233460 The temple mixed the cultures north and south of the area by being dedicated to both Bast
pLW6p1AqoHk-00486-00233460-00233828 and Sekhmet - two lioness war goddesses.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00487-00233828-00234181 Inside was a denunciation of the Hyksos by Hatshepsut.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00488-00234181-00234715 In it she claimed that the Hyksos occupation of Egypt had created a cultural decline that
pLW6p1AqoHk-00489-00234715-00235014 was reversed by Hatshepsut herself.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00490-00235014-00235521 The huge underground temple was admired by the Greeks when they occupied Egypt during
pLW6p1AqoHk-00491-00235521-00236080 the Ptolemaic Dynasty as it bore resemblance to their own hunter goddess, Artemis, and
pLW6p1AqoHk-00492-00236080-00236439 was renamed by them the Speos Artemidos.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00493-00236439-00236997 As with other impressive buildings, a later Pharaoh - this time Seti I of the 19th Dynasty
pLW6p1AqoHk-00494-00236997-00237588 - attempted to wipe Hatsheput’s name from the project and replace it with his own.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00495-00237588-00237996 Hatshepsut also devoted time and money to public works programs.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00496-00237996-00238414 These works were mainly focused on the area around Thebes, the dynastic and religious
pLW6p1AqoHk-00497-00238414-00238558 centre of the Thutmose-Hatshepsut era.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00498-00238558-00239235 A network of roads and sanctuaries were built, which encouraged access to religious sites
pLW6p1AqoHk-00499-00239235-00239681 and were also used for royal and theological processions.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00500-00239681-00240231 The transformation of the physical and ritual landscape of Egypt was not Hatshepsut’s
pLW6p1AqoHk-00501-00240231-00240371 only accomplishment.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00502-00240371-00240892 She also brought huge wealth to Egypt by bolstering its diplomatic and trading links and by being
pLW6p1AqoHk-00503-00240892-00241138 uninterested in expensive wars.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00504-00241138-00241813 This was important as her innovations in architecture and ritual art required huge expenditure.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00505-00241813-00242394 It also pleased the elites who desired access to exotic goods and wealth in order to display
pLW6p1AqoHk-00506-00242394-00242578 their status.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00507-00242578-00243146 Maintaining the golden age ensured Hatshepsut the support and loyalty she needed to rule.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00508-00243146-00243603 Hatshepsut came from a line of economically and culturally successful Pharaohs.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00509-00243603-00244316 Her ancestor, Ahmose I, had reunified Egypt after the turbulent Second Intermediate Period,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00510-00244316-00245030 triggering a golden age, and her father, Thutmose I, had strengthened Egypt, leaving her a prosperous
pLW6p1AqoHk-00511-00245030-00245285 and expanding nation to rule.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00512-00245285-00245921 Spurred on by the economic growth and stability of the last few decades, the elites in Hatshepsut’s
pLW6p1AqoHk-00513-00245921-00246217 court began to develop a cosmopolitan outlook.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00514-00246217-00246767 An interest in the technological and luxury goods in East Africa and Arabia belonged to
pLW6p1AqoHk-00515-00246767-00247391 the 18th Dynasty period as a whole, but was particularly significant under Hatshepsut.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00516-00247391-00247877 There is archaeological evidence that new goods arrived in Egypt during the early part
pLW6p1AqoHk-00517-00247877-00248417 of the 18th Dynasty, from new musical instruments to oil.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00518-00248417-00248951 Hatshepsut supported this more outward-facing world view and the desire for foreign goods
pLW6p1AqoHk-00519-00248951-00249213 by building and reforming foreign ties.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00520-00249213-00249701 She sent expeditions to foreign lands to the south and the east and encouraged foreign
pLW6p1AqoHk-00521-00249701-00250204 embassies to visit with diplomatic gifts, which increased her prestige.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00522-00250204-00250735 She built new trading links to gain access to desirable goods, from frankincense, which
pLW6p1AqoHk-00523-00250735-00251256 was charred to make kohl eyeliner, to oil and the latest military weapons.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00524-00251256-00251788 She worked to re-establish the trade networks disrupted by the Hyksos occupation of Egypt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00525-00251788-00252269 She was particularly interested in reopening ancient trade routes as she sought to go back
pLW6p1AqoHk-00526-00252269-00252696 to the ancient traditions of kingship, ritual and trade.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00527-00252696-00253166 Foreign trade was vital to a Pharaoh because luxury goods were a symbol of royal power
pLW6p1AqoHk-00528-00253166-00253661 and legitimacy, but also had an important religious aspect.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00529-00253661-00254071 Exotic goods, such as frankincense, which was believed to make a place divine through
pLW6p1AqoHk-00530-00254071-00254692 its smell, and myrrh, were thought to impress the gods, especially the god Amun, whose name
pLW6p1AqoHk-00531-00254692-00255189 was used to legitimise Hatshepsut’s trade missions.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00532-00255189-00255733 Towards the middle of her reign, Hatshepsut sent a large trade embassy fleet to the semi-mythical
pLW6p1AqoHk-00533-00255733-00255882 land of Punt.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00534-00255882-00256626 This fleet was made up of 5 ships at 21 metres long each with several sails and 210 sailors.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00535-00256626-00257173 As Punt was located somewhere on the Red Sea, perhaps in East Africa or Arabia, the fleet
pLW6p1AqoHk-00536-00257173-00257748 were required to flat-pack their ships and carry them over 100 miles from the River Nile
pLW6p1AqoHk-00537-00257748-00257885 to the Red Sea.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00538-00257885-00258510 The expedition was successful and returned with frankincense, gold, ivory, exotic animals,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00539-00258510-00259008 panther skins and, for the first time in recorded history, live trees.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00540-00259008-00259546 The expedition was commemorated in a relief at her mortuary temple and in many other tombs
pLW6p1AqoHk-00541-00259546-00259803 and temples on the west bank of the Nile.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00542-00259803-00260363 The prosperity which resulted from Hatshepsut’s diplomatic and trading policies was unhindered
pLW6p1AqoHk-00543-00260363-00260569 by military expenses.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00544-00260569-00261067 Although her father had won fame through military victories and expansion, Hatshepsut pursued
pLW6p1AqoHk-00545-00261067-00261278 a peaceful foreign policy.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00546-00261278-00261775 The only possible exceptions to her peaceful reign were raiding expeditions to Byblos and
pLW6p1AqoHk-00547-00261775-00262195 the Sinai Peninsula and campaigns against Nubia and Canaan.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00548-00262195-00262792 An early successful and short campaign in Nubia is shown on a relief at Hatshepsut’s
pLW6p1AqoHk-00549-00262792-00263233 temple, though this militaristic relief does not take pride of place.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00550-00263233-00263788 Hatshepsut’s foreign policy was directed at diplomacy and trade.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00551-00263788-00264332 An important element in Hatshepsut’s success was her astute selection of loyal officials.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00552-00264332-00264764 These handpicked officials controlled the key government posts that were essential for
pLW6p1AqoHk-00553-00264764-00265138 effective rule, from diplomacy to monument building.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00554-00265138-00265740 The most notable of these officials was Senenmut, who, among many other titles, was the Overseer
pLW6p1AqoHk-00555-00265740-00265956 of all Royal Works.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00556-00265956-00266636 Senenmut came from a non-royal, non-elite family and perhaps had a military background.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00557-00266636-00267113 He rose quickly within royal circles after becoming the tutor of Hatshepsut’s daughter,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00558-00267113-00267213 Neferure.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00559-00267213-00267676 The number of his titles and responsibilities increased dramatically - according to some
pLW6p1AqoHk-00560-00267676-00268305 Egyptologists he had as many as 93 titles, including the prestigious Great Steward of
pLW6p1AqoHk-00561-00268305-00268428 Amun.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00562-00268428-00268944 His responsibilities in this important role included taking care of the estates of the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00563-00268944-00269346 god Amun, which would have brought him huge material wealth.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00564-00269346-00269941 As the Overseer of all Royal Works, he also played a leading role in Hatshepsut’s building
pLW6p1AqoHk-00565-00269941-00270298 projects, including possibly designing her mortuary temple.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00566-00270298-00270844 The trust Hatshepsut had in him is evident in the responsibilities she gave him regarding
pLW6p1AqoHk-00567-00270844-00271522 her daughter, her most prized god and the temple in which she would be laid to rest.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00568-00271522-00272124 Senenmut took advantage of his new wealth and prestige by building himself two tombs
pLW6p1AqoHk-00569-00272124-00272567 and at least 26 statues - more than any other non-royal.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00570-00272567-00273182 The masses of images and text about Senenmut represented a huge diversion in the way non-royals
pLW6p1AqoHk-00571-00273182-00273311 were presented.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00572-00273311-00273894 He even had images of himself praying placed in Hatshepsut’s temple, though they were
pLW6p1AqoHk-00573-00273894-00274357 hidden discreetly behind doors which would have been left open when the public could
pLW6p1AqoHk-00574-00274357-00274523 enter the temple.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00575-00274523-00275103 For Ancient Egyptians, this merging of royal and non-royal effigies in a sacred temple
pLW6p1AqoHk-00576-00275103-00275383 would have been unusual and even distasteful.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00577-00275383-00275953 As Senenmut never married, and Hatshepsut didn’t re-marry after her husband’s death,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00578-00275953-00276230 it has been suggested that they were lovers.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00579-00276230-00276764 Three somewhat unconvincing pieces of evidence have been used to support this claim.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00580-00276764-00277382 Firstly, the titles and honours Hatshepsut bestowed on him, despite his non-elite status.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00581-00277382-00277894 Secondly, the fact that Senenmut’s name features in Hatshepsut’s mortuary temple
pLW6p1AqoHk-00582-00277894-00278133 more than her husband’s name.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00583-00278133-00278761 And thirdly, a statue, now in the Neues Museum in Berlin) showing Senenmut hugging a female
pLW6p1AqoHk-00584-00278761-00279183 child believed to be Hatshepsut’s daughter Neferure.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00585-00279183-00279733 This third piece of evidence certainly highlights an unusual bond between Senenmut, his royal
pLW6p1AqoHk-00586-00279733-00280485 tutee Neferure and Hatshepsut because non-aristocrats were not allowed to touch royalty.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00587-00280485-00281008 However, there is no strong evidence to support the argument that Hatshepsut and Senenmut
pLW6p1AqoHk-00588-00281008-00281258 had a physical relationship.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00589-00281258-00281763 While an example of temple graffiti showing a sexual relationship between a man and a
pLW6p1AqoHk-00590-00281763-00282296 woman (who may or may not be wearing the headdress of the Pharaoh) has been suggested as being
pLW6p1AqoHk-00591-00282296-00282845 Hatshepsut and Senenmut, there is no evidence to support this identification.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00592-00282845-00283415 It is clear that Hatshepsut trusted and relied upon her adviser Senenmut, and that he had
pLW6p1AqoHk-00593-00283415-00283914 successfully made a space for himself in the close-knit royal family circle, but there
pLW6p1AqoHk-00594-00283914-00284333 is no legitimate evidence that they were lovers.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00595-00284333-00285003 After a long reign which spanned two decades, Hatshepsut died in the 22nd year of her rule.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00596-00285003-00285504 Although the precise date of her death is unclear, her successor, Thutmose III, recorded
pLW6p1AqoHk-00597-00285504-00286047 the start of his reign on the 16th of January 1458 BC.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00598-00286047-00286572 In that year he took on the title “Ruler of Maat” for the first time, signalling
pLW6p1AqoHk-00599-00286572-00286797 that Hatshepsut had died.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00600-00286797-00287268 She is thought to have died in her late 40s - and had lived what was considered a relatively
pLW6p1AqoHk-00601-00287268-00287502 long life in ancient times.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00602-00287502-00287803 No record of the cause of death has survived.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00603-00287803-00288385 It is believed that Hatshepsut was initially interned with her father, Thutmose I, as she
pLW6p1AqoHk-00604-00288385-00288489 had wished.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00605-00288489-00289026 However, Thutmose I’s body was later moved elsewhere by Thutmose III.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00606-00289026-00289647 Hatshepsut’s mummy was perhaps also moved at this time, with her new location most commonly
pLW6p1AqoHk-00607-00289647-00290066 believed to be in the tomb of her nurse, Sitre In.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00608-00290066-00290785 This change was perhaps ordered by Amenhotep II, son of Thutmose III by a secondary wife,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00609-00290785-00291253 as he sought to secure his own uncertain legitimacy to rule.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00610-00291253-00291803 Given this confusion, Hatshepsut’s mummy has been difficult for Egyptologists to find.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00611-00291803-00292428 Her mortuary temple, recorded as tomb KV20, did not contain any likely candidates.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00612-00292428-00293072 But in 1902 archaeologist Howard Carter, who found the tomb of Tutankhamun, discovered
pLW6p1AqoHk-00613-00293072-00293785 a second possible location for Hatshepsut’s final resting place - tomb KV60, which had
pLW6p1AqoHk-00614-00293785-00294102 been the burial place of her nurse Sitre In.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00615-00294102-00294604 This second site seemed to fit in with the story of her body being moved to a more discreet
pLW6p1AqoHk-00616-00294604-00294860 location by her successors.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00617-00294860-00295503 Inside this tomb two female mummies were found and one was positively identified as Hatshepsut’s
pLW6p1AqoHk-00618-00295503-00295603 nurse.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00619-00295603-00295804 The other was not identified.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00620-00295804-00296449 It was not until 2007 that archaeologist Zahi Hawass released a statement to the scientific
pLW6p1AqoHk-00621-00296449-00297007 community claiming that this second female mummy was indeed Hatshepsut.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00622-00297007-00297589 The process of identification was unconventional as the DNA had not survived well enough for
pLW6p1AqoHk-00623-00297589-00297689 testing.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00624-00297689-00298392 Instead, a missing tooth in a box with Hatshepsut’s name on it was reunited with this mummy - and
pLW6p1AqoHk-00625-00298392-00298648 it seemed to be a perfect fit.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00626-00298648-00299225 If this was Hatshepsut’s mummy, it can shed some light on her mysterious death.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00627-00299225-00299822 This mummy showed signs of bone cancer - perhaps caused by a benzopyrene carcinogenic skin
pLW6p1AqoHk-00628-00299822-00300037 lotion found with the body.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00629-00300037-00300543 Her family was said to suffer from a genetic inflammatory skin disease, so perhaps the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00630-00300543-00300830 lotion had been used to soothe this condition.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00631-00300830-00301336 However, the tooth may have belonged to a later royal lady of the same name from the
pLW6p1AqoHk-00632-00301336-00301461 21st Dynasty.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00633-00301461-00302026 Equally, the hand position of the mummy was that of a King’s Wife, not a pharaoh, which
pLW6p1AqoHk-00634-00302026-00302300 suggests it wasn’t her.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00635-00302300-00302707 In 2011 the identification of the missing tooth was proven to be false.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00636-00302707-00303373 The tooth was a lower molar, while the mummy from KV60 was missing an upper molar.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00637-00303373-00303589 Doubt was cast on Hawass’ theory.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00638-00303589-00304190 But calls for the DNA testing of the tooth were halted by Hawass and the Cairo Museum,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00639-00304190-00304614 who wanted to protect it against the destruction caused by the testing process.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00640-00304614-00305179 To further complicate matters, Hatshepsut’s funerary furniture has been found at several
pLW6p1AqoHk-00641-00305179-00305456 different sites across the Valley of the Kings.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00642-00305456-00306007 These items included a wide range of goods from a throne-like bedstead to red-jaspar
pLW6p1AqoHk-00643-00306007-00306734 game pieces, all displaying her favoured lioness symbol, and a partial shabti or funerary figurine.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00644-00306734-00307387 The true location of Hatshepsut’s mummy, if Hawass’ mummy is to be discounted, may
pLW6p1AqoHk-00645-00307387-00307670 simply never be found.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00646-00307670-00308212 Hatshepsut’s resting place has been hard to find because, after two decades as Pharaoh,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00647-00308212-00308395 she disappeared from history.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00648-00308395-00308814 She is missing from the roll list of kings and the scribes never mentioned her.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00649-00308814-00309330 Her many monuments and temples were ascribed to later Pharaohs and she appears in vague
pLW6p1AqoHk-00650-00309330-00310079 references to a female ruler around that time - sometimes as an “Amessis” or an “Amenenthe”
pLW6p1AqoHk-00651-00310079-00310336 - but her name had vanished.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00652-00310336-00310934 Hatshepsut was returned to history in 1822 AD when her name was found on a statue of
pLW6p1AqoHk-00653-00310934-00311581 what appeared to be a male ruler by Jean-Francois Champollion, decipherer of the Rosetta Stone.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00654-00311581-00312063 The hieroglyphic inscription on this masculine statue stated that it actually depicted a
pLW6p1AqoHk-00655-00312063-00312163 female ruler.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00656-00312163-00312727 The statue had been found in the inner chambers of Hatshepsut’s temple at Deir el-Bahari
pLW6p1AqoHk-00657-00312727-00313232 - everything in the public-facing areas had been completely erased.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00658-00313232-00313789 Even when Hatshepsut did appear in the historical narrative around the 19th century, Egyptologists
pLW6p1AqoHk-00659-00313789-00314074 often described her as a usurper.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00660-00314074-00314623 She was seen as a manipulative woman with an unnatural lust for power at the expense
pLW6p1AqoHk-00661-00314623-00314810 of her young step-son.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00662-00314810-00315349 She was interpreted as a “vain, ambitious, and unscrupulous woman” by Metropolitan
pLW6p1AqoHk-00663-00315349-00316089 Museum curator William Hayes in 1953, who excavated her funerary temple in the 1920s
pLW6p1AqoHk-00664-00316089-00316359 alongside curator Herbert Winlock.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00665-00316359-00316956 The scholarly consensus in the 19th and 20th centuries was that Hatshepsut had seized power,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00666-00316956-00317244 rather than inherited it.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00667-00317244-00317920 Discoveries of pits full of broken Hatshepsut statues in the 1920s and 1930s only encouraged
pLW6p1AqoHk-00668-00317920-00318517 the view that Hatshepsut had stolen the throne from Thutmose III, who later avenged himself
pLW6p1AqoHk-00669-00318517-00318665 upon her legacy.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00670-00318665-00319118 The attack on Hatshepsut’s image seems brutal enough to be personal.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00671-00319118-00319636 The heads of her statue had been severed and the cobra symbol of royalty hacked from her
pLW6p1AqoHk-00672-00319636-00319736 forehead.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00673-00319736-00320320 The Pharaohs were regarded as god-like, often as the physical representation of the gods,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00674-00320320-00320607 so this defilement was blasphemous.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00675-00320607-00320877 Other powerful women had been spared this treatment.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00676-00320877-00321455 But Hatshepsut had ruled not as a King’s Mother, as several other Ancient Egyptian
pLW6p1AqoHk-00677-00321455-00321834 women had, but as a female King.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00678-00321834-00322421 These Kings’ Mothers were honoured for generations, often more so than the principal wife, showing
pLW6p1AqoHk-00679-00322421-00322956 that a woman holding power was not inappropriate to the Ancient Egyptian mind.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00680-00322956-00323512 But female regnants and female Pharaohs were hounded out of history.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00681-00323512-00323928 Perhaps because they were succeeded not by their sons, but by others with weaker ties
pLW6p1AqoHk-00682-00323928-00324270 to the royal line and limited legitimacy.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00683-00324270-00324754 Destroying the public memory of these female rulers would strengthen the position of these
pLW6p1AqoHk-00684-00324754-00324985 later kings.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00685-00324985-00325485 The attempted erasure of Hatshepsut from history was carried out possibly towards the end of
pLW6p1AqoHk-00686-00325485-00326164 Thutmose III’s reign and more certainly during the reign of his son, Amenhotep II.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00687-00326164-00326483 The erasure was carried out in a haphazard way.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00688-00326483-00327045 Crude cover-ups and additions aimed to hide her name and image by replacing her with Thutmose
pLW6p1AqoHk-00689-00327045-00327290 I or Thutmose II.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00690-00327290-00327856 Her image was chiselled off stone walls, her name was removed from monuments and gaps left
pLW6p1AqoHk-00691-00327856-00327957 in works of art.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00692-00327957-00328245 Her statues were pulled down and smashed.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00693-00328245-00328889 In 1927 when curator Herbert Winlock discovered a pit full of smashed Hatshepsut statues,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00694-00328889-00329424 he assumed this proved she had usurped the throne and later been struck from history
pLW6p1AqoHk-00695-00329424-00329551 for this reason.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00696-00329551-00329974 The real reason why this incomplete rewriting of history occurred is unknown.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00697-00329974-00330465 Answers posed by archaeologists have included self-promotion and cost-saving.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00698-00330465-00331079 There was a tradition of rulers reusing the grand burial monuments and statuary of older
pLW6p1AqoHk-00699-00331079-00331270 Pharaohs for themselves.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00700-00331270-00331898 It has been argued that Amenhotep II, as co-ruler toward the end of his father’s reign, had
pLW6p1AqoHk-00701-00331898-00332216 ordered the defacing of Hatshepsut’s monuments.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00702-00332216-00332855 His legitimacy was perhaps questioned by Hatshepsut’s legacy as he was not related to her and she
pLW6p1AqoHk-00703-00332855-00333308 held the purer line of descent from the great old Pharaohs.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00704-00333308-00333832 He also broke from royal tradition by not recording the names of his wives and ending
pLW6p1AqoHk-00705-00333832-00334511 the powerful roles and titles of royal women, including that of God’s Wife.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00706-00334511-00335172 Older explanations that Thutmose III had co-reigned with Hatshepsut unwillingly and had attempted
pLW6p1AqoHk-00707-00335172-00335556 to erase her from history out of bitterness have since been overturned.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00708-00335556-00336256 Thutmose had the power, as leader of her army, to overthrow Hatshepsut if he had so wanted.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00709-00336256-00336749 Even after her death, her images remained in view on public buildings for 20 years during
pLW6p1AqoHk-00710-00336749-00336856 his reign.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00711-00336856-00337334 The haphazard nature of the erasures also challenges the view that Thutmose was taking
pLW6p1AqoHk-00712-00337334-00337926 long-awaited revenge against Hatshepsut - the masses of images of her would not have survived
pLW6p1AqoHk-00713-00337926-00338320 to the present if the motive had been hatred and jealousy.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00714-00338320-00338867 Only the most visible, most accessible images of Hatshepsut were removed.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00715-00338867-00339267 Access to her image was maintained beyond the reach of the public eye.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00716-00339267-00339857 It has been suggested that her image and name survived out of the public eye because whoever
pLW6p1AqoHk-00717-00339857-00340352 had orchestrated her erasure had wanted to avoid sacrilege.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00718-00340352-00340843 Mortuary temples were built to honour the gods, but also to provide a home for the cult
pLW6p1AqoHk-00719-00340843-00341018 of that particular Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00720-00341018-00341567 The cult of the Pharaoh would continue to worship the Pharaoh after they had died, performing
pLW6p1AqoHk-00721-00341567-00341874 rituals which renewed the Pharaoh’s divinity.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00722-00341874-00342541 It was believed that after their death, Pharaohs became fully divine and assimilated with Osiris,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00723-00342541-00342928 god of reincarnation, and Ra, god of the sun.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00724-00342928-00343527 Given this view of Egyptian kingship, whoever erased Hatshepsut may have deliberately avoided
pLW6p1AqoHk-00725-00343527-00343804 tarnishing her divinity.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00726-00343804-00344292 Another theory was that Thutmose aimed to relegate Hatshepsut to the position of regent
pLW6p1AqoHk-00727-00344292-00344845 - the traditional role of powerful women - in order to safeguard future royal succession
pLW6p1AqoHk-00728-00344845-00344945 patterns.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00729-00344945-00345438 The achievements of Hatshepsut’s reign was evidence that the traditional male role of
pLW6p1AqoHk-00730-00345438-00345810 Pharaoh could be successfully held by a woman.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00731-00345810-00346326 Hatshepsut proved - more so than other Ancient Egyptian female rulers - that a woman could
pLW6p1AqoHk-00732-00346326-00346699 rule during a long, prosperous and expansive period.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00733-00346699-00347215 It would also have simplified Thutmose III’s own claim to the throne by implying that he
pLW6p1AqoHk-00734-00347215-00347818 inherited it directly from Thutmose II, the named heir of Thutmose I.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00735-00347818-00348314 This would explain why only public celebrations of Hatshepsut and her accomplishments were
pLW6p1AqoHk-00736-00348314-00348738 erased and why her name was removed from king lists.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00737-00348738-00349260 If the reinterpretation was an attempt to smooth the path for his son’s succession,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00738-00349260-00349888 this would explain why the attack on Hatshepsut only began towards the end of Thutmose III’s
pLW6p1AqoHk-00739-00349888-00350007 reign.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00740-00350007-00350593 Whatever the motive, the brutal but haphazard erasure of Hatshepsut resulted in an incomplete
pLW6p1AqoHk-00741-00350593-00350919 picture of her when she was rescued from history.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00742-00350919-00351444 The destruction of her image and monuments has been dimly interpreted as evidence that
pLW6p1AqoHk-00743-00351444-00351841 she was a power-hungry woman who deserved to be erased.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00744-00351841-00352485 But as cultural attitudes towards women in power have changed, so too have views of Hatshepsut.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00745-00352485-00353016 Instead of asking how she had tricked her way to power and manipulated her step-son,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00746-00353016-00353467 historians today debate the circumstances which allowed Hatshepsut to come to power,
pLW6p1AqoHk-00747-00353467-00354003 her relationship with her co-ruler Thutmose III, and why he might have tried to destroy
pLW6p1AqoHk-00748-00354003-00354328 her memory 20 years after her death.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00749-00354328-00354761 She broke tradition by ruling as regent for a son who was not her own.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00750-00354761-00355290 She was only the second woman to become Pharaoh and rule under her own name.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00751-00355290-00355860 She bolstered female kingship and built extensive temples to publicly celebrate her reign.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00752-00355860-00356337 Many women went on to hold positions of power, including becoming Pharaoh, after her.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00753-00356337-00356970 But she was perhaps given this power by men seeking to further their own wealth and influence.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00754-00356970-00357502 Her heritage and her record as the God’s Wife and as a placeholder ruler while her
pLW6p1AqoHk-00755-00357502-00358066 father was on military campaigns had perhaps convinced elites that she was uniquely placed
pLW6p1AqoHk-00756-00358066-00358419 to rule Egypt at a time of prosperity.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00757-00358419-00358974 She was, as historian Kara Cooney states, “the only woman to have ever taken power
pLW6p1AqoHk-00758-00358974-00359508 as a king in Ancient Egypt during a time of prosperity and expansion.”
pLW6p1AqoHk-00759-00359508-00359885 And then she was erased from history.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00760-00359885-00360377 There is evidence to suggest that Hatshepsut herself was conscious that her legacy might
pLW6p1AqoHk-00761-00360377-00360578 be deliberately buried.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00762-00360578-00361143 On a second pair of obelisks at Karnak, she had the following inscription inscribed:
pLW6p1AqoHk-00763-00361143-00361824 “Now my heart turns this way and that, as I think what the people will say—those who
pLW6p1AqoHk-00764-00361824-00362315 shall see my monuments in years to come, and who shall speak of what I have done.”
pLW6p1AqoHk-00765-00362315-00362807 Although she temporarily disappeared from history, and was not the most famous female
pLW6p1AqoHk-00766-00362807-00363385 Pharaoh (a distinction reserved for Cleopatra), Hatshepsut arguably left the greatest cultural
pLW6p1AqoHk-00767-00363385-00363550 legacy of any Pharaoh.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00768-00363550-00364113 Her monuments and temples inspired thousands of architectural works even after she was
pLW6p1AqoHk-00769-00364113-00364213 gone.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00770-00364213-00364671 Some of the greatest architectural wonders of the ancient world, including her mortuary
pLW6p1AqoHk-00771-00364671-00364931 temple, were built during her reign.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00772-00364931-00365536 Masses of exotic goods, artefacts, artworks and monuments found from Hatshepsut’s reign
pLW6p1AqoHk-00773-00365536-00366082 show that she laid the foundations of the golden age of the New Kingdom.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00774-00366082-00366608 Ancient Egypt undoubtedly flourished under her rule.
pLW6p1AqoHk-00775-00366608-00366788 What do you think of Hatshepsut?
pLW6p1AqoHk-00776-00366788-00367381 Was she an effective and legitimate ruler or was she a scheming stepmother removed from
pLW6p1AqoHk-00777-00367381-00367673 history because she had stolen the throne?
pLW6p1AqoHk-00778-00367673-00368197 Please let us know in the comment section, and in the meantime, thank you very much for
pLW6p1AqoHk-00779-00368197-00368247 watching.
pM94YfP6sCA-00000-00004147-00005416 After successful cooperation with Belom in the last season, this year we are starting with a slightly larger scale, which is the use of absolutely entire palette of their ammo.
pM94YfP6sCA-00001-00005442-00007089 We used their balls last year and we used pheasant bullets 3 to 3.5 mm, the experiences are really impressive and based on that we were very satisfied.
pM94YfP6sCA-00002-00007165-00007873 We continue our cooperation this season with the fact that this year, we will shoot with almost all of their ammunition.
pM94YfP6sCA-00003-00007957-00008718 They get their components from abroad, the ammunition is assembled in Serbia and the quality is checked.
pM94YfP6sCA-00004-00008782-00010187 At the very beginning of the season we will start with the trap, they do the trap in three versions. There is regular trap, mach two and trap match.
pM94YfP6sCA-00005-00010200-00011669 The difference between match 2 and trap match is in the percentage of antimony. In addition to shooting, we will also try this ammunition in summer hunting, such as wild pigeon and turtledove.
pM94YfP6sCA-00006-00011762-00013040 Additionally, something else interesting for pigeons is the 2.5mm with a 32g basket, that will surely be great for shooting at a little longer range.
pM94YfP6sCA-00007-00013182-00015075 Next in line is the 2.5mm 32g dispersant. I think this bullet will find great use at the beginning of the hunting season, which is pheasant hunting. But we will certainly shoot it at wild pigeons from a shorter distance.
pM94YfP6sCA-00008-00015154-00017367 The next in line is ammunition for quails, the quails start around August 15. This is elaboration 1.7, they make ammunition 28 and 32 g. They even make it without a basket, but it's just too big of a cloud of dust so we decided to skip it.
pM94YfP6sCA-00009-00017400-00019966 What is increasingly popular among younger hunters is caliber 20, so we will be using the elaboration 2.0, in 26g when hunting quail and wild pigeons.
pM94YfP6sCA-00010-00019993-00021526 Of course standard 16 caliber ammunition, maybe not such a popular caliber at the moment, but there are certainly people who use it. We have a 3mm and a 3.5mm that will complete some regular fall hunting.
pM94YfP6sCA-00011-00021541-00024306 Of course there is also their pheasant bullet, exceptional ammunition really all recommendations, extremely fast bullet, strong basket for long shots 30 to 40 m all recommendations. We had a lot of kills and that will be good for rabbit hunting, especially this year.
pM94YfP6sCA-00012-00024408-00027193 And now something that is specially designed for powered hunting, which is 4 and 4.5 mm without basket. Considering that most of the driving hunts are shot at very short distances, the shooting paths are short and then the bullet with the basket comes as a difficulty, it is quite difficult to hit the game.
pM94YfP6sCA-00013-00027218-00029530 A bullet without a basket of course works completely differently. We have 4 and 4,5mm. It will be great for a driven hunt and expulsion from bales of hay. So all in all it's a versatile palette.
pM94YfP6sCA-00014-00029557-00031636 This is just an introduction, we are looking forward to using this ammo during the season, so the excitement is great and of course we should also support domestic production, I think they have quality, at least according to what we have tried so far.
pM94YfP6sCA-00015-00031656-00033715 Everything was fantastic, the bullets are uniform, perfectly sealed, the powder burns well, which is the most important thing, it means that there is no dirt in the barrel. What Belom is doing is great work, and let's support local, let's buy local, we are thereby helping our economy.
pM94YfP6sCA-00016-00037493-00039165 Today we plan to hunt quail, officially our first outing. We will use Belom ammo, since we hunt with 12 and 20 caliber, we have two elaborations.
pM94YfP6sCA-00017-00039261-00041846 In caliber 20 that is 1.7 and 2.0, and that is all 26g. And in caliber 12 we have 32g without basket, that will be the first bullet.
pM94YfP6sCA-00018-00043092-00045716 And for the second bullet we will take 32g with the basket, that is 1.7, and we also have 28g of 1.7 with the basket. We'll take this as a trial run to see how it works.
pM94YfP6sCA-00019-00047058-00047400 Our dogs are with us today, our little assistants.
pM94YfP6sCA-00020-00049730-00050250 There is a lot of shooting here, so the basis protection are plugs.
pM94YfP6sCA-00021-00052648-00052877 I will use these without the basket first.
pM94YfP6sCA-00022-00073525-00073725 The first of this season!
pM94YfP6sCA-00023-00096366-00096566 These were really far away.
pM94YfP6sCA-00024-00103600-00103800 Bullets did a great job.
pM94YfP6sCA-00025-00104963-00105799 Many thanks to our friend who was the cameraman in this hunt. And in the afternoon we will hunt doves.
pM94YfP6sCA-00026-00107017-00108844 We continue the hunt, this will be great practice for the upcoming pheasant hunt. We are hunting them in the sunflower fields, so far found a good position, so we will see how it goes.
pM94YfP6sCA-00027-00108957-00111356 As for ammunition, Belom, but this time we will shoot mach and mach 2, for the second bullet a little further shooting. We will try this 1.7 as well, but I think the trap is the best here. We also have 32 grams 2.5 mm, which we will leave for some very distant situations.
pM94YfP6sCA-00028-00142096-00143254 I can't catch these from the side at all, just a few. But well, that's why we practice.
pM94YfP6sCA-00029-00143431-00144624 The hunt was successfully completed, there were hits, that is, a lot of misses and the occasional hit. But considering it's the first day of the season, I'm happy.
pM94YfP6sCA-00030-00145622-00147619 All in all, an excellent exercise before the upcoming pheasant and rabbit hunting season, and you can certainly feel the variations and differences in the ammunition.
pM94YfP6sCA-00031-00147633-00149356 Bullets are strong, recoils are faster, you will see that in some videos and shots, how they have an effect on game. That's it for this part, I hope that in the coming days we will have the opportunity to go duck hunting and thus complete the september hunt.
pM94YfP6sCA-00032-00150619-00151780 We continue the september hunt, it's the ducks' turn, so it can be very good and it can be very bad, we'll see.
pM94YfP6sCA-00033-00152255-00154030 Today we use two bullets 2.5mm 32g and 3mm 36g. The pheasant bullet proved to be very good for us last year, especially for long shots.
pM94YfP6sCA-00034-00155617-00156165 For the first bullet 2.5mm 32g, we hope for the best!
pM94YfP6sCA-00035-00165980-00166363 Both the dogs and us are impatient!
pM94YfP6sCA-00036-00166676-00166876 Night is slowly falling.
pM94YfP6sCA-00037-00168719-00169350 The first one flew in, let's go!
pM94YfP6sCA-00038-00184892-00185855 Evening hunt successfully completed. I shot a little tonight, but the others did a little better. Let's go to them to see how they did.
pM94YfP6sCA-00039-00186083-00186541 Due to the darkness, we were unable to capture a good part of the shooting on camera, but there was a lot of it.
pM94YfP6sCA-00040-00190266-00192019 The hunt was successful, for some less and for some more, I missed everything I could have missed, but my colleague was more lucky. For the first hunt, we are satisfied, the bullet performed well.
pM94YfP6sCA-00041-00192316-00192873 These couple of hits with the second bullet were at serious range, so very good bullets.
pM94YfP6sCA-00042-00193497-00194280 We are closing this first September hunt, but we are continuing at the same pace.
pM94YfP6sCA-00043-00195696-00196111 A week later, we continue with an even larger composition.
pM94YfP6sCA-00044-00205484-00205858 Everyone is in position, now we have to wait and hope that as many of them will come!
pM94YfP6sCA-00045-00225877-00226077 This one is older.
pM94YfP6sCA-00046-00227611-00228053 Production 2022.
pNanCHK2vgu-00000-00000352-00000824 Hi, I'm Cecilia an artist and instructor at the Bainbridge Island Museum of Art,
pNanCHK2vgu-00001-00000824-00001592 here with another Art in Action BIMA from Home. Today we'll be creating landscape collage.
pNanCHK2vgu-00002-00002007-00002320 Here's what you will need, magazines,
pNanCHK2vgu-00003-00002400-00002984 card stock paper or something a little bit thicker than regular paper, scissors and a glue stick.
pNanCHK2vgu-00004-00003264-00003784 Look through your magazines and try to find pages that have either sections or a full page of color.
pNanCHK2vgu-00005-00004000-00004408 Set those aside, cut out the white areas that have text.
pNanCHK2vgu-00006-00004944-00005600 Start to cut mountain like shapes or waves in different lengths. The length of the shape
pNanCHK2vgu-00007-00005600-00006264 depends on the size of the paper you're using. I will continue to cut out wave or mountain shapes
pNanCHK2vgu-00008-00006264-00007544 for the rest of my pages and I'll move my images around until I like the placement.
pNanCHK2vgu-00009-00008224-00008832 Next I'll glue them on my cardstock. I'll start by working on the bottom of my page and then move up
pNanCHK2vgu-00010-00008832-00009984 leaving a little bit of room at the top so that it is easier for the next image to slide underneath.
pNanCHK2vgu-00011-00010384-00011384 Don't forget to go over your images and add more glue as needed, press firmly for a better stick.
pNanCHK2vgu-00012-00011440-00011912 Flip over your cardstock and cut off any extra magazine page that could be hanging off.
pNanCHK2vgu-00013-00012472-00013024 Reuse or experiment with the small scraps you have left to fill in spaces on the cardstock
pNanCHK2vgu-00014-00013024-00013216 or on top of your existing collage.
pNanCHK2vgu-00015-00013888-00014280 Thanks for watching, feel free to share any work inspired by this project,
pNanCHK2vgu-00016-00014280-00015584 until next time it's Art in Action.
pOj49ACqFy0-00000-00000349-00000903 Adding or removing students from your course is usually the role of an administrator in
pOj49ACqFy0-00001-00000903-00001213 your department or faculty.
pOj49ACqFy0-00002-00001213-00001736 They will bulk enroll all students before the start of the quarter or semester in your
pOj49ACqFy0-00003-00001736-00001935 course.
pOj49ACqFy0-00004-00001935-00002491 They will also take care of removing students that are deregistered.
pOj49ACqFy0-00005-00002491-00003028 However, it is sometimes necessary, especially in a small course or at the master's level
pOj49ACqFy0-00006-00003028-00003295 to enroll students yourself.
pOj49ACqFy0-00007-00003295-00003779 To do so, click on "Course Admin" and then on "Class List".
pOj49ACqFy0-00008-00003779-00004261 You then need to click on "Add Participants" and then in the drop down select the option
pOj49ACqFy0-00009-00004261-00004571 "Add Existing Users".
pOj49ACqFy0-00010-00004571-00005062 These refer to users that already exist in the Brightspace system.
pOj49ACqFy0-00011-00005062-00005600 Then you must perform a search for their name.
pOj49ACqFy0-00012-00005600-00006226 Type in a part of their name, first name, last name or event their student number.
pOj49ACqFy0-00013-00006226-00006768 Make sure all of these checkboxes are selected and then click on the magnifying glass or
pOj49ACqFy0-00014-00006768-00007120 type enter on your keyboard to start the search.
pOj49ACqFy0-00015-00007120-00007443 Scroll down the page and you will see the search results.
pOj49ACqFy0-00016-00007443-00008109 Select the desired student and then choose a role.
pOj49ACqFy0-00017-00008109-00008343 You must select "Student".
pOj49ACqFy0-00018-00008343-00008946 Please do not enroll a student at any other level in your course.
pOj49ACqFy0-00019-00008946-00009599 Once their name is selected, please click "Enroll Selected Users".
pOj49ACqFy0-00020-00009599-00009978 It will process that enrollment and then you click "Done".
pOj49ACqFy0-00021-00009978-00010472 Or add more participants, if you need to do it a second time.
pOj49ACqFy0-00022-00010472-00010985 Please note that if you go and repeat the second time, you do need to clear the search
pOj49ACqFy0-00023-00010985-00011360 box and start over again.
pOj49ACqFy0-00024-00011360-00011771 Once enrolled that student will appear in your class list.
pOj49ACqFy0-00025-00011771-00012331 You can confirm that by clicking on enrollment statistics and you should see that the number
pOj49ACqFy0-00026-00012331-00012779 of student enrollments has been increased by one or more.
pOj49ACqFy0-00027-00012779-00013074 Removing a student follows the same principle.
pOj49ACqFy0-00028-00013074-00014007 Select their name, then click on "Unenroll" at the top, confirm that choice and the student
pOj49ACqFy0-00029-00014007-00014386 has been removed.
pOj49ACqFy0-00030-00014386-00014818 To end this video we want to be clear that these are actions that should be done infrequently.
pOj49ACqFy0-00031-00014818-00014968 You can see that it is a very manual process to add or remove a student.
pOj49ACqFy0-00032-00014968-00015794 Bulk enrollment and deregistration is done centrally via a coordinator in your faculty.
pOj49ACqFy0-00033-00015794-00016041 Please refer to them for any questions.
pP6dboD-2-Y-00000-00000000-00000200 hi everyone
pP6dboD-2-Y-00001-00000200-00001979 this is bank nifty 1 minute chart Buy call Generated so Green color candle Appeared
pP6dboD-2-Y-00002-00001979-00004528 in this chart you will receive calls in live market 
pP6dboD-2-Y-00004-00008576-00009615 will it breakout 38000 Round
pP6dboD-2-Y-00006-00013607-00016127 within 20 minutes market reached target
pP6dboD-2-Y-00008-00019571-00020436 we always refer In the Money Option Direct Trading
pP6dboD-2-Y-00009-00020436-00022489 For Chart Subscription details WhatsApp - 9488462166
pP6dboD-2-Y-00010-00022489-00022539 Thank You
pR_du2KTjuI-00000-00005100-00005400 there's something else!
pR_du2KTjuI-00001-00006000-00006500 report from fan: that person commited murder was gone, since that time.. there's no one here.
pR_du2KTjuI-00002-00006500-00007000 there was empty... since that person was gone.
pR_du2KTjuI-00003-00011300-00011600 water sound? it's like whispering?!
pR_du2KTjuI-00004-00013100-00013400 who's there? someone in there?
pR_du2KTjuI-00005-00016600-00017000 what... the electricity is here?
pR_du2KTjuI-00006-00018400-00018600 i think... i don't think this house is not to me.
pR_du2KTjuI-00007-00018700-00019000 not funny! (but i am so scared inside!)
pR_du2KTjuI-00008-00020100-00020500 that window... i think someone is looking at me.
pR_du2KTjuI-00009-00022300-00022600 micol care about that.
pR_du2KTjuI-00010-00030500-00030800 nothing in the room...
pR_du2KTjuI-00011-00035500-00035700 what happened that record board?
pR_du2KTjuI-00012-00035700-00035900 what? that?
pR_du2KTjuI-00013-00039900-00040200 hey... i wanna talk with you. come on out.
pR_du2KTjuI-00014-00040400-00040600 just give me a second.
pR_du2KTjuI-00015-00041200-00041500 i will gonna get in.
pR_du2KTjuI-00016-00042300-00042500 what the?
pR_du2KTjuI-00017-00042600-00042800 where this sound from?
pR_du2KTjuI-00018-00044700-00045000 what's in there?
pR_du2KTjuI-00019-00045000-00045200 what's in inside?
pR_du2KTjuI-00020-00046900-00047200 it's just pot. empty pot.
pR_du2KTjuI-00021-00047800-00048100 there are no electricity.
pR_du2KTjuI-00022-00052000-00052500 i didn't check the things inside of plastic bag.
pR_du2KTjuI-00023-00056000-00056240 guys, didn't you hear the sound? (it isn't water sound!)
pR_du2KTjuI-00024-00059900-00060200 something is dragging to inside...
pR_du2KTjuI-00025-00061100-00061300 that hand! what the...!
pR_du2KTjuI-00026-00061500-00062000 micol says something like hand kept dragging micol
pR_du2KTjuI-00027-00063300-00063500 we better stop.
pR_du2KTjuI-00028-00068900-00069300 there's still electricity but... it's not all the time.
pR_du2KTjuI-00029-00069600-00070000 we understand what you doing.
pR_du2KTjuI-00030-00074200-00074500 that light was suddenlt fell down!
pR_du2KTjuI-00031-00075900-00076100 i can't do that.
pR_du2KTjuI-00032-00080700-00081200 micol tried to give cigarette and talk with it...
pR_du2KTjuI-00033-00081600-00082100 but that spirit still deny it.
pR_du2KTjuI-00034-00083300-00083800 micol put things aside again.
pR_du2KTjuI-00035-00084200-00084700 micol decided to come here again
pR_du2KTjuI-00036-00085200-00085400 i wanna to come here again more.
pR_du2KTjuI-00037-00085400-00085600 can't talk with it...
pR_du2KTjuI-00038-00085600-00085800 that spirit is going harder and harder..
pR_du2KTjuI-00039-00086100-00086300 honestly, it's too hard. it's insane.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00000-00000436-00000561 WELCOME TO ALL HANDS UPDATE.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00001-00000561-00000921 I'M PETTY OFFICER JONATHAN PANKAU WITH YOUR HEADLINES FROM AROUND THE FLEET.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00002-00000921-00001436 A NAVADMIN WAS RELEASED OCTOBER 9TH DETAILING FISCAL YEAR 14 GENERAL MILITARY TRAINING TOPICS.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00003-00001436-00001654 THERE ARE TWO CATEGORIES OF GMT THIS YEAR.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00004-00001654-00001914 THE FIRST CATEGORY INCLUDES INSTRUCTOR-LED COURSES.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00005-00001914-00002230 THE SECOND CATEGORY INCLUDES ONLINE COURSES AT NAVY E-LEARNING.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00006-00002230-00002527 FOR MORE DETAILS, SEE NAVADMIN 264/13.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00007-00002527-00002865 OCTOBER IS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AWARENESS MONTH.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00008-00002865-00003321 NAVY'S THEME THIS YEAR, "SILENCE HIDES VIOLENCE," AIMS TO BRING AWARENESS TO HOW ABUSE IN RELATIONSHIPS
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00009-00003321-00003570 ARE IN A CULTURE OF SHAME AND SILENCE.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00010-00003570-00003945 IF YOU, OR ANYONE YOU KNOW, IS A VICTIM OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE CALL THE NATIONAL DOMESTIC
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00011-00003945-00004477 VIOLENCE HOTLINE AT 1-800-799-SAFE, OR ONLINE AT THEHOTLINE.ORG.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00012-00004477-00004668 YOU CAN READ MORE ABOUT THESE STORIES AT NAVY.MIL.
pR_T3XCgcsQ-00013-00004668-00004890 FROM ALL HANDS UPDATE, THANKS FOR WATCHING.
pRCYsOmw1YQ-00000-00001000-00001900 Sanjay Leela Bhansali's Padmaavat selected for the 21st Shanghai International Film Festival
pRCYsOmw1YQ-00001-00002000-00003300 The official Instagram handle of Padmaavat shared that the Sanjay Leela Bhansali directorial has been selected in the 21st Shanghai International Film Festival (SIFF).
pRCYsOmw1YQ-00002-00003400-00005500 Sanjay Leela Bhansalis Padmaavat selected for the 21st Shanghai International Film Festival The official Instagram handle of Padmaavat shared that the Sanjay Leela Bhansali directorial has been selected in the 21st Shanghai International Film Festival (SIFF).
pRCYsOmw1YQ-00003-00005600-00007200 Sanjay Leela Bhansalis Padmaavat hit the silver screens in January this year, after facing immense protests. The movie was mired in controversies ever since its inception and the release of the film had to be deferred.
pRCYsOmw1YQ-00004-00007300-00009300 Ranveer Singh portrayed the role of Allaudin Khilji in the period-drama, Deepika Padukone essayed Rani Padmavati and Shahid Kapoor played Maharawal Ratan Singh. The moment it hit the box office, Padmaavat was a blockbuster hit.
pRCYsOmw1YQ-00005-00009400-00010400 The film made over Rs 500 Crores worldwide and all actors received immense praises for their roles.
pRCYsOmw1YQ-00006-00010500-00012500 Looks like the films success hasnt stopped, the official Instagram handle of Padmaavat shared that the Sanjay Leela Bhansali directorial has been selected in the 21st Shanghai International Film Festival (SIFF). The world continues to shower their love on #Padmaavat.
pRCYsOmw1YQ-00007-00012600-00014400 We’re selected in the 21st Shanghai International Film Festival (SIFF)., shared the handle. Check out the Instagram post right here: Initially titled Padmavati, the film was scheduled for release on December 1 last year.
pRCYsOmw1YQ-00008-00014500-00016200 But owing to nationwide protests by Rajput groups over its historical content, the makers decided to defer the film. Moreover, the Central Board of Film Certification too hadn’t issued the clearance certificate.
pRCYsOmw1YQ-00009-00016300-00017800 It was only after seeking suggestions from a panel of experts that the Censor Board released a screening certificate. It had also suggested a few modifications and the same were duly incorporated by the makers.
pS3nuNqShi8-00000-00000927-00001255 first off let's have a look at how we go about selecting
pS3nuNqShi8-00001-00001255-00001703 our switches and the minimum features that we need
pS3nuNqShi8-00002-00001703-00002232 it is very essential that the switch we buy is standards compliant
pS3nuNqShi8-00003-00002232-00002543 we don't want to buy non-standard devices
pS3nuNqShi8-00004-00002543-00002856 because it will make integration with our management system
pS3nuNqShi8-00005-00002856-00003279 very challenging and make future upgrades very difficult
pS3nuNqShi8-00006-00003279-00003584 because non-standard compliance switches will not
pS3nuNqShi8-00007-00003584-00004087 interoperate properly with standards compliance switches
pS3nuNqShi8-00008-00004087-00004720 we also like to see that these switches have encrypted management so
pS3nuNqShi8-00009-00004720-00005000 that would be secure shower for remote access
pS3nuNqShi8-00010-00005000-00005684 or if the switch offers a web interface that access would be secured by using
pS3nuNqShi8-00011-00005684-00006071 https we've also learned so far in this campus
pS3nuNqShi8-00012-00006071-00006479 network design series that vlan trunking is essential for a
pS3nuNqShi8-00013-00006479-00006872 campus network so the switches need to have vlan
pS3nuNqShi8-00014-00006872-00007295 trunking support spanning tree is an absolute essential
pS3nuNqShi8-00015-00007295-00007575 and we recommend that rapid spanning tree
pS3nuNqShi8-00016-00007575-00008159 is the minimum the switch will support we also require simple network
pS3nuNqShi8-00017-00008159-00008632 management protocol at least version 2 and version 3 has
pS3nuNqShi8-00018-00008632-00009120 much better security we also would like to see the switch
pS3nuNqShi8-00019-00009120-00009600 supporting snmp traps remote management and configuration
pS3nuNqShi8-00020-00009600-00010136 backup is also essential the command line interface is preferred
pS3nuNqShi8-00021-00010136-00010472 and also a serial console can be very desirable
pS3nuNqShi8-00022-00010472-00010800 especially if access via the ip management
pS3nuNqShi8-00023-00010800-00011160 connectivity is lost
pS3nuNqShi8-00024-00011215-00011560 there are several other recommended features we'd like to see in switches as
pS3nuNqShi8-00025-00011560-00012007 well and these include dhcp snooping
pS3nuNqShi8-00026-00012007-00012464 which prevents end users from running a rogue dhcp server
pS3nuNqShi8-00027-00012464-00012880 this happens a lot with little wireless routers the netgears linksys
pS3nuNqShi8-00028-00012880-00013368 d-links and so forth when they are plugged in backwards
pS3nuNqShi8-00029-00013368-00013680 now these routers are intended for home use
pS3nuNqShi8-00030-00013680-00014031 but invariably they find their way into the campus network
pS3nuNqShi8-00031-00014031-00014336 usually when a member of staff wants to extend
pS3nuNqShi8-00032-00014336-00014640 the little network they have in their office
pS3nuNqShi8-00033-00014640-00015056 of course they look at the little router and they see the ports one is labeled
pS3nuNqShi8-00034-00015056-00015440 internet and then the four ports labeled lan and
pS3nuNqShi8-00035-00015440-00015840 then they think oh well we can't plug internet in because that's for internet
pS3nuNqShi8-00036-00015840-00016376 so they plug the lan port into the office network that you've provided
pS3nuNqShi8-00037-00016376-00016856 and what that does it then provides the little router's dhcp server
pS3nuNqShi8-00038-00016856-00017344 full access to the campus these lan ports are intended for home users to
pS3nuNqShi8-00039-00017344-00017623 plug in their devices and get an ip address
pS3nuNqShi8-00040-00017623-00018056 so they can use the internet you don't want these routers to be
pS3nuNqShi8-00041-00018056-00018559 connected into your campus network and you don't want the dhcp server that
pS3nuNqShi8-00042-00018559-00019064 runs in these little routers to be visible to anyone at all
pS3nuNqShi8-00043-00019064-00019768 so dhcp snooping allows the uplink ports towards legitimate dhcp server to be
pS3nuNqShi8-00044-00019768-00020168 trusted and all the other ports to be marked as
pS3nuNqShi8-00045-00020168-00020528 untrusted if dhcp offers arrive on any of these
pS3nuNqShi8-00046-00020528-00020784 untrusted ports they're immediately dropped
pS3nuNqShi8-00047-00020784-00021112 and that will protect the campus network from any
pS3nuNqShi8-00048-00021112-00021631 unauthorized dhcp servers being connected to it
pS3nuNqShi8-00049-00021631-00021976 the second feature we would like to see is ra guard
pS3nuNqShi8-00050-00021976-00022320 with more and more campuses now deploying ipv6
pS3nuNqShi8-00051-00022320-00022664 this prevents end users from sending ipv6
pS3nuNqShi8-00052-00022664-00023072 router advertisements out onto the campus network
pS3nuNqShi8-00053-00023072-00023640 this happens a lot with all the windows devices which have ipv6 enabled
pS3nuNqShi8-00054-00023640-00023959 these devices if they don't get a v6 address
pS3nuNqShi8-00055-00023959-00024287 or try and build an automatic tunnel to somewhere that
pS3nuNqShi8-00056-00024287-00024792 is configured in the kernel that actually has v6 connectivity
pS3nuNqShi8-00057-00024792-00025295 once the tunnel is set up these devices then announce themselves as ipv6 routers
pS3nuNqShi8-00058-00025295-00025704 out for ethernet ports and suddenly all your user devices which
pS3nuNqShi8-00059-00025704-00026039 are v6 capability will configure a v6 address
pS3nuNqShi8-00060-00026039-00026632 and use this old windows device as the gateway to the internet
pS3nuNqShi8-00061-00026632-00027032 this is not only a major security risk and could be a massive bottleneck for
pS3nuNqShi8-00062-00027032-00027375 campus traffic as this traffic heads out to some
pS3nuNqShi8-00063-00027375-00027816 unknown tunnel destination somewhere else in the world
pS3nuNqShi8-00064-00027816-00028136 aria guard will prevent this from happening and
pS3nuNqShi8-00065-00028136-00028632 is really quite necessary for a campus network
pS3nuNqShi8-00066-00028647-00029008 the next feature is dynamic arp inspection
pS3nuNqShi8-00067-00029008-00029447 a malicious host can perform man in the middle attack by sending gratuitous arp
pS3nuNqShi8-00068-00029447-00029832 responses or responding to requests by providing
pS3nuNqShi8-00069-00029832-00030336 bogus information what dynamic arp inspection does is
pS3nuNqShi8-00070-00030336-00030839 allow the switch to look inside our packets and discard gratuities and
pS3nuNqShi8-00071-00030839-00031232 invalid arp packets
pS3nuNqShi8-00072-00031239-00031624 another feature that's useful is igmp snooping
pS3nuNqShi8-00073-00031624-00031944 switches will normally flag multicast frames out
pS3nuNqShi8-00074-00031944-00032527 every single port snooping on igmp traffic means that the switch can learn
pS3nuNqShi8-00075-00032527-00032880 which stations are members of which group and then will
pS3nuNqShi8-00076-00032880-00033440 only forward the multicast frames out to the devices that are members of
pS3nuNqShi8-00077-00033440-00033832 the particular group this is very important for example when
pS3nuNqShi8-00078-00033832-00034060 users run Norton Ghost.
pSOPXddXoHo-00000-00000003-00000590 Hey guys, it's me Stella Luna Shine and welcome to my youtube channel and today, I'm gonna do a little story time
pSOPXddXoHo-00001-00001845-00002743 So you know what happened about pocky commercial parody turns out that my teacher decided to show in my class my one-minute video from my youtube channel
pSOPXddXoHo-00002-00002750-00002992 My class kind of like it the I did a really good job
pSOPXddXoHo-00003-00003009-00003751 And they kind of like my editing finally I finished my essay and now not looking forward to revision it and then I baked cookies
pSOPXddXoHo-00004-00003804-00004174 So hard to make something healthier everything out turns out wrong
pSOPXddXoHo-00005-00004211-00004576 I didn't even follow the recipe I tried to make it a small portions
pSOPXddXoHo-00006-00004577-00004816 I'm not making whole lot so I try like three attempts
pSOPXddXoHo-00007-00004817-00004959 I think one attempt was
pSOPXddXoHo-00008-00004959-00005482 Healthier version in second attempt I add too much baking soda taste bitter taste like bread third attempt
pSOPXddXoHo-00009-00005482-00005812 I coat it with sugar and then put a little bit baking soda
pSOPXddXoHo-00010-00005852-00006304 Not a whole lot but turn out alright, and I gotta show you guys next time when I'm baked cookies
pSOPXddXoHo-00011-00006305-00006875 I talked to my cousin. I'm so sorry for you guys. I wanted to do like a little makeup thing with my cousin
pSOPXddXoHo-00012-00006875-00007213 She didn't want to be in the video because I guess she don't wanna put yourself out there
pSOPXddXoHo-00013-00007227-00007502 But at least didn't get away her name yet. Yeah, which is so sad
pSOPXddXoHo-00014-00007502-00007795 I mean like I want to do videos other than me recording myself
pSOPXddXoHo-00015-00007795-00008158 do videos with some other people one time when my friend
pSOPXddXoHo-00016-00008159-00008854 I do like a little video on DIY thing she looks like she doesn't seem kind of interest when she said yes
pSOPXddXoHo-00017-00008854-00009229 That's why I never tried to ask anyone be in my video me
pSOPXddXoHo-00018-00009229-00009760 I would love to it would be much more fun if I did something like that like maybe do collab if anyone has a youtube channel
pSOPXddXoHo-00019-00009761-00010372 There's no like other YouTube's around my town the Pocky commercial parody that my teachers showed the class
pSOPXddXoHo-00020-00010372-00010600 I hope that really did promote my youtube channel
pSOPXddXoHo-00021-00010636-00010706 I don't know
pSOPXddXoHo-00022-00010706-00011326 It was supposed to out of nowhere my latin teacher email me something about this latin test
pSOPXddXoHo-00023-00011327-00011665 And I asked her like why did you send this this email even though
pSOPXddXoHo-00024-00011665-00012046 I don't have Latin anymore with you, and then she said oh it was a little mistaken
pSOPXddXoHo-00025-00012047-00012637 But then she told me like you know to come to her class and then like you know discuss my plans after graduation my other
pSOPXddXoHo-00026-00012654-00012997 Teachers that I know of they kind of really like one of my videos
pSOPXddXoHo-00027-00013056-00013527 the way I sent from the email and one of my commercial parody to one other teachers that I know
pSOPXddXoHo-00028-00013562-00014106 Thank you for watching my video my life is not that really interesting if you want to hear more storytime comment down below
pSOPXddXoHo-00029-00014116-00014364 And thank you for watching
pTEJvtvKTxo-00000-00000001-00000105 (male narrator) In this video,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00001-00000105-00000401 we are going to begin looking at least common denominators
pTEJvtvKTxo-00002-00000401-00000603 and how we can find them with numbers
pTEJvtvKTxo-00003-00000603-00000801 to establish a pattern that we'll use
pTEJvtvKTxo-00004-00000801-00001201 when we get to rational expressions with polynomials.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00005-00001303-00001600 To find the least common denominator of numbers,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00006-00001600-00001804 we need to find the prime factorization--
pTEJvtvKTxo-00007-00001804-00002006 or a product of primes...
pTEJvtvKTxo-00008-00002505-00002706 that give us our number.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00009-00002706-00003008 Prime numbers are divisible by only 1 and themselves,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00010-00003008-00003708 such as 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and so on.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00011-00003901-00004103 To find the least common denominator
pTEJvtvKTxo-00012-00004103-00004508 from this prime factorization, we will use all the factors
pTEJvtvKTxo-00013-00004508-00005003 in the prime factorization with highest exponents.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00014-00005305-00005508 Let's take a look at some examples
pTEJvtvKTxo-00015-00005508-00005709 where we can find prime factorizations
pTEJvtvKTxo-00016-00005709-00006104 and then the least common denominator.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00017-00006302-00006604 Here, we're considering the numbers 20 and 3.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00018-00006604-00006900 A good way to find the prime factorization
pTEJvtvKTxo-00019-00006900-00007202 is take the number 20 and start dividing out,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00020-00007202-00007505 upside down if you will, prime factors:
pTEJvtvKTxo-00021-00007505-00008000 20 is divisible by 2, ten times.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00022-00008000-00008601 This is divisible by another prime factor: 2, five times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00023-00008601-00009101 which is divisible by 5, one time.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00024-00009101-00009403 Once we divide down to a number of 1,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00025-00009403-00009903 the numbers on the side will make up the prime factorization:
pTEJvtvKTxo-00026-00009903-00010308 2 times 2, times 5-- or 2 squared, times 5--
pTEJvtvKTxo-00027-00010308-00010606 gives us 20.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00028-00010606-00011107 Similarly, we'll find the prime factorization of 36:
pTEJvtvKTxo-00029-00011107-00011705 36 is divisible by the prime factor 2, eighteen times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00030-00011705-00012203 which is divisible by the prime factor 2, nine times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00031-00012203-00012602 which is divisible by the prime factor 3, three times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00032-00012602-00013009 which is divisible by the prime factor 3, one time.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00033-00013009-00013404 2 times 2, times 3, times 3, is 36;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00034-00013404-00013704 or 2 squared, times 3 squared.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00035-00013902-00014109 To find the least common denominator from these,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00036-00014109-00014405 we use all the factors that showed up.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00037-00014405-00014604 We have a 2.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00038-00014706-00015005 We have a 5.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00039-00015005-00015209 Already covered 2.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00040-00015209-00015509 And we have a 3.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00041-00015509-00015802 Then, I go back and I assign
pTEJvtvKTxo-00042-00015802-00016009 the highest exponent we see on any number.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00043-00016009-00016306 The highest exponent we see on a 2--
pTEJvtvKTxo-00044-00016306-00016700 we have a tie--is squared.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00045-00016700-00017007 The highest exponent I see on a 5 is 1,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00046-00017007-00017400 and the highest exponent on 3 is squared.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00047-00017505-00018007 Multiplying these out gives us 4 times 5, times 9--
pTEJvtvKTxo-00048-00018007-00018408 doing the exponents first-- or 180
pTEJvtvKTxo-00049-00018408-00018908 for the least common multiple or denominator of 20 and 36.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00050-00019108-00019407 Let's try another example where the prime factorization
pTEJvtvKTxo-00051-00019407-00019800 can tell us the least common denominator.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00052-00019908-00020406 First, let's find the prime factorization of the 18:
pTEJvtvKTxo-00053-00020406-00021002 2 goes into 18, nine times; 3 goes into 9, three times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00054-00021002-00021208 and 3 goes into 3, one time.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00055-00021208-00021801 Our prime factorization for 18 is 2 times 3 squared.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00056-00022008-00022605 54, similarly, is divisible by 2, twenty-seven times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00057-00022605-00023106 which is divisible by 3, nine times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00058-00023106-00023401 which is divisible by 3, three times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00059-00023401-00023700 which is divisible by 3, once.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00060-00023700-00024105 This gives us 2 times 3 cubed.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00061-00024105-00024407 81 is divisible by 3, twenty-seven times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00062-00024407-00024702 which is divisible by 3, nine times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00063-00024702-00024906 which is divisible by 3, three times;
pTEJvtvKTxo-00064-00024906-00025200 which is divisible by 3, once.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00065-00025200-00025600 81 is 3 to the 4th power.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00066-00025600-00025802 To find our least common denominator,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00067-00025802-00026306 we take all the factors that showed up: 2 and 3.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00068-00026306-00026607 Notice the rest are just repeats.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00069-00026607-00027002 Taking the highest exponent on 2, there is none.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00070-00027002-00027500 Highest exponent on 3 is 4, and we can multiply this out
pTEJvtvKTxo-00071-00027500-00027807 to get our least common denominator--or multiple--
pTEJvtvKTxo-00072-00027807-00028106 of 18, 54, and 81.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00073-00028106-00028302 Doing the exponent first,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00074-00028302-00028503 we have 2 times 81,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00075-00028503-00029101 which gives us 162 for the least common denominator.
pTEJvtvKTxo-00076-00029101-00029206 From the factorization,
pTEJvtvKTxo-00077-00029206-00029701 we use all factors with highest exponents.
pTYt4XtrUCY-00000-00000003-00000485 okay so we're looking at the internal anatomy here at the heart, I will follow it
pTYt4XtrUCY-00001-00000485-00000813 just like we followed blood flow through the heart.
pTYt4XtrUCY-00002-00000813-00001419 So, that begins here in the right atrium. Okay so in the right atrium we've got
pTYt4XtrUCY-00003-00001419-00002127 the fresh blood from the body coming in typically un-oxygenated, you can see the
pTYt4XtrUCY-00004-00002127-00002667 fossa ovalis here, it's a remnant from when you're in utero, now it's just kind
pTYt4XtrUCY-00005-00002667-00003239 of an indention there in the right atrium. The atrial themselves are made up
pTYt4XtrUCY-00006-00003239-00003686 of this particular type of muscle called the pectinate muscles they help
pTYt4XtrUCY-00007-00003686-00004644 constrict the arteries or rather the atrium, sorry,  the atrium so we have left and right atrial
pTYt4XtrUCY-00008-00004644-00005364 here they're separated by the interatrial septum so that's kind of the
pTYt4XtrUCY-00009-00005364-00005916 separation between the two atrium themselves. Okay so now we'll flow
pTYt4XtrUCY-00010-00005916-00006603 downward through this valve this is our tricuspid valve here. Okay we can see the
pTYt4XtrUCY-00011-00006603-00007338 tricuspid valve has these kind of tindrical  connection points there
pTYt4XtrUCY-00012-00007338-00008102 chordae tendineae, Okay these connect to papillary muscles here
pTYt4XtrUCY-00013-00008102-00008831 which help open and close the valve so now we're inside of my right ventricle
pTYt4XtrUCY-00014-00008831-00009411 so just like the pectinate muscles here in the atrium, the ventricles also
pTYt4XtrUCY-00015-00009411-00010322 have their own the trabeculae carneae. So then blood will flow from here up my
pTYt4XtrUCY-00016-00010322-00010922 pulmonary semilunar valve the pulmonary vein pulmonary arteries coming in
pTYt4XtrUCY-00017-00010922-00011489 through my pulmonary veins into my left atrium down through the mitral or
pTYt4XtrUCY-00018-00011489-00012293 bicuspid valve so we can still see the same similarities papillae muscles etc
pTYt4XtrUCY-00019-00012293-00013112 and eventually out of the left ventricle coming up through my aortic semilunar
pTYt4XtrUCY-00020-00013112-00013760 valve which is here and again out the aorta.
pVm4ntQekxo-00000-00000166-00000326 Welcome.
pVm4ntQekxo-00001-00000336-00000806 In this tutorial you will learn how to access our library databases from home.
pVm4ntQekxo-00002-00000869-00001438 Databases offer articles from scholarly journals, newspapers, magazines, and reference books.
pVm4ntQekxo-00003-00001934-00002352 You will need your library card number to login from home.
pVm4ntQekxo-00004-00002352-00002653 You can find it on your student ID card.
pVm4ntQekxo-00005-00002653-00003134 Even if you don’t have a student ID, you still have a library card number.
pVm4ntQekxo-00006-00003142-00003788 It is 279451 followed by your student ID number with no spaces.
pVm4ntQekxo-00007-00004276-00004806 From the library website, the first step is to use the  FIND – LIBRARY DATABASES link.
pVm4ntQekxo-00008-00005292-00005660 Here are our most popular databases.
pVm4ntQekxo-00009-00005660-00006043 There are links to a list of databases by subject on the left
pVm4ntQekxo-00010-00006044-00006176 and an A to Z list on the right.
pVm4ntQekxo-00011-00006431-00006978 There are also video tutorials to help you search and login from home.
pVm4ntQekxo-00012-00007212-00007698 Let’s choose Academic Search Premier, our best bet for general research.
pVm4ntQekxo-00013-00007968-00008214 Now you will be prompted for login information.
pVm4ntQekxo-00014-00008226-00008676 Enter your library card number and your last name.
pVm4ntQekxo-00015-00008676-00008982 All our library databases work this way.
pVm4ntQekxo-00016-00009262-00009592 If you need help, ask a librarian.
pVm4ntQekxo-00017-00009622-00009778 Thanks for watching.
pXaUHlug8zM-00000-00001820-00002020 It really like, parents are away
pXaUHlug8zM-00001-00002020-00002245 Then their children open a party at home :))
pXaUHlug8zM-00002-00003160-00003518 Just can't please this girl one year older than me...
pXaUHlug8zM-00003-00003958-00004261 On the occasion of her sister not at home
pXaUHlug8zM-00004-00004261-00004565 We invited each other to eat hot pot
pXaUHlug8zM-00005-00004565-00004956 Since the house is a bit far away, we stay overnight
pXaUHlug8zM-00006-00006245-00006578 This is quite big for 4 of us
pXaUHlug8zM-00007-00006578-00007018 Both delicious and cheap... and can have what ever topping that you like
pXaUHlug8zM-00008-00007570-00008283 Hanging out but the deadline still running behind these girls hahah
pXaUHlug8zM-00009-00008283-00008673 Home cinema, so cool
pXaUHlug8zM-00010-00009178-00009571 Unbuttoned pants!!!
pXaUHlug8zM-00011-00014290-00014593 Popcorn!!
pXaUHlug8zM-00012-00014593-00014778 No kidding, but we eat a lot...
pXaUHlug8zM-00013-00015781-00016173 The next morning, I went to another friend's house
pXaUHlug8zM-00014-00016173-00016563 Also for hanging out hehe
pXaUHlug8zM-00015-00018686-00019078 On our way to Tom's place
pXaUHlug8zM-00016-00019078-00019470 Still really into vlogging haha
pXaUHlug8zM-00017-00029716-00030050 Today I hang out with my friends in the Uni
pXaUHlug8zM-00018-00030050-00030225 This morning, I almost late
pXaUHlug8zM-00019-00030225-00030408 But now we just finished our lunch
pXaUHlug8zM-00020-00030408-00030605 And walking in the park
pXaUHlug8zM-00021-00030605-00030789 I'm walking behind to vlog, because I'm too shy
pXaUHlug8zM-00022-00030789-00030989 To vlog in front of them
pXaUHlug8zM-00023-00031053-00031280 They are here
pXaUHlug8zM-00024-00037081-00037350 This is the end of the spring semester in January
pXaUHlug8zM-00025-00037350-00037618 And the beginning of summer vacation
pXaUHlug8zM-00026-00037618-00037886 I went home early
pXaUHlug8zM-00027-00037886-00038155 Because I've been out since yesterday afternoon until now
pYwSeQ-duu4-00000-00000567-00001096 Allison Williams had a bone-chilling performance with her role in Get Out
pYwSeQ-duu4-00001-00001213-00002258 And the Girls alum, 29, continued to captivate this Saturday while donning a smoldering leather look to the Producers Guild Of Americda Awards in Beverly Hills.
pYwSeQ-duu4-00002-00002375-00003454 The daughter of legendary news anchor Brian Williams looked ultra-chic in the structured design from couturier Ulyana Sergeenko at the event hosted at the Beverly Hilton Hotel.
pYwSeQ-duu4-00003-00003571-00004580 Scroll down for video  The Yale alum dazzled in a cap sleeved one-piece embroidered with delicate golden flowers and with a slinky zipper running from top to bottom.
pYwSeQ-duu4-00004-00004697-00005344 Glittering Jemma Wynne earrings hugged her lobes while stylish Paul Andrew heels covered her feet
pYwSeQ-duu4-00005-00005461-00006314 Allison's dark tresses were styled into a side-swept updo while she accentuated her beautiful blue eyes by lining them in dark kohl.
pYwSeQ-duu4-00006-00006431-00007030 Alison was there to support her psychological horror hit, Get Out, at the event.
pYwSeQ-duu4-00007-00007147-00007902 Get Out also received the Stanley Kramer Award, which is given to 'films that illuminate provocative social issues.'
pYwSeQ-duu4-00008-00008019-00008553 Get Out is up for two awards at Sunday's Screen Actor's Guild Awards.
pYwSeQ-duu4-00009-00008670-00010106 Lead Daniel Kaluuya is up for Best Actor In A Motion Picture while the whole acting team is competing for the Best Cast In A Motion Picture award against The Big Sick, Lady Bird, Mudbound, and Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri.'
pYwSeQ-duu4-00010-00010223-00011033 The SAG Awards air tomorrow, January 21 2018, at 5pm PST on TNT.
pYwSeQ-duu4-00011-00011150-00011624 2018 Producers Guild Awards Winners (in bold)
pYwSeQ-duu4-00012-00011741-00012345 The Darryl F Zanuck Award for Outstanding Producer of Theatrical Motion Pictures 
pYwSeQ-duu4-00013-00012462-00012977 The Big Sick - Producers: Judd Apatow, Barry Mendel
pYwSeQ-duu4-00014-00013094-00013928 Call Me By Your Name - Producers: Peter Spears, Luca Guadagnino, Emilie Georges, Marco Morabito
pYwSeQ-duu4-00015-00014044-00014565 Dunkirk - Producers: Emma Thomas, Christopher Nolan
pYwSeQ-duu4-00016-00014682-00015175 Get Out - Producers: Sean McKittrick & Edward H
pYwSeQ-duu4-00017-00015291-00016366 Hamm, Jr., Jason Blum, Jordan Peele I, Tonya - Producers: Bryan Unkeless, Steven Rogers, Margot Robbie, Tom Ackerley
pYwSeQ-duu4-00018-00016483-00017060 Lady Bird -Producers: Scott Rudin, Eli Bush, Evelyn O'Neill
pYwSeQ-duu4-00019-00017177-00017824 Molly's Game - Producers: Mark Gordon, Amy Pascal, Matt Jackson
pYwSeQ-duu4-00020-00017941-00018643 The Post - Producers: Amy Pascal, Steven Spielberg, Kristie Macosko Krieger
pYwSeQ-duu4-00021-00018760-00019316 The Shape Of Water - Producers: Guillermo del Toro, J
pYwSeQ-duu4-00022-00019433-00020301 Miles Dale Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri - Producers: Graham Broadbent & Pete Czernin, Martin McDonagh
pYwSeQ-duu4-00023-00020418-00021120 Wonder Woman - Producers: Charles Roven & Richard Suckle, Zack Snyder & Deborah Snyder
pYwSeQ-duu4-00024-00021237-00021814 The Award for Outstanding Producer of Animated Theatrical Motion Pictures 
pYwSeQ-duu4-00025-00021931-00022580 The Boss Baby - Producer: Ramsey Naito  Coco - Producer: Darla K
pYwSeQ-duu4-00026-00022697-00023305 Anderson  Despicable Me 3 - Producers: Chris Meledandri, Janet Healy
pYwSeQ-duu4-00027-00023422-00023942 Ferdinand - Producers: Lori Forte, Bruce Anderson
pYwSeQ-duu4-00028-00024059-00024689 The Lego Batman Movie - Producers: Dan Lin, Phil Lord & Christopher Miller
pYwSeQ-duu4-00029-00024806-00025338 The Award for Outstanding Producer of Documentary Motion Pictures 
pYwSeQ-duu4-00030-00025455-00026020 Chasing Coral - Producers: Jeff Orlowski, Larissa Rhodes
pYwSeQ-duu4-00031-00026137-00026592 City of Ghosts - Producer: Matthew Heineman
pYwSeQ-duu4-00032-00026708-00027382 Cries from Syria - Producers: Evgeny Afineevsky, Den Tolmor, Aaron I
pYwSeQ-duu4-00033-00027499-00028039 Butler Earth: One Amazing Day - Producer: Stephen McDonogh
pYwSeQ-duu4-00034-00028157-00028808 Jane - (This film is still in the process of being vetted for producer eligibility this year)
pYwSeQ-duu4-00035-00028926-00029794 Joshua: Teenager vs Superpower -(This film is still in the process of being vetted for producer eligibility this year)
pYwSeQ-duu4-00036-00029911-00030651 The Newspaperman: The Life and Times of Ben Bradlee - Producers: Teddy Kunhardt, George Kunhardt
pYwSeQ-duu4-00037-00030768-00031441 TELEVISION  The Norman Felton Award for Outstanding Producer of Episodic Television, Drama 
pYwSeQ-duu4-00038-00031558-00032116 Big Little Lies (Season 1) The Crown (Season 2)
pYwSeQ-duu4-00039-00032233-00032822 Game of Thrones (Season 7) The Handmaid's Tale (Season 1)
pYwSeQ-duu4-00040-00032939-00033809 Stranger Things (Season 2) The Danny Thomas Award for Outstanding Producer of Episodic Television, Comedy:
pYwSeQ-duu4-00041-00033926-00034489 Curb Your Enthusiasm (Season 9) The Marvelous Mrs
pYwSeQ-duu4-00042-00034606-00035133 Maisel (Season 1) Master of None (Season 2)
pYwSeQ-duu4-00043-00035250-00035774 Silicon Valley (Season 4) Veep (Season 6) 
pYwSeQ-duu4-00044-00035891-00036473 The David L Wolper Award for Outstanding Producer of Long-Form Television: 
pYwSeQ-duu4-00045-00036590-00037035 Black Mirror (Season 4)  Fargo (Se
penXQJdz2dU-00000-00000000-00000200 Good morning guys
pg9MLLlmMzU-00000-00000124-00000204 Of course,
pg9MLLlmMzU-00001-00000204-00000616 Forsyth library is your first stop when you're working on a research project,
pg9MLLlmMzU-00002-00000649-00000973 but you may be wondering what kind of items you can find here.
pg9MLLlmMzU-00003-00001033-00001369 You may be surprised what you can find at Forsyth Library. If you're
pg9MLLlmMzU-00004-00001369-00001663 struggling to figure out which is best for you, don't forget,
pg9MLLlmMzU-00005-00001663-00001861 you can always "Ask a Librarian."
pg9MLLlmMzU-00006-00001930-00002293 Did you know that you can access many of Forsyth Library's resources from
pg9MLLlmMzU-00007-00002296-00002379 anywhere?
pg9MLLlmMzU-00008-00002407-00002827 We offer electronic access to tens of thousands of newspapers,
pg9MLLlmMzU-00009-00002839-00003286 magazines, and scholarly journals through our many subscription databases.
pg9MLLlmMzU-00010-00003346-00003700 We also have fiction, nonfiction, and children's books in print,
pg9MLLlmMzU-00011-00003724-00003883 as well as print periodicals,
pg9MLLlmMzU-00012-00003883-00004222 which include both popular magazines and scholarly journals.
pg9MLLlmMzU-00013-00004270-00004600 Do you need to know who the president of Fort Hays State University was when
pg9MLLlmMzU-00014-00004600-00004720 Albertson Hall was built?
pg9MLLlmMzU-00015-00004777-00005104 Would you like to listen to oral histories from Vietnam War veterans?
pg9MLLlmMzU-00016-00005149-00005410 Then you might be interested in Forsyth Library's
pg9MLLlmMzU-00017-00005410-00005716 Special collections, consisting of unique materials,
pg9MLLlmMzU-00018-00005716-00006004 which because of their content, value, condition,
pg9MLLlmMzU-00019-00006004-00006463 rarity, or irreplaceability are housed separately from other library collections,
pg9MLLlmMzU-00020-00006481-00006981 both in the library or online in our Digital Collections... and Forsyth Library
pg9MLLlmMzU-00021-00007072-00007531 is a selective federal depository and provides physical and electronic access to
pg9MLLlmMzU-00022-00007531-00007942 federal publications reflecting the research interest of the university and
pg9MLLlmMzU-00023-00007942-00008062 regional communities.
pg9MLLlmMzU-00024-00008116-00008530 You can also find publications from state, foreign, and multinational entities.
pg9MLLlmMzU-00025-00008620-00008911 For more information about Forsyth Library's collections,
pg9MLLlmMzU-00026-00008923-00009118 please feel free to contact us.
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00000-00000096-00000568 hello and welcome back to #youarethecreatortutorials V 12 this is rochelle
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00001-00000568-00001040 from the @DIYAffiliate youtube and thesecret_youotuber Tiktok
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00002-00001488-00002192 in this video i am going to show you how you can convert a pdf into a docx using calibri this is
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00003-00002192-00002584 the easiest way that i have found how to do this for the people who are just tuning in
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00004-00002584-00003247 to my channel for the very first time welcome to catch up with me so you can follow along watch the
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00005-00003247-00003936 playlist of all the previous videos located on the top right of the screen in the previous videos i
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00006-00003936-00004504 showed you how to create your manuscript using the six steps that i use to create my draft story i
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00007-00004504-00005056 show you microsoft dictate for writing your story the basics of kindle create and grammarly for your
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00008-00005056-00005672 grammar and spelling and the power thesaurus to build powerful descriptive words just click into
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00009-00005672-00006272 the link and come back to the video when you are done just pause this video and grab a coffee watch
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00010-00006272-00006904 the previous videos to catch up to this video before we get to the video all i ask is for you
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00011-00006904-00007544 to subscribe to my channel click the notification bell so that you don't miss any videos that i
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00012-00007544-00008120 will be posting for the rest of you you can follow along with me so without further ado
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00013-00008272-00009000 let's get on with the next video the diy affiliate free access tree here i have a number of different
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00014-00009000-00009568 places you can go to get all kinds of free stuff simply popping through the hybrid link
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00015-00009624-00010360 hyperlink so what i'm what i'm looking for is my ebook so i'm going to click on this button here
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00016-00010704-00010944 this will download the ebook that i created
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00017-00011240-00011384 save
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00018-00011912-00012048 this is a pdf
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00019-00012456-00013256 find the link in the description and download calibri once you have set up calibri
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00020-00013256-00014184 open up my calibri and here you're going to add your book which is a pdf
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00021-00014712-00014904 here is the pdf
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00022-00015408-00015656 see reading metadata adding to the library one book
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00023-00016247-00016400 there we go it's right here
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00024-00016600-00017296 so you want to make sure your book is highlight it and tap on convert book
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00025-00017704-00018424 your format you are looking for is a docx
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00026-00018424-00018680 and you can put your information in
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00027-00019008-00019784 you can add some tags if you want to
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00028-00019880-00021184 click ok when this stops you will see this has changed the format is pdf but it will also be docx
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00029-00021256-00021816 when you see d-o-c-x you know that it is ready now to be saved
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00030-00021912-00022160 save it to a place where you know you can find it
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00031-00022480-00022712 you will see copying files and writing metadata
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00032-00023568-00023984 open your kindle create
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00033-00024064-00024248 top on create new
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00034-00024472-00024522 choose
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00035-00024792-00025424 reflowable choose your file doc docx or an rtf and it is the docx
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00036-00025624-00025800 and you're going to import your file
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00037-00026024-00026783 microsoft word dios the microsoft icon and then open
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00038-00027024-00027160 your file is importing
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00039-00027544-00028664 import successful continue and get started you will notice that a pdf does not convert very well
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00040-00028664-00030080 to a kindle create so my suggestion is to go to your microsoft word open in microsoft word
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00041-00030168-00030568 and then upload and convert to kindle create
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00042-00030912-00031583 watch the video playlist located up on the top right which will show you all about microsoft word
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00043-00031583-00032192 how to set it right within the options how to use the microsoft styles
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00044-00032256-00033040 how to create a table of contents how to create a lisp a paragraph how to use the power thesaurus
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00045-00033096-00034024 for your word power and how to use the microsoft dictate to write more text and content
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00046-00034312-00034632 when you finish doing your editing save your manuscript
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00047-00034808-00035136 that will be the best way for you to be able to
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00048-00035136-00035808 do the least amount of editing in the kindle create is to do your manuscript from your pdf
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00049-00036144-00037120 then upload to your kindle create to edit here is the reason you cannot open a pdf file in word
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00050-00037120-00037480 word has no compatibility with a pdf format you need adobe reader
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00051-00037552-00037984 there you go much easier to use calibri
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00052-00038112-00038768 this is my journey of creating and publishing my first book and audiobook why listen to me
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00053-00038920-00039672 because i share all of my tips tricks and secrets and shortcuts that i have learnt
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00054-00039672-00040216 from my own experience the knowledge i share is free to everyone
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00055-00040304-00040928 knowledge is power this has been video number 12 of the you
pgjHSKS0Fgc-00056-00040928-00042096 are the creator tutorials looking forward to hanging out with you in the next video
pgbjaHzxSdE-00000-00000000-00000200 StreetBangaz.com
pjHj41ZNhZM-00000-00000400-00000558 - [Voice over] Hey man how are you?
pjHj41ZNhZM-00001-00000628-00001276 So remember in high school when the teacher told us to write a letter to our future selves
pjHj41ZNhZM-00002-00001276-00001670 and we would open it up maybe five, ten years down the road?
pjHj41ZNhZM-00003-00001670-00002132 Well I'm gonna do that again just the with an audio recording
pjHj41ZNhZM-00004-00002206-00002516 and I guess I just want to talk about the whole, you know...
pjHj41ZNhZM-00005-00002558-00003164 the career choice that you made to become a filmmaker and it's interesting though
pjHj41ZNhZM-00006-00003164-00003314 so much has changed.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00007-00003347-00003808 I mean just looking at it. If I were to tell my teenage self that I would you know.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00008-00003808-00004278 That I was gonna try to be a filmmaker I don't think he would believe me.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00009-00004336-00004432 A filmmaker.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00010-00004466-00004816 it's so weird to say that because I don't really, well, feel like...
pjHj41ZNhZM-00011-00004816-00004972 feel like that a lot of times..
pjHj41ZNhZM-00012-00005050-00005212 It's not that I don't believe myself.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00013-00005212-00005638 It's just that I hope, well...I can be able to take myself more seriously when they say that.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00014-00005638-00005764 With more confidence.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00015-00005858-00006292 I mean I also hope that you're able to you know to stop comparing your work to others'
pjHj41ZNhZM-00016-00006292-00006638 because right now I'm...I'm still with that problem.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00017-00006638-00007068 Everyone's different though and you probably know that by now.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00018-00007180-00007454 Anyway I also hope that you never stop learning
pjHj41ZNhZM-00019-00007454-00007864 because, well, making films and videos is a constant learning process.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00020-00007962-00008164 Also it's great to be an artist but
pjHj41ZNhZM-00021-00008228-00008796 i hope that by the time you listen to this i'm also doing well on the business side of things.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00022-00008910-00009120 I bet you're going to be meeting many people down the road
pjHj41ZNhZM-00023-00009120-00009366 and even collaborating with a lot of them.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00024-00009418-00009860 Maybe you'll catch up with old film school buddies and collaborate with them.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00025-00009860-00010330 Or just people you haven't talked to in a while and just collaborate with them too.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00026-00010330-00010680 So who knows what people you're going to be working with. I can only imagine.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00027-00010780-00011250 You're just gonna reflect on this and look back with nostalgia basically smiling
pjHj41ZNhZM-00028-00011250-00011582 and just you know or laughing about it or just thinking about it,
pjHj41ZNhZM-00029-00011582-00011664 but me?
pjHj41ZNhZM-00030-00011722-00011960 I'm trying to shape this future that I'm addressing right now.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00031-00011960-00012090 I'm trying to shape that future
pjHj41ZNhZM-00032-00012238-00012726 and I'm hoping that when you listen to this you'll be able to look back and just
pjHj41ZNhZM-00033-00012754-00012832 You know.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00034-00012832-00013102 Just see that you're a better producer because of this.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00035-00013172-00013260 But you know what?
pjHj41ZNhZM-00036-00013356-00013919 In order for you to listen to this it's really up to me to start making these choices today.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00037-00013997-00014090 So to you.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00038-00014090-00014282 Ten years, five years,
pjHj41ZNhZM-00039-00014332-00014444 three years from now.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00040-00014634-00014724 This is me.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00041-00014804-00014891 The past.
pjHj41ZNhZM-00042-00014952-00015026 Signing off.
pjKqsInjYjU-00000-00000091-00000191 Hi, it's Alex!
pjKqsInjYjU-00001-00000191-00000548 Today I want to talk about all-or-nothing thinking,
pjKqsInjYjU-00002-00000548-00000907 and I want to talk about how it pertains to politics.
pjKqsInjYjU-00003-00000907-00001220 But first I want to start talking about psychology,
pjKqsInjYjU-00004-00001220-00001403 because that's where this concept arose.
pjKqsInjYjU-00005-00001403-00001736 The idea of all-or-nothing thinking
pjKqsInjYjU-00006-00001736-00001873 which can also be called
pjKqsInjYjU-00007-00001873-00002094 black-and-white thinking:
pjKqsInjYjU-00008-00002094-00002301 It's like a thinking fallacy,
pjKqsInjYjU-00009-00002301-00002596 a logical fallacy or an error of reasoning
pjKqsInjYjU-00010-00002596-00002935 that arises when
pjKqsInjYjU-00011-00002935-00003136 you have something that you're thinking about,
pjKqsInjYjU-00012-00003136-00003385 that is really complex,
pjKqsInjYjU-00013-00003385-00003826 but you try to force it into two simple categories.
pjKqsInjYjU-00014-00003826-00004043 This comes up a lot in depression,
pjKqsInjYjU-00015-00004043-00004308 like a common problem that people have
pjKqsInjYjU-00016-00004308-00004416 when they're depressed,
pjKqsInjYjU-00017-00004416-00004582 and this is something that I've done,
pjKqsInjYjU-00018-00004582-00004903 is they'll think about certain situations
pjKqsInjYjU-00019-00004903-00005194 or they'll think about themselves as a whole
pjKqsInjYjU-00020-00005194-00005492 in terms of either success or failure.
pjKqsInjYjU-00021-00005492-00005819 So, like say I go into some situation in life,
pjKqsInjYjU-00022-00005819-00006153 and it doesn't turn out the way I want.
pjKqsInjYjU-00023-00006153-00006332 It could be anything from like
pjKqsInjYjU-00024-00006332-00006632 a school situation where I'm taking a class,
pjKqsInjYjU-00025-00006632-00006850 it could be a business situation, so like
pjKqsInjYjU-00026-00006850-00007048 I run RateTea, and I've had this come up
pjKqsInjYjU-00027-00007048-00007200 in my head when I'm thinking of
pjKqsInjYjU-00028-00007200-00007489 ways to market the website,
pjKqsInjYjU-00029-00007489-00007631 market and promote it.
pjKqsInjYjU-00030-00007631-00007873 So, it doesn't turn out the way I want.
pjKqsInjYjU-00031-00007873-00008170 Say I don't get the grade I want on the test,
pjKqsInjYjU-00032-00008170-00008349 maybe I fail the test,
pjKqsInjYjU-00033-00008349-00008713 or maybe I put energy into some marketing attempt
pjKqsInjYjU-00034-00008713-00008950 and I don't get the results that I want.
pjKqsInjYjU-00035-00008950-00009050 So I might think:
pjKqsInjYjU-00036-00009050-00009150 "Oh my God!
pjKqsInjYjU-00037-00009150-00009250 This is a failure!
pjKqsInjYjU-00038-00009250-00009350 I'm a failure!"
pjKqsInjYjU-00039-00009350-00009519 "I failed at doing this thing."
pjKqsInjYjU-00040-00009519-00009911 But the thing is, the real world is more complex,
pjKqsInjYjU-00041-00009911-00010118 and it doesn't really work like that.
pjKqsInjYjU-00042-00010118-00010317 Like, when you attempt a task,
pjKqsInjYjU-00043-00010317-00010478 if you don't succeed at it,
pjKqsInjYjU-00044-00010478-00010659 you're still accomplishing something,
pjKqsInjYjU-00045-00010659-00010815 you're still getting something out of it.
pjKqsInjYjU-00046-00010815-00010932 And I think one of the biggest things
pjKqsInjYjU-00047-00010932-00011039 is that you're learning,
pjKqsInjYjU-00048-00011039-00011310 and you're getting practice at doing something.
pjKqsInjYjU-00049-00011310-00011627 So, like with my example, on RateTea,
pjKqsInjYjU-00050-00011627-00011917 when I failed to achieve certain goals
pjKqsInjYjU-00051-00011917-00012046 marketing the website,
pjKqsInjYjU-00052-00012046-00012222 I got useful information
pjKqsInjYjU-00053-00012222-00012446 about what doesn't work,
pjKqsInjYjU-00054-00012446-00012703 and I also got a little practice doing something,
pjKqsInjYjU-00055-00012703-00012892 developing skills that I could then apply
pjKqsInjYjU-00056-00012892-00013022 to something else.
pjKqsInjYjU-00057-00013022-00013213 In the example of academic stuff,
pjKqsInjYjU-00058-00013213-00013472 I actually failed a course in undergrad,
pjKqsInjYjU-00059-00013472-00013788 in my major, and, you may say, like,
pjKqsInjYjU-00060-00013788-00013888 "That's kinda bad."
pjKqsInjYjU-00061-00013888-00013988 Uhh...
pjKqsInjYjU-00062-00013988-00014182 It is kinda bad in a sense,
pjKqsInjYjU-00063-00014182-00014345 but I think it gave me
pjKqsInjYjU-00064-00014345-00014571 an interesting perspective on school
pjKqsInjYjU-00065-00014571-00014774 that I think helped me to understand
pjKqsInjYjU-00066-00014774-00015041 and better empathize with other people.
pjKqsInjYjU-00067-00015041-00015141 Cause I'm someone who
pjKqsInjYjU-00068-00015141-00015365 I tended to do pretty well in college,
pjKqsInjYjU-00069-00015365-00015478 and I think sometimes
pjKqsInjYjU-00070-00015478-00015603 it was a little bit hard for me
pjKqsInjYjU-00071-00015603-00015763 to relate to people who struggle
pjKqsInjYjU-00072-00015763-00015897 a lot more than me.
pjKqsInjYjU-00073-00015897-00016037 And having that experience,
pjKqsInjYjU-00074-00016037-00016295 it's something I can talk to other people about,
pjKqsInjYjU-00075-00016295-00016528 I can use it to relate to their experience
pjKqsInjYjU-00076-00016528-00016683 when they're struggling too.
pjKqsInjYjU-00077-00016683-00016851 I think it was good for me
pjKqsInjYjU-00078-00016851-00017165 in the sense of being able to relate to other people.
pjKqsInjYjU-00079-00017165-00017455 So it's like, it might look like a "failure",
pjKqsInjYjU-00080-00017455-00017651 but in a different light, it's actually
pjKqsInjYjU-00081-00017651-00017959 one of the most valuable successes I have
pjKqsInjYjU-00082-00017959-00018215 in my academic career certainly,
pjKqsInjYjU-00083-00018215-00018365 which is really weird to think about.
pjKqsInjYjU-00084-00018365-00018564 But that's how the world works.
pjKqsInjYjU-00085-00018564-00018737 It's not this sort of simple thing
pjKqsInjYjU-00086-00018737-00018838 where you can just say:
pjKqsInjYjU-00087-00018838-00018998 "Oh, this is good, this is bad."
pjKqsInjYjU-00088-00018998-00019173 And I think one of the secrets
pjKqsInjYjU-00089-00019173-00019281 to getting through life
pjKqsInjYjU-00090-00019281-00019568 and to living in an empowering way
pjKqsInjYjU-00091-00019568-00019867 is to see the benefits in failure
pjKqsInjYjU-00092-00019867-00020328 and see the good things in a bad situation.
pjKqsInjYjU-00093-00020328-00020551 And this relates to overcoming depression.
pjKqsInjYjU-00094-00020551-00020840 Now these ideas that I've explained here
pjKqsInjYjU-00095-00020840-00021189 are all pretty mainstream, so umm
pjKqsInjYjU-00096-00021189-00021459 if you go to a good psychotherapist
pjKqsInjYjU-00097-00021459-00021751 who is trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
pjKqsInjYjU-00098-00021751-00021876 they will probably be able to
pjKqsInjYjU-00099-00021876-00022030 communicate these ideas to you.
pjKqsInjYjU-00100-00022030-00022147 And there are self-help books
pjKqsInjYjU-00101-00022147-00022334 and things that deal with these.
pjKqsInjYjU-00102-00022334-00022616 There is tons of stuff on the internet.
pjKqsInjYjU-00103-00022616-00022896 I really rarely, though, see this same reasoning
pjKqsInjYjU-00104-00022896-00023250 applied to politics and to political dialogue,
pjKqsInjYjU-00105-00023250-00023546 political discussion, and the political process.
pjKqsInjYjU-00106-00023546-00023706 And this is what I want to do in this video.
pjKqsInjYjU-00107-00023706-00024010 I want us to apply that same concept,
pjKqsInjYjU-00108-00024010-00024318 this concept of "all or nothing thinking"
pjKqsInjYjU-00109-00024318-00024536 to political dialogue.
pjKqsInjYjU-00110-00024536-00024697 If you look at the political dialogue,
pjKqsInjYjU-00111-00024697-00024836 especially this dialogue
pjKqsInjYjU-00112-00024836-00025108 that's happening right now in the U.S.
pjKqsInjYjU-00113-00025108-00025395 you see a lot of all or nothing thinking.
pjKqsInjYjU-00114-00025395-00025602 And, if you sort of go
pjKqsInjYjU-00115-00025602-00025768 from what I was talking about earlier
pjKqsInjYjU-00116-00025768-00025967 to what I'm talking about now,
pjKqsInjYjU-00117-00025967-00026152 it's kind of painfully obvious.
pjKqsInjYjU-00118-00026152-00026400 A lot of it takes the form of this sort of:
pjKqsInjYjU-00119-00026400-00026772 "You're either with us or against us."
pjKqsInjYjU-00120-00026772-00027067 Like in left-wing circles you will hear the phrase:
pjKqsInjYjU-00121-00027067-00027281 "You're either part of the solution"
pjKqsInjYjU-00122-00027281-00027483 "or you're part of the problem."
pjKqsInjYjU-00123-00027483-00027679 I've heard that a lot.
pjKqsInjYjU-00124-00027679-00027981 And I think this is an example of all-or-nothing thinking.
pjKqsInjYjU-00125-00027981-00028317 It's the idea of placing a stance or an argument,
pjKqsInjYjU-00126-00028317-00028608 or even a person, putting them in a box:
pjKqsInjYjU-00127-00028608-00028844 they're either good, or they're bad.
pjKqsInjYjU-00128-00028844-00029029 And people are really complex.
pjKqsInjYjU-00129-00029029-00029194 I want to give the example of racism,
pjKqsInjYjU-00130-00029194-00029487 because I think that's an issue that is pretty complex,
pjKqsInjYjU-00131-00029487-00029641 and that's an issue where I see
pjKqsInjYjU-00132-00029641-00029783 this all or nothing thinking.
pjKqsInjYjU-00133-00029783-00030011 Like, you have this whole, sort of like
pjKqsInjYjU-00134-00030011-00030418 Black Lives Matter, and you have Blue Lives Matter,
pjKqsInjYjU-00135-00030418-00030652 this sort of, sometimes I see like
pjKqsInjYjU-00136-00030652-00030908 trolling behavior in this whole debate.
pjKqsInjYjU-00137-00030908-00031247 And, there is this sort of tendency to
pjKqsInjYjU-00138-00031247-00031431 put people in boxes.
pjKqsInjYjU-00139-00031431-00031531 And I think,
pjKqsInjYjU-00140-00031531-00031657 I'm gonna talk about the left,
pjKqsInjYjU-00141-00031657-00031847 because that's what I'm closest to.
pjKqsInjYjU-00142-00031847-00032161 So I obviously, I don't like institutional racism,
pjKqsInjYjU-00143-00032161-00032299 and I acknowledge that it exists.
pjKqsInjYjU-00144-00032299-00032545 And I see people that don't.
pjKqsInjYjU-00145-00032545-00032727 And I think there is this tendency
pjKqsInjYjU-00146-00032727-00033023 to see the people who disagree
pjKqsInjYjU-00147-00033023-00033239 with some of your ideology, and to be like:
pjKqsInjYjU-00148-00033239-00033355 "Oh, they're the problem."
pjKqsInjYjU-00149-00033355-00033514 "They're the bad guys."
pjKqsInjYjU-00150-00033514-00033687 like: "I'm part of the solution,"
pjKqsInjYjU-00151-00033687-00033961 "because I'm supporting black lives matter."
pjKqsInjYjU-00152-00033961-00034189 or "I'm saying the right things."
pjKqsInjYjU-00153-00034189-00034289 or whatever,
pjKqsInjYjU-00154-00034289-00034389 and these other people
pjKqsInjYjU-00155-00034389-00034659 are not saying the right things, so they're bad.
pjKqsInjYjU-00156-00034659-00034990 I think it's really important for us to
pjKqsInjYjU-00157-00034990-00035218 kind of put a damper on that sentiment.
pjKqsInjYjU-00158-00035218-00035421 I think that sentiment is really destructive.
pjKqsInjYjU-00159-00035421-00035769 And I want to talk about several reasons why.
pjKqsInjYjU-00160-00035769-00035953 One of them is that
pjKqsInjYjU-00161-00035953-00036351 we all deal with internalized institutional racism,
pjKqsInjYjU-00162-00036351-00036451 to use that example.
pjKqsInjYjU-00163-00036451-00036563 I think the same thing is true
pjKqsInjYjU-00164-00036563-00036768 for all sorts of different systems.
pjKqsInjYjU-00165-00036768-00037054 But, if we sort of see ourselves as "good",
pjKqsInjYjU-00166-00037054-00037409 as like "the good guy" or whatever in a situation,
pjKqsInjYjU-00167-00037409-00037655 that's gonna blind us to our own
pjKqsInjYjU-00168-00037655-00037858 ways in which we are actually
pjKqsInjYjU-00169-00037858-00038178 not necessarily taking the right side on an issue.
pjKqsInjYjU-00170-00038178-00038465 So like, yeah, maybe I support black lives matter,
pjKqsInjYjU-00171-00038465-00038648 but that doesn't mean that I don't have
pjKqsInjYjU-00172-00038648-00038919 other types of internalized racism
pjKqsInjYjU-00173-00038919-00039171 that I need to root out.
pjKqsInjYjU-00174-00039171-00039449 Also, just because someone says some things
pjKqsInjYjU-00175-00039449-00039743 that are politically incorrect or insensitive
pjKqsInjYjU-00176-00039743-00040161 or even outright untruthful on the matter of race,
pjKqsInjYjU-00177-00040161-00040458 doesn't mean that that person is all bad,
pjKqsInjYjU-00178-00040458-00040723 EVEN on the issue of race.
pjKqsInjYjU-00179-00040723-00040826 And I've seen this.
pjKqsInjYjU-00180-00040826-00041066 Like I've seen examples of people
pjKqsInjYjU-00181-00041066-00041421 who, they're saying some racist remarks,
pjKqsInjYjU-00182-00041421-00041640 and suddenly they cut themselves off,
pjKqsInjYjU-00183-00041640-00041740 and they're like:
pjKqsInjYjU-00184-00041740-00041840 "Oh my God!
pjKqsInjYjU-00185-00041840-00041968 I said this thing and it was racist."
pjKqsInjYjU-00186-00041968-00042177 and it's like, okay, that person has a level
pjKqsInjYjU-00187-00042177-00042462 of self-awareness about racism
pjKqsInjYjU-00188-00042462-00042652 that exceeds that of some other people.
pjKqsInjYjU-00189-00042652-00043084 Cause I've also heard other people say worse remarks
pjKqsInjYjU-00190-00043084-00043283 and not cut themselves off like that.
pjKqsInjYjU-00191-00043283-00043537 Umm, that's just one of many examples.
pjKqsInjYjU-00192-00043537-00043778 I think the point is that people are really complex
pjKqsInjYjU-00193-00043778-00044127 and you can always find some examples of how
pjKqsInjYjU-00194-00044127-00044353 it could be worse and it could be better.
pjKqsInjYjU-00195-00044353-00044619 And I think, if you're wanting to get through to people,
pjKqsInjYjU-00196-00044619-00044883 if you're wanting to advance an issue,
pjKqsInjYjU-00197-00044883-00045284 it's more fruitful if you see people in complex ways.
pjKqsInjYjU-00198-00045284-00045551 Lastly, I want to talk about the sort of polarization,
pjKqsInjYjU-00199-00045551-00045680 and I want to talk about respect
pjKqsInjYjU-00200-00045680-00045965 and I want to talk about influencing people.
pjKqsInjYjU-00201-00045965-00046237 If you think in these black or white terms,
pjKqsInjYjU-00202-00046237-00046511 uhh, like using this all or nothing thinking,
pjKqsInjYjU-00203-00046511-00047034 if you see someone else as "the problem" or "the enemy",
pjKqsInjYjU-00204-00047034-00047294 you're cutting them off from you.
pjKqsInjYjU-00205-00047294-00047742 You're cutting off your own ability to influence that person.
pjKqsInjYjU-00206-00047742-00047933 And I think that's one of the biggest dangers
pjKqsInjYjU-00207-00047933-00048089 of this way of thinking.
pjKqsInjYjU-00208-00048089-00048404 I care a lot about influencing people,
pjKqsInjYjU-00209-00048404-00048750 and I often most care about influencing the people
pjKqsInjYjU-00210-00048750-00049003 whose viewpoints are the most damaging,
pjKqsInjYjU-00211-00049003-00049120 like who are doing the most harm.
pjKqsInjYjU-00212-00049120-00049241 Those are the people
pjKqsInjYjU-00213-00049241-00049492 that I want to get through to the most.
pjKqsInjYjU-00214-00049492-00049897 And, if I see them as the problem or the enemy,
pjKqsInjYjU-00215-00049897-00050108 that's gonna come out in how I talk to them,
pjKqsInjYjU-00216-00050108-00050405 and I'm not going to be as respectful to them.
pjKqsInjYjU-00217-00050405-00050570 I might not listen to them as much,
pjKqsInjYjU-00218-00050570-00050670 because I think:
pjKqsInjYjU-00219-00050670-00050854 "Oh, they just believe false things."
pjKqsInjYjU-00220-00050854-00050975 "Why would I want to listen to them?"
pjKqsInjYjU-00221-00050975-00051148 And, if I'm not listening to them,
pjKqsInjYjU-00222-00051148-00051313 how am I going to influence them?
pjKqsInjYjU-00223-00051313-00051413 Because they're gonna tell
pjKqsInjYjU-00224-00051413-00051593 that I'm not listening to them.
pjKqsInjYjU-00225-00051593-00051852 They're probably not gonna want to listen to me.
pjKqsInjYjU-00226-00051852-00052180 It's just not a good ground or foundation
pjKqsInjYjU-00227-00052180-00052508 on which to start any kind of relationship.
pjKqsInjYjU-00228-00052508-00052776 So, I think that if you can get out of
pjKqsInjYjU-00229-00052776-00052900 this all or nothing thinking
pjKqsInjYjU-00230-00052900-00053205 and you can see the fact that
pjKqsInjYjU-00231-00053205-00053502 you have flaws in your own way of thinking,
pjKqsInjYjU-00232-00053502-00053610 and that other people
pjKqsInjYjU-00233-00053610-00053867 who you might REALLY strongly disagree with
pjKqsInjYjU-00234-00053867-00054041 might still have some good points,
pjKqsInjYjU-00235-00054041-00054332 I think that that's a really great foundation
pjKqsInjYjU-00236-00054332-00054487 for influencing people.
pjKqsInjYjU-00237-00054487-00054816 It's also a great foundation for learning from people.
pjKqsInjYjU-00238-00054816-00054998 Uhh, yeah.
pjKqsInjYjU-00239-00054998-00055375 So, I really wish we could approach politics
pjKqsInjYjU-00240-00055375-00055506 more in this way.
pjKqsInjYjU-00241-00055506-00055731 And I think one of the, the easiest ways to start
pjKqsInjYjU-00242-00055731-00056099 is to learn how to recognize all or nothing thinking.
pjKqsInjYjU-00243-00056099-00056452 It definitely has a lot of evidence, in psychology,
pjKqsInjYjU-00244-00056452-00056627 behind it, in terms of like,
pjKqsInjYjU-00245-00056627-00056972 if you learn to identify and overcome all or nothing thinking,
pjKqsInjYjU-00246-00056972-00057257 it is helpful for overcoming depression
pjKqsInjYjU-00247-00057257-00057591 and being happier and more mentally healthy.
pjKqsInjYjU-00248-00057591-00057824 And I think that if we would apply that same concept
pjKqsInjYjU-00249-00057824-00057964 to political dialogue,
pjKqsInjYjU-00250-00057964-00058292 we would have a healthier political system,
pjKqsInjYjU-00251-00058292-00058510 and we would start seeing better results.
pjKqsInjYjU-00252-00058510-00058692 And that's what I would like to call you to do
pjKqsInjYjU-00253-00058692-00058886 in this video.
pjKqsInjYjU-00254-00058886-00059019 I'd love to hear from you.
pjKqsInjYjU-00255-00059019-00059162 If you have examples of this,
pjKqsInjYjU-00256-00059162-00059397 if you have any questions about anything that I've said.
pjKqsInjYjU-00257-00059397-00059698 Yeah, please comment if you have anything to say.
pjKqsInjYjU-00258-00059698-00059816 Thank you!
pmHHlTgZg6A-00000-00000093-00000373 Intro to Lightning
pmHHlTgZg6A-00001-00000373-00001073 So, lighting is of course very important in the visual arts, aspects of visual arts, painting,
pmHHlTgZg6A-00002-00001538-00002174 cinematography and of course here we�re particularly interested in animation. And
pmHHlTgZg6A-00003-00002174-00002874 of course there are many wonderful examples in recent movies like Kung-Fu Panda, especially
pmHHlTgZg6A-00004-00003000-00003700 Kung-Fu Panda 2. But a scene that I think is particularly good to look at to appreciate
pmHHlTgZg6A-00005-00003934-00004634 the power of um careful and thoughtful lighting in animation, is the married life sequence
pmHHlTgZg6A-00006-00004964-00005664 in �Up�. So, the sequence starts with the contrast between the bride and groom sides
pmHHlTgZg6A-00007-00006071-00006771 at the wedding and you look carefully lots of details about what was done with the lighting
pmHHlTgZg6A-00008-00006953-00007653 in this scene. Then it progresses through the highs and lows of married life captured
pmHHlTgZg6A-00009-00008127-00008827 in uh the lighting very, very nicely. You should recall that in this entire sequence
pmHHlTgZg6A-00010-00009038-00009738 there is no spoken word, it's only the visuals and uh music. Then near the conclusion of
pmHHlTgZg6A-00011-00010106-00010806 the sequence, the autumn part of the life of this married couple. Of course, the colors
pmHHlTgZg6A-00012-00011113-00011813 convey a lot of emotion, but-but much of it is in the subtleties of the lighting.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00013-00011832-00012532 Now, we�ll be looking at lighting from the point of view of physics. So, a lot of optics
pmHHlTgZg6A-00014-00012803-00013503 and we can break down the elements of lighting in a few basic forms, there's the light sources
pmHHlTgZg6A-00015-00013952-00014652 that produce light then that light may be reflected off of surfaces. Those surfaces
pmHHlTgZg6A-00016-00014877-00015577 may have shadows, another way that light travels from the light source to the viewer or the
pmHHlTgZg6A-00017-00015718-00016418 camera is scattering. So, something like light passing through a cloud, and then, sometimes
pmHHlTgZg6A-00018-00016629-00017329 light travels through a transparent media and is bent in the process; we call that uh
pmHHlTgZg6A-00019-00017594-00018294 refraction. And finally, uh the image is formed in the eye and processed in the brain and
pmHHlTgZg6A-00020-00018521-00019130 there�s many interesting elements of optics involved there especially the perception of
pmHHlTgZg6A-00021-00019130-00019216 color.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00022-00019216-00019916 Now, uh a fundamental principle in optics is that in geometric optics the path of light
pmHHlTgZg6A-00023-00020326-00021026 rays is always reversible, and what that means is if we set up a laser shining into a mirror
pmHHlTgZg6A-00024-00021085-00021785 which then the light passes underwater and there's a viewer uh if we trace that light
pmHHlTgZg6A-00025-00021946-00022646 ray then umm it's always possible to switch the light source and the viewer, and if we
pmHHlTgZg6A-00026-00022937-00023637 do that the resulting light ray follows exactly the same path. So, we have a symmetry of uh
pmHHlTgZg6A-00027-00024035-00024735 light going from a source to a viewer, it�s the same path if we switch the viewer and
pmHHlTgZg6A-00028-00024893-00025593 the source. Now, this has a practical application in computer graphics in the following sense.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00029-00025725-00026425 If we have uh an actual light source which is shining light on an object and a viewer
pmHHlTgZg6A-00030-00026558-00027252 is viewing the scene, uh many of the light rays that go from the light source and hit
pmHHlTgZg6A-00031-00027252-00027952 the object, do not reach the viewer. So they bounce off in some other directions that don't
pmHHlTgZg6A-00032-00028122-00028822 happen to reach the viewer or reach the camera. Now, we can use ray tracing and this principle
pmHHlTgZg6A-00033-00028911-00029611 of reciprocity to say that for every light ray that goes from the light to the viewer,
pmHHlTgZg6A-00034-00029728-00030428 we have a reciprocal ray that goes from the viewer to the light. So, it's more convenient
pmHHlTgZg6A-00035-00030438-00031138 to trace those rays that come from the viewer to different points in the object and see
pmHHlTgZg6A-00036-00031266-00031966 uh what ray corresponds to the one that goes back to the light source. In other words,
pmHHlTgZg6A-00037-00032200-00032900 we only calculate the light rays that actually reach the viewer or the camera.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00038-00032943-00033643 Here's another picture of that showing these ray trace, this ray tracing concept. So, we
pmHHlTgZg6A-00039-00033665-00034256 imagine we have a camera have an image that is formed on the screen, and then we have
pmHHlTgZg6A-00040-00034256-00034900 some objects that are supposed to represent what will be the image on the screen. Then
pmHHlTgZg6A-00041-00034900-00035600 uh when we trace a ray from the camera to the object whatever spot on the screen that
pmHHlTgZg6A-00042-00035836-00036365 ray passes through that�s where the image would be formed and then we take that ray
pmHHlTgZg6A-00043-00036365-00037044 and we say well if we have a light source, uh what is the ray that goes from the object
pmHHlTgZg6A-00044-00037044-00037744 to the light source, and now we can calculate how much illumination we have on that spot
pmHHlTgZg6A-00045-00037781-00038481 on the object. And more complicated things if we want determine the location of the shadow.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00046-00038572-00039240 Anyway, the point is this is what's used in computer graphics tracing rays from the camera
pmHHlTgZg6A-00047-00039240-00039940 to objects and then back to the light source. The physical rays actually come out of the
pmHHlTgZg6A-00048-00039981-00040666 light source, hit the objects and uh go to the camera or viewer. Now, let�s talk about
pmHHlTgZg6A-00049-00040666-00041269 one of the simplest types of light sources which would be a directional light source.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00050-00041269-00041969 Now with a directional light source all the light rays are parallel, so they reach uh
pmHHlTgZg6A-00051-00042138-00042838 an object or surface all traveling parallel to each other. The sun is roughly a directional
pmHHlTgZg6A-00052-00042927-00043490 light source, it�s not exactly a directional light source, but it's a simple approximation
pmHHlTgZg6A-00053-00043490-00043661 to one.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00054-00043661-00044361 Now, in computer graphics you can set up a directional light source and here's a simple
pmHHlTgZg6A-00055-00044383-00045083 scene with a cube sitting on a floor, and you see that the uh different faces have different
pmHHlTgZg6A-00056-00045340-00046040 brightness. So the brightness is uniform across the face, but each face has a different brightness
pmHHlTgZg6A-00057-00046338-00047038 depending on the angle between the face and the light source. By the way, the top of the
pmHHlTgZg6A-00058-00047196-00047896 cube in the floor have the same brightness since uh they're facing in the same direction.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00059-00047927-00048627 Now, the reason that the different faces of the cube uh have different amount of brightness
pmHHlTgZg6A-00060-00048659-00049359 and this is whether it's a diffuse surface or more complicated surface uh a material
pmHHlTgZg6A-00061-00049465-00050165 model. Uh, the reason that the different faces have a different brightness is that the amount
pmHHlTgZg6A-00062-00050208-00050908 of light that is reaching each square inch of those surfaces depends on
pmHHlTgZg6A-00063-00050943-00051642 whether they are facing head-on towards the light which is when you have the most intensity
pmHHlTgZg6A-00064-00051805-00052476 reaching the surface or if it's tilted away from the uh in this case directional light
pmHHlTgZg6A-00065-00052476-00053176 source, then the light rays as they reach the surface are spread out over um more surface
pmHHlTgZg6A-00066-00053357-00053966 or if you will there's fewer light rays which reach the surface because the surface is turned
pmHHlTgZg6A-00067-00053966-00054349 away from uh the light source.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00068-00054349-00055044 So, uh as you see in this illustration that in the first case we have seven light rays
pmHHlTgZg6A-00069-00055044-00055714 hitting the surface, but when we tilt it because of the angle we only get five light rays,
pmHHlTgZg6A-00070-00055714-00056414 and so for that same surface we have less light shining on it. This is an effect which
pmHHlTgZg6A-00071-00056749-00057449 creates the seasons of um the year, on earth. So, in July as you see in this illustration
pmHHlTgZg6A-00072-00057604-00058304 the earth is tilted uh towards the sun in the northern hemisphere and so we have a brighter
pmHHlTgZg6A-00073-00058632-00059332 light in the northern hemisphere, the southern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun and
pmHHlTgZg6A-00074-00059382-00060082 so it's not as bright and then it�s not as warm. So it's warm in July in the northern
pmHHlTgZg6A-00075-00060194-00060894 hemisphere since the earth is tilted towards the sun and its cooler in July in the southern
pmHHlTgZg6A-00076-00060932-00061632 hemisphere and-and vice versa. So, it's nice and warm in the southern hemisphere in January.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00077-00061787-00062487 Now, this is a very important affect in umm lighting because a lot of the sense of
pmHHlTgZg6A-00078-00062825-00063525 dimension uh for a form is due to this effect that the intensity of light striking a surface
pmHHlTgZg6A-00079-00063874-00064574 uh varies with angles, this is a very strong cue of the curvature and shape. Notice that
pmHHlTgZg6A-00080-00064704-00065404 um the head has a fairly smooth curvature and we have a gradual darkening whereas say
pmHHlTgZg6A-00081-00065925-00066625 around the nose it's a much tighter uh curve and so we have much more contrast from the
pmHHlTgZg6A-00082-00066704-00067404 bright parts to the darker parts, say around the nose. These are formed shadows, I�ll
pmHHlTgZg6A-00083-00067450-00068150 see more about these in another tutorial. Now, uh the most basic use of lighting in
pmHHlTgZg6A-00084-00068580-00069280 illuminating a scene is so called one-point lighting or key lighting. So, if we have a
pmHHlTgZg6A-00085-00069314-00070014 scene and we have basically one dominant uh light source illuminating that scene, this
pmHHlTgZg6A-00086-00070250-00070624 is referred to as one-point lighting.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00087-00070624-00071324 Now we can have two-point lighting if we have besides the key light, have another uh light
pmHHlTgZg6A-00088-00071819-00072519 source which adds some ambient light and-and this helps to reveal uh parts of the scene
pmHHlTgZg6A-00089-00072750-00073450 which would be lost in shadow uh because of the having only a single key light. Now I
pmHHlTgZg6A-00090-00073654-00074354 should mention that it's possible to use multiple light sources to represent each of these key
pmHHlTgZg6A-00091-00074772-00075472 and fill. So, the key may be composed of multiple light sources and the fill can certainly be
pmHHlTgZg6A-00092-00075769-00076418 composed of multiple light sources to create that ambient light.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00093-00076418-00077118 Then finally three-point lighting is when we add a rim light to uh accentuate edges
pmHHlTgZg6A-00094-00077458-00078082 which would be otherwise lost in the shadows. So, we see that nicely mostly around the �Z�,
pmHHlTgZg6A-00095-00078082-00078782 uh-the middle of the Z here is picked up by the rim light. This is sometimes called the
pmHHlTgZg6A-00096-00078951-00079651 kicker or backlight, and in close-ups it's often used to accentuate the ah, the hair.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00097-00079839-00080539 So, uh that's three-point lighting using uh a main key light, a fill light to put in some
pmHHlTgZg6A-00098-00080814-00081514 ambient light overall to soften uh the shadows, and then rim light to accentuate some parts
pmHHlTgZg6A-00099-00081694-00082394 such as the outline of the hair, uh on this actress. So, it�s a very common type of
pmHHlTgZg6A-00100-00082469-00083133 lighting umm looks good, but uh maybe sometimes a little too good.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00101-00083133-00083833 So in summary, physical light rays travel from the light source to the viewer or camera.
pmHHlTgZg6A-00102-00083856-00084527 By reciprocity, we can trace rays from the camera back to the light source and that is
pmHHlTgZg6A-00103-00084527-00085227 convenient to do in computer graphics algorithms. Directional light source has uh parallel light
pmHHlTgZg6A-00104-00085486-00086186 rays. Light intensity decreases as the surface turns away from the light source. So that
pmHHlTgZg6A-00105-00086304-00087004 was the spreading of the rays uh over the area when the surface is turned away from
pmHHlTgZg6A-00106-00087313-00088013 the light source. And then finally three-point lighting combines key, fill and rim lights
pmHHlTgZg6A-00107-00088212-00088912 which provide main ambient and accent lighting in a scene. So, this is just the introduction,
pmHHlTgZg6A-00108-00089014-00089714 we�ll get into a lot more uh details about light sources, shadows, reflections and all
pmHHlTgZg6A-00109-00089802-00090144 of that in the upcoming tutorials. So, see you then.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00000-00000084-00000294 This is the Crab Nebula.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00001-00000294-00000916 Located 6500 light-years away, the Crab Nebula was born from a supernova witnessed by Chinese
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00002-00000916-00001339 and Japanese astronomers nearly 1000 years ago.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00003-00001339-00001723 While stellar remnants like these aren’t uncommon in the night sky, what makes the
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00004-00001723-00002311 Crab Nebula unique is that it has a beating heart—one that scientists are just now learning
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00005-00002311-00002559 pounds harder than they previously thought.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00006-00002559-00003132 A team led by researchers from the RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research have discovered that
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00007-00003132-00003607 the giant pulses emitted by the star at the Crab Nebula’s center carry hundreds of times
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00008-00003607-00003968 more energy than hinted at by past calculations.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00009-00003968-00004414 Understanding the science behind this discovery could give researchers a clearer picture of
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00010-00004414-00004710 similar phenomena throughout the known universe.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00011-00004710-00005336 The pounding star at the center of the Crab Nebula is what’s known as a pulsar.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00012-00005336-00005857 Pulsars are highly magnetized, rotating stars that emit regular pulses of electromagnetic
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00013-00005857-00006026 radiation.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00014-00006026-00006558 These pulses can only be detected when a beam of emission points directly at Earth.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00015-00006558-00007117 And because a pulsar’s beat is exceedingly steady, it could serve future deep-space expeditions
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00016-00007117-00007731 as a kind of GPS satellite—or IPS, interstellar positioning system.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00017-00007731-00008189 Every once in a while, a pulsar will unleash a giant pulse.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00018-00008189-00008692 These giant pulses are the result of strong emission that spans the electromagnetic spectrum,
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00019-00008692-00009221 from the range of visible and radio frequencies into the realm of X-rays.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00020-00009221-00009639 That foray into the more energetic region of the spectrum had never been measured for
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00021-00009639-00009770 a giant pulse.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00022-00009770-00010353 The team’s discovery provided a more complete picture of the Crab Pulsar’s energy signature,
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00023-00010353-00011089 thanks to NASA’s NICER telescope, the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00024-00011089-00011350 Located aboard the International Space Station, the
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00025-00011350-00011817 NICER telescope captured data from the Crab Pulsar over three years, with the help of
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00026-00011817-00012113 ground-based telescopes in Japan.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00027-00012113-00012597 NICER’s high precision in time enabled the researchers to, for the first time, measure
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00028-00012597-00012887 an x-ray enhancement from a giant burst.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00029-00012887-00013218 These pulses occur within a millionth of a second.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00030-00013218-00013669 NICER is equipped to record X-rays within a tenth of that timeframe.
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00031-00013669-00014086 Learning more about how giant pulses like these occur can provide insight into other
q1UfmYA9M9Y-00032-00014086-00014532 fast, high-energy phenomena whose extragalactic origins tend to be obscure.
q2E_siNMyeo-00000-00000000-00000200 Aboneaza-te
q2MrfJu6DUg-00000-00006423-00006795 I just want escape from u
q2MrfJu6DUg-00001-00007020-00007354 Trouble in my head
q2MrfJu6DUg-00002-00007423-00007878 But I Want to hold u
q2MrfJu6DUg-00003-00007956-00008494 Even u don't know me
q2MrfJu6DUg-00004-00008760-00009158 What if I look into your eyes?
q2MrfJu6DUg-00005-00009360-00009696 Telling what is wrong in our minds
q2MrfJu6DUg-00006-00009778-00010918 And if u want it later we may not see each other
q3vAj5y9jgo-00000-00000092-00000220 After all is said and done,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00001-00000264-00000428 isn't it just a game.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00002-00000556-00000796 First, you bribed the general guarding the door,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00003-00000860-00001011 and then told him to
q3vAj5y9jgo-00004-00001112-00001308 kill once upon seeing the handkerchief.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00005-00001432-00001564 Then he let himself use the handkerchief
q3vAj5y9jgo-00006-00001628-00001752 to write the suicide note.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00007-00002116-00002284 The content of this book about deaths
q3vAj5y9jgo-00008-00002312-00002468 is naturally cautioning me
q3vAj5y9jgo-00009-00002576-00002888 about the internal strife within the palace leading to deaths
q3vAj5y9jgo-00010-00002960-00003136 Even if you can't find me guilty,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00011-00003208-00003428 you can still ruin my reputation.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00012-00003504-00003736 You made some good calculations.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00013-00003779-00003856 Your Highness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00014-00004068-00004196 You also kept trying to
q3vAj5y9jgo-00015-00004196-00004328 entice Haolan
q3vAj5y9jgo-00016-00004328-00004452 but she didn't want to be a part of the plan,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00017-00004516-00004704 So you thought of this maneuver,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00018-00004724-00004840 trying to let her dead body sentence me
q3vAj5y9jgo-00019-00004908-00005144 You are truly seeing a gap and inserting a needle.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00020-00005160-00005220 Your Highness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00021-00005436-00005544 I was wrong.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00022-00005588-00005744 I was temporarily blinded by lard
q3vAj5y9jgo-00023-00005776-00005956 and that's why I ended up doing something like this.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00024-00006020-00006112 Yun Chisu,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00025-00006240-00006328 do you know
q3vAj5y9jgo-00026-00006328-00006452 why after all these years
q3vAj5y9jgo-00027-00006452-00006592 you can't beat me?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00028-00006744-00006884 It's because you are dumb.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00029-00006968-00007100 So dumb that you cannot see
q3vAj5y9jgo-00030-00007100-00007304 Han Qionghua's trap.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00031-00007392-00007672 It's also because you have no courage.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00032-00007776-00007900 If I were you,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00033-00008031-00008284 I would have already killed Haolan.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00034-00008360-00008548 After making such twists and turns,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00035-00008632-00008968 you still weren't able to protect yourself.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00036-00009156-00009384 There is no cure for your stupidity.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00037-00009452-00009512 You Highness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00038-00009696-00009784 Your Highness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00039-00009832-00009952 I was wrong.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00040-00010020-00010172 Please spare me this time.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00041-00010240-00010316 All right.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00042-00010456-00010632 Go receive thirty lashes on your own.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00043-00010724-00010800 Get lost.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00044-00011992-00012084 You're awake.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00045-00012136-00012188 Xiaochun,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00046-00012284-00012488 it hurts badly. It hurts badly!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00047-00012648-00012712 Xiaochun,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00048-00012824-00012900 I'm in great pain.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00049-00013040-00013119 Help me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00050-00013204-00013260 It's fine now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00051-00013260-00013308 Xiaochun.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00052-00013319-00013408 It's fine now,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00053-00013460-00013508 Haolan.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00054-00013708-00013808 You have to thank Her Majesty
q3vAj5y9jgo-00055-00013944-00014047 for being able to live.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00056-00014236-00014312 Her Majesty?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00057-00014368-00014508 Consort Yun let you leave the palace,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00058-00014588-00014704 because the Head Commander at the White Tiger Gate
q3vAj5y9jgo-00059-00014704-00014808 already received a secret order ahead of time.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00060-00014884-00015016 To kill immediately
q3vAj5y9jgo-00061-00015072-00015180 upon seeing someone with the handkerchief.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00062-00015444-00015591 So from the start,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00063-00015612-00015736 she was planning
q3vAj5y9jgo-00064-00015872-00015968 to kill me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00065-00015988-00016132 It wasn't her intention to kill you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00066-00016196-00016332 She extremely hates Her Majesty.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00067-00016468-00016540 Once you die,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00068-00016616-00016716 and from your body
q3vAj5y9jgo-00069-00016764-00016868 they’ll recover the suicide note
q3vAj5y9jgo-00070-00016868-00016976 that incriminates Her Majesty.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00071-00017060-00017148 Even if she can't be accused of murder,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00072-00017148-00017284 it can still ruin
q3vAj5y9jgo-00073-00017348-00017504 her reputation as the queen.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00074-00017568-00017632 After all,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00075-00017716-00017876 His Majesty was only momentarily angry.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00076-00017948-00018116 He doesn't really want your life.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00077-00018172-00018324 Such a kind face.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00078-00018424-00018596 Yet her heart is actually very vicious.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00079-00018628-00018796 Who told you not to follow her plan?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00080-00018860-00019016 She ends up with the only option of making death talk against her highness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00081-00019148-00019228 I understand now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00082-00019328-00019432 The more pitiful Sister Haolan is,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00083-00019472-00019580 the more His Majesty's heart will ache.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00084-00019632-00019796 Wouldn't that make him pardon and release an innocent you?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00085-00019796-00019892 Silly girl,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00086-00019920-00020028 you finally understand now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00087-00020096-00020184 But,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00088-00020212-00020352 if Her Majesty wants to save someone in this way,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00089-00020408-00020564 why does she still have to flog me?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00090-00020656-00020812 Of course. It's to show to the outsiders.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00091-00020884-00020992 Her Highness did it this way...
q3vAj5y9jgo-00092-00021116-00021232 It not only pardoned me
q3vAj5y9jgo-00093-00021300-00021448 but also frightened the entire inner palace.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00094-00021540-00021636 From now on,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00095-00021712-00021792 Who would dare to
q3vAj5y9jgo-00096-00021836-00021988 offend the dignity of Her Highness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00097-00023260-00023384 Haolan momentarily lacked caution
q3vAj5y9jgo-00098-00023448-00023564 and implicated Her Highness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00099-00023616-00023724 Your Highness, I request your forgiveness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00100-00023776-00023856 This matter,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00101-00023968-00024228 you really didn't handle it well.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00102-00024404-00024500 Bring it up.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00103-00025480-00025548 Zhao!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00104-00025868-00025980 Look carefully.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00105-00026072-00026300 This is the servant Consort Yun planted.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00106-00026360-00026500 She even dares to bite me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00107-00026527-00026588 Your Highness,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00108-00026620-00026795 I am innocent!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00109-00026852-00026927 Lady Li,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00110-00026944-00027032 you have to believe me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00111-00027048-00027139 I have never thought of
q3vAj5y9jgo-00112-00027139-00027200 harming you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00113-00027256-00027395 I have never secretly passed any news
q3vAj5y9jgo-00114-00027404-00027600 to Consort Yun!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00115-00027668-00027756 I beg you!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00116-00027780-00027895 You have to believe me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00117-00027895-00028160 Someone is definitely trying to frame me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00118-00028164-00028260 Yun Chisu,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00119-00028360-00028516 used a golden pearl
q3vAj5y9jgo-00120-00028564-00028708 to buy your life.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00121-00028808-00028892 How pitiful.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00122-00028944-00029095 Take her out and flog her to death.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00123-00029095-00029152 Yes.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00124-00029172-00029288 Your Highness!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00125-00029339-00029495 I really did not do it!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00126-00029508-00029592 Your Highness!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00127-00029600-00029712 Please spare my life!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00128-00029752-00029844 Your Highness!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00129-00029860-00029988 Your Highness!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00130-00030816-00030904 Qin Royal Descendant.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00131-00031276-00031372 What are you doing?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00132-00031744-00031800 Nothing.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00133-00031883-00032036 I was just looking around casually.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00134-00032408-00032552 Your zither is fixed.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00135-00032576-00032656 Do you want to try it?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00136-00033780-00033836 Haolan,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00137-00033896-00034024 did you really not know that
q3vAj5y9jgo-00138-00034036-00034192 Consort Yun had an ulterior motive?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00139-00034244-00034404 I can't predict the future.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00140-00034492-00034708 Han Qionghua wanted to test Her Highness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00141-00034744-00034976 Her Highness intended to frighten them by punishing you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00142-00035072-00035168 The both of them
q3vAj5y9jgo-00143-00035208-00035288 were watching you closely and simultaneously.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00144-00035492-00035704 I thought you would take advantage of the situation,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00145-00035712-00035836 and used yourself as the bait
q3vAj5y9jgo-00146-00035896-00036104 to lure the discontented person within the palace.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00147-00036268-00036340 First,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00148-00036364-00036544 you will complete the task assigned by Her Highness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00149-00036584-00036652 Second,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00150-00036688-00036916 His Majesty and Her Highness will protect you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00151-00037004-00037080 That's beyond the capacity of
q3vAj5y9jgo-00152-00037100-00037352 Han Qionghua and those two consorts.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00153-00037396-00037580 In the future, no one in the palace in the Zhao state
q3vAj5y9jgo-00154-00037596-00037716 will dare to touch you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00155-00037748-00037956 They need to be scrupulous about you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00156-00038232-00038392 Royal Descendant of Qin, you are thinking too much.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00157-00038432-00038568 I'm not that smart.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00158-00038632-00038756 I really didn't know anything.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00159-00038816-00039072 Consort Yun was whipped
q3vAj5y9jgo-00160-00039072-00039204 and couldn't get up from bed.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00161-00039228-00039396 Consort Mei lost her trusted aide
q3vAj5y9jgo-00162-00039424-00039560 and is on a constant state of anxiety.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00163-00039604-00039824 Frankly, I know that
q3vAj5y9jgo-00164-00039928-00040008 you also deliberately
q3vAj5y9jgo-00165-00040008-00040120 let Consort Mei off the hook.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00166-00040224-00040304 Why?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00167-00040368-00040508 It's already in the past.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00168-00040604-00040656 By the way,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00169-00040744-00040808 Royal Descendant of Qin,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00170-00040884-00041020 when I was detained,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00171-00041104-00041384 were you playing the zither like a meandering stream
q3vAj5y9jgo-00172-00041416-00041572 or an indulgent waterfall?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00173-00041628-00041732 You didn't understand?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00174-00041760-00041820 What's it?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00175-00042084-00042160 At that time,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00176-00042248-00042387 I wanted to advise you that
q3vAj5y9jgo-00177-00042544-00042688 danger is at your fingertips
q3vAj5y9jgo-00178-00042736-00042876 and not to trust anyone.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00179-00045456-00045604 Little Kid Lian Po
q3vAj5y9jgo-00180-00045616-00045732 with courage of a mouse.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00181-00045780-00045888 Besieged for many months
q3vAj5y9jgo-00182-00045908-00046028 and scared to fight.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00183-00046060-00046176 Courage of a mouse,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00184-00046192-00046300 scared to fight!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00185-00046320-00046436 Courage of a mouse,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00186-00046452-00046576 scared to fight!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00187-00046576-00046712 Courage of a mouse,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00188-00046712-00046832 scared to fight!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00189-00047012-00047080 Royal Father,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00190-00047112-00047340 ever since General Lian erected the Great Wall of Bai Li Shi city,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00191-00047380-00047496 he kept holding on to the rampart.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00192-00047528-00047660 No matter how the Qin army challenged him,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00193-00047696-00047756 he refuses to fight.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00194-00047820-00047920 But if this continues,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00195-00047936-00048104 not only will the Qin army be depleted,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00196-00048120-00048344 my army won’t be able to hold out for much longer too.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00197-00048420-00048528 But I have already
q3vAj5y9jgo-00198-00048528-00048708 issued three military orders.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00199-00048832-00049128 Lian Po keeps coming up with excuses that it's not the right timing
q3vAj5y9jgo-00200-00049128-00049236 and rejected sending out the soldiers.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00201-00049236-00049480 I can't keep changing the general in the middle of this crisis.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00202-00049496-00049728 Changing the general midway is a military taboo.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00203-00049748-00049860 I think
q3vAj5y9jgo-00204-00049860-00049988 we should send an envoy now
q3vAj5y9jgo-00205-00050000-00050100 to lobby the other states
q3vAj5y9jgo-00206-00050100-00050224 to provide military aid.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00207-00050328-00050428 Fine,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00208-00050436-00050632 let's send more envoys to
q3vAj5y9jgo-00209-00050688-00050824 various states to seek for help.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00210-00050888-00050984 Dismissed.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00211-00051252-00051336 Royal Father,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00212-00051336-00051512 did you forget that Mount Mafu was being surrounded?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00213-00051567-00051660 From this incident,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00214-00051679-00051755 we now know the ulterior motives of
q3vAj5y9jgo-00215-00051764-00051848 Wei, Chu and Han states.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00216-00051900-00052008 As a last resort,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00217-00052008-00052128 no one is willing to send out the soldiers.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00218-00052204-00052340 Seeking help at this time,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00219-00052367-00052496 I fear it will be a wasted effort.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00220-00052496-00052600 Tell me
q3vAj5y9jgo-00221-00052612-00052720 what I should do then.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00222-00052752-00052948 Negotiate for peace with the people of Qin.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00223-00053020-00053104 Peace negotiation?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00224-00053620-00053812 This battle's been long drawn-out.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00225-00053867-00054132 The Qin attacked Hundred Li Stone City several times
q3vAj5y9jgo-00226-00054132-00054264 without success.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00227-00054300-00054555 That shows Qin is very eager
q3vAj5y9jgo-00228-00054555-00054736 to finish off this battle.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00229-00054736-00054876 There's still a hope
q3vAj5y9jgo-00230-00054900-00055044 if we were to negotiate a peace now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00231-00055072-00055172 Royal father,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00232-00055224-00055364 I was not being temperamental in my supporting
q3vAj5y9jgo-00233-00055384-00055520 that we continue battling Qin.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00234-00055560-00055640 Think about it everyone,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00235-00055684-00055828 Qin State had used all their resources.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00236-00055844-00055932 They are ferocious in their intent.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00237-00055948-00056132 Their goal is not only Changping.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00238-00056132-00056332 Their real goal is Handan.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00239-00056332-00056472 They will not agree to a peace talk.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00240-00056528-00056632 The two states are in a standstill,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00241-00056644-00056748 that give the chance for
q3vAj5y9jgo-00242-00056796-00056936 a peace talk.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00243-00057032-00057220 Old General Lian in the front lines
q3vAj5y9jgo-00244-00057220-00057288 had been losing one segment after another.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00245-00057352-00057512 This is the third defense line.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00246-00057560-00057672 Once lost,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00247-00057700-00057812 then it would be too late to
q3vAj5y9jgo-00248-00057860-00057984 send someone to Qin for peace negotiation.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00249-00058032-00058096 Royal father,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00250-00058116-00058224 whether to negotiate or fight,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00251-00058232-00058348 we must make a decision.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00252-00058372-00058484 This cannot be delayed any further.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00253-00058644-00058900 Then who will go to Qin
q3vAj5y9jgo-00254-00059012-00059148 for the peace talk?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00255-00059588-00059736 Who is suitable to go?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00256-00060032-00060104 Your Majesty,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00257-00060155-00060304 Qin is like the den of wolves and tigers.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00258-00060304-00060391 They don't speak with reason.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00259-00060440-00060572 Going to Qin now
q3vAj5y9jgo-00260-00060600-00060755 will mostly likely lead to death.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00261-00061004-00061155 Qin army is eager to beat us.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00262-00061155-00061300 Would they agree to peace negotiations?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00263-00061316-00061464 It's a doomed petition,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00264-00061464-00061576 without any benefits.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00265-00061664-00061736 Your Majesty,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00266-00061764-00061891 the minute we get there,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00267-00061924-00062048 our heads will fall off.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00268-00062064-00062176 The loss outweighs
q3vAj5y9jgo-00269-00062176-00062316 the gain.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00270-00062560-00062652 During normal times,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00271-00062720-00062812 each of you
q3vAj5y9jgo-00272-00062812-00062896 steer the kingdom.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00273-00062920-00063104 With arrogance towering the sky, ordering your gestures.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00274-00063120-00063164 Now
q3vAj5y9jgo-00275-00063179-00063340 it's time for your service,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00276-00063352-00063436 Everyone of you
q3vAj5y9jgo-00277-00063436-00063655 is scared by a mouse, full of misgivings.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00278-00063767-00063900 What use do I have for you?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00279-00064024-00064212 We are guilty.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00280-00064367-00064436 Royal father,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00281-00064576-00064716 when we were raising funds for the provisions,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00282-00064732-00064908 I recommended Lyu Buwei.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00283-00064948-00065024 This time,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00284-00065055-00065167 I will also recommend him.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00285-00065236-00065420 Do you have some new moves?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00286-00065512-00065592 Your Majesty,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00287-00065636-00065896 Lyu Buwei is only a minor government official.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00288-00065896-00066060 Never been to other states.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00289-00066072-00066272 This will be irregular
q3vAj5y9jgo-00290-00066288-00066432 but of a joke.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00291-00066432-00066484 Royal father,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00292-00066532-00066764 I agree with the Prime Minister.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00293-00066800-00066952 If we were really going to negotiate with Qin,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00294-00066952-00067040 then we should not slight it.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00295-00067076-00067200 Master Lyu is still young.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00296-00067200-00067284 He cannot handle such important mission.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00297-00067320-00067520 Please select another person.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00298-00067564-00067672 A mere merchant!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00299-00067712-00067864 Peach negotiation is a major issue,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00300-00067864-00067952 not a child's play.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00301-00068064-00068256 He is only good at benefiting through debating,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00302-00068276-00068408 without any political achievements.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00303-00068436-00068548 To send him will be
q3vAj5y9jgo-00304-00068568-00068708 a loss of our demeanor.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00305-00068728-00068924 Wind up letting Qin laugh that we have no one capable.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00306-00068924-00069036 Then who can go?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00307-00069104-00069172 You?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00308-00069352-00069436 you,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00309-00069452-00069556 or you?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00310-00069784-00069972 Lyu Buwei is young and capable,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00311-00070024-00070116 intelligent and brave.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00312-00070172-00070404 He also travelled to many countries,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00313-00070440-00070552 with good relations with Qin.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00314-00070596-00070680 If he isn’t qualified,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00315-00070736-00070808 who can?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00316-00072104-00072268 In that case Treasurer Lyu does
q3vAj5y9jgo-00317-00072268-00072464 seem like a good candidate?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00318-00072596-00072676 Your Majesty,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00319-00072704-00072952 I only understand business.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00320-00072952-00073084 I do not understand negotiation.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00321-00073104-00073288 He is only a merchant.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00322-00073328-00073460 You don't need to worry about that,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00323-00073508-00073680 we will send a team of diplomats
q3vAj5y9jgo-00324-00073708-00073824 to assist you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00325-00073824-00074008 There’ll be helpers.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00326-00074008-00074092 But…
q3vAj5y9jgo-00327-00074096-00074164 Lyu Buwei,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00328-00074232-00074408 Loyal Father had favored you with many graces.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00329-00074444-00074576 Now that the country is in trouble.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00330-00074664-00074756 You don't want to consider repaying?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00331-00075180-00075248 Your Majesty,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00332-00075372-00075508 I am willing to go.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00333-00075580-00075676 But I beg for
q3vAj5y9jgo-00334-00075772-00075900 one request.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00335-00075920-00075972 Allowed.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00336-00076076-00076220 To show sincerity,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00337-00076244-00076592 please allow me to bring Royal Descendant with me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00338-00076592-00076676 No.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00339-00076788-00076860 That is not allowed.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00340-00076860-00076912 Your Majesty,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00341-00076932-00077068 if Zhao were to return the Royal Descendant
q3vAj5y9jgo-00342-00077068-00077300 plus agreeing to return Shangdang,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00343-00077300-00077528 Then, this peace negotiation is more hopeful.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00344-00077588-00077744 The city is negotiable
q3vAj5y9jgo-00345-00077756-00077912 but Royal Descendant must not be returned.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00346-00078016-00078156 If Zhao continues to keep Royal Descendant as hostage
q3vAj5y9jgo-00347-00078156-00078348 while negotiating for peace.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00348-00078348-00078512 Then that is a joke.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00349-00078528-00078612 Releasing Royal Descendant,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00350-00078652-00078764 Qin won’t fear of anything.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00351-00078804-00078868 Royal father,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00352-00078924-00079024 absolutely no.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00353-00079024-00079248 Keeping Royal Descendant in Zhao will not stop the war,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00354-00079268-00079400 but if released,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00355-00079400-00079636 he definitely can persuade for a stop to the war.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00356-00079636-00079824 Is it persuading or adding fuel to the fire?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00357-00079892-00080028 Royal Descendant had been hostage for numerous years.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00358-00080028-00080204 It is normal that
q3vAj5y9jgo-00359-00080204-00080320 he would seek revenge.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00360-00080320-00080408 Prince,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00361-00080548-00080772 are you wanting Qin to suspect our sincerity?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00362-00080772-00080948 Or wanting to deliberately wreck the peace negotiation?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00363-00080948-00081148 I think you are using the peace negotiation as excuse
q3vAj5y9jgo-00364-00081160-00081292 to let the tiger back into the mountains.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00365-00081312-00081368 All right,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00366-00081368-00081476 the two of you both stop.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00367-00082312-00082512 As long as Qin agrees to a peace talk,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00368-00082528-00082688 then I will send Yin Yiren
q3vAj5y9jgo-00369-00082696-00082884 completely back.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00370-00082944-00083020 I won’t break this promise.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00371-00083176-00083244 Your Majesty,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00372-00083344-00083564 Lyu Buwei will use every effort to
q3vAj5y9jgo-00373-00083588-00083748 achieve peace between the two states.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00374-00083792-00083936 As long as your peace negotiation succeeds,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00375-00083980-00084156 I will give a handsome reward
q3vAj5y9jgo-00376-00084156-00084360 surpassing all of your business operations.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00377-00084440-00084588 Many thanks to Your Majesty.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00378-00085104-00085280 How can you agree to such conditions?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00379-00085320-00085480 This is our last chance.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00380-00085616-00085708 What chance?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00381-00085908-00086052 Deliver Royal Descendant back to Qin.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00382-00086168-00086260 Do you know how many additional guards
q3vAj5y9jgo-00383-00086260-00086380 are posted at the palace gate?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00384-00086448-00086660 Prince Jiao had been continuously watching us.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00385-00086676-00086756 How to get out
q3vAj5y9jgo-00386-00086848-00086936 is impossible.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00387-00086952-00087044 As long as one lives,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00388-00087092-00087220 it is to change the impossible
q3vAj5y9jgo-00389-00087340-00087424 into possible.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00390-00087644-00087860 How do you plan to proceed?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00391-00087892-00088020 Day after tomorrow is Double Ninth Festival,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00392-00088056-00088312 the King and Queen will go out for sightseeing.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00393-00088348-00088456 Ascending to a high point to enjoy the view.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00394-00088504-00088704 Prince Jiao is highly suspicious.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00395-00088740-00089012 He won’t allow you to remain in palace by yourself.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00396-00089040-00089128 Therefore
q3vAj5y9jgo-00397-00089260-00089408 we will do it on the way.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00398-00089440-00089584 Wishful thinking!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00399-00089616-00089756 At that time the security will be extremely tight.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00400-00089784-00089944 Not a chance for your plan.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00401-00090016-00090124 Succeed or not.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00402-00090188-00090340 We still have to give one last struggle.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00403-00090384-00090524 It is too dangerous.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00404-00090524-00090728 Both countries will eventually fight a war.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00405-00090780-00090916 If Qin wins,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00406-00090944-00091136 Royal Descendant will surely die.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00407-00091136-00091268 What if Zhao wins?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00408-00091268-00091408 If Zhao wins,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00409-00091452-00091708 Qin Royal Descendant will be imprisoned for life.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00410-00091736-00091876 That’s indeed to live is no better than to die.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00411-00091940-00092076 I asked the two of you to remember that
q3vAj5y9jgo-00412-00092124-00092308 this is the very last chance.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00413-00092948-00093212 Using Qin's hand to kill Lyu Buwei.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00414-00093284-00093492 Elder Brother's scheme is truly brilliant.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00415-00093688-00093864 Lyu Buwei is sneaky,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00416-00093903-00094044 I was surprised to
q3vAj5y9jgo-00417-00094112-00094236 see him agreeing.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00418-00094284-00094392 I also think
q3vAj5y9jgo-00419-00094427-00094720 this matter is very strange.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00420-00094764-00094884 Regardless
q3vAj5y9jgo-00421-00094920-00095108 the diplomatic team will start out immediately.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00422-00095128-00095316 He does not have a chance to think of a scheme.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00423-00095364-00095484 That's not necessarily true.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00424-00095528-00095700 Double Ninth Festival is coming up right away.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00425-00095740-00095888 According to palace regulations,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00426-00095896-00096196 royal father and mother will climb Cut Arrow Ridge to pray for good fortunes.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00427-00096300-00096420 At that time...
q3vAj5y9jgo-00428-00096440-00096592 Qin Royal Descendant is an esteemed guest,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00429-00096676-00096852 who can’t be left alone in the palace.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00430-00096852-00097040 But it’s not all safe on the way there either.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00431-00097080-00097288 There are many guards up and down the mountain.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00432-00097348-00097568 Lyu Buwei won’t be able to escape even if having wings this time.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00433-00097708-00097916 The terrain at Cut Arrow Ridge is dangerous.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00434-00097964-00098052 Elder Brother,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00435-00098136-00098312 by any chance, do you have any ulterior motive?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00436-00098452-00098712 Surely nothing escaped you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00437-00098824-00098984 I don't care about others,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00438-00099116-00099172 but...
q3vAj5y9jgo-00439-00099172-00099280 Don't worry.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00440-00099324-00099544 I will return Qin Royal Descendant well to you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00441-00099716-00099884 As for others,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00442-00099952-00100080 they shouldn't consider coming back.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00443-00100736-00100900 The clouds were thick before.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00444-00100952-00101052 I was expecting
q3vAj5y9jgo-00445-00101052-00101288 a big rainstorm.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00446-00101336-00101584 The cloud clear instantaneously.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00447-00101584-00101640 Yes,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00448-00101688-00101920 I hope we have good weather on Double Ninth day too,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00449-00101948-00102036 then we can climb up there.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00450-00102104-00102228 Good weather?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00451-00102588-00102664 Right,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00452-00102708-00102892 it will definitely have good weather.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00453-00102948-00103040 Xiaxue.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00454-00103064-00103124 Here.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00455-00103176-00103292 It's time,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00456-00103316-00103428 let him come see me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00457-00103511-00103580 Yes.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00458-00103924-00104040 Double Ninth Festival,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00459-00104068-00104164 Cut Arrow Ridge.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00460-00104272-00104480 It’s your only chance to kill her.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00461-00104564-00104692 What does Princess seek?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00462-00104764-00105016 I help you out of my resentment,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00463-00105064-00105211 I do not seek any reciprocate.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00464-00105252-00105472 Except that day there will heavy security,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00465-00105480-00105640 you need to be extra careful.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00466-00105716-00105852 I will also dispatch some help
q3vAj5y9jgo-00467-00105864-00106008 to ensure all is well.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00468-00106059-00106196 Thanks to Princess' reminder.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00469-00106692-00106752 Princess,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00470-00106780-00107004 if the Queen finds out about this matter.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00471-00107064-00107216 In order to reach the goal,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00472-00107252-00107408 I have no fear
q3vAj5y9jgo-00473-00107480-00107580 even if Mother punishes me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00474-00107764-00108092 Did the new material and bamboo slips
q3vAj5y9jgo-00475-00108140-00108228 we requested arrive yet?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00476-00108268-00108359 All delivered.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00477-00109911-00109992 Yue,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00478-00110168-00110259 what are you doing?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00479-00110280-00110392 We are leaving the palace soon,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00480-00110408-00110520 I am readying our luggage.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00481-00110576-00110711 Don't bring so many things.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00482-00110796-00110976 Just one set light clothing is enough.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00483-00111140-00111235 Put down
q3vAj5y9jgo-00484-00111235-00111340 the jewelry.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00485-00111340-00111440 That's not enough,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00486-00111476-00111576 Sister Haolan,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00487-00111588-00111748 we are going to Qin.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00488-00111748-00111808 Hush,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00489-00111948-00112088 Those stuff are not
q3vAj5y9jgo-00490-00112100-00112228 even enough for way there.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00491-00112292-00112411 We are going to hiking,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00492-00112411-00112516 we will be back soon.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00493-00112516-00112676 If you bring a big luggage,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00494-00112676-00112804 you will evoke suspicions.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00495-00112859-00112972 Why am I so dumb?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00496-00113132-00113252 You are not dumb,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00497-00113328-00113480 you are too happy.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00498-00113559-00113768 I am going to be smothered to death in the palace.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00499-00113792-00113948 It is really scary here.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00500-00113996-00114144 My brain needs to turn three times
q3vAj5y9jgo-00501-00114144-00114332 before I utter one word.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00502-00114359-00114552 Even if I just misspoke one sentence,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00503-00114552-00114732 my butt is almost messed up.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00504-00114788-00114868 Crude.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00505-00115076-00115168 Yes,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00506-00115183-00115272 crude.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00507-00115304-00115420 I won't speak of it anymore.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00508-00115644-00115744 Sister Haolan,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00509-00115768-00115972 we are going to escape this sea of bitterness soon.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00510-00116052-00116220 Why are you still not happy?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00511-00116300-00116596 The happier one is, the more calm and collected one must maintain.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00512-00116704-00116904 Put the happiness until after the matter is completed.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00513-00116916-00117064 Now is not the time.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00514-00117440-00117488 Come.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00515-00123248-00123359 Mother, look.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00516-00123435-00123632 The little paths in the field are interweaving.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00517-00123692-00123824 A look at it shows how vast it is.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00518-00123868-00124044 Also, there's a lake far away.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00519-00124096-00124224 That's River Qin.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00520-00124288-00124516 It begins on the west of Mount Zi and flows into the east of Fuyang.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00521-00124632-00124732 It's very long.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00522-00124811-00124928 I know.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00523-00125020-00125172 Every March,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00524-00125172-00125372 countless young men and women
q3vAj5y9jgo-00525-00125372-00125516 will travel there for a picnic.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00526-00125583-00125711 The water is flowing
q3vAj5y9jgo-00527-00125759-00125908 and revels to one's heart content.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00528-00125932-00126156 I wanted to out there to see often.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00529-00126240-00126483 Regrettably had very little chance to do it.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00530-00126532-00126696 Then you should lock that yearning
q3vAj5y9jgo-00531-00126780-00126924 into your mind.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00532-00127159-00127428 Don't ever attempt to realize it.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00533-00127492-00127592 Once realized,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00534-00127648-00127780 you will be greatly disappointed.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00535-00127816-00127924 I don't understand.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00536-00127959-00128248 This river that you like
q3vAj5y9jgo-00537-00128372-00128468 used to be full of willow.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00538-00128540-00128644 Willow.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00539-00128716-00128859 Then the scenery must be very pretty.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00540-00128888-00129220 Willows luxuriant, fine drizzle in succession.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00541-00129283-00129400 It is very pretty.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00542-00129483-00129624 During Shangsi Day,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00543-00129711-00129896 there was Handan girl.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00544-00130040-00130192 She was covered with a gauze kerchief over her head.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00545-00130220-00130564 She quietly came to the outskirt lake for an outing.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00546-00130648-00130752 That day,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00547-00130800-00131020 she sweep past eye full of greenery,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00548-00131044-00131192 ripples of azure waves.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00549-00131256-00131560 heading toward the bamboo forest.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00550-00131600-00131912 Saw an elegant man
q3vAj5y9jgo-00551-00131968-00132244 practicing sword in the forest.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00552-00132268-00132412 "The countryside is covered
q3vAj5y9jgo-00553-00132460-00132620 with green grass and dewdrops."
q3vAj5y9jgo-00554-00132692-00132820 "There's a beauty
q3vAj5y9jgo-00555-00132840-00132968 looking forward to tease".
q3vAj5y9jgo-00556-00133020-00133152 "I have a chance to meet today
q3vAj5y9jgo-00557-00133184-00133296 which makes me fall in love at first sight".
q3vAj5y9jgo-00558-00133360-00133432 Mother,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00559-00133488-00133736 did they fell in love at first sight?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00560-00133796-00133924 Exactly opposite.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00561-00134176-00134492 She thought he was a little foolish.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00562-00134504-00134732 Who will be loitering among the trees?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00563-00134760-00135184 But he was very persistent and took great pains.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00564-00135268-00135364 Finally slowly
q3vAj5y9jgo-00565-00135460-00135612 she develops affection.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00566-00135692-00135836 But later she found out
q3vAj5y9jgo-00567-00135880-00136056 he already made marriage promise.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00568-00136164-00136300 His fiancée is...
q3vAj5y9jgo-00569-00136432-00136616 actually her sister.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00570-00136744-00136816 She
q3vAj5y9jgo-00571-00136860-00136984 firmly
q3vAj5y9jgo-00572-00136984-00137244 cut off the relation and refuse to see him.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00573-00137296-00137388 but he
q3vAj5y9jgo-00574-00137480-00137612 persisted every day,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00575-00137692-00137888 and even went on
q3vAj5y9jgo-00576-00137932-00138012 hunger strike…
q3vAj5y9jgo-00577-00138096-00138424 Finally, he forced his parents to change their minds.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00578-00138456-00138632 That is love fated by the Gods.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00579-00138684-00138904 No one can break such apart.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00580-00138964-00139064 That time,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00581-00139140-00139492 he often whispered in her ears.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00582-00139624-00140048 At that time, when I set out to enlist in the army, the willows were fresh and green.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00583-00140108-00140564 Now, when I remove my armor and return to my hometown, the snowflakes float and fly about in the wilderness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00584-00140772-00140968 That is mother's favorite poem.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00585-00141148-00141364 On the way home,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00586-00141364-00141560 in severe weather,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00587-00141700-00141856 even if it's miserable and bleak
q3vAj5y9jgo-00588-00141876-00141976 but
q3vAj5y9jgo-00589-00142044-00142244 he was still full of hopes.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00590-00142352-00142436 Because
q3vAj5y9jgo-00591-00142496-00142636 in his hometown,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00592-00142696-00142900 There's that willows luxuriant,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00593-00142900-00143108 gentle breeze and fine drizzle for company.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00594-00143136-00143476 Also that lover long separated.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00595-00143560-00143688 They were dependent on
q3vAj5y9jgo-00596-00143748-00143920 and support each other.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00597-00143956-00144296 It is the most beautiful story in the mortal world.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00598-00144316-00144456 He would never have thought that
q3vAj5y9jgo-00599-00144512-00144656 with continuous battles,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00600-00144676-00144836 hearts easily betrays.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00601-00144876-00145252 That person already forgot him.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00602-00145300-00145640 That house that they held each other in.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00603-00145816-00145920 Is no longer a home.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00604-00146196-00146292 Ya'er,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00605-00146396-00146740 only when you reach my age, will you know.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00606-00146804-00146924 I feel
q3vAj5y9jgo-00607-00146980-00147112 my ending
q3vAj5y9jgo-00608-00147232-00147324 will not be the same.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00609-00147364-00147656 All the people thinks they are unique,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00610-00147656-00147812 but not so in reality.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00611-00147952-00148252 No one can escape the trick's fate play on us.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00612-00148356-00148480 No one.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00613-00151768-00151836 There's an ambush.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00614-00151836-00151940 I'm getting down.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00615-00152452-00152520 There are assassins!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00616-00152520-00152640 Protect His Majesty and Her Highness!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00617-00153120-00153184 Older Sister Haolan,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00618-00153184-00153292 wait for me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00619-00153392-00153544 Yue, be careful.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00620-00154692-00154888 Master expected this.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00621-00154944-00155024 Take actions now!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00622-00157044-00157196 Someone is even more ruthless than me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00623-00157196-00157288 Protect His Majesty and Her highness!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00624-00157288-00157384 Protect His Majesty and Her highness! Retreat!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00625-00157384-00157432 His Majesty and Her highness!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00626-00157432-00157520 Retreat!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00627-00159340-00159440 What are you doing?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00628-00159440-00159492 Get in the carriage!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00629-00159504-00159580 I'm going with you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00630-00159580-00159652 You are not going anywhere?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00631-00159652-00159792 What will I do if you are wounded? Get in the carriage!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00632-00160396-00160444 Royal Descendant,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00633-00160444-00160488 let's go.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00634-00160720-00160836 Older Sister Haolan, it's time
q3vAj5y9jgo-00635-00160844-00161020 Meet up with the Master now!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00636-00161340-00161416 Be careful.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00637-00161732-00161880 Royal Descendant, leave now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00638-00161880-00161960 When you arrive at the base of the mountain,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00639-00161960-00162068 someone will receive you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00640-00162112-00162180 Where's Haolan?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00641-00162196-00162276 We have arranged to
q3vAj5y9jgo-00642-00162276-00162348 meet at the base of the mountain.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00643-00162348-00162412 Save me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00644-00162484-00162556 Help!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00645-00162632-00162712 Save me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00646-00162712-00162772 Haolan?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00647-00163284-00163368 Stop the carriage.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00648-00163380-00163468 Save me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00649-00163508-00163588 Save me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00650-00163636-00163732 Save me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00651-00163844-00163940 Save me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00652-00163944-00164024 Save me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00653-00164080-00164196 Stop the carriage now!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00654-00168684-00168792 Royal Descendant Qin.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00655-00168872-00168948 Leave now!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00656-00169496-00169692 Everyone says that Royal Descendant Qin has a weak constitution.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00657-00169748-00169848 I found out today that
q3vAj5y9jgo-00658-00169880-00170020 it's just a cover up.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00659-00170040-00170132 You are overpraising me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00660-00170216-00170360 It was just to save lives
q3vAj5y9jgo-00661-00170372-00170520 and save the publicity.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00662-00170560-00170620 Release her
q3vAj5y9jgo-00663-00170684-00170816 and I ensure that you will leave safely.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00664-00170996-00171092 It's a pity that
q3vAj5y9jgo-00665-00171188-00171376 she killed my most beloved woman.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00666-00171416-00171552 A life for a life!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00667-00171572-00171696 Who are you?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00668-00171788-00171952 Do you still remember Xiao Hongye?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00669-00171972-00172160 That Lady-in-waiting who was killed by you?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00670-00172188-00172300 You are her lover.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00671-00172328-00172472 She was my future wife.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00672-00172536-00172800 In order to get funds to help with my promotion,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00673-00172800-00172964 she stole the jewel
q3vAj5y9jgo-00674-00172976-00173124 and was killed by you!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00675-00173308-00173444 This is very strange.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00676-00173556-00173712 She died under the hands of Her Highness.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00677-00173732-00173832 What has this to do with me?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00678-00173840-00173940 Shut up!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00679-00173960-00174096 A woman like you
q3vAj5y9jgo-00680-00174108-00174260 should be cut into thousands of pieces!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00681-00174260-00174328 Stop.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00682-00174612-00174724 Don't come near me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00683-00174776-00174892 What are you trying to do?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00684-00174892-00175032 If I die today,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00685-00175096-00175244 I will take her along with me!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00686-00175244-00175308 Speak.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00687-00175396-00175516 What should we do before you will release her?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00688-00175516-00175632 The both of you, back up.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00689-00175668-00175764 Let me leave.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00690-00175780-00175856 I agree.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00691-00175856-00175956 Impossible.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00692-00175976-00176048 What?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00693-00176096-00176216 Difference in opinions?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00694-00176272-00176404 Who should I listen to?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00695-00176404-00176488 Lyu Buwei,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00696-00176508-00176576 let him go.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00697-00176648-00176764 He will harm Haolan.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00698-00176800-00176960 Do you think that by capturing her,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00699-00176996-00177180 you can threaten me?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00700-00177224-00177312 Who is she?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00701-00177416-00177544 She's nothing
q3vAj5y9jgo-00702-00177572-00177696 to me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00703-00177744-00177816 Lyu Buwei!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00704-00177856-00177944 Kill her!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00705-00177980-00178092 I want you to kill her!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00706-00178124-00178264 I will really kill her!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00707-00178304-00178368 Coward.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00708-00178500-00178664 You are the real killer instead.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00709-00178704-00178780 What did you say?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00710-00178828-00179056 Xiao Hongye didn't steal the jewel for you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00711-00179084-00179256 She didn't do it for you to remain in the palace.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00712-00179280-00179500 She didn't do it for you to fight for your benefits.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00713-00179560-00179608 Nonsense.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00714-00179680-00179760 You are spouting nonsense.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00715-00179760-00179948 She didn't kill anyone.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00716-00179992-00180072 It was you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00717-00180156-00180324 You could protect your beloved person.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00718-00180356-00180528 It's all because you are incapable and stupid.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00719-00180528-00180652 Shut up!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00720-00180660-00180880 You are the most idiotic man in the kingdom!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00721-00181108-00181168 Haolan.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00722-00182116-00182224 Royal Descendant Qin!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00723-00182268-00182344 Royal Descendant Qin!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00724-00182488-00182560 Lyu Buwei,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00725-00182608-00182732 why are you still standing there?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00726-00182784-00182884 Royal Descendant is wounded.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00727-00182908-00183028 Come and help now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00728-00183100-00183220 The soldiers on the chase will be here soon.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00729-00183264-00183384 Let's leave now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00730-00183384-00183440 No,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00731-00183500-00183660 Royal Descendant Qin is wounded now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00732-00183704-00183776 He needs a doctor to treat him.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00733-00183776-00183936 If we are late, our efforts will be wasted.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00734-00183936-00184032 Lyu Buwei,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00735-00184032-00184208 do you really want to kill Royal Descendant Qin?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00736-00184208-00184336 I'm saving him.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00737-00184800-00184904 General Gao.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00738-00184968-00185064 Thank heaven and earth,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00739-00185064-00185132 you are finally here.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00740-00185132-00185168 Yes.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00741-00185196-00185368 When I received the report at the base of the mountain, I immediately rushed here.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00742-00185376-00185436 What's going on?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00743-00185504-00185600 Royal Descendant Qin met an assassin.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00744-00185908-00186072 Quick, help Royal Descendant up the mountain.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00745-00187484-00187544 Let's go.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00746-00189508-00189592 So, how is it?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00747-00190400-00190508 I'm asking you a question.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00748-00190692-00190844 This arrow didn't kill him
q3vAj5y9jgo-00749-00190892-00191016 but it injured his heart meridian.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00750-00191044-00191148 How to treat this then?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00751-00191192-00191332 What medicine is needed?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00752-00191364-00191528 How should we nurse him?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00753-00191544-00191640 As for the food and drinks,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00754-00191640-00191768 what should we take note of?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00755-00191836-00191920 Princess,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00756-00191940-00192060 Royal Descendant of Qin is ill now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00757-00192076-00192196 He needs peace to rest.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00758-00192224-00192392 Please keep quiet.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00759-00192412-00192480 How dare you!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00760-00193524-00193596 Princess,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00761-00193608-00193708 Her Highness wants to see you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00762-00193736-00193796 I'm not going.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00763-00193844-00194084 Before Royal Descendant wakes up, I'm not going anywhere.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00764-00194104-00194192 But Her Highness...
q3vAj5y9jgo-00765-00194192-00194336 Didn't you hear what I said?!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00766-00194364-00194524 I fear if I infuriate Her Highness,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00767-00194524-00194756 she will resent Royal Descendant...
q3vAj5y9jgo-00768-00195211-00195288 Yin Xiaochun,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00769-00195380-00195508 I have faith in your ability.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00770-00195528-00195628 I will tolerate your temper
q3vAj5y9jgo-00771-00195704-00195892 but if Royal Descendant was unwell in any way,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00772-00195911-00196028 I will take your life!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00773-00197852-00197924 Princess,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00774-00197984-00198067 what are you doing?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00775-00198067-00198300 Royal Descendant was seriously hurt because of you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00776-00198308-00198459 You still dare to show up here?!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00777-00198459-00198548 I feel guilty for
q3vAj5y9jgo-00778-00198592-00198728 Royal Descendant being hurt
q3vAj5y9jgo-00779-00198815-00199000 but I owe Royal Descendant of Qin
q3vAj5y9jgo-00780-00199000-00199136 and not you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00781-00199136-00199252 Do I need a reason
q3vAj5y9jgo-00782-00199304-00199404 to teach a servant a lesson?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00783-00199448-00199659 Princess is momentarily in a state of panic and has lost her cool.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00784-00199688-00199815 If this reaches Her Highness's ears,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00785-00199815-00200044 she will immediately choose a son-in-law
q3vAj5y9jgo-00786-00200044-00200228 and marry you off to a distant place
q3vAj5y9jgo-00787-00200228-00200376 to avoid this scandal
q3vAj5y9jgo-00788-00200376-00200528 from affecting the reputation of His Majesty.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00789-00200528-00200652 Also, regarding what happened in Mount Mafu,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00790-00200720-00200836 Princess, did you totally forget about this?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00791-00200900-00201052 I know your words are sharp
q3vAj5y9jgo-00792-00201072-00201220 and I salute your courage.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00793-00201308-00201424 But because of you,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00794-00201460-00201684 I almost lost my beloved person.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00795-00201796-00201900 Li Haolan,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00796-00201936-00202072 starting from today,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00797-00202084-00202340 I won't let you take any steps closer to Royal Descendant.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00798-00202360-00202428 Princess,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00799-00202516-00202600 loving someone is
q3vAj5y9jgo-00800-00202624-00202772 just like sand in your palms.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00801-00202868-00203088 The tighter you clasp, the faster you will lose it.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00802-00203144-00203380 When will you know how to respect Royal Descendant
q3vAj5y9jgo-00803-00203416-00203596 before he will really look at you?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00804-00204488-00204548 Mother,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00805-00204580-00204680 looking for me?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00806-00204819-00204884 Look,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00807-00204944-00205212 your older brother just gifted me a yellow warbler.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00808-00205252-00205416 Is it pretty or not?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00809-00205416-00205584 If there are no other instructions,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00810-00205612-00205752 I'm taking my leave now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00811-00205819-00205960 You are not allowed to go anywhere.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00812-00206040-00206144 He's hurt.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00813-00206164-00206276 His injury is very serious.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00814-00206323-00206460 Let him die then.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00815-00206476-00206548 Mother.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00816-00206616-00206892 You keep hanging around the hostage prince every day.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00817-00206892-00207180 Aren't you afraid that the people in the kingdom would laugh at you?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00818-00207180-00207404 At this moment, regardless of what you say,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00819-00207432-00207608 I need to be with him.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00820-00207608-00207771 If you dare to take a step,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00821-00207828-00207964 I will kill him.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00822-00208052-00208119 Mother,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00823-00208171-00208384 why are you being so cold as to stop me?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00824-00208423-00208580 Because he's from Qin?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00825-00208619-00208760 Because he's a hostage prince?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00826-00208823-00209104 Because you are my only daughter.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00827-00209252-00209423 Among the men in the kingdom,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00828-00209452-00209680 you can choose anyone.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00829-00209700-00210064 You can fall in love with a peddler or servant.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00830-00210064-00210404 You can also fall in love with a condemned rebel
q3vAj5y9jgo-00831-00210404-00210623 but you must not fall in love
q3vAj5y9jgo-00832-00210684-00210808 with someone who doesn't love you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00833-00210848-00210967 But in my heart,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00834-00211004-00211136 as long as I achieve my goal,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00835-00211136-00211228 and obtain the one whom I love,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00836-00211271-00211419 I don't care about anything else.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00837-00211419-00211600 Including losing your self-respect
q3vAj5y9jgo-00838-00211632-00211767 and being shameless?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00839-00211840-00211948 Guan! Guan! Cry the fish hawks
q3vAj5y9jgo-00840-00212000-00212116 on sandbars in the river:
q3vAj5y9jgo-00841-00212171-00212276 a mild-mannered good girl,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00842-00212276-00212376 fine match for the gentleman.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00843-00212460-00212619 Mother, you kept telling me that
q3vAj5y9jgo-00844-00212636-00212836 there are no differences between men and women.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00845-00212836-00213048 Why does men have the rights to pursue love
q3vAj5y9jgo-00846-00213048-00213204 but it doesn’t work for women?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00847-00213204-00213512 I told you to fight for what you want
q3vAj5y9jgo-00848-00213512-00213636 but I already told you,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00849-00213684-00213884 that as a woman,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00850-00213900-00214056 you should receive favors,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00851-00214056-00214228 love and happiness
q3vAj5y9jgo-00852-00214228-00214304 and not to
q3vAj5y9jgo-00853-00214388-00214523 have a hard time.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00854-00214571-00214844 "I have always dreamed of loving a beautiful girl."
q3vAj5y9jgo-00855-00214844-00215048 It's the process that everyone loves to pursue
q3vAj5y9jgo-00856-00215048-00215156 but feels tired of
q3vAj5y9jgo-00857-00215240-00215480 everything in your fingertips.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00858-00215571-00215888 Royal Descendant of Qin is not that special at all.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00859-00216016-00216360 If a woman doesn't has any pride,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00860-00216504-00216860 but always bows down to a man,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00861-00216876-00217096 even if he's the one you love,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00862-00217108-00217300 he will look down on you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00863-00218896-00218964 Xiaochun,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00864-00219052-00219160 tell me honestly.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00865-00219248-00219452 How is Royal Descendant of Qin's injury?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00866-00219452-00219544 Let me say this.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00867-00219612-00219764 If someone else were to treat him,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00868-00219844-00219996 we would need to place his corpse in a coffin.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00869-00219996-00220071 Xiaochun!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00870-00220132-00220240 Don't panic.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00871-00220284-00220423 Didn't he run into me?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00872-00220523-00220596 Don't worry.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00873-00220723-00220860 He will regain consciousness soon.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00874-00220912-00221084 It's just that his heart meridian was injured.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00875-00221116-00221256 He needs to recuperate for six months.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00876-00221371-00221532 Will he recover to his original form?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00877-00221532-00221748 It's already lucky that he could preserve his life.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00878-00221840-00221956 If he recovers from the treatment,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00879-00221996-00222296 he may also have tightness in his chest and pains in the future.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00880-00222352-00222408 Haolan,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00881-00222464-00222548 you are right.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00882-00222600-00222752 If he had left Zhao state,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00883-00222864-00223012 I fear that before he reaches the border,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00884-00223084-00223296 he would have died.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00885-00223764-00223836 Master,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00886-00223876-00224076 why didn't you ask for the doctor?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00887-00224148-00224356 No one must know about this.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00888-00224404-00224580 Do you want to hide it from others
q3vAj5y9jgo-00889-00224700-00224948 or just from Older Sister Haolan?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00890-00225152-00225271 You are overthinking.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00891-00225288-00225336 No,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00892-00225364-00225471 I'm not.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00893-00225548-00225704 It's you who keep lying to her.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00894-00225832-00225904 I didn't.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00895-00225916-00226012 You did.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00896-00226116-00226256 Not only did you lie to her,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00897-00226319-00226440 you are lying to yourself too.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00898-00226467-00226623 Pretending to be emotionless towards her,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00899-00226664-00226804 and pretending not to love her.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00900-00226848-00226980 Pretending to be a block of stone,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00901-00227032-00227248 pretending not to be pain and wouldn't bleed.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00902-00227288-00227396 Situ Yue...
q3vAj5y9jgo-00903-00227396-00227608 You distinctly got hurt because of her
q3vAj5y9jgo-00904-00227608-00227816 but why didn't you tell her?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00905-00227896-00228123 Why must you let her misunderstand you?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00906-00228123-00228304 Since I wanted to cut off her love,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00907-00228423-00228592 I shouldn't let her heart be wavered.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00908-00228636-00228764 But she hates you.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00909-00228923-00229088 Isn’t this what I want?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00910-00229123-00229304 Older Sister Haolan said that you were cruel.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00911-00229348-00229460 I didn't believe it before,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00912-00229496-00229636 but I believe now.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00913-00229684-00229816 Not only are you cruel to others,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00914-00229856-00229964 you are cruel to yourself too.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00915-00230000-00230219 You don't give yourself any escape route.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00916-00230319-00230428 Don't say anymore.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00917-00230552-00230604 No,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00918-00230616-00230688 I must say.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00919-00230708-00230828 I insist on talking.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00920-00230840-00230900 Master,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00921-00230923-00231128 why must you treat Older Sister Haolan this way?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00922-00231128-00231336 Why must you treat yourself this way?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00923-00231760-00231860 You won't understand.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00924-00232088-00232223 When I first met Haolan,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00925-00232288-00232464 I knew that she was very similar to me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00926-00232867-00233004 When we run into difficulties,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00927-00233123-00233260 we wouldn't give up.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00928-00233316-00233460 I fear when we run into despair,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00929-00233516-00233628 we will still want to keep going.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00930-00233700-00233788 The both of us
q3vAj5y9jgo-00931-00233867-00233996 are just like light and shadow,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00932-00234180-00234312 with mutual attraction.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00933-00234367-00234536 Of course, we would fall in love with each other.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00934-00234744-00234884 But we have
q3vAj5y9jgo-00935-00234944-00235100 different goals.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00936-00235219-00235408 Power and status, to her,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00937-00235460-00235608 is not so good as having a warm family.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00938-00235728-00235792 As for me,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00939-00235876-00236000 I can't give that to her.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00940-00236167-00236328 I shouldn't give her any hopes.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00941-00236380-00236556 You will definitely regret in the future.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00942-00236632-00236764 What I want,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00943-00236880-00237036 is only power.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00944-00237152-00237323 I don't know what regret is.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00945-00237380-00237440 You...!
q3vAj5y9jgo-00946-00238012-00238223 Did those assassins confess?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00947-00238223-00238308 Reporting, Your Majesty.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00948-00238328-00238580 All the assassins are dead by killing themselves.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00949-00238664-00238776 You couldn't get anything out from them?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00950-00238896-00239036 Under the broad daylight,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00951-00239036-00239267 so many members of my team have been killed.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00952-00239267-00239460 You didn't even get anything from the interrogation?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00953-00239512-00239600 I have sinned.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00954-00239752-00239840 Royal Father,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00955-00239900-00240223 General Gao just brought his soldiers to safeguard the base of the mountain.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00956-00240264-00240384 If he didn't rush here in time,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00957-00240444-00240692 I fear we would have been buried at Cut Arrow Ridge.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00958-00240740-00240819 Why don't we
q3vAj5y9jgo-00959-00240944-00241028 forgive him?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00960-00241071-00241192 I'm willing to accept my punishment.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00961-00241200-00241319 Your Majesty, please punish me.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00962-00241448-00241528 I advise that
q3vAj5y9jgo-00963-00241552-00241752 we let General Gao continue to investigate this case
q3vAj5y9jgo-00964-00241800-00242019 and place him on probation for his crime for rendering his service.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00965-00242052-00242119 Search
q3vAj5y9jgo-00966-00242167-00242323 the entire Handan city
q3vAj5y9jgo-00967-00242323-00242436 to find the perpetrator.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00968-00242488-00242588 I will abide.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00969-00243116-00243256 How is Yu'er now?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00970-00243348-00243519 What did the doctor say?
q3vAj5y9jgo-00971-00243519-00243700 Younger Brother has the blessings of heaven
q3vAj5y9jgo-00972-00243752-00243892 and also has a doctor treating him.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00973-00243900-00244100 He will recover in a matter of time.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00974-00244116-00244271 There's no need for you to worry.
q3vAj5y9jgo-00975-00244496-00244552 No,
q3vAj5y9jgo-00976-00244636-00244816 I'm going to see him now.
q43-mKzIlIU-00000-00000224-00000624 Greetings and welcome to the discussion on building a Web Page.
q43-mKzIlIU-00001-00000624-00001168 In this exercise, you will take the HTML code for an existing web page and modify
q43-mKzIlIU-00002-00001168-00001432 and customize it to make it your own.
q43-mKzIlIU-00003-00001432-00001936 It your task to download the HTML file that is used to display the
q43-mKzIlIU-00004-00001936-00002408 sample web page, modify it to create a web page customized by you.
q43-mKzIlIU-00005-00002512-00002880 Before we get started on the actual project itself, I have
q43-mKzIlIU-00006-00002880-00003288 a couple of suggestions. I highly recommend that you create
q43-mKzIlIU-00007-00003288-00003744 a new folder for this class. You can use "File Explorer" on
q43-mKzIlIU-00008-00003744-00004056 Microsoft Windows,  or "Finder" on macOS.
q43-mKzIlIU-00009-00004120-00004552 I named my top level folder "IntroToCIS".
q43-mKzIlIU-00010-00004616-00005096 I also suggest that you make separate folders for each of your classes.
q43-mKzIlIU-00011-00005160-00005528 If you organize your files into folders, it will make it easier
q43-mKzIlIU-00012-00005528-00006016 to find things in the future. This would also be a great place
q43-mKzIlIU-00013-00006016-00006431 to save a copy of the syllabus. You may need a copy of the syllabus
q43-mKzIlIU-00014-00006431-00006823 in the future if you transfer to another college or university.
q43-mKzIlIU-00015-00006823-00007223 I want to cover keyboard shortcuts also known as hot-keys.
q43-mKzIlIU-00016-00007223-00007704 When editing a document, you can either use the drop-down menu commands,
q43-mKzIlIU-00017-00007704-00008128 or the keyboard shortcuts. I find the keyboard shortcuts
q43-mKzIlIU-00018-00008128-00008632 very handy and quick to use. If you plan on spending a lot of
q43-mKzIlIU-00019-00008632-00009032 time on the computer, I recommend learning at least a few of them.
q43-mKzIlIU-00020-00009128-00009712 I can see that 'Undo' command uses the Ctrl-Z shortcut on Microsoft
q43-mKzIlIU-00021-00009712-00010376 Windows and ⌘-Z on macOS. Most of the keyboard shortcuts on a
q43-mKzIlIU-00022-00010376-00010840 Microsoft Windows system use a combination of the Control key and another key.
q43-mKzIlIU-00023-00010904-00011424 Although the Mac also has a Control key, most of the keyboard shortcuts
q43-mKzIlIU-00024-00011424-00012016 use the ⌘ command key. Select-All is Ctrl-A or ⌘-A Copy
q43-mKzIlIU-00025-00012016-00012608 to the clipboard is Ctrl-C or ⌘-C Paste from the clipboard is Ctrl-V
q43-mKzIlIU-00026-00012608-00013568 or ⌘-V Save is Ctrl-S or ⌘-S Undo is Ctrl-Z or ⌘-Z Now, on
q43-mKzIlIU-00027-00013568-00014328 to the actual Web Page project. 1. Click the "HTML code for the sample
q43-mKzIlIU-00028-00014328-00014663 web page" link on Canvas to display the sample code
q43-mKzIlIU-00029-00014736-00015224 2. Select all of the code 3. Copy into the clipboard
q43-mKzIlIU-00030-00015224-00015584 4. Open a text editor. Not a word processor.
q43-mKzIlIU-00031-00015640-00016016 Use Notepad on a Windows PC or TextEdit on macOS
q43-mKzIlIU-00032-00016104-00016712 5. Paste the code into the text editor 6. Don't close the file yet, but save
q43-mKzIlIU-00033-00016712-00017184 it to your disk with Ctrl-S on Windows or Command-S on macOS.
q43-mKzIlIU-00034-00017296-00017880 When saving the file with Notepad, be sure to select the [Save As Type] to
q43-mKzIlIU-00035-00017880-00018856 "All Files (*.*)" or Notepad will append .txt to the end of the file name.
q43-mKzIlIU-00036-00018952-00019664 Save the file with the name NewWebPage htm To display a different title on
q43-mKzIlIU-00037-00019664-00020200 the window tab, change the text between the <title> and </title> tags.
q43-mKzIlIU-00038-00020296-00020760 To change the first line on the web page, change the text directly after
q43-mKzIlIU-00039-00020760-00021514 the <font size="+2"> and <b> tags. The <b> and </b> tags make everything
q43-mKzIlIU-00040-00021514-00021664 that is between them bold. Put your name on the web
q43-mKzIlIU-00041-00021664-00022256 page instead of mine. This is located between the <font
q43-mKzIlIU-00042-00022256-00023088 size="+1"> and </font> tags. I'll show how to change the image
q43-mKzIlIU-00043-00023088-00023552 picture to a new one in just a moment. Change the block of text that
q43-mKzIlIU-00044-00023552-00024016 discusses why I am teaching the class to something new.
q43-mKzIlIU-00045-00024016-00024632 The <br> tags move the text down to the next line.
q43-mKzIlIU-00046-00024696-00025232 If you don't use any of the <br> tags, then the text will automatically move
q43-mKzIlIU-00047-00025232-00025632 down to the next line when it reaches the right side of the browser's window.
q43-mKzIlIU-00048-00025704-00026152 This is called word-wrap. You can then see the word wrapping
q43-mKzIlIU-00049-00026152-00026432 change if you change the size of the browser window.
q43-mKzIlIU-00050-00026504-00026976 Change the link from a web page from San Jose City College to something else.
q43-mKzIlIU-00051-00027032-00027592 I'm changing it to point to google.com. You need to change both the link address
q43-mKzIlIU-00052-00027592-00028360 of http://sjcc.edu and the text that will be displayed on the web page.
q43-mKzIlIU-00053-00028480-00029104 Ok. Let's look at how to change the image. If you look at the <img> tag in the
q43-mKzIlIU-00054-00029104-00029839 HTML code, you will see that the image came from https://images.pexels
q43-mKzIlIU-00055-00029839-00030536 com with a whole bunch of extra stuff after images.pexels.com.
q43-mKzIlIU-00056-00030592-00030976 Although you can select an image from anywhere on the Internet, I
q43-mKzIlIU-00057-00030976-00031495 chose pexels.com because they have thousands of searchable free pictures
q43-mKzIlIU-00058-00031495-00032032 that people have uploaded. When using Microsoft Windows, right-click
q43-mKzIlIU-00059-00032032-00032472 the image and select "Copy image link" from the menu.
q43-mKzIlIU-00060-00032472-00032864 Do not click the "Copy Link" menu selection.
q43-mKzIlIU-00061-00032864-00033552 Make sure it is Copy image link. On a Mac, right-click a mouse, or
q43-mKzIlIU-00062-00033552-00034104 two-finger-click the touchpad and select "Copy image address" from the menu.
q43-mKzIlIU-00063-00034104-00034472 Again, make sure you don’t select "Copy Link".
q43-mKzIlIU-00064-00034536-00035416 Paste that address into the HTML <img> tag starting after src=" and before the
q43-mKzIlIU-00065-00035416-00036040 closing " quote of the image address. The <img> tag also has attributes
q43-mKzIlIU-00066-00036040-00036464 for width and height. You can either specify these values
q43-mKzIlIU-00067-00036464-00036856 as the number of pixels or as a percentage of the original photo.
q43-mKzIlIU-00068-00036960-00037632 I selected a percentage value. Pixels are the super tiny dots of
q43-mKzIlIU-00069-00037632-00038200 color that make up the display. The pexels.com website did a very clever
q43-mKzIlIU-00070-00038200-00038664 spelling change of pixels with an 'i' when they named their site.
q43-mKzIlIU-00071-00038720-00039216 If you have your own picture, it would need to be uploaded to a server somewhere
q43-mKzIlIU-00072-00039216-00039640 on the Internet and then you would need to get the address of that picture.
q43-mKzIlIU-00073-00039752-00040120 Save the web page again using Ctrl-S or ⌘-S.
q43-mKzIlIU-00074-00040208-00040696 Now, use File Explorer on Windows or Finder on macOS and double-click
q43-mKzIlIU-00075-00040696-00041104 the HTML file you created to display your new web page.
q43-mKzIlIU-00076-00041168-00041608 You will be displaying the web page from a file on your computer as
q43-mKzIlIU-00077-00041608-00041976 opposed to displaying the web page from a server on the Internet.
q43-mKzIlIU-00078-00042056-00042528 If this is something that you would like to share with friends or family, I can
q43-mKzIlIU-00079-00042528-00042952 put your web page on my server and provide you with the link to share.
q43-mKzIlIU-00080-00043080-00043440 When you have completed the web page, get a screenshot of the page.
q43-mKzIlIU-00081-00043496-00043888 Instructions for Windows and macOS are provided in the lab report.
q43-mKzIlIU-00082-00043960-00044432 Paste the screenshot into the lab report and paste the actual
q43-mKzIlIU-00083-00044432-00044928 HTML code into the lab report. Don't forget to complete the Discussion
q43-mKzIlIU-00084-00044928-00045208 section of the lab report before you upload it to Canvas.
q43-mKzIlIU-00085-00045288-00045792 This is the end of the presentation on completing the Web Page lab project.
q43-mKzIlIU-00086-00045792-00046272 Have fun. Bye for now.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00000-00000122-00000605 Manaoag is Manaoag because of tawag (call).
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00001-00000605-00001002 In the town, a voice calls.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00002-00001002-00002110 Dagupan is the Dagupan because of pandaragupan (a gathering place) and here people come together.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00003-00002110-00002347 People assemble.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00004-00002347-00002690 The revolutionaries assembled here.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00005-00002690-00003282 The longest railway started in Manila and ended in Dagupan.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00006-00003282-00004253 And business people come to Dagupan that is why it is pandaragupan (a gathering place).
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00007-00004253-00005609 But something strange, from our point of view happened, in 1898 from June 27th until July
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00008-00005609-00006656 22nd when the revolutionaries against Spain wanting to secure the image of our Lady of
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00009-00006656-00007467 Manaoag brought the image to Dagupan for refuge.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00010-00007467-00008476 Those 25 memorable days in Dagupan are etched in our history because the Virgen Mother of
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00011-00008476-00008775 Manaog slept with us.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00012-00008775-00009340 So, the sun rise and set with us.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00013-00009340-00010095 She stayed with us and it was a great privilege that the Virgin of Manaoag, wanting to be
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00014-00010095-00010832 protected, sought refuge and protection in the city.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00015-00010832-00011853 And like good caretakers we returned the Virgin of Manaoag to her shrine when it was safe
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00016-00011853-00012117 for her to return.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00017-00012117-00012869 But those 25 beautiful days will forever be in our hearts, Dagupenyos (natives of Dagupan)
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00018-00012869-00013250 and that is what we are celebrating.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00019-00013250-00014413 When for 25 beautiful days the Mother of Manaoag stayed in Dagupan because Dagupan was more
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00020-00014413-00014856 secure and safe for our mother.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00021-00014856-00015245 It is a joy to take care of your mother.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00022-00015245-00015927 It brings you some consolation that the one who nurtured you… the one who endured birth
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00023-00015927-00016533 pains for you… allows herself to be cared by you.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00024-00016533-00017372 And that is a great honor that Dagupan received in those memorable 25 days.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00025-00017372-00018164 But what makes it even more memorable is not just the mother asks to be cared by her children.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00026-00018164-00018989 It is because also that the protector asks to be protected.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00027-00018989-00019804 We remember how it was in the gospel of Saint Luke when Joseph brought the child Jesus and
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00028-00019804-00020279 the mother to Egypt in order to secure the child.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00029-00020279-00020490 It was like those days.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00030-00020490-00021239 Dagupan was the Egypt of the mother and here she was secured.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00031-00021239-00022394 The protector sought protection and the children seeking protection became her protectors.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00032-00022394-00023430 That is the poetic way of putting it… that the mother who cares needed care and the children
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00033-00023430-00024284 who seek her care were the ones who took care of the mother, who cares for all of us.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00034-00024284-00025011 It is an irony that the protector needed protection and when the protector needed protection,
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00035-00025011-00025776 Dagupan came forward and said - We will protect our mother.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00036-00025776-00026744 And this afternoon, we realize what is proclaimed in the Gospel of Saint John after the event
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00037-00026744-00027018 of the crucifixion.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00038-00027018-00027827 And from that time on the disciple, the beloved took her into his home.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00039-00027827-00028741 To Dagupan cathedral under the patronage of Saint John the fisherman who became an evangelist
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00040-00028741-00029277 is home for the Mother of Manaoag.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00041-00029277-00030145 But something tells us that there is a message coming from Manaoag and message coming from
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00042-00030145-00030277 Dagupan.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00043-00030277-00031520 Today, we Mary’s children hear the voice because the voice says Come to Dagupan.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00044-00031520-00031668 Gali kayo Dagupan.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00045-00031668-00031814 Gali kayo Manaog.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00046-00031814-00031962 (Come to Dagupan.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00047-00031962-00032108 Come to Manaog.)
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00048-00032108-00032208 Halikayo dito.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00049-00032208-00032452 (Come be with us here.)
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00050-00032452-00032850 Come to Dagupan as you have come to Manaog.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00051-00032850-00033010 I am here.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00052-00033010-00033409 Am I not your mother?
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00053-00033409-00033730 Do not be afraid.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00054-00033730-00033973 Come to Dagupan.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00055-00033973-00034091 Come to Manaog.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00056-00034091-00034283 Gali kayo.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00057-00034283-00034475 (Come here.)
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00058-00034475-00034954 We are called to Dagupan.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00059-00034954-00035434 We are called to unite.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00060-00035434-00036102 We are called to be united because Dagupan stands for that.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00061-00036102-00036407 An assembly point of mixed people.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00062-00036407-00036690 Dagupan is meeting point.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00063-00036690-00036883 Dagupan is rendezvous.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00064-00036883-00037275 Dagupan is where people come together…
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00065-00037275-00037550 to celebrate.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00066-00037550-00037849 People come together to exchange.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00067-00037849-00038280 People come together just to be together.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00068-00038280-00038790 But my dear brothers and sisters, we were called to Dagupan.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00069-00038790-00039088 We were called to unite.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00070-00039088-00039460 The Virgin called on us.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00071-00039460-00040056 But not all unity is by the Virgin.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00072-00040056-00040674 Because not all voices asking us to come together are godly.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00073-00040674-00041391 When the voice tells you - Let us come together and curse god…
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00074-00041391-00042069 When the voice tells you - Let us come together and steal their money.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00075-00042069-00042680 When the voice tells you - Let us come together and kill the sinners…
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00076-00042680-00043358 When the voice tells you - Let us come together and blaspheme the name of the mother and her
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00077-00043358-00043581 child...
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00078-00043581-00043974 That voice cannot be the mother's voice.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00079-00043974-00044341 That voice cannot be the son's voice.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00080-00044341-00044873 That voice is the serpent's voice that tempted Eve in paradise.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00081-00044873-00045515 So, my dear brothers and sisters, as we declare that we will listen to that voice.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00082-00045515-00045955 That voice in Manaoag – Gali kayo in Manaoag.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00083-00045955-00046155 (Come to Manaoag.)
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00084-00046155-00047069 I now request you, if I have to plead with you on bended knees, be careful with the voices
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00085-00047069-00047309 that you hear.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00086-00047309-00047824 Be discerning with the voices that you listen to.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00087-00047824-00047988 Be discerning.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00088-00047988-00048713 Be critical with the voices you choose to follow because some of them can fake the voice
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00089-00048713-00048896 of the Mother.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00090-00048896-00049211 Some of them can fake the voice of the son.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00091-00049211-00049806 But they are the voice of the serpent trying to deceive you, to mislead you, to lead you
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00092-00049806-00050102 away from God.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00093-00050102-00050987 After this mass, we will enthrone the Virgin of Manaog in her pedestal n Dagupan.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00094-00050987-00052247 It is our act of gratitude that on June 27 to July 22nd 1898, she stayed in Dagupan.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00095-00052247-00053293 But my dear brothers and sisters, what is the use of enthroning the Virgin whose voice
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00096-00053293-00054131 we have heard if you applaud killers?
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00097-00054131-00055097 What is the use of a throne for the Virgin who calls, when you vote for thieves?
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00098-00055097-00055811 What is the use of lighting a candle in front of the Virgin, when you choose people who
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00099-00055811-00056188 disobey the ten commandments?
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00100-00056188-00056893 What is the use of offering flowers, lighting candles, kneeling down before the image of
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00101-00056893-00057541 our Lady who calls us, when you choose blasphemers?
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00102-00057541-00057719 you choose thieves?
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00103-00057719-00057947 you choose murderers?
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00104-00057947-00058269 you choose cursors of God as leaders?
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00105-00058269-00058863 You say this is not the right time to talk about it?
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00106-00058863-00059818 When else when the throne has come down because the Virgin does not like our thrones anymore?
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00107-00059818-00060699 Because we have enthroned in our hearts killers and murderers and corrupt plunderers.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00108-00060699-00061257 The Virgin of Manaoag may be happy with the throne we have built for her.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00109-00061257-00062166 But the Virgin of Manaog would be happier if you allow her to be enthroned in your hearts,
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00110-00062166-00062872 and your hearts be pure, and your hearts be changed, to become the Heart of Jesus.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00111-00062872-00063583 Some things are important but some things are more important than the others.
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00112-00063583-00064412 Our enthronement on her pedestal is important but your enthronement of the Virgin in your
qtGkmSi7Aeg-00113-00064412-00064599 heart is the best of all.
quD-cepp9UQ-00000-00000029-00000506 there's a bit of news about a repo man
quD-cepp9UQ-00001-00000210-00000884 with a bit of a twist as we all know
quD-cepp9UQ-00002-00000506-00001146 most like people in the universe Oh Noli
quD-cepp9UQ-00003-00000884-00001575 couple got hit with a bombshell under
quD-cepp9UQ-00004-00001146-00001748 you repossess their car Jim who is a
quD-cepp9UQ-00005-00001575-00002010 co-owner of a company in Illinois
quD-cepp9UQ-00006-00001748-00002202 recovery is not averse to causing some
quD-cepp9UQ-00007-00002010-00002535 tension between him and other people
quD-cepp9UQ-00008-00002202-00002733 like most repo men indeed for over 20
quD-cepp9UQ-00009-00002535-00002766 years been working as a repo man in st.
quD-cepp9UQ-00010-00002733-00003033 Louis
quD-cepp9UQ-00011-00002766-00003311 Anna's coped with numerous upset
quD-cepp9UQ-00012-00003033-00003450 customers that you can imagine some of
quD-cepp9UQ-00013-00003311-00003722 his encounters make their shocking
quD-cepp9UQ-00014-00003450-00003939 reading we actually told Miami Herald
quD-cepp9UQ-00015-00003722-00004214 and 2:16 that people had tried to shoot
quD-cepp9UQ-00016-00003939-00004580 him numerous times and one time he saw a
quD-cepp9UQ-00017-00004214-00004662 man shoulder a rifle which just missed
quD-cepp9UQ-00018-00004580-00004889 his head by inches
quD-cepp9UQ-00019-00004662-00005196 indeed Jim tried to put in perspective
quD-cepp9UQ-00020-00004889-00005460 how close he came to death he added I
quD-cepp9UQ-00021-00005196-00005757 never saw him but I felt the flash and
quD-cepp9UQ-00022-00005460-00006192 chase of gunpowder in my mouth he also
quD-cepp9UQ-00023-00005757-00006347 told CBS News in 217 it had people try
quD-cepp9UQ-00024-00006192-00006551 and run him over with their car
quD-cepp9UQ-00025-00006347-00006747 meanwhile during the rounds
quD-cepp9UQ-00026-00006551-00007002 Jim had needed to repossess an old
quD-cepp9UQ-00027-00006747-00007163 couple's car after they had started
quD-cepp9UQ-00028-00007002-00007536 having financial difficulties however
quD-cepp9UQ-00029-00007163-00007768 what he did next was unpresentable and
quD-cepp9UQ-00030-00007536-00008034 was definitely against the repo man code
quD-cepp9UQ-00031-00007768-00008204 but for the couple concerned they could
quD-cepp9UQ-00032-00008034-00008567 believe their luck after their
quD-cepp9UQ-00033-00008204-00008838 misfortune down impact killing
quD-cepp9UQ-00034-00008567-00009042 one unfortunate couple had fallen to the
quD-cepp9UQ-00035-00008838-00009186 financial difficulty like most people do
quD-cepp9UQ-00036-00009042-00009536 when the repo man comes a knock at the
quD-cepp9UQ-00037-00009186-00009743 door a couple from Red Bull Illinois had
quD-cepp9UQ-00038-00009536-00010053 been hired by their lack of funds and
quD-cepp9UQ-00039-00009743-00010286 sudden increase in medical bills due to
quD-cepp9UQ-00040-00010053-00010584 stand for his part and enjoyed a career
quD-cepp9UQ-00041-00010286-00010872 in the Navy and also been a janitor and
quD-cepp9UQ-00042-00010584-00011199 the couple had never been well never
quD-cepp9UQ-00043-00010872-00011418 been really welcomed but money became
quD-cepp9UQ-00044-00011199-00011540 tight when Stan came down at the early
quD-cepp9UQ-00045-00011418-00011802 stage of Alzheimer's
quD-cepp9UQ-00046-00011540-00011883 many more had been spent on his medical
quD-cepp9UQ-00047-00011802-00012126 bills
quD-cepp9UQ-00048-00011883-00012354 prescription medicine as a result I fell
quD-cepp9UQ-00049-00012126-00012726 behind their payments on their 1998
quD-cepp9UQ-00050-00012354-00012951 Ewing for which they paid $95 a month
quD-cepp9UQ-00051-00012726-00013140 while the couple had never been rich
quD-cepp9UQ-00052-00012951-00013350 they'd always meant to say on top of
quD-cepp9UQ-00053-00013140-00013590 their finances and keep looking ahead
quD-cepp9UQ-00054-00013350-00014103 however this mounting financial pressure
quD-cepp9UQ-00055-00013590-00014352 had put them behind the eight-ball and
quD-cepp9UQ-00056-00014103-00014505 at least they needed was a repo Mandal
quD-cepp9UQ-00057-00014352-00014822 really the last thing that needed was a
quD-cepp9UQ-00058-00014505-00015093 repo man knocking at that door well Jim
quD-cepp9UQ-00059-00014822-00015441 however he had to do his job
quD-cepp9UQ-00060-00015093-00015660 and soon enough Dan impact the see his
quD-cepp9UQ-00061-00015441-00015891 tow truck parked outside their house
quD-cepp9UQ-00062-00015660-00016094 luckily for the couple they encountered
quD-cepp9UQ-00063-00015891-00016296 arguably one of the nicest repo men in
quD-cepp9UQ-00064-00016094-00016470 Illinois who preferred the more
quD-cepp9UQ-00065-00016296-00016809 diplomatic approach when recovering
quD-cepp9UQ-00066-00016470-00017031 debts Jim told CBS I may be getting soft
quD-cepp9UQ-00067-00016809-00017289 in my old age but you get more done with
quD-cepp9UQ-00068-00017031-00017580 kindness meanwhile a couple tried to
quD-cepp9UQ-00069-00017289-00017985 maintain a positive attitude but that
quD-cepp9UQ-00070-00017580-00018174 didn't make New Deal penniless upset the
quD-cepp9UQ-00071-00017985-00018459 car was part of the family life and
quD-cepp9UQ-00072-00018174-00018903 therefore onion dog baby love going for
quD-cepp9UQ-00073-00018459-00019248 drives that recalled her thought process
quD-cepp9UQ-00074-00018903-00019670 when Jim repossessed the vehicle telling
quD-cepp9UQ-00075-00019248-00019890 CBS when he took the car I said God do
quD-cepp9UQ-00076-00019670-00020160 whatever whatever you think is best for
quD-cepp9UQ-00077-00019890-00020495 us Pat then suggested that maybe this
quD-cepp9UQ-00078-00020160-00020777 was all meant to happen she added you
quD-cepp9UQ-00079-00020495-00020994 know God works in mysterious ways
quD-cepp9UQ-00080-00020777-00021312 but the couple had struck a chord with
quD-cepp9UQ-00081-00020994-00021567 Jim and they remained on his mind for
quD-cepp9UQ-00082-00021312-00021697 for a while after you broke repossess
quD-cepp9UQ-00083-00021567-00021999 their vehicle
quD-cepp9UQ-00084-00021697-00022348 he felt terrible and taken the car
quD-cepp9UQ-00085-00021999-00022558 considering the tough times that gone
quD-cepp9UQ-00086-00022348-00022825 through the hole Adele said to be unfair
quD-cepp9UQ-00087-00022558-00022930 to Jim and they resolved to rectify the
quD-cepp9UQ-00088-00022825-00023380 situation
quD-cepp9UQ-00089-00022930-00023746 well pacifically stand and pat remind
quD-cepp9UQ-00090-00023380-00024022 Jim of people close to his own heart the
quD-cepp9UQ-00091-00023746-00024268 all around America and grandparents I
quD-cepp9UQ-00092-00024022-00024676 saw my grandparents in them and stated
quD-cepp9UQ-00093-00024268-00024937 to CBS he had driven a bit before his
quD-cepp9UQ-00094-00024676-00025209 conscience forced him to take action and
quD-cepp9UQ-00095-00024937-00025597 healthy elderly couple he could indeed
quD-cepp9UQ-00096-00025209-00025773 once he left Stan and Pat time Jim
quD-cepp9UQ-00097-00025597-00026245 stopped his car and called the bank he
quD-cepp9UQ-00098-00025773-00026500 added I made it to the block and then I
quD-cepp9UQ-00099-00026245-00026749 pulled over I called the bank and asked
quD-cepp9UQ-00100-00026500-00026998 him if I could pay off for them pass you
quD-cepp9UQ-00101-00026749-00027373 amount but it was no good
quD-cepp9UQ-00102-00026998-00027622 they said no couldn't be done when Jim
quD-cepp9UQ-00103-00027373-00027967 got home later that day yeah and stuck
quD-cepp9UQ-00104-00027622-00028283 with you until the Chicago Sun time when
quD-cepp9UQ-00105-00027967-00028597 I got home that night I said to myself
quD-cepp9UQ-00106-00028283-00028825 there are real nice elderly couple I'm
quD-cepp9UQ-00107-00028597-00028935 going to be something I can't just take
quD-cepp9UQ-00108-00028825-00029200 the car
quD-cepp9UQ-00109-00028935-00029458 indeed Jim was becoming a reaper man
quD-cepp9UQ-00110-00029200-00029710 like no other but with the local banker
quD-cepp9UQ-00111-00029458-00030001 creasing to pay for the car and unable
quD-cepp9UQ-00112-00029710-00030252 to pay off stand and that's death its
quD-cepp9UQ-00113-00030001-00030556 insult Jim at the Flex is creative
quD-cepp9UQ-00114-00030252-00030850 muscle and think outside the box so he
quD-cepp9UQ-00115-00030556-00031051 saw them do what whatever it took to pay
quD-cepp9UQ-00116-00030850-00031308 for the couple's car and park it again
quD-cepp9UQ-00117-00031051-00031499 in their driveway where for long and see
quD-cepp9UQ-00118-00031308-00032021 a smile
quD-cepp9UQ-00119-00031499-00032369 so Jim set up a GoFundMe page the paper
quD-cepp9UQ-00120-00032021-00032636 Pat slams car the GoFundMe Facebook page
quD-cepp9UQ-00121-00032369-00032886 shed Jim's venture with a video and a
quD-cepp9UQ-00122-00032636-00033056 caption outlining his mission Jim Ford
quD-cepp9UQ-00123-00032886-00033329 is a repo man takes
quD-cepp9UQ-00124-00033056-00033521 he takes for a living but after picking
quD-cepp9UQ-00125-00033329-00033869 up patterns down to earth we decided to
quD-cepp9UQ-00126-00033521-00034127 give back Jimmy and lyta sees contacts
quD-cepp9UQ-00127-00033869-00034403 in the repo industry and gain lots of
quD-cepp9UQ-00128-00034127-00034657 traction for his page everything started
quD-cepp9UQ-00129-00034403-00034904 moving forward and slightly snowballing
quD-cepp9UQ-00130-00034657-00035174 indeed on its first night of being
quD-cepp9UQ-00131-00034904-00035471 active it raised more more money than
quD-cepp9UQ-00132-00035174-00035789 Jim would ever have wished for raising
quD-cepp9UQ-00133-00035471-00036116 over $3,500 which covered the cost of
quD-cepp9UQ-00134-00035789-00036353 the car with plenty left to spare with
quD-cepp9UQ-00135-00036116-00036527 the money raised Jim paid off the fees
quD-cepp9UQ-00136-00036353-00036866 for the service of the car and had
quD-cepp9UQ-00137-00036527-00037097 enough play paid the 2,500 that they
quD-cepp9UQ-00138-00036866-00037289 owed the bank neither all that it was
quD-cepp9UQ-00139-00037097-00037451 still plenty of money left over in super
quD-cepp9UQ-00140-00037289-00037880 popular remaining thousand dollars at
quD-cepp9UQ-00141-00037451-00038090 NIMH blood man while the following
quD-cepp9UQ-00142-00037880-00038261 Mountain raise done it ten times
quD-cepp9UQ-00143-00038090-00038449 original figure and mounting to an
quD-cepp9UQ-00144-00038261-00038762 incredible thirty five thousand dollars
quD-cepp9UQ-00145-00038449-00038945 still Pakistan had no idea about a
quD-cepp9UQ-00146-00038762-00039128 surprise waiting for it nor did they
quD-cepp9UQ-00147-00038945-00039413 have a clue about the other extras that
quD-cepp9UQ-00148-00039128-00039623 Jim had arranged for them indeed had
quD-cepp9UQ-00149-00039413-00039920 gone above and beyond to make up to take
quD-cepp9UQ-00150-00039623-00040358 him their car away with his exceeding
quD-cepp9UQ-00151-00039920-00040613 generosity but Jim's kindness didn't end
quD-cepp9UQ-00152-00040358-00040919 there with the help his friend Tom
quD-cepp9UQ-00153-00040613-00041144 Williams they fix up the headlights on
quD-cepp9UQ-00154-00040919-00041378 the car they repaired the radiator gave
quD-cepp9UQ-00155-00041144-00041633 it an oil change and a basically a good
quD-cepp9UQ-00156-00041378-00041946 scrub and clean and left the nice gift
quD-cepp9UQ-00157-00041633-00042249 on the front seat Pat and stand to enjoy
quD-cepp9UQ-00158-00041946-00042564 later that day they fix the Dueck and
quD-cepp9UQ-00159-00042249-00042786 with the frozen turkey given top hook
quD-cepp9UQ-00160-00042564-00043068 the car up to their tow truck arrived
quD-cepp9UQ-00161-00042786-00043362 the sound of Pat's house once more so
quD-cepp9UQ-00162-00043068-00043533 we're to fight a couple but also by a
quD-cepp9UQ-00163-00043362-00043851 cheering group of couples mavens
quD-cepp9UQ-00164-00043533-00044112 welcomed them indeed it was a momentous
quD-cepp9UQ-00165-00043851-00044424 moment for stand-up act the later told
quD-cepp9UQ-00166-00044112-00044672 the Miami Herald the miracle come true
quD-cepp9UQ-00167-00044424-00044910 we didn't know what we're going to do
quD-cepp9UQ-00168-00044672-00045075 don't record his joy when he found out
quD-cepp9UQ-00169-00044910-00045321 they were getting their car back he told
quD-cepp9UQ-00170-00045075-00045552 Miami Herald I got up this morning I
quD-cepp9UQ-00171-00045321-00045813 looked up at the Sun and said I hope we
quD-cepp9UQ-00172-00045552-00046053 get our car back it's just unbelievable
quD-cepp9UQ-00173-00045813-00046260 they were just overjoyed that they had
quD-cepp9UQ-00174-00046053-00046650 their Buick met but that wasn't the only
quD-cepp9UQ-00175-00046260-00046872 thing he had in store when Jim told
quD-cepp9UQ-00176-00046650-00047109 Pat's down he had sort of the
quD-cepp9UQ-00177-00046872-00047508 outstanding paint on the car they didn't
quD-cepp9UQ-00178-00047109-00047726 believe it according to CBS he broke the
quD-cepp9UQ-00179-00047508-00048126 news saying we paid off the whole car
quD-cepp9UQ-00180-00047726-00048487 you have no car payment any okay thank
quD-cepp9UQ-00181-00048126-00048772 gas replying oh my god
quD-cepp9UQ-00182-00048487-00049009 Jim then Hannah Pat the envelope with
quD-cepp9UQ-00183-00048772-00049333 their remaining money unable to find
quD-cepp9UQ-00184-00049009-00049714 words she gave him the best hope she
quD-cepp9UQ-00185-00049333-00049894 could ever over her Walker and at the
quD-cepp9UQ-00186-00049714-00050071 same time a kindly neighbor got the
quD-cepp9UQ-00187-00049894-00050364 turkey and place it on Stan of Pat's
quD-cepp9UQ-00188-00050071-00050722 porch was overwhelming to say the least
quD-cepp9UQ-00189-00050364-00050917 in a picturesque scene babysat nestled
quD-cepp9UQ-00190-00050722-00051208 the stands are packed leaned over a
quD-cepp9UQ-00191-00050917-00051550 walker flabbergasted by Jim's coins the
quD-cepp9UQ-00192-00051208-00051694 later for his part stood gleaming from
quD-cepp9UQ-00193-00051550-00051757 the happiness that he had brought to the
quD-cepp9UQ-00194-00051694-00052045 couple
quD-cepp9UQ-00195-00051757-00052297 meanwhile the Miami Herald reported Dan
quD-cepp9UQ-00196-00052045-00052467 surprised at seeing the vehicle he said
quD-cepp9UQ-00197-00052297-00052731 it looks like it's new
quD-cepp9UQ-00198-00052467-00053036 indeed Jim's incredible act of kindness
quD-cepp9UQ-00199-00052731-00053375 had made its mark on standard pack a
quD-cepp9UQ-00200-00053036-00053711 letter was later asked by CBS News about
quD-cepp9UQ-00201-00053375-00053837 how to change her up she replied there's
quD-cepp9UQ-00202-00053711-00054194 good people out there
quD-cepp9UQ-00203-00053837-00054502 he's our guardian angel she can see how
quD-cepp9UQ-00204-00054194-00054907 much effort had been put into it
quD-cepp9UQ-00205-00054502-00055258 my dad died really happy because
quD-cepp9UQ-00206-00054907-00055561 dropped off the car she observed it must
quD-cepp9UQ-00207-00055258-00055561 have claimed it up
quD-cepp9UQ-00208-00055566-00056074 that said that he considered Jim to be
quD-cepp9UQ-00209-00055807-00056140 one of the most warm-hearted people she
quD-cepp9UQ-00210-00056074-00056503 had met
quD-cepp9UQ-00211-00056140-00056782 she told CBS News he was wonderful I
quD-cepp9UQ-00212-00056503-00057064 mean he's the kindest man I've ever met
quD-cepp9UQ-00213-00056782-00057379 in all my life even the you never
quD-cepp9UQ-00214-00057064-00057574 expressed his surprise saying that it
quD-cepp9UQ-00215-00057379-00057862 was certainly mysterious that God could
quD-cepp9UQ-00216-00057574-00058183 be working through a repo man posing the
quD-cepp9UQ-00217-00057862-00058516 story the reporter for CBS News ended on
quD-cepp9UQ-00218-00058183-00058594 a touching note it served that is good
quD-cepp9UQ-00219-00058516-00058816 out there
quD-cepp9UQ-00220-00058594-00059038 there's guardian angels and sometimes we
quD-cepp9UQ-00221-00058816-00059278 find them in the most unlikely places
quD-cepp9UQ-00222-00059038-00059572 and professions because although
quD-cepp9UQ-00223-00059278-00059904 kindness is rarely a job no matter what
quD-cepp9UQ-00224-00059572-00060076 you do it's always an option the online
quD-cepp9UQ-00225-00059904-00060325 community responded well to Jim's
quD-cepp9UQ-00226-00060076-00060508 kindness to the GoFundMe Facebook page
quD-cepp9UQ-00227-00060325-00060748 shared the story and led to
quD-cepp9UQ-00228-00060508-00061024 overwhelmingly positive comments one
quD-cepp9UQ-00229-00060748-00061309 user wrote it does not matter what kind
quD-cepp9UQ-00230-00061024-00061486 of job you do at least it's nice to know
quD-cepp9UQ-00231-00061309-00061840 that some people like Jim's to have a
quD-cepp9UQ-00232-00061486-00062026 heart to go out and help others others
quD-cepp9UQ-00233-00061840-00062355 defended the bad reputation for Jim's
quD-cepp9UQ-00234-00062026-00062587 job as a repo man one user right he's
quD-cepp9UQ-00235-00062355-00062833 got a job to do it's not his fault
quD-cepp9UQ-00236-00062587-00063100 if someone doesn't pay their karma you
quD-cepp9UQ-00237-00062833-00063283 didn't have to do this for the couple we
quD-cepp9UQ-00238-00063100-00063514 did it out of the kindness of his heart
quD-cepp9UQ-00239-00063283-00063757 indeed you can't blame someone for the
quD-cepp9UQ-00240-00063514-00064009 job that they do meanwhile random acts
quD-cepp9UQ-00241-00063757-00064195 are everywhere and if you look hard
quD-cepp9UQ-00242-00064009-00064486 enough it could be something small like
quD-cepp9UQ-00243-00064195-00064660 helping someone carry heavy luggage into
quD-cepp9UQ-00244-00064486-00065035 a crowded train or onto a crowded
quD-cepp9UQ-00245-00064660-00065359 platform or into a shopping center while
quD-cepp9UQ-00246-00065035-00065589 going much further what Jim did
quD-cepp9UQ-00247-00065359-00065862 transforming someone's life
quD-cepp9UQ-00248-00065589-00066087 take the time Belson so when you're out
quD-cepp9UQ-00249-00065862-00066513 and about and you see someone struggling
quD-cepp9UQ-00250-00066087-00066774 a little bit of human kindness and give
quD-cepp9UQ-00251-00066513-00067050 them a hand no matter how big it is or
quD-cepp9UQ-00252-00066774-00067172 how small and everything that we do is
quD-cepp9UQ-00253-00067050-00067508 unconditional
quD-cepp9UQ-00254-00067172-00067716 it's always nice to help someone and
quD-cepp9UQ-00255-00067508-00067889 actually it makes sense bill not only
quD-cepp9UQ-00256-00067716-00068033 does it make you feel good but it makes
quD-cepp9UQ-00257-00067889-00068256 them feel good as well that someone
quD-cepp9UQ-00258-00068033-00068643 actually cares and ninth I didn't have
quD-cepp9UQ-00259-00068256-00068766 to that's like getting up the seat in
quD-cepp9UQ-00260-00068643-00069105 the bus for a crime
quD-cepp9UQ-00261-00068766-00069729 you know pretty nice
quD-cepp9UQ-00262-00069105-00069729 [Music]
qwuvLhM5qDk-00000-00000065-00000450 I want to spend a little bit of time talking about improving creativity.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00001-00000450-00000940 First, let's be clear that creativity is a thing you can learn and improve.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00002-00000940-00001534 Remember, there was a time when you didn't know how to do anything--you couldn't talk,
qwuvLhM5qDk-00003-00001534-00001730 walk, or write.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00004-00001730-00002077 Sure some things were easier to learn than others, but think about all the things you
qwuvLhM5qDk-00005-00002077-00002513 had to learn just to understand what I'm saying right now.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00006-00002513-00002983 The fact that we can learn new things is fascinating in and of itself and it's partly due to something
qwuvLhM5qDk-00007-00002983-00003486 called neuroplasticity--the brain's ability to reshape its pattern of activity.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00008-00003486-00003807 When you're struggling to learn something new, you're basically rewiring part of your
qwuvLhM5qDk-00009-00003807-00004174 brain to deal with the new information coming in.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00010-00004174-00004511 That struggle comes from practicing.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00011-00004511-00004752 Practice is hard.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00012-00004752-00005250 You have to push yourself, you have to pay attention to the details, and you have to
qwuvLhM5qDk-00013-00005250-00005369 get accurate feedback.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00014-00005369-00005696 And, of course, you're failing most of the time.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00015-00005696-00006098 But that failure is what's forcing your brain to rewire.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00016-00006098-00006652 Research has shown that you learn more from your mistakes than from your successes.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00017-00006652-00007070 In the design world, this looks like trying a whole bunch of approaches to a problem and
qwuvLhM5qDk-00018-00007070-00007458 then getting people to actually try and use your design.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00019-00007458-00007928 It can be totally gut wrenching to watch people fail at something that seems super-obvious
qwuvLhM5qDk-00020-00007928-00008048 to you.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00021-00008048-00008536 Yet, this is some of the most useful feedback even though it doesn't feel good to get it.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00022-00008536-00009069 This is why we have to adopt a dispassionate evaluation of own work.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00023-00009069-00009560 Professional athletes and performers of all kinds have special coaches and training to
qwuvLhM5qDk-00024-00009560-00009925 help them ride the emotional waves and to stabilize their reactions when they perform
qwuvLhM5qDk-00025-00009925-00010285 poorly--but also when they perform really well.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00026-00010285-00010415 Why both?
qwuvLhM5qDk-00027-00010415-00010771 Because if you get over-excited when you get a good result, you'll start to feel really
qwuvLhM5qDk-00028-00010771-00011167 bad if things don't turn out the way you expect.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00029-00011167-00011652 This is a type of operant conditioning in which your performance drives your emotional state.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00030-00011653-00012016 And it's really important to be able to separate the two.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00031-00012017-00012306 How you perform should not be coupled with how you feel.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00032-00012306-00012513 Didn't get the result you expected?
qwuvLhM5qDk-00033-00012513-00012731 Thank you, it's information.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00034-00012731-00012859 Had a great design review?
qwuvLhM5qDk-00035-00012859-00013106 Great, it's more information.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00036-00013106-00013471 Learning can be painful, but in the future we'll talk about a few ways you can structure
qwuvLhM5qDk-00037-00013471-00013854 your creative approach so that you can practice in a deliberate way.
qwuvLhM5qDk-00038-00013854-00014332 So, how will you deal with both positive and negative feedback to your designs?
qwuvLhM5qDk-00039-00014332-00014468 Thank you for watching.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00000-00000567-00001653 2017 saw tragedy strike Rio Ferdinand's life as he lost his mother to breast cancer over the summer - just two years after his wife died from the same disease.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00001-00001770-00003185 And taking to  on Saturday, the football star, 39, captioned a picture of him and his girlfriend Kate Wright, 26, with an emotional reflection of the difficult year - thanking Kate for bringing 'brightness' back into his life.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00002-00003302-00004208 Next to a photo of the pair in a hotel room in Dubai, he wrote: 'To say 2017 has been a tough year would be a huge understatement
qxPwB4-TaIY-00003-00004325-00005013 Some dark moments but brightness has been spread around me and mine by this one in many different forms.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00004-00005130-00006185 Scroll down for video  'Christmas being just 1 example, all the thoughtful little details that make things that much better for all of us; little throwback pic [sic].'
qxPwB4-TaIY-00005-00006302-00007209 The couple were in Dubai a week or so ago, ringing in the new year in sunnier climes after a Christmas at home in the UK with Rio's children.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00006-00007327-00008274 Last year, Kate turned her back on showbusiness and her role on The Only Way Is Essex to focus on family life with boyfriend Rio and his three children.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00007-00008391-00010113 And on New Year's Day, the reality star finally gave some insight into life with the footballer and his brood - Lorenz, 11, Tate, nine, and Tia, six, from his marriage to his late wife Rebecca, who passed away just 34 - in a heartfelt  post of her own.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00008-00010230-00010718 Kate captioned the images with the words: '2017...
qxPwB4-TaIY-00009-00010835-00011566 the hardest but most rewarding year yet! Ups & downs but I have gained 4 of the most precious people.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00010-00011683-00012359 'Happy new year everyone, I hope your year is filled with health & happiness, keep your loved ones close.'
qxPwB4-TaIY-00011-00012476-00013119 Recently, Kate was reportedly overheard telling a pal how happy the couple were together
qxPwB4-TaIY-00012-00013237-00013888 Despite having no plans to wed yet, she told a friend: 'We are so happy together
qxPwB4-TaIY-00013-00014006-00014437 It's going really well,' a source told The Sun
qxPwB4-TaIY-00014-00014554-00015016 Kate has made a huge effort to get to know Rio's children.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00015-00015133-00015844 It seems to have paid off after a source  'She was telling her friends how great everything is for her at the moment
qxPwB4-TaIY-00016-00015962-00016563 Rio's children love her 'She sees Rio as her soulmate - they have a real connection
qxPwB4-TaIY-00017-00016680-00017274 She was saying she is happy to take a backseat with work and let his family be the priority.' 
qxPwB4-TaIY-00018-00017391-00018230 Rio spoke about his relationship with the former TOWIE star for the first time in a candid interview on This Morning in October.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00019-00018347-00019191 While discussing his new book Thinking Out Loud he spoke in depth about overcoming grief and the 'positive' effect Kate has had on his life.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00020-00019308-00020252 Rio lost his wife Rebecca in 2015 following a short battle with cancer aged 34 leaving him the primary caregiver to his kids
qxPwB4-TaIY-00021-00020369-00021045 He's been training hard for his professional boxing debut, which is set to take place later this year.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00022-00021162-00022704 But former England footballer Rio Ferdinand, 39, got into a spot of trouble with his fans on Monday after posting a workout video captioned '5am workout this morning...' despite the daylight flooding the gym during the intense session
qxPwB4-TaIY-00023-00022821-00024221 Rio, who often shares his exercise progress with his combined 12m followers on  and , lifted huge weights with girlfriend, former TOWIE star Kate Wright but fans mocked the athlete for his time disparity.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00024-00024338-00025926 Scroll down for video  The footballer beefcake, who showed off his muscular physique in a grey hoodie and matching joggers, stood inside the gym complex, while beau Kate rocked an all-black ensemble outside as she dropped it low for an intense cowbell weight session.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00025-00026043-00026995 The clip, posted on his  feed at 10am on Monday morning, was ridiculed by his fans, who took to his  page to jeer the athlete to no end
qxPwB4-TaIY-00026-00027112-00028018 One wrote: 'Where are you that's so bright at 5am?', while another said: 'Even in mid-June it ay [sic] that bright at 5am
qxPwB4-TaIY-00027-00028135-00029483 Someone is telling porkies'. A third joked: 'You millionaires get daylight at 5am can you?', and another posted: 'You know you've made it when you get football stadium flood lights out your back garden'.
qxPwB4-TaIY-00028-00029600-00029858 Rio's not t
qzRAYYhyORo-00000-00000000-00000380 HỎI THÔNG TIN
qzRAYYhyORo-00001-00000394-00000724 Cô cần giúp đỡ về việc gì?
qzRAYYhyORo-00002-00000736-00001354 Tôi cần giúp đỡ về việc tìm kiếm thông tin cấp thị thực.
qzRAYYhyORo-00003-00001370-00002038 Cách nào tốt nhất để tìm kiếm thông tin cấp thị thực?
qzRAYYhyORo-00004-00002058-00002566 Bạn có thể tìm thông tin trên internet.
qzRAYYhyORo-00005-00002572-00002928 Nhưng cách tốt nhất là đến đại sứ quán
qzRAYYhyORo-00006-00002938-00003328 của đất nước bạn muốn đến.
qzRAYYhyORo-00007-00003347-00003988 Chị có biết đại sứ quán Mỹ ở đâu không?
qzRAYYhyORo-00008-00003992-00004616 Nó ở đại lộ Broadway cạnh Mcdonald.
qzRAYYhyORo-00009-00004722-00005342 Tôi muốn hỏi thứ sáu và thứ bảy mấy giờ đóng cửa?
qzRAYYhyORo-00010-00005350-00005800 Vào thứ sáu thứ bảy nhà bếp đóng cửa lúc nửa đêm
qzRAYYhyORo-00011-00005810-00006328 Và nhà hàng đóng cửa lúc 2:00
qzRAYYhyORo-00012-00006344-00006740 các ngày trong tuần nhà bếp đóng cửa lúc 10 đêm.
qzRAYYhyORo-00013-00006744-00007272 Và nhà hàng đóng cửa lúc nửa đêm.
qzRAYYhyORo-00014-00007348-00007902 Mấy giờ ngừng phục vụ đồ uống?
qzRAYYhyORo-00015-00007930-00008784 ngừng phục vụ đồ uống 10 phút trước khi đóng cửa.
qzRAYYhyORo-00016-00008800-00009192 Mấy giờ mở cửa?
qzRAYYhyORo-00017-00009200-00009700 Chúng tôi mở cửa lúc 10:00 sáng mỗi ngày.
q_TzFsgfncA-00000-00000096-00000560 seven low course do-it-yourself tips to prepare your house for sale
q_TzFsgfncA-00001-00000560-00000944 that's the topic of my next video
q_TzFsgfncA-00002-00001336-00001727 low-cost tips to get your house ready for sale that's the topic of today's
q_TzFsgfncA-00003-00001727-00002000 video hello everybody my name is Mark Schreier
q_TzFsgfncA-00004-00002000-00002327 and i'm a licensed real estate agent right here on long island
q_TzFsgfncA-00005-00002327-00002688 if you're looking to get your house ready for sale but you don't want to
q_TzFsgfncA-00006-00002688-00003111 spend too much money and at the same time increase the marketability
q_TzFsgfncA-00007-00003111-00003471 and bottom line sales price then this video is for you
q_TzFsgfncA-00008-00003471-00003832 i'm gonna share with you tips that will get the job done
q_TzFsgfncA-00009-00003832-00004207 and not take too much of a hit to your pocket that's right
q_TzFsgfncA-00010-00004207-00004760 seven tips seven tips that you can do doesn't take too much effort doesn't
q_TzFsgfncA-00011-00004760-00005248 take a lot of um handyman skills as well so let's get
q_TzFsgfncA-00012-00005248-00005536 started oh and by the way if you're new to my channel
q_TzFsgfncA-00013-00005536-00005871 don't forget to subscribe and hit the bell for notifications
q_TzFsgfncA-00014-00005871-00006312 and let's start with tip number one first thing you need to do they always
q_TzFsgfncA-00015-00006312-00006536 say curb appeal is the biggest thing when it
q_TzFsgfncA-00016-00006536-00006936 comes to selling a house you only get one chance to impress that
q_TzFsgfncA-00017-00006936-00007368 buyer that comes to the door or these days to impress the buyer
q_TzFsgfncA-00018-00007368-00007672 online before they even come to the door is
q_TzFsgfncA-00019-00007672-00008120 much more important in the day of virtual open houses so
q_TzFsgfncA-00020-00008120-00008528 curb appeal what can you do that doesn't cost too much money
q_TzFsgfncA-00021-00008528-00008936 but gets that job done well the first thing is clean up your yard
q_TzFsgfncA-00022-00008936-00009415 if you have a lot of weeds and weeds growing out of the um
q_TzFsgfncA-00023-00009415-00009768 you know in between the cement slabs clean them out
q_TzFsgfncA-00024-00009768-00010160 if you have some shrubs or if you don't have shrubs
q_TzFsgfncA-00025-00010160-00010472 get some low-carb shrubs from some of the
q_TzFsgfncA-00026-00010472-00011015 local home gardening centers and put a little landscaping even if you
q_TzFsgfncA-00027-00011015-00011311 put them in pots and put them around the property you
q_TzFsgfncA-00028-00011311-00011736 want to basically make the house look as nice as possible
q_TzFsgfncA-00029-00011736-00012224 so curb appeal gardening is a big thing if your lawn
q_TzFsgfncA-00030-00012224-00012704 hasn't been cut cut it if you uh your the bushes that you have around your
q_TzFsgfncA-00031-00012704-00013095 property or growing wild maybe hire a landscaper to do a spring
q_TzFsgfncA-00032-00013095-00013480 or cleanup just to get the house ready to show well
q_TzFsgfncA-00033-00013480-00013904 because like they said you only get one chance for that first impression
q_TzFsgfncA-00034-00013904-00014416 number two and this is so very important and so many people don't even
q_TzFsgfncA-00035-00014416-00014752 think of it clear the clutter well what do i mean by
q_TzFsgfncA-00036-00014752-00015159 that everybody knows what clutter is all that stuff that you have all over
q_TzFsgfncA-00037-00015159-00015568 your desk all over the kitchen all over the bathroom that's just been
q_TzFsgfncA-00038-00015568-00015904 laying there and when you get around to it you're gonna go throw it out and
q_TzFsgfncA-00039-00015904-00016216 clean it up all that stuff needs to be removed
q_TzFsgfncA-00040-00016216-00016551 because remember you are selling your house to a
q_TzFsgfncA-00041-00016551-00016904 potential buyer if they come into your property and it
q_TzFsgfncA-00042-00016904-00017240 looks cluttered you're going to turn them off right away
q_TzFsgfncA-00043-00017240-00017759 and you don't want to do that so clear the clutter very important tip
q_TzFsgfncA-00044-00017759-00018128 number two tip number three home repairs you know
q_TzFsgfncA-00045-00018128-00018376 that broken door handle that you've been
q_TzFsgfncA-00046-00018376-00018744 waiting for months and months and when you get around to it
q_TzFsgfncA-00047-00018744-00019095 if it's on the honey-do list or you're gonna call the home repair
q_TzFsgfncA-00048-00019095-00019528 a handy person and you just haven't gotten around to do it
q_TzFsgfncA-00049-00019528-00019856 do it those little home repairs can really
q_TzFsgfncA-00050-00019856-00020248 turn somebody off a lot of people have difficulty
q_TzFsgfncA-00051-00020248-00020656 looking beyond the broken doorknob and they see a broken doorknob
q_TzFsgfncA-00052-00020656-00021120 and automatically this house is not for them because they can't see past it
q_TzFsgfncA-00053-00021120-00021495 that was tip number three tip number four
q_TzFsgfncA-00054-00021495-00021864 very important again you're selling a house that you've lived in
q_TzFsgfncA-00055-00021864-00022279 you want people to think picture themselves living in the house and
q_TzFsgfncA-00056-00022279-00022823 making that house theirs so clean clean clean everything in that
q_TzFsgfncA-00057-00022823-00023184 house needs to be as clean as possible the last thing somebody
q_TzFsgfncA-00058-00023184-00023576 wants to do is walk into a dirty house particularly
q_TzFsgfncA-00059-00023576-00024120 now with this pandemic that's going on if they see dirt they're going to get
q_TzFsgfncA-00060-00024120-00024615 turned off from the house so make sure you clean it if you're not
q_TzFsgfncA-00061-00024615-00024992 good with that hire a professional cleaning service and
q_TzFsgfncA-00062-00024992-00025376 have them go through every single room including the basement
q_TzFsgfncA-00063-00025376-00025816 and the garage and the backyard also and make the house
q_TzFsgfncA-00064-00025816-00026200 as clean as possible if you have siding on the property power
q_TzFsgfncA-00065-00026200-00026495 wash if it looks dirty you'll be surprised
q_TzFsgfncA-00066-00026495-00026872 how a good power washing on a deck on
q_TzFsgfncA-00067-00026872-00027480 even the bricks or pavers can really give a very positive first impression
q_TzFsgfncA-00068-00027480-00027704 and all-around impression of your property
q_TzFsgfncA-00069-00027704-00028295 so clean the inside clean the outside clean the windows that's tip number four
q_TzFsgfncA-00070-00028295-00028688 tip number five the house could be spotless the curb
q_TzFsgfncA-00071-00028688-00029016 appeal can be great but if all of a sudden you walk in that
q_TzFsgfncA-00072-00029016-00029600 house and oh my god i just made this great shrimp scampi the night before
q_TzFsgfncA-00073-00029600-00030056 and the house smells like shrimp scampi well when the buyer comes in
q_TzFsgfncA-00074-00030056-00030536 they might not like shrimp scampi so you have to make sure it has a
q_TzFsgfncA-00075-00030536-00031063 neutral or no order whatsoever a good trip there a good trick they
q_TzFsgfncA-00076-00031063-00031488 always say real estate is to um bake some chocolate chip cookies
q_TzFsgfncA-00077-00031488-00031816 everybody loves homemade chocolate chip cookies
q_TzFsgfncA-00078-00031816-00032263 and i don't mean like the candle i mean bake the cookies have them out on the
q_TzFsgfncA-00079-00032263-00032703 counter and that particular that that good smell
q_TzFsgfncA-00080-00032703-00033088 in the house is actually a positive and it can offset
q_TzFsgfncA-00081-00033088-00033496 the bad odors but definitely open the windows try to get
q_TzFsgfncA-00082-00033496-00033824 those odors out turn up some air purification you know if you have an air
q_TzFsgfncA-00083-00033824-00034103 filter or something like that that purifies the air
q_TzFsgfncA-00084-00034103-00034424 then bake those cookies if you don't have the cookies
q_TzFsgfncA-00085-00034424-00034968 light a candle uh but get those ugly odors out of the property it is
q_TzFsgfncA-00086-00034968-00035424 definitely a turn off to a lot of people unless they like shrimp scampi but i
q_TzFsgfncA-00087-00035424-00035784 don't know about 9 10 11 a.m in the morning that could be a
q_TzFsgfncA-00088-00035784-00036216 turn off de-personalize yes those pictures on the
q_TzFsgfncA-00089-00036216-00036752 walls of all the family events not a positive remember you have to
q_TzFsgfncA-00090-00036752-00037336 think as a potential buyer you go into a property and you see
q_TzFsgfncA-00091-00037336-00037768 their family on the walls they're thinking that this is your house and
q_TzFsgfncA-00092-00037768-00038175 even though they know it's your house they're trying to see the house is
q_TzFsgfncA-00093-00038175-00038544 theirs and if they can't get past that because you have all your
q_TzFsgfncA-00094-00038544-00038975 family stamps pictures all over the walls that's not a
q_TzFsgfncA-00095-00038975-00039384 positive okay to have one or two pictures
q_TzFsgfncA-00096-00039384-00040003 but to have a whole gamut of pictures all over the place not a good thing so
q_TzFsgfncA-00097-00040003-00040536 de-personalize your house and get all those pictures off the walls and
q_TzFsgfncA-00098-00040536-00040872 with that being said a lot of times if you get all those
q_TzFsgfncA-00099-00040872-00041272 pictures off the walls you start noticing that the paint has
q_TzFsgfncA-00100-00041272-00041544 faded around the pictures and when you take
q_TzFsgfncA-00101-00041544-00041863 the pictures off oh that's what my paint color look like
q_TzFsgfncA-00102-00041863-00042328 so paint where needed and that might mean go through a whole room if you had
q_TzFsgfncA-00103-00042328-00042768 a lot of pictures in the living room and you take those pictures off and it
q_TzFsgfncA-00104-00042768-00043063 looks like spots everywhere that's not a positive
q_TzFsgfncA-00105-00043063-00043488 get a neutral color paint if you're handy enough to paint yourself
q_TzFsgfncA-00106-00043488-00043856 paint that living room or family room a neutral color
q_TzFsgfncA-00107-00043856-00044208 if you have uh areas where you've you know taken pictures off
q_TzFsgfncA-00108-00044208-00044640 and you need to do a little spackle do that there's tons of youtube videos on
q_TzFsgfncA-00109-00044640-00045016 how to do that properly if you're not that good hire a local
q_TzFsgfncA-00110-00045016-00045384 handy person to come in and take care of all those minor
q_TzFsgfncA-00111-00045384-00045856 painting needs now do you have to paint the whole interior of the house
q_TzFsgfncA-00112-00045856-00046344 i'd say no but if you want to that's a plus particularly if it's a lot
q_TzFsgfncA-00113-00046344-00046808 of really strong colors that turn people off you want to make
q_TzFsgfncA-00114-00046808-00047256 neutral colors like beiges and whites off and again remember some people can't
q_TzFsgfncA-00115-00047256-00047631 see past the minor things in the house and you
q_TzFsgfncA-00116-00047631-00048136 don't want to reduce your buyer pull so make sure that you touch it where
q_TzFsgfncA-00117-00048136-00048528 needed hire a professional painter a handyman if you
q_TzFsgfncA-00118-00048528-00048936 want to go the extra mile and get those things taken care of so
q_TzFsgfncA-00119-00048936-00049359 number seven the last one like i mentioned is
q_TzFsgfncA-00120-00049359-00049896 painting the house so let's re let's go through the seven real quick
q_TzFsgfncA-00121-00049896-00050247 you want to get your house ready for sale you want to do it yourself or low
q_TzFsgfncA-00122-00050247-00050647 cost what can you do number one curb appeal
q_TzFsgfncA-00123-00050647-00051063 number two clear the clutter three make the minor repairs
q_TzFsgfncA-00124-00051063-00051615 four clean clean claim five pleasant house smells you wanna get rid
q_TzFsgfncA-00125-00051615-00052088 of those bad odors in the house six is depersonalized all the pictures
q_TzFsgfncA-00126-00052088-00052544 we've mentioned seven is paint where needed now i hope
q_TzFsgfncA-00127-00052544-00052879 these help i hope they were helpful uh if
q_TzFsgfncA-00128-00052879-00053224 you're new to the channel again my name is mark schreier if you enjoyed the
q_TzFsgfncA-00129-00053224-00053655 video please give me a thumbs up i am a realtor with century 21 american
q_TzFsgfncA-00130-00053655-00054055 homes and for those people who would like this
q_TzFsgfncA-00131-00054055-00054439 video in an actual ebook please leave a comment
q_TzFsgfncA-00132-00054439-00054976 or better yet instant message me your contact information your email your
q_TzFsgfncA-00133-00054976-00055279 phone number and i will send you out this free ebook
q_TzFsgfncA-00134-00055279-00055744 no course that's the word free if you're more comfortable clicking the link on
q_TzFsgfncA-00135-00055744-00056016 the bottom click the link it will take you to
q_TzFsgfncA-00136-00056016-00056416 another page just fill out the information and you will get a free
q_TzFsgfncA-00137-00056416-00056736 ebook with the seven do-it-yourself tips to
q_TzFsgfncA-00138-00056736-00057167 get your house ready for sale i hope this video was helpful this is
q_TzFsgfncA-00139-00057167-00057424 Mark Schreier from Century 21 American Homes
q_TzFsgfncA-00140-00057424-00058695 and i will see you on the next video thanks for watching
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00000-00000000-00000200 Fort Vasota 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00001-00000200-00001024 A fort which is situated on the top of the hill
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00002-00001024-00001224 is the hill fort
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00003-00001224-00001711 then fort in the deep forest
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00004-00001711-00001911 the fort which is situated in water
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00005-00001911-00002463 so here when we are talking about Vasota
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00006-00002463-00002738 Vasota belong to all these categories 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00007-00002738-00002883 It is on the top of a hill... yes
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00008-00002883-00003296 It is in the dense forest .... the answer is yes
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00009-00003296-00003845 And lastly, we require a water journey to reach this fort .... the answer 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00010-00003845-00004293 From one side, if you are going then water journey is required,  
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00011-00004293-00004887 So it is a fantastic fort. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00012-00004887-00005560 We have to take permission from the forest department because it is in the tiger project
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00013-00005560-00008003 Risk factors 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00014-00008003-00008203 Presence of tigers, leopards, bison, bear, variety of snakes, scorpion, leaches...
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00015-00008203-00008534 wild animal we observe at this place
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00016-00008534-00009185 It is on the bank of Koyana backwater
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00017-00009185-00010152 As well as it is situated on the main range of Sahyadri mountain ranges. That is the Western ghat
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00018-00010152-00010813 Towards one side we are observing deep valleys of 1000 meters 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00019-00010813-00011611 ... on other side 400m deep valley of Koyana backwater. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00020-00011611-00012013 And everywhere we can observe the dense forest
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00021-00012013-00012965 The nearest city is Satara
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00022-00012965-00014166 which is a district place. We can travel to Satara by train, by road .... by State transport bus,
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00023-00014166-00014929 From Satara, we have to travel to a small town or rather a village that is Bamnoli. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00024-00014929-00015563 Very very beautiful place
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00025-00015563-00015897 on the bank of Koyana backwater
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00026-00015897-00016436 where the office of forest department is there. We have to take permission from that office. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00027-00016436-00016982 Then start the journey. Manage in such a way that ...
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00028-00016982-00017390 8 am you should be there at Bamnoli
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00029-00017390-00018071 Then you can start your journey around 9am. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00030-00018071-00018501 1 and 1/2 hour pleasant journey is there through the water.
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00031-00018501-00018981 That is Koyana backwater.
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00032-00018981-00019454 Then we are reaching to the base part of Vasota fort.
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00033-00019454-00019811 Where another check-post of the forest department is there. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00034-00019811-00020556 Weapon, matchbox, or cigarette lighter is not allowed. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00035-00020556-00021200 After checking your bags then we are going to the fort
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00036-00021200-00021642 We have to climb nearly 400 m
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00037-00021642-00022390 The actual altitude is 1100 m
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00038-00022390-00023149 But we are climbing from the plateau region. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00039-00023149-00024396 Nice road ... not tar road but through the dense forest is available. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00040-00024396-00025384 The forest is very very dense. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00041-00025384-00026543 After climbing a certain hight, we are coming to an exposed land 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00042-00026543-00027617 Now the forest is not there
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00043-00027617-00027915 We are in the range of the fort 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00044-00027915-00028115 We have to climb through a simple road. No rock patch to climb
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00045-00028115-00029205 Then we have an entry on the fort. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00046-00029205-00029768 The fort now is in the ruined form 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00047-00029768-00030978 When General Prother on behalf of the British East India Company, conquered  this fort, they destroyed everything on the fort except temples 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00048-00030978-00031898 other than that only remains observed all over the fort. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00049-00031898-00033468 Water tanks and two temples are there. One lord Hanuman temple but without a roof.
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00050-00033468-00034654 Lord Shiva temple is having a roof also. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00051-00034654-00035433 Just besides this temple, there is a small plateau 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00052-00035433-00035800 This is called the Place of Kalkaaee.  A Goddess. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00053-00035800-00036720 Which is exactly on the edge of the mountain 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00054-00036720-00037315 Towards the left side 1000 m, deep valley is present. Towards the right side, a 400 m deep valley is present. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00055-00037315-00038857 Now
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00056-00038857-00038945 At the southern end of Vasota fort, 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00057-00038945-00039145 You can observe a high hill, even higher than Vasota. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00058-00039145-00039680 That is called as higher Vasota. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00059-00039680-00040441 This old Vasota, a sharp edge is present on the western side
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00060-00040441-00040641 That is called as 'Babukada' or 'Babu Khaad'
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00061-00040641-00041437 This is a fantastic deep straightway fall down 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00062-00041437-00041735 At some level, it is overhang also. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00063-00041735-00042041 Very nice place to visit.
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00064-00042041-00043002 From the place of Kalkai, you can observe two pinnacles, the second one is called as Nageshwar, a Cave temple of Lord Shiva. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00065-00043002-00044422 At 'Mahashivaraatree', that is the festival of Lord Shiva...
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00066-00044422-00045099 people are gathering over there over the night also. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00067-00045099-00046030 Freshwater is available just beside the pinnacle. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00068-00046030-00047056 On 'Shivaling' water is dripping out throughout the year. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00069-00047056-00048860 One can go through a village Choravane in Ratnagiri district to visit Nageshwar. Steep climbing is required. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00070-00048860-00049325 Nearly 1000 m to reach to Nageshwar. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00071-00049325-00050792 Why to visit such places?
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00072-00050792-00052149 You can observe animals
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00074-00056901-00057101 variety of trees like jackfruit .. The historical importance of this fort. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00075-00057101-00058053 Sea pirates were...
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00076-00058053-00058629 imprisoned here. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00077-00058629-00059985 The Treasury of the empire was also stored here. 
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00078-00059985-00060829 Find out any single coin is waiting for you....
qBEqRsPI8Rg-00079-00060829-00061556 So I recommend you to visit this fort. 
qDLq7o1wMJk-00000-00000430-00000836 A filtering system for Internet uploads doesn’t sound that bad.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00001-00000856-00001114 It’s for safety, not censorship, right?
qDLq7o1wMJk-00002-00001160-00001486 Here’s a glimpse at how well it works now.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00003-00001612-00002002 Samsung used filters like these to take down videos they didn’t like,
qDLq7o1wMJk-00004-00002039-00002240 which were mocking their exploding phones.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00005-00002380-00003096 A video of a purring cat was deemed “piracy” of a song owned not by one, but two record labels.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00006-00003152-00003584 Yes, Mr. Whiskers, you’ll be getting that platinum record in the mail real soon!
qDLq7o1wMJk-00007-00003661-00004182 An anti-piracy firm took down an entire list of videos with the word “Pixels” in the title
qDLq7o1wMJk-00008-00004204-00004586 just to protect their movie “Pixels”, a failed attempt at a blockbuster.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00009-00004838-00005214 Fox censored video game footage from an old 1980s game,
qDLq7o1wMJk-00010-00005240-00005650 after Family Guy used a clip from that very same video in an episode.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00011-00005850-00006388 A Harvard lecture on copyright problems was taken down because of copyright problems.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00012-00006786-00006986 These things happen all the time.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00013-00007004-00007308 We only hear about them when people fight back.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00014-00007308-00007956 But most creators don’t have the know-how and can easily be intimidated with a lawyer’s letter.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00015-00007988-00008272 The easiest way to remove something from the internet now
qDLq7o1wMJk-00016-00008296-00008586 is to accuse a creator of infringing copyright.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00017-00008690-00009120 Copyright law has specific checks and balances that grant you the freedom
qDLq7o1wMJk-00018-00009120-00009706 to remix, document, parody, critique or reference a work without anyone’s permission.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00019-00009748-00010148 But automated filters often ignore the law, in order to enforce it.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00020-00010304-00010810 Film critics regularly have their negative reviews burried through copyright takedowns.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00021-00010882-00011378 Political speech gets censored when it criticizes politicians or news outlets.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00022-00011418-00011946 Musicians get extorted by people who claim ownership over music that’s not theirs.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00023-00012014-00012644 Institutions and bloggers are sued in order to silence criticism and to have information concealed.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00024-00012704-00013118 Copyright is also used to keep mistakes or embarrassments out of the public eye,
qDLq7o1wMJk-00025-00013154-00013576 by companies, to silence researchers that try to unmask them,
qDLq7o1wMJk-00026-00013632-00013972 and even famous speeches about freedom are being taken down.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00027-00014290-00014760 There are no rules in place for abusers and there are no automated robots
qDLq7o1wMJk-00028-00014786-00015119 who can distinguish between legal and illegal uses.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00029-00015204-00015818 Even complaints from trusted sources have a 99,95% probability they’re not even real.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00030-00015932-00016552 An upload filter with an extreme view on ownership will only stifle creativity and innovation.
qDLq7o1wMJk-00031-00016684-00017028 Are you sure you’re ready for this brave, new Internet?
qF_1xnxAWG0-00000-00000003-00000445 [inaudible] flashlight background unlock one
qF_1xnxAWG0-00001-00000445-00000772 dimmed button dimmed button
qF_1xnxAWG0-00002-00000772-00001119 White Star hi button Verizon official site
qF_1xnxAWG0-00003-00001119-00001504 Plus one Kalika way to make PNT ads by Google
qF_1xnxAWG0-00004-00001504-00001873 mobile about background dimmed
qF_1xnxAWG0-00005-00001873-00002357 button background dimmed background dimmed
qF_1xnxAWG0-00006-00002357-00002759 background
qF_1xnxAWG0-00007-00002759-00002803 dimmed
qGCIM8CJjOo-00000-00001000-00001500 Hello friends. On behalf of CDEEP, IIT Bombay, I welcome you to this Tutorial.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00001-00001600-00002100 This tutorial will help you master CamStudio through a step-by-step process
qGCIM8CJjOo-00002-00002200-00002700 Learning is more effective when animation and narrations are presented simultaneously.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00003-00002800-00003200 Audio-video demonstrations can illustrate features with maximum clarity.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00004-00003300-00004200 CamStudio is a screen-recording software, that records all activities which you see on your computer screen and allows you to play them back later on.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00005-00004300-00004400 Which means that you can use CamStudio to -
qGCIM8CJjOo-00006-00004500-00004700 demonstrate features of a new software
qGCIM8CJjOo-00007-00004800-00005100 create audio-video tutorials for schools and colleges
qGCIM8CJjOo-00008-00005200-00005400 create video movies used in user trainings
qGCIM8CJjOo-00009-00005500-00005600 show how to perform an activity
qGCIM8CJjOo-00010-00005700-00006000 convert AVI files to Flash (SWF) files and many other uses.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00011-00006100-00006400 The uses of this little known software are limitless.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00012-00006500-00007400 CamStudio can be used with Microsoft Windows 95, 98, Me, NT 4.0, 2000 or XP versions
qGCIM8CJjOo-00013-00007500-00008400 All you need is a 400 MHz processor, 64 MB of RAM and 4 MB of hard-disk space for program installation.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00014-00008500-00009500 Camstudio is an open source software and can be downloaded free of cost from the internet. Go to the site www.camstudio.org.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00015-00009600-00010100 This will open the CamStudio website. Scroll down and click on the link to download.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00016-00010200-00010600 Follow the instructions and you will have downloaded CamStudio on your PC.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00017-00010700-00011500 Once you have installed CamStudio, double-click on the icon to run it. This will open the CamStudio dialog box.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00018-00011600-00012500 You will see the Main Menu right at the top of the window. Under File, you have the option to Record, Stop, Pause and Exit
qGCIM8CJjOo-00019-00012600-00013600 You will find the corresponding buttons in the dialog box as well -the Red button to record, the Grey button to pause and the Blue button to stop the recording.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00020-00013700-00014600 It is recommended that you set the capture region before recording by defining the area of capture. Under Region, there are 3 capture options.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00021-00014700-00015500 If you select Region and click on Record, then you can draw a rectangular region on your screen within which the capturing will occur
qGCIM8CJjOo-00022-00015600-00016400 If you select Fixed Region, then you can specify the capture region in pixels.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00023-00016500-00016800 If you select Full Screen, then the entire screen will be captured.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00024-00016900-00017300 The Enable Autopan feature is a unique feature of CamStudio.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00025-00017400-00018000 If this option is selected, the capture region will follow the cursor wherever it goes during recording.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00026-00018100-00018700 This has the effect of making the screen capture to occur at the region with the most action.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00027-00018800-00019300 You can also set the speed of panning here.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00028-00019400-00020200 Under Options, you have Video Options where you can select a compressor for the recording so that the video file size is small.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00029-00020300-00020600 By default the compressor is Microsoft Video 1.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00030-00020700-00021200 But you are free to choose any of the compressors or codecs given in the drop down box here.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00031-00021300-00021800 Alternately, you can even download the codecs from the internet depending on your requirement
qGCIM8CJjOo-00032-00021900-00022800 Setting the video options allows you to optimize your video recordings by choosing between the file size, quality and frame rates of your video files.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00033-00022900-00023600 To set the values for Key Frames, Capture Frames and the Playback Rate, first uncheck the Auto Adjust button.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00034-00023700-00025500 Now, you can set the values according to your requirement. To record this tutorial, I have used Microsoft Video 1 as the compressor with Key Frames set to 5, Capture Frames set to 200 and Playback Rate set to 5. I have reduced the quality to 50.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00035-00025600-00026600 By trial and error and various permutations and combinations, I have personally found these values suitable in terms of output quality and file size.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00036-00026700-00027500 Setting cursor options can help focus on the activity you are recording by drawing attention to the area where the action happens.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00037-00027600-00028600 Under Options, click on Cursor Options, in which you have the choice to either hide or show the cursor. By default Show Cursor is checked.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00038-00028700-00030300 There are 3 choices of cursors here – the actual cursor, the custom cursor (you can select from the drop-down box here) or you can load the cursor from the cursors folder present on your computer.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00039-00030400-00030900 Next, you can highlight the area around the cursor by checking this box
qGCIM8CJjOo-00040-00031000-00031800 You can set the size, the shape and the colour of the highlight. Click on OK.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00041-00031900-00033700 You will not see any change in your cursor but the recorded video will have a custom, highlighted cursor. Let me demonstrate this for you.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00042-00033800-00034900 By default, CamStudio does not record audio. You can record audio from the microphone – a very powerful feature to make audio-video tutorials – by checking this option.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00043-00035000-00035400 You will need a sound card with an attached microphone to use this option.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00044-00035500-00036000 You can also record audio from the speakers attached to your computer by checking this option.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00045-00036100-00036600 There are other options like Program Options which have these sub-options.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00046-00036700-00037300 Use these options to customize the way  CamStudio behaves, when it starts or stops recording.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00047-00037400-00037700 Ideally check the option to Minimize program on Start Recording.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00048-00037800-00038500 This will minimize CamStudio onto the system tray which is at the bottom Righthand Corner of the screen.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00049-00038600-00039000 Right now, you will see 2 CamStudio icons on the system tray.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00050-00039100-00039500 That’s because I myself am recording this tutorial using CamStudio
qGCIM8CJjOo-00051-00039600-00039900 Record to Flash Options, has these sub-options.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00052-00040000-00040600 Keyboard Shortcuts is where you can set the HOT KEYS for record, pause, stop and the rest.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00053-00040700-00040900 You are free to choose any of these.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00054-00041000-00041400 So I hope I have given you sufficient information to get you started on CamStudio.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00055-00041500-00042100 Use this software to make audio-video tutorials and online visual learning modules of your own.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00056-00042200-00042900 Once you have mastered the basics of CamStudio, you may want to watch the next edition on its Advanced Features.
qGCIM8CJjOo-00057-00043000-00043500 Till then, this is Nancy from CDEEP, IIT Bombay, signing off. Thank you for watching.
qIXZVmondv4-00000-00000000-00001697 [upbeat music]
qLncN-3JpD4-00000-00000120-00000303 KATHY YELICK: So why study computer science?
qLncN-3JpD4-00001-00000303-00000408 This is not a voting one.
qLncN-3JpD4-00002-00000408-00000720 This is just because computer science can help us solve important problems.
qLncN-3JpD4-00003-00000720-00001050 Hopefully, I gave you some ideas of how we can solve important problems
qLncN-3JpD4-00004-00001050-00001361 with computer science.
qLncN-3JpD4-00005-00001361-00001568 The second reason to study computer science
qLncN-3JpD4-00006-00001568-00001852 is because computer programming is fun, and there are still
qLncN-3JpD4-00007-00001852-00002022 a lot of new problems to solve.
qLncN-3JpD4-00008-00002022-00002383 So you may think that computer science kind of an established old career
qLncN-3JpD4-00009-00002383-00002433 by now.
qLncN-3JpD4-00010-00002433-00002634 We haven't really figured out all those computer science problems,
qLncN-3JpD4-00011-00002634-00002769 and there's nothing left to do.
qLncN-3JpD4-00012-00002769-00003045 So let me talk a little bit about some of the really cool problems
qLncN-3JpD4-00013-00003045-00003117 in computing.
qLncN-3JpD4-00014-00003117-00003457 I'm going to give you-- I was at this meeting that I mentioned before.
qLncN-3JpD4-00015-00003457-00003723 And I want to talk about a couple of sort of major breakthroughs
qLncN-3JpD4-00016-00003723-00004028 in computing and think about what this means about computing performance.
qLncN-3JpD4-00017-00004028-00004269 Because that slide was really about computing performance.
qLncN-3JpD4-00018-00004269-00004778 So Janet Wang, who used to be the head of the computer science program at NSF,
qLncN-3JpD4-00019-00004778-00005080 is now on the faculty at CMU, where she's been,
qLncN-3JpD4-00020-00005080-00005285 she gave a talk at the beginning of this meeting,
qLncN-3JpD4-00021-00005285-00005514 talking about how do we use computing today.
qLncN-3JpD4-00022-00005514-00005751 So you wake up in the morning, and the first thing you do
qLncN-3JpD4-00023-00005751-00006040 is you use your iPhone before you even get out of bed.
qLncN-3JpD4-00024-00006040-00006173 And I said no way.
qLncN-3JpD4-00025-00006173-00006616 And then, I looked using Google, and it turns out they've done a study.
qLncN-3JpD4-00026-00006616-00006876 And it says that 30% of people use their iPhone in the morning
qLncN-3JpD4-00027-00006876-00007033 before they ever get out of bed.
qLncN-3JpD4-00028-00007033-00007082 OK.
qLncN-3JpD4-00029-00007082-00007370 So there you are with your iPhone, looking at something,
qLncN-3JpD4-00030-00007370-00007500 maybe searching Google.
qLncN-3JpD4-00031-00007500-00007767 So the next thing you do-- this is what I do when I'm on travel.
qLncN-3JpD4-00032-00007767-00007945 I got my iPhone there for my alarm clock,
qLncN-3JpD4-00033-00007945-00008154 and I look to say, where is the closest Starbucks,
qLncN-3JpD4-00034-00008154-00008378 so that I can go get some coffee.
qLncN-3JpD4-00035-00008378-00008644 So these are called black swans, because they
qLncN-3JpD4-00036-00008644-00009129 were unanticipated things in computer science that change the field
qLncN-3JpD4-00037-00009129-00009221 and changed the world.
qLncN-3JpD4-00038-00009221-00009513 We did not know that iPhones we're going to exist
qLncN-3JpD4-00039-00009513-00010090 or that Google was going to exist, if you roll back 20 years ago.
qLncN-3JpD4-00040-00010090-00010467 So how important was all this stuff about Moore's law and computing
qLncN-3JpD4-00041-00010467-00010672 performance and those kinds of black swans?
qLncN-3JpD4-00042-00010672-00010969 Well, if you go back 20 years into 1992, and you say
qLncN-3JpD4-00043-00010969-00011157 everybody came up with all these great ideas.
qLncN-3JpD4-00044-00011157-00011327 They had all the ideas behind the iPhone.
qLncN-3JpD4-00045-00011327-00011495 They had all the ideas behind Google.
qLncN-3JpD4-00046-00011495-00011550 What happens?
qLncN-3JpD4-00047-00011550-00011922 Well, your iPhone is-- that's actually a computer that was at NERSC at the time.
qLncN-3JpD4-00048-00011922-00012058 NERSC was located at Livermore.
qLncN-3JpD4-00049-00012058-00012271 It's a Cray Y-MP.
qLncN-3JpD4-00050-00012271-00012591 It was their new scaled-down model, a supercomputer from Cray.
qLncN-3JpD4-00051-00012591-00012875 And weighed only a couple of tons.
qLncN-3JpD4-00052-00012875-00013181 And so you've now got a couple of tons sitting on your bed with you
qLncN-3JpD4-00053-00013181-00013400 when you wake up to access your iPhone.
qLncN-3JpD4-00054-00013400-00013522 You go to Google.
qLncN-3JpD4-00055-00013522-00013628 So how does Google work?
qLncN-3JpD4-00056-00013628-00014016 Well, Google's data centers today use about 20 megawatts of power.
qLncN-3JpD4-00057-00014016-00014459 But back in 1992, they would use at least 20 gigawatts of power.
qLncN-3JpD4-00058-00014459-00014794 So now Google-- we all know this-- Google's a green company.
qLncN-3JpD4-00059-00014794-00014924 They really want to push green.
qLncN-3JpD4-00060-00014924-00015191 So where can you get 20 gigawatts of power?
qLncN-3JpD4-00061-00015191-00015519 Anybody know where you can get 20 gigawatts of green power?
qLncN-3JpD4-00062-00015519-00015661 Water.
qLncN-3JpD4-00063-00015661-00015727 Water.
qLncN-3JpD4-00064-00015727-00015900 But who knows where that is?
qLncN-3JpD4-00065-00015900-00016342 Where are you going to go to get a hydro gigawatt power plant?
qLncN-3JpD4-00066-00016342-00016430 China, somebody said.
qLncN-3JpD4-00067-00016430-00016484 That's right.
qLncN-3JpD4-00068-00016484-00016646 Three Gorges Dam in China.
qLncN-3JpD4-00069-00016646-00016889 So now you got no network by the way that
qLncN-3JpD4-00070-00016889-00017177 can get you with high speed to Google if you want to download images.
qLncN-3JpD4-00071-00017177-00017439 So you have to fly to China, go to the Google data center
qLncN-3JpD4-00072-00017439-00017831 there, do your Google search right there at Three Gorges Dam.
qLncN-3JpD4-00073-00017831-00018119 And now, you can you get the information that you want out of Google.
qLncN-3JpD4-00074-00018119-00018752 So the point of this is it's just that in order to make these kinds of things
qLncN-3JpD4-00075-00018752-00018946 happen, you needed to have computers that
qLncN-3JpD4-00076-00018946-00019317 got much faster, much smaller, much cheaper and much more
qLncN-3JpD4-00077-00019317-00019631 energy efficient over the last 20 years, or all of the great ideas
qLncN-3JpD4-00078-00019631-00019932 that we've had in computing would not have happened, or many of them
qLncN-3JpD4-00079-00019932-00020031 would not have happened.
qLncN-3JpD4-00080-00020031-00020309 And so going forward, we can say, well, Google's kind
qLncN-3JpD4-00081-00020309-00020430 of fast enough the way it is.
qLncN-3JpD4-00082-00020430-00020630 My iPhone's kind of fast enough the way it is.
qLncN-3JpD4-00083-00020630-00020816 What you don't know is, 20 years from now,
qLncN-3JpD4-00084-00020816-00021257 what will not happen if we can't make computers go 1,000 times
qLncN-3JpD4-00085-00021257-00021608 or even a million times faster than they are today, which is what happened 20
qLncN-3JpD4-00086-00021608-00021759 years.
qLncN-3JpD4-00087-00021759-00022021 So this is mostly kind of a reference slide,
qLncN-3JpD4-00088-00022021-00022217 in case you're not familiar with all the terms.
qLncN-3JpD4-00089-00022217-00022619 But these are all of the different terms for how big computers can be
qLncN-3JpD4-00090-00022619-00022756 and also how the memory can be.
qLncN-3JpD4-00091-00022756-00023132 So starting with kilo and then up to-- where are we at today?
qLncN-3JpD4-00092-00023132-00023402 We're at petaflops in terms of the size of our systems.
qLncN-3JpD4-00093-00023402-00023701 Petabyte store, so that the cancer data that I talked about-- two
qLncN-3JpD4-00094-00023701-00024175 petabytes sitting in this database for researchers to access.
qLncN-3JpD4-00095-00024175-00024526 The fastest computer we have today at NERSC is a petaflop system.
qLncN-3JpD4-00096-00024526-00024764 We're all trying to figure out if we can build an exaflop
qLncN-3JpD4-00097-00024764-00025017 system because, like I said, we don't know what will happen
qLncN-3JpD4-00098-00025017-00025158 if we can build an exaflop system.
qLncN-3JpD4-00099-00025158-00025392 But we figured good things will happen with computing,
qLncN-3JpD4-00100-00025392-00025587 so we're trying to do that.
qLncN-3JpD4-00101-00025587-00026088 And this is a history of the fastest scientific applications in the world,
qLncN-3JpD4-00102-00026088-00026283 and the pictures of the computers on which they
qLncN-3JpD4-00103-00026283-00026557 were run over about the last 20 years.
qLncN-3JpD4-00104-00026557-00026826 And there's a prize that's given out by Gordon Bell
qLncN-3JpD4-00105-00026826-00027138 every year at a conference called Supercomputing for the fastest
qLncN-3JpD4-00106-00027138-00027408 computers in the world-- I mean, the fastest applications,
qLncN-3JpD4-00107-00027408-00027752 so some kind of computer simulation running on these computers.
qLncN-3JpD4-00108-00027752-00028042 And so back here at the beginning, you can
qLncN-3JpD4-00109-00028042-00028317 see pictures of those vector supercomputers, those Cray computers.
qLncN-3JpD4-00110-00028317-00028801 There were also NEC and other companies that were building these vector
qLncN-3JpD4-00111-00028801-00028901 supercomputers.
qLncN-3JpD4-00112-00028901-00029254 What happened in the early '90s was that somebody
qLncN-3JpD4-00113-00029254-00029451 gave a talk on attack of the micros.
qLncN-3JpD4-00114-00029451-00029757 And this is where people started building networks of workstations.
qLncN-3JpD4-00115-00029757-00030054 And we call it the Now Project here at Berkeley.
qLncN-3JpD4-00116-00030054-00030235 Clusters is the more popular phrase.
qLncN-3JpD4-00117-00030235-00030543 So this is where we started taking microprocessors-- or the same kind that
qLncN-3JpD4-00118-00030543-00030783 are in your laptops-- and we're in servers at the time,
qLncN-3JpD4-00119-00030783-00031058 and then just connecting these things together into a big cluster.
qLncN-3JpD4-00120-00031058-00031427 So that really changed the nature of this kind of high-performance computing
qLncN-3JpD4-00121-00031427-00031857 from these specialized vector supercomputers to these clusters.
qLncN-3JpD4-00122-00031857-00032068 2004, something really important happened,
qLncN-3JpD4-00123-00032068-00032347 which is processor manufacturers stopped figuring out
qLncN-3JpD4-00124-00032347-00032593 how to make processors go any faster.
qLncN-3JpD4-00125-00032593-00032793 Even though they had more transistors on a chip,
qLncN-3JpD4-00126-00032793-00032989 but because they had more transistors on the chip,
qLncN-3JpD4-00127-00032989-00033184 they started just putting multiple cores on the chip.
qLncN-3JpD4-00128-00033184-00033499 So now, when you go out and buy your laptop, you get a core 2 Duo and so on.
qLncN-3JpD4-00129-00033499-00033779 I think you've heard about that a little bit in this class already.
qLncN-3JpD4-00130-00033779-00034131 But this is the rest of world kind of woke up to parallel computing.
qLncN-3JpD4-00131-00034131-00034687 There's our projected hopefully exascale computer in 2020.
qLncN-3JpD4-00132-00034687-00035004 If we believe the trend it would be in 2018,
qLncN-3JpD4-00133-00035004-00035255 but I don't think we're probably going to get there in 2018.
qLncN-3JpD4-00134-00035255-00035524 And so what is the big transition is going to happen
qLncN-3JpD4-00135-00035524-00035703 to help us get from where we are today?
qLncN-3JpD4-00136-00035703-00036028 We're not going to make the processors go any faster, because they're too hot.
qLncN-3JpD4-00137-00036028-00036392 So instead, we're looking at something like attack of the killer cellphones.
qLncN-3JpD4-00138-00036392-00036533 So what does this mean?
qLncN-3JpD4-00139-00036533-00036897 The big problem in trying to build a computer that is 1,000 times faster
qLncN-3JpD4-00140-00036897-00036955 is energy.
qLncN-3JpD4-00141-00036955-00037226 And that's true whether you're trying to build a cellphone that's
qLncN-3JpD4-00142-00037226-00037543 1,000 times faster or you're trying to build a supercomputer that's
qLncN-3JpD4-00143-00037543-00037645 1,000 times faster.
qLncN-3JpD4-00144-00037645-00037837 Our supercomputers, for example, might be
qLncN-3JpD4-00145-00037837-00038273 about 100 cabinets, so 100 refrigerator-sized boxes in the machine
qLncN-3JpD4-00146-00038273-00038354 room.
qLncN-3JpD4-00147-00038354-00038679 And we don't want to make that 1,000 times bigger.
qLncN-3JpD4-00148-00038679-00038917 And we don't want it to use 1,000 times more power.
qLncN-3JpD4-00149-00038917-00039188 But the real problem here in building this is going to be energy.
qLncN-3JpD4-00150-00039188-00039379 And cellphones, if you want to go out and talk
qLncN-3JpD4-00151-00039379-00039751 to somebody who knows how to design an energy-efficient computer processor,
qLncN-3JpD4-00152-00039751-00039921 you talk to cellphone designers.
qLncN-3JpD4-00153-00039921-00040191 I thought that cell phones were limited by battery life,
qLncN-3JpD4-00154-00040191-00040394 because you want to last all day long.
qLncN-3JpD4-00155-00040394-00040741 But in talking to one of them, they said that you do worry about battery life,
qLncN-3JpD4-00156-00040741-00040887 but the first thing you worry about is how hot
qLncN-3JpD4-00157-00040887-00041116 it is, because people really do not like to walk around
qLncN-3JpD4-00158-00041116-00041267 with hot cellphones in their pocket.
qLncN-3JpD4-00159-00041267-00041591 So that's why you talk to the cellphone designers.
qLncN-3JpD4-00160-00041591-00042050 This is a picture of Hopper, which is our petascale supercomputer.
qLncN-3JpD4-00161-00042050-00042616 And just to give you an idea, that has 150,000 processor cores.
qLncN-3JpD4-00162-00042616-00042860 Each one of these has an AMD chips inside.
qLncN-3JpD4-00163-00042860-00043287 And each one of those chips has as 12 cores, a Magny-Cours processor.
qLncN-3JpD4-00164-00043287-00043564 And now, imagine you're doing one of these climate simulations.
qLncN-3JpD4-00165-00043564-00043838 You've got this data structure with all these little pieces in it.
qLncN-3JpD4-00166-00043838-00044195 It kind of maps onto a parallel machine pretty easily,
qLncN-3JpD4-00167-00044195-00044783 because you take each one of those little icosahedral measurement point
qLncN-3JpD4-00168-00044783-00044999 cells, and you put it on each one of the processors.
qLncN-3JpD4-00169-00044999-00045278 And they have to talk to each other in the middle of the simulation
qLncN-3JpD4-00170-00045278-00045455 to say, hey, the temperature went up here,
qLncN-3JpD4-00171-00045455-00045798 so it must have gone up over there, or whatever
qLncN-3JpD4-00172-00045798-00045953 other physical aspects are happening.
qLncN-3JpD4-00173-00045953-00046272 And that's true with all of the different physical simulations.
qLncN-3JpD4-00174-00046272-00046602 Most of them are done with these kinds of what's called domain decomposition.
qLncN-3JpD4-00175-00046602-00047012 You divide up the domain, and you give each domain to each processor.
qLncN-3JpD4-00176-00047012-00047533 So now, programming these things is a hard and interesting problem.
qLncN-3JpD4-00177-00047533-00047826 The machine, as I mentioned, is named after Grace Murray Hopper.
qLncN-3JpD4-00178-00047826-00048122 And Grace Murray Hopper is known for a few things, but one of which
qLncN-3JpD4-00179-00048122-00048345 was to popularize the phrase bug.
qLncN-3JpD4-00180-00048345-00048678 So a picture right there is of the very first computer bug.
qLncN-3JpD4-00181-00048678-00048913 The very first computer bug was a physical bug.
qLncN-3JpD4-00182-00048913-00049206 It was a moth in the computer that caused the computer to not work.
qLncN-3JpD4-00183-00049206-00049680 And Grace Murray Hopper was the who kind of-- and everybody started
qLncN-3JpD4-00184-00049680-00049859 using this word for any time the computer
qLncN-3JpD4-00185-00049859-00050144 didn't do what you wanted it to, you'd call it a computer bug.
qLncN-3JpD4-00186-00050144-00050472 She also, by the way, designed the COBOL programming language
qLncN-3JpD4-00187-00050472-00051106 and was one of the pioneers of programming languages and computers.
qLwP_1XxVg4-00000-00000000-00000564 grow lemons year round with the variegated pink Eureka lemon tree from Stark Bros the pink flesh
qLwP_1XxVg4-00001-00000564-00001044 of this lemon is great for making drinks or used in cooking this tree can easily be grown
qLwP_1XxVg4-00002-00001044-00001446 in a container for colder climates brought inside during the winter time and set back
qLwP_1XxVg4-00003-00001446-00001962 outside in the summertime it can be planted outside in the appropriate climate zones to
qLwP_1XxVg4-00004-00001962-00002472 control the size of this tree you can change pot sizes and prune it the beautiful foliage of the
qLwP_1XxVg4-00005-00002472-00003000 Eureka pink lemon tree makes it an attractive house plant that gives you delicious citrus
qLwP_1XxVg4-00006-00003000-00003636 fruits stock Bros offers this tree in a variety of potted sizes get yours today at starkbrose.com
qLVjCgECW20-00000-00000168-00001160 Hello there, how are you. I wanted to make a video with my mobile phone for the first time. So
qLVjCgECW20-00001-00001240-00002200 it's interesting how it's gonna end up. But let's see. So I'm making a video about
qLVjCgECW20-00002-00002408-00003520 these Orange The World campaign and stuff that is like involved with the context.
qLVjCgECW20-00003-00003808-00004656 So, what I think about the campaign is that it's very important and me myself I'm not a feminist
qLVjCgECW20-00004-00004656-00005912 but I'm like supporting all the feminists still. I'm not saying I am one of them, but what I think
qLVjCgECW20-00005-00005912-00007256 about the campaign is that it really is trying to break the tabu and like make people aware of
qLVjCgECW20-00006-00007423-00008328 how women are treated and make them like speak out their mind about their traumas for example.
qLVjCgECW20-00007-00008488-00009344 For example myself, I have spoken about.. Spoken about my
qLVjCgECW20-00008-00009344-00010232 traumas and I have done it in Instagram but I'm not going to go there now. But I have been
qLVjCgECW20-00009-00010472-00011600 assaulted and it will follow me for the rest of my life. And still I am very proud of how I have like
qLVjCgECW20-00010-00011944-00012880 survived with it and how I look forward living with it. So, actually I think you can be very
qLVjCgECW20-00011-00012880-00013512 proud of what has happened to you even if the things are not such that you would be
qLVjCgECW20-00012-00013744-00014368 proud that happened. So I think
qLVjCgECW20-00013-00014600-00015391 I'm gonna keep this short now because I don't want to make a 7 minute video as I think that you,
qLVjCgECW20-00014-00015528-00016408 my audience, are not watching my videos for maybe the whole seven minutes. And also this
qLVjCgECW20-00015-00016408-00017000 doesn't need more time so I hoped you enjoyed watching and if you have any questions please
qLVjCgECW20-00016-00017000-00018136 ask! Subscribe, like and whatever is natural to you. So please have a wonderful evening and
qLVjCgECW20-00017-00018240-00018896 I hope to hear from you in some way. Alright, thank you. Bye, bye!
qpvCeX0q5O0-00000-00002592-00003019 Ageing is one of the most successful achievements during the past century.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00001-00003365-00003565 Improved childhood survival,
qpvCeX0q5O0-00002-00003892-00004192 successful fight of infections diseases,
qpvCeX0q5O0-00003-00004400-00004630 and improved environment
qpvCeX0q5O0-00004-00004798-00005184 helped people to live longer in most parts of the world.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00005-00005547-00006008 We soon will have more older people living on this planet than ever before.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00006-00006234-00006890 As both, the proportion of older people and the length of life increase throughout the world,
qpvCeX0q5O0-00007-00006931-00007476 key questions arise for those becoming older as well as for societies.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00008-00007654-00008348 Will the ageing population be accompanied by a longer period of healthy life in good physical and cognitive shape?
qpvCeX0q5O0-00009-00008574-00009004 How can sustained well-being for as many as possible be achieved?
qpvCeX0q5O0-00010-00009168-00009676 Will ageing be associated with more illness, disability and dependency?
qpvCeX0q5O0-00011-00009934-00010398 And how will ageing affect health care and social costs?
qpvCeX0q5O0-00012-00010684-00011106 Chronic non-communicable diseases such as diabetes
qpvCeX0q5O0-00013-00011118-00011438 cardiovascular diseases and cancer
qpvCeX0q5O0-00014-00011454-00011814 are burdening people and health and social care systems.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00015-00012006-00012638 Many of them, may be related to lifestyle and individual health literacy.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00016-00012968-00013546 Therefore, the prevalence of chronic kidney diseases is rising with ageing.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00017-00013747-00014206 What may be seen as normal physiological ageing of the kidneys?
qpvCeX0q5O0-00018-00014228-00014638 Where does chronic renal insufficiency start?
qpvCeX0q5O0-00019-00014669-00015108 Are there any relations to organ functioning and ageing?
qpvCeX0q5O0-00020-00015122-00015819 Did you know that gender and ethnicity may be of impact how you age and how kidneys work?
qpvCeX0q5O0-00021-00015987-00016501 Probably there is an option to positively care for our own renal function ourselves.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00022-00016614-00017036 Have you ever thought about lifestyle and kidney function yourself?
qpvCeX0q5O0-00023-00017058-00017756 Do you take or do you prescribe drugs on regular basis that may affect your renal capacity?
qpvCeX0q5O0-00024-00017934-00018550 There is already a lot we know and everybody should know to care for themselves and others.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00025-00018853-00019475 My name is Regina Roller-Wirnsberger and I’m an appointed professor of geriatric medicine at our university.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00026-00019958-00020932 My name is Carolin Herzog; I’m the study coordinator of an EU funded project – SCOPE – at Medical University of Graz.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00027-00021082-00021400 This mooc will give insight in the ageing process
qpvCeX0q5O0-00028-00021424-00022066 with a special focus on the role and function of kidney for all citizens interested.
qpvCeX0q5O0-00029-00022248-00022530 So, if you’re interested come and join us
qP842ka7Exo-00000-00000002-00000202 GO TO THE HELL - BAND DARK EMPIRE PROJECT - MUSIC DESTRUCTION OF CHAOS - ALBUM
qRq3EPFitrg-00000-00000016-00000687 This afternoon, we mark the five, ten, and fifteen-year anniversaries of NATO's post-Cold
qRq3EPFitrg-00001-00000687-00000983 War expansions.
qRq3EPFitrg-00002-00000983-00002000 And it is clear that each of these expansions has actually strengthened NATO by opening
qRq3EPFitrg-00003-00002000-00002722 doors for millions of people who, through the power of this alliance, now are able to
qRq3EPFitrg-00004-00002722-00003361 experience greater opportunity, a greater prosperity, and greater security.
qRq3EPFitrg-00005-00003361-00004053 As free nations, we will continue to stand together and stand always in defense of international
qRq3EPFitrg-00006-00004053-00004812 law, of our mutual security, and of the right of nations and people everywhere to freely
qRq3EPFitrg-00007-00004812-00004960 choose their own destiny.
qTHNdtecIKy-00000-00001842-00002042 Halo Everyone! Good Morning!
qTHNdtecIKy-00001-00002086-00002630 Sorry give you guys see my "wake up" face
qTHNdtecIKy-00002-00002674-00003232 Let's brush teeth and wash face together!!
qTHNdtecIKy-00003-00003232-00003610 Follow by my acne prone skin simple skincare and light makeup
qTHNdtecIKy-00004-00003682-00004910 Regarding on what type of cleanser I am using, I won't introduce much as is not that good to use
qTHNdtecIKy-00005-00004960-00005904 Apart from that, I will recommend Mary Kay Botanical Cleanser(previous video) and Simple Gel Cleanser
qTHNdtecIKy-00006-00005904-00006286 To me, both the cleanser are very gentle to my acne prone skin
qTHNdtecIKy-00007-00006286-00006702 Anyone having the same acne problem like me, can have a try at Mary Kay counter or Watson (Simple Gel Cleanser)
qTHNdtecIKy-00008-00006702-00006776 Hope everyone will enjoy my video!
qTHNdtecIKy-00009-00006776-00007056 Please give me a like and subscribe to my channel <3
qTHNdtecIKy-00010-00007059-00007194 Let's continue watching!
qTHNdtecIKy-00011-00007222-00007418 Halo once again!
qTHNdtecIKy-00012-00007430-00007952 Today I am going to film my first Get Ready With Me
qTHNdtecIKy-00013-00007986-00008410 It will be basically about my morning skincare routine
qTHNdtecIKy-00014-00008410-00009422 Later on I will show everyone on the place I am staying now (Avani Hotel) and also sharing the reason why I am here
qTHNdtecIKy-00015-00009456-00009950 My Skincare step start of with Hada Labo toner
qTHNdtecIKy-00016-00009950-00010350 The cotton I am using is available in Watson.
qTHNdtecIKy-00017-00010358-00011030 It can be tear into two cotton
qTHNdtecIKy-00018-00011282-00011970 Now I will pour a certain amount on the cotton and use it as a mask
qTHNdtecIKy-00019-00012672-00013044 In front of me is the sea view. Super Awesome!!
qTHNdtecIKy-00020-00013204-00013480 Later I film for you guys to see!
qTHNdtecIKy-00021-00013480-00013890 So cool! This is my first time staying in hotel facing the sea view
qTHNdtecIKy-00023-00021238-00021608 Normally I will leave it on for 5 mins
qTHNdtecIKy-00024-00036938-00037502 My uncle who work in pharmacy introduce me this moisturizer
qTHNdtecIKy-00025-00037522-00038042 He said a lot customers bought this brand
qTHNdtecIKy-00026-00038120-00038602 So i thought I can try it out
qTHNdtecIKy-00027-00045122-00046096 This sunscreen can be use as concealer and is waterproof
qTHNdtecIKy-00028-00046096-00046542 I will only use this for my makeup base
qTHNdtecIKy-00029-00046542-00046988 I do not like to apply a lot of makeup product on my face
qTHNdtecIKy-00030-00046988-00048114 This is because I am acne prone skin so I do not want a lot of makeup product stay on my face
qTHNdtecIKy-00031-00048114-00048906 The sunscreen shade is more like a foundation shade
qTHNdtecIKy-00032-00048906-00049316 Therefore, it has a slight coverage
qTHNdtecIKy-00033-00049316-00049752 Of course, the coverage won't be so high
qTHNdtecIKy-00034-00050648-00051186 I will simply dap an amount onto my face
qTHNdtecIKy-00035-00051774-00052314 I will dap gently using my finger
qTHNdtecIKy-00036-00061108-00061528 Again, I will apply an amount onto my hand first
qTHNdtecIKy-00037-00061528-00062100 Then dap it using my finger on the area with scars
qTHNdtecIKy-00038-00062204-00062808 I feel using finger I can cover my scars more precisely
qTHNdtecIKy-00039-00062808-00063266 Of course, if you have a concealer brush, u may use it
qTHNdtecIKy-00040-00067274-00067746 I will brush my eyebrow using the eyebrow brush
qTHNdtecIKy-00041-00067746-00068246 The brush itself is like an angle brush
qTHNdtecIKy-00042-00068456-00069002 The eyebrow kit has it's complimentary brush
qTHNdtecIKy-00043-00069174-00070082 I personally find that their eyebrow powder is very good to use + cheap as well
qTHNdtecIKy-00044-00070200-00070718 I will start from the end of my eyebrow
qTHNdtecIKy-00045-00071290-00073016 Then use the remaining powder and brush it to the front to create a more natural look
qTHNdtecIKy-00046-00073022-00073446 Slowly brush it and you will see the different
qTHNdtecIKy-00047-00073446-00074330 My eyebrow look very dark in the camera. In fact, it is not that dark
qTHNdtecIKy-00048-00074524-00074990 I am done with my eyebrow!
qTHNdtecIKy-00049-00074990-00075398 Next I will be drawing eyeliner
qTHNdtecIKy-00050-00075398-00076174 I will be using the same eyebrow powder as my eyeliner to create natural look
qTHNdtecIKy-00051-00076342-00076986 I will just draw my eyeliner like what u see on the screen. haha
qTHNdtecIKy-00052-00082866-00083370 Please ignore the person behind me. haha
qTHNdtecIKy-00053-00083410-00083752 He is my landlord's brother
qTHNdtecIKy-00054-00083902-00084168 Let's draw eyeshadow!!
qTHNdtecIKy-00055-00084276-00085328 I personally like their eyeshadow as the powder and glitter are very fine
qTHNdtecIKy-00056-00085328-00085864 I don't think it is available in the store anymore as i couldn't find it anymore
qTHNdtecIKy-00057-00085864-00086130 I used this for a long time and the cover has came off already
qTHNdtecIKy-00058-00086130-00086266 It has a mini mirror
qTHNdtecIKy-00059-00086266-00086474 I think consider it price, they are very detail in their design
qTHNdtecIKy-00060-00086474-00087494 I start with the shade of white, beige, cooper, and greyish black
qTHNdtecIKy-00061-00087574-00088040 I will use the beige shade to brighten my eyelid and eyebag too
qTHNdtecIKy-00062-00088562-00089032 Let me zoom in for you guys
qTHNdtecIKy-00063-00090948-00091432 Here another housemate of mine
qTHNdtecIKy-00064-00094106-00094712 Now apply the cooper shade underneath my double eyelid line
qTHNdtecIKy-00065-00097626-00099386 I will use the peach shade on the triangle area at the end of eyelid and eyebag to create innocent look
qTHNdtecIKy-00066-00102390-00102970 Now i will be curling my lashes
qTHNdtecIKy-00067-00105098-00106208 I think this is not bad because the ink is not wet. So, the lashes will appear to be more natural
qTHNdtecIKy-00068-00106208-00107364 I normally will brush the excess ink on the cover or dap it on tissue paper
qTHNdtecIKy-00069-00112083-00112706 This is change color according to your lip color
qTHNdtecIKy-00070-00115292-00115935 Dap dap dap the blush on the cheek area
qTHNdtecIKy-00071-00117268-00118018 I will use innisfree no sebum powder if i want to use loose powder
qTHNdtecIKy-00072-00118020-00118576 As for now I will use Cathy Doll foundation powder
qTHNdtecIKy-00073-00118576-00119732 Showing view in front of me through the mini mirror
qTHNdtecIKy-00074-00119926-00120600 Now dap a certain amount to avoid cakey
qTHNdtecIKy-00075-00121840-00122672 Now I will go have a change then show you the end of my makeup look!
qUdsCzXSqJk-00000-00000512-00001152 Hello everyone it's just a little short video here from cs live and fix it for seniors.
qUdsCzXSqJk-00001-00001280-00002336 Many people ask what do I need to make a live stream on YouTube or Facebook? You basically
qUdsCzXSqJk-00002-00002336-00003024 only need your telephone. Your telephone is more than enough to do what i'm doing now. Here
qUdsCzXSqJk-00003-00003024-00003872 i'm using YouTube. At this point and i'm not allowed to use this at the moment, so i use an
qUdsCzXSqJk-00004-00003872-00004632 app you can download to your telephone called Live Now and then it is possible to stream directly on
qUdsCzXSqJk-00005-00004632-00005224 on youtube but you need clarification to to do that directly from YouTube.
qUdsCzXSqJk-00006-00005368-00005624 On facebook we don't have these restrictions.
qUtjUxUEsoQ-00000-00000516-00000902 This food distribution took place on 04/13/2020 in Hala, Sindh
qUtjUxUEsoQ-00001-00000948-00001358 Circles were drawn on the ground 6 feet apart and the villagers were instructed to stand in the boxes to maintain social distancing
qUtjUxUEsoQ-00002-00002316-00002692 All of the families are daily wage workers
qUtjUxUEsoQ-00003-00004310-00004740 Please continue to support them with your donations.
qWy4HC1MH9u-00000-00000401-00000652 Teenagers on internet and game addiction
qWy4HC1MH9u-00001-00000670-00000869 "Yo, Chantal is only on her phone, always
qWy4HC1MH9u-00002-00000888-00001088 WhatsApp and Facebook."
qWy4HC1MH9u-00003-00001150-00001212 - "Seriously?"
qWy4HC1MH9u-00004-00001276-00001538 - "Yeah, because she also played on the internet.
qWy4HC1MH9u-00005-00001598-00001782 That's unacceptable!"
qWy4HC1MH9u-00006-00001834-00001934 - "Also during class?"
qWy4HC1MH9u-00007-00001966-00002098 - "Yes, also during class!"
qWy4HC1MH9u-00008-00002134-00002258 - "Okay, she's definitely crazy."
qWy4HC1MH9u-00009-00002346-00002700 Welcome to "Fatty on the tree" for the newest news.
qWy4HC1MH9u-00010-00002760-00002960 Pathological playing also known as forceful playing
qWy4HC1MH9u-00011-00003008-00003372 is also known as a game addiction
qWy4HC1MH9u-00012-00003497-00003806 "Does Chantal notice anything when she's surfing the
qWy4HC1MH9u-00013-00003828-00004068 internet during class?"
qWy4HC1MH9u-00014-00004134-00004456 - "No, she already failed her last math test."
qWy4HC1MH9u-00015-00004476-00004664 - "She should pay more attention and
qWy4HC1MH9u-00016-00004664-00004798 leave her phone at home!"
qWy4HC1MH9u-00017-00004854-00005166 Computer games consume all of one's allowance
qWy4HC1MH9u-00018-00005172-00005458 and life just to collect fictional trophies.
qWy4HC1MH9u-00019-00005560-00005696 "Would you spend as much time on your phone
qWy4HC1MH9u-00020-00005696-00005832 "as Chantal?"
qWy4HC1MH9u-00021-00005832-00006032 - "No, not really. Only at home."
qWy4HC1MH9u-00022-00006084-00006320 - "Well, I'm also relatively often on my phone but at home."
qWy4HC1MH9u-00023-00006440-00006862 - "At home it doesn't matter. You can do your homework whenever."
qY8b55cd0oc-00000-00002768-00003050 So how can I put that in a few words?
qY8b55cd0oc-00001-00003050-00003190 Everyone heard what Chris said?
qY8b55cd0oc-00002-00003190-00003883 Can anyone kind of summarize it into a few words that I can write down?
qY8b55cd0oc-00003-00003883-00004123 Can anyone do that? Vinn?
qY8b55cd0oc-00004-00004123-00004444 He has to be used to doing poor things.
qY8b55cd0oc-00005-00004444-00005269 Okay, a challenge for Esperanza is getting used to
qY8b55cd0oc-00006-00005269-00006122 doing things that are poor, or like that poor people do.
qY8b55cd0oc-00007-00006122-00006224 She's doing things that she's not used to.
qY8b55cd0oc-00008-00006224-00006792 Okay. Doing things that she's not used to doing.
qY8b55cd0oc-00009-00008218-00008359 So here's our challenge.
qY8b55cd0oc-00010-00008359-00008703 Getting used to doing things that she's not used to doing.
qY8b55cd0oc-00011-00008703-00008918 That's kind of a tongue-twister, isn't it?
qY8b55cd0oc-00012-00008918-00009068 What is a theme?
qY8b55cd0oc-00013-00009068-00009429 What might the author be trying to tell us
qY8b55cd0oc-00014-00009429-00009701 by having Esperanza go through this experience?
qY8b55cd0oc-00015-00009701-00010255 Talk with the people in your group about what a theme could be
qY8b55cd0oc-00016-00010255-00010517 that we get from this experience.
qY8b55cd0oc-00017-00010517-00010806 Like when you have things, it doesn't last forever.
qY8b55cd0oc-00018-00010806-00011470 It's kind of like a toy, because you love that toy so much
qY8b55cd0oc-00019-00011470-00011577 and then you just lose it.
qY8b55cd0oc-00020-00011577-00012050 It's like losing something really valued, like really special to you.
qbDSmMn7r_4-00000-00000003-00000930 and we're rolling people we're rolling Who am I kidding there's no one here except me so hi guys
qbDSmMn7r_4-00001-00000930-00001323 welcome back to my channel my name is Jasmine rosette and today we're gonna be doing a get
qbDSmMn7r_4-00002-00001323-00002067 ready with me and obviously by the title of the video we're gonna be talking about some riveting
qbDSmMn7r_4-00003-00002067-00002595 stuff before we get into the night if you haven't already please do subscribe so you can take up to
qbDSmMn7r_4-00004-00002595-00003111 date on everything that I'm doing and if you like any part of this video please do give me a thumbs
qbDSmMn7r_4-00005-00003111-00003828 up so without further ado let's get into the video girl thought I would bring you in a little
qbDSmMn7r_4-00006-00003828-00004359 bit closer you can see what I'm doing better but I just finished priming let's talk about
qbDSmMn7r_4-00007-00004359-00005181 what not to say to people of color obviously I'm gonna speak from my experience as a black
qbDSmMn7r_4-00008-00005181-00006171 Latino female I can't speak from other people of colors experiences because I I don't know that
qbDSmMn7r_4-00009-00006171-00006711 world's really well I only know like what it's like to be black how people say things who are
qbDSmMn7r_4-00010-00006711-00007455 not of color that are just really like did you really need to say that type of thing so things
qbDSmMn7r_4-00011-00007455-00007983 that have kind of heard that I am just kind of list out a little bit oh it's because oh sorry
qbDSmMn7r_4-00012-00007983-00008772 oh it's because you're black or you know I have black friends that's not okay to say to a person
qbDSmMn7r_4-00013-00008772-00009459 to Co at all it kind of tells me that you are a little uncomfortable being around someone who's
qbDSmMn7r_4-00014-00009459-00010173 of color that you haven't been around people of color often and you have to continuously point
qbDSmMn7r_4-00015-00010173-00010989 it out and like make jokes about it and it's just like bro I'm a person too I get that like on the
qbDSmMn7r_4-00016-00010989-00011502 outside I definitely look different because my pigmentation is a lot darker than yours but it
qbDSmMn7r_4-00017-00011502-00011997 doesn't really constitute for you to just be like oh you have big lips because you're black
qbDSmMn7r_4-00018-00011997-00012705 you have a big butt because you're black or you talk like this because you're black no it's not
qbDSmMn7r_4-00019-00012705-00013221 and I definitely corrected people in the past oh it's you know because you're black in the mic no
qbDSmMn7r_4-00020-00013221-00013750 it's not because I seen white people who also have big lips who also have big butts who have certain
qbDSmMn7r_4-00021-00013750-00014293 features that are similar to mine and also you never really hear a what a black person saying
qbDSmMn7r_4-00022-00014293-00014818 oh because you're white because you're white all the time and focusing on your whiteness and I just
qbDSmMn7r_4-00023-00014818-00015331 always find it so interesting when people always kind of have point out your blackness to you or
qbDSmMn7r_4-00024-00015331-00015969 your whatever you are as a person of color they always try to point it out to you and it's just
qbDSmMn7r_4-00025-00015969-00016930 okay cool awesome great I've even gotten been in situations where people are like you know you're
qbDSmMn7r_4-00026-00016930-00017491 like the cool black person in the in in this whatever situation why can't I just be a cool
qbDSmMn7r_4-00027-00017491-00018190 person why do I have to be a cool black person like why do you have to like point that out and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00028-00018190-00019042 it's like when people who are not of color point those type of things out I'm just kind of like are
qbDSmMn7r_4-00029-00019042-00019666 you trying to show like tell me that like this is your way of saying that you see me what's really
qbDSmMn7r_4-00030-00019666-00020413 going on here like I just don't really understand the point I'm just like it's just not okay to like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00031-00020413-00021196 say things of oh it's because you're black or just continuously pointing out my my blackness I always
qbDSmMn7r_4-00032-00021196-00021811 find that like people of color kind of make the joke in a place where they're the minority so
qbDSmMn7r_4-00033-00021811-00022393 that like you don't have to acknowledge it and so it's like you understand that like I recognize I'm
qbDSmMn7r_4-00034-00022393-00023140 different you now know it's pointed out that I am different than you just based on my skin tone and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00035-00023140-00023911 so I'm gonna make this joke to kind of clear the air to acknowledge my racial difference or ethnic
qbDSmMn7r_4-00036-00023911-00024577 difference or whatever you like want to call it type of thing and so and that can definitely come
qbDSmMn7r_4-00037-00024577-00025216 off as you know hypocritical a little bit and I realize like based on a recent conversation that
qbDSmMn7r_4-00038-00025216-00025882 people of color need to stop doing that like we need to stop making those type of jokes when were
qbDSmMn7r_4-00039-00025882-00026819 and it's not really even offensive jokes but it's a joke of hey I acknowledge this about me and know
qbDSmMn7r_4-00040-00026819-00027335 that like I'm the only one who's like this and it's definitely not okay on our part but I feel
qbDSmMn7r_4-00041-00027335-00027863 like where it's coming from for us is to kind of acknowledge that like there's a difference between
qbDSmMn7r_4-00042-00027863-00028481 us like there's a difference that like for me to acknowledge yes in front of all of you people who
qbDSmMn7r_4-00043-00028481-00028964 are not of color and I am the only one in the room who is I understand that I am black and that you
qbDSmMn7r_4-00044-00028964-00029756 are not and this joke is too or it's not even a joke it's more like a light-hearted comment that
qbDSmMn7r_4-00045-00029756-00030389 I make yes I understand because I am black cuz it's like I've been in a situation where someone
qbDSmMn7r_4-00046-00030389-00031102 has explained about my culture to me and then I kind of finish off I already knew that because
qbDSmMn7r_4-00047-00031102-00031652 I'm black and I'm very involved with like what's going on in my culture but I would say it a more
qbDSmMn7r_4-00048-00031652-00032357 like lighthearted kind of joking way of just like I get it it's because I'm black I understand but
qbDSmMn7r_4-00049-00032357-00033071 it's also like that's not cool either I don't know I don't feel like it's okay for people who are not
qbDSmMn7r_4-00050-00033071-00033494 of color to kind of point out being like oh it's because you're the black person or it's because
qbDSmMn7r_4-00051-00033494-00033971 you're black for this reason or you know you're that black person of this and that's why they
qbDSmMn7r_4-00052-00033971-00034385 think you're cool like I've gotten comments like that and I'm just like it's it's not okay to say
qbDSmMn7r_4-00053-00034385-00034994 to a person of color we're like regardless because you're putting me into a box you're putting me
qbDSmMn7r_4-00054-00034994-00035522 into a category to kind of fit your needs just so that you can kind of understand better who I am
qbDSmMn7r_4-00055-00035522-00036182 without really acknowledging me as a person first you only acknowledge my race first and then think
qbDSmMn7r_4-00056-00036182-00037058 of me as a person second which is not okay and not like not the point like yes I am a person of color
qbDSmMn7r_4-00057-00037058-00037979 I get that more than anyone I live in my skin every single day and I live with black privilege
qbDSmMn7r_4-00058-00037979-00038915 every single day whereas white privilege like works for you in a lot of situations but for me
qbDSmMn7r_4-00059-00038987-00039644 it's it doesn't I also think like things that are not okay to say to a black person are the n-word
qbDSmMn7r_4-00060-00039644-00040421 I remember in high school I had two guys who I considered friends who were like oh is it okay
qbDSmMn7r_4-00061-00040421-00041402 if I call you the n-word they were not black and I was like no that's extremely racist and I said
qbDSmMn7r_4-00062-00041402-00042020 that around when I was like 16 17 years old but I'm just thinking like why would you ever as a
qbDSmMn7r_4-00063-00042020-00042710 person who's not of color want to say it like not a color because they were a color who is not my
qbDSmMn7r_4-00064-00042710-00043334 race want to say something that is like a racial slur to me like that's not cool also when people
qbDSmMn7r_4-00065-00043334-00044141 like listen to a song and it has the n-word in it and you know they're not of color they're not like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00066-00044141-00044819 black they don't walk around with black privilege and they say it like in a song and then a black
qbDSmMn7r_4-00067-00044819-00045287 person is in the room and then the song comes on and then they say it and then they turn to
qbDSmMn7r_4-00068-00045287-00045773 you and they're like oh I'm sorry like I didn't mean to like you know is it cool that I say it
qbDSmMn7r_4-00069-00045773-00046631 and it's just like no no it's not I feel like if you are not black and you don't like you shouldn't
qbDSmMn7r_4-00070-00046631-00047180 say it at all because you don't understand you don't understand the depth of what that word is
qbDSmMn7r_4-00071-00047180-00047786 for people who are black like you can see it you can hear it in songs but you're never really going
qbDSmMn7r_4-00072-00047786-00048338 to understand it because you are not blacks you never have had that word used against you in a
qbDSmMn7r_4-00073-00048338-00049322 racial like an aggressive racially charged way and like I have like I have been like in those
qbDSmMn7r_4-00074-00049322-00049859 situations where people have called me that and it's like not a good thing they're not black and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00075-00049859-00050528 they've said things like that to me it's an awful situation where you have to be in a situation and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00076-00050528-00051266 someone literally doesn't like you and they're saying like racially charged things against you
qbDSmMn7r_4-00077-00051266-00051827 just because of the color your skin like you just walk into a building or you walk on to a form of
qbDSmMn7r_4-00078-00051827-00052391 public transportation and someone says this to your face and it's like totally off-the-cuff
qbDSmMn7r_4-00079-00052391-00053066 you're not even saying anything like you're not even doing anything besides existing and people
qbDSmMn7r_4-00080-00053066-00053982 say this to you like who has some sort of like grudge against you or whatever and it's just
qbDSmMn7r_4-00081-00053982-00055067 like well damn like this is an awful situation it's horrible to be in but I just feel like if
qbDSmMn7r_4-00082-00055067-00055584 you're not a person who's black you should never say that word that is my opinion I don't care if
qbDSmMn7r_4-00083-00055584-00056151 you are married to a person who is black or if your cousin is black if you do not walk around
qbDSmMn7r_4-00084-00056151-00056886 with skin like mine I don't think you're allowed to say it and also those people who like do the
qbDSmMn7r_4-00085-00056886-00057392 whole blackface or they like tan so much that they look black them they're like oh I think I
qbDSmMn7r_4-00086-00057392-00057747 can get away with it if you know in your heart that you ain't black then don't be saying that
qbDSmMn7r_4-00087-00057747-00058695 word because you don't understand that like the N word [ __ ] is means ignorance like slaves like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00088-00058695-00059433 slave masters called black people [ __ ] because it was a way to identify them and put them down
qbDSmMn7r_4-00089-00059433-00059942 and be super condescending and being like you're an ignorant person you're less than a human you're
qbDSmMn7r_4-00090-00059942-00060702 a piece of crap and then black people started to take ownership of that word and saying [ __ ] and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00091-00060702-00061449 as a way to like take on her ship of that word so that it doesn't hurt themselves and they call each
qbDSmMn7r_4-00092-00061449-00062172 other that as a reminder that it's like they cannot use this word against me to continue to
qbDSmMn7r_4-00093-00062172-00062937 push me down so like if you don't fully understand the depth of what I just said and it doesn't
qbDSmMn7r_4-00094-00062937-00063570 emotionally resonate with you just never see the word even if it does emotionally resonate with you
qbDSmMn7r_4-00095-00063570-00064323 and you do understand and you are not a person of color my color don't say the word I don't care if
qbDSmMn7r_4-00096-00064323-00064929 you're married to someone who's black I don't care if like you you know have a black friend a black
qbDSmMn7r_4-00097-00064929-00065396 cousin or if another black person said it was okay for you to say because another black person
qbDSmMn7r_4-00098-00065396-00066011 would be like it's not so don't say it and so and that's how I feel like I'm just like don't say it
qbDSmMn7r_4-00099-00066011-00066719 if it's in a song I don't care it's not meant for you to say as a person who's not black non black
qbDSmMn7r_4-00100-00066719-00067388 people should never say the n-word and they should never ask a black person if they can call them the
qbDSmMn7r_4-00101-00067388-00068300 n-word it's super offensive I don't like it I don't think it's like it's not productive like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00102-00068300-00068780 what's the point why would you want to call me that why can't you just call me my name which in
qbDSmMn7r_4-00103-00068780-00069554 my case is jazz or jasmine like you don't gotta call me the n-word you don't got to do me like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00104-00069554-00070346 that another thing is I feel like there is like a problem that's kind of arising people who are not
qbDSmMn7r_4-00105-00070346-00071045 black are recognizing that like oppression still exists for people who are black like the whole
qbDSmMn7r_4-00106-00071045-00071627 black lives matter movement people are more aware of it than ever they're realizing that like black
qbDSmMn7r_4-00107-00071627-00072338 people can be brutally attacked at any moment that they're underpaid they're undervalued they're not
qbDSmMn7r_4-00108-00072338-00072836 appreciated as much and we are we are making ways to improve that which is great but I feel
qbDSmMn7r_4-00109-00072836-00073646 like people are getting stuck into this pattern of you know I acknowledge that I have white privilege
qbDSmMn7r_4-00110-00073646-00074306 like when people who are white say that I'm like that's great but at the same time you can't give
qbDSmMn7r_4-00111-00074306-00074756 up your white privilege when people who are white acknowledge that they have white privilege I'm
qbDSmMn7r_4-00112-00074756-00075395 like that's great that you know that but what are you going to do actively with that information I
qbDSmMn7r_4-00113-00075395-00076172 feel like it's getting into this like transition of we're just talking about it which is you know
qbDSmMn7r_4-00114-00076172-00076805 there's like there's definitely like goodness coming from just talking about it and I'm very
qbDSmMn7r_4-00115-00076805-00077672 appreciative that people acknowledge who are white they're white privilege like that's important I
qbDSmMn7r_4-00116-00077672-00078494 feel like that is huge that was something that like we never got like you know even ten years
qbDSmMn7r_4-00117-00078494-00079047 ago like this is very recent and people are kind of speaking up of being like I don't see any
qbDSmMn7r_4-00118-00079047-00079737 people of color on this set or you know like we're seeing it in ads and like beauty campaigns and and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00119-00079737-00080448 movies like we're starting to see like that kind of celebrated of like Oh like there's some action
qbDSmMn7r_4-00120-00080448-00081018 but I feel like the action is mainly coming from people who are of color or like there is a little
qbDSmMn7r_4-00121-00081018-00081498 bit of action because they're realizing that like oh it's not okay to continuously like bash on
qbDSmMn7r_4-00122-00081498-00082194 people of color and not include them but we have to be like mindful of that but I feel like a lot
qbDSmMn7r_4-00123-00082194-00082824 of people get into this habit of just saying like oh I know should I have white privilege but I'm
qbDSmMn7r_4-00124-00082824-00083787 like when push comes to shove say I'm in a car and I get pulled over obviously I'm black obviously
qbDSmMn7r_4-00125-00083787-00084354 I'm a person of color who has dark skin and with everything that's going on with cops and black
qbDSmMn7r_4-00126-00084354-00085011 people getting pulled over it is very scary so if a person who's white is in the passenger seat and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00127-00085011-00085854 all they do is nothing well a cop being racially offensive or doing the things that we see in the
qbDSmMn7r_4-00128-00085854-00086559 news outlets all the time to black people and they don't do anything what is you saying that you have
qbDSmMn7r_4-00129-00086559-00087201 white privilege doing for me in that moment you're just stating it but you're not doing anything for
qbDSmMn7r_4-00130-00087201-00088113 me I am actually scared in that position you might be scared but your life will probably go
qbDSmMn7r_4-00131-00088113-00088734 on who knows if mine will I'm not saying that like a white person needs to jump in front of a
qbDSmMn7r_4-00132-00088734-00089463 bullet for me but I'm saying when push comes to shove and you're in a situation where something
qbDSmMn7r_4-00133-00089463-00090042 that's racially charged is happening are you just stating that you have right privilege or are you
qbDSmMn7r_4-00134-00090042-00091047 being like proactive with your actions because I feel like I don't want us to get stuck in this
qbDSmMn7r_4-00135-00091047-00091977 thing of oh yeah I acknowledge I acknowledge and I'm like great you acknowledge what else is that
qbDSmMn7r_4-00136-00091977-00092529 what else is that doing you're just stating you have white privilege I can state all day I have
qbDSmMn7r_4-00137-00092529-00093063 black privilege that's not doing anything that's not helping anybody you can state what kind of
qbDSmMn7r_4-00138-00093063-00093630 privilege you have but if you don't do anything with it what's the point in stating it in the
qbDSmMn7r_4-00139-00093630-00094428 first place that's kind of my that's my stance on it I don't know maybe I'm being like a little bit
qbDSmMn7r_4-00140-00094428-00095424 too pessimistic about it but I kind of feel like we get and I feel like some people are
qbDSmMn7r_4-00141-00095424-00096291 getting into that like habit of just like oh just saying something is gonna be enough but if you're
qbDSmMn7r_4-00142-00096291-00096843 like if you really stand arms and arms with us saying something sometimes doesn't do anything
qbDSmMn7r_4-00143-00096843-00097527 like when people cuz like they're still gonna be people who act out and violence towards people of
qbDSmMn7r_4-00144-00097527-00098532 color for no reason at all and I'm not saying all cops are bad but something that I kind of realized
qbDSmMn7r_4-00145-00098532-00099114 that really put me on to the black lives matter movement cuz I wasn't directly affected like I
qbDSmMn7r_4-00146-00099114-00099783 live in a predominantly white culture yes but I see that on the news but I don't feel I didn't
qbDSmMn7r_4-00147-00099783-00100248 feel at that time that I was directly affected until I remember seeing this tweet and then I
qbDSmMn7r_4-00148-00100248-00100809 was in a situation where a cop was following me but I remember seeing this tweet where the whole
qbDSmMn7r_4-00149-00100809-00101349 blue lives matter was happening and I definitely rolled my eyes on on that on purpose because this
qbDSmMn7r_4-00150-00101349-00101970 tweet said you can take off your uniform and no one would know that you're a cop but I cannot
qbDSmMn7r_4-00151-00101970-00102789 take off my blackness I live in the skin every day and I was so moved by that I was like wow I didn't
qbDSmMn7r_4-00152-00102789-00103608 understand it until someone had to like literally put it in perspective of saying like yeah we we as
qbDSmMn7r_4-00153-00103608-00104486 people of color like we can't exactly take off our blackness we can't like people come to me
qbDSmMn7r_4-00154-00104486-00105075 and they'll like even talk black or they'll talk really sassy like an angry black woman and be like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00155-00105075-00106106 okay before even hearing talk and I'm just like yeah no I don't talk like that so like where is
qbDSmMn7r_4-00156-00106106-00106958 this coming from type of thing and it's just very interesting to say the least people who are not
qbDSmMn7r_4-00157-00106958-00107747 of color definitely need to educate themselves and ask those questions of you know if you are friends
qbDSmMn7r_4-00158-00107747-00108535 with a person who is of color I think it's okay to kind of ask like hey I've always kind of or
qbDSmMn7r_4-00159-00108535-00109022 like even if you haven't always but you know you recently thought hey I want to kind of talk to you
qbDSmMn7r_4-00160-00109022-00110011 how can i educate myself to be like more mindful of the things that I say to people of color and I
qbDSmMn7r_4-00161-00110011-00110528 wouldn't even say it as like to people like you I don't think that's the right wording just say to
qbDSmMn7r_4-00162-00110528-00111131 people of color and also when you see a black person I think it's like good to kind of know
qbDSmMn7r_4-00163-00111131-00111653 not all of us are African American I had a friend who was Jamaican and she was like yeah when people
qbDSmMn7r_4-00164-00111653-00112238 call me African American it's really offensive because I am NOT African I am Jamaican that's
qbDSmMn7r_4-00165-00112238-00112982 a huge difference and I have been in situations that I'm not gonna like stay all of them you guys
qbDSmMn7r_4-00166-00112982-00113552 know but like those two guys dating like oh is it okay for me to call you that word that's not even
qbDSmMn7r_4-00167-00113552-00113996 the worst thing that someone has said to me and it's also interesting because sometimes people
qbDSmMn7r_4-00168-00113996-00114920 will walk around like you you walk around on the street like I work downtown and I can tell like I
qbDSmMn7r_4-00169-00114920-00115658 can always tell when someone feels uncomfortable around me I feel like it's just people of color
qbDSmMn7r_4-00170-00115658-00116531 experience this every day I remember my friends we are watching this is us and it was on the episode
qbDSmMn7r_4-00171-00116531-00117254 where Randall and his dad were like talking and his dad was like that like officers like racist
qbDSmMn7r_4-00172-00117254-00118094 against me or whatever and Randall was like it's not that he isn't like he's just doing his job and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00173-00118094-00118616 his dad grew up in a time where like race was people would spit out him when they would see
qbDSmMn7r_4-00174-00118616-00119003 and stuff like that like you grew up in that time so like it made sense like why Randall's
qbDSmMn7r_4-00175-00119003-00119519 dad kind of reacted that way but then Randall like talks about his experience of like yeah sometimes
qbDSmMn7r_4-00176-00119519-00120005 when I go into a store that's like really fancy like security will follow me a little extra and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00177-00120005-00120557 we watched that episode I watched it with two friends we finished that episode and they were
qbDSmMn7r_4-00178-00120557-00121130 like how do you experience this and I was like yeah every single day and they're like what and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00179-00121130-00121745 I was like yeah like I experienced what Randall talked about in that episode of this is us all
qbDSmMn7r_4-00180-00121745-00122348 the time I feel like if you're born a person of color you're kind of just born into knowing that
qbDSmMn7r_4-00181-00122348-00122935 like you will face oppression it's awful to say that because I wish that wasn't the case I wish
qbDSmMn7r_4-00182-00122935-00123992 that wasn't I wish that wasn't true it's honestly like how I feel I feel like if you are a person of
qbDSmMn7r_4-00183-00123992-00124844 color you deal with some sort of racism weakly you know or it might not be like all it's like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00184-00124844-00125468 if you're around people who are just like you every single day like if I was around like an
qbDSmMn7r_4-00185-00125468-00126365 all you know if I was around a black community I don't think I would deal with that but I'm not I'm
qbDSmMn7r_4-00186-00126365-00127058 not surrounded by people who are the exact same as me I don't have a lot of black friends it's just a
qbDSmMn7r_4-00187-00127058-00127778 truth I definitely do think there's like there's a difference for people but at the same time like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00188-00127778-00128456 people of color still experience situations where people say things for them and it's just like are
qbDSmMn7r_4-00189-00128456-00129194 you being for real right now like why or like people try to prove that like they have black
qbDSmMn7r_4-00190-00129194-00129656 friends or they understand black culture and that's just like you don't gotta prove to me
qbDSmMn7r_4-00191-00129656-00130592 like if you like Kendrick Lamar and you're like a legit fan cool but you don't gotta like overextend
qbDSmMn7r_4-00192-00130592-00131189 yourself and be like yeah like I'm just like all about black culture I was just like you know and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00193-00131189-00131735 that was another thing that I was talking about with my friend too it's just like just because I
qbDSmMn7r_4-00194-00131735-00132488 am black or a person color doesn't mean that like I like everything that is black isn't this just
qbDSmMn7r_4-00195-00132488-00133013 like a beautiful place don't assume that just because I am black means that I know everything
qbDSmMn7r_4-00196-00133013-00133718 there is to know but about black culture and that I like everything there is about being black like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00197-00133718-00134288 just because I am this race doesn't mean that I'm obsessed with everything about this race or this
qbDSmMn7r_4-00198-00134288-00134771 culture like people don't realize when they talk to me I'm actually Spanish I did say that I'm a
qbDSmMn7r_4-00199-00134771-00135512 black Latino female my family's from Panama and I love that culture and people who are from Central
qbDSmMn7r_4-00200-00135512-00136091 America or Spanish countries they see me and they know they're like oh yeah she's probably
qbDSmMn7r_4-00201-00136091-00136790 Panamanian because they recognize those features in me where other people who are not from those
qbDSmMn7r_4-00202-00136790-00137519 cultures probably don't like I remember visiting Panama several times and people being like oh yeah
qbDSmMn7r_4-00203-00137519-00137999 she's obviously Panamanian so we're just gonna speak Spanish to her and then they realized that
qbDSmMn7r_4-00204-00137999-00138587 like I don't speak it and I the thing is Spanish was my first language so it is like my native
qbDSmMn7r_4-00205-00138587-00139166 tongue but I don't speak it anymore cuz English is hard to learn I don't know if people know that
qbDSmMn7r_4-00206-00139166-00139685 but English is like one of the most difficult languages and it's still hard for me to speak
qbDSmMn7r_4-00207-00139685-00140570 I'll have days where I like say something like I said almonds and Salman and apparently it's salmon
qbDSmMn7r_4-00208-00140570-00141152 and almonds and I was like I should train myself to say it that way and I did and I was like no I
qbDSmMn7r_4-00209-00141152-00141716 prefer you to say it my own way and I've noticed that my grandma she says quinoa and I say quinoa
qbDSmMn7r_4-00210-00141716-00142421 and I was just like oh I should just say quinoa because like it's okay to like not say it in such
qbDSmMn7r_4-00211-00142421-00143135 like an American way like people who are not from America say it the exact same way and that's okay
qbDSmMn7r_4-00212-00143135-00143765 like I don't have to like pronounce everything so American like you will got it on buck bites
qbDSmMn7r_4-00213-00143765-00144425 you will understand what I'm saying but like yeah I was talking about with my friend who's Asian and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00214-00144425-00144893 she was just like yeah some people think that like just because I'm Asian I'm obsessed with
qbDSmMn7r_4-00215-00144893-00145341 everything that there is Asian me personally I love everything that's aged because I am
qbDSmMn7r_4-00216-00145341-00146073 obsessed with Japanese culture I love anime I like reading manga what and like eating Asian food like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00217-00146073-00147810 sushi pad thai larb is like a new favorite and I'm obsessed with kimchi kimchi chigae you know even
qbDSmMn7r_4-00218-00147810-00149442 Bob like I I love food from like Asia and Indian food Sumati rice butter chicken the curries like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00219-00149442-00150402 I love it all and I just love eating like ethnic foods that are like so different to mine because
qbDSmMn7r_4-00220-00150402-00151248 like and my culture we eat like a lot of fish and rice and free all is you know beans type of thing
qbDSmMn7r_4-00221-00151248-00151614 so but I was talking to her and she was just like just because I'm Asian doesn't mean I'm except
qbDSmMn7r_4-00222-00151614-00152040 obsessed with everything that there is Asian and I was like yeah I totally get that like I totally
qbDSmMn7r_4-00223-00152040-00152421 understand I'm not obsessed with everything that's black because people assume that everything is
qbDSmMn7r_4-00224-00152421-00153069 black is African and I'm like I'm not African I'm Spanish more than anything else and it's just it's
qbDSmMn7r_4-00225-00153069-00153480 always very interesting when people try to like put you into these categories and it's just like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00226-00153480-00154101 no I would prefer if you were to just get to know me as a person first before you try to identify
qbDSmMn7r_4-00227-00154101-00154914 myself for me cuz it's like you don't need to do that for me I can I can do that enough on my own
qbDSmMn7r_4-00228-00154914-00155610 type of thing and so it's just very it's just very interesting when people try to do that to you and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00229-00155610-00156162 it can be very frustrating but it's like no you don't have to talk to me about everything about
qbDSmMn7r_4-00230-00156162-00156654 my culture because I might not know everything about my culture and I also don't need like a
qbDSmMn7r_4-00231-00156654-00157158 history lesson or I don't need to be educated about it like if you like something talked about
qbDSmMn7r_4-00232-00157158-00157776 it in a way that you like it you don't have to emphasize my race with it you know I feel like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00233-00157776-00158337 I covered a lot of well I didn't I don't think I covered everything but obviously because it's such
qbDSmMn7r_4-00234-00158337-00158880 a huge topic but I think like the main takeaway is that you are not a person of color or if you
qbDSmMn7r_4-00235-00158880-00159357 don't really understand a race and you're around someone who is of a different race than you like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00236-00159357-00159999 say if you've never been around someone who's Ethiopian or Korean or you know from Yugoslavia
qbDSmMn7r_4-00237-00159999-00160521 like I think it's okay to just understand like trying to educate yourself on that culture but
qbDSmMn7r_4-00238-00160521-00161148 not trying to put people in a box within that culture because that's not all those people are
qbDSmMn7r_4-00239-00161148-00161760 just like start off with hi and then kind of go from there and you don't have to always bring up
qbDSmMn7r_4-00240-00161760-00162639 their race their ethnicity asking where they're from you know you could even say like just like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00241-00162639-00163359 I would say like if you are in that situation and you are saying something that like is a
qbDSmMn7r_4-00242-00163359-00163959 little bit offensive to a person of color and that personal color calls you out as a person
qbDSmMn7r_4-00243-00163959-00164712 who's not of color I don't think it is good to react to me like oh they're pulling the race card
qbDSmMn7r_4-00244-00164712-00165237 like that's no way to receive that and definitely like people of color could definitely come off as
qbDSmMn7r_4-00245-00165237-00165774 angry because it is upsetting because it's not like it's something that happens like once you
qbDSmMn7r_4-00246-00165774-00166278 know a lifetime it's something that happens all the time and it can be frustrating because it's
qbDSmMn7r_4-00247-00166278-00166944 like you're continuously correcting people to not say these things and I as a person of color
qbDSmMn7r_4-00248-00166944-00167517 shouldn't have to continuously educate people or corrects people people should just know like you
qbDSmMn7r_4-00249-00167517-00167856 don't have to come up to me and be like oh it's because you're black or you're my token black
qbDSmMn7r_4-00250-00167856-00168444 friend or and also you don't have to continuously like point it out to me like it's so weird when
qbDSmMn7r_4-00251-00168444-00169080 people do that and I think just both sides like people of color needs to definitely come from a
qbDSmMn7r_4-00252-00169080-00170169 place of not anger but just saying it in a loving and a kind way and people who are not of color who
qbDSmMn7r_4-00253-00170169-00170910 are kind of getting corrected me to accept it in a loving and kind way in return and not be super
qbDSmMn7r_4-00254-00170910-00171396 offended when they are corrected because it's just like put yourselves in their shoes do they
qbDSmMn7r_4-00255-00171396-00172136 probably have to do this all the time yes yes they do so I wanted to jump on real quick and say that
qbDSmMn7r_4-00256-00172136-00173075 when a person who is not of color gets corrected and says you're pulling the race card that is your
qbDSmMn7r_4-00257-00173075-00173729 white privilege speaking and you're saying that's your person who is of color I don't think that is
qbDSmMn7r_4-00258-00173729-00174353 fair yeah I just kind of wanted to say that so don't respond and being like you're pulling the
qbDSmMn7r_4-00259-00174353-00174797 race card because that's white privilege like you saying that is white privilege especially
qbDSmMn7r_4-00260-00174797-00175370 to a person of color and recognize that people of color should be able to stand up for themselves
qbDSmMn7r_4-00261-00175370-00176165 and say what's not okay and not have to joke about it all the time so I just wanted to point that out
qbDSmMn7r_4-00262-00176165-00177128 real quick and hop on there and say that also I understand that not all cops are bad I get that so
qbDSmMn7r_4-00263-00177128-00177623 I just wanted to jump in real quick and say that I think it's okay it's okay to educate yourselves
qbDSmMn7r_4-00264-00177623-00178238 just talk to people who are different from you and put yourselves in their shoes like mentally and be
qbDSmMn7r_4-00265-00178238-00178643 like I wonder what it is like for them like I wonder what it is to like walk in their shoes
qbDSmMn7r_4-00266-00178643-00179126 and experience life the way that they do like when a black person walks past a cop are they
qbDSmMn7r_4-00267-00179126-00179870 afraid I am typically and I do there's a cop at my church who's like the best cop ever like he's
qbDSmMn7r_4-00268-00179870-00180596 awesome he's really great but yeah I I think just like both sides need to come from a place that is
qbDSmMn7r_4-00269-00180596-00181259 like loving and kind and understanding and knowing that like hopefully no one's saying things out of
qbDSmMn7r_4-00270-00181259-00181784 a malicious heart malicious intent because that's when it's hard to like correct people and to say
qbDSmMn7r_4-00271-00181784-00182762 things like that's when it's the most difficult and frustrating as well so yeah I I feel like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00272-00182762-00183389 I'm kind of all over the place because it's such a huge topic it's something that I I struggle and
qbDSmMn7r_4-00273-00183389-00183824 kind of deal with like weekly maybe not daily because I don't think about my blackness every
qbDSmMn7r_4-00274-00183824-00184301 single day if you're a person of color who's who's a person who's not a color don't change
qbDSmMn7r_4-00275-00184301-00184865 the way that you talk to a person of color I'm not saying to treat them like your white friends but
qbDSmMn7r_4-00276-00184865-00185876 to treat them as a person and not just like hone in on this like skin tone of difference because
qbDSmMn7r_4-00277-00185876-00186623 it's it doesn't really come off the way that you think it does and also like saying like oh yeah
qbDSmMn7r_4-00278-00186623-00187082 I'm obsessed with like white culture and I know like this in this and it's just like okay good
qbDSmMn7r_4-00279-00187082-00187658 for you not everyone is obsessed with whatever culture it is that they're obsessed with everyone
qbDSmMn7r_4-00280-00187658-00188123 has different interests and likes and I think that's okay but you don't have to continuously
qbDSmMn7r_4-00281-00188123-00188660 point it out to a person who's in that culture to be like I'm super obsessed and I feel like I've
qbDSmMn7r_4-00282-00188660-00189113 definitely been guilty with this with other races as well and I've been put in my place as well in a
qbDSmMn7r_4-00283-00189113-00189719 loving and kind way but they also like I've also explained like my intent behind what I'm saying
qbDSmMn7r_4-00284-00189719-00190220 and they understand that and we're able to have like a conversation about it instead of you know
qbDSmMn7r_4-00285-00190220-00191198 being like super weird about it so yeah I think that's all I'm gonna say about that hopefully
qbDSmMn7r_4-00286-00191198-00191933 all of that made sense was helpful in some way or you were able to relate as another person of color
qbDSmMn7r_4-00287-00191933-00192437 regardless of your race but yeah if you liked any part of this video please do give me a thumbs up
qbDSmMn7r_4-00288-00192437-00192932 and subscribe I do get ready with me is every now and then and I do like monthly updates on my
qbDSmMn7r_4-00289-00192932-00193469 weight loss journey and some vlogs some travel vlogs and stuff like that so subscribe if you
qbDSmMn7r_4-00290-00193469-00194378 wanna be you know be updated for when I have flood videos that are kind of just live style and yeah
qbDSmMn7r_4-00291-00194378-00195302 hopefully this was an eye-opening conversation and it does sparked positive conversation also please
qbDSmMn7r_4-00292-00195302-00195887 leave the comments like nice I'm not trying to come from a place of just being like this is how
qbDSmMn7r_4-00293-00195887-00196406 you do all things wrong cuz it's not the case I'm just kind of sharing like my experiences and like
qbDSmMn7r_4-00294-00196406-00196946 what I've gone through and what I think is not okay to say to a black person while also getting
qbDSmMn7r_4-00295-00196946-00197588 ready with me and sharing favorite products that I like so it's all in love yeah I hope
qbDSmMn7r_4-00296-00197588-00198501 you guys stay kind stay true and stay laughing and I will see you in the next one bye oh yeah
qbDSmMn7r_4-00297-00198501-00200487 that's us that ain't dry okay came out cute hey I see it that was just now jen is cute I like that
qeUciUULpFY-00000-00000288-00001962 the Everlasting gospel before we start let's do a sugar thank you for having fun thank you for that
qeUciUULpFY-00001-00001962-00002658 so let us go into church and we thank you that again and forgive our sins all that we do send the
qeUciUULpFY-00002-00002658-00003060 Holy Spirit on me and everyone that is watching and we pray you in the name of Jesus Christ
qeUciUULpFY-00003-00003252-00003672 flashing through the Everlasting gospel Everlasting gospel means a
qeUciUULpFY-00004-00003672-00004260 gospel that stay on Earth go away then and then Mary Texas then I saw another
qeUciUULpFY-00005-00004260-00004866 Angel flying the numbers that happened I haven't ever asked God see every nation
qeUciUULpFY-00006-00004866-00005646 to every tribe every time Revelation 14. when they started Angels this is awesome
qeUciUULpFY-00007-00005850-00006300 for everyone to know that Everlasting gospel now let's go to the substantial text
qeUciUULpFY-00008-00006366-00006828 in an incident in Israel was a here and around the politics worshiping multiple
qeUciUULpFY-00009-00006828-00007590 gods and woods Stones Israel clear identity and fabled Powerful statement of faith wasn't faith
qeUciUULpFY-00010-00007590-00008100 Deuteronomy Sixers four hero Israel the Lord of God is the Lord is God is one
qeUciUULpFY-00011-00008310-00009018 throughout the centuries of chanting of Shema the name of the Perez based on Hebrew words
qeUciUULpFY-00012-00009018-00009696 from here remainders that Jews of the spiritual vision that United than the
qeUciUULpFY-00013-00009696-00010530 people of strengthened resolve to maintain unite identity worshipers of the one true God the people
qeUciUULpFY-00014-00010758-00011340 they were surrounded around politics religions that are politics and they're serving false
qeUciUULpFY-00015-00011340-00011934 gods Those Who Have Eyes will not conceive guys that did that had eyes we couldn't see God that
qeUciUULpFY-00016-00011934-00012450 had armies but couldn't touch guys that had feet but could not walk they had nothing like our God
qeUciUULpFY-00017-00012450-00012863 but the Lord God said this could not happen to my people to serve those gods
qeUciUULpFY-00018-00012863-00013278 they Gloria guys show them a sign that he's a true God
qeUciUULpFY-00019-00013434-00014172 for The Seventh-Day Adventists the three Angel Masters is in Revelation 4 14 6 to 12.
qeUciUULpFY-00020-00015726-00016530 fear God important whether our judgment has come and worshiped it means fear God just don't see
qeUciUULpFY-00021-00016530-00017376 him like this fear Him is off service Commons obedience where did I get this is 20 verse 1 to
qeUciUULpFY-00022-00017376-00018384 17. that's Ten Commandments of God he was going to him he's worshiping praising I'm sure his judgment
qeUciUULpFY-00023-00018384-00019068 has come Mr judgment is coming for you and me to be saved worship Him worship Him he's going to
qeUciUULpFY-00024-00019068-00019668 church means going to church on Saturday where do I get this is it the 20th verse 1 to 17 and
qeUciUULpFY-00025-00019668-00020262 is the fourth kid man work sixth day seven days the Sabbath lawyer died that is a strange message
qeUciUULpFY-00026-00020928-00021648 is about the day is a message for you and me for the talent trouble because I encourage you
qeUciUULpFY-00027-00021708-00022194 to read the 300 messages because it gives you hope and it has the Holy Spirit it
qeUciUULpFY-00028-00022194-00022716 makes you more confident it makes you turn put yourself in God more more than you are
qeUciUULpFY-00029-00022776-00023646 lesson three they're blessings Sunday graceful book when we most people think about the book's
qeUciUULpFY-00030-00023646-00024276 last book Revelation you do not think about God's grace when they consider the last day's message
qeUciUULpFY-00031-00024378-00025074 they often turn their immediately to frightening beasts magical symbol Majestic symbols strange
qeUciUULpFY-00032-00025074-00025962 images The Book of Revelation scares as many people is resisting which in the unfortunate
qeUciUULpFY-00033-00025962-00026598 unfortunately because it is indeed it needed to stink good with Grace fulfilled with hope that
qeUciUULpFY-00034-00026598-00027233 even it made you scary Beast winning perspective in the hard times I had God's still a good reasons
qeUciUULpFY-00035-00027233-00027858 that were just established when you're watching movies in Hollywood it looks scary when the time
qeUciUULpFY-00036-00027858-00028350 of travel the Sun is going to be scary in the last days that's why we got God on our side
qeUciUULpFY-00037-00028422-00028992 the people who don't have God on the side it's gonna be it's gonna be straight frankly it's
qeUciUULpFY-00038-00028992-00029327 gonna be hard anytime I travel for the people who don't have a God on this song
qeUciUULpFY-00039-00029424-00029964 when you read the book of Revelation this book is about Jesus the one who loved us the one who died
qeUciUULpFY-00040-00029964-00030414 on the cross for all our sin is that the word dead that's why he went on Calvary for our sins
qeUciUULpFY-00041-00030474-00030983 a lot of people think wrong about Revelation they think it's a book they think wrong about
qeUciUULpFY-00042-00030983-00031542 it they'd be like oh we're gonna die oh no one can understand this book but it's not true
qeUciUULpFY-00043-00031542-00032172 Revelation means something that was really I was hiding that's not revealed not revealing means I
qeUciUULpFY-00044-00032172-00032658 encourage you all Revelation is one of the best books it's encouraging it has grants that hope
qeUciUULpFY-00045-00032658-00033324 it helps you it makes you stand firm and until when the time of Trouble Comes that you won't be
qeUciUULpFY-00046-00033324-00033864 hiding frightening from the symbols and the Beast is that the Beast is going to do in the last last
qeUciUULpFY-00047-00033864-00034452 time in trouble last time the greatest referred book of Hope the Everlasting gospel Monday
qeUciUULpFY-00048-00034566-00035178 notice Revelation 14 verses is the beginning of the things he misses notice that brother and
qeUciUULpFY-00049-00035178-00035664 sister it starts with the Eternal or Everlasting gospel if we fail to understand the death of the
qeUciUULpFY-00050-00035664-00036180 Gospel almost their entire Point everything is a message we can never fully understand
qeUciUULpFY-00051-00036180-00036804 the issues God's judgment ours the fall of Babylon the mark of the beasts real feel to
qeUciUULpFY-00052-00036804-00037326 understand if you don't understand Revelation verse 14 verse 6 you will not understand
qeUciUULpFY-00053-00038330-00038430 [Music]
qeUciUULpFY-00054-00038430-00039090 the peace gospel is an Incredible God good news of Christ's death where it says his glorious
qeUciUULpFY-00055-00039090-00039792 resurrection and has ever present love concert for us by faith he said blood resurrection power
qeUciUULpFY-00056-00039792-00040554 delivered we're both parenting the power aboard means right there the gospel is a credible good
qeUciUULpFY-00057-00040554-00041022 news of Jesus Christ his resurrection his death for our love his love for us
qeUciUULpFY-00058-00041184-00042438 Paul wants you to know we are Justified by grace Grace is the Declaration of God's Resurrection res
qeUciUULpFY-00059-00042438-00043056 rightness we used to justify those who accept Jesus God's love is demonstrated for us while
qeUciUULpFY-00060-00043056-00043854 we are yesterday means Everlasting gospels for you and me for everyone it justifies us it makes
qeUciUULpFY-00061-00043854-00044544 us understand him it'll help us out of trouble and we can stand firm like a tree firm with a
qeUciUULpFY-00062-00044544-00045078 tree stand like a tree stands from don't make us stand like that today one day Everlasting gospel
qeUciUULpFY-00063-00045384-00045942 your 300 misses the story of Grace they are stories of the Savior left Beyond measures a
qeUciUULpFY-00064-00045942-00046446 story of Jesus who loved us so much he would rather experience hell instead of then have
qeUciUULpFY-00065-00046446-00047232 one of us lost then the boundless inside the world and passable undying on Infinity love God
qeUciUULpFY-00066-00047232-00047826 has never caught us by surprise he has never subject he changed on when Humanity chooses
qeUciUULpFY-00067-00047982-00048576 to have already seen his plan Deliver Us From The Domain of sin when he comes after all
qeUciUULpFY-00068-00048708-00049458 in the ugly head and rage of the ugly head God will not cut off guard awful drama sin means the
qeUciUULpFY-00069-00049458-00050076 three is a message the story of Grace the story of Salvation the story of good things it's like
qeUciUULpFY-00070-00050076-00050454 it talks about the story of Jesus Christ and the story of Jesus Christ is the story of Grace
qeUciUULpFY-00071-00050454-00050904 because Jesus Christ died on Christ for all our sins that the world has done in the world
qeUciUULpFY-00072-00050904-00051390 it's for you and me in a place that you will get the 300 message in Revelation
qeUciUULpFY-00073-00051390-00051984 14 6 to 12. is the three answering messages another thing the 300 message
qeUciUULpFY-00074-00052044-00052517 is a story of Grace because another thing It prepares us for the time of trouble it helps us
qeUciUULpFY-00075-00052517-00053088 it keeps us straight in God in a time of trouble it will help us like in the time a Trouble Comes
qeUciUULpFY-00076-00053088-00053622 people will fall away from Christ it'll make you stand front of Christ that's all he comes
qeUciUULpFY-00077-00053622-00054179 Tuesday the story of Grace last summer Wednesday into the world into World means to go to beach
qeUciUULpFY-00078-00054179-00055026 Family Vision 14 was six means what Revelation 14 again what is the extended Proclaim of their
qeUciUULpFY-00079-00055026-00055548 blessing gospel and answer important to us our mission of calling Church These Eyes
qeUciUULpFY-00080-00055548-00056046 people in the church we have to go and pre-save blessing gospel to everyone the man is preached
qeUciUULpFY-00081-00056046-00056562 to everyone means and everything we have to means according to Urgent and time message we
qeUciUULpFY-00082-00056562-00056928 have these three instruments of gospel it's for everyone that means we have to go to peace to
qeUciUULpFY-00083-00056928-00057612 every language every time every people any kind of religion the things you must have a god of God me
qeUciUULpFY-00084-00057732-00058529 what person it is it doesn't matter what religion it is we have to preach their blessing to God to
qeUciUULpFY-00085-00058529-00059178 anyone even our enemies we have to preach that last number of God Wednesday into all into all
qeUciUULpFY-00086-00059178-00060017 into all the world Thursday lesson the mission moment means us our Seventh-day Adventist Church
qeUciUULpFY-00087-00060017-00060564 going off to the world to preach to everyone there lasting gospel who lives on Earth means
qeUciUULpFY-00088-00060564-00061014 preaching Everlasting gospel to everyone who lives on Earth means people who live on earth
qeUciUULpFY-00089-00061014-00061548 people who are alive people who are like us means we have to preserve last in gospel that we see in
qeUciUULpFY-00090-00061548-00062286 Revelation 14 6 verse 6 to 12. to them for them understand it for them to be stir firm in in Jesus
qeUciUULpFY-00091-00062286-00062862 Christ and that is our mission the mission our mission is to preach to the world about Jesus for
qeUciUULpFY-00092-00062862-00063636 for him when he comes the 300 message is gonna be fulfilled for everyone to know who is what is the
qeUciUULpFY-00093-00063636-00064488 things Thursday the mission momentum Friday Friday mostly talks about Wednesday going into the world
qeUciUULpFY-00094-00064488-00065022 it means Fridays mostly teaches you and makes you understand going through it means going towards
qeUciUULpFY-00095-00065022-00065724 appreciate everyone on Earth about the Everlasting gospel means us as Seventh-Day Adventists about
qeUciUULpFY-00096-00065724-00066246 Wednesday it makes us really go to preach to everyone I mean it's preaching to every person
qeUciUULpFY-00097-00066246-00066858 like people who are you you people people who are sick to everyone on there and whiz that is mostly
qeUciUULpFY-00098-00066858-00067338 about Wednesday Friday talks about Wednesday it makes you understand Wednesday and I encourage you
qeUciUULpFY-00099-00067338-00068124 all to read Friday Friday and I encourage you you I encourage you to make your sons and daughters
qeUciUULpFY-00100-00068220-00069048 watch this video and make them understand it now and relaxing god listen to me Everlasting lost me
qeUciUULpFY-00101-00069102-00069702 memory text Revelation 4 6 and let's do a short prayer thank you Father I have for everything
qeUciUULpFY-00102-00069702-00070164 we've done for us but thank you for that go to school and we thank you for that ain't that
qeUciUULpFY-00103-00070164-00070608 answer the church I'm blessed I was watching and send the Holy Spirit everyone's been watching you
qeUciUULpFY-00104-00070608-00071262 make them understand this lesson and bless me for doing this and we pray Indonesia spicy for
qeUciUULpFY-00105-00071262-00071958 your email Amen bye see you on the next one I encourage you to make your your sons and
qeUciUULpFY-00106-00071958-00072528 daughters watch the video to understand this about Jesus Christ and their Everlasting gospel bye
qeUciUULpFY-00107-00073104-00073350 thank you
qeUciUULpFY-00108-00073350-00073394 [Music]
qhun6AP-i1y-00000-00000000-00000702 hello everyone welcome to my Channel today we find the borders of India I hope you guys enjoyed my
qhun6AP-i1y-00001-00000702-00001458 content like And subscribe for more content let's find the borders of India let's start with China
qhun6AP-i1y-00002-00001560-00002094 Afghanistan which is according only to India Pakistan
qhun6AP-i1y-00003-00002520-00003006 Nepal Myanmar Bangladesh
qhun6AP-i1y-00004-00003329-00003779 I hope you guys enjoyed my content like And subscribe for more content
qhun6AP-i1y-00005-00003852-00004140 I will see you in the next video peace
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00000-00001450-00001926 Come and fly away with me Come and fly away with me-e-e-e-e
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00001-00001926-00002794 Come and fly away with me Co-co-come and fly away with me-e-e-e-e-e-eCome
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00002-00002794-00003126 and fly away with me Come and fly away with me-e-e-e-e
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00003-00003126-00003226 Come and fly away with me Co-co-come and fly away with me-e-e-e-e-e-eDon't
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00004-00003226-00003326 you be afraid Everything will change
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00005-00003326-00003426 You and I Jumping of the edge
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00006-00003426-00003547 They say dreamers never dieSo, come and fly Come and fly
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00007-00003547-00003647 Come and fly away with me We're rising, we're falling
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00008-00003647-00003747 We'll make it through We're climbing, we're soaring
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00009-00003747-00003847 A thousand viewsWe're rising, we're falling We'll make it through
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00010-00003847-00003947 We're climbing, we're soaring A thousand viewsSomewhere by the end we'll
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00011-00003947-00004681 see Where the moon and water meet
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00012-00004681-00007663 Somewhere close to harmony When the world is sound asleepSomething's
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00013-00007663-00010644 gonna bring a change Journeys we are meant to take
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00015-00013923-00016011 Don't you be afraid Everything will change
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00016-00016011-00017815 You and I Jumping of the edge
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00017-00017815-00017916 They say dreamers never dieSo, come and fly Come and fly
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00018-00017916-00018016 Come and fly away with meWe're rising, we're falling
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00019-00018016-00018116 We'll make it through We're climbing, we're soaring
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00020-00018116-00018216 A thousand viewsWe're rising, we're falling We'll make it through
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00021-00018216-00018316 We're climbing, we're soaring A thousand viewsCome and fly away
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00022-00018316-00018416 Come and Come and fly away
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00023-00018416-00018516 Come and fly away with meCome and fly away Come and
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00024-00018516-00018616 Come and fly away Come and fly away with meSomething's gonna
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00025-00018616-00018716 bring a change Journeys we are meant to take
qiM-hJF3Bmc-00026-00018716-00018717 Something at the edge of space Calling us to fly away
qjNaKDlqtsY-00000-00000770-00001202 I am MG Keenan commander of united states army public opinion
qjNaKDlqtsY-00001-00001202-00001358 april second dictate
qjNaKDlqtsY-00002-00001358-00001549 is national public health week
qjNaKDlqtsY-00003-00001549-00001905 public health is a term we've all heard that because army public health types of
qjNaKDlqtsY-00004-00001905-00002147 so many aspects of our community life
qjNaKDlqtsY-00005-00002147-00002458 it's not a term that can be defined in the senate turkey
qjNaKDlqtsY-00006-00002458-00002801 act out of the many ways that the soldiers and civilians of the army
qjNaKDlqtsY-00007-00002801-00003083 public alchemy and service and support you
qjNaKDlqtsY-00008-00003083-00003256 in a nutshell that's our mission
qjNaKDlqtsY-00009-00003256-00003631 protecting the health of the soldiers every terry's the family members and the
qjNaKDlqtsY-00010-00003631-00003870 serbians that make up our army
qjNaKDlqtsY-00011-00003870-00004293 the army public health command has positions nurses veterinary ends
qjNaKDlqtsY-00012-00004293-00004500 industrial hygienist
qjNaKDlqtsY-00013-00004500-00004951 engineers and other specialist in more than sixty scientific disciplines
qjNaKDlqtsY-00014-00004951-00005155 they work all over the world
qjNaKDlqtsY-00015-00005155-00005404 making sure the people in army communities
qjNaKDlqtsY-00016-00005404-00005789 have the tools to keep themselves and it workplace itself
qjNaKDlqtsY-00017-00005789-00006018 here just a few examples but what i mean
qjNaKDlqtsY-00018-00006018-00006329 if you look on army installation army public alchemy
qjNaKDlqtsY-00019-00006329-00006615 helps ensure intriguing mourners here
qjNaKDlqtsY-00020-00006615-00007194 if you shop in the commissary carpet inspectors make sure that the device a
qjNaKDlqtsY-00021-00007194-00007418 if they're doing p team with you again
qjNaKDlqtsY-00022-00007418-00007500 we have
qjNaKDlqtsY-00023-00007500-00007893 develop physical fitness standards that minimize injuries and maximize strength
qjNaKDlqtsY-00024-00007893-00008084 and endurance
qjNaKDlqtsY-00025-00008084-00008265 it the ever deployed
qjNaKDlqtsY-00026-00008265-00008617 europe redeployment medical for everything was provided to your unit by
qjNaKDlqtsY-00027-00008617-00008892 the army public company
qjNaKDlqtsY-00028-00008892-00009322 if u unit was ever first at a new deployment location it's likely that we
qjNaKDlqtsY-00029-00009322-00009775 checked the environmental industrial conditions before you got there
qjNaKDlqtsY-00030-00009775-00010312 if you carry army ask care escort card no myspace in your pocket
qjNaKDlqtsY-00031-00010312-00010900 that card in the training behind it was developed by the army public alchemy
qjNaKDlqtsY-00032-00010900-00011295 if you're expecting a baby or just had her baby are pregnancy postpartum
qjNaKDlqtsY-00033-00011295-00011517 physical training program
qjNaKDlqtsY-00034-00011517-00011632 fills your help
qjNaKDlqtsY-00035-00011632-00012012 and your baby's insists you're covering your fitness
qjNaKDlqtsY-00036-00012012-00012377 if you want to lose weight after the baby comes are for retention better
qjNaKDlqtsY-00037-00012377-00012811 health for just to look good we cannot give you that too
qjNaKDlqtsY-00038-00012811-00013154 public health command of the final part of army medicine
qjNaKDlqtsY-00039-00013154-00013406 if you see a dat health provider
qjNaKDlqtsY-00040-00013406-00013937 you spend about a every two hundred minutes here with them over five visits
qjNaKDlqtsY-00041-00013937-00014209 the potential for healthy activity
qjNaKDlqtsY-00042-00014209-00014334 eating well
qjNaKDlqtsY-00043-00014334-00014796 exercising sleeping enough for example occur in the other five hundred and
qjNaKDlqtsY-00044-00014796-00015144 twenty five thousand five hundred minutes of the year
qjNaKDlqtsY-00045-00015144-00015637 our surgeon general general patty koro calls that time the white-space
qjNaKDlqtsY-00046-00015637-00015990 army public health commands all about helping you build and sustain good
qjNaKDlqtsY-00047-00015990-00016057 health
qjNaKDlqtsY-00048-00016057-00016218 in the flight
qjNaKDlqtsY-00049-00016218-00016475 we believe in preventing disease and injury
qjNaKDlqtsY-00050-00016475-00016903 do education health promotion and other initiatives we want to empower you to
qjNaKDlqtsY-00051-00016903-00017193 take control of your help
qjNaKDlqtsY-00052-00017193-00017482 because prevention and carmen a better for you
qjNaKDlqtsY-00053-00017482-00017797 better for you know and better for those who love you
qjNaKDlqtsY-00054-00017797-00018180 as a soldier army spells and a proud army mom
qjNaKDlqtsY-00055-00018180-00018468 health and wellness of what i want for my family
qjNaKDlqtsY-00056-00018468-00018863 and that's what we want for you america's sons and daughters
qjNaKDlqtsY-00057-00018863-00019114 serving be hill honor to serve
qjNaKDlqtsY-00058-00019114-00019420 that's true during public health week and every day of the year
qkckD-SxQ0y-00000-00003644-00003844 Hello friends
qkckD-SxQ0y-00001-00004050-00004250 I made this video about my mom
qkckD-SxQ0y-00002-00004709-00004909 Mom is 72 years old this year
qkckD-SxQ0y-00003-00005485-00005685 there are times when you are sick
qkckD-SxQ0y-00004-00005905-00006105 I will capture those moments
qkckD-SxQ0y-00005-00006692-00006892 I have to help my mom walk
qkckD-SxQ0y-00006-00008525-00008725 Mom has a lot of problems
qkckD-SxQ0y-00007-00010722-00010922 can't move on its own
qkckD-SxQ0y-00008-00013297-00013497 It's hard to eat and drink
qkckD-SxQ0y-00009-00017699-00017899 mom screams
qkckD-SxQ0y-00010-00021589-00021789 give mom medicine
qkckD-SxQ0y-00011-00026208-00026408 pain all over the legs and arms
qkckD-SxQ0y-00012-00028639-00028839 I'll have to give it to my mother
qkckD-SxQ0y-00013-00031777-00031977 The doctor will take measures to treat
qkckD-SxQ0y-00014-00035107-00035307 Me and my mom are in the hospital
qkckD-SxQ0y-00015-00042394-00042594 doctor is treating
qkckD-SxQ0y-00016-00043189-00043389 there are many other patients in the same room
qkckD-SxQ0y-00017-00043924-00044124 treatment time out
qkckD-SxQ0y-00018-00045213-00045413 back home
qkckD-SxQ0y-00019-00046112-00046312 1 week in the hospital is quite tiring
qkckD-SxQ0y-00020-00052889-00053089 My mother has polyarthritis
qkckD-SxQ0y-00021-00058032-00058232 Now my mother has recovered and is back to normal activities
qkckD-SxQ0y-00022-00059193-00059393 please stop the video
qkckD-SxQ0y-00023-00059753-00059953 Wishing you good health and much joy in life
qkckD-SxQ0y-00024-00060071-00060271 Those who still have a mother, do everything to make her happy and healthy
qkckD-SxQ0y-00025-00060932-00061132 goodbye
qmbnvD_pIT8-00000-00000000-00000289 [MUSIC PLAYING]
qmbnvD_pIT8-00001-00000430-00000543 RICARDO CABELLO: All right.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00002-00000543-00000695 Hello all.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00003-00000695-00000846 Thank you for coming to this session.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00004-00000846-00001169 I hope you have a good conference.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00005-00001169-00001500 Before we start, we are going to share lots of links.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00006-00001500-00001855 But don't worry - you'll find them on the YouTube page
qmbnvD_pIT8-00007-00001855-00002094 whenever this footage goes up.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00008-00002094-00002144 GOOD.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00009-00002144-00002315 Let's get started.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00010-00002315-00002405 My name is Ricardo.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00011-00002405-00002645 And together with Corentin, I'm going to
qmbnvD_pIT8-00012-00002645-00002845 talk about the future via graphics
qmbnvD_pIT8-00013-00002845-00002993 on the web.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00014-00002993-00003250 But before we do that, let's take a quick look
qmbnvD_pIT8-00015-00003250-00003534 at the past and present.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00016-00003534-00003982 WebGL landed on the browser in February 2011.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00017-00003982-00004495 It was in Chrome 9 and Firefox 4.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00018-00004495-00004945 Those browsers were the first to implement.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00019-00004945-00005213 Back then, with Google's Creative Labs,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00020-00005213-00005482 we created interactive music videos
qmbnvD_pIT8-00021-00005482-00005785 that aimed to showcase the new power that technology
qmbnvD_pIT8-00022-00005785-00006093 brings to the web.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00023-00006093-00006444 It's a pretty big project between a creator, director,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00024-00006444-00006738 concept artist, animator.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00025-00006738-00007227 About 100 people worked on the project for half the year,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00026-00007227-00007697 and 10 of us were JavaScript graphics developers.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00027-00007697-00007988 We know the workflows and tools are very different compared
qmbnvD_pIT8-00028-00007988-00008292 to traditional web development.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00029-00008292-00008507 So we also created an open source project
qmbnvD_pIT8-00030-00008507-00008934 for other people to use as a reference.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00031-00008934-00009354 A few years later, Internet Explorer and Edge and Safari
qmbnvD_pIT8-00032-00009354-00009624 implemented WebGL too, which means
qmbnvD_pIT8-00033-00009624-00010089 that today the same experience works across all major browsers,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00034-00010089-00010413 on desktops, and tablets, and on mobile.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00035-00010413-00010617 What I found most remarkable was the fact
qmbnvD_pIT8-00036-00010617-00011091 that we didn't have to change the code for that to happen.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00037-00011091-00011349 Anyone with experience doing graphics programming
qmbnvD_pIT8-00038-00011349-00011659 knows that this is rare.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00039-00011659-00012132 Usually we have to recompile the project files every few years
qmbnvD_pIT8-00040-00012132-00012495 when an update operating system or a new device comes up.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00041-00012778-00013116 So here's a quick recap-- just double-checking.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00042-00013116-00013603 WebGL is a JavaScript API that provides binding to OpenGL.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00043-00013603-00014161 This allows web developers to take advantage of the user's graphics card
qmbnvD_pIT8-00044-00014161-00014383 to create efficient and performance
qmbnvD_pIT8-00045-00014383-00014668 graphics on the web.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00046-00014668-00015022 It's a low-level API, which means it's very powerful,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00047-00015022-00015208 but it's also very verbose.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00048-00015208-00015661 For example, the main primitive graphics card is a triangle.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00049-00015661-00015907 Everything is done with the triangle.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00050-00015907-00016188 This is the code that we will need to write sequentially
qmbnvD_pIT8-00051-00016188-00016502 to display only one triangle.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00052-00016502-00016813 First, we need to create a canvas element.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00053-00016813-00017302 Then with JavaScript, we get the context of that canvas.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00054-00017302-00017602 And then, things got really complicated pretty fast.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00055-00017602-00017815 After specifying a position for each node,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00056-00017815-00018097 we have to add it to the buffer, send it to the GPU,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00057-00018097-00018378 then connect those nodes and the fragment shader.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00058-00018378-00018627 Compile the program that will be used
qmbnvD_pIT8-00059-00018627-00019050 to inform the graphics card how to fill these pixels.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00060-00019050-00019442 So that's why many of us started
qmbnvD_pIT8-00061-00019442-00019805 creating libraries and frameworks that abstracted all
qmbnvD_pIT8-00062-00019805-00020114 that complexity out so that developers and ourselves can
qmbnvD_pIT8-00063-00020114-00020468 stay productive and focused.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00064-00020468-00020726 That library takes care of object
qmbnvD_pIT8-00065-00020726-00021104 placement in 3D space, configuration materials, loading
qmbnvD_pIT8-00066-00021104-00021539 2D and 3D Assets, sound interactions, and so on, anything
qmbnvD_pIT8-00067-00021539-00022037 to do any kind of game or application.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00068-00022037-00022380 Designing that library takes time.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00069-00022380-00022541 But over the years, people have
qmbnvD_pIT8-00070-00022541-00022827 done some very extraordinary projects with them.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00071-00022827-00023240 Let's see what people do today.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00072-00023240-00023526 So people are still doing interactive music videos.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00073-00023526-00023766 That is good.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00074-00023766-00024017 In this example, "Track" by Little Workshop
qmbnvD_pIT8-00075-00024017-00024224 not only works desktop, mobile,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00076-00024224-00024533 but it also runs on a VR Device, letting
qmbnvD_pIT8-00077-00024533-00024941 you have a look while traveling through the glowing tunnel.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00078-00025197-00025483 Another obvious use of technology is gaming.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00079-00025483-00025673 "Plume" is a wonderful game developed
qmbnvD_pIT8-00080-00025673-00026243 by a very small team and released in our last year's
qmbnvD_pIT8-00081-00026243-00026377 Christmas Experiments.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00082-00026654-00026969 The other is a web experience.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00083-00026969-00027149 In this regard, "Oat the Goat" is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00084-00027149-00027445 an interactive animated storybook
qmbnvD_pIT8-00085-00027445-00027855 designed to teach children about bullying.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00086-00027855-00028650 And the guys at Assembly used Maya to model and animate
qmbnvD_pIT8-00087-00028650-00029127 those characters and then export them to glTF via Blender.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00088-00029127-00029382 To render GIS users, they bring in
qmbnvD_pIT8-00089-00029382-00030087 like 13,000 lines of TypeScript to make it all work.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00090-00030087-00030531 And another very common use is the product configurator.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00091-00030531-00030758 The folks at Little Workshop, again,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00092-00030758-00031119 show how nice it can be to see in this demo.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00093-00031974-00032176 But that use case doesn't end there.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00094-00032176-00032331 People are doing data visualization,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00095-00032331-00032808 improving newspaper articles, virtual tours, documentaries,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00096-00032808-00032937 film promotions and much more.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00097-00032937-00033236 Like, you can check the ThreeJS website and the BabylonJS
qmbnvD_pIT8-00098-00033236-00033395 website to see more of these examples.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00099-00033725-00034017 However, we don't want to end up in a world
qmbnvD_pIT8-00100-00034017-00034381 where the only HTML elements on your page are
qmbnvD_pIT8-00101-00034381-00034766 just a heap of canvas and tech scripts.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00102-00034766-00035322 Instead, we have to find a way to combine WebGL and HTML.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00103-00035322-00035511 So the good news is that lately we
qmbnvD_pIT8-00104-00035511-00035916 've seen more and more projects and examples of web
qmbnvD_pIT8-00105-00035916-00036192 designers making use of a bit of WebGL
qmbnvD_pIT8-00106-00036192-00036432 to enhance their HTML pages.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00107-00036897-00037163 It's a site that welcomes users
qmbnvD_pIT8-00108-00037163-00037460 with beautiful, immersive images.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00109-00037460-00037655 We can interact with the 3D scene
qmbnvD_pIT8-00110-00037655-00038099 by moving the mouse around the image.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00111-00038099-00038379 But after scrolling through the pages, then we
qmbnvD_pIT8-00112-00038379-00038552 reached the traditional static layout
qmbnvD_pIT8-00113-00038552-00038822 with all the information about the product,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00114-00038822-00039218 as a traditional website usually looks like.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00115-00039218-00039413 The personal portfolio of Bertrand Candas
qmbnvD_pIT8-00116-00039413-00039799 shows a set of elements in influencing dynamic backgrounds.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00117-00039799-00040027 A little dark but okay.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00118-00040027-00040223 With JavaScript, we can find out where the
qmbnvD_pIT8-00119-00040223-00040409 elements are in.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00120-00040409-00040622 And then we can use that information
qmbnvD_pIT8-00121-00040622-00040835 to influence the physics of the simulation
qmbnvD_pIT8-00122-00040835-00041089 happening in the 3D scene in the background.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00123-00041089-00041288 But for underpowered devices we can
qmbnvD_pIT8-00124-00041288-00041648 replace those WebGL scenes with static images,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00125-00041648-00041841 and the website still works.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00126-00042071-00042259 Another interesting trend we've seen
qmbnvD_pIT8-00127-00042259-00042592 is that the website uses a distortion effect.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00128-00042592-00042916 The website for Japanese director Tao Tajima,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00129-00042916-00043126 was amazing to use.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00130-00043424-00043777 However, the content is actually plain HTML and selectable.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00131-00043777-00044012 So this is surprising because, as you know,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00132-00044012-00044350 we can't do this kind of effect with CSS.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00133-00044350-00044820 So if we look at it again, what I believe they are doing
qmbnvD_pIT8-00134-00044820-00045090 whether they have DOM elements they
qmbnvD_pIT8-00135-00045090-00045354 copy the pixels of all those elements
qmbnvD_pIT8-00136-00045354-00045639 to the WebGL canvas background.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00137-00045639-00046026 Then they have the DOM elements that they apply the distortion to.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00138-00046026-00046170 They do the final transition,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00139-00046170-00046350 and they put the next DOM on top.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00140-00046350-00046602 So it's still something you can toggle on and off
qmbnvD_pIT8-00141-00046602-00046896 depending on if it's something else - it works on mobile, a
qmbnvD_pIT8-00142-00046896-00047190 few other things, but something you could progressively
qmbnvD_pIT8-00143-00047190-00047316 improve on basically.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00144-00047856-00048145 One more example to quote for this
qmbnvD_pIT8-00145-00048145-00048474 that applies a distortion effect over HTML
qmbnvD_pIT8-00146-00048474-00048982 to basically make the layout file look very fluid.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00147-00048982-00049191 Then again, this is something that is surprising
qmbnvD_pIT8-00148-00049191-00049589 because it will not be possible with CSS.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00149-00049589-00049813 So I think that's all great examples
qmbnvD_pIT8-00150-00049813-00050128 of the kind of results you can get by mixing HTML and WebGL.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00151-00050635-00051045 But it still requires developers to dive
qmbnvD_pIT8-00152-00051045-00051112 into JavaScript.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00153-00051112-00051325 And that, as we know, can be a little tedious
qmbnvD_pIT8-00154-00051325-00051632 to connect all the pieces together.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00155-00051632-00052075 If you're more familiar with React, this new library
qmbnvD_pIT8-00156-00052076-00052447 by Paul Henschel could be a great choice for you.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00157-00052447-00052682 React Three Fiber blends the React concept
qmbnvD_pIT8-00158-00052682-00052875 on top of previous abstractions.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00159-00052875-00053461 So here's the code for the animation we just looked at.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00160-00053713-00054046 Notice how previously the Component-
qmbnvD_pIT8-00161-00054046-00054409 defined Effects and Content stack onto the canvas.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00162-00054409-00054688 It makes the code more reusable and easier
qmbnvD_pIT8-00163-00054688-00054903 to maintain.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00164-00054903-00055301 However, I think we can keep it simple.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00165-00055301-00055503 And Web Parts--
qmbnvD_pIT8-00166-00055503-00055701 I believe Web Components will allow
qmbnvD_pIT8-00167-00055701-00056066 us to finally bring all the power of WebGL
qmbnvD_pIT8-00168-00056066-00056289 straight to the HTML layer.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00169-00056289-00056823 We can now encapsulate all those effects in custom compost
qmbnvD_pIT8-00170-00056823-00057191 elements and hide all the complexity of the code.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00171-00057191-00057549 So an example here is another project
qmbnvD_pIT8-00172-00057549-00057963 we did for WebGL launched eight years ago.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00173-00057963-00058184 It's kind of like a globe platform.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00174-00058184-00058566 It is a project that allows JavaScript developers
qmbnvD_pIT8-00175-00058566-00058877 to visualize different data placed on a globe.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00176-00058877-00058986 You will have a library.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00177-00058986-00059460 You own your data, then you have to use a different one -
qmbnvD_pIT8-00178-00059460-00059733 manage the different parts here of the data to display.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00179-00060048-00060291 But even if we try to hide the WebGL code, the
qmbnvD_pIT8-00180-00060291-00060644 developer still has to write custom JavaScript
qmbnvD_pIT8-00181-00060644-00060950 to load data and configure the globe
qmbnvD_pIT8-00182-00060950-00061109 and add it to the DOM.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00183-00061109-00061277 And the worst part is that the developers
qmbnvD_pIT8-00184-00061277-00061571 still have to handle the object's
qmbnvD_pIT8-00185-00061571-00061757 DOM positioning and resizing.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00186-00061757-00062266 And it's hard to combine with regular HTML pages.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00187-00062266-00062621 So today, with Web Parts, we can simplify all the code.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00188-00062621-00062797 We use those two lines.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00189-00062797-00063140 Developers only need to include JavaScript libraries
qmbnvD_pIT8-00190-00063140-00063329 on their website.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00191-00063329-00063615 And powerful elemental costumes are now
qmbnvD_pIT8-00192-00063615-00064150 available to place whenever they need them in the DOM.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00193-00064150-00064657 Not only that, but at that time,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00194-00064657-00065053 by duplicating their rows could have multiple globes.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00195-00065053-00065315 Previously, they had to do a duplicate of all the code,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00196-00065315-00065889 and it would be, again, more difficult, more code to read and parse.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00197-00065889-00066113 A component is ready to use,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00198-00066113-00066290 which was not ready before.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00199-00066290-00066560 This one, the model viewer, is ready.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00200-00066843-00067108 And for this one, basically, we want to do that.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00201-00067108-00067401 The problem is displaying 3D models on the web is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00202-00067401-00067653 still quite difficult.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00203-00067653-00067963 So we really wanted to make it as
qmbnvD_pIT8-00204-00067963-00068224 simple as embedding an image on your page,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00205-00068224-00068482 as simple as adding an image tag.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00206-00068482-00068873 So that's the main goal.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00207-00068873-00069015 For this one, again, the developer
qmbnvD_pIT8-00208-00069015-00069204 only needs to include the JavaScript library.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00209-00069509-00069755 And then the custom strong elements are
qmbnvD_pIT8-00210-00069755-00070046 ready to render like any other 3D model
qmbnvD_pIT8-00211-00070046-00070477 when using open standard glTF.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00212-00070477-00070821 An important feature of HTML Text is accessibility.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00213-00070821-00071059 For short vision and blind users, we
qmbnvD_pIT8-00214-00071059-00071356 try to inform them in both the 3D
qmbnvD_pIT8-00215-00071356-00071743 model what the 3D model is and also the orientation
qmbnvD_pIT8-00216-00071743-00071863 of the model.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00217-00071863-00072142 Here you can see the angular scene being verbally
qmbnvD_pIT8-00218-00072142-00072382 communicated to the user so they can be
qmbnvD_pIT8-00219-00072382-00072577 oriented to what is going on.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00220-00072577-00072949 And also the instructions for how to control the
qmbnvD_pIT8-00221-00072949-00073057 model with the keyboard.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00222-00073057-00073651 And I looked out back at the rest of the page.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00223-00073651-00074270 Model-viewer also supports AR, Augmented Reality.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00224-00074270-00074534 And you can see how that is actually being
qmbnvD_pIT8-00225-00074534-00074851 used on the NASA website.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00226-00074851-00075230 So use by adding AR Attributes can make
qmbnvD_pIT8-00227-00075230-00075391 to show icon, and it will be
qmbnvD_pIT8-00228-00075391-00075866 able to launch AR viewer for Android and iOS.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00229-00075866-00076140 For iOS, you have to include the USCC file.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00230-00076610-00076963 And finally, while building the components,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00231-00076963-00077233 we realized that depending on the device
qmbnvD_pIT8-00232-00077233-00077612 you should only have a maximum of eight WebGL contexts at once.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00233-00077612-00078049 So if you create a new one, the former disappears.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00234-00078049-00078407 This is actually like the famous limitation of WebGL.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00235-00078407-00078604 But it's also great to practice
qmbnvD_pIT8-00236-00078604-00079024 having only one context to keep the memories in one place.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00237-00079024-00079213 The best solution we've found for this
qmbnvD_pIT8-00238-00079213-00079620 is to create a single WebGL Context from the screen.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00239-00079620-00079766 So it's like [UNAUDIBLE].
qmbnvD_pIT8-00240-00079766-00079975 And then we use that one to render
qmbnvD_pIT8-00241-00079975-00080332 all the model-viewer elements on the page.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00242-00080332-00080617 We also take advantage of IntersectionObserver
qmbnvD_pIT8-00243-00080617-00080776 to make sure we don't render
qmbnvD_pIT8-00244-00080776-00080989 objects that are not visible.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00245-00080989-00081412 And also ResizeObserver whenever it detects the developer
qmbnvD_pIT8-00246-00081412-00081926 is resizing, we re- render it if necessary.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00247-00081926-00082107 But we all know how the web is.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00248-00082107-00082245 Sooner than later someone we want
qmbnvD_pIT8-00249-00082245-00082596 to display hundreds of these components at once.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00250-00082596-00082758 And that's great.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00251-00082758-00082915 We want to allow it.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00252-00082915-00083127 But for that, we will need to make sure
qmbnvD_pIT8-00253-00083127-00083473 that the underlying API is as efficient as possible.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00254-00083473-00083661 So for that, now Corentin is gone
qmbnvD_pIT8-00255-00083661-00083948 to share with us what is coming in the future.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00256-00083948-00084013 thanks.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00257-00084013-00084185 [ APPEAL ]
qmbnvD_pIT8-00258-00084185-00084269 CORENTIN WALLEZ: Okay.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00259-00084269-00084387 Thanks, Ricardo.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00260-00084387-00084542 It's an amazing display of what is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00261-00084542-00084799 possible on the web using GPUs today.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00262-00084799-00084962 So now I'm going to give a little bit what
qmbnvD_pIT8-00263-00084962-00085158 comes next in the future where you'll be
qmbnvD_pIT8-00264-00085158-00085511 able to extract even more computing power from GPUs
qmbnvD_pIT8-00265-00085511-00085701 on the web.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00266-00085701-00085776 So hey, everyone.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00267-00085776-00085907 I'm Corentin Wallez.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00268-00085907-00086148 And for the last two years at Google,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00269-00086148-00086372 I've been working on an emerging web standard called
qmbnvD_pIT8-00270-00086372-00086954 WebGPU that works with all major browsers on the W3C.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00271-00086954-00087293 So WebGPU is a new API that's the successor to WebGL.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00272-00087293-00087849 And that will unlock the potential of GPUs on the web.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00273-00087849-00088103 So now you're going to ask, Corentin, we already
qmbnvD_pIT8-00274-00088103-00088472 have WebGL, so why are you building a new API?
qmbnvD_pIT8-00275-00088472-00088667 A high degree of reason for this is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00276-00088667-00088985 the basis of WebGL's understanding of GPUs
qmbnvD_pIT8-00277-00088985-00089219 as they did 12 years ago.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00278-00089219-00089562 And in 12 years, hardware GPUs have evolved.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00279-00089562-00089918 But also the way we use it GPU hardware has evolved.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00280-00089918-00090200 So there's a new generation of GPU APIs
qmbnvD_pIT8-00281-00090200-00090638 in native ones - for example, Vulkan which helps do more with GPUs.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00282-00090638-00090950 And WebGPU was made to close the gap with what's
qmbnvD_pIT8-00283-00090950-00091181 possible in today's natives.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00284-00091181-00091478 So it will improve what is possible on the web for game
qmbnvD_pIT8-00285-00091478-00091649 developers, but not only, it will also
qmbnvD_pIT8-00286-00091649-00091868 improve what you can do in visualization,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00287-00091868-00092174 in application-heavy design for machine
qmbnvD_pIT8-00288-00092174-00092405 learning practitioners and much more.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00289-00092405-00092564 So for the rest of the session, I'm going to
qmbnvD_pIT8-00290-00092564-00092885 go through the specifics of
qmbnvD_pIT8-00291-00092885-00093308 how WebGPU WebGL improves and show you how it will
qmbnvD_pIT8-00292-00093308-00093674 help build a better experience.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00293-00093674-00094127 So first, WebGPU is still API level low and wordy
qmbnvD_pIT8-00294-00094127-00094357 so you can adjust the usage on which
qmbnvD_pIT8-00295-00094357-00094677 GPU for what your application needs.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00296-00094677-00094943 This triangle Ricardo just pointed out.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00297-00094943-00095210 And as a reminder, here is the code
qmbnvD_pIT8-00298-00095210-00095432 for creating that triangle in WebGL.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00299-00095432-00095867 Now, this is the minimum WebGPU code
qmbnvD_pIT8-00300-00095867-00096083 to create the same triangle.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00301-00096083-00096305 As we can see, the complexity is similar to WebGL.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00302-00096305-00096656 But you don't have to worry about that because if you are
qmbnvD_pIT8-00303-00096656-00096932 using a framework, like Three or Babylon,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00304-00096932-00097388 then you will get transparent benefits for free
qmbnvD_pIT8-00305-00097388-00097707 when the framework updates to support WebGPU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00306-00097707-00098135 So the first limitation that the WebGL Framework reaches
qmbnvD_pIT8-00307-00098135-00098345 is the number of elements or objects
qmbnvD_pIT8-00308-00098345-00098582 that can draw each frame because each drawing
qmbnvD_pIT8-00309-00098582-00098966 command has a fixed cost and needs to be done individually for
qmbnvD_pIT8-00310-00098966-00099153 each frame.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00311-00099153-00099359 So with WebGL, an optimized application
qmbnvD_pIT8-00312-00099359-00099648 can perform a maximum of 1,000 objects per frame.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00313-00099648-00099824 And that kind of pushed him.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00314-00099824-00100226 Because if you want to target a variety of mobile devices
qmbnvD_pIT8-00315-00100226-00100472 and desktop devices, you may need
qmbnvD_pIT8-00316-00100472-00100589 to go lower than this.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00317-00100845-00101144 So this is a photo from the living room.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00318-00101144-00101263 It is not rendered.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00319-00101263-00101351 That's an actual photo.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00320-00101351-00101579 But the idea is that it's very stylish,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00321-00101579-00101765 but feels empty and cold.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00322-00101765-00101913 Nobody lives there.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00323-00101913-00102071 And this is sometimes what it's like to
qmbnvD_pIT8-00324-00102071-00102320 look at the WebGL experiences because they
qmbnvD_pIT8-00325-00102320-00102554 can reduce complexity.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00326-00102554-00102923 By comparison, game developers in the native or on the console are
qmbnvD_pIT8-00327-00102923-00103247 used to, I don't know, maybe 10,000 objects per frame
qmbnvD_pIT8-00328-00103247-00103347 if they need to.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00329-00103347-00103577 And so they can build richer, more complex,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00330-00103577-00103781 more vibrant experiences.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00331-00103781-00103994 And this is a very big difference.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00332-00103994-00104308 Even with its limitations in the number of objects,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00333-00104308-00104555 WebGL Developers have been able to build amazing things.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00334-00104556-00104741 And imagine what they could do if they
qmbnvD_pIT8-00335-00104741-00105156 could make this many objects.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00336-00105156-00105545 So BabylonJS is another very popular 3D JavaScript
qmbnvD_pIT8-00337-00105545-00105629 framework.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00338-00105629-00105836 And just last month, when they heard
qmbnvD_pIT8-00339-00105836-00106050 we started implementing WebGPU, they were like,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00340-00106050-00106466 hey, can we get it, can we get WebGPU now?
qmbnvD_pIT8-00341-00106466-00106585 And we were like, no.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00342-00106585-00106691 It's not ready yet.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00343-00106691-00106970 It's not in Chrome, but here are custom builds.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00344-00106970-00107342 And my demo will show you what they came back
qmbnvD_pIT8-00345-00107342-00107558 to us just two days ago.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00346-00107558-00107940 So can we move on to the demo please?
qmbnvD_pIT8-00347-00107940-00108320 All right, so it's tricky to render the scene with WebGL.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00348-00108320-00108581 And it tries to emulate a more complete game
qmbnvD_pIT8-00349-00108581-00108879 would do if each object were drawn independently
qmbnvD_pIT8-00350-00108879-00108971 and slightly differently.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00351-00108971-00109289 So it doesn't look like that, but all the trees and rocks and all of
qmbnvD_pIT8-00352-00109289-00109475 them are independent objects
qmbnvD_pIT8-00353-00109475-00109767 and they can be different objects.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00354-00109767-00110085 So in the top right corner, there is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00355-00110085-00110185 the performance figure.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00356-00110185-00110441 And we can see it when we zoom out and we see more and more
qmbnvD_pIT8-00357-00110441-00110781 performance objects starting to drop dramatically.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00358-00110781-00111119 And that's because of the relatively high fixed cost of
qmbnvD_pIT8-00359-00111119-00111416 drawing each object, sending the command
qmbnvD_pIT8-00360-00111416-00111608 drawing each object.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00361-00111608-00111890 And so the bottleneck here isn't the GPU power
qmbnvD_pIT8-00362-00111890-00112106 in this machine or anything like that.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00363-00112106-00112421 It's just JavaScript iterating through each object
qmbnvD_pIT8-00364-00112421-00112695 and sending commands.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00365-00112695-00112853 Now let's take a look at an early version
qmbnvD_pIT8-00366-00112853-00113045 of the same demo on WebGPU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00367-00113045-00113394 And keep in mind this was done in just two weeks.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00368-00113394-00113801 So when the scene is scaled down, we can
qmbnvD_pIT8-00369-00113801-00114134 see that the performance remains exactly the same,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00370-00114134-00114361 even if there are more objects to draw.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00371-00114361-00114677 And what's more, we can see that JavaScript CPU time is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00372-00114677-00114873 basically non-existent.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00373-00114873-00115183 So we can use more GPU power
qmbnvD_pIT8-00374-00115183-00115411 because we're not bottle-necked in JavaScript.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00375-00115411-00115748 And we also have more time on the CPU
qmbnvD_pIT8-00376-00115748-00116025 to run our application logic.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00377-00116025-00116174 So let's get back to the slides.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00378-00116440-00116835 What we've seen is that for this particular and early demo,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00379-00116835-00117125 WebGPU can post three times as many drawing
qmbnvD_pIT8-00380-00117125-00117352 comments as WebGL and leave room
qmbnvD_pIT8-00381-00117352-00117635 for your application logic.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00382-00117635-00118174 The main and new version of BabylonJS, BabylonJS 4.0 was
qmbnvD_pIT8-00383-00118174-00118393 released last week.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00384-00118393-00118738 And now, today, BabylonJS Developers are
qmbnvD_pIT8-00385-00118738-00118918 so excited about WebGPU that they
qmbnvD_pIT8-00386-00118918-00119385 will implement full support for the initial version of
qmbnvD_pIT8-00387-00119385-00120010 WebGPU in the next version of JS Babel JS 4.1.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00388-00120010-00120446 But WebGPU isn't just about drawing more complex things
qmbnvD_pIT8-00389-00120446-00120667 with more objects.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00390-00120667-00120932 Typical operations completed on GPUs are, say,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00391-00120932-00121107 post-processing image filters - for
qmbnvD_pIT8-00392-00121107-00121392 example, depth of field simulations.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00393-00121392-00121703 We see this all the time in cinema and photography.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00394-00121703-00121931 For example, this is a photo of a fish,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00395-00121931-00122184 we can see the fish is in focus when the background is out of
qmbnvD_pIT8-00396-00122184-00122240 focus.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00397-00122240-00122490 And this is very important because it gives us the feeling
qmbnvD_pIT8-00398-00122490-00122853 that the fish are lost in a giant environment.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00399-00122853-00123136 So effects like this are important in all types of
qmbnvD_pIT8-00400-00123136-00123449 rendering so that we can have a better cinematic experience.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00401-00123449-00123674 But it's also used in other places
qmbnvD_pIT8-00402-00123674-00123881 like camera apps.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00403-00123881-00124142 And of course, it's one kind of post-processing filter,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00404-00124142-00124391 but there are many other cases of post-processing filters,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00405-00124391-00124535 like, I don't know, color grading,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00406-00124535-00124829 image sharpening, much more.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00407-00124829-00125236 And everything can be accelerated using the GPU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00408-00125236-00125434 So for example, the image on the left
qmbnvD_pIT8-00409-00125434-00125696 could be the background behind the fish
qmbnvD_pIT8-00410-00125696-00125935 before we apply for depth of field.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00411-00125935-00126344 And on the right, we see the resulting color from those pixels.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00412-00126344-00126596 What's interesting is that the pixel color
qmbnvD_pIT8-00413-00126596-00126971 depends only on its color from the small environment
qmbnvD_pIT8-00414-00126971-00127232 in the original image, in the small environment of the pixels
qmbnvD_pIT8-00415-00127232-00127488 in the original image.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00416-00127488-00127769 So imagine that the grid on the left is the original pixel
qmbnvD_pIT8-00417-00127769-00127877 environment .
qmbnvD_pIT8-00418-00127877-00128096 We'll number it in 2D.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00419-00128096-00128468 And the resulting color will be basically a weighted average
qmbnvD_pIT8-00420-00128468-00128753 of all these pixels.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00421-00128753-00129308 Another way of looking at it is seeing that above we
qmbnvD_pIT8-00422-00129308-00129674 have an output image, and the color
qmbnvD_pIT8-00423-00129674-00130022 of each output pixel will depend on just 5
qmbnvD_pIT8-00424-00130022-00130307 with the 5 image input stencils at the bottom.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00425-00130700-00130922 The deadly feature of WebGPU, in my mind,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00426-00130922-00131198 is what we call GPU Computing.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00427-00131198-00131375 And one use case of GPU Compute is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00428-00131375-00131721 to speed up the local image filter, as we just saw.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00429-00131721-00131876 And that's how it happens to be very far
qmbnvD_pIT8-00430-00131876-00132284 from DOM manipulation, like React, or awesome web features,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00431-00132284-00132516 like course headers, so please be patient.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00432-00132516-00132831 We'll go through in three steps.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00433-00132831-00133148 First, let's look at how a GPU is an architecture
qmbnvD_pIT8-00434-00133148-00133574 and how WebGL images are filtered using that architecture.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00435-00133574-00133778 And then we'll see how WebGPU takes better
qmbnvD_pIT8-00436-00133778-00133976 advantage of the architecture
qmbnvD_pIT8-00437-00133976-00134412 to perform the same image filters but faster.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00438-00134412-00134743 So let's see how GPUs work, and I have one right here.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00439-00134743-00135215 So this is a package you can buy at the store.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00440-00135215-00135296 Can you see it?
qmbnvD_pIT8-00441-00135577-00135627 Yes.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00442-00135627-00135894 So this is the package you can buy at the store and an incredible
qmbnvD_pIT8-00443-00135894-00136017 heat sink.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00444-00136017-00136362 But if we look inside, there's a little chip here.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00445-00136362-00136572 And this is the real GPU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00446-00136572-00136842 So if we go back to the slide, this
qmbnvD_pIT8-00447-00136842-00137175 is what we call the die shot, which is the transistor level
qmbnvD_pIT8-00448-00137175-00137376 GPU image.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00449-00137376-00137707 And we saw a lot of repeating patterns in it.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00450-00137707-00138081 So we'll call them the execution unit.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00451-00138081-00138474 These execution units are a bit like the cores in a CPU in
qmbnvD_pIT8-00452-00138474-00138969 that they can run in parallel and process different workloads
qmbnvD_pIT8-00453-00138969-00139173 independently.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00454-00139173-00139486 If we zoom in deeper into one of these execution units,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00455-00139486-00139623 this is what we see.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00456-00139623-00139965 So we have, in the middle, a control unit
qmbnvD_pIT8-00457-00139965-00140440 which is in charge of selecting the next instruction -
qmbnvD_pIT8-00458-00140440-00140724 like, for example, on two registrations or loading something
qmbnvD_pIT8-00459-00140724-00140895 from my main memory.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00460-00140895-00141093 And once that happens choose instruction,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00461-00141093-00141360 it will send it to all ALU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00462-00141360-00141646 ALU is the Arithmetic and Logic Unit.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00463-00141646-00141895 And when they receive the instruction file, they do.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00464-00141895-00142173 So for example, if they needed to add two registers,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00465-00142173-00142410 they would look at each register
qmbnvD_pIT8-00466-00142410-00142587 and add them together.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00467-00142587-00142851 What is important to see is that a single instruction
qmbnvD_pIT8-00468-00142851-00143136 from the control unit will be executed at the same time
qmbnvD_pIT8-00469-00143136-00143385 by all ALUs, only on different data
qmbnvD_pIT8-00470-00143385-00143604 because they all have their own registers.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00471-00143604-00144176 So this is a single instruction of multiple data processing.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00472-00144176-00144370 So this is the part of the execution unit
qmbnvD_pIT8-00473-00144370-00144592 that can be accessed from WebGL.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00474-00144592-00145093 And what we're seeing is it's just not possible for ALU
qmbnvD_pIT8-00475-00145093-00145235 to talk to each other.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00476-00145235-00145586 They have no way of communicating.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00477-00145586-00145939 In practice, however, the GPU looks more like this today.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00478-00145939-00146185 There is a new shared memory area
qmbnvD_pIT8-00479-00146185-00146593 in each execution unit where the ALUs can share data
qmbnvD_pIT8-00480-00146593-00146723 with each other.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00481-00146723-00146974 So it's a bit like your memory cache in
qmbnvD_pIT8-00482-00146974-00147361 that it's a lot cheaper to access other than the main GPU
qmbnvD_pIT8-00483-00147361-00147978 memory, but you can program it directly, explicitly, and have the
qmbnvD_pIT8-00484-00147978-00148087 shared ALU there memory.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00485-00148087-00148363 So the big advantage of GPU Compute is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00486-00148363-00148663 to give developers access to that shared memory area.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00487-00148950-00149265 This is the architecture of the GPU and its execution unit.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00488-00149265-00149558 So now we'll see how image filters in WebGL
qmbnvD_pIT8-00489-00149558-00149924 map to that architecture.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00490-00149924-00150203 As a reminder, this is the algorithm
qmbnvD_pIT8-00491-00150203-00150306 we'll be looking at.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00492-00150306-00150923 And in our example, since the execution unit has 16 ALUs,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00493-00150923-00151163 we're going to count 4 by 4 blocks,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00494-00151163-00151514 which is 16 pixels, from the output in parallel.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00495-00151514-00151706 And each ALU will compute the
qmbnvD_pIT8-00496-00151706-00152105 value for one output pixel.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00497-00152105-00152621 And this is the GPU pseudo-code for WebGL filtering.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00498-00152621-00152963 And basically it's just a 2D loop on x and y
qmbnvD_pIT8-00499-00152963-00153344 that takes from the input and computes the weighted average
qmbnvD_pIT8-00500-00153344-00153584 of the input pixels.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00501-00153584-00153878 What's interesting here is that the coordinate argument
qmbnvD_pIT8-00502-00153878-00154172 for the function is rather special because it
qmbnvD_pIT8-00503-00154172-00154499 will be the initial resident for each ALU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00504-00154499-00155123 And that's what we will make each ALU execute
qmbnvD_pIT8-00505-00155123-00155315 on different data because they start to fill
qmbnvD_pIT8-00506-00155315-00155565 with different data.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00507-00155565-00156104 So this is a table for program execution.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00508-00156104-00156464 Also, we can see the coordinates are pre-filled.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00509-00156464-00156848 So each column registers for one ALU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00510-00156848-00157184 And we have 16 of them for 16 ALU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00511-00157184-00157511 So the first thing that happens is that the control unit
qmbnvD_pIT8-00512-00157511-00157670 says, hey, initialize the sum to 0.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00513-00157670-00157991 So everything initializes the sum to 0.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00514-00157991-00158357 And then we get to the first loop iteration on x,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00515-00158357-00158759 and each ALU gets its own value for x.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00516-00158759-00159335 Likewise with each ALU you get its own value for y.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00517-00159335-00159695 And now we come to the line which loads the memory
qmbnvD_pIT8-00518-00159695-00159924 of the input values.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00519-00159924-00160070 So each ALU has a different value
qmbnvD_pIT8-00520-00160070-00160322 of x and y in their registers.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00521-00160322-00160547 And each of them will do memory load
qmbnvD_pIT8-00522-00160547-00160860 to another input location.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00523-00160860-00161153 Let's take a look at this list in this ALU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00524-00161153-00161462 This will load the memory at minus 2, minus 1.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00525-00161462-00161874 We'll get back to this one.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00526-00161874-00162329 So if we go in and do another looping iteration on y,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00527-00162329-00162509 similarly, we update the y register,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00528-00162509-00162773 and we do a memory load.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00529-00162773-00162944 What's interesting is that your first
qmbnvD_pIT8-00530-00162944-00163232 ALU will do memory load at minus 2, minus 1.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00531-00163232-00163559 That's an excessive float because we already
qmbnvD_pIT8-00532-00163559-00164069 did it in the last iteration.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00533-00164069-00164276 After all, the loop keeps spinning,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00534-00164276-00164474 and there's more loading and adding up and all
qmbnvD_pIT8-00535-00164474-00164625 that happens.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00536-00164625-00164951 And in the end, we come back,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00537-00164951-00165425 and that means the sum will get returned to the output pixels
qmbnvD_pIT8-00538-00165425-00165956 and the calculation for us 4 times 4 blocks is complete.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00539-00165956-00166379 Overall, his execution of the WebGL algorithm
qmbnvD_pIT8-00540-00166379-00166898 in WebGL for 4 times 4 blocks did 400 memory loads.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00541-00166898-00167223 The reason is because we have 16 pixels and each
qmbnvD_pIT8-00542-00167223-00167273 do 25.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00543-00167609-00168115 So now, that's how filters are run in WebGL.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00544-00168115-00168391 We'll take a look at how WebGPU uses part of the memory
qmbnvD_pIT8-00545-00168391-00168623 to make it more efficient.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00546-00168623-00169072 So we took the same program as before.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00547-00169072-00169333 That's exactly the same code, and we
qmbnvD_pIT8-00548-00169333-00169504 'll optimize it by sharing memory.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00549-00169504-00169790 So we introduce a cache right away
qmbnvD_pIT8-00550-00169790-00170107 to hold all the input pixels
qmbnvD_pIT8-00551-00170107-00170468 we need to do the calculation.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00552-00170468-00170675 This cache is used in shared memory
qmbnvD_pIT8-00553-00170675-00171061 so it is cheaper to access than the actual input.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00554-00171061-00171262 It's like the global variable is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00555-00171262-00171613 inside the execution unit.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00556-00171613-00172009 Of course, we need to modify the shader file to use those input tiles.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00557-00172009-00172342 And because the input tile needs to contain a value
qmbnvD_pIT8-00558-00172342-00172702 initially, we can't just start like this.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00559-00172702-00172999 So this function will be a helper function calculating
qmbnvD_pIT8-00560-00172999-00173167 the pixel value.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00561-00173167-00173497 And we'll have that real main function file,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00562-00173497-00174187 first, complete cache, and then call compute.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00563-00174187-00174481 So like previous shader versions the
qmbnvD_pIT8-00564-00174481-00174823 coordinates are pre-populated so each
qmbnvD_pIT8-00565-00174823-00175036 of the ALUs performs a different execution.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00566-00175312-00175714 And then all the ALUs work together to fill the cache.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00567-00175714-00176068 And there are lots of loops and whatnot there,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00568-00176068-00176203 but it doesn't really matter.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00569-00176203-00176329 So I will spare you this.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00570-00176329-00176653 What's interesting to see is that only 64
qmbnvD_pIT8-00571-00176653-00176911 input pixels are loaded and cached.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00572-00176911-00177199 Nothing is excessive memory load.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00573-00177199-00177409 Then we go through the main calculations
qmbnvD_pIT8-00574-00177409-00177736 of values ​​as well.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00575-00177736-00177973 This is very similar to what happened before.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00576-00177973-00178219 But in this line, memory loads
qmbnvD_pIT8-00577-00178219-00178588 now from shared memory instead of main memory,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00578-00178588-00178820 and it's cheaper.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00579-00178820-00179082 So overall, thanks to the cache
qmbnvD_pIT8-00580-00179082-00179313 of the input tiles, the WebGPU version does
qmbnvD_pIT8-00581-00179313-00179634 n't waste main memory load.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00582-00179634-00179913 So for our 4 by 4 block, it does 64 memory load.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00583-00179913-00180268 And as we saw earlier, WebGL should do 400.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00584-00180268-00180651 So this looks pretty biased in favor of WebGPU,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00585-00180651-00181320 but in practice, things are a bit more mixed up because WebGPU is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00586-00181320-00181482 n't doing the main memory load.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00587-00181482-00181689 But that loads a lot of shared memory,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00588-00181689-00181947 and it's still not free.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00589-00181947-00182196 And also WebGL is a little more efficient than this
qmbnvD_pIT8-00590-00182196-00182512 because the GPU has a memory cache hierarchy file,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00591-00182512-00182667 and some of that memory workload
qmbnvD_pIT8-00592-00182667-00182994 will reach that cache inside the execution unit.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00593-00182994-00183240 But the point is, overall, WebGPU
qmbnvD_pIT8-00594-00183240-00183513 will be more efficient because we can explicitly
qmbnvD_pIT8-00595-00183513-00183854 cache input data.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00596-00183854-00184090 So the code that we were just talking about--
qmbnvD_pIT8-00597-00184090-00184445 in the graphics world, it's called an image filter.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00598-00184445-00184642 But if we look at the world of machine learning,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00599-00184642-00185059 it's called a convolution operator.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00600-00185059-00185257 Of all the optimizations we talk about,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00601-00185257-00185611 they also apply to Convolutional Neural Networks, also known
qmbnvD_pIT8-00602-00185611-00185806 as CNN.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00603-00185806-00186218 So the basic idea for CNN was to be introduced in the late 80s.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00604-00186218-00186571 But back then it was so expensive to train and run the
qmbnvD_pIT8-00605-00186571-00186862 models to produce the results we have today.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00606-00186862-00187147 The ML boom of the last decade is possible
qmbnvD_pIT8-00607-00187147-00187522 because CNN and other types of models
qmbnvD_pIT8-00608-00187522-00187798 can run efficiently on GPU parts thanks
qmbnvD_pIT8-00609-00187798-00188133 to the optimizations we just saw.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00610-00188133-00188304 So we are confident that the machine learning
qmbnvD_pIT8-00611-00188304-00188517 web framework as TensorFlow JS
qmbnvD_pIT8-00612-00188517-00188736 will be able to take advantage of GPUs
qmbnvD_pIT8-00613-00188736-00189231 to significantly increase the speed of their algorithms.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00614-00189231-00189573 Finally, algorithms can be very difficult to write
qmbnvD_pIT8-00615-00189573-00189666 on GPUs that use WebGL.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00616-00189666-00190159 And sometimes they are impossible to write at all.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00617-00190159-00190545 The problem is in WebGL, where the output of the computation
qmbnvD_pIT8-00618-00190545-00190827 goes really, very limited.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00619-00190827-00191142 On the other hand, the Compute GPU that WebGPU has is
qmbnvD_pIT8-00620-00191142-00191598 much more flexible because each ALU can read and write
qmbnvD_pIT8-00621-00191598-00192003 memory in any computer memory.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00622-00192003-00192267 This unlocks a completely new class of GPU algorithms
qmbnvD_pIT8-00623-00192267-00192603 from physical and particle based food simulation,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00624-00192603-00192948 as we can see here, to parallel ordering on the GPU,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00625-00192948-00193326 mesh skinning, and much more, many more algorithms that
qmbnvD_pIT8-00626-00193326-00193759 can be passed from JavaScript to the GPU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00627-00193759-00194098 So to summarize, the main benefit of a web GPU
qmbnvD_pIT8-00628-00194098-00194500 is that you can increase the complexity for a better
qmbnvD_pIT8-00629-00194500-00194677 and a more engaging experience.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00630-00194677-00195019 And this is what we have seen with BabylonJS.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00631-00195019-00195190 It provides performance improvements
qmbnvD_pIT8-00632-00195190-00195508 for scientific computing, such as machine learning.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00633-00195508-00195778 And that opens up a whole new class of algorithms
qmbnvD_pIT8-00634-00195778-00196219 that you can loose CPU Time JS to run on GPU
qmbnvD_pIT8-00635-00196219-00196420 parallel.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00636-00196420-00196748 So now you're like, hey, I'd like to give this API a try.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00637-00196748-00196843 You are lucky.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00638-00196843-00197209 WebGPU is a group effort, and everyone gets on board.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00639-00197209-00197405 Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari--
qmbnvD_pIT8-00640-00197405-00197785 they're all starting to implement APIs.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00641-00197785-00198076 Today, we're making early versions of WebGPU files
qmbnvD_pIT8-00642-00198076-00198337 available in Chrome Canary on MacOS,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00643-00198337-00198601 and other operating systems will follow soon.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00644-00198601-00198946 To try it out, all you need to do is download Chrome Canary on MacOS
qmbnvD_pIT8-00645-00198946-00199353 and enable experimental flags and a secure web GPU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00646-00199353-00199495 And again, this is an unsafe flag
qmbnvD_pIT8-00647-00199495-00199714 so please don't browse the internet with it
qmbnvD_pIT8-00648-00199714-00200035 for your daily browsing.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00649-00200035-00200432 More information about WebGPU is available at webgpu.io.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00650-00200432-00200764 So there is an implementation status.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00651-00200764-00201011 There are links to some samples and demos.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00652-00201011-00201232 Links to forums where you can discuss WebGPU.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00653-00201232-00201502 And we'll add a lot more to this with articles
qmbnvD_pIT8-00654-00201502-00201709 to start with and so on.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00655-00201709-00201979 What we like best is for you to try the API
qmbnvD_pIT8-00656-00201979-00202238 and give us feedback on what the pain points are,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00657-00202238-00202420 what you like things to do for you,
qmbnvD_pIT8-00658-00202420-00202708 but also the good stuff and what you like about it.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00659-00202708-00202999 So thank you everyone, for coming to this session.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00660-00202999-00203248 Ricardo and I will be on the Web Sandbox for the next hour
qmbnvD_pIT8-00661-00203248-00203452 or so if you'd like for further discussion.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00662-00203452-00203526 thanks.
qmbnvD_pIT8-00663-00203526-00203831 [MUSIC PLAYING]
qn5dsQpFmju-00000-00000000-00000996 to build micropython for the weact stm32f411 board first we need some dependencies
qn5dsQpFmju-00001-00000996-00002228 git gcc make gcc-arm-none-eabi libnewlib-arm-none-eabi, this one is required if you get an error
qn5dsQpFmju-00002-00002228-00002648 about a missing memory.h you probably don't have this installed
qn5dsQpFmju-00003-00002648-00003171 future distributions probably won't need to install this but in ubuntu 18.04
qn5dsQpFmju-00004-00003171-00004161 you probably do need to install this. so I already have them installed but if you have none
qn5dsQpFmju-00005-00004161-00004527 of these installed it could be about two-and-a-half to three gigabytes so
qn5dsQpFmju-00006-00004527-00004823 it's quite a large install
qn5dsQpFmju-00007-00005074-00005974 so you'll want to follow instructions in the react repository except for one
qn5dsQpFmju-00008-00005974-00006417 difference which is when you download the board definition you can download
qn5dsQpFmju-00009-00006417-00006948 weacts definition or you can download it from the repository of the original
qn5dsQpFmju-00010-00006948-00007486 author mcauser you'll probably want to just check which one is more
qn5dsQpFmju-00011-00007486-00008268 up-to-date. So start by cloning MicroPython
qn5dsQpFmju-00012-00011535-00012081 and cd into the MicroPython cross-compiler directory and make it, and
qn5dsQpFmju-00013-00012081-00012900 - j4 it's just for make to run four threads which will speed up compilation
qn5dsQpFmju-00014-00013300-00014237 once that's done go into the boards folder,  and if you want
qn5dsQpFmju-00015-00014237-00015350 to clone either weactTC definition or the mcauser definitions I'm going to use mcauser
qn5dsQpFmju-00016-00016354-00017422 and then we go up a directory,  run the make command with the name of the folder you
qn5dsQpFmju-00017-00017422-00017694 downloaded
qn5dsQpFmju-00018-00018090-00018392 then you can with 4 jobs
qn5dsQpFmju-00019-00019526-00019788 cd to the build folder
qn5dsQpFmju-00020-00020466-00021546 you'll find firmware files. the firmware generated: we have a few options with a
qn5dsQpFmju-00021-00021546-00022155 two-part binary file, hex format file, and the DFU format file and an elf format
qn5dsQpFmju-00022-00022155-00022943 file for simplicity I'm going to use just one way but there is this video by
qn5dsQpFmju-00023-00022943-00023838 0033mer which explains a few methods of uploading to the board but
qn5dsQpFmju-00024-00023838-00024363 first you need to get the file out of your WSL environment if you are using WSL
qn5dsQpFmju-00027-00027027-00027887 open stm32 cube programmer and open the firmware file generated and then you want
qn5dsQpFmju-00028-00027887-00028489 to put the board into DFU mode (or just general programming mode). In this
qn5dsQpFmju-00029-00028489-00029018 case you can program it with DFU mode by going to the USB mode in
qn5dsQpFmju-00030-00029018-00029770 STM32CubeProgrammer or you can also connect the board to a serial adapter and flash it
qn5dsQpFmju-00031-00029770-00031025 with stflash. The way to do that with this board [DFU mode] is to hold down RESET, hold down BOOT0, let go of RESET, let go of BOOT0 and you'll see the
qn5dsQpFmju-00032-00031025-00031930 board serial numbers for it then simply we want to do
qn5dsQpFmju-00033-00034711-00036444 is press download. Once the download is done press RESET and then the mass storage device where we can edit and
qn5dsQpFmju-00034-00036444-00036959 upload Python files will show up and you should also see a new serial device at
qn5dsQpFmju-00035-00036959-00037806 115200 baud and that will be the python REPL
r0c3d1XcJZY-00000-00000119-00000816 hello hello hello this is like the fourth try I've had tonight to try to do
r0c3d1XcJZY-00001-00000816-00001425 this we've been suffering from internet connection so I just met my friends at
r0c3d1XcJZY-00002-00001425-00002400 Persky even here husband so they just left I thought I would come on in again
r0c3d1XcJZY-00003-00002400-00002834 and just try to do this this five one more time tonight anyway
r0c3d1XcJZY-00004-00002834-00003426 it the topic is pressing the easy button and it's sort of been Oh Michael how
r0c3d1XcJZY-00005-00003426-00003872 annoying has today been because people are just making things difficult and not
r0c3d1XcJZY-00006-00003872-00004587 doing their job so it's kind of a problem out here in a small town
r0c3d1XcJZY-00007-00004587-00005532 mentality and I thanks so it's the problem your friends have just moved
r0c3d1XcJZY-00008-00005532-00006212 here and people like don't do their job because they're here for a different
r0c3d1XcJZY-00009-00006212-00006740 reason they're here for vacation they're here because they feel entitled they're
r0c3d1XcJZY-00010-00006740-00007125 here because they feel like they don't want to do stopped even though that's
r0c3d1XcJZY-00011-00007125-00007713 their job is kinda boils down to a lack of integrity a lot but the simple answer
r0c3d1XcJZY-00012-00007713-00008322 is just press the easy button so if you are in a state of your business in your
r0c3d1XcJZY-00013-00008322-00008854 life and you have clients you have customers you have people who are
r0c3d1XcJZY-00014-00008854-00009450 responsible for your work why are you making it more difficult when if you
r0c3d1XcJZY-00015-00009450-00009915 have to do something at a certain time or a certain place it has to get done
r0c3d1XcJZY-00016-00009915-00010364 right crazy so anyway I'll go on about that a little more but if you guys are
r0c3d1XcJZY-00017-00010364-00010847 new to me right now I'm Sharon Haver and I help other talented and savvy
r0c3d1XcJZY-00018-00010847-00011357 entrepreneurs who realize that their expertise is not enough to stand out in
r0c3d1XcJZY-00019-00011357-00012077 a crowded market and right now I'm over at the Four Seasons you said weird
r0c3d1XcJZY-00020-00012140-00012629 see that's just behind it with some heart so the four seasons in Jackson
r0c3d1XcJZY-00021-00012629-00013059 Hole and I thought I really wanted to bring this on because one of the things
r0c3d1XcJZY-00022-00013059-00013541 it's like not only am i a business person but I'm in New Yorker and in New
r0c3d1XcJZY-00023-00013541-00014040 York when stuff has to get done like stuff has to get done you know and if
r0c3d1XcJZY-00024-00014040-00014591 you don't do it hello there's a million other people who will do it for you but
r0c3d1XcJZY-00025-00014591-00014850 it's a different mentality out here and this is what we're just talking about
r0c3d1XcJZY-00026-00014850-00015347 with our friends because they're having a similar issue of people really boiling
r0c3d1XcJZY-00027-00015347-00015762 down to not having integrity and when you don't have an integrity and you're
r0c3d1XcJZY-00028-00015762-00016818 kind of like elastic in your time elastic in your word elastic and
r0c3d1XcJZY-00029-00016818-00017381 actually getting the job done it might be totally cool to you but it's
r0c3d1XcJZY-00030-00017381-00017868 certainly not cool for the people on the receiving it and it's a problem out here
r0c3d1XcJZY-00031-00017868-00018479 it's a huge problem out here so what I'm saying to you is as a business owner
r0c3d1XcJZY-00032-00018479-00018885 when you're going and you're going back at your business because I'm sure you're
r0c3d1XcJZY-00033-00018885-00019401 not is like I don't even know what the word is lame as some of the things going
r0c3d1XcJZY-00034-00019401-00019895 on out here but what you need to realize is that if you give you a word to
r0c3d1XcJZY-00035-00019895-00020337 something or you're trying to do something instead of over complicating
r0c3d1XcJZY-00036-00020337-00020862 it with like extraneous trauma and all sorts of words stuff and excuses and
r0c3d1XcJZY-00037-00020862-00021297 texts and things and back and forth and I thought this I didn't know that and
r0c3d1XcJZY-00038-00021297-00021960 just bunch of lame crap excuses it's so much easier to just hit that easy button
r0c3d1XcJZY-00039-00021960-00022428 and know what you wanted to when you're gonna do it and just keep your wording
r0c3d1XcJZY-00040-00022428-00022743 your integrity sure stuff happens and people are you
r0c3d1XcJZY-00041-00022743-00023229 know imperfect individuals but if you just try to hit the easy button on your
r0c3d1XcJZY-00042-00023229-00023834 integrity duh life is just easier people aren't as freaked out and oi pissed off
r0c3d1XcJZY-00043-00023834-00024245 at you I went a bunch of about six people sitting together and they meet
r0c3d1XcJZY-00044-00024245-00024742 you know for a prey ski and achai they're not sharing names of people who
r0c3d1XcJZY-00045-00024742-00025144 like screw them over so you don't want to do that and the thing is to say
r0c3d1XcJZY-00046-00025144-00025561 that's not me that's not me but there's a whole long list of people who really
r0c3d1XcJZY-00047-00025561-00025975 don't live up to what they're supposed to be doing so when it's your business
r0c3d1XcJZY-00048-00025975-00026370 when it's your time say what you mean mean what you say do what you're gonna
r0c3d1XcJZY-00049-00026370-00026764 do and don't make stupid excuses it's kind of like that easy
r0c3d1XcJZY-00050-00026764-00027220 right so I'm gonna help you out right now if you want to say what you mean and
r0c3d1XcJZY-00051-00027220-00027745 do what you do on line and how you show up even if you were in this big black
r0c3d1XcJZY-00052-00027745-00028381 furry hat which by the way guys is fake totally fake I want you to go over to
r0c3d1XcJZY-00053-00028381-00028801 authentic superstar com join me right now for the free five day challenge I
r0c3d1XcJZY-00054-00028801-00029452 will help you hit the easy button and show up like the star you are in photo
r0c3d1XcJZY-00055-00029452-00030112 so you can have a brand message that is completely absolutely intact and it's
r0c3d1XcJZY-00056-00030112-00030457 easy for you you're not freaking out you're not trying to find photos you're
r0c3d1XcJZY-00057-00030457-00030907 not confident on camera yeah uncomfortably you're just really on top
r0c3d1XcJZY-00058-00030907-00031423 of what you need to do so authentic super strong calm and just in business
r0c3d1XcJZY-00059-00031423-00031975 guys no matter what your business is keep your word it's not so terrible to
r0c3d1XcJZY-00060-00031975-00032295 keep your word do what you say you're gonna do when you say you're gonna do it
r0c3d1XcJZY-00061-00032295-00032772 I know I was had a speaking coach who was kind of like very right-wing crazy
r0c3d1XcJZY-00062-00032772-00033216 sometimes about this stuff but the one thing I always say you know Larry wing
r0c3d1XcJZY-00063-00033216-00033577 it I love you on this one do what you say when you say you're gonna do it
r0c3d1XcJZY-00064-00033577-00034009 absolutely makes the world go around so much smoother hope that helps let me try
r0c3d1XcJZY-00065-00034009-00034838 to send you around here see it's really kind of pretty let's see
r0c3d1XcJZY-00066-00034838-00035188 can you see the mountain bow hit me
r0c3d1XcJZY-00067-00035242-00035665 that's the ski mountain
r0c3d1XcJZY-00068-00036521-00037208 oh that's big so anyway that's it really hit the easy button stop
r0c3d1XcJZY-00069-00037208-00037637 you know lame excuses if you if something went wrong and you couldn't
r0c3d1XcJZY-00070-00037637-00038197 own up to it you couldn't do it so be it all right just so be it you know but own
r0c3d1XcJZY-00071-00038197-00038756 up to it and respect other people's intelligence and it respects your own
r0c3d1XcJZY-00072-00038756-00039206 integrity and their own integrity and stand up for your word it's really so
r0c3d1XcJZY-00073-00039206-00039749 simple okay guys hit the easy button super AUTHENTICSUPERSTAR.COM see
r0c3d1XcJZY-00074-00039749-00040087 you guys soon bye bye
r2ZOnbL00BE-00000-00000122-00001411 >>Size and scale. One of the challenges that animators face in creating believable worlds,
r2ZOnbL00BE-00001-00001411-00002321 is to establish a sense of size and scale for things in those worlds. So, for example
r2ZOnbL00BE-00002-00002321-00003131 if we want these machines from the �Star Wars� films to see monstrously big, how�s
r2ZOnbL00BE-00003-00003131-00003993 that done or these dragons from �How to train your Dragon?� What is it that gives
r2ZOnbL00BE-00004-00003993-00004660 you a sense that they are small as opposed to being large? In other words, how do you
r2ZOnbL00BE-00005-00004660-00005537 establish a sense of scale and size? Now, one of the simplest ways of doing that is
r2ZOnbL00BE-00006-00005537-00006806 to use objects of known size and show contrast. So in that sense the poster on the left is
r2ZOnbL00BE-00007-00006806-00007368 somewhat ambiguous in terms of the size of the dragon because there�s nothing that
r2ZOnbL00BE-00008-00007368-00008100 we can really compare it to. On the other hand, the poster on the right because we see
r2ZOnbL00BE-00009-00008100-00009121 the humans sitting on the back of the dragon we have a sense that the dragon is large compared
r2ZOnbL00BE-00010-00009121-00009885 to people even though these are children it�s still, quite a large animal because we know
r2ZOnbL00BE-00011-00009885-00010914 the size of the humans. Now, in order for this comparison of relative size to be successful,
r2ZOnbL00BE-00012-00010914-00011812 you need visual contrast. An example of this is if you watch a football game you might
r2ZOnbL00BE-00013-00011812-00012814 not be that impressed about the size of the players when you are just watching on TV and
r2ZOnbL00BE-00014-00012814-00013484 you see the players on the field and the reason they don�t seem large is because they are
r2ZOnbL00BE-00015-00013484-00014438 all large and so you have a visual contrast. Now, when one of those players is standing
r2ZOnbL00BE-00016-00014438-00015237 in a crowd of ordinary size of people then you have some visual contrast and you notice
r2ZOnbL00BE-00017-00015237-00016295 of their large size. Let�s look at a quick scene from �Jack the Giant Slayer�. And
r2ZOnbL00BE-00018-00016295-00018570 in this scene, you notice that there�s, just watching the motion, there�s; so you
r2ZOnbL00BE-00019-00018570-00021176 see these stocks coming out but. Now [Video running in the background] see if you were
r2ZOnbL00BE-00020-00021176-00022129 not familiar with the size of these giants, there�s very little to indicate in this
r2ZOnbL00BE-00021-00022129-00023662 scene that they are actually giants. They�re quite ugly but there�s not a lot that indicates
r2ZOnbL00BE-00022-00023662-00024648 visually that they�re giants. Well one them steps on what appears to be a human but other
r2ZOnbL00BE-00023-00024648-00025719 than that. Now this challenge of establishing a scale from relative size is especially difficult
r2ZOnbL00BE-00024-00025719-00026638 when you have fantasy worlds because there�s; in a fantasy world, there�s also, there�s
r2ZOnbL00BE-00025-00026638-00027510 often an ambiguity in terms of whether something is very large or very small. So, we see in
r2ZOnbL00BE-00026-00027510-00028610 this image from Lord of the rings, either the elephant is huge and soldiers are ordinary
r2ZOnbL00BE-00027-00028610-00029077 size or the elephant is ordinary size and their are tiny soldiers and because it�s
r2ZOnbL00BE-00028-00029077-00029869 a fantasy world it could be either one. Similar with Alice in Wonderland, she�s approaching
r2ZOnbL00BE-00029-00029869-00030543 this door, either she�s normal size and the door is tiny or the door is normal size
r2ZOnbL00BE-00030-00030543-00031302 and she�s a giant. So, again because of the ambiguity, it�s a challenge to establish
r2ZOnbL00BE-00031-00031302-00032311 the scale and size in these sorts of fantasy worlds. Now, another way of establishing size
r2ZOnbL00BE-00032-00032311-00033070 is to use visual cues such as linear perspective and atmospheric perspective. And we see an
r2ZOnbL00BE-00033-00033070-00033857 example of this in this image. We also have an object of known size, the Golden Gate Bridge
r2ZOnbL00BE-00034-00033857-00034630 and from perspective, we have this smaller character in the foreground and because the
r2ZOnbL00BE-00035-00034630-00035568 woman is much further back but visually much larger in size, she must be a giant. And then
r2ZOnbL00BE-00036-00035568-00036565 even further back because of the atmospheric perspective being shrouded in the fog, the
r2ZOnbL00BE-00037-00036565-00037668 big insect creature is even more gigantic. Now, this use of perspective to establish
r2ZOnbL00BE-00038-00037668-00038671 size was developed during the Italian Renaissance and before the renaissance things, images
r2ZOnbL00BE-00039-00038671-00039796 such as in this painting on the left had distorted of scale. So the people in this image in the
r2ZOnbL00BE-00040-00039796-00040691 background appeared to be coming out of a tiny castle. More realistic images were created
r2ZOnbL00BE-00041-00040691-00041804 later by the use of your linear perspective as we see in the painting on the right. So,
r2ZOnbL00BE-00042-00041804-00042721 this use of linear-geometric perspective, if we have a horizon then we can establish
r2ZOnbL00BE-00043-00042721-00043584 that the character here in the foreground is the same height as these characters further
r2ZOnbL00BE-00044-00043584-00044456 back in the background by tracing perspective lines from the head of each character to the
r2ZOnbL00BE-00045-00044456-00045325 vanishing point on the horizon and the feet. And so that establishes a way of determining
r2ZOnbL00BE-00046-00045325-00045787 the height of characters in the background compared to characters in the foreground.
r2ZOnbL00BE-00047-00045787-00046805 This gives us very realistic images by establishing size perspective. Now, one of the challenges
r2ZOnbL00BE-00048-00046805-00047803 of using perspective to establish size is that it�s possible to fool this visual cue
r2ZOnbL00BE-00049-00047803-00048800 by so called forced perspective. So in these of photos, we realize that for example this
r2ZOnbL00BE-00050-00048800-00049728 girl is not a giant in front of this helicopter, simply that she is much closer in the foreground,
r2ZOnbL00BE-00051-00049728-00050538 the helicopter is much further back and simply by the fact that back her hand is near; visually
r2ZOnbL00BE-00052-00050538-00051103 near the top, it makes us think that she�s touching it. Same thing with this photo of
r2ZOnbL00BE-00053-00051103-00052016 a mother and daughter. The daughter is far in the background but the arrangement makes
r2ZOnbL00BE-00054-00052016-00053245 us think, initially that the mother is holding a tiny child in her hand. A famous example,
r2ZOnbL00BE-00055-00053245-00054145 the Ames room where the floor is tilted and the ceiling is tilted; the tiles are distorted
r2ZOnbL00BE-00056-00054145-00054906 in shape. When we will look at it because we are so used to using perspective to establish
r2ZOnbL00BE-00057-00054906-00056248 size, it looks as if the child is huge and the mother is tiny. Now, because visual cues
r2ZOnbL00BE-00058-00056248-00057173 don�t always successfully establish size and scale, we can also use physical cues to
r2ZOnbL00BE-00059-00057173-00057847 establish the size of an object or character. Now, some of these physical cues are simple,
r2ZOnbL00BE-00060-00057847-00058514 for example we know that the shorter pendulum swings off faster than the longer one. So,
r2ZOnbL00BE-00061-00058514-00059439 we can use the timing of motion sense of scale. Other physical cues are lot more subtle. For
r2ZOnbL00BE-00062-00059439-00060350 example the effect of small animal will have a faster heart than a large animal. Here we
r2ZOnbL00BE-00063-00060350-00061176 see a graph of the heart rates in beats per minute for a variety of animals of different
r2ZOnbL00BE-00064-00061176-00062141 sizes from a mouse, to rabbit, dogs, donkeys, bulky elephant. And see that the larger the
r2ZOnbL00BE-00065-00062141-00063254 animal, the slower the heart rate. Now this is not some coincidence, this is a requirement
r2ZOnbL00BE-00066-00063254-00064201 that is due to the laws of physics and will see why that is in the some of the other tutorials.
r2ZOnbL00BE-00067-00064201-00064987 But my point here is that in the laws of physics, we have this requirement that establishes
r2ZOnbL00BE-00068-00064987-00065530 this connection between the size of an animal and its heart rate and the heart rate determines
r2ZOnbL00BE-00069-00065530-00066500 much of the timing of an animal�s behavior. So, these small animals with this heartbeat
r2ZOnbL00BE-00070-00066500-00067536 tend to be very quick and geary and active whereas the large animals with their slow
r2ZOnbL00BE-00071-00067536-00068656 heartbeat tend to be more lumbering and sluggish by comparison. Now, this is one of the challenges
r2ZOnbL00BE-00072-00068656-00069639 of using of motion capture for character animation, is that in this case and here we see some
r2ZOnbL00BE-00073-00069639-00070442 images from �Jack the Giant Slayer� where motion capture was used for the giants. When
r2ZOnbL00BE-00074-00070442-00071322 we�re watching the motion, the physical cues that we have from the timing of the motion
r2ZOnbL00BE-00075-00071322-00072310 gives us a sense that the characters are ordinary human size scale as opposed to giant scale.
r2ZOnbL00BE-00076-00072310-00073006 So in summary, there are various of visual cues for scale, such as relative size compared
r2ZOnbL00BE-00077-00073006-00073885 to known objects. Linear perspective also establishes scale by connecting visual size
r2ZOnbL00BE-00078-00073885-00074831 with distance to the viewer. Visual cues however are not always sufficient to successfully
r2ZOnbL00BE-00079-00074831-00075485 establish scale because we have problems such as lack of visual contrast, ambiguous sizes
r2ZOnbL00BE-00080-00075485-00076382 especially in fantasy worlds, the issue of distorted perspective and so forth. So, there
r2ZOnbL00BE-00081-00076382-00077268 are also physical cues that give us a sense of size and scale, some of the simplest ones
r2ZOnbL00BE-00082-00077268-00078144 are the timing of motion but there are many others and we will see those in the next few
r2ZOnbL00BE-00083-00078144-00078347 tutorials. So, see you then.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00000-00000118-00000376 (upbeat music)
r4ltnpKfuPE-00001-00000851-00001117 - No one deployed the use of macros in this study.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00002-00001117-00001306 Something that we'd find in Excel spreadsheets
r4ltnpKfuPE-00003-00001306-00001452 and other applications.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00004-00001452-00001642 These are very helpful specials we got
r4ltnpKfuPE-00005-00001642-00001975 into the whole segment of data harmonization.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00006-00001975-00002198 - Yes, the main macro that was used
r4ltnpKfuPE-00007-00002198-00002602 was in the formatting of the data
r4ltnpKfuPE-00008-00002602-00002945 when we first pulled in the actual webinar data itself.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00009-00002945-00003197 Let me pull up that particular document.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00010-00003295-00003429 This was the one that we had shown
r4ltnpKfuPE-00011-00003429-00003622 a little bit earlier but what this allowed us to do
r4ltnpKfuPE-00012-00003622-00003965 is to add consistent metadata to the file.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00013-00003965-00004166 So we would make sure that when we collected
r4ltnpKfuPE-00014-00004166-00004475 the data inside the file itself,
r4ltnpKfuPE-00015-00004475-00004852 it would tell us the date that the survey was conducted.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00016-00004852-00004982 And we would enter that data
r4ltnpKfuPE-00017-00004982-00005263 in a consistent format into this macro.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00018-00005263-00005533 And then by running it, it would copy that data
r4ltnpKfuPE-00019-00005533-00005889 on each one of the individual rows as we pivoted the data,
r4ltnpKfuPE-00020-00005889-00006134 so we had consistency in our data.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00021-00006134-00006358 This allowed us to have a consistent data source
r4ltnpKfuPE-00022-00006358-00006566 that we could then use downstream
r4ltnpKfuPE-00023-00006566-00006718 as we were consolidating questions
r4ltnpKfuPE-00024-00006718-00007071 and looking at the different responses to the surveys.
r4ltnpKfuPE-00025-00007071-00007330 (upbeat music)
r5bOmYQ47r0-00000-00000704-00001145 Trump Quietly Slips Out Of Sight For Hours While Overseas, Now We Know The Unbelievable
r5bOmYQ47r0-00001-00001145-00001245 Reason
r5bOmYQ47r0-00002-00001245-00001744 Editor’s Note: This was a popular story of ours when it originally ran; we’re re-posting
r5bOmYQ47r0-00003-00001744-00002073 it now that Trump is attending his second G7 Summit.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00004-00002073-00002451 What happened at his first one needs to be acknowledged after the deluge of leftist attack
r5bOmYQ47r0-00005-00002451-00002681 he’s endured since then.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00006-00002681-00003079 President Trump and First Lady Melania have been tirelessly traveling for almost an entire
r5bOmYQ47r0-00007-00003079-00003450 week and are nearing the end of their first overseas presidential trip.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00008-00003450-00003859 The couple just landed in Belgium and the president will soon be attending the G7 Summit
r5bOmYQ47r0-00009-00003859-00004093 back in Italy on Friday and Saturday.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00010-00004093-00004549 However, with as busy as he’s been for days, he recently dropped everything and quietly
r5bOmYQ47r0-00011-00004549-00004962 slipped out of sight for a few hours and now we know the unbelievable reason why.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00012-00004962-00005459 There’s been no shortage of media coverage as the Trumps travel the globe this week.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00013-00005459-00005869 Liberal news outlets wait with baited breath for the first sign of slip up on the president’s
r5bOmYQ47r0-00014-00005869-00006204 first overseas trip and will find anything to judge him for.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00015-00006204-00006570 Despite having cameras following the couple practically around the clock, there’s one
r5bOmYQ47r0-00016-00006570-00006956 outing in Israel that media “conveniently” missed and it’s clear as to why they chose
r5bOmYQ47r0-00017-00006956-00007161 not to cover it.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00018-00007161-00007547 Practically every second of the president’s 27-hours in Israel was packed and planned
r5bOmYQ47r0-00019-00007547-00007965 out, but he still made time to fulfill a wish of a 14-year-old who heard he was coming to
r5bOmYQ47r0-00020-00007965-00008075 her country.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00021-00008075-00008475 As eager as she was to see him, Trump was reportedly eager to meet this special little
r5bOmYQ47r0-00022-00008475-00008586 girl.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00023-00008586-00008746 The Yeshiva World reports:
r5bOmYQ47r0-00024-00008746-00009268 “During his recent visit to Israel, President Donald Trump made a 14-year old girl’s dream
r5bOmYQ47r0-00025-00009268-00009368 come true.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00026-00009368-00009767 Emilee Imbar has been battling cancer for the last seven years, and has dreamed of meeting
r5bOmYQ47r0-00027-00009767-00009915 with the U.S. President.”
r5bOmYQ47r0-00028-00009915-00010404 “Rachashei Lev is Israel’s national support center for pediatric cancer patients, and
r5bOmYQ47r0-00029-00010404-00010833 among their hundreds of invaluable services, they have helped thousands of pediatric cancer
r5bOmYQ47r0-00030-00010833-00010992 patients to achieve their dreams.”
r5bOmYQ47r0-00031-00010992-00011420 Emilee’s dream was to meet the President of the United States and she got that wish
r5bOmYQ47r0-00032-00011420-00011693 fulfilled by our incredibly personable leader.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00033-00011693-00012128 Trump truly loves kids as much as the First Lady, who seems to have had a compassionate
r5bOmYQ47r0-00034-00012128-00012254 effect on him.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00035-00012254-00012697 Perhaps not surprising, was that the entire media ignored this incredible story and act
r5bOmYQ47r0-00036-00012697-00013041 of love from our president since it’s counter to their narrative.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00037-00013041-00013416 You can bet that if Barack Obama had done something as thoughtful as this, there would
r5bOmYQ47r0-00038-00013416-00013638 have been a media entourage in tow.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00039-00013638-00014059 On the contrary, liberals accused Melania of only being interested in the “photo op”
r5bOmYQ47r0-00040-00014059-00014488 at her frequent and lengthy hospital visits, which is far from the truth with the genuine
r5bOmYQ47r0-00041-00014488-00014788 love and concern for kids this couple continually exudes.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00042-00014788-00015240 “President Trump chatted with Emilee, asking about her health and wellbeing, and relating
r5bOmYQ47r0-00043-00015240-00015698 to her a little bit about the immense responsibilities of being a President of the United States,”
r5bOmYQ47r0-00044-00015698-00015840 The Yeshiva World reported.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00045-00015840-00016235 “Emilee blessed and thanked President Trump, and presented him with a letter she wrote
r5bOmYQ47r0-00046-00016235-00016682 expressing her desire to meet him again – this time in the White House, where she hoped to
r5bOmYQ47r0-00047-00016682-00017098 do business with him, and maybe even to bring peace to the world.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00048-00017098-00017548 President Trump was visibly moved by Emilee and wished her good health and a speedy recovery.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00049-00017548-00017752 It was a momentous day for all.”
r5bOmYQ47r0-00050-00017752-00018095 The local news outlet was the sole source of the story originally.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00051-00018095-00018556 However, if the mainstream media can find a way to spin this story into something grossly
r5bOmYQ47r0-00052-00018556-00018926 negative, you can rest assured that every outlet will be running it in no time.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00053-00018926-00019365 It’s disgusting that the Obamas got perpetually coverage of their fake warm and fuzzy things
r5bOmYQ47r0-00054-00019365-00019774 they posed for, but when any member of the Trump family does something actually genuine
r5bOmYQ47r0-00055-00019774-00020137 and on their won accord, it’s ignored or twisted into something disgusting that it
r5bOmYQ47r0-00056-00020137-00020260 is not.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00057-00020260-00020654 The left wants the world to believe that Trump is a heartless, horrible man who is out to
r5bOmYQ47r0-00058-00020654-00021108 dupe us all, take rights away, and kill people he doesn’t like.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00059-00021108-00021525 Ironically, facts prove these things to be true about some of our liberal leaders.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00060-00021525-00021993 Meanwhile, if this first overseas trip has shown us anything, it’s how loved the President
r5bOmYQ47r0-00061-00021993-00022143 and First Lady are around the world.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00062-00022143-00022535 They aren’t swayed by the leftist media in America that slanders our leader for the
r5bOmYQ47r0-00063-00022535-00022820 sole cause of paving the way to an impeachment.
r5bOmYQ47r0-00064-00022820-00023240 People in other countries simply judge him by his actions and not what people say, since
r5bOmYQ47r0-00065-00023240-00024526 that’s what speaks louder than negative, spiteful words.
r6WXHZb-DXI-00000-00000000-00000200 Welcome to my channel!
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00000-00000000-00000396 today I'm going to be showing you guys where I get my fitted hats for cheap I know right now in the
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00001-00000396-00000858 current game video hats are getting very expensive ranging anywhere from fifty dollars to a hundred
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00002-00000858-00001194 and fifty dollars and we all know we want hats that can match with a bunch of different outfits
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00003-00001194-00001602 and go at different times throughout the year in different situations so we definitely want to add
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00004-00001602-00002046 up all multiple hats and eventually it starts to get spendy so I had a few pickups this past
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00005-00002046-00002508 month and I figured this would be a perfect time to show you guys what hats I recently got and how
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00006-00002508-00003108 I got them for a good deal and if you didn't know by now my name is DJ and this is the DNA show on
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00007-00003108-00003534 this channel I love talking about Sneakers but at the same time we got to keep the fitted on
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00008-00003534-00003936 point so you know I gotta make sure I help you guys on those tips and tricks as well so if you
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00009-00003936-00004326 haven't already consider subscribing and joining the fam we're on the road to a million subscribers
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00010-00004326-00004734 and you can be the next one to get us there so these six hats in particular all came from one
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00011-00004734-00005184 website and these three hats right here came from three individual websites so I'll go through the
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00012-00005184-00005592 bulk first and then I'll give you the tail in with these a lot of sleepers on this hand right here as
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00013-00005592-00006000 well so first up we're gonna start with the hats that we got from lid so as you can see right here
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00014-00006000-00006486 this is not a major league hat but I do like the minor league hats as well just because they got
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00015-00006486-00006870 a cool design to them and I feel like it's always cool to switch it up and have something a little
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00016-00006870-00007278 bit different that everybody else doesn't have now for here right here my name is DJ so it only makes
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00017-00007278-00007716 sense I need an everyday hat like that and then something cool for the fall time right here and
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00018-00007716-00008081 then for my Steelers fan I wanted to make sure I showed you guys this one go Steelers you know I'm
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00019-00008081-00008442 saying hey let me know what your favorite football team is down below in the comment section and then
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00020-00008442-00008796 the Pittsburgh Pirate hat I thought this one was pretty clean as well so I'll show you guys some
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00021-00008796-00009204 more detailed in hand looks as we go throughout the video but basically when it comes to these
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00022-00009204-00009612 six hats right here I got these from the lids website now I know a lot of people say that's
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00023-00009612-00010086 very common to go to that website but if you take advantage of the opportunities that they give you
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00024-00010086-00010494 on the website you can actually save a whole lot of money and get some really good hats at
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00025-00010494-00010866 the same time one thing that I know that a lot of people love about hats right now is the side
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00026-00010866-00011346 patches that you see right here so some hats may or may not come with that but typically when you
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00027-00011346-00011766 see a hat with a side patch like this it's gonna naturally go for a little bit more money have a
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00028-00011766-00012222 little bit more desire it has a better colorway and a design line and a lot more just overall
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00029-00012222-00012708 demand behind the hat so now when it comes to my average cost on these six hats right here I spent
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00030-00012708-00013272 roughly around 25 to 27 dollars per hat when I total it all out based off of the discount so
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00031-00013272-00013734 now you guys are probably wondering how did I get these 45 dollar and forty dollar hats for under
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00032-00013734-00014196 thirty dollars and be able to use these discounts so what you need to do is make sure when you sign
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00033-00014196-00014694 up for the lids account use it online or in person I it's like 10 bucks a year or something like that
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00034-00014694-00015084 for a membership I don't remember if it's like yeah I think it's annually but you pay like 10
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00035-00015084-00015534 bucks you get the membership and then they email you a promo code at the beginning of every single
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00036-00015534-00016044 month and you can use that promo code to get a discount on your purchases from their website
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00037-00016044-00016566 so that's always key right there because you get like a 20 discount off RIP just immediately by
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00038-00016566-00017040 using that and if you pay attention to the sales that they have going on the website or if you look
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00039-00017040-00017550 at the top bar typically they have enter so and so code and that'll get you a special discount based
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00040-00017550-00017892 off of what it is and then you'll see certain items that may trickle through the cracks and
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00041-00017892-00018306 it might be a cool hat that's predominantly sold out but they might have just a couple sizes left
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00042-00018306-00018738 and sometimes you might actually get lucky and find that hat in your size as well and
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00043-00018738-00019080 then now you have the opportunity to get it at a discounted price from their natural discount
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00044-00019080-00019494 plus throwing your membership discount on top of that and now you're looking at sometimes spending
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00045-00019494-00020034 just over twenty dollars I've even bought hats off of their website for 18 before and it's been cool
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00046-00020034-00020472 hat so when it comes to Lids again they have a lot of promotions going on and if you have the
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00047-00020472-00020934 membership at the same time you can definitely use that to your advantage pretty often to get
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00048-00020934-00021408 hats now it doesn't really apply every single time sometimes you are going to have to pay that normal
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00049-00021408-00021792 price but if you're always looking for those Bargains looking for those deals and finding
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00050-00021792-00022200 affordable ways to get your hat collection up in volume and get nice quality hats and dope
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00051-00022200-00022596 colorways and stuff that's definitely going to be a good option as you can see I picked up six
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00052-00022596-00022962 different colorways recently and I'm happy with all the ones that I grabbed let me know what you
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00053-00022962-00023298 think about these Down Below in the comment section which ones are your favorite I would
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00054-00023298-00023676 love to hear what you guys think as well again these are for me for my style different outfits
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00055-00023676-00024078 different times of the year another fall time is coming so I want a little bit more burgundy gotta
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00056-00024078-00024534 switch it up missing some missing pieces with the light blue I don't have any too many predominantly
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00057-00024534-00024972 light blue hats in my collection so I feel like it was wise to get something like that but yeah let
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00058-00024972-00025356 me know what you guys think down below let's take it to the next half my bad my bad and before that
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00059-00025356-00025848 like I said they got a lot of promotions going on right so if you go and you purchase something from
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00060-00025848-00026274 the website they're gonna have this inside of there as well with the special discount code 20
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00061-00026274-00026772 off any purchase over fifty dollars with free shipping so that's something to pay attention
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00062-00026772-00027138 to as well because when you have to add that shipping cost in there sometimes it's better
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00063-00027138-00027594 to add one more hat into that cart to now have free shipping and not have to worry about those
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00064-00027594-00028020 things minimize your cost because if you plan on buying hats all the time and you're buying
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00065-00028020-00028494 one off plus you got to pay for shipping and you do that multiple times throughout the year well
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00066-00028494-00028944 now you're gonna pay additional you know a couple hundred bucks just in shipping if you're one-off
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00067-00028944-00029292 shipping every single time but if you're buying bulk now you're gonna save more money because
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00068-00029292-00029754 you're gonna have free shipping and that's another way to now potentially even grab another hat for
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00069-00029754-00030252 your collection if you consider it as potential really free yes you do have to spend the money but
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00070-00030252-00030636 at the same time that would have been money you would have spent on shipping costs if you would
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00071-00030636-00031152 have just bought one hat now one hot lighter one hat now one hat later so it's a lot of different
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00072-00031152-00031554 things and nuances to think about but at the same time we want to find ways to save money
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00073-00031554-00031998 and be able to get all the things that we want and the best fashion possible now this next hat
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00074-00031998-00032460 right here I did end up purchasing for retail I got lucky this was on the Lids hat drop right
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00075-00032460-00032958 here now this one was probably something that made my average cost for all these hats go up a little
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00076-00032958-00033480 bit simply because I did get it for retail but the Pittsburgh Pirate hat I love this colorway I think
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00077-00033480-00034038 this one is fire it's very similar to the hat that I have on right now but I definitely like this hat
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00078-00034038-00034428 a lot let me know what you guys think Down Below in the comment section I got this one from Lids
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00079-00034428-00034854 hat drop now for them in particular their stuff sells out really really fast so you got to be
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00080-00034854-00035166 selective and you got to hurry up and get the one that you want because otherwise if you come back
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00081-00035166-00035580 a day later it's probably gonna be gone now this is a workaround and a secret that a lot of people
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00082-00035580-00036048 don't really pay attention to as much but an easy way to get a dope hat that you want that just not
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00083-00036048-00036582 everybody else has so for these two in particular I saw these two teams in the minor league section
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00084-00036582-00037134 on the lids website but they didn't have them in my size available so when you see a hat that you
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00085-00037134-00037626 may like and it's a minor team like this look up that minor team's website and go directly
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00086-00037626-00038124 to their merch shop and you might be able to find the hat for even cheaper price than you see it on
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00087-00038124-00038604 the lids website sometimes they're even cheaper on there so for these two in particular this is
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00088-00038604-00039018 the Eugene emeralds I'm from Portland Oregon I love to represent Oregon I think this one
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00089-00039018-00039366 is super super clean and it's definitely dope because I know not a lot of people are going to
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00090-00039366-00039750 be wearing the hat at the same time so it's gonna be cool to have something like this and I was able
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00091-00039750-00040170 to get this for a better price on their website and that's always a clutch aspect to it as well
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00092-00040170-00040614 so if you ever see a minor league team definitely consider that as well now this one is going to be
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00093-00040614-00040962 the Hillsborough hops I know you guys have seen me wear some of their previous ones in the past
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00094-00040962-00041394 I didn't have one like this with the character on the front hand holding the bat like that so
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00095-00041394-00041688 I thought this was kind of cool I know it's a little bit of different when it comes to the
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00096-00041688-00042120 mixture of the materials and everything but at the same time I went on that route I went directly to
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00097-00042120-00042516 their website and I was able to purchase the Hat it came very very fast when it comes to
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00098-00042516-00042858 shipping and everything like that so I definitely wasn't mad at that either I'm telling you right
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00099-00042858-00043296 now these are definitely two valid options when it comes to buying directly from the actual baseball
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00100-00043296-00043704 team's website so always consider that as well when you're shopping for different hats so that
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00101-00043704-00044094 is going to do it I hope you guys appreciated this and this opened your mind a little bit to
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00102-00044094-00044538 find ways to get different coupons and discount codes if you want to find other websites that I
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00103-00044538-00044910 have used in the past I have a link for you guys down below in the description or here at the end
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00104-00044910-00045330 of the video that'll show you guys 10 different websites to purchase from and if you want to see
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00105-00045330-00045780 other websites or anything like that you have any questions on tips tutorials anything let me
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00106-00045780-00046128 know Down Below in the comment section I'll make sure I get a video out for you guys I'll see you
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00107-00046128-00046818 in another one all right yo if you enjoyed this video and want to grow your collection or make
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00108-00046818-00047304 extra money on the side I built a VIP Mastermind that will teach you everything that I've learned
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00109-00047304-00047814 about growing my sneaker collection over the past 15 years this will also give you access to the
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00110-00047814-00048432 DNA fam in my VIP Community where we talk about investing outside of sneakers and don't worry if
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00111-00048432-00048960 you don't plan on joining the VIP Community it's okay I also set up a private DNA fam community
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00112-00048960-00049458 that gives you access to all the behind the scenes looks from the studio and multiple chances to win
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00113-00049458-00049938 free sneakers and gear from weekly and monthly challenges so all you need to do is click on
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00114-00049938-00050364 the link Down Below in the description or the first link pinned in the comment section that
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00115-00050364-00050730 will get you set up and into the community I'm excited to see you guys on the inside
rt8BFD2jmIQ-00116-00050988-00052026 thank you
rtw606Xl1Ko-00000-00000000-00000200 Možete li gledati dulje od 20 sekundi u ovo😜HIPNOZA
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00000-00000304-00000872 Hi. I'm Professor David Atlee. In this video i'll be using the Seasons and Ecliptic
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00001-00000872-00001528 Simulator from NAAP Labs to show the relationship between the location of an observer on the Earth,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00002-00001584-00001912 the Earth's location in its orbit, and the seasons—or
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00003-00001912-00002344 lack thereof—experienced by that observer. Let's get started.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00004-00002568-00003168 I've got NAAP Labs open, and i'll begin by going to Basic Coordinates and Seasons,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00005-00003256-00003960 and then i'll open up the Seasons and Ecliptic Simulator. Now that the simulator is open,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00006-00004024-00004632 let me do some initial configuration. I'm going to drag my observer—represented by
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00007-00004632-00005216 the little stick person here—up until the observer is at about my latitude.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00008-00005672-00006280 That's about right. Somewhere around in there is the latitude of my home in Denver, Colorado.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00009-00006480-00007272 And now i'll choose a starting point for my year, which i'm going to make June 21.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00010-00007488-00008280 If you're familiar with seasons and solstices and equinoxes, then you might know that June 21
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00011-00008280-00008792 is around the time of the summer solstice and the beginning of summer in the northern hemisphere.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00012-00008848-00009568 Before I start the Earth moving in its orbit, first let me point out something important.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00013-00009568-00010304 If you look at this lower right hand panel, this is showing you the approximate angle of sunlight
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00014-00010376-00010976 with the ground at local noon. When the sun is at its highest point in the sky, you'll notice
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00015-00010976-00011704 that those rays from the sun are coming almost straight down because if I come and look
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00016-00011704-00012528 at my Earth window up here with my little stick friend in it, you'll notice that the Sun is at the
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00017-00012528-00013288 Tropic of Cancer at 23.5 degrees north latitude. And therefore, sunlight coming
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00018-00013288-00013896 from the direction of the Sun—way off over there to the right—is almost directly overhead for me.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00019-00014119-00015000 This is one important factor in seeing the seasons located on Earth. The other important factor is to
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00020-00015000-00015928 look at the amount of daylight that I get. This red line that's highlighted marks the latitude
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00021-00015928-00016600 of the observer, and you'll notice that at this location, the red line is somewhere between two
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00022-00016600-00017184 thirds and three quarters in daylight and only about one-third in darkness.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00023-00017248-00017856 So what that implies is that in a 24-hour day, approximately two-thirds of that—or 16 hours—the
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00024-00017856-00018416 Sun will be in the sky, and then the other one-third—or eight hours—the Sun
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00025-00018416-00018968 will be below the horizon, and it will be dark outside. What you should notice
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00026-00018968-00019480 as the Earth starts to move, is that both of those factors that I pointed out to you—
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00027-00019584-00020160 the steep angle of sunlight and the large fraction of the red line covered in daylight—
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00028-00020320-00020704 are going to change as the Earth makes its way along its orbit.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00029-00020800-00021504 We've now completed one quarter of a full orbit. We've gone from June 21 to September 21,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00030-00021568-00022136 and we're now at what's called the autumnal equinox, the first day of autumn.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00031-00022224-00023168 And you'll notice in my Earth simulator that everywhere on Earth has half daylight
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00032-00023272-00023928 and half darkness for that observer. So I can drag my observer down to the equator
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00033-00023928-00024424 or down to the Tropic of Capricorn or even all the way down to the Antarctic Circle,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00034-00024560-00025208 and everywhere that I can put my observer, there's going to be half daylight and half darkness.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00035-00025208-00025832 And as a result, day and night on this date will both be exactly 12 hours long. Okay,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00036-00025832-00026488 so let's take my observer back to my original location about there-ish. That's about right.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00037-00026648-00027408 And let the Earth continue on its way as the Sun continues to move south, so it has crossed the
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00038-00027408-00028248 equator; it's now south of the equator down here. You'll see that the Sun's rays are coming in at
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00039-00028248-00028808 a very shallow angle relative to the ground, and by the time I reach late December—around
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00040-00028968-00029583 the time of the winter solstice—now the Sun's rays are coming in at a very glancing angle.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00041-00029792-00030527 As a result, there's a lot of space in between these arrows—the tips of the Sun's rays—and so the
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00042-00030527-00031256 Sun's light gets spread out more, and it doesn't do as good a job heating the ground or the air or
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00043-00031256-00032032 us, as it does in June. Keep an eye on the spacing between the tips of these arrows as we move back
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00044-00032032-00032552 towards summertime again, and you'll notice that as the angle of those rays gets steeper
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00045-00032552-00033224 and steeper and steeper, the space between the rays is going to shrink. That's why when you stand
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00046-00033224-00033808 in the summer Sun, it can feel like the Sun is absolutely beating down on you. And you can feel
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00047-00033808-00034296 yourself getting really warm and possibly worried that you might get sunburned or skin cancer.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00048-00034376-00034904 Whereas in the wintertime, you can stand in the Sun and you'll feel a little bit warmer
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00049-00034904-00035312 than if you're standing in the shade, but the effect is much less pronounced.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00050-00035568-00036160 Okay, let's carry on. Let's get out of winter time. As we leave December and moving through
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00051-00036160-00036832 January, you'll see the Sun once again moving back north again. It has passed its southernmost
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00052-00036832-00037456 excursion on that summer solstice. It's going back north. It's getting ready to cross the equator.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00053-00037456-00037904 Okay, so it's crossed the equator. We've gone through that vernal equinox,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00054-00037904-00038320 the beginning of spring, and we're now moving back towards summer. And as I promised,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00055-00038320-00038800 you'll see that these arrowheads are indeed getting much more closely spaced together,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00056-00038888-00039384 and as a result, someone standing under that light will feel a much more intense heating
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00057-00039440-00040128 here in mid to late June than they did six months earlier in mid to late January.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00058-00040304-00040688 This demonstrates the importance of the Earth's position
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00059-00040768-00041280 in its orbit for seasons for us here in the northern hemisphere.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00060-00041376-00042056 But lots of people live in the southern hemisphere, so let's drag our observer down to
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00061-00042056-00042760 the south. We'll put them at about the latitude of say Argentina. I know, Argentina is hidden. It can
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00062-00042760-00043216 go a little bit further south than South Africa. You'll have to trust me, Argentina will show up
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00063-00043216-00043832 eventually, but on this date—June 24th—well let me just back up. We'll go to the twenty-first.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00064-00043968-00044760 So on the date of the solstice, which marks the beginning of northern summer, the conditions
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00065-00044760-00045568 which set up summer in the northern hemisphere are flipped in the southern hemisphere. Whereas in the
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00066-00045568-00046216 north these sunlight rays are pointing almost straight down and they're very closely packed,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00067-00046272-00046712 now once again they're coming in at a glancing angle, and they're pretty spread out.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00068-00046904-00047760 And, whereas up here in the north we get long time of daylight and only a short amount of darkness,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00069-00047760-00048392 the opposite is true in the south. There's a short amount of daylight and a long amount of darkness,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00070-00048392-00048936 and as a consequence, when we experience summer here in the northern hemisphere
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00071-00049128-00049504 our neighbors in the southern hemisphere are experiencing winter.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00072-00049936-00050640 What about at the equator? You'll notice that at the equator, even here
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00073-00050640-00051168 at the summer solstice, when the conditions in the northern and southern hemispheres
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00074-00051168-00051616 have reached an extreme, so they have very long days and very short nights in the north,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00075-00051616-00052367 for example, there are still exactly 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness at the equator.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00076-00052696-00053384 That's going to be true year round, and so we eliminate one of those factors that creates hot
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00077-00053384-00054152 summers and cold winters. At the same time, you can see that those rays from the sun
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00078-00054216-00054960 are pretty straight up and down at the beginning of this next segment that we saw,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00079-00055152-00055544 and then they get very straight up and down when the Sun crosses the equator.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00080-00055544-00055952 And now, even here as we get towards the beginning of northern winter,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00081-00055952-00056608 the Sun's rays—while tilted—are still more or less vertical. So the tips of those
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00082-00056664-00057224 sunlight rays—those arrows—are still pretty closely packed. So someone living at the equator
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00083-00057224-00057760 is going to get pretty intense heating from the sunlight, regardless of what time of year it is.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00084-00057848-00058448 It can change a little bi,t but not nearly as much as the dramatic variations that we experience here
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00085-00058448-00059008 in the north or that people who live in the southern hemisphere would also experience.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00086-00059008-00059679 And that's why the seasons—if you live within the tropics, so close to the equator—are
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00087-00059736-00060304 much less pronounced. You don't get a big change in the heat that you get from the Sun over the
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00088-00060304-00060984 course of a year, and therefore the seasons in the tropics are much more closely driven by local
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00089-00061088-00061784 geographic conditions—things like ocean currents, wind, like trade winds, things like that.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00090-00061920-00062312 Thanks for watching this video. I hope that you've learned a little bit
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00091-00062312-00062864 about how seasons can depend on the location of an observer
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00092-00062864-00063255 and how they relate to the amount of light that's coming in from the Sun.
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00093-00063472-00064152 As i let things play out, I'll show you how light changes for someone in the southern hemisphere,
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00094-00064279-00064624 and I'll thank you for watching. I hope to see you again soon
ruofQ6oJ0EA-00095-00064624-00065144 for another demonstration in astronomy. Bye for now.
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rwFTsjTLRQ0-00005-00003456-00003879 their open structure allows easy water flow and oxygen gas removal
rwFTsjTLRQ0-00006-00003879-00004528 and our fibers are efficient electron conductors the ptl interface is tuned to the electrode
rwFTsjTLRQ0-00007-00004528-00005264 and bipolar plates for example through protective platinum coatings and fine surface structures
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rwFTsjTLRQ0-00010-00006352-00007184 and continuous investments allowed us to reach a gigawatt scale production footprint
rz6ETkSkG6g-00000-00000302-00000644 motivation by Yara Owies
rz6ETkSkG6g-00012-00004666-00004816 آن الأوان لتنطلق
r-9osRqRWx8-00000-00000088-00000640 we've talked a lot on the channel about wim hof his breathing techniques and the benefits of cold
r-9osRqRWx8-00001-00000640-00001280 therapy or cold showers one of the known benefits of applying the wim hof technique and taking cold
r-9osRqRWx8-00002-00001280-00001839 showers is an improved immune system with many saying they no longer feel unwell and haven't
r-9osRqRWx8-00003-00001839-00002496 been sick for an extended period of time in this video i explore deeper into the idea of how the
r-9osRqRWx8-00004-00002496-00003136 wim hof method benefits our immune system delving into studies conducted and what this can mean for
r-9osRqRWx8-00005-00003136-00003704 your health and why you feel less sickness when practicing the wim hof method some of
r-9osRqRWx8-00006-00003704-00004256 the discussion points are startling especially the effects the wim hof technique has on the body and
r-9osRqRWx8-00007-00004256-00004808 the science behind its benefits with the content based on the results seen in a study conducted
r-9osRqRWx8-00008-00004808-00005400 by radbird university on the voluntary activation of the sympathetic nervous system and attenuation
r-9osRqRWx8-00009-00005400-00006072 of the innate immune response in humans so with all that said let's delve deeper into the subject
r-9osRqRWx8-00010-00006216-00006904 how the immune system works so before we begin looking into what was tested in the results found
r-9osRqRWx8-00011-00006904-00007320 it's probably of benefit to understand the foundations behind the theory of these tests
r-9osRqRWx8-00012-00007392-00007984 the idea is that when bacteria even dead bacteria as found in inactive vaccines
r-9osRqRWx8-00013-00007984-00008488 are introduced to the body they often cause our innate immune response to act by triggering the
r-9osRqRWx8-00014-00008488-00009112 release of proteins and physiological changes to help prepare the body to fight infection this is
r-9osRqRWx8-00015-00009112-00009728 why you often feel sick whether it be temperature changes headaches shivers or other sensations
r-9osRqRWx8-00016-00009816-00010240 it's traditionally believed that we can't control our innate immune response
r-9osRqRWx8-00017-00010240-00010912 as it's dependent on the autonomic nervous system which the body controls automatically however
r-9osRqRWx8-00018-00010912-00011408 what has been found was that when wim hof uses his breathing technique he was able to dampen
r-9osRqRWx8-00019-00011408-00011992 the effects of the innate immune response feeling less and well the test conducted
r-9osRqRWx8-00020-00012144-00012664 given the results seen when testing wim hof it was questioned whether this ability to control
r-9osRqRWx8-00021-00012664-00013224 the autonomic nervous system was unique to him or whether it could be applied to other people
r-9osRqRWx8-00022-00013376-00013640 therefore a large-scale study was carried out
r-9osRqRWx8-00023-00013752-00014384 for the test 30 healthy men volunteered 18 of which were trained in the wim hof method the
r-9osRqRWx8-00024-00014384-00015119 remaining 12 untrained the 18 spent four days in poland being trained by wim hof himself learning
r-9osRqRWx8-00025-00015119-00015688 how to do his breathing methods and learn about and practice cold therapy the other 12 were
r-9osRqRWx8-00026-00015688-00016200 injected with the endotoxin being used to test the effects it would have on the body when the group
r-9osRqRWx8-00027-00016200-00016696 training with them half returned they too were injected with the endotoxin for the experiment
r-9osRqRWx8-00028-00016816-00017432 the results so with both groups being tested in their response to the endotoxin
r-9osRqRWx8-00029-00017432-00018056 what was found well simply put the group that practiced the wim hof method did show signs of
r-9osRqRWx8-00030-00018056-00018600 being able to dampen the effects of the innate immune response just as wim hof had whereas the
r-9osRqRWx8-00031-00018600-00019120 group who didn't do any of the practices followed the expected course of feeling unwell but this
r-9osRqRWx8-00032-00019120-00019760 leads us to then ask the question why is this well as part of the study many factors were taken into
r-9osRqRWx8-00033-00019760-00020296 consideration and the volunteers were monitored to see their biological responses to the endotoxins
r-9osRqRWx8-00034-00020448-00021120 why this occurred the first factor to take into consideration is that adrenaline levels
r-9osRqRWx8-00035-00021120-00021728 were increased in the group that practiced the wim hof method with adrenaline the cytokine or
r-9osRqRWx8-00036-00021728-00022360 small protein interleukin 10 levels increased meaning this had an anti-inflammatory effect
r-9osRqRWx8-00037-00022360-00022760 as it inhibits the release of other proteins that increase inflammation
r-9osRqRWx8-00038-00022880-00023488 you might think this might inhibit your recovery as well though right well it turns out while
r-9osRqRWx8-00039-00023488-00024080 proteins were inhibited white blood cells which combats infection actually increased in
r-9osRqRWx8-00040-00024080-00024536 those who practice the wim hof method meaning they were also able to recover more quickly
r-9osRqRWx8-00041-00024696-00025272 what this could mean so we've understood that using the wim hof technique can help us have
r-9osRqRWx8-00042-00025272-00025752 some level of control in our autonomous nervous system and thus dampen the effects
r-9osRqRWx8-00043-00025752-00026304 of the innate immune response helping us feel healthier despite the body combating infection
r-9osRqRWx8-00044-00026408-00027039 however what does this actually mean in practice well it's an important finding in the field of
r-9osRqRWx8-00045-00027039-00027504 human biology as we previously didn't know that we could potentially control the autonomous
r-9osRqRWx8-00046-00027504-00028183 nervous system thus regulate the healing process equally important this raises further questions
r-9osRqRWx8-00047-00028288-00028768 especially as it could help us understand how to cope with autoimmune disease where the immune
r-9osRqRWx8-00048-00028768-00029408 system mistakenly attacks the body and could lead to some serious issues so it's worth understanding
r-9osRqRWx8-00049-00029408-00030016 and practicing the wim hof method as now we can better understand why the iceman never gets sick
r-9osRqRWx8-00050-00030295-00030768 were you aware of the effects of using the wim hof technique let me know in the comment section
r-9osRqRWx8-00051-00030768-00031360 below please like share and subscribe as we help you live life on your terms don't forget to hit
r-9osRqRWx8-00052-00031360-00032120 the bell icon to ensure youtube notifies you the latest uploads thanks for watching
rG7WaSjJBT0-00000-00000000-00000608 so i picked up my acorn one time it was a spider in it so technically they weren't wrong but it's
rG7WaSjJBT0-00001-00000608-00001208 not but it's not fast oh my that just bro that when i get so upset when people take a thing and
rG7WaSjJBT0-00002-00001208-00001584 just run it as facts like there's somebody there's something in my life i'm not gonna put it i'm not
rG7WaSjJBT0-00003-00001584-00002072 gonna throw them under the bus right now but they love to take a thing that is factual in the moment
rG7WaSjJBT0-00004-00002072-00002760 like it it's a fact in that instance right so they'll be like um you'll see you'll see a pimple
rG7WaSjJBT0-00005-00002760-00003128 with a spotted pimple just a pitbull with some spots on it right and they'll come up to me and
rG7WaSjJBT0-00006-00003128-00003679 be like yo all people's got spots like i'm telling you right now i just saw people and all of them
rG7WaSjJBT0-00007-00003679-00004112 are spotted and like they're they're an expert all of a sudden because they experience this one thing
rG7WaSjJBT0-00008-00004208-00004696 and it's kind of like they're a little dramatic that they don't they're not always being serious
rG7WaSjJBT0-00009-00004696-00005184 but when you when you don't kind of identify that within yourself you you let it leak out
rG7WaSjJBT0-00010-00005184-00005712 into real life situations so now if somebody comes to you with advice and you think you know
rG7WaSjJBT0-00011-00005712-00006176 everything about them you'll be like oh no do this and that this is a bad person because i've
rG7WaSjJBT0-00012-00006176-00006512 handled this before i've seen a person like this before when they don't know the other person's
rG7WaSjJBT0-00013-00006512-00007040 circumstance see that's exactly where you have to be careful with giving advice because once you
rG7WaSjJBT0-00014-00007040-00007600 start giving advice because i don't give advice um i give encouragement once you start giving advice
rG7WaSjJBT0-00015-00007656-00008296 it's basically saying you need to do this because this is what i know yeah in his life exactly what
rG7WaSjJBT0-00016-00008296-00008696 you did is not going to work for this person because one they're feeling things different
rG7WaSjJBT0-00017-00008696-00009168 even though it's the same emotions like because we we recycle the same emotions
rG7WaSjJBT0-00018-00009168-00009744 because we're humans we're all connected but we feel things differently so it's like
rG7WaSjJBT0-00019-00009744-00010336 i'm gonna do this this way you do this this way we're going to meet up somewhere somewhere
rG7WaSjJBT0-00020-00010336-00010848 yeah there's going to be some sort of but it's not the same outcome because
rG7WaSjJBT0-00021-00010848-00011280 you're you may be a different person than when you were before i met you yeah and i'm i could
rG7WaSjJBT0-00022-00011280-00011920 be elevated or i could be just feeling depressed and down in the dirt all from the same situation
rI1_MF79oO0-00000-00000927-00001448 As 5G developments get underway, the focus of wireless research is shifting towards the
rI1_MF79oO0-00001-00001448-00002152 definition of 6G. In this process, sophisticated technologies such as Terahertz communications,
rI1_MF79oO0-00002-00002152-00002824 ultra-massive MIMO, or network virtualization and disaggregation are coming into play. Their
rI1_MF79oO0-00003-00002824-00003368 adoption will boost network performance with reduced latencies at the sub-millisecond scale,
rI1_MF79oO0-00004-00003368-00004047 terabyte-per-second peak data rates, or location accuracy of centimeter resolution. This, in turn,
rI1_MF79oO0-00005-00004047-00004504 will enable futuristic use cases such as holographic communications,
rI1_MF79oO0-00006-00004504-00005104 tactile internet for remote operations, or massive connectivity. However, efficiently
rI1_MF79oO0-00007-00005104-00005712 running 6G networks will become increasingly complex. And to manage such complexity, higher
rI1_MF79oO0-00008-00005712-00006264 automation levels will be needed. In fulfilling these goals, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and
rI1_MF79oO0-00009-00006264-00006895 Machine Learning techniques will play a pivotal role. Designing communication systems requires
rI1_MF79oO0-00010-00006895-00007488 many experts from a variety of fields that interact with each other. The ARISTIDES project
rI1_MF79oO0-00011-00007488-00008095 is focused on what we call the physical layer. Once the stream of data is converted into bits,
rI1_MF79oO0-00012-00008095-00008520 the physical layer processes it into electromagnetic signals which travel through
rI1_MF79oO0-00013-00008520-00009032 the air and are steered towards the receiver where the original data is accurately reconstructed.
rI1_MF79oO0-00014-00009176-00009688 This process involves numerous steps which have been refined over decades with sophisticated
rI1_MF79oO0-00015-00009688-00010360 mathematics and engineering. Today, AI methods have reached maturity and can assist these
rI1_MF79oO0-00016-00010360-00010912 processing steps to boost performance, robustness, and the reliability of the physical layer.
rI1_MF79oO0-00017-00011144-00011856 In the ARISTIDES project, we at CTTC investigate how to further develop AI, machine and statistical
rI1_MF79oO0-00018-00011856-00012344 learning techniques as well as how to harness their potential for the design of beyond-5G
rI1_MF79oO0-00019-00012344-00012896 and 6G networks. We also assess their performance in proof-of-concept demonstrators.
rI1_MF79oO0-00020-00013376-00014008 Our experimental platform is composed of modern equipment such as GPU-equipped workstations,
rI1_MF79oO0-00021-00014008-00014616 software-defined radio modules, clock distribution, and patch antenna arrays. This
rI1_MF79oO0-00022-00014616-00015280 equipment allows us to simulate a broad range of settings for a 5G or 6G air interface. For
rI1_MF79oO0-00023-00015280-00015816 example, we can experiment with neural networks to replace the traditional
rI1_MF79oO0-00024-00015816-00016392 well-known family of QAM modulations with more efficient deep learning solutions that
rI1_MF79oO0-00025-00016392-00016904 do align signals on a 2D grid but in a more high-dimensional signal space.
rI1_MF79oO0-00026-00016960-00017504 This allows for a more efficient separation of codewords and lower bit error rates.
rI1_MF79oO0-00027-00017560-00018048 Part of this demonstration was featured at the Mobile World Congress 2022.
rI1_MF79oO0-00028-00018312-00018864 We also apply Machine Learning tools based on Bayesian Inference and Factor Graphs to
rI1_MF79oO0-00029-00018864-00019544 cooperative indoor positioning problems. We design robust algorithms and test them
rI1_MF79oO0-00030-00019544-00020184 on ultra-wideband commercial devices. Their performance beats that of traditional methods.
rI1_MF79oO0-00031-00020184-00021184 A data set from the experiments is now openly available in the Zenodo public repository.
rI1_MF79oO0-00032-00021352-00021832 We also investigate how to improve Global Navigation Satellite Systems. In order
rI1_MF79oO0-00033-00021832-00022400 to tackle the challenges arising in modern navigation and positioning systems and services,
rI1_MF79oO0-00034-00022400-00022928 our research approach is based on the systematic application of statistical inference and
rI1_MF79oO0-00035-00022928-00023560 adaptative algorithms to the design of navigation devices. We have developed a software-defined GPS
rI1_MF79oO0-00036-00023560-00024032 and Galileo receiver with state-of-the-art performance. Our testbed has allowed us
rI1_MF79oO0-00037-00024032-00024512 to test and improve our implementations in a continuous and systematic fashion.
rI1_MF79oO0-00038-00024512-00025384 This has resulted into more than 35 publications and a freely available open-source code.
rI1_MF79oO0-00039-00025440-00025895 On the more theoretical side, as an example, we have applied modern AI techniques such as
rI1_MF79oO0-00040-00025895-00026320 Reinforcement Learning to random access problems and, by doing so, we managed to
rI1_MF79oO0-00041-00026320-00026824 outperform conventional techniques on speed and accuracy by margins of up to 30 percent.
rI1_MF79oO0-00042-00026895-00027336 These and other results have been published in prestigious journals and flagship conferences
rI1_MF79oO0-00043-00027336-00027888 of the IEEE with over 15 articles and 30 papers, respectively. In addition, we are
rI1_MF79oO0-00044-00027888-00028448 supervising one PhD thesis on AI and Machine Learning for multiple-antenna systems. We have
rI1_MF79oO0-00045-00028448-00028895 also collaborated with renowned researchers from the Imperial College London in the UK,
rI1_MF79oO0-00046-00028952-00029632 EPFL in Switzerland, Texas A&M University in the US, to name a few. Leveraging on ARISTIDES' work
rI1_MF79oO0-00047-00029632-00030056 has allowed us to participate in projects funded by the European Commission mostly
rI1_MF79oO0-00048-00030056-00030760 within the 5G-PPP program, the European Space Agency, or national programmes such as UNICO 5GI+D.
rI1_MF79oO0-00049-00030864-00031376 And, finally, we have actively collaborated in technology transfer projects and disseminated
rI1_MF79oO0-00050-00031376-00031960 our work to companies such as Airbus, Huawei, Worldsensing, Nokia or NVIDIA.
rI1_MF79oO0-00051-00032304-00033784 CTTC - Advanced research for everyday life
rJl3fP-rQcI-00000-00000024-00000832 hi guys welcome back i'm andrea and i'm larry and today what do we have another magical pick-me-up
rJl3fP-rQcI-00001-00000832-00001848 box yay yay yes so excited i love these boxes and olivia does send you a preference list and you
rJl3fP-rQcI-00002-00001848-00002632 tell her the top five characters and items you like characters from you know movies yeah um i
rJl3fP-rQcI-00003-00002632-00003288 think i put like alice in wonderland i like alice in wonderland obviously mickey chippendale i like
rJl3fP-rQcI-00004-00003288-00003904 lotso yeah i said bing bong but they don't have a lot of which is strange because he's a really good
rJl3fP-rQcI-00005-00003904-00004664 character he is i love being bombed yeah this guy and if you have a chance to get one of these guys
rJl3fP-rQcI-00006-00004760-00005360 he smells amazing it does he smells like cotton candy smells like cotton candy anyway onto the
rJl3fP-rQcI-00007-00005360-00006120 box yep here we go sidetracked okay here's our box yay we've had some really good stuff
rJl3fP-rQcI-00008-00006120-00007008 come out of these boxes so i'm excited yeah all right got some foozo got some foosil in here yeah
rJl3fP-rQcI-00009-00007144-00007656 andrea i hope you love your september box wishing you and larry magical day
rJl3fP-rQcI-00010-00007656-00008256 very nice thank you olivia yes olivia's so nice it's kind of fun to do the impossible
rJl3fP-rQcI-00011-00008424-00009384 i like it all right so i'm just going to get into it do it get in there oh my god oh gosh
rJl3fP-rQcI-00012-00009776-00009984 these are awesome those are awesome
rJl3fP-rQcI-00013-00010208-00010488 okay thank you look at his teeth
rJl3fP-rQcI-00014-00010624-00011384 yeah that's good look at this headband oh his ears look at his teeth though
rJl3fP-rQcI-00015-00011816-00012176 yep nail for you i'm wearing these
rJl3fP-rQcI-00016-00012240-00012784 let's see i don't make this stabbed in the head with that thing
rJl3fP-rQcI-00017-00013240-00013952 i feel like it's a little hard no i think they're just the way they're perched on the ears
rJl3fP-rQcI-00018-00013952-00014384 they're kind of really leaning forward maybe just because of being packed maybe they'll straighten
rJl3fP-rQcI-00019-00014384-00015296 up so they're like looking more forward these are awesome yeah those are cool oh yeah wow all right
rJl3fP-rQcI-00020-00015432-00015919 those are good ones i like these yeah chip and dale probably again one of our you know
rJl3fP-rQcI-00021-00015919-00016448 favorite characters they're fun and they're fun yeah yeah character meet greece with chip and
rJl3fP-rQcI-00022-00016448-00017016 dale are always really fun yeah definitely these are great great they're really soft
rJl3fP-rQcI-00023-00017016-00017624 they are soft the only part about these ears is they kind of squeeze my head a little bit
rJl3fP-rQcI-00024-00017712-00018424 well they won't fall off they won't they won't fall off but i might get a headache i don't know
rJl3fP-rQcI-00025-00018584-00018992 well maybe somebody with a bigger edge to wear for a little while and then you know kind of
rJl3fP-rQcI-00026-00019184-00019784 i don't know who that would be but
rJl3fP-rQcI-00027-00020152-00020352 you feel like they're going to fall off early
rJl3fP-rQcI-00028-00020776-00021392 so where they're supposed to be dang right there yes okay
rJl3fP-rQcI-00029-00021520-00022320 well you know let's see how that goes there you go i like them i like these ears
rJl3fP-rQcI-00030-00022320-00022864 those are flat ears yeah those are good all right okay back to the back of the box yep here we go
rJl3fP-rQcI-00031-00023168-00023520 okay so in here we have a mickey and friends
rJl3fP-rQcI-00032-00023728-00024288 it looks like here what is that like a little is that like a mystery back um it looks like
rJl3fP-rQcI-00033-00024288-00025064 it says collect them all oh cool so we got some on this side donald minnie mickey scrooge daisy
rJl3fP-rQcI-00034-00025120-00025520 and then um oh there's a hidden one too there and there's hidden there's like a hidden
rJl3fP-rQcI-00035-00025520-00026783 goofy and pluto there's nothing let's open up here let's go i don't think i've seen one of these
rJl3fP-rQcI-00036-00027536-00028183 so this is the possibilities and then the mystery one is right there
rJl3fP-rQcI-00037-00028327-00029000 okay okay that's probably very loud um i'm going to guess judging by let me look real quick
rJl3fP-rQcI-00038-00029352-00029760 it's probably really loud as he keeps on doing it but i want to see how good
rJl3fP-rQcI-00039-00029760-00030376 are you doing like i've heard um you know the wishables yeah so you have to kind of figure out
rJl3fP-rQcI-00040-00030376-00030927 which one is which by feeling what's in the bag so i just want to see where i'm at okay because i i
rJl3fP-rQcI-00041-00030927-00031327 definitely think it's you know it's hard to tell i don't want to make any more noise but i definitely
rJl3fP-rQcI-00042-00031327-00032080 think it's either mickey or minnie oh really i do because i think it has the round ears okay um or
rJl3fP-rQcI-00043-00032080-00032664 it's a because the hidden one or the or the hidden one um but i definitely feel like mouse ears so
rJl3fP-rQcI-00044-00032720-00033784 i'm gonna go with that um let's see here we go oh yeah and it was right it is of course many
rJl3fP-rQcI-00045-00033888-00034304 i could definitely feel the roundness of the ear she was cute yeah like a nice big smile
rJl3fP-rQcI-00046-00034448-00035104 of course polka dot bow and a little polka dot outfit i like it yeah that's fun that's cool
rJl3fP-rQcI-00047-00035104-00035856 oh look nice on our shelves we just put up some shelves in our room to kind of have a backdrop for
rJl3fP-rQcI-00048-00036024-00036280 our videos it's a little dark though
rJl3fP-rQcI-00049-00036400-00037232 yeah yeah it needs a little tweaking but you know work in progress jinx okay next thing
rJl3fP-rQcI-00050-00037536-00038632 what is this hong kong disneyland 15. that's cool is it like a little right oh it is that is cool
rJl3fP-rQcI-00051-00038744-00039640 you see the hong kong disneyland 15. it's got mickey and minnie on there but when you
rJl3fP-rQcI-00052-00039640-00040320 open it it's got like a journal and then look at this how cute is this are they supposed to
rJl3fP-rQcI-00053-00040320-00041120 they look like it yeah they're post-its it's got donald and daisy chip and dale tinkerbell
rJl3fP-rQcI-00054-00041208-00042000 is that goofy and pluto that's really cute i can use this i wonder what the disneyland 15.
rJl3fP-rQcI-00055-00042096-00042688 hong kong maybe hong kong's been um 15 years oh okay yeah let's look that up and
rJl3fP-rQcI-00056-00042688-00043208 see yeah i'm not sure when they opened we knew it that is really cute though
rJl3fP-rQcI-00057-00043208-00043952 yes got some yeah those are cool post-its bunch of different sizes oh that's cool it's very bright
rJl3fP-rQcI-00058-00044016-00044744 oh yeah okay so we have pretty big it is big good size so this i have another of course
rJl3fP-rQcI-00059-00044744-00045632 little green sticker whatever that means we have a disneyland again disneyland 15 uh magnet there
rJl3fP-rQcI-00060-00045768-00046384 cool little scene it is a good sized magnet and it's it's like palm size look how thick that is
rJl3fP-rQcI-00061-00046656-00047144 yeah and of course has a great big magnet on the back too for a good sized magnet but yeah it looks
rJl3fP-rQcI-00062-00047144-00048072 like a scene here with goofy and mickey daisy chip and dale uh donald pluto there tinkerbell up there
rJl3fP-rQcI-00063-00048072-00048728 on top cute i like it yeah it was the cool colors nice pop a lot really very what's in the middle
rJl3fP-rQcI-00064-00048728-00049184 glittery is that the camera that's the castle castle in the middle there is chippendale have
rJl3fP-rQcI-00065-00049304-00049576 what do they have on there um it looks like they have some sort of like little
rJl3fP-rQcI-00066-00049688-00050248 oh they're top hats oh they are top cats they are okay yeah so some sort of celebration going
rJl3fP-rQcI-00067-00050248-00051328 on here yeah oh yeah that's cool good size magazine those ears are good so yeah that was
rJl3fP-rQcI-00068-00051328-00051784 a great box it was good i really like those the little book there with the post-its yeah that's
rJl3fP-rQcI-00069-00051784-00052424 cool i can use this too yeah definitely i like getting swords i think it has a different sizes
rJl3fP-rQcI-00070-00052496-00053136 like if you notice the different sizes of post-its in there right it's kind of cool yeah there's a
rJl3fP-rQcI-00071-00053136-00053744 little little one right here i think about one it's so cute i like it i know where to put minnie
rJl3fP-rQcI-00072-00053928-00054352 got that in the ears and of course the magnet yep on the fridge on the fridge it goes
rJl3fP-rQcI-00073-00054504-00054944 yes so if you guys ever order one of these box to see our video let them
rJl3fP-rQcI-00074-00054944-00055528 know that our castle life sent you um tell olivia to say we just love this video and
rJl3fP-rQcI-00075-00055528-00056144 and we want a box yeah yeah we've been very surprised uh just the really cool stuff we
rJl3fP-rQcI-00076-00056144-00056736 can get from this box here yeah right yeah it's fun because it's different so we're
rJl3fP-rQcI-00077-00056736-00057224 not in hong kong right we can't get can you get a little handwritten little little card here
rJl3fP-rQcI-00078-00057512-00058120 yeah it's the little things it is little touches yeah thank you olivia yeah thank you very much
rJl3fP-rQcI-00079-00058200-00058800 great box and if you guys like this content and us opening boxes and other stuff don't
rJl3fP-rQcI-00080-00058800-00059264 forget to hit that subscribe button that like button and the bell button get those
rJl3fP-rQcI-00081-00059264-00059824 notifications when we post new videos right yes at least once a week at least once a week
rJl3fP-rQcI-00082-00059936-00061255 yes all right so thanks for joining us we'll see you guys in the next video all right bye
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00000-00000064-00000112 thank you
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00001-00000536-00001216 my heart's painting this is so exciting there are times i think where accelerated manifestation
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00002-00001280-00001864 might be desirable it never is though if you accelerate a manifestation before your
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00003-00001864-00002576 ability to allow it it will beat you up okay you don't want to force it you don't want to
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00004-00002576-00003064 goal set it into being okay you want to trust that the goal has already been set
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00005-00003144-00003568 that the desire has already been established and that the cooperative components have already been
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00006-00003568-00004384 assembled and then you want to relax in to your translation of the path to the fullness of it
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00007-00004520-00004832 what i'm particularly thinking about is spontaneous healing
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00008-00004928-00005664 or where someone has an undesirable condition you all are so interested in instantaneously going
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00009-00005664-00006431 isn't there anything desirable about the journey you have to accept the desirability of the journey
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00010-00006431-00006928 instead of the instant manifestation otherwise you're in seattle now
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00011-00007159-00007416 i guess it seems kind of fun for something like a
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00012-00007488-00007992 what we call our humans call a miracle sometimes that seems fascinating to me for some reason
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00013-00008056-00008680 well we think that it is interesting that's our most polite word
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00014-00008904-00009744 that humans want to call natural universal response miraculous let us define what humans
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00015-00009744-00010392 mean as a miracle i offer a vibration totally apart from what i want and law of attraction makes
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00016-00010392-00010912 me the exception to the universe and gives me something that's different from what i'm vibrating
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00017-00010912-00011432 and the shock of it because it's so not the next logical step seems miraculous
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00018-00011912-00012344 because when you witness it in others you cannot understand the vibrational
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00019-00012344-00013063 journey that they have taken it's always the next logical step before it happens and so we get what
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00020-00013063-00013719 you mean you're talking about getting the normal conditional timeline out of it and approaching it
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00021-00013719-00014328 only from a vibrational standpoint and that really is what we mean when you use the word
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00022-00014328-00014912 miraculous or something that happens suddenly it means a shift in vibration that allows
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00023-00014912-00015456 manifestation to quickly catch up with it and these are the requirements for that stronger
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00024-00015456-00016112 than usual desire extraordinary desire and focus that is so powerful that the resistance that is
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00025-00016112-00016704 normally there is temporarily set aside and is dominated by the power of the focus of desire
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00026-00016880-00017608 but why put yourself in a position where you need to focus that powerfully to begin with just do
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00027-00017608-00018144 maintenance steadily the maintenance of your alignment will keep you living happily
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00028-00018144-00018760 ever after usually when people are looking for something that is miraculous it is not so much
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00029-00018760-00019320 for their own satisfaction because it's been a rocky ride it's for the approval of others
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00030-00019320-00020064 it's for the way it would appear to others i've accomplished this miraculous thing and therefore
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00031-00020064-00020752 i may be more highly revered and we say everybody gets whatever it is they're focusing upon
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00032-00020752-00021424 relaxing into the natural abundance of well-being is a much more normal from
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00033-00021424-00022136 your non-physical understanding standpoint yeah okay this is what you're reaching for
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00034-00022136-00022584 and this is the reason that your question is so important and powerful
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00035-00022704-00023376 in every moment in time the universe law of attraction your source has lined up
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00036-00023480-00023984 many many avenues to get you right to where you want to be on any subject
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00037-00024216-00024336 if you could accomplish
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00038-00024568-00025048 an immediate and complete releasing of resistance
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00039-00025280-00025704 all that you want would come and that really is what that death experience that our friend was
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00040-00025704-00026608 talking about that sudden releasing of all resistance and the immediate accomplishment
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00041-00026608-00027304 of the fullness of everything that has been accumulated over many lifetimes in the vortex
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00042-00027416-00028183 and so as you seek that in your physical format the same thing is required but it is sort of
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00043-00028183-00029016 illogical that you would suddenly stop offering the vibration that represents the beliefs that
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00044-00029016-00029504 you hold the beliefs that you hold are patterns of thought aren't they they're patterns of thought
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00045-00029504-00030016 so sometimes you can be in the presence of someone else who is really tuned in tapped in turned on
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00046-00030016-00030848 and they can influence you for a while but you can't depend upon the influence of another no one
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00047-00030848-00031608 is going to hold you as their singular object of attention while they can influence and so we think
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00048-00031704-00032264 a steadier footing is to just understand that you can tell by the way you feel how in sync
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00049-00032264-00032752 with well-being you are and just keep it up and the well-being will just keep demonstrating
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00050-00032752-00033784 in endless ways through ideas physical vitality physical flexibility physical longevity yeah
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00051-00033904-00034504 it's sort of like deciding that you're going to get an education and going to a very prestigious
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00052-00034784-00035664 college or university to accomplish it and walking in the door and just saying give it to me now
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00053-00035848-00036600 what what do you want i want my credentials now here's my money give me my
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00054-00036600-00037360 certificates and they would say to you well certainly that will come with time
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00055-00037360-00038112 but there is a journey of unfolding for you to enjoy there's knowledge related to this there's
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00056-00038112-00038696 experience related to this there's opportunity related to this there's life related to this
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00057-00038784-00039416 you really don't just want that certificate now many think they do i just want the certificate
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00058-00039416-00040008 i don't want the means to it i just want the certificate because i want the means after it
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00059-00040008-00040736 and we say there are a lot of things that humans do that prevent them from enjoying life as deficit
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00060-00040736-00041272 is spoon fed to them day by day by day by day not one of you said i'll be born and then i'll die
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00061-00041472-00041752 now one of you said i'll go i'll get it over really quick
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00062-00041856-00042400 not one of you said i'll go and i'll experience nothing and i'll learn everything
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00063-00042592-00043264 you all said let me into the experience because of the delicious feeling of expansion
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00064-00043328-00043968 now let's apply that to the idea of healing the delicious feeling of expansion
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00065-00044032-00044408 the delicious feeling of moving towards something wanted
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00066-00044504-00044984 don't you occasionally you're the wrong crowd to ask but don't you occasionally enjoy a hunger pain
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00067-00045544-00045800 esther had one the other day and she thought she was dying
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00068-00045944-00046384 what's this feeling i don't recognize this feeling
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00069-00046824-00047208 this is related i think i have the answer but with respect to the
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00070-00047264-00047952 decline that we generally associate with moving through time the unnecessary decline
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00071-00048016-00048576 perpetuated by self by holding oneself in resistance of energy summoned
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00072-00048752-00049184 do one of two things stop summoning the energy or stop blocking the energy you're summoning
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00073-00049360-00049704 and since you can't stop summoning we recommend the second
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00074-00050024-00050720 okay continue we jumped right in the middle of that but okay see i can articulate it differently
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00075-00050720-00051120 well i i'm gonna get you anyway so might as well just blurt it out
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00076-00051336-00051888 you've also said this is all sort of part of the same thing that if we believe that
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00077-00051888-00052504 we could regrow a limb we would it's all on the line of this miraculous that's gotten my
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00078-00052632-00053320 attention it's really just how do you increase your knowing that that's possible here's the
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00079-00053320-00054072 thing we so enjoy this question and we really want you to understand the basis of our answer
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00080-00054255-00055096 this is the tricky thing about that so here's this vortex that's full of everything that you want
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00081-00055096-00055464 it's full of all the so-called miracles that you're looking for
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00082-00055520-00056120 and here you are in some relationship to that so let's say for whatever reason you're up
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00083-00056120-00056672 close to it you're vibrating right there with it and so ideas are beginning to occur to you
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00084-00056752-00057448 well as you are a vibrational match to what's in your vortex now you begin translating into
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00085-00057448-00058024 meaningful ways that's how thoughts are turned to things that's how thoughts are turned to ideas and
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00086-00058024-00058520 that's how ideas are turned to rendezvousing and that's how rendezvousing is turned
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00087-00058520-00059544 to manifesting in other words that's how the vibration becomes so as you are understanding that
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00088-00059544-00060216 it is this vibrational becoming that you have to be in the vicinity for it to even occur to you
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00089-00060216-00060767 that's why it's the next logical step and the next logical step and the next logical step and
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00090-00060767-00061640 the next logical step so amazing things happen to you but when they do they don't feel like miracles
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00091-00061640-00062408 they feel like the next logical step and for those who are looking for the miraculous in other words
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00092-00062408-00063008 the surprise or the something that just knocks you over you're really asking to make a bigger
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00093-00063008-00063704 vibrational jump than most are going to make now again you stand before jesus dripping your illness
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00094-00063704-00064191 and he knows so clearly your wellness that he does not see your illness and because he knows
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00095-00064191-00064928 it so profoundly he influences your vibration for the moment when you are near him your illness
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00096-00064928-00065520 cannot even exist in that vibration because there is so much knowledge of your wellness
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00097-00065704-00066184 but you cannot depend on someone else who is physically focused
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00098-00066184-00066880 to hold you as their singular gaze when it was always your intention to discover your
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00099-00066880-00067424 own alignment to it and so that's why these two thoughts don't go very well together
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00100-00067424-00068160 because once you practice an idea until you own it and it starts manifesting now what manifests feels
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00101-00068160-00068624 normal to you because you've been practicing the vibration of it you see what we're getting at
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00102-00068704-00069328 so people who are asking for those quantum leaps or those miracles are usually looking
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00103-00069328-00069960 at someone else whose vibrational journey they do not understand you cannot understand what's going
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00104-00069960-00070560 on with anyone else because you don't know what vibration of desire they held you don't know what
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00105-00070560-00071224 their vibration of allowing was but you can tell with yourself we are not for a moment discouraging
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00106-00071224-00071824 any of you from having as much success as you seek on any subject as quickly as you can have it
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00107-00071824-00072432 but we think that it's very helpful to understand that you can feel emotionally how you're doing and
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00108-00072432-00073008 when you feel ease when you feel calm when you feel just the logic of your natural well-being
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00109-00073008-00073464 then you are in that place where well-being will just keep showing itself to you in many
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00110-00073464-00074384 many ways and for most humans it just squirts through the cracks that you accidentally allow
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00111-00074496-00074680 thank goodness sometimes you sleep
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00112-00075056-00075784 thank you clear enough perfect thank you really good
rKqWM8Nk9Ru-00113-00076168-00076176 you
rNNNNZr619g-00000-00000686-00000766 hup! slask!
rNNNNZr619g-00001-00002474-00002554 wuw! slask!
rNNNNZr619g-00002-00004886-00005070 go you at god!
rNNNNZr619g-00003-00006158-00006270 zbling! zblang!
rNNNNZr619g-00004-00008224-00008380 drumng!
rNNNNZr619g-00005-00009194-00009244 wof!
rNNNNZr619g-00006-00011930-00012122 ouuuiiiinnnnmmmnnmnn...!
rNNNNZr619g-00007-00016406-00016582 aiiiimmmnhmmmhnmmm...!
rNNNNZr619g-00008-00018490-00018738 please bear and trifid, don't hit me!
rNNNNZr619g-00009-00020216-00020360 I love this at bottom!
rNNNNZr619g-00010-00023040-00023208 zdrang!  Oouuuiie!  bang!
rNNNNZr619g-00011-00027389-00027542 oh nohonononooo....  !
rNNNNZr619g-00012-00032472-00032560 of..  sdrang!
rNNNNZr619g-00013-00032560-00032610 rooaarhh!  zblang!
rNNNNZr619g-00014-00034394-00034450 please!
rNNNNZr619g-00015-00034450-00034586 oh my strong with it!
rNNNNZr619g-00016-00037066-00037250 unh!  ahk!   ooouuuiieee...!
rNNNNZr619g-00017-00045900-00046150 Bang!
rNNNNZr619g-00018-00046286-00046550 rooaark!
rNNNNZr619g-00019-00048376-00048496 zbling!  ding! ...
rNNNNZr619g-00020-00049690-00050390 O viata civilizata este produsa de o moarte primitiva [A civilised life is the product of a primitive death]
rNNNNZr619g-00021-00051162-00051305 cip cirip! tril tral!
rpuNY5nfMR4-00000-00001060-00002354 The Mummy Diaries star shared an adorable family moment to her 1.9 million  followers - while fans continued to question her over the name of her newborn girl.
rpuNY5nfMR4-00001-00002504-00004162 Alongside a gorgeous picture of her partner Paul Knightley cradling their two children, including her son Paul, she wrote: 'So happy I had my phone in my hand my world I love you all soo much words can't describe.'
rpuNY5nfMR4-00002-00004312-00005486 Cara's adoring fans showered praise on the blonde beauty and her stunning family. One said: 'Lucky lady beautiful perfect family x'
rpuNY5nfMR4-00003-00005636-00006920 Another agreed adding: 'Beautiful photo. Your children are super cute' But dozens of others were simply desperate to know if Sam has named her baby yet.
rpuNY5nfMR4-00004-00007070-00008265 []  One wrote: 'Does baba have name yet?xx' Another said: 'The baby must have a name by now ??? ... beautiful photo though'
rpuNY5nfMR4-00005-00008415-00009747 Some fans think the reality TV star has called the baby Penny, while others have guessed Poppy, because she was born on Remembrance Day, November 11.
rpuNY5nfMR4-00006-00009897-00011289 []  The star recently received praise for sharing pictures of herself breastfeeding her brood. On her  stories. Sam shared a gorgeous black and white shot with her newborn in bed. 
rpuNY5nfMR4-00007-00011439-00013781 Lovingly breastfeeding her little girl, Sam captioned the picture: 'Goodnight world', along with a love heart emoji.  One fan praised the star, writing: 'Love this! It's the sheer 'real life' mum life, good on ya sam for always always being true to yourself', followed by clapping hands emojis and hearts.
rpNQhSE-dx4-00000-00000272-00000952 Data is everywhere. It touches nearly every aspect of our lives and is now considered one of the most
rpNQhSE-dx4-00001-00000952-00001584 valuable resources on earth. 20 billion devices are now connected to the internet
rpNQhSE-dx4-00002-00001584-00002264 and by 2030 that number will reach 1 trillion. All of these devices are constantly producing
rpNQhSE-dx4-00003-00002264-00002872 massive amounts of data so how do we analyze data? How do we find meaning in it? How do we
rpNQhSE-dx4-00004-00002872-00003288 use it responsibly? These are some of the world's biggest challenges and here
rpNQhSE-dx4-00005-00003288-00003704 at Purdue university we're all about looking for answers to those challenges every day.
rpNQhSE-dx4-00006-00003832-00004384 Data science is the study of large amounts of data and how to make actionable decisions from it.
rpNQhSE-dx4-00007-00004456-00005128 Whether it's in the classroom, arena, or lab data is collected in everything we do,
rpNQhSE-dx4-00008-00005184-00005824 but to understand it, communicate it, and unlock its potential we require a new approach powered
rpNQhSE-dx4-00009-00005824-00006440 by a data fluent generation. It's very clear that as we look to the future the role of data
rpNQhSE-dx4-00010-00006440-00006831 has radically changed which means we need to be thinking about what it means for the education
rpNQhSE-dx4-00011-00006831-00007368 our students receive. As we think about our university's focus on the persistent pursuit of
rpNQhSE-dx4-00012-00007368-00007984 innovation there's really just no better example than what's going on in The Data Mine. The Data
rpNQhSE-dx4-00013-00007984-00008640 Mine is a fully immersive living and learning community for students, faculty, researchers and
rpNQhSE-dx4-00014-00008640-00009440 corporate partners alike. One home, 800 students, 100 data infused innovation. It's really the idea
rpNQhSE-dx4-00015-00009440-00010032 of having data science for all. It's a way for students to learn about the data sciences
rpNQhSE-dx4-00016-00010032-00010504 while they're learning about their discipline. What we've done is we've kind of re-envisioned the
rpNQhSE-dx4-00017-00010504-00011072 residential learning environment. We often have visitors from companies, we often have alumni,
rpNQhSE-dx4-00018-00011072-00011584 we often have professional development seminars. You see students interacting, working in teams,
rpNQhSE-dx4-00019-00011584-00012032 the professors even have their office hours in the residence hall where the students live
rpNQhSE-dx4-00020-00012032-00012536 so it's pretty comprehensive. We call it an immersive experience. Our students live together,
rpNQhSE-dx4-00021-00012536-00013047 work together, and learn together. Everybody here's welcome. Everybody belongs here.
rpNQhSE-dx4-00022-00013047-00013408 Students don't have to have a major in science to be part of The Data Mine
rpNQhSE-dx4-00023-00013408-00014047 so we've made a data science education accessible for everyone. Part of that accessibility is giving
rpNQhSE-dx4-00024-00014047-00014560 students in The Data Mine the opportunity to work on real world problems with corporate partners.
rpNQhSE-dx4-00025-00014560-00015096 We have more than 25 partnerships with global leaders like Beck's Hybrids, Ford motor company,
rpNQhSE-dx4-00026-00015096-00015688 Cummins and Microsoft. Students get hands-on project-based experience and that is how we
rpNQhSE-dx4-00027-00015688-00016224 are building a pipeline of data fluent graduates who are ready for the challenges of the workforce.
rpNQhSE-dx4-00028-00016224-00016864 We're looking to build a client-facing mobile application for clients in phase 3 clinical
rpNQhSE-dx4-00029-00016864-00017480 trials. We are looking to collect their biometric data so their heart rate for example, their stairs
rpNQhSE-dx4-00030-00017480-00018000 climbed, their steps for the day, and so the idea is can we pair fitness trackers like Fitbit,
rpNQhSE-dx4-00031-00018000-00018448 Apple watch, Garmin with our mobile app and we're doing this project that's been going on
rpNQhSE-dx4-00032-00018448-00018952 for about a year and a half now. It's a complete data science and full stack project where we're
rpNQhSE-dx4-00033-00018952-00019352 dealing with loads of different softwares and different technologies and it's just
rpNQhSE-dx4-00034-00019352-00019816 a great opportunity for us to learn exactly what a full stack project is. In an industry
rpNQhSE-dx4-00035-00019920-00020648 having data fluency is very important no matter if you work in finance, if you do supply chain,
rpNQhSE-dx4-00036-00020648-00021248 agronomy, everybody is dealing with a massive amount of data in their own vertical right now.
rpNQhSE-dx4-00037-00021336-00021776 They're going to be able to use these skills when they go into industry. They're going to really
rpNQhSE-dx4-00038-00021776-00022216 have some expertise from day number one when they get hired with the company and the students are
rpNQhSE-dx4-00039-00022216-00022624 going to be really sought out as they're going through that recruiting and training process.
rpNQhSE-dx4-00040-00022848-00023504 Purdue has been a global leader in education research and innovation for over 150 years and
rpNQhSE-dx4-00041-00023504-00024080 now we're continuing that success by pursuing the next giant leap in data science. This very
rpNQhSE-dx4-00042-00024080-00024504 unique learning environment where students from across our campus come together to solve
rpNQhSE-dx4-00043-00024504-00024944 real-world problems that are brought to them by external partners industry government and
rpNQhSE-dx4-00044-00024944-00025352 not-for-profits, we couldn't be prouder of the work that's happening in The Data Mine
rpNQhSE-dx4-00045-00025352-00025632 and the future for where we can take that idea long term.
rpNQhSE-dx4-00046-00025695-00026232 If you want to increase your engagement with students, with faculty, with research,
rpNQhSE-dx4-00047-00026232-00026744 that you look at partnering with The Purdue Data Mine. They're giving you access to talent. They're
rpNQhSE-dx4-00048-00026744-00027327 also challenging your own staff to think in new and different ways and the value that is there is
rpNQhSE-dx4-00049-00027327-00027936 just incredible. In every area of the workforce the needs imperative for our students to bring
rpNQhSE-dx4-00050-00027936-00028472 their expertise. Because of the unique experience they have in The Data Mine our students are ready
rpNQhSE-dx4-00051-00028472-00029032 to make a tremendous impact in the workforce as soon as they graduate from Purdue. The Data Mine
rpNQhSE-dx4-00052-00029032-00030383 is Purdue's innovative step in solving today's toughest challenges. That's our giant leap.
rOCfxAZZXYM-00000-00000357-00000724 Forget everything you learned about money in school!
rOCfxAZZXYM-00001-00000724-00001254 We didn't learn anything about it in school!
rOCfxAZZXYM-00002-00001553-00002094 Welcome to Bitcoin Croissant, this is where your journey with Bitcoin begins!
rOCfxAZZXYM-00003-00002094-00002774 Ok, you have already heard of inflation, exchange rate, stock market, growth…
rOCfxAZZXYM-00004-00002774-00003339 and plenty of other business jargon terms that are meant to make you give up ASAP just
rOCfxAZZXYM-00005-00003339-00003650 when you're starting to wonder about it.
rOCfxAZZXYM-00006-00003650-00004269 I will do my best to explain to you in simple words without going into details to be able
rOCfxAZZXYM-00007-00004269-00004821 to follow me and always trying to provide optional resources for those who want to go
rOCfxAZZXYM-00008-00004821-00005089 further and above all, you will finally understand what it all means and what lies beneath.
rOCfxAZZXYM-00009-00005089-00005964 About Bitcoin, there is a lot of information in English on the net, youtube and other paper
rOCfxAZZXYM-00010-00005964-00006497 media, except that not everyone speaks English and it can quickly become blocking.
rOCfxAZZXYM-00011-00006497-00006795 With Bitcoin Croissant, I just wanted to make it all accessible to French speakers.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00000-00000855-00001000 Life in the big city.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00001-00001008-00001122 Business still slow.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00002-00001122-00001212 People are just too busy,
rPdV4-Tm41I-00003-00001212-00001386 to give a hoot about my little restaurant.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00004-00001386-00001584 Has been hard on jessica's dream.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00005-00001592-00001724 I can give you another month,
rPdV4-Tm41I-00006-00001727-00001933 but after that gonna have to look for another tenant.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00007-00001944-00002174 But when royalty comes to town.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00008-00002206-00002346 I think we can do better.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00009-00002352-00002414 What?
rPdV4-Tm41I-00010-00002426-00002608 Jessica's culinary dream.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00011-00002624-00002735 Do you smell that?
rPdV4-Tm41I-00012-00002776-00002931 May become a reality.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00013-00002946-00003037 Excuse me.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00014-00003237-00003377 This is your recipe?
rPdV4-Tm41I-00015-00003393-00003528 It's absolutely extraordinary.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00016-00003531-00003599 Who is he?
rPdV4-Tm41I-00017-00003609-00003777 Prince john of edgemont.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00018-00003793-00004006 You know my family hosted a christmas eve banquet,
rPdV4-Tm41I-00019-00004006-00004179 every year at the midtown museum.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00020-00004216-00004372 Would you like to cater the banquet?
rPdV4-Tm41I-00021-00004515-00004707 Maybe you have a chance to become a princess.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00022-00004716-00004943 Mom he wants to hire me as a caterer,
rPdV4-Tm41I-00023-00004949-00005093 that is not a marriage proposal.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00024-00005093-00005212 Not yet anyway.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00025-00005279-00005395 We need to crush it.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00026-00005400-00005586 This could save the restaurant.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00027-00005638-00005727 What is photographer?
rPdV4-Tm41I-00028-00005727-00005842 It's nothing.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00029-00005995-00006120 The press loves a good rumor.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00030-00006120-00006231 She's a commoner,
rPdV4-Tm41I-00031-00006231-00006325 it's insulting.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00032-00006329-00006519 Prince john's new mystery woman
rPdV4-Tm41I-00033-00006576-00006693 Let's get out of here.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00034-00006729-00006885 You're not gonna tell me where we're going are you.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00035-00006885-00007235 I'm gonna take you to see a small town christmas.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00036-00007248-00007390 I could spend all day here.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00037-00007431-00007646 You are in love with her.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00038-00007646-00007805 Why don't you just admit it.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00039-00007831-00008023 No, no, no, don't say, don't say it
rPdV4-Tm41I-00040-00008176-00008311 Mother, father.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00041-00008311-00008445 The princess of brooklyn.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00042-00008445-00008595 Starring Shein Mompremier
rPdV4-Tm41I-00043-00008688-00008840 Travis burns
rPdV4-Tm41I-00044-00008854-00008982 And Erin Gray
rPdV4-Tm41I-00045-00008989-00009070 In,
rPdV4-Tm41I-00046-00009235-00009411 a christmas princess.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00047-00009509-00009581 Dig in.
rPdV4-Tm41I-00048-00009647-00009733 I shall.
rVZSsehYjoI-00000-00000587-00000939 Hello every one baghayi here and welcome back to another video
rVZSsehYjoI-00001-00001428-00001596 How's it going? Is everything ok?
rVZSsehYjoI-00002-00001596-00002039 Good to have a good great day every day with a smiling face so smile a bit and keep continuing.
rVZSsehYjoI-00003-00002039-00002202 Do you use a camera strap?
rVZSsehYjoI-00004-00002231-00002489 Yes I do here it is
rVZSsehYjoI-00005-00002503-00002628 Do you know how to attach it?
rVZSsehYjoI-00006-00002628-00002892 Yeah?!! well I guess so
rVZSsehYjoI-00007-00002940-00003193 How many ways do you know to attach a camera strap?
rVZSsehYjoI-00008-00003222-00003367 One I guess
rVZSsehYjoI-00009-00003510-00003779 Well, no more questions let's see that together.
rVZSsehYjoI-00010-00003816-00003915 Good 👍
rVZSsehYjoI-00011-00003949-00004236 There is always a strap in the box, When we buy a new camera.
rVZSsehYjoI-00012-00004236-00004536 Well, Some people use it but some other don't even touch it
rVZSsehYjoI-00013-00004536-00004848 and some of them prefer to have more professional and comfortable one.
rVZSsehYjoI-00014-00004848-00005026 I think it depends on the situation.
rVZSsehYjoI-00015-00005026-00005329 Personally,when I'm in a studio or home I am not using the strap,
rVZSsehYjoI-00016-00005329-00005682 You know itstuck with the corner of the table, glasses, ...
rVZSsehYjoI-00017-00005682-00005926 That's right and sometimes with tripod.
rVZSsehYjoI-00018-00005934-00006300 like this one, with those hands,  you know
rVZSsehYjoI-00019-00006363-00006714 Yes that's right But when I'm going out like travelling,
rVZSsehYjoI-00020-00006714-00007064 nature, Street photography I definitely using a strap.
rVZSsehYjoI-00021-00007064-00007259 You know better safe than sorry.
rVZSsehYjoI-00022-00007259-00007451 So how are we going to attach it?
rVZSsehYjoI-00023-00007451-00007823 It is so simple, but with a few tips and tricks will be much better
rVZSsehYjoI-00024-00007823-00008285 Here is the strap with 2 plasticy holders on it,
rVZSsehYjoI-00025-00008348-00008652 let's loaded on the camera from downside
rVZSsehYjoI-00026-00008709-00009000 then pass it through this small plastic,
rVZSsehYjoI-00027-00009554-00010211 After that, make a loop on this plastic holder to pass the end of the strap, so easily.
rVZSsehYjoI-00028-00010376-00010816 So we going to pass it through first hole, as yousee
rVZSsehYjoI-00029-00010832-00011148 then match it with the strap, and push it.
rVZSsehYjoI-00030-00011250-00011340 That's it.
rVZSsehYjoI-00031-00011837-00012668 If this small plastic holder is up, your strap will be like this so bring it down to be tight.
rVZSsehYjoI-00032-00012966-00013241 After a while, you are going to see this part of the strap
rVZSsehYjoI-00033-00013241-00013749 is so annoying. you know It is like ehhhh heeee
rVZSsehYjoI-00034-00013833-00014194 Yeah like this one, I don't like it at all
rVZSsehYjoI-00035-00014246-00014410 Look
rVZSsehYjoI-00036-00014593-00014952 yeah.. I remember when Ibought my first camera I did the same with thestrap
rVZSsehYjoI-00037-00014952-00015433 and while using the camera this part ofthe strap was tickling my hand my arm
rVZSsehYjoI-00038-00015433-00015591 and sometimes my face.
rVZSsehYjoI-00039-00015591-00015919 It mightbe funny but after a while, it was so annoying.
rVZSsehYjoI-00040-00015919-00016097 So to solve that problem,
rVZSsehYjoI-00041-00016118-00016518 first, we need to add this smallholder then, the big one,
rVZSsehYjoI-00042-00017238-00017660 after passing it through the camera, and the big holder
rVZSsehYjoI-00043-00018325-00018621 now we can fix that dangling part of the strap
rVZSsehYjoI-00044-00018621-00018986 with thisSmallholder. Just like this
rVZSsehYjoI-00045-00019373-00019617 It's good to be nice and clean, isn't it?
rVZSsehYjoI-00046-00019617-00019878 Sure, Easy peasy japanesey
rVZSsehYjoI-00047-00019932-00020046 What are you doing?
rVZSsehYjoI-00048-00020172-00020352 Going to fix this strap!
rVZSsehYjoI-00049-00020398-00020486 Right Now?!
rVZSsehYjoI-00050-00020486-00020640 Yeah is that a problem?
rVZSsehYjoI-00051-00020640-00020822 But We're recording a video
rVZSsehYjoI-00052-00020822-00021101 Ok I will do it later, but I thought we were finished
rVZSsehYjoI-00053-00021246-00021440 There is always one more way
rVZSsehYjoI-00054-00021440-00021778 Ohh 3rd way to attach a camera strap, that's great
rVZSsehYjoI-00055-00021778-00022121 if you have this small plasticy holder, it's good, perfect.
rVZSsehYjoI-00056-00022121-00022586 but if you lost it, well this trick is good for you. I will show the both ways
rVZSsehYjoI-00057-00022586-00022999 after passing the strap through the cameraand Smallholder
rVZSsehYjoI-00058-00023043-00023354 make a loop on this plastic, but this time
rVZSsehYjoI-00059-00023354-00024066 put the strap on the second hole, to return the strap in. You know exactly vice versa.
rVZSsehYjoI-00060-00025284-00025524 Then tighten up.
rVZSsehYjoI-00061-00026073-00026580 Let me do the same on the other side but without that small plastic.
rVZSsehYjoI-00062-00027972-00028423 And this is the difference in case if you lost that small plastic
rVZSsehYjoI-00063-00028586-00028951 Here we have with the small Plastic, and without the small plastic.
rVZSsehYjoI-00064-00029056-00029171 see...
rVZSsehYjoI-00065-00030498-00030833 Honestly, I like the third way, this is the best of all
rVZSsehYjoI-00066-00030906-00031074 Me too nice and clean
rVZSsehYjoI-00067-00031074-00031277 Absolutely nice and clear
rVZSsehYjoI-00068-00031277-00031674 Which one is your favourite way? And how often do you use a strap?
rVZSsehYjoI-00069-00031674-00032027 Please tell me in the comments down below. don't forget to like and subscribe to the
rVZSsehYjoI-00070-00032027-00032382 channel to see more videos and like always had a great shooty day
rajVe0AdSEc-00000-00000076-00000206 WELCOME TO ALL HANDS UPDATE.
rajVe0AdSEc-00001-00000206-00000420 THIS IS YOUR WEEK IN NAVY HISTORY.
rajVe0AdSEc-00002-00000420-00000780 ON NOVEMBER 15TH, 1863, FORT MOULTRIE BOMBARDED
rajVe0AdSEc-00003-00000780-00000980 UNION ARMY POSITIONS AT CUMMINGS POINT,
rajVe0AdSEc-00004-00000980-00001214 SOUTH CAROLINA, CAUSING THE UNION MONITOR LEHIGH
rajVe0AdSEc-00005-00001214-00001314 TO RUN AGROUND.
rajVe0AdSEc-00006-00001361-00001564 FIVE LEHIGH SAILORS WERE AWARDED THE MEDAL OF HONOR
rajVe0AdSEc-00007-00001564-00001768 FOR THEIR HEROIC ACTIONS WHILE FREEING THE SHIP
rajVe0AdSEc-00008-00001768-00001868 UNDER HEAVY FIRE.
rajVe0AdSEc-00009-00001945-00002242 NOVEMBER 16TH, 1963, PRESIDENT JOHN F.
rajVe0AdSEc-00010-00002242-00002469 KENNEDY BOARDED USS OBSERVATION ISLAND DURING
rajVe0AdSEc-00011-00002469-00002682 HIS VISIT TO CAPE CANAVERAL, FLORIDA.
rajVe0AdSEc-00012-00002682-00002882 WHILE ABOARD OBSERVATION ISLAND,
rajVe0AdSEc-00013-00002882-00003083 PRESIDENT KENNEDY WITNESSED USS ANDREW
rajVe0AdSEc-00014-00003083-00003283 JOHNSON LAUNCH A POLARIS A-2 MISSILE.
rajVe0AdSEc-00015-00003309-00003660 ON NOVEMBER 19TH, 1969, APOLLO 12 NAVY ASTRONAUTS
rajVe0AdSEc-00016-00003660-00003943 COMMANDER CHARLES CONRAD JR. AND COMMANDER ALAN L.
rajVe0AdSEc-00017-00003943-00004170 BEAN BECAME THE THIRD AND FOURTH MEN TO WALK ON THE
rajVe0AdSEc-00018-00004170-00004270 MOON.
rajVe0AdSEc-00019-00004270-00004371 COMMANDER RICHARD F.
rajVe0AdSEc-00020-00004371-00004571 GORDON JR. REMAINED IN LUNAR ORBIT.
rajVe0AdSEc-00021-00004571-00004771 TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THE NAVY'S HISTORY,
rajVe0AdSEc-00022-00004771-00004971 VISIT THE NAVAL HISTORY AND HERITAGE COMMAND
rajVe0AdSEc-00023-00004971-00005171 WEBSITE.
rb2V_jAydYY-00000-00000000-00000448 We replace Ember's each with Ember Animated's animated-each.
rb2V_jAydYY-00001-00000448-00000796 We also use animated-container to reserve space for animation.
rb2V_jAydYY-00002-00000796-00001000 Should there be content after the container,
rb2V_jAydYY-00003-00001000-00001350 it will gracefully step aside as the skills enter and exit the container.
rbIwHAPuBrk-00000-00000005-00000095 Ivan Chorbev, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering
rbIwHAPuBrk-00001-00000097-00000624 There are factors that always want to slip disinformation
rbIwHAPuBrk-00002-00000626-00001554 or propaganda or false science into various communication channels,
rbIwHAPuBrk-00003-00001557-00001890 into various educational materials and so on.
rbIwHAPuBrk-00004-00001892-00002610 Artificial intelligence offers partial solutions for filtering content,
rbIwHAPuBrk-00005-00002612-00002866 for detecting fake content,
rbIwHAPuBrk-00006-00002869-00003795 but the interest centers that propagate that fake news, disinformation
rbIwHAPuBrk-00007-00003800-00004390 and fake science bypass the defense algorithms with their own algorithms.
rbIwHAPuBrk-00008-00004393-00005135 The best protection for now is the education of young people
rbIwHAPuBrk-00009-00005138-00005715 and people in general about logical reasoning and evaluation
rbIwHAPuBrk-00010-00005718-00005971 of information sources.
rbIwHAPuBrk-00011-00005973-00006553 And when we teach students about scientific work,
rbIwHAPuBrk-00012-00006555-00006891 when they study particular scientific area with
rbIwHAPuBrk-00013-00006893-00007569 relevant reference, we advise them to check the source
rbIwHAPuBrk-00014-00007572-00007873 of that scientific article, whether it is from an
rbIwHAPuBrk-00015-00007876-00008177 established international conference or journal,
rbIwHAPuBrk-00016-00008180-00008446 whether it has been reviewed by other scientists in that field,
rbIwHAPuBrk-00017-00008449-00009361 so it can be published in a reputed scientific medium.
rbIwHAPuBrk-00018-00009364-00009787 These programs should be provided a dominant place as soon as possible
rbIwHAPuBrk-00019-00009789-00010152 because the modern person should be media literate,
rbIwHAPuBrk-00020-00010154-00010685 information literate and aware of the reality in which we live.
rbIwHAPuBrk-00021-00010687-00010782 USAID media literacy project YOUTHINK
rbIwHAPuBrk-00022-00010785-00011393 This video is made possible with the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The content
rbIwHAPuBrk-00023-00011396-00012005 is the responsibility of IREX and the Institute for Communication Studies (ICS) and does not reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00000-00000000-00000118 [SHANNON LEE DAWDY]: Let's get started.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00001-00000120-00000582 I'm sure people will keep trickling in for, at least what is in Chicago time,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00002-00000585-00001124 I don't know where everyone in the audience is, but lunch time, a nice
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00003-00001144-00001770 Friday lunch to wrap up the week. My name is Shannon Dawdy.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00004-00001772-00002299 I am a fellow with 3CT, the Chicago Center for Contemporary Theory,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00005-00002300-00002866 along with Bill Brown. And I'm here with staff—director
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00006-00002869-00003290 Anna Searle Jones and support staff that make this possible.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00007-00003293-00003494 And I just want to thank them
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00008-00003496-00004214 for keeping our programming going during these strange times, but
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00009-00004217-00004674 feeling good about being able to be back in person relatively soon.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00010-00004677-00005522 So I hope you all who are in Chicago will join us in person when you can.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00011-00005525-00006056 So this series we started last year, Things in Theory,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00012-00006059-00006573 it's a conversation series, somewhat on the
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00013-00006577-00007356 format of a podcast or Dick Cavett or something like that, although
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00014-00007359-00007938 I don't want to be Dick Cavett, but you get my drift, to try to have
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00015-00007941-00008370 conversations about work in progress, anticipated work or past work.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00016-00008373-00009057 But it's not so much the 'stand up and give a lecture' sort of programming
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00017-00009060-00009538 because it just seemed to open things up a little bit and be a little more
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00018-00009541-00010438 accessible and good for mediated types, these remote formats.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00019-00010441-00011010 And it's my very great pleasure to introduce somebody who needs no introduction.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00020-00011012-00011562 I don't know how to get over that cliche. That's just how it is, Bill. But Bill Brown
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00021-00011565-00012026 is the Karla Scherer Distinguished Service Professor in American Studies,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00022-00012029-00012578 with appointments in both English and Visual Arts on campus.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00023-00012581-00013078 He works at the intersection of literary, visual and material cultures.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00024-00013081-00013413 And I'm comfortable saying that
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00025-00013416-00013904 he's one of the most influential theorists of materiality across the disciplines,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00026-00013907-00014241 particularly, well, in humanities and social sciences,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00027-00014244-00014634 with books such as The Material Unconscious,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00028-00014637-00015113 A Sense of Things: The Object Matter of American Literature, and Other Things.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00029-00015116-00015758 His widely cited 2001 article called Thing Theory
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00030-00015761-00016241 that appeared in Critical Inquiry has, I think, helped push us over the edge
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00031-00016244-00016786 in a good way into this rambling and exciting conversation
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00032-00016789-00017450 that we might call the New Materialism, or that does get called the New Materialism.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00033-00017453-00018074 Bill is the founder of a long-lived assemblage of projects and queries
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00034-00018077-00018598 at 3CT collected under the banner of Object Cultures
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00035-00018601-00019034 that serves as a conceptual host, actually, for this very series.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00036-00019037-00019578 And so today we're going to have what I expect to be a rambling
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00037-00019578-00020110 and exciting conversation on his current project, Re-Assemblage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00038-00020112-00020306 And so I'm going to turn it over to Bill
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00039-00020309-00020678 to give us an introduction to at least one piece of it,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00040-00020681-00021261 and then he and I will do some Q and A to open things up,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00041-00021264-00021934 and then we will turn it over to the audience, to you, for Q and A.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00042-00021937-00022162 And when we get to that step—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00043-00022163-00022806 stage of the conversation, if you would please use the digital raise hand function,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00044-00022809-00023126 which will help me keep track of the order of questions.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00045-00023129-00023671 And we will end just a few minutes before 1:30 to let people go
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00046-00023671-00024238 to other scheduled events. And so I'm going to turn it over to Bill,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00047-00024241-00024750 who also has some images, not too surprisingly, for this topic.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00048-00024752-00025000 BILL BROWN: Great. Thank you so much, Shannon.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00049-00025096-00025898 And thank you for the series and for the mode, the conversation as opposed to talk.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00050-00025901-00026074 I've taken it really seriously.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00051-00026077-00026510 So I'm underprepared, have a PowerPoint presentation,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00052-00026513-00027077 have some notes. And I'm eager to, like, you know, hear what people think
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00053-00027080-00027686 and hear what the questions are that seem to be bubbling to the surface.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00054-00027688-00027886 I'm not going to start with a long preamble.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00055-00027889-00028161 Rather, I'm going to share my screen.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00056-00028825-00029139 Do people— can you see that, Shannon?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00057-00029261-00029782 All right, great. This also gives me an opportunity to thank
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00058-00029783-00030374 Anna, both for her ongoing support of 3CT,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00059-00030374-00030877 but also for having this poster design, which is great.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00060-00030878-00031274 So I thought I would just begin by deciphering the poster a little.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00061-00031274-00031945 I have been working on assemblage and re-assemblage, and I'll talk a little bit
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00062-00031947-00032567 about that intellectual trajectory in a couple of minutes.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00063-00032567-00032913 Right now, I just want to unpack this poster to make it clear to you what you're
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00064-00032914-00033406 seeing when you look at this poster. So in the upper left hand corner,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00065-00033409-00033982 the steel bottle that has been compressed is called Pressure.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00066-00033985-00034654 That's by Noah Purifoy, 1966. As many of you recognize instantly,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00067-00034657-00035234 in the upper right hand corner, that's an image of Rodia's Watts Towers,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00068-00035236-00035990 which he constructed between 1921 and 1954, and is arguably the most
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00069-00035992-00036506 recognizable American assemblage within the United States.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00070-00036509-00036962 The photograph on the left and also the photograph
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00071-00036965-00037438 on the right, or the deep photograph on the right, are images
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00072-00037441-00038122 of the Watts Rebellion and its aftermath, the aftermath of that rebellion.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00073-00038125-00039066 And then another piece of Noah Purifoy's, also from 1966, entitled Sir Watts.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00074-00039069-00039650 Pressure still exists at the Noah Purifoy Foundation.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00075-00039653-00040102 Sir Watts no longer exists, although it's been remade many times.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00076-00040104-00040574 So what this means to be doing is to bring
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00077-00040577-00041310 two very closely related events into a different kind of proximity.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00078-00041313-00042002 One is the Watts Rebellion from August 11th to 16th in 1965,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00079-00042004-00042774 an extraordinary event that really did reverberate around the world.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00080-00042777-00043158 Folks like Guy Debord were instantly writing about it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00081-00043160-00043526 Also within the arts community, people like Thomas Pynchon were.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00082-00043529-00044210 That on the one hand, and on the other, Junk Art: 66 Signs of Neon,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00083-00044210-00044758 an art exhibition that was organized by Noah Purifoy and Judson Powell.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00084-00044760-00045552 It included a total of six artists who made 66 works from the detritus
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00085-00045553-00046262 of the rebellion. They collected, according to Purifoy,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00086-00046265-00046897 like three tons worth of rubble and then started constructing art out of it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00087-00046897-00047331 All right, so we'll get back to all of this. Now I'll say something
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00088-00047331-00047804 about where my interest began in assemblage, which was really with—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00089-00048068-00048544 One second, I somehow or another have to get going forward.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00090-00049536-00049911 [DAWDY]: If you have a Mac, it might be if you just hit the arrow keys either down or—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00091-00049911-00050847 [BROWN]: Yeah, I'm doing that, the trouble is that my— there we go.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00092-00050927-00051140 I had different arrow keys.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00093-00051272-00051984 So my interest in assemblage, in fact, began around about 2004 when
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00094-00051984-00052411 the Vancouver Gallery asked me to give a talk about Brian Jungen's work.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00095-00052411-00052840 It was not work that I, frankly, knew at all.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00096-00052908-00053489 Got to know it quickly, told them yes. And these in particular are the kinds
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00097-00053490-00053925 of pieces of his that drew my attention. These are assembled.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00098-00053925-00054546 These are faux Haida masks assembled from Air Jordan sneakers.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00099-00054549-00054968 So I was thinking decidedly about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00100-00054968-00055504 assemblage and about bricolage and about global capital and the way
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00101-00055504-00056304 in which this First Nation artist was making use of the circulation of commodities.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00102-00056320-00056686 I also became interested in other
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00103-00056689-00057162 contemporary assemblage practices, including, I'm thinking of artists very
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00104-00057165-00057800 close by, the work of Jessica Stockholder, Theaster Gates, William Pope.L,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00105-00058044-00058631 and also, actually mostly via Bruno Latour, became
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00106-00058631-00059241 interested in assemblage as a trope or as a theory.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00107-00059241-00059934 I mean, what assemblage is remains a bit of a question, but as I'm suggesting here,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00108-00059937-00060351 what I became interested in was the question about whether or not
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00109-00060352-00060918 the history of assemblage as an arts practice, in fact, across the arts,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00110-00060918-00061299 has any contribution to make to assemblage theory in the social sciences.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00111-00061300-00061734 And the answer, of course, has to be yes or the project dies.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00112-00061734-00062246 But what the character of that contribution is remains to be seen
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00113-00062249-00062854 and assemblage theory is, I would say, all over the social sciences.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00114-00062855-00063404 Saskia Sassen uses it to talk about global assemblages.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00115-00063488-00064164 Latour, who was getting the term from Deleuze and Guattari,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00116-00064164-00064590 uses it rather differently for the purposes of
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00117-00064592-00065171 focusing this particular line of inquiry that I'm on these days.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00118-00065172-00065688 I'm interested in urban geography and the impact that assemblage thinking
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00119-00065688-00066234 has had in that lane. And mostly, as Colin McFarlane
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00120-00066237-00067050 has made clear both in books and in several, several essays,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00121-00067053-00067570 the point of using an assemblage analytic, is what I would say,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00122-00067571-00068298 or the point of thinking about cities as assemblages is the way in which
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00123-00068301-00069055 it emphasizes indeterminacy, emergence, becoming, process, turbulence.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00124-00069055-00069635 And in particular, he has a phrase, "the sociomateriality
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00125-00069635-00070138 of phenomena," which I find to be very useful.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00126-00070141-00070606 Within one of his books, he talks about—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00127-00070608-00071041 several chapters speak to assembling the everyday.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00128-00071041-00072047 And the idea here is to recognize that individuals are in productive relation
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00129-00072047-00072629 with the material object world and with other people and with policy.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00130-00072630-00073152 And it's a way of insisting that one think about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00131-00073153-00074094 agency in a much broader way and granting agency to material objects, for instance.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00132-00074097-00074734 So, let me leave it for that for the social sciences.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00133-00074737-00075212 And when it comes to assemblage practice in the arts,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00134-00075216-00075918 there I've really landed on the first blockbuster assemblage show
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00135-00075921-00076508 that MoMA held in 1961, curated by William Seitz.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00136-00076524-00077109 It was the show, and in particular the catalog, which gave assemblage
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00137-00077110-00077634 the kind of currency and the kind of authority that it almost immediately had.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00138-00077634-00078038 So by the end of the 60s, many, many people are using this term,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00139-00078038-00078562 and they're using it also to talk about collage and montage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00140-00078562-00078967 It becomes the master term in a way, even though it's actually late-breaking.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00141-00078970-00079406 It had been used before a little bit in France, a little bit in the US,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00142-00079408-00080212 but Seitz is the one who, as I say, gave it the kind of authority that it has.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00143-00080216-00080596 So this is the kind of work that was in that show
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00144-00080612-00080895 Lee Bontecou, Robert Rauschenberg,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00145-00080895-00081272 Joseph Cornell, and then also at the bottom right,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00146-00081308-00081958 Kurt Schwitters, one of the Merzbild— or Merzbilder.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00147-00081961-00082505 And so Seitz was thinking about the European history of collage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00148-00082505-00082738 But the pressure, he's very explicit about this,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00149-00082738-00083066 both in the letters he's writing at the time and in the catalog,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00150-00083068-00083741 the pressure for having the show came from the art of the 1950s in particular.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00151-00084052-00084432 One of the things that Seitz does is to take a California trip.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00152-00084432-00085000 And what he found there, of course, was the Watts Towers, which become
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00153-00085001-00085507 an important moment, not much more than a moment, three or four pages in his book.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00154-00085508-00086159 But it is also an object that gives him a particular optic on the city.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00155-00086160-00086732 And he himself is talking about the city as a kind of assemblage
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00156-00086864-00087331 He—on the trip, he is also talking to artists.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00157-00087331-00088114 Bruce Conner, a San Francisco artist, is the one, to my mind,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00158-00088115-00088477 who insists that I say [American pronunciation] assemblage and
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00159-00088477-00088975 not [French pronunciation] "assemblage" because Bruce Conner writes about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00160-00088975-00089578 Bill Seitz coming out to California and saying "assemblage" this and "assemblage" that.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00161-00089581-00090146 And so especially since I'm interested in the translation of the term
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00162-00090149-00090465 "agencement," from Deleuze and Guattari,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00163-00090465-00091058 I use not just Anglo but decidedly American accent.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00164-00091061-00091807 So what Seitz could not have seen, because he didn't spend enough time
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00165-00091807-00092400 in LA, was the fact that the Watts Towers were
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00166-00092416-00092682 effectively in the middle or on one edge
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00167-00092682-00093071 of the dominantly Black neighborhood of Watts.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00168-00093071-00093860 And within that neighborhood there was a lot of assemblage art already being made.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00169-00093928-00094028 And
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00170-00094332-00095154 This becomes clearest after the Watts Rebellion in 1965.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00171-00095220-00095901 This was so talked about again in 2015 at the 50th anniversary
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00172-00095901-00096282 and again recently, but I won't say a great deal about it,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00173-00096285-00096886 except that it was definitely a response to police brutality.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00174-00096889-00097471 And, at least as I understand it, the absence of transportation.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00175-00097471-00098200 There was no way for this Black community to get out of Watts.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00176-00098201-00098515 I mean, there was a way, but there was no public transportation.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00177-00098515-00098834 So, particular white shop owners could
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00178-00098837-00099542 charge anything they wanted to for food, clothes, et cetera.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00179-00099545-00100125 Because nobody could get out for— to take advantage of the lower prices
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00180-00100128-00100551 outside of the community, nor could people gain employment
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00181-00100554-00100769 because they couldn't get outside of the community.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00182-00100770-00101760 So it's one of the most bounded kind of ghettos that one finds probably
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00183-00101761-00102638 in the country, certainly in California. This is just an image that means to be
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00184-00102641-00103209 addressing how important this event remains for contemporary artists.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00185-00103211-00104174 So Mark Bradford's Dancing in the Streets, 2019, is the result of his projecting
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00186-00104177-00104592 a video of Martha and the Vandellas,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00187-00104592-00105335 a live performance, on two buildings that have been reconstructed since that riot.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00188-00105356-00105939 It's a 1964 film, which he's turned into a video
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00189-00105940-00106571 and projects onto buildings and then takes a video of those projections,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00190-00106571-00107011 or has somebody take a video of those projections.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00191-00107076-00107770 For Bradford, certainly, Watts remains a
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00192-00107773-00108525 crucial moment in the history of making visible the kind of oppression that
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00193-00108528-00108908 African Americans were suffering in the United States.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00194-00108911-00109944 Very different response in 1966, in April of 1966, was 66 Signs of Neon,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00195-00109944-00110388 and part of Noah Purifoy's point, and he wrote about this,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00196-00110388-00110859 the tiny little catalog that accompanies this show makes it very explicit.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00197-00110859-00111562 But his point was to make the destruction productive, to figure out
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00198-00111562-00112428 how one could recharge this event. He had already been working
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00199-00112459-00113392 at the Watts Towers Arts Center, teaching art just for about a year before the rebellion.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00200-00113714-00114640 He also was interested in, and this — I'm going to go forward —
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00201-00114952-00115382 he was particularly interested in the revaluation of objects.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00202-00115382-00115615 And so, and this is where I want to sort of bring it back
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00203-00115615-00116054 to thing theory, as it were, the theoretical charge that accompanies,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00204-00116054-00116753 in particular his arts practice, so that this steel bottle crushed during
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00205-00116756-00117374 the rebellion, and the response to the rebellion, obviously has a new kind
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00206-00117374-00118038 of value, once framed with a frame that was also part of the wreckage and
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00207-00118041-00118561 set on this blue and white background, also from the wreckage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00208-00118561-00119297 And the point of this makes a few things. "Pressure" as a title is great.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00209-00119297-00119815 Talking about both, let's say, the pressure that compressed this bottle,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00210-00119815-00120561 but also the pressure within the Watts section of Los Angeles,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00211-00120565-00120950 the pressure that produced a kind of explosion.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00212-00120953-00121642 But it is also, and this is very important to me when it comes to Purifoy's art,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00213-00121645-00122238 it clearly has a citational relation to something like Cubist still life
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00214-00122241-00122957 and early moments of synthetic Cubism much earlier in the century.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00215-00122959-00124066 So in this instance, this becomes, or it has become for me, a kind of iconic
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00216-00124069-00124755 work of art because of what Purifoy himself was teaching at the Art Center.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00217-00124757-00125414 He was teaching mostly young folks, and what he was teaching them was to junk hunt.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00218-00125417-00125790 He himself never used the word "assemblage."
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00219-00125793-00126494 He used the word "junk art," and the idea was to take advantage
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00220-00126494-00126974 of the materials that are all around you, not to go buy some tube of paint
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00221-00126977-00127522 and to make art out of that, which for him becomes another way
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00222-00127525-00128408 of thinking about the recoding of material and its transvaluation.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00223-00128411-00129175 I think that's where I stopped. Not quite. This is just, you know, gosh,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00224-00129175-00130008 a soulful image of Purifoy who, in his terms, failed and failed in this way:
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00225-00130011-00130599 He failed because—and I'm really using his words or extrapolating from his words—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00226-00130600-00131144 because art doesn't do what he had hoped. He had really felt as though
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00227-00131175-00131694 teaching, teaching art and getting a community
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00228-00131697-00132398 to think aesthetically and to get a city to recognize the kind of art that was
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00229-00132398-00132931 being produced would solve certain problems. As people at the time put it,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00230-00132931-00133621 it was a cultural uplift program. That becomes, you know, untenable
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00231-00133625-00134222 by the end of the 60s, when far more radical change is being called for.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00232-00134222-00135174 It is also the case that you have competing arts centers or arts initiatives
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00233-00135180-00135881 that are competing for things like state and municipal funding.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00234-00135884-00136204 Okay. I'm going to stop there because I realized that—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00235-00136210-00136698 I believe I've reached my nattering-on limit.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00236-00136701-00137117 Yeah, go ahead. I think you said ten minutes. I think that was ten minutes.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00237-00137117-00137544 DAWDY: You were great. And of course, as you're going I'm thinking of other
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00238-00137544-00137949 questions, I circulated a couple of other ones.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00239-00137950-00138138 But I think the best thing to do is
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00240-00138138-00138430 to just work it off the top of my head, if that's okay.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00241-00138431-00138640 BROWN: That's good. DAWDY: Yeah.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00242-00138642-00138824 First of all, I was thinking,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00243-00138825-00139281 I don't know who all's in the audience, but because I'm from California,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00244-00139281-00139678 I know something—although from Northern— I know something about the Watts Towers,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00245-00139678-00140109 but I wondered if you could just give us— I'm going to ask a two-part question—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00246-00140110-00140564 the genealogy of them, because it could be if you're hearing about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00247-00140564-00140865 the Watts Rebellion, I'm thinking from a young person's point
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00248-00140865-00141229 of view who's not as familiar with this history, and you look at how
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00249-00141231-00141609 the Towers were created, you would think that it was in that same moment,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00250-00141610-00142308 but there is an assemblage of the urban there in terms of who actually made them.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00251-00142308-00142747 And then the life force, which is now a mostly
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00252-00142750-00143138 Latinx community of Watts Towers, et cetera.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00253-00143138-00143944 So I wonder if you could do a pre-rebellion and then a post-Purifoy?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00254-00143947-00144151 BROWN: Right. DAWDY: (overlapping) Rationalization
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00255-00144151-00144966 BROWN: I'll give you a little of pre-rebellion. Simon Rodia is an immigrant,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00256-00144969-00145661 settles in LA and starts making these towers that nobody understands.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00257-00145662-00146250 So he keeps building these slowly but surely.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00258-00146251-00146850 It ends up being 17 towers, some quite short, but some very tall.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00259-00146914-00147557 And they obviously attract attention. People also think that he's crazy.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00260-00147557-00147862 It, from my point of view,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00261-00147865-00148390 absolutely establishes a kind of assemblage paradigm
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00262-00148393-00149015 and a paradigm in which the valueless becomes valuable.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00263-00149015-00149686 Certainly what Rodia did in his own junk hunt was to find
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00264-00149689-00150086 shells, rocks, stones, bits of steel,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00265-00150089-00151044 and to start to conglomerate these in a way that they become truly beautiful.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00266-00151044-00151624 DAWDY: And it happened over decades, right? BROWN: Decades. 1921, he starts, 1954, he stops,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00267-00151624-00152529 and he just leaves. And he's finished. And then there are very long,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00268-00152532-00152954 acerbic debates about what to do with the towers, whether or
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00269-00152954-00153365 not they should be destroyed. Various people say that they're a hazard,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00270-00153365-00154035 then it's theatrically proven that it is not a hazard. And there are...
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00271-00154228-00154694 There are books—these come out in the 60s, too.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00272-00154751-00155277 I just got one the other day, which I found via AbeBooks, very small little book.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00273-00155280-00155717 And it is a book that illustrates a little
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00274-00155717-00156538 Black boy being taught by a faux Simon Rodia. The importance of waste,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00275-00156538-00157332 basically, the fact that waste can be transformed, and they never identify
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00276-00157356-00158005 the older white man as Simon Rodia. But he's clearly taking his place.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00277-00158005-00158792 And I don't know anybody who has run into this or talked about it, but it—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00278-00158936-00159651 at a moment when children actually, like, everywhere are being taught assemblage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00279-00159655-00160437 So MoMA, for instance, comes out with a new book for helping children with art that is all
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00280-00160437-00160902 about assemblage, really drafting off of Seitz's show
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00281-00160905-00161461 at that moment to have things coded the way they are in this little book.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00282-00161461-00161852 I mean, the book is only 20 pages long. It's sort of ridiculous, but...
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00283-00161915-00162509 I mean, it's poignant in a way, but it's also very, very kitschy.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00284-00162512-00163017 But, yeah, I think certainly from my point of view,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00285-00163018-00164116 the most important part of the pre-history is the fact that Rodia himself has so
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00286-00164252-00164798 assumed the sort of necessary reprocessing
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00287-00164801-00165442 of the material world and the productivity of destruction, because he's
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00288-00165445-00165766 picking up bits and pieces of things that have been destroyed.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00289-00165769-00166314 Now, Purifoy himself— We have decent archives. Not great.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00290-00166314-00166604 And there's one that I haven't gotten to yet.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00291-00166632-00167480 Purifoy himself would also point to the front yard art in the South.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00292-00167540-00168377 He's originally from Alabama, and it certainly is a vernacular
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00293-00168377-00168760 mode of artistic production, assemblage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00294-00168932-00169218 DAWDY: Yeah, that's wonderful. That's really helpful.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00295-00169221-00170084 Well, you brought up the word "faux," and I was thinking, you say—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00296-00170084-00170465 for those of you who haven't seen it yet, there's a great piece in Critical Inquiry
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00297-00170465-00170676 from, was it two years ago? BROWN: Yeah.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00298-00170677-00171251 DAWDY: There's an introduction to this project, or an overview, I guess I would say,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00299-00171251-00171762 how you got—of where your thought was at that moment.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00300-00171765-00172442 But you offer what you call "a faux genealogy of assemblage," which helps us,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00301-00172445-00172888 and you help walk us through all the different valences and uses of it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00302-00172888-00173362 And I wondered if—it would be too much to ask you to recapitulate that,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00303-00173362-00173845 but what stands out for you? What have you learned the most by doing,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00304-00173845-00174217 like, the etymology and the history of the term?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00305-00174217-00174611 What's been most useful to you about that language?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00306-00174716-00175314 BROWN: I would say I'll start close to my field and move away from it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00307-00175317-00176234 So closest to my field, it was the—one of the questions that that essay is asking is,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00308-00176234-00176722 the same question that I posed here: Gosh, does art have any place in the history
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00309-00176722-00177002 of assemblage theory within the social sciences?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00310-00177005-00177584 And then when you do some digging, you find out that, oh, golly gee,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00311-00177588-00178286 William Burroughs and Brion Gysin produce The Third Mind.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00312-00178289-00178870 Originally it's published as a little book in French.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00313-00178873-00179470 And Deleuze and Guattari obviously know this little book
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00314-00179473-00180015 and seem to be basing their own collaboration on the Gysin-Burroughs
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00315-00180015-00180512 collaboration and also some of the ideas, based on some of their ideas.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00316-00180512-00181078 Now, Thousand Plateaus is a huge, complicated book.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00317-00181081-00181662 Saskia has this great footnote in which she does mention Deleuze and Guattari,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00318-00181662-00182246 but then says, "My use of the term is adamantly untheoretical."
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00319-00182249-00182790 It's like, "I have other theory that I'm interested in theorizing with this.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00320-00182793-00183278 I just want certain aspects of the term." So that was part of it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00321-00183278-00183633 Part of that was to recognize the
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00322-00183636-00184238 impact of avant-garde American artists, especially in this instance,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00323-00184238-00184788 writing on what we think of as high French theory. Right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00324-00184788-00185281 And to me, it's always a great irony when one then finds people using
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00325-00185284-00185990 Deleuze and Guattari, especially Deleuze, to think about American avant-garde writing.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00326-00185993-00186528 It's like, well, yes, and that works because,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00327-00186552-00187070 you know, it works so readily. So that, I think, is one thing.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00328-00187073-00187628 The other was, it's actually Adam Smith, your former colleague,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00329-00187632-00188142 an anthropologist, an archeologist now at Penn,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00330-00188142-00188578 still at Penn, I think, who said to me, gosh, this was a zillion years ago,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00331-00188581-00188881 but "I really think you should be thinking about assemblage."
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00332-00188884-00189529 And then I gave the Brian Jungen talk to his class, and that was great.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00333-00189530-00189977 It was really a highlight for me because it was like I was talking about things
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00334-00189977-00190490 that the graduate students knew so much more about at some moments in that talk.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00335-00190493-00190897 And so I do feel as though tracking,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00336-00190897-00191354 which I haven't done with great care, but with some care, but tracking
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00337-00191357-00191754 the history of the concept "assemblage" in archaeology.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00338-00191757-00192214 And then also there, the impact of
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00339-00192214-00192657 and resistance to Deleuze and Guattari's agencement
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00340-00192660-00193198 in relation to that long history of the use of assemblage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00341-00193201-00193594 And as I do say but don't say at length
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00342-00193594-00194069 within the essay, archaeology is borrowing it from geology,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00343-00194070-00194404 and geology is clearly using the term in the 1830s.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00344-00194404-00194842 So it's a term with a long history.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00345-00195037-00195465 I'm interested—this is a question for you, Shannon—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00346-00195465-00195794 so taphonomy is something that I know
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00347-00195794-00196181 really interests you, and it really interests me because I
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00348-00196181-00196729 learned to be interested in it from you and your essay "The Taphonomy of Disaster."
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00349-00196732-00197349 And taphonomy, so far as I understand it, names
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00350-00197350-00197718 the formation of the archaeological record.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00351-00197722-00198184 And you want to emphasize that it's a social process.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00352-00198184-00198540 Or let's say that it can be a social process.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00353-00198544-00198765 Insofar as the archaeological record
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00354-00198769-00199277 becomes visible as assemblage or as unassemblage,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00355-00199277-00199827 I'm very interested in thinking about taphonomy as itself
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00356-00199827-00200207 an assemblage that makes the assemblage visible.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00357-00200207-00200518 Right? I mean, it's a curious and, I think,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00358-00200518-00200887 nonproductive circle, but not uninteresting to me.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00359-00200910-00201378 DAWDY: Yeah. And I could see in the way that you're connecting it to
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00360-00201380-00202072 the social and political events of the 1960s, that is, connecting the art practice as it
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00361-00202072-00202604 was emerging to what was happening on the ground in LA and across the country.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00362-00202605-00203275 That feels like a social analysis of taphonomy. It's like it's, you know,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00363-00203275-00204078 the taphonomy of assemblage in art practice and how it became, how it rose to the top.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00364-00204137-00204822 And I suspect that my former colleague Adam was also thinking about Latour,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00365-00204822-00205338 who at that time was probably influencing his thought a lot, a lot.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00366-00205338-00205696 And I don't know if it's Latour or Heidegger
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00367-00205697-00205913 who says that objects gather people.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00368-00205916-00206168 Somebody said that, it's a good, pithy statement.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00369-00206168-00206309 BROWN: (overlapping) Yeah, Heidegger, right.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00370-00206310-00206502 DAWDY: Yeah, I think it's Heidegger.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00371-00206540-00207506 And I think that's a really interesting pithy phrase to pause on sometimes because
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00372-00207550-00208174 it points out even, like, the way the agency gets talked about can be too simple,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00373-00208174-00208702 as if it's an essential quality in either objects or people or, you know, things that
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00374-00208704-00209446 we afford, which also gets used in these discussions a lot. But it shows that it's
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00375-00209448-00209978 perhaps an active assemblage, like that the objects can assemble people.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00376-00209981-00210449 And the Watts Towers continues to do that through tourism and pilgrimage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00377-00210450-00211011 Right? In a very transparent way, art shows do that. Right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00378-00211011-00211565 They assemble people, they assemble publics and—so I was—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00379-00211580-00211894 I'm not quite sure how to phrase this— well, let me phrase a simple question.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00380-00211894-00212550 If you want to riff off any of that, that's fine. But a more flat-footed
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00381-00212553-00212954 thing I was thinking about in terms of engagement with archaeological
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00382-00212954-00213485 conceptions of assemblage is, you do a really great job in the essay
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00383-00213485-00214044 of, you know, defining it as archaeologists understand it, which is that it's a set
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00384-00214044-00214645 of artifacts or ecofacts, ecological items, that are found together,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00385-00214645-00214968 that are presumed to have come— that are found together in the same place
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00386-00214969-00215434 and presumed to come from about the same time period, about the same event or clustered
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00387-00215434-00215955 series of events. That's an assemblage, which is distinct in archaeological speak
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00388-00215955-00216319 from a collection, which might be interesting to think about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00389-00216319-00216777 in terms of the layers of assembly I see in your work and how you're thinking about it,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00390-00216777-00217655 because a collection in archaeo-speak is what happens after curation
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00391-00217655-00218317 and analysis, so the curator becomes key and text. So a collection is assemblages
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00392-00218317-00218758 of artifacts and boxes that have been treated, conserved,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00393-00218761-00219330 that have text associated with them for provenance, provenience.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00394-00219333-00219658 But there have been decisions made about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00395-00219658-00219965 value, and they might be in storage and they
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00396-00219965-00220444 might be pulled out for display, just like in terms of the art world.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00397-00220448-00220928 But I'm just curious if you've thought about sites themselves as a kind
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00398-00220928-00221251 of assembler. I mean, is that part of what's going on?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00399-00221251-00221644 And we've got layers of assemblage. Is this part of your thinking?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00400-00221688-00222007 BROWN: Yeah, no, absolutely, I mean the—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00401-00222007-00222654 There is a chapter, there's supposed to be a chapter on the Art of Assemblage show,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00402-00222657-00223130 and it's titled Assembling the Art of Assemblage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00403-00223133-00223924 But yes, absolutely, absolutely. And to my mind, that is one of the aspects
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00404-00223924-00224696 of thinking that way and of thinking about a collection in its relation to assemblage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00405-00224731-00225304 But still to be thinking about the collection moment as an assemblage moment,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00406-00225304-00225791 thinking of assemblage outside of archeology,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00407-00225818-00226561 is—it foregrounds or it spotlights the role of the assembler,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00408-00226561-00226905 because it—I feel as though, this is such an old fashioned point.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00409-00226905-00227388 It's like Johannes Fabian land. But I feel as though people deny
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00410-00227388-00228328 the coevalness of what they're identifying as an assemblage. Less so in your field.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00411-00228328-00229147 But I think wildly so in something like Manuel DeLanda's work.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00412-00229148-00229769 It's like, well, yes. And for him, too, there is—he's totalizing.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00413-00229771-00230369 Everything is assemblage and social assemblages
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00414-00230369-00231006 from, you know, person to globe need to be understood as assemblages.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00415-00231009-00231974 But when he's ever describing something, he's leaving the describer out. Right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00416-00231974-00232361 And from my point of view, that's one of the interesting aspects
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00417-00232361-00232934 of thinking about assemblage in the art world in relation to the social sciences,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00418-00232934-00233558 because it's harder in the art world to suddenly erase the assembly act
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00419-00233561-00233832 to get you the assemblage that you see.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00420-00233832-00234198 DAWDY: It's not anonymous, right, like it would be in the archaeology context.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00421-00234198-00234424 That's super interesting.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00422-00234584-00234927 I want to leave time for other questions, but one of the—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00423-00235302-00235711 One of the things that I found super interesting was the way in just
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00424-00235714-00236173 both the presentation of what's turning into a chapter, right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00425-00236177-00236342 BROWN: Seems like it, yeah.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00426-00236342-00236802 DAWDY: Maybe actually, that's a good way. Let me back up a second and just ask you
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00427-00236802-00237221 to give us an overview, like what you talked about today and then you just
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00428-00237221-00237744 mentioned that there was kind of curation chapter, The Assembling of Assemblages.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00429-00237744-00238058 So what is the book? This is becoming a book.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00430-00238058-00238282 What is it looking like and how has the project changed?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00431-00238285-00238517 DAWDY: [inaudible] BROWN: (overlapping) Well, very, very, very
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00432-00238654-00238969 Yeah, very, very slowly it's becoming a book
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00433-00238971-00239486 and slower still because of the pandemic, because I was unable to do three
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00434-00239489-00239930 research trips which I had lined up, but that might have been a good thing.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00435-00239933-00240280 As you can tell, there are lots of radicals
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00436-00240280-00240684 and one of the great pleasures but pains
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00437-00240684-00241202 of giving talks about this is that, of course,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00438-00241222-00241892 every field has its assemblages, let's say
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00439-00241892-00242362 that can be—that are intellectual but also object based
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00440-00242363-00242974 and Carolyn Abbate at Harvard so wants me to talk about, write about music
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00441-00242975-00243850 but I keep saying I'm unqualified, right? So what I'm not doing now which,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00442-00243851-00244346 what I had been doing is a chapter on architecture and I'll still probably
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00443-00244348-00244842 do what I'm always telling my graduate students to do and that is to do a little
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00444-00244842-00245223 piece in the intro or the coda or something like that,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00445-00245264-00245809 but I am very interested, I'm interested in that, but I do not, can not allow
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00446-00245810-00246440 myself to become too interested in. So right now, I'm imagining the focus to be
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00447-00246471-00247338 on this exhibition and I think of— Seitz, Seitz is a little demonized now.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00448-00247341-00247678 He's demonized because he doesn't spend time in California.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00449-00247678-00248158 There's both a lot of assemblage going on in San Francisco and in LA.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00450-00248168-00248684 And there have been shows in the last two decades on LA assemblage
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00451-00248685-00249416 and California assemblage, you know, proliferating as though to still
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00452-00249576-00250150 make it clear the kind of damage that he did by making this very New York focused.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00453-00250153-00251221 But on that show. And then I think probably on Purifoy and Watts,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00454-00251223-00251746 both as a way of moving from the East Coast to the West Coast,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00455-00251748-00252382 but also as a way of thinking a little bit more seriously about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00456-00252385-00252602 assemblage and social theory.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00457-00252602-00253350 So part of the conundrum for me right now is to figure out what sort of toolbox
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00458-00253353-00254269 assemblage thinking gives me to rethink the rebellion, to rethink the
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00459-00254271-00254906 response to the rebellion, to rethink the art that is emerging from it,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00460-00254909-00255435 and that will include contemporary assemblage art as well.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00461-00255435-00256142 I mean, I plan to be fast-forwarding a lot in this book.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00462-00256142-00256577 And we do have individuals like Senga Nengudi
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00463-00256577-00257150 and Betye Saar who are assemblage artists very much
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00464-00257153-00257758 influenced by Purifoy who are still working at the age of 90-something.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00465-00257761-00258623 And then probably a chapter on narrative prose fiction with Burroughs
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00466-00258643-00259472 and Ishmael Reed being star players there, Kathy Acker perhaps also.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00467-00259472-00260218 And then a chapter on poetry, moving from William Carlos Williams
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00468-00260218-00260852 to the present with a emphasis on, in fact, some of my colleagues,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00469-00260852-00261446 people like Jen Scappettone and Edgar Garcia, when it comes to the present.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00470-00261497-00261658 DAWDY: That's fantastic. BROWN: I'm trying to,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00471-00261661-00261871 you know, I'm trying to make it shorter,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00472-00261871-00262722 but trying not to have it, you know, become a poetry book
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00473-00262738-00263355 because you start down that line, there's so much collage poetry or collage—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00474-00263355-00263666 DAWDY: I mean, have you been practicing the Burroughs technique or—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00475-00263669-00264174 as a writing practice yourself? Have you ever done that?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00476-00264177-00264360 BROWN: Done cut-ups?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00477-00264360-00264606 DAWDY: Mm-hmm. Maybe we should explain what cut-ups are.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00478-00264609-00264810 I also know about them because
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00479-00264813-00265218 David Bowie, one of my favorite musicians, used in early in his career.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00480-00265221-00265626 I don't know if you know this, but his lyrics were from cut-ups.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00481-00265628-00265914 BROWN: That's great, that's great. I didn't know that, I didn't know that,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00482-00265914-00266251 but I should be back in touch. So, yeah, so Burroughs—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00483-00266251-00266802 This is an experiment that starts in 1959 at the Beat Hotel in Paris.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00484-00266802-00267497 And Burroughs doesn't invent this. His friend Brion Gysin is in the middle of
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00485-00267497-00268172 cutting up newspapers and magazines and then putting them in,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00486-00268172-00268784 putting the fragments, the pieces, next to one another to make new sentences
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00487-00268788-00269331 that very often don't make sense, but that sometimes make a different kind of sense.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00488-00269331-00270044 And this really does become the way in which Burroughs is able to finish Naked Lunch
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00489-00270044-00270818 and then becomes, you know, a remarkable methodological catalyst for
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00490-00270821-00271282 a sequence of novels, in particular the so-called Nova Trilogy.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00491-00271285-00271707 And from my point of view, the best of those, The Ticket That Exploded,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00492-00271708-00272366 and they are—I mean, they're difficult to read, and they're difficult to teach,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00493-00272369-00272851 but they're extraordinarily effective, I think, especially read out loud.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00494-00272851-00273288 And if you go to the New York Public Library,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00495-00273288-00273628 where there's a good Burroughs archive, and what's nice about that archive
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00496-00273634-00274014 is that he himself organized it. They have counter-organized it,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00497-00274014-00274610 but they have made it clear, they made it clear how he wanted it organized.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00498-00274613-00275358 But what you see is just lots of things, but page after page after
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00499-00275361-00276058 page of typed pages that are the results of cut-ups.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00500-00276061-00276670 And so he'll be working on Shakespeare for a while and then Rimbaud for a while.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00501-00276673-00277102 None of this has been, or some of it, but very little of it has been published.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00502-00277105-00277620 And of course, it's difficult to know why you would publish it. Right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00503-00277655-00278074 But, but some of it is, some of it does become very interesting.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00504-00278074-00279042 And of course what, part of what he was after was to grab, as it were,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00505-00279042-00279501 chance in a different way. The efforts to engage chance by artists
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00506-00279501-00279798 in the 20th century, sort of exhausting, sort of boring.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00507-00279798-00280130 But this was a new way of trying to do it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00508-00280133-00280836 And not just trying to do it, but of doing it and of making creativity more mechanical.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00509-00280876-00281602 You know, he, like Warhol, was really quite infatuated with the machinic.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00510-00281609-00282070 DAWDY: Interesting. That didn't occur to me.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00511-00282073-00282952 Yeah, it seems to me like throughout this project, there's this tension between the—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00512-00283068-00283792 between agency, whether it's human or object agency and radical contingency accidents.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00513-00283916-00284470 And that makes it super, super interesting, I think.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00514-00284472-00284647 BROWN: Well, thank you for saying that,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00515-00284647-00285174 because that's actually the powerful point, which is certainly
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00516-00285174-00285771 what Latour was doing and, you know, somewhat fueled by Deleuze and Guattari.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00517-00285771-00286105 And what throughout the social sciences, people are doing,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00518-00286105-00286745 is trying to diminish human agency and to diminish it by saying,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00519-00286745-00287287 oh, well, what about the books, the lights, the computer, you know,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00520-00287287-00288044 all of these things are part of the social, and all of them are actants.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00521-00288044-00288921 And it's, as it were, an agential scene, not a mirror agent subject. And indeed,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00522-00288924-00289542 that is something like the mirror image of what Burroughs is trying to do:
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00523-00289543-00290651 how to, how to distribute agency to other writers and scissors. And, I mean,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00524-00290651-00291095 and really scissors. I mean, he and Gysin both are just in love with scissors.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00525-00291095-00291379 DAWDY: Different kinds of scissors? They have favorite brands?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00526-00291380-00291815 BROWN: Yeah. Well, not that I know of. But that's—And they, too,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00527-00291815-00292328 are really interested, thinking now to Purifoy, in democratizing art practice.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00528-00292328-00292588 I mean, they say cut-ups, you know, you too can do it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00529-00292588-00292882 Take a piece of paper, cut it this way, cut it that way.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00530-00292882-00293664 Don't put this next to that. From my point of view, they always cheat because
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00531-00293664-00294868 they make—they keep words intact. Whereas—so my twin brother and I wrote a piece
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00532-00294967-00295774 for the Journal of Landscape Architecture— he's a practicing architect—called,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00533-00295798-00296198 I think, "Sighting Re-assemblage: Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park."
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00534-00296198-00296980 So the focus is on this, you know, huge Olympic Park in London, and then,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00535-00296991-00297465 you know, delighted to have a publication in the field of landscape architecture.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00536-00297467-00297959 But to me, far more fascinating is the results of our
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00537-00297960-00298398 cut up experiment with it, which we published in The Portable Gray.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00538-00298577-00299362 They—Zach Cahill, who's the editor of that, asked us if we would contribute something.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00539-00299364-00299972 And so what we did was to use the landscape architecture
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00540-00299972-00300315 article as our source text. And then we cut it up,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00541-00300315-00301108 but we were really true to the cut-up. I mean, we let words be non-words.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00542-00301184-00301551 DAWDY: So you did practice it, yeah. BROWN: Yeah, yeah.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00543-00301556-00301805 DAWDY: One more question, then I'll open it up,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00544-00301805-00302099 and this is going to go in a completely different direction.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00545-00302100-00302762 I was really intrigued in both the Critical Inquiry piece and
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00546-00302765-00303152 your presentation, but can't quite put my finger on it,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00547-00303152-00303776 in political assembly, the connections or the simultaneity
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00548-00303828-00304304 of political assembly and art assemblage and
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00549-00304364-00304779 connect it to the big social, and I don't know if it's productive to think about this,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00550-00304780-00305228 if you have any thoughts on how you're making those connections.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00551-00305351-00305584 And, you know, this is a risky kind of connection to make,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00552-00305584-00306187 I realize, but it seems like its implicit in here. There's something really
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00553-00306192-00306966 fertile about what you're pointing to in terms of, you know, this more than just context.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00554-00306969-00307986 But I was also thinking about Black Lives Matter and all of the protests
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00555-00307989-00308638 from 2020 and the art that got associated with those very, very quickly,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00556-00308638-00309310 including in my own neighborhood with lots and lots of murals, many of them memorial,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00557-00309313-00309709 many of them are now gone. They were on plywood, they were
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00558-00309710-00310082 protecting windows and things like that. So I was just kind of doing a compare
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00559-00310082-00310562 and contrast, unfinished experiment in my head about these two moments,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00560-00310565-00311014 and I wondered if you had any thoughts that way, either in general about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00561-00311017-00311792 the connection to political assembly or, yeah, the historical comparisons.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00562-00311808-00312125 BROWN: Yeah, thanks. I'm not going to say a lot in response to that,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00563-00312125-00312415 because I'm definitely still thinking about it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00564-00312415-00313136 I'm trying to figure out how to talk about it and how to write about it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00565-00313140-00314321 Certainly it is the case that the assemblage thinking within social theory includes
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00566-00314321-00314750 Hardt and Negri's work on assembly, Judith Butler's work on assembly.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00567-00314755-00315352 And there are aspects of what Butler, for instance, is addressing,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00568-00315352-00315858 which really correspond to what one might call the aesthetics
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00569-00315858-00316887 of assemblage, even though she is not pointing to art objects. But, she's—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00570-00316887-00317614 and there, too, that's pre-Black Lives Matter, at least, Butler I'm thinking of.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00571-00317657-00318021 But it's very much about Occupy, and it's very much about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00572-00318024-00318808 the Arab Spring, and it's very much about the heterogeneity of the, of the
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00573-00318828-00319735 active and activating mass. Right? And therefore also very much about affect.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00574-00319775-00320551 And these are things that I think are, yeah, completely part of the effectiveness
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00575-00320551-00321388 of assemblage in the art register. I don't ever want to think about like
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00576-00321390-00322086 an assemblage object as a sufficient material trope for the assembly of people.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00577-00322089-00322608 Nonetheless, aspects of assemblage as an art practice
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00578-00322608-00323362 and of the theory, and of the Black Lives Matter protests
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00579-00323365-00324164 certainly are mappable onto one another insofar as these invariably are about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00580-00324168-00324678 sociomaterial assemblages or assemblies. Right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00581-00324681-00325100 It's not just about people, it's also about the material world. And it's about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00582-00325100-00325671 the interaction between the material world and people, people in the material world.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00583-00325832-00326211 DAWDY: Looks like James Garwood Cole is starting us off
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00584-00326211-00326455 with the Q and A, and I thank you for that.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00585-00326455-00327054 I think that's a good transition. James, would you like to unmute yourself
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00586-00327054-00327238 or would you like me to read your question?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00587-00327241-00327932 And now we will turn it over to the audience for Q and A.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00588-00327960-00328098 AUDIENCE MEMBER 1: Yeah. Hi.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00589-00328101-00328664 I can't turn my camera on, but I thought I'd ask a question because I took
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00590-00328668-00329106 a class very similar to this with Bill last quarter.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00591-00329109-00329677 And I wonder if you could say a little more about I don't know, like
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00592-00329677-00330042 the difference in analytic between thinking about assembled text
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00593-00330042-00330568 and assembled object in this project, because it seems like there's a kind of like
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00594-00330632-00331068 durational quality to thinking about the assembled text,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00595-00331068-00331660 which is not so much present in the, like, Purifoy Pressure or something.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00596-00331661-00331954 I don't know. There's like a question I have about what
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00597-00331954-00332407 the kind of mode that is operating and how that changes the assemblage analytic,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00598-00332407-00332860 what that does to the work throughout the project.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00599-00332888-00333164 BROWN: Yeah. Thanks for the question, James.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00600-00333412-00333920 And James wrote a great paper on O'Hara, thinking about it from
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00601-00333920-00334680 an assemblage point of view, as it were. So I would say this, and that is that
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00602-00334708-00335096 assemblage, or I'm also willing to say collage,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00603-00335100-00336036 when it comes to verbal matter, is it faces this
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00604-00336068-00336566 really significant challenge, and that is that it instantly becomes
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00605-00336569-00336966 incomprehensible, or that is, the radical version of it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00606-00336969-00337368 And I'm thinking of Tan Lin, the contemporary poet, or
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00607-00337368-00337991 Burroughs, the novelist from the 1960s. You know, people can't make sense of it,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00608-00337991-00338579 and not that many people are eager to keep reading or, let's say,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00609-00338580-00339038 reading is the wrong word, engaging with something that they cannot
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00610-00339041-00339506 apprehend the way they're used to apprehending it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00611-00339509-00339888 And I think that visual arts have a real advantage there
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00612-00339888-00340490 because I think that a large assemblage piece
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00613-00340493-00341108 can be mesmerizing to an individual and to many individuals.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00614-00341108-00341471 I'm thinking of big pieces by Louise Nevelson or
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00615-00341491-00342258 by Robert Rauschenberg or by Lee Bontecou. And they don't—I mean, they're not—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00616-00342258-00343180 they may be frustrated that it doesn't make sense to them, but they're not
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00617-00343180-00343678 put off by that kind of frustration. Right? I think it can make it more interested.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00618-00343678-00344017 And even though everybody is saying,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00619-00344017-00344717 or not everybody is, many people are insisting, as Benjamin did,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00620-00344717-00345360 that the import is not to read for the penny in the slot called meaning.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00621-00345456-00346200 Nonetheless, it's very, very difficult to engage with words when they don't—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00622-00346200-00346868 I mean, it's like, it's like, reading in a language you don't know very well,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00623-00346868-00347215 like, oh, you might know every fifth word or something like that.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00624-00347215-00347404 How much time do you spend doing that?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00625-00347692-00347904 So I hope that that answers your question
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00626-00347905-00348195 or responds at least to your question a little, James.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00627-00348376-00348896 DAWDY: All right. Would anyone else like to ask a question?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00628-00348984-00349532 Please use the raise hand function. I see a number of names I recognize.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00629-00349532-00350226 I'm sure Bill does too. I'll allow an awkward silence.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00630-00350229-00350412 Neil.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00631-00350552-00350799 BROWN: Oh, hey, Neil, NEIL BRENNER: Hi everyone. Hi, Bill.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00632-00350800-00351148 Thank you so much for your work, and thank you, thank you for the presentation.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00633-00351148-00351379 I just want to invite you to say more
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00634-00351380-00351875 about the social science side of your engagement with the assemblage theory.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00635-00351875-00352262 It probably won't surprise you that I'm asking this, but you know, as you know,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00636-00352262-00352722 it's a contested terrain within the study of urban geography, with Colin McFarlane's
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00637-00352722-00353175 work and other critical discussions about the status of kind of more structural
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00638-00353182-00353619 political economy approaches to the materiality of the urban fabric
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00639-00353620-00354021 versus other approaches that, you know, that just get at
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00640-00354021-00354478 different dimensions of the reality. And I'm someone who is very sympathetic
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00641-00354478-00354795 to a lot of the insights that emerge from assemblage theory.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00642-00354795-00355227 But I've argued that, at least in the context of urban studies and urban
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00643-00355227-00355629 social science, it's particularly useful as one among several methods
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00644-00355630-00356047 through which to understand the complexity of the urban fabric.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00645-00356047-00356397 And I'm particularly appreciative of the ways in which that tradition
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00646-00356397-00356837 attunes social scientists who normally tend to bracket the non-human world or
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00647-00356837-00357378 just to presuppose it as social and purely social to the sort of various layers
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00648-00357378-00357791 of, you know, the non-human that also has to be understood and theorized.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00649-00357791-00358214 And, you know, my impression from your presentation today
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00650-00358214-00358569 is that you're particularly interested in embedding these different art
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00651-00358570-00358915 formations and traditions and the broader aesthetic formations that they're
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00652-00358915-00359455 connected to within urban geographies rather than necessarily analyzing using
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00653-00359455-00359874 assemblage theory to analyze urban geographies as a method. In other words,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00654-00359874-00360349 you're interested in assemblage traditions of analysis, aesthetic production,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00655-00360350-00360651 cultural production embedded within an urban context.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00656-00360651-00361008 And in that context, the kind of social science stream is relevant.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00657-00361008-00361198 But I just wanted to invite you to sort of
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00658-00361198-00361718 situate your engagement with that stream of this multifaceted discussion. Thank you.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00659-00361718-00362108 BROWN: Yeah. Well, as you know, McFarlane and Anderson
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00660-00362108-00362695 at Durham University, you know, are sort of the two folks who edited
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00661-00362695-00363370 a special issue about assemblage thinking within urban geography.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00662-00363373-00363871 I know and teach, Neil, your critique of McFarlane's work.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00663-00363871-00364200 Not just yours—I mean, that you're one of the co-authors.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00664-00364265-00365024 And I think I've said to you that, because I absolutely agree
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00665-00365028-00365519 with your point that we don't really get very far
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00666-00365520-00366269 with an assemblage analytic if we're looking at this sociomaterial
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00667-00366270-00366618 assemblage and that sociomaterial assemblage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00668-00366618-00367270 For those of you who don't know, McFarlane works principally outside of Mumbai,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00669-00367372-00367934 and—but also in Sao Paulo and places like that—and has a very, very ethnographic
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00670-00367934-00368609 approach to thinking the urban and to, and to analyzing it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00671-00368610-00369240 And therefore, it is really difficult, given his proximity, I would say,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00672-00369240-00369977 to get to a larger scale. Now, Neil, as I understand, you know,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00673-00369977-00370671 your critique of this, it's like, well, gosh, we can't think about the city
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00674-00370671-00371231 with also—without thinking about macroeconomic forces, for instance,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00675-00371231-00371704 and then after those macroeconomic forces, then more microeconomic forces.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00676-00371704-00372221 But it is completely true that this is a body of work—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00677-00372221-00373010 this particular strain of urban geography is a body of work that really is not
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00678-00373013-00373930 engaged with a Marxist or political economic point of view.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00679-00373933-00374858 So there are advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantages are that it's like, wow,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00680-00374861-00375314 you're thinking about agency, but what about, like,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00681-00375317-00376056 structure and the way in which an economic structure is part of the agency?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00682-00376088-00376741 So I think that's absolutely valid. I think the advantage is, in fact,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00683-00376741-00377346 the proximity. I think the question then becomes, can it scale up?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00684-00377349-00378174 And what I believe I said to you before you joined our faculty is,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00685-00378177-00378727 well, couldn't you use an assemblage analytic to, in fact, scale up?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00686-00378728-00379137 And to say that they just, you know, they leave something out?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00687-00379137-00379602 I mean, given, say, Saskia's global assemblages,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00688-00379605-00380057 from, you know, medieval to global assemblages, you could scale up.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00689-00380057-00380562 Or given your concern with the fact that we shouldn't be thinking the city
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00690-00380562-00380750 at all, we should be thinking about urbanization.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00691-00380750-00380987 So I'm not going to show you Chicago,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00692-00380987-00381451 I'm going to show you the oil sands, the tar sands in Alberta,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00693-00381451-00381842 show you that picture, because that's urbanization also.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00694-00381891-00382718 And that moment of urbanization, including the possibility of making use
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00695-00382718-00383238 of that resource, is also part of the agency. So—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00696-00383241-00383582 And it strikes me that even if
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00697-00383634-00384134 McFarlane wants to be very proximate and to give us a close view, which I love,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00698-00384134-00384710 some of its descriptions, some of its narratives are wonderful, they should be
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00699-00384713-00385345 framed with not this as an alternative, but I think this would be
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00700-00385345-00385831 the stronger move, saying, oh, and people like Neil Brenner,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00701-00385831-00386277 they, you know, if they were to think about their work,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00702-00386277-00386621 there were an assemblage analytic, they would be thinking it this way.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00703-00386621-00387270 And that's a way in which big scale and small scale could
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00704-00387280-00387620 be put into some productive convergence.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00705-00387712-00387890 DAWDY: Great.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00706-00387892-00388330 I might have a follow up to that. But I'd like to go to Jim Chandler,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00707-00388437-00388778 AKA Doc J. Is that right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00708-00388781-00388950 Jim, are you there?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00709-00389007-00389192 BROWN: Oh, hey, Doctor Jim.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00710-00389420-00389552 You're still muted.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00711-00389904-00390308 JIM CHANDLER: It's great to see your new thinking on this.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00712-00390308-00390742 It's great stuff and very, very clear. I want to go back to your
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00713-00390742-00391209 Mark Bradford Dancing in the Street. I realized it's slightly to one side
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00714-00391210-00391752 of your project, but it, for me, raises three little questions.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00715-00391752-00392110 And I want to put them to you. You can choose what you want to respond to.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00716-00392113-00392794 One is that it's a—it strikes me as a practice of superimposition.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00717-00392794-00393218 It's not just the image on the building. But it's Detroit in the 1960s,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00718-00393242-00393780 which also had a big rising, and LA in the 1960s.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00719-00393781-00394141 So first question, what's the relation of the practice
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00720-00394141-00394551 of superimposition to assemblage in the way you think about it?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00721-00394820-00395130 There are three quick ones. The second one is,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00722-00395130-00395922 it's got a recording technology involved. And how do recording technologies,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00723-00395923-00396477 whether video or audio, get figured in this? Because most of your examples,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00724-00396477-00396791 as far as I can see, except for this one, don't have those things.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00725-00396791-00397277 And yet it seems like it's part of assemblage practice in the last 60 years.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00726-00397277-00397642 And then the third thing is sound. I know you said you don't want to do music,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00727-00397642-00398219 but that one's got sound. And so how are you thinking about how
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00728-00398220-00398688 sound plays into these assemblages again, since for your early stuff with sites
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00729-00398688-00398982 and all that, it doesn't seem like sound matters.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00730-00398982-00399427 And yet over the long decades since 1961,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00731-00399454-00399762 sound does seem to matter in these kinds of practices.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00732-00399765-00400144 BROWN: Yeah, yeah, yeah, good point.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00733-00400156-00400716 Sound also matters at the level of social protest, you know?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00734-00400800-00401415 So I'm happy to say that I suspect that the Mark Bradford piece will
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00735-00401415-00402155 not become part of the project. Rather, it struck me as a recent example
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00736-00402155-00402604 of a Black artist responding to an extraordinary moment in the history of
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00737-00402604-00403519 Black America, who was using a technique that you could call assemblage. I mean, I, you know—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00738-00403520-00404115 And certainly that would involve sound. Certainly would involve two cities,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00739-00404115-00404682 as you say, Detroit and LA. And it would involve a kind of
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00740-00404685-00405397 superimposition which doesn't have the same kind of edges that you get
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00741-00405397-00405947 in Rauschenberg, say, but that nonetheless does have what one might conceptualize
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00742-00405947-00406582 as a certain kind of edge as one tries to figure out, you know,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00743-00406582-00407358 what the building is, for instance. Where— why it's moving the way it's moving.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00744-00407361-00407936 I mean, it's a pretty confounding piece for the first few minutes
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00745-00407945-00408604 but thereafter, you know, it's a deeply, deeply satisfying one. And
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00746-00408608-00409077 both at Hauser and Wirth in London, where this was originally shown,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00747-00409077-00409434 and then also at the Smart Museum, where it was more recently shown,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00748-00409437-00410789 it is faced by his map of LA that was part of the McCone Commission report,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00749-00410789-00411706 which he has then defaced. I mean, in his terms, I think exactly in his terms,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00750-00411755-00412380 that particular map that came out of the McCone study flattened pain into data.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00751-00412501-00413125 And so what he does is take a blow up of the map and then start picking away at it
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00752-00413139-00413618 to produce, as it were, like, a new map of LA.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00753-00413671-00414217 And the video is clearly supposed to speak to the canvas and vice versa.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00754-00414230-00414624 So that's, that's not answering your question. That's instead of answering your question,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00755-00414624-00415231 saying more about Bradford. I think music could be so central to this
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00756-00415231-00415582 project, and I mean to absolutely exclude it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00757-00415582-00416107 I think I have to. One of our colleagues in
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00758-00416107-00416527 music here, a musicologist, has said to me, "At least the White Album.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00759-00416527-00416872 Bill, you've got to do the White Album." I mean, it's—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00760-00416896-00417444 And Carolyn Abbate sent me this, like, list of things that I had to think about.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00761-00417444-00417944 And, but that's what, you know, that's part of any project, right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00762-00417944-00418351 Is that, you know, there has to be, have to be principles,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00763-00418351-00418647 however arbitrary, of inclusion and exclusion.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00764-00418647-00419276 And so I'm actually not going there. And—but it is really, really interesting
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00765-00419308-00420148 because I think of the auditory as so different, and because I think of the
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00766-00420148-00420987 auditory and the olfactory as being these senses that you can't shut off easily.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00767-00420987-00421524 You can close your eyes, you can shut your mouth, but it's hard to shut your nose.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00768-00421524-00421851 It's hard to shut your ears. And so, you know,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00769-00421851-00422351 in a way, there's a kind of, like, you know, obviously,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00770-00422392-00422961 our experience of sound every day is an ongoing mode of processing
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00771-00422961-00423374 an assemblage of sounds, right? And Tony Sampson has this,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00772-00423385-00423792 you know, from my point of view, a pretty good book called
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00773-00423792-00424846 The Assemblage Brain, which doesn't go into a lot of neurobiology but into some.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00774-00424897-00425515 And it's sort of like through that route that I would want to try to say something
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00775-00425515-00425888 that was interesting about sound, like sound in general.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00776-00426312-00426756 DAWDY: Great. Do we have any other questions from the floor?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00777-00426891-00426998 Don't be shy.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00778-00427300-00427601 Well, I have a couple, but I'll just do one at a time and see if
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00779-00427601-00428293 anybody else comes up with something that they'd like to put forth.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00780-00428341-00428781 This is going to sound a little flaky. I ask oddball questions sometimes.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00781-00428781-00429181 I've been thinking about— and naive questions—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00782-00429241-00429808 and I've been thinking about the ways in which different kinds
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00783-00429808-00430484 of assemblages, material assemblages that are not art assemblages
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00784-00430589-00431785 seem to invite a real openness of readings. So I'm thinking of tea leaves, omens,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00785-00431889-00432439 kind of, found—things that are found together that seem to communicate
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00786-00432440-00433252 meaning in a way. And it almost seems like the Burroughs's cut-ups
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00787-00433456-00434174 are asserting or inviting multiple readings in a way, you know, that is—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00788-00434194-00434650 I mean, I don't know, I mean, Derrida is writing much later, right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00789-00434662-00435152 but it's almost like it's an authorship that's already denying its authority
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00790-00435152-00435471 and inviting multiple reads. And I'm sure that there were
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00791-00435471-00435898 other authors that did that, but it just seems to be a method
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00792-00436127-00437029 like augury, that invites multiple readings and unexpected readings.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00793-00437030-00437321 And I'm wondering if, I guess I'm just saying, do you agree with that?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00794-00437321-00437858 This is kind of an instinctual, naive response to thinking about different kinds of assemblage.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00795-00437891-00438207 BROWN: Yeah, no, I completely agree with it. And I think it's fascinating, Shannon.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00796-00438207-00438435 And I hadn't thought of it at all either.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00797-00438435-00439161 But I love thinking about augury under this spotlight
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00798-00439161-00440343 or through this, through this view. And to, I mean—for me, it's a way also of
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00799-00440472-00441266 thinking about the long human history of taking the accidental
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00800-00441268-00442109 to be meaningful, right? And I think that that's—I think that you're right
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00801-00442110-00442515 that the sort of fetishization of or of infatuation with the accident
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00802-00442515-00443112 and the accidental within the 60s, but also before that, in the 20s.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00803-00443200-00443760 you know, Duchamp, and like that, means to be
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00804-00443888-00444468 interrupting the process of meaning-making as usual, right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00805-00444488-00444998 But, but it is also the case that it is sort of like reminding us of the fact that—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00806-00444998-00445361 the tea leaves, that's a great example. It's a great example
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00807-00445362-00446093 I mean, I also feel as though when one's thinking about collage and assemblage,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00808-00446096-00447014 you can't help but notice the, you know, beauty of the everyday differently.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00809-00447017-00447605 Just remarkable how somebody's pile of junk is like,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00810-00447605-00448194 huh, so, you know, formally exquisite, right? That kind of thing.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00811-00448261-00448677 DAWDY: I mean, I'm thinking of the fruitfulness of Freudian and,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00812-00448678-00449580 you know, proto-Freudian ideas of things coming together that don't—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00813-00449589-00450081 you know, like dreams, where they are montages of scenes that don't really go together.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00814-00450081-00450481 It's not a linear narrative, but they're so rich for interpretation.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00815-00450481-00450812 But I'll share with you a quote from—I loved from a
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00816-00450813-00451144 post from a student in my Self class, we've been reading Freud,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00817-00451182-00451775 posted on Tuesday. It was like, I'm just so frustrated with Freud's
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00818-00451775-00452441 insistence on everything having meaning, just like this over-insistence on meaning
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00819-00452450-00452842 in what he was seeing as neurological randomness.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00820-00452843-00453458 And I just thought that was funny. But I was also, I think I said this
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00821-00453458-00453982 to you before, again, this is for my naiveté, about
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00822-00454025-00454411 art history. But why is this a post-Cubist moment?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00823-00454411-00454892 Why is collage in, you know, the early 20th century,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00824-00454914-00455435 which my naive understanding did have a lot of Freudian influence in it
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00825-00455435-00455799 and attempts to tap into the unconscious, which I thought Burroughs also was trying
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00826-00455800-00456376 to do at some point, although also through mind-altering substances.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00827-00456480-00456871 But why is the 60s, 70s— what's different
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00828-00456871-00457532 about Cubist collage versus these practices of art assemblage?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00829-00457547-00458110 BROWN: Mmm hmm, mmm hmm. Let me start with Burroughs, okay.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00830-00458124-00458792 Just because I do—I feel as though what, what Burroughs was after was,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00831-00458832-00459281 you know, dethroning the subject, getting over the subject.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00832-00459294-00459644 You know, it's so common now where, you know, we just hear over
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00833-00459644-00459967 and over again, the subject is not self same,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00834-00459967-00460510 the subject is not sovereign, the non-sovereignty of subjectivity.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00835-00460513-00461078 And obviously if you think assemblage and you think about the thing we call
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00836-00461080-00461457 personhood as an assemblage, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera, that, you know,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00837-00461457-00462235 I'm completely in accord with all of that. And of course, I think, you know,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00838-00462235-00462711 Freud was like one of the first people to get to that point and to teach us
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00839-00462711-00463338 that the subject is not self same and that we think we are who we are, but actually
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00840-00463341-00464020 we are like our relation to mommy, daddy and me, as Deleuze and Guattari would put it.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00841-00464080-00464906 You know, but it's that relation. So that's just a point to make about Burroughs.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00842-00464909-00465431 Burroughs, who was not so interested in Freud, but he was very, very interested
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00843-00465445-00466729 in getting over the subject, you know in his way via what he understood to be the mechanistic.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00844-00466730-00467452 But he was very, very interested in machines, too, tape recorders in particular.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00845-00467624-00468096 And I guess what I would say about the relationship between,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00846-00468116-00468628 you know—sorry [phone ringing]—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00847-00468772-00469460 relationship between earlier moments of collage assemblage and later ones,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00848-00469528-00470637 You know, I think the synthetic Cubism hits, you know, in Still Life with Chair Caning.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00849-00470637-00471267 I mean, we sort of date it 1912. Actually dated a little bit before that
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00850-00471270-00471810 with construction and some of the guitars out of cardboard.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00851-00471813-00472541 But I suppose when I— to answer that question, I, like, want to—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00852-00472541-00472770 I feel as though I need paired images.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00853-00472772-00473358 One side would have something like that Picasso or
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00854-00473361-00474197 a Braque or a Gris, and the other side would have a Rauschenberg, say.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00855-00474200-00474788 And I suppose that it would be pretty clear pretty early on
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00856-00474788-00475568 the degree to which the Cubist painter-slash-collagist is
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00857-00475668-00476430 addicted to the rectangle, for instance, addicted to a certain kind of framing
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00858-00476433-00476951 and to, and to pictorialism. I mean, it still does seem as though these are
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00859-00476951-00477439 trying to create pictures, even if the pictures sometimes seem very, very incomplete.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00860-00477450-00477812 I think Schwitters becomes for me the key
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00861-00477814-00478480 figure in 20th century art when it comes to assemblage in relation to my project
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00862-00478483-00479193 or in relation to the Purifoy part of the project, because, I mean, he's really
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00863-00479196-00479778 taking detritus and making objects. Yes, part of that—
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00864-00479780-00480174 it's a very post-World War One
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00865-00480176-00481010 impulse, and part of its impulse is not to recreate the world as the same.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00866-00481054-00481650 Right? And I feel as though this is what Benjamin really has his
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00867-00481689-00482279 finger on as a pulse, and certainly he himself does as well in his own.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00868-00482280-00482924 I mean, you could call the Passages work an assemblage, a big assemblage piece,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00869-00482924-00483509 and that is to take from destr— to recognize, oh, here's destruction.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00870-00483510-00484044 And from that we can reconstruct something else or reassemble something else.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00871-00484044-00485202 But given the horrors that led to that previous entity, city, culture,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00872-00485202-00485692 it's important that it not be the same and that it not be recognizable, right?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00873-00485712-00485947 And I think that's
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00874-00485947-00486628 a powerful aspect of Schwitters's project, and I think also a powerful aspect of,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00875-00486628-00487205 an unacknowledged aspect of what Purifoy is doing or what assemblage art does.
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00876-00487375-00487751 DAWDY: Wonderful. Any other questions from the audience?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00877-00488187-00488588 Okay, that might be a good place to pause. I know you have other things
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00878-00488588-00488917 you have to get to, and I would like to give you a,
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00879-00488917-00489718 a little bit of a transition time. So could everyone join me in thanking Bill?
rdZ_2vKYUuk-00880-00489718-00489778 BROWN: Thank you all.