WPLkDK8MKgg-00000-00000052-00000634 Salted Chinese Cabbage
WPLkDK8MKgg-00002-00000684-00000868 sangeoimo
WPLkDK8MKgg-00005-00000968-00001426 Use 120g thick salt for 1 cabbage
WPLkDK8MKgg-00006-00001426-00001816 I'm going to salt three cabbages today
WPLkDK8MKgg-00013-00003186-00003696 Remove the dirty part of the cabbage from the skin
WPLkDK8MKgg-00022-00006846-00007108 It makes salt water
WPLkDK8MKgg-00031-00008884-00009096 Use 2 cups salt first
WPLkDK8MKgg-00033-00009146-00009594 240g salt (2 cup)
WPLkDK8MKgg-00036-00009966-00010458 I'll use 120 grams later.
WPLkDK8MKgg-00038-00010560-00011006 3 litres of water
WPLkDK8MKgg-00040-00011362-00011690 dissolve salt in water
WPLkDK8MKgg-00047-00013386-00013768 Sprinkle salt water on the cabbage
WPLkDK8MKgg-00058-00017610-00018056 Divide 120 grams of salt and sprinkle
WPLkDK8MKgg-00076-00022978-00023268 When the cabbage is pickled, it changes its position up and down
WPLkDK8MKgg-00104-00033530-00033954 It changes the position of the cabbage
WPLkDK8MKgg-00107-00034656-00034964 It's 12 to 24 hours a day
WPLkDK8MKgg-00125-00039812-00040078 It's been 12 hours
WPLkDK8MKgg-00134-00042724-00043238 Leave the cabbage until it's fluffy like this
WPLkDK8MKgg-00154-00048684-00049016 Wash the pickled cabbage now
WPLkDK8MKgg-00193-00059602-00060076 Put the washed cabbage in a basket and drain (more than 2 hours)
WPLkDK8MKgg-00195-00060184-00060960 Thank you for subscribing
WPLkDK8MKgg-00205-00064908-00065396 Now, if you put on the sauce, it's kimchi.
WREnNXZwvsc-00000-00000003-00000703 Welcome to a tutorial of Hyphen Reader version 1.2.3 on IOS.
WREnNXZwvsc-00001-00000705-00001583 This video was created with support from the Government of Canadas Social Development Partnerships Program - Disability Component.
WREnNXZwvsc-00002-00001583-00002298 The opinions and interpretations in this video are those of the creator and do not necessarily reflect those of the Government of Canada.
WREnNXZwvsc-00003-00002298-00002483 It was produced with sighted assistance.
WREnNXZwvsc-00004-00002778-00003267 Hyphen offers a simple interface, with a wealth of options for visual adjustment.
WREnNXZwvsc-00005-00003267-00003540 It supports books in ePub format.
WREnNXZwvsc-00006-00003540-00004147 They can be copied to Hyphen right from the NNELS repository, or even imported from Dropbox.
WREnNXZwvsc-00007-00004147-00004734 It works fairly well with VoiceOver, though some controls are excluded from the swipe order.
WREnNXZwvsc-00008-00004734-00005565 It also lacks a read-to-end feature, so VoiceOver's reading function must be activated at the beginning of each new chapter.
WREnNXZwvsc-00009-00005565-00005932 Here, we're looking at the record for Treasure Island on the NNELS website.
WREnNXZwvsc-00010-00005932-00006451 When we press Download ePub, we're asked where to store the book.
WREnNXZwvsc-00011-00006451-00006926 You may need to press More first, but we're going to select "Open in Hyphen".
WREnNXZwvsc-00012-00006926-00007584 The book imports after a few seconds, and shows up in your list of available titles.
WREnNXZwvsc-00013-00007584-00008212 To find new books, you can press the "Add Books" button, found at the bottom of the screen near the right.
WREnNXZwvsc-00014-00008212-00009304 This pulls up a list of supported online services, but because NNELS is not one of them, you'll usually want to find new reading material in Safari on the NNELS website.
WREnNXZwvsc-00015-00009304-00009829 Then, to start reading, just tap the book's title.
WREnNXZwvsc-00016-00009829-00010264 Treasure Island is now open in Hyphen, showing up in the reading pane.
WREnNXZwvsc-00017-00010264-00010700 To ask VoiceOver to begin reading, just swipe down with two fingers.
WREnNXZwvsc-00018-00011434-00011947 To access reading features, just double-tap the reading pane.
WREnNXZwvsc-00019-00011947-00012317 This reveals five buttons across the top of the screen.
WREnNXZwvsc-00020-00012317-00013072 They are unfortunately unlabeled, but we'll now go through each one from left to right.
WREnNXZwvsc-00021-00013072-00013593 To find text in your book, press Search, found at the far-left of the button-bar.
WREnNXZwvsc-00022-00013593-00014407 Type in the phrase you wish to find, then press Search on the right side of the keyboard.
WREnNXZwvsc-00023-00014407-00014886 Hyphen will then show you a list of sentences that  contain your query.
WREnNXZwvsc-00024-00014886-00015772 Move through the list by swiping left or right, and tap a sentence to be taken to that page in your book.
WREnNXZwvsc-00025-00015772-00016222 To move to a different chapter, just press Table of Contents,.
WREnNXZwvsc-00026-00016222-00017039 Swipe through the list until you find the desired section, and tap it to go there in your book.
WREnNXZwvsc-00027-00017039-00017664 The next button, Settings, has a wealth of options for visual reading preferences.
WREnNXZwvsc-00028-00017664-00018297 You can also use it to change how you interact with the book.
WREnNXZwvsc-00029-00018297-00018682 To go to a particular page in your book, press More.
WREnNXZwvsc-00030-00018682-00019707 Select "Go to ADE Page, type in the page number you want to read, and press Go.
WREnNXZwvsc-00031-00019707-00019990 The final button is called Close.
WREnNXZwvsc-00032-00019990-00020365 You can press it to return to your list of books.
WREnNXZwvsc-00033-00020365-00021037 Swipe through the list to find the book you wish to read, then tap the title to open it.
WREnNXZwvsc-00034-00021037-00021526 Hyphen has a clean and usable interface.
WREnNXZwvsc-00035-00021526-00021815 Once you get the hang of it, it works well with VoiceOver.
WSb8IeUApek-00000-00000568-00001119 The Resource Corner section will showcase presentations on utilizing technology tools
WSb8IeUApek-00001-00001119-00001288 to assist in writing.
WSb8IeUApek-00002-00001288-00001819 Leyla Karatay will demonstrate how ChatGPT can be used for writing activities, and I
WSb8IeUApek-00003-00001819-00002443 will show the less commonly used features of word processing tools, like MS Word and
WSb8IeUApek-00004-00002443-00002567 Google Docs.
WSb8IeUApek-00005-00002567-00002944 Let's begin by exploring the use of ChatGPT in writing classes.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00000-00000200-00000350 Dong-chul!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00001-00000378-00000562 Why are you yelling all of a sudden?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00002-00000604-00000803 [What is this all of a sudden? lol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00003-00000827-00000964 Dong-chul!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00004-00001011-00001108 Dong-chul! lol
WT5Dq2knaUI-00005-00001304-00001504 Not Dongchul~ah! Dong~chul!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00006-00001536-00001686 [What's the difference? lol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00007-00001694-00001994 She needs a hearing aid, not a calibrator.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00008-00002186-00002386 Please Like and Subscribe
WT5Dq2knaUI-00009-00002808-00003214 Notification too!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00010-00003382-00003636 Btw..I think No.4's voice sounds like a man.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00011-00003652-00003890 Why do you keep calling me a man? you said i was a Girlbbo!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00012-00003900-00004112 I don't care if you're a Girlbbo or Nambbo.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00013-00004130-00004294 Let's just eat the chicken and go home!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00014-00004302-00004526 I've fed you once, so feed me!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00015-00004526-00004700 That's too bad;
WT5Dq2knaUI-00016-00004710-00004910 what do you like? Do you like fired?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00017-00004960-00005140 Half seasoned and half fried! and a lot of pickled radish~!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00018-00005146-00005316 What's that?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00019-00005396-00005638 She said eats a lot of radishes.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00020-00005672-00005872 Radish~?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00021-00006284-00006484 [It's crazy lolol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00022-00006504-00006704 (lolololol)
WT5Dq2knaUI-00023-00006704-00006822 You were just like an old man!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00024-00006881-00007062 Call me Father~
WT5Dq2knaUI-00025-00007062-00007273 You were just like an old man!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00026-00007273-00007509 You were born just before I smoked. lol
WT5Dq2knaUI-00027-00007516-00007700 Dongchul! What month were you born?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00028-00007718-00007880 March 1976!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00029-00007880-00007994 March??
WT5Dq2knaUI-00030-00007994-00008156 Yes, the lunar calendar!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00031-00008156-00008328 [the lunar calendar? lol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00032-00008336-00008504 Call me brother! I was born in February.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00033-00008504-00008686 I think he should be on the air.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00034-00008746-00008902 The enemies are coming to us.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00035-00008902-00009024 They're coming?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00036-00009222-00009464 Let's meet alive~
WT5Dq2knaUI-00037-00009686-00009790 There's an enemy near my house!!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00038-00009924-00010080 There was an enemy in front of me.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00039-00010080-00010280 I think the enemy is hiding in the house.  Let's go together!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00040-00010772-00010972 [Super save..?]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00041-00011084-00011184 There are two more!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00042-00011208-00011310 Near the house!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00043-00011310-00011440 There's an enemy near stone!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00044-00011440-00011508 Over there!!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00045-00011740-00012050 It's on the stone in front of you No.3!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00046-00012120-00012258 Nice~
WT5Dq2knaUI-00047-00012288-00012482 The last enemy is in the house!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00048-00012482-00012640 He's going behind the house!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00049-00012928-00013169 [Their super save~]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00050-00013174-00013436 Did you see it?! x2
WT5Dq2knaUI-00051-00013469-00013558 Ouch!!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00052-00013656-00013856 Did you see it Dongchul?!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00053-00013860-00014076 Stop looking for Dongchul! lol
WT5Dq2knaUI-00054-00014102-00014286 Dongchul~~
WT5Dq2knaUI-00055-00014410-00014676 (lololol)
WT5Dq2knaUI-00056-00014726-00014912 [Next match!]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00057-00014912-00015034 Dongchul !
WT5Dq2knaUI-00058-00015100-00015286 Why are you yelling all of a sudden?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00059-00015316-00015534 [What is this all of a sudden? lol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00060-00015534-00015718 Dongchul !
WT5Dq2knaUI-00061-00016054-00016254 Not Dongchul~ah! Dong~chul!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00062-00016254-00016386 [What's the difference? lol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00063-00016396-00016726 She needs a hearing aid, not a calibrator.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00064-00016738-00016938 Why are you calling me??
WT5Dq2knaUI-00065-00016940-00017170 I called you earlier, and you answered now...
WT5Dq2knaUI-00066-00017200-00017448 Call him in advance! If you want to call him!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00067-00017502-00017702 We're all going separately.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00068-00017846-00018006 No.2 ! Where are you going?!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00069-00018020-00018278 Ha...No.2..That young boy...
WT5Dq2knaUI-00070-00018292-00018492 I'm in the magnetic field!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00071-00018492-00018726 You don't even think about helping me!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00072-00018726-00018852 No.4 is the only one who help me!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00073-00018852-00018980 Come quickly!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00074-00018980-00019238 No.4! Do you know that he has a lot of money?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00075-00019238-00019564 [Oh really~? lol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00076-00019606-00019994 Lyon's car is a Mercedes Benz. I think you made the wrong choice.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00077-00020016-00020164 I'll give you another chance!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00078-00020196-00020480 Then, no.1 Are you rich than No. 2?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00079-00020486-00020686 You said No.2 was younger?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00080-00020700-00020976 Age doesn't mean anything! It's important to die early.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00081-00021188-00021446 It's uncomfortable to live long.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00082-00021458-00021810 [Sudden death lolol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00083-00021854-00022054 But...Where are you from? No. 3!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00084-00022070-00022164 Your accent.... lolol
WT5Dq2knaUI-00085-00022164-00022262 His hometown is Yanbian!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00086-00022262-00022600 [Ah...I see..lol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00087-00022898-00023074 I heard No.4! you're from Masan!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00088-00023074-00023124 Yes!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00089-00023124-00023272 I live near you!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00090-00023272-00023462 Busan? -No, Daegu!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00091-00023462-00023660 Is that a Daegu dialect? lol
WT5Dq2knaUI-00092-00023840-00024040 [Last match!!]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00093-00024392-00024538 Low blood sugar...
WT5Dq2knaUI-00094-00024556-00024672 I think i need sugar...
WT5Dq2knaUI-00095-00024686-00024912 I ate four soy milk!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00096-00024930-00025138 [Soy milk doping? lol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00097-00025138-00025300 How old are you? No.4
WT5Dq2knaUI-00098-00025312-00025432 33 years old!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00099-00025464-00025604 33 years old...
WT5Dq2knaUI-00100-00025604-00026036 You'll find out in 12 years why I drink soy milk!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00101-00026320-00026588 Btw...Can I upload what we did together on YouTube?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00102-00026588-00026766 It's you, right?!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00103-00026774-00026877 You didn't know?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00104-00026877-00027074 I thought you knew.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00105-00027330-00027482 You're a Girlbbo, aren't you?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00106-00027482-00027554 Yes!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00107-00027558-00027745 I thought you knew.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00108-00027745-00028010 Although I'm hard of hearing, i know that much!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00109-00028010-00028232 Jinsu! You said no earlier.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00110-00028660-00028860 But I'm a Girlbbo, not a glbbo.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00111-00029058-00029258 Hey, are your hands shaking again?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00112-00029392-00029508 Did you hear it?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00113-00029508-00029688 Yeah!  I think you need sugar lol
WT5Dq2knaUI-00114-00029692-00029988 My hands are shaking so I need to be in the truck.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00115-00029988-00030150 Let's go No.3!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00116-00030333-00030527 I'm not going to do No.3~
WT5Dq2knaUI-00117-00030527-00030726 lolololol
WT5Dq2knaUI-00118-00030792-00030970 Let's go! I'll go first!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00119-00030970-00031160 She's using me as a shield!!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00120-00031166-00031488 Then i'll go, You kill the enemy.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00121-00032006-00032206 [Nice!]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00122-00032316-00032442 I'll do the kill!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00123-00032456-00032550 Okay!!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00124-00032618-00032720 On no!!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00125-00032790-00032990 No... you died in the last game.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00126-00032990-00033100 Ah! There's an enemy! Check!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00127-00033172-00033366 Hold still!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00128-00033710-00033910 Oh no... definitely death...
WT5Dq2knaUI-00129-00034656-00034764 He's good at shooting!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00130-00035606-00035868 [What?! lolol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00131-00035868-00036086 [I'm a Boogend!]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00132-00036122-00036340 [Her own method lolol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00133-00037382-00037538 He was stabbed to death!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00134-00037538-00037754 Wow, is this real?;
WT5Dq2knaUI-00135-00037760-00037974 She's a bully!!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00136-00037974-00038220 Why did you die to this man?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00137-00038222-00038422 He was stabbed to death?
WT5Dq2knaUI-00138-00038422-00038602 [Doubt one's ears lol]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00139-00039200-00039384 She even threw a baseball bat.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00140-00039408-00039716 I used to upload a video on our group chat!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00141-00039726-00039892 The girl was a Girlbbo!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00142-00039914-00040108 [Did you even promote me~?]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00143-00040128-00040318 (That video he promoted. lol)
WT5Dq2knaUI-00144-00041248-00041448 Thank you for promoting me~
WT5Dq2knaUI-00145-00041484-00041684 Don't say thank you.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00146-00041700-00041896 Show me something!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00147-00041934-00042452 Thank you so much~~~ No.3!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00148-00042478-00042678 I don't need that.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00149-00042678-00042878 Give me something!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00150-00042878-00042982 Something what?!!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00151-00042982-00043068 Soy milk!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00152-00043068-00043232 Give him soy milk. lolol
WT5Dq2knaUI-00153-00043978-00044186 You can't go that way. I'll prevent the bullet.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00154-00044498-00044698 No! behind!  The enemy is on the hill.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00155-00044704-00044952 (They're under attack from both sides...)
WT5Dq2knaUI-00156-00045408-00045608 Enemy's here!!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00157-00045884-00046084 The enemy's in the opposite warehouse!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00158-00046758-00047046 [What a waste...]
WT5Dq2knaUI-00159-00047372-00047542 It was fun. Girlbbo~
WT5Dq2knaUI-00160-00047542-00047770 I had so much fun with you guys!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00161-00047770-00047948 My viewers said it was fun!!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00162-00047948-00048144 I did it for a long time because it was fun.
WT5Dq2knaUI-00163-00048144-00048454 [Thank you for playing with me~] I'm going to subscribe~
WT5Dq2knaUI-00164-00048454-00048722 Call me whenever you need us!
WT5Dq2knaUI-00165-00048940-00049206 Call me after you deposit 25,000 won...
WT5Dq2knaUI-00166-00049208-00049366 Okay~!
WTSNoFWhHlU-00000-00000401-00000690 Clare Grieve: When you start to curate a study in BugSigDB, the
WTSNoFWhHlU-00001-00000690-00000986 first thing you'll do is click add a study at the top of the page.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00002-00001023-00001320 This will bring you to the create study page that we're looking at now.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00003-00001377-00001668 The first information that you'll add is the study design.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00004-00001739-00002139 This is a dropdown field, and in this case with the sample
WTSNoFWhHlU-00005-00002139-00002247 paper that we're looking at.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00006-00002247-00002442 It's an observational, not case control.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00007-00002556-00002715 Next, you'll enter the citation.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00008-00002733-00003090 Generally, you can use the auto mode in order to auto-populate based
WTSNoFWhHlU-00009-00003090-00003311 on any one of these identifiers.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00010-00003372-00003564 In this case, I have the DOI queued up.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00011-00003639-00003975 I'll then hit complete informed data and save page.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00012-00004308-00004823 Now we see that all the information has populated and we hit add a new experiment.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00013-00005295-00005634 On the edit experiment page, you'll first add some details about the
WTSNoFWhHlU-00014-00005634-00005961 study and the comparison groups for the signature that you're curating.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00015-00006015-00006297 In our example paper, the location of subjects is China.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00016-00006456-00006687 Then the host species field is a dropdown.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00017-00006687-00006813 We can choose humans here.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00018-00006813-00006950 There's also mice and rats.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00019-00007116-00007403 Body site is where the microbial samples were taken from,
WTSNoFWhHlU-00020-00007431-00007570 which in this case is Feces.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00021-00007658-00008078 The condition is the condition that the study is looking at, which
WTSNoFWhHlU-00022-00008078-00008292 here is Graves Ophthalmopathy.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00023-00008382-00008669 You'll then add the Group 0 name, the control group,
WTSNoFWhHlU-00024-00008691-00008936 versus the cases, the group 1.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00025-00008991-00009347 Then you'll define group 1, which here is patients with severe and
WTSNoFWhHlU-00026-00009347-00009497 active Graves Ophthalmopathy.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00027-00009581-00009980 You'll then add the sample sizes for each of the groups and any antibiotics
WTSNoFWhHlU-00028-00009980-00010174 exclusion detailed in the paper.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00029-00010322-00010613 Moving into the lab analysis portion, you'll add the type of
WTSNoFWhHlU-00030-00010613-00011135 sequencing, 16S or whole metagenomic, and the sequencing platform as
WTSNoFWhHlU-00031-00011135-00011315 well, which here is Ion Torrent.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00032-00011537-00011834 Rimsha Azhar: For the analysis section, you'll first need to select if any
WTSNoFWhHlU-00033-00011834-00012150 data transformation was applied prior to differential abundance testing.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00034-00012280-00012739 Next, you'll enter the statistical test for differential abundance testing and
WTSNoFWhHlU-00035-00012739-00012947 the significant threshold that was used.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00036-00012985-00013394 You'll also need to select if the P-values were corrected for multiple testing.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00037-00013438-00013931 In this example, the test was LEfSe with threshold of 0.05 with no
WTSNoFWhHlU-00038-00013931-00014026 Multiple Hypothesis Testing correction.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00039-00014156-00014507 For the next two fields, you'll enter information only if it's applicable.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00040-00014600-00014897 The earlier score applies when the test is LEfSe.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00041-00014952-00015279 For "matched on", you'll enter factors on which subjects have
WTSNoFWhHlU-00042-00015279-00015441 been matched on during selection.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00043-00015642-00016002 Moving on to Alpha Diversity, you select an increased,
WTSNoFWhHlU-00044-00016002-00016218 decreased, or an unchanged result.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00045-00016227-00016635 For the corresponding alpha diversity measures for non-significant
WTSNoFWhHlU-00046-00016635-00016839 results, you select unchanged.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00047-00016964-00017333 In this section, you'll only record data for the diversity measures that
WTSNoFWhHlU-00048-00017333-00017516 are mentioned or used in the study.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00049-00017594-00018005 For example, the sample study we're looking at here is using Shannon,
WTSNoFWhHlU-00050-00018005-00018245 Chao1, Simpson, and Richness.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00051-00018275-00018729 Shannon and  Simpson diversity results show decreased diversity, whereas the
WTSNoFWhHlU-00052-00018729-00019186 other two have non-significant result, which is why I've selected unchanged here.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00053-00019285-00019676 Once all the information in the experiment section is entered, make sure
WTSNoFWhHlU-00054-00019676-00019904 to select complete, and save the page.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00055-00020177-00020462 Once you see the experiment section populated, we'll then
WTSNoFWhHlU-00056-00020462-00020801 click on "add a new signature" to enter the microbiome details.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00057-00021263-00021584 On the edit signature page, you'll first need to enter the source and the
WTSNoFWhHlU-00058-00021584-00021797 description of the microbiome signatures.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00059-00021865-00022243 Here, we're recording signatures from figure 5b of the sample study,
WTSNoFWhHlU-00060-00022297-00022582 and I have a small description of the details of this signature.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00061-00022708-00023145 Next, you'll select direction of this set of signature or the abundance in group 1.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00062-00023194-00023535 Generally signature one is the increased group of signatures.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00063-00023634-00023937 In the last field, you'll enter the taxon, one by one, that
WTSNoFWhHlU-00064-00023937-00024036 are in the increased group.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00065-00024096-00024468 This is an auto-complete field, and will populate taxon names
WTSNoFWhHlU-00066-00024468-00024579 that are in the database.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00067-00024696-00025059 If a name cannot be recognized, you can find it in the NCBI taxon
WTSNoFWhHlU-00068-00025110-00025236 identifier by searching it here.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00069-00025332-00025806 Once all the information is entered, make sure to select complete and save the page.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00070-00026046-00026361 After you have entered and saved signature 1, you'll click on add
WTSNoFWhHlU-00071-00026361-00026661 a new signature again, to enter the second set of signature.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00072-00027064-00027394 For the second set of signature, you'll enter the same source and
WTSNoFWhHlU-00073-00027394-00027880 description as you did in signature 1, but here you'll select decreased for
WTSNoFWhHlU-00074-00027880-00028366 abundance in group 1, and enter all the  decreased microbiome in group 1.
WTSNoFWhHlU-00075-00028952-00029335 Once all the form data is completed and save, we can see the information
WTSNoFWhHlU-00076-00029335-00029566 is populated on the main study page.
WUNJnzMcIfu-00000-00000000-00000500 ᴄ͞ᵈ̍ᵦ̤ᴪ̖ᵩ͓ᶀ̦ᵽ᷿ᵝ͘ᴰ̕ ᶭ̒ᵶͬᴇ̋ ᶏ̪ᴤ͕ᴐ͙ᴫ̙ᵹ̉ᴁ̉ᴥ͓ᶲ̟ᶠ̬ᴪ̰ᵿ̺ᶒ͝ᴗ̀ ᶐͩᶳ͊ᶨ͡ᶉ̒ᶌ̖ᶬ͖ᶖ̙ᶉͤᵩ̫ᶩ̩ᶢ̞ ᵁ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00001-00000500-00000700 ᷾ ᶌͪᵖ̬ᵃ̀ᵁ᷊ᴜ̙ᶧ́ᵃ̺ ᵙ̕ᵋ̸ᴽ̕ᴺͥᴗ̶ᶅ̳ᴛ̩ᴫ͆ᶟ̂ᴆ͙ᴌ̊ᴖ̨ᵷ̫ ᶽͥᵖ̇ᶘͤᵖ͡ᴊͧᵡͩᵓ̕ᵓ͕ ᴲ͓ᵽͥᴋ̎ᶣ̵ᵤ᷁ᶩ̹ᶴ̿ᶌ̣
WUNJnzMcIfu-00002-00000700-00000900 ᵆ͆ᵩ͋ ᴮ͋ ᶢ̫ᴳ᷇ᵝ̪ᶠͤᵧ̅ᶸ̭ ᵗ̝ ᶿ̈́ᶟ᷂ᶡ͙ᶕ̒ᵀ̂ᴙ͊ᵂ͞ᴖ̯ᶰ̌ᵗ̔ᵩ̆ ᴙ͟ᵧ̺ᵂ͜ᵱ̤ᴧ̦ᴨ͐ᴍ̒ᵇ͔ᶬ̾ᵇ᷉ᵎ̖ᴁ̺ᵄ᷄ ᴻ͗ᵡ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00003-00000900-00001100 ̲ᴜ̱ᵵ͘ᶻ̥ᶫ͂ᴒ̠ᵉ̑ᶂ̥ᵌ̑ᴎ᷁ ᶘ͌ᴙͧᴶͥᴣ᷂ᶺ͢ᶥ͇ᵓ͌ᵫ̙ᶪ̏ᶉ̰ᴜ̢ᵏͭ ᶗ̠ᶸ᷇ᴁ͡ᴙ̨ᵨ͔ᶎ̫ᴜ̴ᵻ̞ᶽ̫ᵈ᷀ ᴨ͘ᵹ͂ᶓ͎ᶷ͞ᶐ͜ᵋ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00004-00001100-00001300 ͩᵏ᷆ ᴦ͒ ᵶ᷆ᴩ͞ᴘ̻ᵣ̆ᶒ̦ ᶽ̴ᴘ̓ᵯ᷇ᴜ͝ᴉ͍ᶊͬ ᴯ̰ᴁ͂ᴿ̅ᴻ̞ᶚͫᴃͦᶤ̲ᶆ̭ᶽ̂ ᶔ̐ᶟ̜ᵵ͌ ᶴ͗ ᶮ̂ᴯ̇ᵫ̚ᴡ͜ᵤ͍ᶆ̥ ᶵ̣ᶬ̡
WUNJnzMcIfu-00005-00001300-00001500 ᴐ͇ᴰ̈ᶻ᷀ᵛ͔ᴳ͟ᶚ͔ ᴃ͛ᶮ̆ᵭ̏ᵻͪᴜ̺ᴟ̓ᴭ̠ᴁ̄ᴾ̮ᴗͥᶣ᷆ᴸ͜ᵬ̗ᶞ͊ᴛ̈́ ᵙ̍ᴊͧᴂ̙ᵒͧᴲ͗ᶲ᷁ᶁ᷅ᴠ᷈ᵄ̂ᴌ̞ ᶆ̗ᵪ̬ ᴬ̭ᵈͥᶭͯᴃ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00006-00001500-00001700 ̨ᶣ̕ᴒ͋ᵚ̦ᶚ̭ ᵨ̗ᵂ͏ᴙ͊ᶢ̑ᵜ̸ᶭ̧ᶥ̽ᴳ̃ᵧ᷇ᵫͯᶡ͏ᵢ̉ᶫ͒ᴉͩᵶ̏ᴒ̅ ᵿ̔ ᶸ̇ᶊ᷆ᶈͬᵥ͔ᴦ͞ᶛ̸ᶉ̬ᵞ̆ᴮ̪ᴓ͆ᵴ̂ᴳ᷾ ᶆ̇ᶝ̾ᶈ͢
WUNJnzMcIfu-00007-00001700-00001900 ᵤ᷁ᶕ̒ᶾͮᴮ́ ᵞ͂ᴍ͎ᴯ͐ᶗ͗ᴂ͂ᴒ͓ᶁ̤ᴿ̦ᴛ͑ ᶍ̴ᵛ̫ᵾ̋ᶌ̌ᵖ̟ᴟ̒ᵇ͔ᶜ̑ᶄ̎ ᴶ̥ᵈ᷃ᴎ̌ᴛͤᴫͦ ᶭ͙ᴾ̶ᶥ̫ᴋ̐ᵇ̮ᶦ͑ᴬͣ ᶱ͖ᴃ͢
WUNJnzMcIfu-00008-00001900-00002100 ᵍ̰ᵍ᷂ᵑ͡ᶎ̑ᵾ̾ᶸͩ ᵨ̞ ᴻ̋ᵕ̪ᵈ͊ᴍ̘ᴌ᷈ᴱ͐ ᵈ̫ ᶛ̌ᴂ͛ᵭ᷉ᴄ̈ᵄ̃ ᶢ̺ᶎ̇ᵭ̧ᵛ᷁ᶶͫ ᴺ̢ᴝ̖ᴾ̗ᴯ̊ ᵓ̘ᴥ͏ᴠ᷊ᵤͯᴍ̈́ᵖ͛ ᵐ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00009-00002100-00002300 ̈́ ᴹ̼ᴽ᷅ᵫ᷄ᵁ͇ᶺ̐ᴀ́ᴆ͖ ᴼ̽ᴄ͗ᶀ̠ᴯͩᴔͧᴒ͇ᵺ͂ᶅ̧ ᴛ̟ᶷͯᴔ͑ᶱͮᴫ͎ ᴋ᷊ᶽ᷊ᶧ͎ᶱ͛ ᵅ̈́ ᵉ̺ᵌ̬ᵩͧᶾ̀ᴏ᷄ᵨ͢ ᴢ̚ᶁ͘ᵆ͚ᵎ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00010-00002300-00002500 ͛ᴟ̭ᶫ͌ᵩ̯ᴧ̟ᵳͤ ᵳ̱ᴷ᷈ᵧ̾ᶼ᷆ᵇ͛ᴗͅᵗ͋ᴋ̱ᴔ̶ᴼ͞ᴎ̝ᵓ᷈ᵘ̜ ᶃͫᶁ͝ᵞ͈ᴺ͐ᶘ᷈ᵓ̟ ᶛ̠ᴘ̡ᵥ͘ᶓͪᶍ̓ᵭͥᵫ̤ ᵃͣ ᵿ̇ᵲ̶ᶍ̡ᶟ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00011-00002500-00002700 ̙ᵪ̎ᴩ̕ᶐ̘ ᶅ̐ᵠͦᶰ̞ᶐ͠ᵕͯᶤ̶ ᴢ͡ᴥ͝ᶴ͢ᵎ̎ᴒ̍ᶏ͌ᶇ᷈ᵕ̋ᵓ̤ ᶹ͂ᶎͣᶍ̇ᴎ͌ᵰ᷉ᶑ͟ᶋ᷆ᵢ̤ᴀ͇ ᶏ̼ᶯ͝ᴝͤᶦͅᵿͭᵺ̱ ᶙ̴ᶓ᷆ᴁ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00012-00002700-00002900 ̇ᵟ͘ ᵌ᷇ᵹ̬ᵭ̞ᵓͬᶻ̡ᴋ͡ᶆ͙ᵕ͂ᴎ᷊ᴮ̇ᶣ͂ ᵹ̡ᶅ̿ᶠ̫ᶅ̙ᴱͮ ᶔ̔ᴺ͢ᵬͦᴊ̶ ᶤ͈ᵂͯᴥ̗ᵦ͑ᵛͬᶩ̍ᶶ̤ᴀ̾ᵀ̠ ᶧ̝ ᴪ̳ᶫ̞ᶷ͆ᵘ͒
WUNJnzMcIfu-00013-00002900-00003100 ᶈ́ᶶ͉ᶋͨᴷ͆ᴣͫᴝͨᵺͮᶣ̺ ᵢ̒ᴛ̚ᶦ͛ᴾ͂ᵻ̂ᵒ᷃ᶼ̠ᴃ͜ᶸ̛ᴐͭ ᴀͅᴒ᷅ᴍ̄ᴉ̡ᶗ̪ᴂ͓ᴜ̻ᵲͮᴥ̓ᴕ̞ᵜ᷈ ᶤ̦ᴚ͔ᵵ͛ᴹ̼ᶤͯ ᶵ̄ᶎͭᴤ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00014-00003100-00003300 ͟ᴌ̝ᴲ̈ᶶ̎ᶈ̝ᴩ᷉ᶧ̹ ᴋ̻ᶾͩᵿ͋ᴎ̽ᶧ̈ᵬ̺ᵔ͏ᶞ̜ᵔ̑ᵋ͗ ᵗ͢ᵆ͕ᵄ̄ᶊ̰ ᴐ̐ᴶͤᴦ̅ᶯ͊ ᴮ̓ᵘ̈ᶐ̚ᶇ͔ᶝ͝ᵜ̈́ᶼ᷇ ᴫ̢ᶠ̷ᶤ̱ᵬ͡ᴐ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00015-00003300-00003500 ͅ ᵘ̲ᴩ̇ᶌ͠ᴿ͂ᶮ̠ ᵖ̐ᴑͯᴛ͔ᵟ̹ᴦ̐ᵠ̻ ᶏ̙ᶳͨᴆ̠ᵸ̐ᴯ͋ᵞͬ ᴞͪ ᶻ̰ᶁ͈ᵾ́ᵔ̴ᵝ̘ ᴥ̕ᴠ̐ᶼ̍ᴵ͕ᶤ᷿ᴖ̦ᵢ̉ ᴼ᷊ᴇ̨ᵽ̉ ᴅ͢
WUNJnzMcIfu-00016-00003500-00003700 ᶭͬᴢ̓ᵩ̍ᴑ́ ᵉ͠ᵛ᷉ᵬ᷉ᶸ̽ᵴ̎ᴒ͓ᶦ̘ᶓ̚ᴤ̌ᴱͣᶴ͝ᴜͭᴯ͍ ᴊ̝ᵘͧᵎ͜ᶫ̤ᴪ͐ᵝ᷄ᴪ́ ᶵ́ᴻ̬ᵻ̸ ᴬ̸ᶨ̟ᵮ͂ᵶ͍ ᵧ᷁ᴜ̭ᶍ͞ᶪ̓ᵱ̫
WUNJnzMcIfu-00017-00003700-00003900 ᴙ͟ ᴤ̪ᴽ̞ᴶ̲ ᵆ̓ᵂ̈ᵆ͢ᵡ̅ᴿͦᴙ̼ᵧͤᴝ͂ᴴ᷂ᵛ̴ᴃ̧ ᴦ᷂ᵍ͢ᵮ͗ᵤ͢ᵇ̼ᵞ͗ ᴇͅᴠ̥ᶵ̟ᶡ̗ᵺ̷ᵏ̺ᶶͧᵐ᷁ᴫͫ ᴑ͝ᴦ̫ᶅ̿ᴇ̔ᴐ̸ᴧ̀
WUNJnzMcIfu-00018-00003900-00004100 ᵝ̟ᵙ̚ ᴸ͠ᶫ̜ᴚ᷉ᴧ̶ ᶸ͐ᴱ̈́ᶄ̴ᵙ͓ᶩͬᴢ͕ᵒͥᵆ̧ᶆ᷀ᴐ͔ᵢ̴ᴡ͙ᶎ᷂ ᴺ͢ᶂ̗ᶈͨᶵͣᶘ͙ᵞ̽ᵥ̌ᶞͮᵬ͏ᴻ͏ᵋ̎ᵝ̭ ᶅ̫ᶖ̥ᴧ᷾ ᵭ̡ᴦ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00019-00004100-00004300 ̐ᶇ͓ ᴏ͢ᵨͦᶍ͡ᶒ᷆ᶄ͈ᵟ᷇ ᵬ̲ᵽ͝ᵑ̗ᵒ᷀ᶧ̧ᵖ̲ᵻ͊ᶃ̻ᴻ̚ᴆ͒ᶉ̕ᴬ᷆ᵦ᷆ ᴃ͟ᶽ̘ᵤ͙ᶕ̣ᵅ̃ ᶁͨᶖ̶ᶏ̣ᴞ͡ ᴟ̧ᶽ͎ᶼ̶ᶵ̢ᵰ͓ᴶ̗ᵐ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00020-00004300-00004500 ̌ᴑ̣ᴒ͞ᴛ͖ ᵅ̪ᶇͣᶨ̓ᶽ̨ᵽ͆ ᶄ͑ᴣ᷊ᴝ͛ ᶎ̩ ᶞ̂ᴳ͔ᵵ̟ᴜ̡ᴊ̱ ᴍ᷅ᶤ͇ᶀ̃ᵯ͙ᴏ̱ ᶱͮ ᶩ̻ᴞͭᵠ͎ᵋ᷿ᴫ̵ ᴀ̟ᶩ̴ᵦ̑ᶼ͕ᵒ̈ᴮ̓
WUNJnzMcIfu-00021-00004500-00004700 ᵠ̒ ᵎ͂ᶧ͒ᵼ͈ᶢ̅ᶲ̈ᵳ̚ ᴱ͑ᶫ̩ᶌ̔ᶎ᷄ᶬͤᵡ̹ ᴯ̞ᶃ᷿ᶤ̝ᶴ̊ ᴙ̏ᵚ̣ᶩ͢ ᵵ̦ᵧ̔ᵃ̉ᶌ̠ᶏ᷊ ᵯ᷿ᵊ᷉ᶥ͗ᶟͦ ᵻ̢ᶏ̑ᶏ͙ᵟ̃ᴀ͠ᴋͅ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00022-00004700-00004900 ᶋ᷁ᴫ̢ᵗ̾ᵛ̞ ᶇ̀ᵜͅᶠ̩ᵱ̐ᴻͤ ᵫ̋ᶈͧᴧͧᴒͮᴠ̴ᶚͩᶔ̘ᴧ̭ᶺ̓ᴇ̋ᴻ͈ᵰ̓ᵏ᷁ ᵶ̘ ᶙ̛ᵪ̣ᴠ̃ᴹͧᴷ͟ᵃ͕ᶇ̬ᴾ̮ᵘͩ ᶑ᷄ ᵖ̤ᵺ̆ᴩ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00023-00004900-00005100 ͌ᴍͫᵐ͌ᶵ͢ᶢ̘ ᴘ͒ᴓͬᵉ̈́ᶾ̾ᴯ͑ ᴎͩᴜ̖ᴬͬᵥͬ ᶄ͌ᴈ̻ ᵫ͚ᴏ̹ᵩ᷀ᵞ͊ᵇͧᴀ̶ᵒ᷃ ᴫͬᶴ͙ᵧ̵ᵟ̫ᶟ̎ ᵲ̟ᵷ̇ᴤ̃ᴅ̹ᵎͣᴧ̾ᴰ̲ᶑ͐
WUNJnzMcIfu-00024-00005100-00005300 ᴹ̨ᶖ̵ᵲͮᴢ̒ ᴍ͇ᴂ͕ᵗͩᵯ̒ᶼͮ ᵸ̋ᴫ̮ᴩ̂ᶍ̇ᶾ̐ᶰ͓ ᴨ̂ ᶙ̢ᵴ͂ᵾ̬ᵝ̍ᶌ̑ᵙ̋ᵸ̬ᶛ͍ᶘ̴ᴛ͍ ᴻ᷀ᵉ̯ᵣ᷃ ᴭ̄ᴧ̡ᵦ̫ᴿ̕ᶈ͒ ᶪͤ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00025-00005300-00005500 ᴼ̥ᴋ̢ᵆ͢ᵶ̬ᵔ̄ᵱ̲ᵄ̡ᶝ̻ ᴼ̣ᵹ͠ᴥ͐ᶷ̫ᴕ̗ᶌ̛ᵻ͍ ᵼ̀ᶍ͋ᶐ̮ ᶉ̕ᵑ̿ᴭ̵ ᴐ̈́ᴮ̷ᵓ͇ᵲ̷ᶱ̲ᵦ̚ ᵝ̶ᴛ̆ᴂ̼ᴩ͍ᵠ͂ᵂ̰ᶐ̓ᵣͅ ᴣ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00026-00005500-00005700 ͕ ᶤ̧ᶏ̿ᵩ̛ᵒ̗ᵏ᷅ᵥ͕ᶚ͚ᶰ̓ᶚͮᵗͧᵣ̞ ᴩ̿ᵜ͚ᵟ͔ᵫ̠ᴟ̫ᶋͤᴴ͓ᶥͥᵎ̻ᴒ͈ ᶐ̾ᶏ͊ᵈ͇ᴳ᷄ᵎ̰ ᵬ͖ᶻ͔ᶅ̸ᴚ͡ᴵ̯ᴭ̐ᶟ͙ᶣ̋ ᵁ̲ᶩ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00027-00005700-00005900 ̸ᶲ͌ᵃ͜ᴭ͊ᴿ͜ᴲ̌ᴏ͟ᶥ͇ᴅ̿ ᴶ͉ᶍ̈ᴵ̉ᶔͭᴊ̍ᶍ̷ᶣ͚ᶓ̂ᴏ͠ᶸ̂ᶣ̇ᶅ̊ᶷ͒ᵸ͚ ᶞͪᶮ̝ᴮ͕ᵍ͏ᴿ̅ᶺ̀ᶋ͐ ᵡ᷁ᵥ̉ᶱ̫ᴟ̻ᴃ̒ᴧ̽ᵅ̨ᶰ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00028-00005900-00006100 ̫ᶵ̑ᴩ̇ ᴘ᷇ᴂͬᵾ͈ ᵟ̸ ᵨ͎ᶳ᷊ᵷ͇ᶸ̠ᶈ̄ᴀ͌ᴕͩᶝ̏ᶔ̅ᴓ̈ᶠ̵ᵷ͚ᴃ̄ᶲ̝ᵗ̹ᶋ̫ ᵩ᷂ᴦ́ᶪ̰ᶵ᷿ᵟͦ ᴼ͛ᴾ͕ᶜ̱ᵉ̆ ᵾ̓ᵟ᷅ᵾ̗ᶉ͊
WUNJnzMcIfu-00029-00006100-00006300 ᴵͅᶚ᷁ᴷ̗ᵸ̶ ᵽ̬ᵉ͘ᶀͯ ᴛ͓ᴑ̲ ᴾ̃ᴠ̼ᴿ͇ᴻ̑ᵰͯ ᶲ̜ᶭ᷆ᵩ̧ ᶌ᷿ᴳ᷄ᶈ̅ᶃ͘ᶶ᷿ᶐ̊ᵩ̔ᶍ̫ᶎ᷃ᴗͣ ᵳ̈́ᵕ͟ᶂ͙ᵍ̓ ᶽ̖ᵿ᷉ᶟͪᶩ̐
WUNJnzMcIfu-00030-00006300-00006500 ᶟ̫ᵽ̀ᴹ̍ᵤ̯ᶀ͙ᶢ͈ ᶶ̨ᶓ᷁ᵻ̱ᵆ͝ᶅ̒ᴚ͝ᶂ͏ᴙ᷅ᶧ͡ᴄ͋ᴠ̡ᴐ᷆ ᴷ̒ᴲ͒ᶋ͜ᶼ̐ᵄͣᵞ᷂ ᵷ͇ᴈ̥ᴰͧᴋ͔ᵛ̉ᴖ̵ᴃ̲ᶸ̗ᴬ̫ᴘ͑ᴤͨᶐ̎ ᵉ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00031-00006500-00006700 ̖ᵖ̼ᵥ͍ᵄ͡ᵼ͋ᶬ̅ ᵜ᷾ᵢ̋ᶗ̸ᴑ̞ᴌ͜ᴒ̪ᵸ͏ ᶶ̌ᵬ̣ᶠ̮ᶈ͉ᶨͅᴶ͎ ᵊ̠ ᴿ̡ᵡ᷆ᴄ̶ᵹ̊ ᴎ᷉ᴞ͞ᴃ̱ᶱ̤ᵟ͂ᴋ͈ᶟ̣ᶉ̬ᵊ̙ᴁ̶ᶽ̈́ᵙ̹ᵎ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00032-00006700-00006900 ̠ ᶉ̝ᵥ᷃ᵘ̆ ᶙ͋ᴇͮᶙ͛ᶤ͝ᶭ᷉ ᶾ̥ᶯ̈́ᴬ̗ᴏ̪ᶺ͐ᴡ̇ ᵂ͑ᴏ͜ᵝ᷃ᴒ᷀ᶅ̣ᴀ̩ᴏ᷁ᵭ̯ᴆ͗ᴆͦᴽ̂ ᶤ̔ᶂ͚ᵖ᷿ᴑ̯ᵁ᷆ᴮ̔ᴦ̶ᴈ̍ᵄ᷉ᵴͫᶻ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00033-00006900-00007100 ̊ ᵊ̺ ᴋ̌ᶱ͠ᶵ̆ᵶ͓ᴣͭᴭ̞ᵊͪ ᴠ᷈ᶆͨᵑ͡ᴞ̕ᴨ͞ᵜ͒ᵌ̅ᴘ̦ᴼ̀ᴥ̝ᵧ̚ ᴷ̼ᵋ̟ᶆ͝ᶤ᷁ᶺ̂ ᵝ̅ᶘ᷀ᴷ̘ᴏ̴ ᵡ̲ᶷ͟ᵝ̯ᴦ͢ᵁ̰ᴝ͙ᴾͨ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00034-00007100-00007300 ᵣͯᴵͫᶳ᷾ ᵋ͑ᴑ͛ᵐ͓ᴙ͏ᴇ͑ᶅ̜ᶈ᷿ᵒ̱ᶦ᷾ᴫ͏ ᶎͧᵝ̉ᵟͫᵤ̠ᴂ͗ ᴅ̦ᴶ͚ᵍ᷂ᵺ̛ᵩ͎ᴆ᷅ᴰ͒ᶌ̄ᵗ̄ᶮ̓ᶶ͈ᶫ̗ᵎ̃ᵜ͎ ᶹ̏ᶹ᷿ᴵ͟ᵂ̺
WUNJnzMcIfu-00035-00007300-00007500 ᶍ̞ᴷ̀ᴰͯᵝ̯ ᴕ̈́ ᵱ̬ᶧ̰ᵬ᷂ᶅ᷀ᵍ᷁ᴡͣᶟ̤ᴈ͑ᵛ̘ᶾ͎ᴃ̙ᵫ͜ ᴍ̴ᶓ͇ᶯ͎ᴍ̡ᴙ̣ᵬ͍ᵩ̇ ᴟ͞ᴥ͋ᴣ̧ᴉͩᴝ᷈ᴛ̘ᵕ᷄ᶶͯ ᶍ̐ᶹ̔ᴘ̦ ᵤ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00036-00007500-00007700 ͠ᴚ̶ᶽ̯ᴦ͚ᴚ̞ᴎ͂ᴡ̬ᶍ̍ ᵷ͌ᵷ̾ᶱ̝ᴆ͞ᶌ᷀ᵘͭᴒ͐ᶱͬ ᵍͤᶞ͇ᵈ̄ᶚͣᶤ͍ᴶ̖ᵆͣᵷ̧ ᵞ̓ᴿ̚ ᴱ᷀ᴢ͒ᶗͭᵱ͢ ᴳ̣ᵮ̝ᴙͦᶞ̟ᵈ᷂ᶜͩᴰ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00037-00007700-00007900 ᷾ᴵ͞ᵳ̈ᵽ᷊ᵰ᷂ᵻ̈́ᵍ̲ᵤ̗ ᵳ᷾ ᴋ̶ᴪ᷃ᶙ̴ᴕ̮ᶐ̿ᴼͮ ᴸ͇ᵁ͛ᴘ͘ᶃ͇ᵅ͎ᶿ̅ᵋ᷄ᶄ͕ ᴆ̪ᶚ͕ᶯͨᵿ̒ ᵃ̗ᵾ͞ᵄ̥ᴱ̼ᶰ̖ᶒ̯ᵨ̂ᵖ᷿ᴾ̚ᶈ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00038-00007900-00008100 ̭ᴲ̦ᶘ᷄ ᵐ᷅ ᴒ̀ᵄ᷁ᶭ̺ᵎ͐ᶹͬᴰ͍ ᵑ̠ᴠ̘ ᴍ͡ᶟ᷆ᵥͥᵽ͠ᴱ̵ᵪ᷾ ᶧ͔ᴵ̢ᶚ̿ ᶧ̋ᶑ͟ᴶ̅ᶼ͜ᴺ̚ᵧ͙ᶳ̛ᶁ̧ᴊ᷂ᵠ̃ᴿ͠ᶷ͞ᴱ̹ᴤ̥ᴏ᷈
WUNJnzMcIfu-00039-00008100-00008300 ᶣ̻ᶹͪ ᶃͦᵽ͚ᴾ᷾ᶄ͚ ᶈ᷃ᵿ̵ ᶯ̫ᶆ͈ᴷ̂ᵣ͞ᶡ̱ᶞ͋ᶎ̎ᶍ͚ᴔ̶ᴋ̔ᴝ̢ᶂ̪ ᴧ̯ᶎ̢ᴟ̊ᴽ̔ᴽ̫ᵄ᷉ᵟ̇ᵞ̹ᴧ͚ᵟ͑ᶦ̮ ᴋ̸ᶖ̝ᵰ̼ᵛ͛ᵘ̪
WUNJnzMcIfu-00040-00008300-00008500 ᶖ͑ᴒ͟ᶌ͘ᶁ̌ᶥͦ ᵣ̀ᶦ̼ᶁ̂ᵤͪᴐ͉ᶆ͕ᶊ̠ᶫ̼ᶈ̬ᴽ̲ᴕ̐ ᶌ͈ᵞ̖ ᵢͧᵒ͘ᶻ͎ᶮ̾ᶩ͉ᶅ᷄ ᵄ͌ ᵉ̂ᴶͯᴎ̻ᵊ̗ᵖ͝ᶹ̤ᶪ᷄ᶭ͡ᵇ᷀ᶭ̼ᴬ͞
WUNJnzMcIfu-00041-00008500-00008700 ᶣ͑ ᶤ͛ᶖ̝ᵡ̄ᵋ᷉ ᶕ̉ᶏ̥ᴶͭᵕ᷇ᶺ̞ᵪ͐ᶹ̅ᴩ͟ᵰ̑ ᵲ͂ ᴲ̹ᶟ̾ᴷ̢ᵖ͍ ᵹ̱ᶆ̑ᶇ̅ᴛ͡ᶧͅᶸ͌ᶭ̙ᴯ̡ ᵾ̫ᵆ̸ᶔ̴ ᶜ́ᵟ̏ᶪ̪ᵘ̵ ᵦ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00042-00008700-00008900 ̧ᵵ̈ ᴡ᷃ᶡ̏ᵗ͠ᴕ͈ᴋ̦ᵂ̜ ᴕ͗ᴖ͌ᶌ̮ᶅ͕ᴍ̭ᵥ̀ᶁ̤ᴝ̽ ᶸ͞ᴪ̳ᵠ̓ᶑ̭ᴌ͍ᴚ᷆ᴝ͕ ᴛ̇ᴱ́ᴳ̩ ᴀ̛ᶈ̐ᴸ̝ᶉ᷿ ᵲ͐ᶁͩ ᶑͅᴊ̽ᴔ̡ᴗ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00043-00008900-00009100 ͛ᶕ͗ᵦ͟ᴋ᷆ᴒ͟ᵊ̋ᴺ̝ᵜ᷇ ᶢ̷ᶫ͊ᵓ̫ᵷ̟ᴎ̏ ᴗ̗ᶋ̃ᴥ͔ᴂͧ ᴿͮᴻ̔ᶃͨᴇ̡ᶲ̟ᴦ̴ᶈ͉ᶍ᷀ᴃͫᴶ̈́ ᵴ̇ᵸ͉ᴙ̟ᶵ̓ ᶅͬᶃ̈́ᶟ̶ᶄ̹ᵪ̷ᴎ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00044-00009100-00009300 ͝ᴝ̱ᶕͦᴪ̖ ᶣ̩ᴽͣᵨͫᶻ̆ᵫ͝ᶾ̘ᶉ͛ᶢ̔ᵚ͋ ᶈ̘ᶜ̹ᶖ̬ᵠ̞ᵲ̣ᶣ̘ ᶂ͙ᶔ᷁ᵀ́ᴮ͞ᵍ̐ᵊ̆ᶟ͓ᵅ̛ ᵕ᷅ᶖ̵ ᵄ̮ᶲ͘ᴻͩᴏ̠ᴖ᷂ᶴ᷀ᵑ̠ᶵ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00045-00009300-00009500 ̫ᶤ̜ᶾ᷿ᵶ̸ ᵘ͗ᶧ͇ᴹ͑ᴁ̝ᴃ̜ᶱ̅ᵨ͔ᵲ᷀ᵓ̝ᵔͨᶘ͌ᴉ̓ ᶄ̶ᴋ᷆ᶔͥᴦ᷇ᶬ̇ᴲ͉ᵬ̣ᵤ̎ᵲ͍ ᶡ᷃ᶺ̦ᴱ͔ᵶ̟ᴬ̤ ᵪ̞ᴏ᷅ᶱ͉ᵸ̤ᴋ̗ ᵵ͆ᵗ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00046-00009500-00009700 ͂ᶌͥᵻ̡ᴒ̅ᶫ̓ᵻͭᵈ̜ᵝ̦ᴮ̗ ᴮ̘ᶊͤᶑ̆ᶐ̶ᴜͦᶰ᷊ᴤ͜ᶸͩ ᴊ̀ ᶊͪᴊ̓ᵘ̱ ᵛ̗ᵀ͋ᴁ̠ᴾ͊ᵺͬᵇ᷄ᶴ᷿ᶿ͘ᶲ̣ ᵈ͎ᵅ͘ᵖ̘ᶁ͢ ᴹ́ᶺͅ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00047-00009700-00009900 ᴭ᷾ᶷ̝ᴬ᷅ᴛ᷊ᴾ̽ᴦ̹ ᶡͪᶳ͎ᶭ̫ᴺ͇ᴢ͆ᴎ᷿ᴢ̆ᵭ̪ᶻ̮ ᶍ̖ᴇͨᶴ͊ᴤ᷉ᴐ̳ᶎͅᴽ̂ ᵆ̬ᵜ̾ ᵂ̶ᵴͩᶜͩᶆ᷅ᵼ̉ᴁ͞ᵒ̡ᵝ͋ᴦ᷾ᵇ͙ᴻ̓ ᶤ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00048-00009900-00010100 ͑ᴸ᷉ᶬ̱ᴶ͑ᶹ̒ ᶰ͙ᴵ͑ᶼͥ ᴙ̴ᴯ̲ᶧ̩ᶟ͢ᶓ͟ᶞ̀ ᴽ͞ᶱ᷊ ᴺ͈ᶞ͕ᴪ̮ᵆ̏ ᴢͤᶴ̞ᶝ̏ ᶪͧᴽ̵ᵼ᷄ᵐ͟ ᴳ᷃ᶓ̙ᶭ̍ᵢ̽ᶷ̵ᶽ̎ᴵ̂ ᴕ᷿
WUNJnzMcIfu-00049-00010100-00010300 ᵆ̹ᶞ̓ᴪ̯ᵶ᷂ᴕ͓ᵭ̡ᴮ͜ ᵴ᷃ᴁ᷉ᶲ̙ᴘ̺ᴵ̫ ᵩ͡ᴠ̏ᶟ̧ᵕ͖ᵽ᷃ᴯ̳ᵱ̗ ᵆ̄ᵄ̔ᴇ̼ ᶳ̎ᴕ̮ᶰ̅ᵐ͎ᵖ̃ᵤ᷅ᶖ̊ᵾ̛ ᵿ̛ᶙ᷂ᶘ͛ᴘ̹ᶧ᷾ᴛ̌
WUNJnzMcIfu-00050-00010300-00010500 ᵉ̓ᵌͤᴼͨᶟ᷾ᵘ̤ᶐ᷆ᴵ͖ ᴇ̞ᵠ᷁ᴛ᷁ᶌ̈ᴳͭᶀ͗ᶙ̛ ᶢ̂ ᶇ̵ᴴ̠ᵖ̼ᶀ͇ᴊ̡ᵶ̪ᴦͅᴊ̠ᶬ̣ᶫ͢ᴄ̵ᴔ̘ ᵩ͞ᶻ͒ᵋ̳ᵁ͟ᵡ̞ᶮ͌ ᵒ͆ᴝ͘ᵒ͢
WUNJnzMcIfu-00051-00010500-00010700 ᵦ̻ᴐ͐ᴁ̊ ᶯ̞ᶈ̠ ᵇ̪ᶤ̈́ᶙ᷅ᶢ̾ ᶿ̣ᴶ᷁ᴕ̮ᵨ͜ᶽ͐ ᴡ͊ ᴕ̝ᴆ̤ᴛ̎ᵄ̰ᵨ̱ᵻͫᴷ͡ᵍ̂ᶠ̘ ᵵ̭ᶏ̩ᶱ̛ᴭ̉ᵍ̈́ᴍ̎ᶌ̺ ᴋͫᶣ̇ᵕͮᴨ̾
WUNJnzMcIfu-00052-00010700-00010900 ᵿ̑ᵯͨᶵ͑ᶻ̨ ᴂ᷁ᶾ᷾ᵶ̪ᴞ̜ᶵ͋ᵰ̓ᵡͥᴤͣᵜ̫ᵾͣᵓ̫ᵑ͛ ᵏ̎ᶣ̅ᶂ͙ᶇ͏ ᵦ᷆ᶂ̻ᶵ̠ᴅ̦ᴄ͂ᶑͧᵚ᷅ᵄ͘ᵉ᷉ᶫ̧ᶩ͖ᵝ̬ᴘ̅ ᴟ̇ᵄ̄ᶏ̬ᶕ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00053-00010900-00011100 ͡ᴘ͚ᴌͭᶤ᷁ᶙ͔ᴲ̓ᴊ͍ ᴨ̱ᴘͭᶂ̍ ᴅ̈ ᴌ̏ᴥ᷃ᶲ̺ᴡ̮ᴕ̝ ᵏ̻ᶏ̤ᶇ̦ ᶄ̧ᵯ́ᶎ᷀ᶌ̞ᶫͨᴙͥᵐ͇ᴷ᷊ᶧ͔ ᶛ̂ᶭ̡ᶰ̔ᶿ̩ᵖ̫ᴴ̲ᵑ̬ᵗ̉
WUNJnzMcIfu-00054-00011100-00011300 ᴌ̶ᴊ̜ ᵋ͚ᶡ̟ᴒͅᶳ᷂ ᵪ͜ᶴ̑ᵄ̟ᵯ̘ᵻͬᵸ᷿ᶪ͞ ᶤ̝ᶬ̝ᵍ͢ ᶞ̓ᵙ͘ ᶫ͑ᶥ͢ᴋͩᶌͪᵬͫᴾ̠ᶐ̶ᵿͤᵇ᷁ ᵾ̐ᵌ̚ᴻ᷃ᴊ̸ᴊ͓ᶡ̄ᵡ᷅ᶯͥᶰ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00055-00011300-00011500 ̶ᶟ͏ ᵰ̚ᴓ̶ᴗ̰ᶮ᷄ᴗ᷾ᵆ͠ᴖ͑ᵫ͐ᴖ̾ᵘ̝ᶑ̷ᴆ̜ ᵧ᷂ᵩ̣ᴒ͞ᵏ̴ ᵶ᷂ᶠ̈ᶔ͂ᵌ᷄ ᴸ͢ᶚ̲ᵔ͇ᶽ̿ᵑ̑ ᶑ̮ᴡ̍ᵴ̲ᵢ̭ᶣ̋ᵹ̕ᵦ̍ᵠ̑ᴝ̝ᴆ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00056-00011500-00011700 ᷁ᶥͥ ᶆ͘ᵃ͕ᶍ̈ᴪ͝ᴜ̳ᶊ̽ᵊ̤ᶾ̢ᴊ̝ ᶃ̓ᵱ᷄ᴣ̤ᶀ̰ᵢ͟ ᶙ̗ᶖͭᵺ̆ᶠ̪ ᵲ̒ᶅ᷾ ᴂ̊ᴗ̉ᵭ̼ᶽ̨ ᵋ͠ᶏ̝ᶾ̄ᵦ̲ᴠ̠ᶲͯᶯ᷿ᴂ̹ᵅ̢ ᴣ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00057-00011700-00011900 ͐ᴤ̙ᶪ̓ᵛ͗ᶔ̩ᵮ͆ᶒ᷇ᴌ᷅ᴮ̐ ᵝ͢ᵏ͂ ᴄ̷ᵈ͊ᶼ̮ᴲ̿ᴒ̶ᴝ̔ᶊ̹ᵗ᷇ ᶦͩᶠ̴ᶓ̲ᴽ̠ᵝ̇ ᴲ͔ᴲ̲ᶌ͗ᵿ̋ᶹ̕ᵲ͇ᴠ̏ᶟ̒ᴄ́ᶔ᷾ᴣ̊ᶙ᷅ᵷ̃
WUNJnzMcIfu-00058-00011900-00012100 ᶒ̸ᵽ̂ᵈ͔ ᴕ̻ᴁͧᶝ͝ᶸ̉ ᵣ͂ᶨ̗ᴰ̾ᶥ̝ᵄ̮ᵅ᷇ᴲ̧ᵶ᷃ᴼ͆ᴳ᷅ᵷ̱ ᴑ̊ᶚͦᴪ͎ᴆ᷿ ᴗ᷿ᵾ̺ᶤ̠ᶴ͇ᶜͧᵌ̨ ᶍ̺ᴝ̨ᶋ̾ᵀ̙ᴸ̀ᴿ̔ᴞ̢ ᶁ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00059-00012100-00012300 ᷆ᶆ̍ᵻ͋ᴊ̓ᶍ̓ᶏ͜ ᴲͪᴙ̱ᶗ̄ ᶊ́ᵡ̈ᶑͩᶵ͜ᵔ᷈ᶌ̇ᶇͨᵐ͙ᴫͤ ᴐ̙ᵔ͒ᴗ̭ ᴟ̩ᶅ̊ᶸ̴ᴣ̼ᵤ̬ ᴺ̻ᵮ̇ᵮ̪ᴑ̝ᵺ͠ᵒ̅ᵪ᷃ᶯ͐ᶑ͟ᴼ̐
WUNJnzMcIfu-00060-00012300-00012500 ᶢͧᶔ̜ᵧ͐ᴡ᷈ᴤͥᵂͨᴼ̜ᵰ̧ ᴁ̻ᶞ̷ ᶨͮᴓ̥ᴵ̙ᴮ̕ᴥ̺ ᵳ᷊ᴇ͙ᶠ͆ᶤ̸ᶓ̙ᶅ͎ᵉͅᵀ͎ᵮ̸ᵇ̭ᶁ̊ ᵮͫᵣͣᶉ̶ᵿ̔ᴟ᷇ᵥ̝ᴍ̟ᶸ᷾ᶲ͏ᴰ̴ᶅ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00061-00012500-00012700 ̚ᵢ̆ᶘ̈́ ᶃ͋ᵚ᷆ᵁ͢ᵤ̜ ᵝ̝ᶏ͓ᵻ͢ᶰ̰ᵒ̽ᵻ̤ᴝ͔ᶦ͓ᵡ͛ ᴁ͏ ᴆ͟ᵜ͓ᴗ͟ᴿ̍ᵇ̴ ᶼ᷉ᴭ̈́ᴸ̝ᶅ᷅ᶾ̉ᶛ̒ᴢͭᵩ̂ᵃ͓ᵖ͌ᴾ̺ᶄ᷇ᶊ̞ᴼ͐ᴰ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00062-00012700-00012900 ͏ ᴼ̤ᴖ̂ᴈ̇ᶒ̈ᶴ̕ᴷ̊ᴿ͖ᵗ͢ᶯ̭ᶌ̗ᵚ᷆ ᶠ̖ ᵼ̝ᴎͭᵅͯᴟ͏ᶜ̙ᶵ͖ᵵ͈ᶬ̣ᶜͅᵉ̄ ᵌ̄ᴴ͌ ᶚ͖ᴓ͜ᵵͧᴝ̹ᴤͮᶳ̝ ᶯ̂ᴣ͈ᶻ̥ᶬ̐ᴳ͢
WUNJnzMcIfu-00063-00012900-00013100 ᵑ̹ᴝ̒ᵖ̌ᶄ̠ᵵ̓ᶥ͆ ᵡ̯ᵬ᷃ᴡ͎ᴨͪᵆ̂ᵟ̫ᵲ᷇ᵕ̰ᴲ͑ ᵊͪᵕ̋ᶉͮᶁ̼ᵨ̥ ᴩ̵ᶇ̈́ᴺͦᵳ̱ᶧ̭ᵠ͠ ᶡ͡ ᴷ͇ᵚ̺ᴽ̪ᵙͥᴈ̤ᵔ͋ ᵤ᷁ᴯ͗ᶶ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00064-00013100-00013300 ͤᶍ᷂ᶒ̬ᶼ͋ᵪ̄ᴍ̿ᶑ̇ᵪ̻ᵰ͇ᵨ̕ᶏ͌ ᶄ͋ᴲ̺ᵱ̙ᶮ̙ ᶌ̟ᶪͣᴢ̙ᶛ̹ᴖͨᴽ̶ᶊͣᴛ͞ᴌ͂ ᵯ͍ᵑ̒ ᵠ̘ᶣ̪ᵳ̪ᶨ̑ᵵ᷄ᴪ̛ᵅ͟ᴜͪ ᵌ̞ᶦ̐ᴊ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00065-00013300-00013500 ̌ᴫ̚ᶂ̗ᶼ͔ᶭ̇ᴷ̓ᵔ̯ ᵂ̸ᵰͭᵹ̈ᵊ̈ᵳͬᶰ̮ ᴂ̤ᵠ̣ᶊ͕ᵡ́ᵲ͑ᴥ͜ᴠ̼ᶬ̞ ᴴ̖ᴬͤᶣ͋ᶳ͗ᴈ̜ᵃͯᴠ̭ᶜ̍ᴢ̎ᵿ͙ ᵆͨ ᶭͮᶴ̊ᵱ᷊ᴂ͛ᶹ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00066-00013500-00013700 ̧ᶕ̛ᴏ͊ ᴜ̅ᶙ͈ᵨ̗ᶃ͜ᶛ᷉ᴵ̝ᶜ̰ᶧ̯ᴨ͓ ᶩ͖ᵣ͎ ᶙ̆ᶰ͊ᶜ̧ᶔ̅ᶝ͜ᵀ̑ᵤ͉ᴩ͍ ᵇ̞ᶀ̾ᴶ᷆ᴥ̸ᴶ̱ᴵ͠ᶿ͐ ᴝ͕ᶢ̉ᴠ̓ ᵉ̻ ᴗ̌ᵎ᷁ᶄ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00067-00013700-00013900 ̘ᴞ̿ᴋ͟ᶯ͎ᵠ᷅ ᶴ͆ᶀ̳ᶾͬᶃ̙ᶞ̤ᶱ̙ ᵦ͞ᵞ͟ᵅ᷆ ᶞ̖ᵏ᷾ᶨ᷊ᴸͮᴲ̂ᵒ̊ᶟ᷅ᴉ͢ ᵂ͆ᶰ̡ᵦ̵ ᴦ̬ᵬ͋ᵤ͐ᶲ̻ᴅ̈́ᶞ᷈ ᵅ͝ᴢ̙ᴾ̒ᵏ̟ᴐ̧
WUNJnzMcIfu-00068-00013900-00014100 ᶇ̈́ᶝ̏ᴠ͝ ᴼ͢ᴞ̢ᶡ̨ᵠ̩ᶻ͇ᵁ̾ᴴ̣ᵺ̟ᶜ̬ᶢ᷇ᵟ͚ ᶕ͏ᴞ᷁ ᴔ᷀ᴸ̓ᶨ̸ᵨ᷿ᵉ᷈ᵊͥᵑ͌ᴺ̈ ᶏ͕ᴓ̵ᶧ̨ᴲ͝ᶔ̰ ᶙ͠ᴃ᷃ᵧ᷿ᴇ̶ ᴑ̻ᵉͤᶑ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00069-00014100-00014300 ͔ ᵜ͓ᵈ̷ᶽ̓ᵇͧ ᶮ̀ ᶰ̽ᵤ̈́ᵷ̞ᵻͭᶣ̙ᴟ̼ ᵮ᷁ᶒ̝ᶙ͔ᵨ͊ᵇͮᶌͫᶎ͎ᵈ̃ ᶧ̊ᵏ̟ᶋͯᴪ̍ᶂ̴ᵚ͂ᴛ͠ ᶩͨᶠ͙ᵢ̹ ᴟͪᶣ̖ᵚ̅ᵡ͂ ᶕ̽
WUNJnzMcIfu-00070-00014300-00014500 ᶴ͛ᵁ͛ ᵮ̸ᶷ̅ᵭ̮ᵜ̶ᶈ̗ᶵ̪ᵏ̟ᵈ̌ ᴞ̝ ᶂ͗ᴮ̌ᶑͮᵺ͝ᴏ̋ᵗ᷀ᴵ̪ᵑ͝ᵔ͑ᶂ̜ᶢͤᴤͥ ᴆ̝ᶓ̤ᴏ̛ᵡͨᶒ̇ᵝ͆ᵰ͜ᶛ́ ᴣ͐ᴿ̫ᶘ̮ᶮͥᴨͥ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00071-00014500-00014700 ᴰ̇ ᴨͬᴔ͢ᴊ͙ᶑͭᵯ̊ᶃ᷇ᴂ͞ᵭ᷄ᴍ᷅ᵟ͢ᵣ͉ᴌ͈ ᴕ᷇ᵲ͆ᵣ͎ᴃ͛ᴡͨᵽ᷿ᵳ͚ᵔ᷄ ᴃͭᴸ̙ᵲ͏ ᴎ͑ᴦ̍ᶼ̭ᶯͦᶣ᷉ᵲ̝ᶈ͛ ᴁ͛ᶑͮᴢ̩ᴔ͈ᴞ̶
WUNJnzMcIfu-00072-00014700-00014900 ᵁ̄ᵹ̃ ᴱ͌ᴼ̘ ᶓ̽ᴱ̥ᵧ̮ᶁ̴ᶺ͟ᴋ᷉ ᴯ̙ᶃ͚ᵺ͏ᵧ̐ᶤ̑ᶠ̂ᵎ͙ᶐ͇ ᶬ͊ᶕ̀ᴝ͚ᶮ᷆ᶊͪᵦ᷂ ᶟ̻ ᶰ᷾ᴔ̽ᴴ̺ᵪ̩ᶼ̫ᵣ͟ᴐ̔ᴉ̛ᶮ̺ ᶑͨ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00073-00014900-00015100 ᶂ͏ᶴ᷊ᵛ̌ ᵷ̪ᵁͩᶭ̔ᵏ͎ᴧ̬ᶙ̡ᵂ᷄ᶴ͇ᶬ͞ᶰ͝ᶺ̃ᵊͅᴭ̏ ᴟ͘ᶼ̾ᵌ̩ᶐ͂ᵌ̰ᶨ̏ᵥͨᶳ̇ᴶ᷆ ᶶ͓ᵿ͍ᵬ͡ᶱ̲ᴒ̐ᴨ̴ᴓ͝ ᵪ͞ ᶧ̫ᶆ̓ᴻ̱
WUNJnzMcIfu-00074-00015100-00015300 ᵪ᷄ᴖ̪ᴙ᷂ ᴵ̟ᴶͨᴶ̏ᶳͨᵧ̠ᵊ͒ᴅ͒ᵎ̤ᶓ̣ᵽ᷅ᶇ͋ ᶴ́ ᴆ̂ᵿ͘ᵵ̛ᶬ̅ᴃ̜ᶂ̪ᴠ̐ᴀ͑ᴈ̿ ᴌ̌ᵉ͂ᵐ̓ᵺ̩ᶸͪᴑ͚ ᶚ̪ᵐ̡ ᶫͩᵜ͛ᴓ̭ᶜ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00075-00015300-00015500 ͏ᶧ̅ᵇ͞ᶷ᷈ᴇ᷇ᶨ͋ ᵕ̳ᵕ̘ᴮ͑ ᶿ͌ᶘ͋ᴏ᷀ᵍ͐ᴐ̂ ᶎ̾ᴻ̴ᴩ̺ᴀ᷀ᵾ͑ᵺ͕ ᴌ᷈ᶍ͜ᴇ̻ᵷ͑ᵤ͎ᵝ̘ᵚ̊ᴶ́ᵘ̩ ᶮ̇ᴉ̏ᴘ̰ᶟ͔ᴒ̋ ᴴ̡ᵻ̞
WUNJnzMcIfu-00076-00015500-00015700 ᵽ̎ᵗͤ ᵎ᷀ᴗ̫ᵘ͊ᵖ᷉ᵐ̖ᴝ̣ᴭ̯ ᵑ͒ᴷ̉ᵤ̩ᵦ͏ᴩ͘ᵱ̢ᶕͯᴶ̞ᵿ̛ ᵯ̤ ᶖ̹ᶥ͢ᶯ̚ᶯ̧ᴼ̈ᶏ̜ᶵ̈ᵺ̤ ᶔ̂ᶧ͖ᶖ̹ᵝ̭ᵤ͈ ᵧ̓ᵽ̈́ᶪ̘
WUNJnzMcIfu-00077-00015700-00015900 ᵡ̎ᶠ̫ᴃ̧ᴫ᷇ᶾ̾ᵡͯᵙ̩ᴴ̦ᴨ̀ ᶚ͐ᴴ̟ᵞ͙ᴪͥᶭͯᴗ̇ᴳ͒ᵷ̑ᶒ̖ᴍ̏ᶞ̡ᴢ̂ᵰͦ ᵐ͏ᵳ̲ᵨ̻ᶺ̥ᵖ͘ᶬͧ ᵞ͍ᵨ͈ᵕ̓ᶀ᷊ᵎ̤ᶓ͎ᶠ̏ᵔ᷈ᵃ͈
WUNJnzMcIfu-00078-00015900-00016100 ᶛ͌ᴳ͆ ᴑ͡ᴻ̸ᴄ᷂ᵻͬᶏ̴ᵠ̗ᵏ̔ᴀͤᵌ̕ ᶚ̧ᶀ̀ᵱ͗ᵒ͡ᵻ̯ᵞ͆ ᴑ͠ᶚ̪ᵝ͢ᴩ͞ᵶͣᴏ͊ᵕ̞ᴇ̦ᵛ̟ᴧ̟ᴨ̩ᶹ͛ ᶹ̇ᶵ̜ᵅ͇ᴾ͆ᵅ̜ᴱ͎ᶞͣᶨ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00079-00016100-00016300 ̍ ᶀ͞ᴣ͈ᴬ͋ᴺ̴ᶶ͌ᶚ̕ᵥ͖ᶆ̚ᶢͩᶑ̠ᵋ͚ ᶘ͔ᶲ͑ᶆ̣ ᶡ̈́ᵹ̎ ᶽ͖ᶖ͢ᴮ̼ᶜ᷄ᵤ̺ᶌ͘ᶺ͉ᴧ̨ ᴕ͖ᴣ̖ᴹ̥ᴓ̑ᵊ̤ᴌ͈ᵶ͗ᶮͪᴵ̪ᴆ̒ ᶂ̾
WUNJnzMcIfu-00080-00016300-00016500 ᵛ̶ᶐ᷀ᴣ̕ᶍ͠ᶢ̈́ᵘ̓ ᵑ̬ᶄ᷿ᴕ̴ᵾͭᶔ̖ᶽ᷂ ᶩͩᴠ̠ᶴ͞ᵀ͕ᴉ̩ᵅ̙ᵱ̾ᵥͩᶛ̲ᴍͅᴈ͆ ᴢ͢ᴞ͔ᵏ̐ᴙ͛ᴗ̱ᵨ̄ᵐ̃ᴴ̟ᴻ̶ᵳͣᵯ̱ᴪ̭ ᵨ̃
WUNJnzMcIfu-00081-00016500-00016700 ᴏ͘ᴕ̷ᶬ̧ᴧ̠ᶂ͜ ᴍ͠ᴩ͔ᴟ͘ᴆͣᵭ̈́ᶤͥᶪ̗ ᶓ̓ᵛ͐ᴏ̭ᶻ̔ᴞ̜ᶵ̋ᴖ͔ᵲͧᴲ͗ᵛ̆ᵷ͔ᵀ̙ᶋ̉ ᶉͫᵽͣᵂ᷉ᶳ͝ᶎ͊ᵅ᷆ᶶ̈́ ᵲ̚ ᶋ̹ᶊ͝ᴥ͓
WUNJnzMcIfu-00082-00016700-00016900 ᵊ̶ᴇ͝ᵟ̝ᶙͥᵶ̙ᴜ̛ ᴐ᷂ᴸ̐ᴿ̾ᶥ᷊ᵻ̜ᵨ̥ ᵯ̀ᵽ͢ᶗ͒ᴲͪ ᶟ̍ᴇ̄ᶍ͈ᵵ̛ ᶎ̧ ᵙ͒ᴚ᷀ᶛ͉ᴿ̇ᴃ̞ᵎ̕ᶢͨᶉ̚ᴥ̒ᴞ̪ᴒ᷅ᵰ̶ ᴎ͇ᶽ͐ᴢ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00083-00016900-00017100 ̶ᴞ̎ᶉ͞ᵢ͈ᵵ͉ᵟ̫ ᶄ͇ᶑ̋ᵬͫᵦ̷ᵰ͗ᶂ͕ ᶶͫ ᴌ̮ᶠ̿ᴡ̱ᵄ̃ᴑ̣ᴳ̿ ᵧ̓ᴟ̸ᴜͬᴾ̯ᶆ̞ᶢ̍ᴄ̣ᶬ̻ᶴͣᶀ̔ᶤ͘ᵃ͈ᵬ̭ᴡ̦ᴐͧᵖ̙ᶄ̄ᵓ͋
WUNJnzMcIfu-00084-00017100-00017300 ᵸͅᵅ̑ᴯͩᶦ̿ ᴨͨ ᴅͅᴕ͔ᴱ͗ᵸ̆ᶣ̢ᶽ̎ᴉͭᴹ̶ᵲ̕ ᵒ̑ᵃ͒ᴍ᷀ᵟ᷊ᶁ̐ᵮͨᴞͩᶘ͊ ᶹ̠ᵸ̩ ᴃ͕ᶂ̋ ᴟ̐ᵕ̓ᴻ̚ᵱ᷅ᵉ͡ᴹ̈́ ᵭ͏ᵶ͠ᴤ̫
WUNJnzMcIfu-00085-00017300-00017500 ᵧ̴ᴠ͡ᶧ̗ᵮ́ᵭ̮ᴓ̌ᶪ̧ᴛ̫ᴨͭ ᴊ̞ ᶕ̻ᴏ͏ᶈͨᶛ̯ᶀ̵ᴸ᷈ ᴚ̢ᵏ͖ᴼ͝ᵧͧᶘ͆ᵼ̚ᶬ̈́ᴣ̓ᶞ᷅ᴙ̘ ᶗ᷇ᵚ̙ᶰͯᵤͬ ᵻ̌ᶩ̬ᶦ͋ᶻ͆ ᶉ᷂
WUNJnzMcIfu-00086-00017500-00017700 ᵑ͘ᵚ́ᵽ᷄ᵩͭᵊ̟ᶓ͊ᶝ̴ᴞ̄ᴻ͏ᶅ̲ ᵫ̼ᵑ̬ᵿ᷂ᵖ᷃ᵎ᷇ᵇ̠ᶱ̄ᵋ̡ᶲ͠ᴆ̊ᶾ͢ᴎ̝ᶂ̩ᵜ̣ ᶺ̛ ᴏ͕ᴊ̠ᵋ̵ᵸ̫ᴊ͚ᶒͨᶿ͛ᶖ̩ᶀ̞ᵙ͓ ᶿͧᵗ
WUNJnzMcIfu-00087-00017700-00017900 ̂ᴞ̶ᴰ̧ ᴲ̀ᴸ̝ᴓ͠ ᵤ̢ᴒ̐ᴍͩᶿ͍ᶒ̽ᴮ͙ ᵼ͂ᵛ̪ᶕ͆ᴴ̖ᶶ̺ᶬ͇ ᴊ͌ᵭ᷆ᶖ̹ᵽ̩ᵼ̂ᶐ̷ᵜ̬ᴟ͕ᵐ̱ᴯ̛ᴏ̷ᶞ͒ᵶ́ ᵽ͠ᵮ̴ᶆ̋ᶝ͞ᶛ́
WUP_crgvQUk-00000-00000048-00000176 oh hell no
WUP_crgvQUk-00001-00000584-00000664 oh my god
WUP_crgvQUk-00002-00001560-00002240 hey guys welcome and welcome back to my channel my name is HawaBunga in today's video we are
WUP_crgvQUk-00003-00002240-00002904 at universal studios Orlando resorts we came to Orlando to go to Disney as you may or may not know
WUP_crgvQUk-00004-00002960-00004384 but we are here so come along the journey with us today spend the day with us
WUP_crgvQUk-00005-00005080-00005712 let me see your smile christian come on he got the last down be more happier
WUP_crgvQUk-00006-00006904-00007184 yeah sure
WUP_crgvQUk-00007-00008031-00008776 wait wait what oh guys let's get it that's why it's alright are you excited
WUP_crgvQUk-00008-00008776-00009664 yeah wow that was so dry let's see which rides are we can ride all righty let's see
WUP_crgvQUk-00009-00009824-00010376 aubry's been lazy with my momma all right get down baby let's see what you can ride
WUP_crgvQUk-00010-00010376-00010936 christian you can write everything all right you call it down half of us here spiderman
WUP_crgvQUk-00011-00011184-00011528 she could do this one yeah yeah so she just can't do this
WUP_crgvQUk-00012-00012264-00012863 yeah they just they getting a turkey leg i think we're going to go get on the incredible hulk
WUP_crgvQUk-00013-00013047-00014184 um i hope you guys could hear me that looked like some stuff aubrey could get on down there
WUP_crgvQUk-00014-00014312-00014776 the entrance i think it's over there over there yeah
WUP_crgvQUk-00015-00015368-00015584 i'm scared
WUP_crgvQUk-00016-00015800-00015984 we did not even get an incredible home
WUP_crgvQUk-00017-00016280-00016792 because the line was so long and especially them saying that so now we're watching our
WUP_crgvQUk-00018-00016792-00018384 weekend online rides that doctor's suit is this dr seuss yeah so she's on this rock
WUP_crgvQUk-00019-00019528-00019784 maybe this time
WUP_crgvQUk-00020-00022360-00022968 at this point got me [ __ ] up if they not gonna let me bring my phone and everything because
WUP_crgvQUk-00021-00023136-00023984 the line is too long to not have no type of phone no nothing
WUP_crgvQUk-00022-00026648-00027320 all of the lines are hour long for the good rides and we have to download the app to get in the
WUP_crgvQUk-00023-00027320-00028104 virtual line so that we don't have to wait in the line i guess so that's what we're gonna do we're
WUP_crgvQUk-00024-00028839-00029583 why everybody walking like zombies right here i confuse you everybody's like
WUP_crgvQUk-00025-00030895-00031304 in line we just don't have to wait an hour my friend she came here like two weeks ago
WUP_crgvQUk-00026-00031304-00031704 she said she got no virtual lines and she said when she came that she still had to wait an hour
WUP_crgvQUk-00027-00031768-00032383 when she came back for her time
WUP_crgvQUk-00028-00035968-00036584 trump got re-elected boogie boogie boogie boogy
WUP_crgvQUk-00029-00037544-00038448 oh [ __ ]
WUP_crgvQUk-00030-00038448-00039384 oh
WUP_crgvQUk-00031-00040008-00040784 oh
WUP_crgvQUk-00032-00045584-00046416 oh
WUP_crgvQUk-00033-00046416-00047784 again
WUP_crgvQUk-00034-00048856-00048992 harry potter was so fun guys
WUP_crgvQUk-00035-00050144-00050584 mm-hmm
WUP_crgvQUk-00036-00051824-00051984 take it off
WUP_crgvQUk-00037-00053072-00053384 ready
WUP_crgvQUk-00038-00053591-00056184 wow oh god for jesus
WUP_crgvQUk-00039-00058816-00059008 oh can we go to jurassic park world
WUP_crgvQUk-00040-00059448-00059576 we close to get up here
WUP_crgvQUk-00041-00060000-00060504 yeah i'm gonna be here so whatever and [ __ ] like that
WUP_crgvQUk-00042-00061040-00061128 you got brain freeze
WUP_crgvQUk-00043-00061360-00061464 i want a turkey leg
WUP_crgvQUk-00044-00061679-00061784 oh jurassic park
WUP_crgvQUk-00045-00064288-00065016 no this is an actual ride it's like it's not a roller coaster it's like you go through you'll see
WUP_crgvQUk-00046-00065072-00065504 you haven't been on six flags and they got the little splash at the end yeah
WUP_crgvQUk-00047-00065504-00065856 it's kind of like that but you go through like a pass
WUP_crgvQUk-00048-00065856-00066128 from what i can remember y'all i got on this ride when i was 10.
WUP_crgvQUk-00049-00066344-00067384 so that's the memory i'm going on say hi little [ __ ] chicken
WUP_crgvQUk-00050-00068584-00068704 oh you gotta take your head
WUP_crgvQUk-00051-00072232-00072984 why are you saying um
WUP_crgvQUk-00052-00074272-00075784 this oh
WUP_crgvQUk-00053-00076960-00077184 move me
WUP_crgvQUk-00054-00077328-00078584 okay
WUP_crgvQUk-00055-00079688-00079984 what about that one you can't even see it
WUP_crgvQUk-00056-00080856-00081384 is
WUP_crgvQUk-00057-00081792-00082336 oh [ __ ] this is what a crazy dinosaur is that oh my god over here
WUP_crgvQUk-00058-00082648-00082840 oh [ __ ] we're going to dangerous
WUP_crgvQUk-00059-00082984-00083480 it's like danger keeping the raptor containment area please stay seated
WUP_crgvQUk-00060-00083920-00084184 we went the wrong way
WUP_crgvQUk-00061-00085280-00085600 containment area we've gotta get those people out of there
WUP_crgvQUk-00062-00085600-00086056 you copy 25. grab the boat before they get too
WUP_crgvQUk-00063-00086056-00086984 far
WUP_crgvQUk-00064-00087040-00088384 oh
WUP_crgvQUk-00065-00090824-00091184 anyone can hear me
WUP_crgvQUk-00066-00093776-00095384 oh crap oh crap okay okay now we got no we gotta go down no we gotta go oh my god
WUP_crgvQUk-00067-00096272-00096784 what is this
WUP_crgvQUk-00068-00098536-00098896 but we don't know because it's dark as hell and
WUP_crgvQUk-00069-00098896-00099584 they don't be letting people record and last time i'm gonna drop my phone
WUP_crgvQUk-00070-00100736-00100984 if this is
WUP_crgvQUk-00071-00101496-00102384 young children
WUP_crgvQUk-00072-00103208-00103496 things can get pretty bumpy out here so stay seated okay
WUP_crgvQUk-00073-00103576-00103944 stow all your gear and keep your arms and hands inside the truck at all times
WUP_crgvQUk-00074-00103944-00104592 hi guys team one this is base will are you on route with the replacement supply for team two
WUP_crgvQUk-00075-00104592-00105224 you betcha milly hopefully it's team two uh now might be a good time to put on your goggles
WUP_crgvQUk-00076-00106104-00106583 me and my big mouth
WUP_crgvQUk-00077-00107064-00107983 hold on
WUP_crgvQUk-00078-00109888-00110783 holy cow
WUP_crgvQUk-00079-00111824-00112183 come in come here
WUP_crgvQUk-00080-00112288-00113583 oh god
WUP_crgvQUk-00081-00115664-00116383 oh
WUP_crgvQUk-00082-00116792-00117808 coming up
WUP_crgvQUk-00083-00117808-00119183 oh
WUP_crgvQUk-00084-00120544-00120832 this is team one kong is real
WUP_crgvQUk-00085-00121640-00121983 this cannot be good
WUP_crgvQUk-00086-00122344-00122735 here the little goggles were wet and we thought it was going to be like a wet rock
WUP_crgvQUk-00087-00122792-00123520 but i think it was just a sanitizer yeah we are tired my feet hurt see that's the
WUP_crgvQUk-00088-00123520-00124783 other wet rod over there the one that splash i want a cinnabon oh what's up
WUP_crgvQUk-00089-00124904-00125496 that i was talking about this is my show now it's blessed do you have anything to say no i don't
WUP_crgvQUk-00090-00126216-00127208 cool wow would you go on that ride put in the comments christian cam christian camp
WUP_crgvQUk-00091-00127408-00128328 so i don't think we're about to get on it but i don't know oh you will not be able to breathe
WUP_crgvQUk-00092-00129344-00129776 i forgot to take you out on that last ride with me we got soaked but i'm already drying
WUP_crgvQUk-00093-00129776-00130472 up like you can't even tell you could tell christian took us wet it was so much fun
WUP_crgvQUk-00094-00130472-00131392 but i want a cinnabon that's good i'm gonna go out all right you want to go in order box i
WUP_crgvQUk-00095-00131392-00132032 don't care let's just get a box and say all right let's do that my mama's my mama tired look at her
WUP_crgvQUk-00096-00132584-00133320 she said she had no nap today we were supposed to go to universal studios
WUP_crgvQUk-00097-00133320-00133720 and others of adventure because basically one is on one side and the other one's on
WUP_crgvQUk-00098-00133720-00134464 the other side but we came but we got here really we got here like two o'clock so we
WUP_crgvQUk-00099-00134576-00135032 didn't never make it to the other part to the universal studio i know we paid for two and we
WUP_crgvQUk-00100-00135032-00135512 paid for it but it's okay though because we've been there before we've been there before and i
WUP_crgvQUk-00101-00135512-00135984 think we got on everything in there except for the new stuff that came in within the last two years
WUP_crgvQUk-00102-00136048-00136560 but yeah we didn't ever make it to the park kind of bummed about that but it is
WUP_crgvQUk-00103-00136560-00137384 pretty can't cry about it just gotta keep pushing oh let's see let's see the boat
WUP_crgvQUk-00104-00138616-00138944 what do you got to say to the people at home uh they're safe
WUP_crgvQUk-00105-00138944-00139264 even though we're at disney world so i really can't be talking
WUP_crgvQUk-00106-00139504-00140184 for ultimate success there you go good one good one good one good one
WUP_crgvQUk-00107-00140544-00140912 if you don't have like a line pass or it's not your birthday or you're not
WUP_crgvQUk-00108-00140912-00141168 elderly in a wheelchair you can just skip the line
WUP_crgvQUk-00109-00141224-00141952 i would recommend coming here okay my feet are hurting really bad yeah oh every time
WUP_crgvQUk-00110-00141952-00142448 i come down here i said i want to come down here nice sunset i like a dope voice
WUP_crgvQUk-00111-00142672-00143048 oh my god y'all my lips so dehydrated honey
WUP_crgvQUk-00112-00143560-00144312 we are i'm so close we are about to eat and make some drinks and hang out by the pool
WUP_crgvQUk-00113-00144312-00145000 i like the middle with my head on so i will catch y'all for my next adventure
WUP_crgvQUk-00114-00145000-00145536 or i'll see y'all in my next video bye
WXx6HQDBz88-00000-00000897-00001390 Many of us like to use citation generators like EasyBib or citation managers like Endnote
WXx6HQDBz88-00001-00001390-00001511 and Zotero.
WXx6HQDBz88-00002-00001511-00001797 They make creating a list of sources so easy!
WXx6HQDBz88-00003-00001797-00002267 But they do make mistakes, so you always need to double check that the citation is accurate.
WXx6HQDBz88-00004-00002267-00002731 One common issue with automatically generated APA citations is that they do not always have
WXx6HQDBz88-00005-00002731-00003032 the article title in sentence case.
WXx6HQDBz88-00006-00003032-00003359 Sentence case is where you capitalize the first word of the title, the first word of
WXx6HQDBz88-00007-00003359-00003631 the subtitle, proper nouns, and acronyms.
WXx6HQDBz88-00008-00003631-00004115 Here is an example of a citation automatically generated by a library database:
WXx6HQDBz88-00009-00004115-00004458 Notice that the entire article title is in all caps.
WXx6HQDBz88-00010-00004458-00005003 In order to have a correct citation, I need to change the capitalization to this:
WXx6HQDBz88-00011-00005003-00005669 I can either retype the entire title, or I can cheat and use Microsoft word.
WXx6HQDBz88-00012-00005669-00006158 To change the title to sentence case I need to copy the title (using control-C on a PC
WXx6HQDBz88-00013-00006158-00007084 or command-C on a Mac) and paste it into Microsoft Word (using Control-V or command-V).
WXx6HQDBz88-00014-00007084-00007522 Then I can select all of the text and click this icon:
WXx6HQDBz88-00015-00007522-00007948 It will look the same on a PC or Mac.
WXx6HQDBz88-00016-00007948-00008213 Choose “Sentence Case.”
WXx6HQDBz88-00017-00008213-00008486 See that my title is closer to what I need.
WXx6HQDBz88-00018-00008486-00009694 All I need to do is capitalize the W in the subtitle, NCAA, and Sherman Act.
WXx6HQDBz88-00019-00009694-00010120 The journal title in my citation is already correctly formatted already in title case
WXx6HQDBz88-00020-00010120-00010561 capitalization, so I do not need to make any changes there.
WXx6HQDBz88-00021-00010561-00011111 To change the article capitalization in Endnote, I simply need to click the title to view the
WXx6HQDBz88-00022-00011111-00011445 entire record.
WXx6HQDBz88-00023-00011445-00011835 Then I can click the title again to make changes.
WXx6HQDBz88-00024-00011835-00012476 To change the capitalization in Zotero, I can click the title I'm interested in, and
WXx6HQDBz88-00025-00012476-00013769 then click the title again on the right to make changes.
WXHjJzYUM8A-00000-00004110-00005010 Ulreopsan Sinseonbong Peak Gapyeong Gyeonggi-do Bukhan River Cheongpyeong Lake Fantastic View Mt.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00000-00000340-00000666 Hello, I'm Mahalia and here are today's headlines from Pinksixty.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00001-00000666-00001051 Following violent attacks on activists last week in St Petersburg, Russia,
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00002-00001051-00001407 the new Moscow mayor banned gay pride for the 7th year running.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00003-00001407-00001786 An unsanctioned protest will take place on Sunday despite the ban.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00004-00001786-00002225 Malawian President, Joyce Banda announced the decriminalisation of gay sex
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00005-00002225-00002503 in her first State of the Nation address on Friday.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00006-00002503-00002882 A gay couple were sentenced to 14 years jail in 2010 for having
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00007-00002882-00003239 an engagement ceremony, sparking fierce international criticism.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00008-00003239-00003607 America's NAACP, has supported President Obama's position
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00009-00003607-00003804 by supporting marriage equality.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00010-00003804-00004078 Their statement could help build bridges between the gay community
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00011-00004078-00004332 and ethnic minorities in the US.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00012-00004332-00004586 Out4Marriage have raised the issue of transgender people
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00013-00004586-00004851 who transition after living in a legal marriage.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00014-00004851-00005123 UK law requires that the marriage is changed to a Civil Union,
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00015-00005123-00005470 due to the current system which describes only 2 genders.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00016-00005470-00005821 And finally, Ben Cohen's anti-bullying charity The Stand Up Foundation
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00017-00005821-00006071 has received a royal endorsement from Prince Harry.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00018-00006071-00006408 Ben posted this photo on his Facebook page after playing against the Prince
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00019-00006408-00006586 in a charity football match.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00020-00006586-00006686 That's all from us today.
WYPEmcgZvQ0-00021-00006686-00006723 Join us again tomorrow.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00000-00000417-00000678 As companies become more profitable,
WfP1YBCmeIM-00001-00000678-00001086 it is natural to want to expand and grow their businesses.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00002-00001086-00001569 If Starbucks was still a Seattle coffee shop with one store,
WfP1YBCmeIM-00003-00001569-00001876 very few of us would have ever heard of them.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00004-00001876-00002250 So there are three general ways to finance
WfP1YBCmeIM-00005-00002250-00002485 operations and growth.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00006-00002485-00002791 The first is through the use of retained earnings.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00007-00002791-00003258 If a company has enough cash on hand,
WfP1YBCmeIM-00008-00003258-00003675 it can use it to expand and grow the business.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00009-00003675-00004280 This is a low-risk approach to growth but often the slowest.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00010-00004280-00004526 A more common way to finance business growth
WfP1YBCmeIM-00011-00004526-00004733 is through equity financing.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00012-00004733-00005042 This is done through the issuance of stocks.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00013-00005042-00005291 This approach is usually low risk
WfP1YBCmeIM-00014-00005291-00005654 since there is no requirement to pay dividends,
WfP1YBCmeIM-00015-00005654-00006077 but this is often the costliest of the approaches,
WfP1YBCmeIM-00016-00006077-00006522 as dividends are not tax deductible nor an expense.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00017-00006522-00006795 An additional downside is that it dilutes
WfP1YBCmeIM-00018-00006795-00007117 ownership in the business.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00019-00007117-00007395 The final approach and the focus of this
WfP1YBCmeIM-00020-00007395-00007914 and the next several videos in the playlist is debt financing.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00021-00007914-00008256 Debt financing is done through leasing, bank loans,
WfP1YBCmeIM-00022-00008256-00008515 or the issuance of bonds.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00023-00008515-00008697 This is the cheapest approach to grow
WfP1YBCmeIM-00024-00008697-00009146 the business because interest expense is tax deductible.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00025-00009146-00009397 However, regular interest payments usually
WfP1YBCmeIM-00026-00009397-00009763 need to be made, and a cash-strapped business
WfP1YBCmeIM-00027-00009763-00010054 could struggle to stay in business if the debt
WfP1YBCmeIM-00028-00010054-00010357 load becomes too high.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00029-00010357-00010645 As individuals, often we want to have
WfP1YBCmeIM-00030-00010645-00010897 as little debt as possible.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00031-00010897-00011375 We would prefer to be debt-free rather than carry a debt load.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00032-00011375-00011644 This is not the same for businesses.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00033-00011644-00011923 Often, a business with little or no debt
WfP1YBCmeIM-00034-00011923-00012241 is poorly managed because debt should
WfP1YBCmeIM-00035-00012241-00012613 be used to expand and grow the business.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00036-00012613-00013022 Many companies aim for about 55% of their assets
WfP1YBCmeIM-00037-00013022-00013290 to be financed with debt.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00038-00013290-00013585 Debt financing is sometimes referred to as OPM,
WfP1YBCmeIM-00039-00013585-00013886 or Other People's Money.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00040-00013886-00014099 The concept is fairly simple.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00041-00014099-00014488 Let's say you have $1,000 and an idea for a product
WfP1YBCmeIM-00042-00014488-00014650 that you can sell.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00043-00014650-00014935 If it requires $1,000 of material
WfP1YBCmeIM-00044-00014935-00015466 and produces a finished product that can be sold for $10,000,
WfP1YBCmeIM-00045-00015466-00015800 then you can earn $10,000.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00046-00015800-00016133 Once you collect that, you can start over.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00047-00016133-00016483 But if you went to a bank and borrowed $100,000
WfP1YBCmeIM-00048-00016483-00016831 at the beginning, you could sell your products
WfP1YBCmeIM-00049-00016831-00017257 for a million dollars and be far wealthier much quicker
WfP1YBCmeIM-00050-00017257-00017627 by using other people's money.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00051-00017627-00017927 However, just like individuals, companies
WfP1YBCmeIM-00052-00017927-00018176 can have too much debt.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00053-00018176-00018536 When this happens, they have a hard time paying their bills
WfP1YBCmeIM-00054-00018536-00018910 and may have to declare bankruptcy.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00055-00018910-00019213 The most common ways to use debt financing
WfP1YBCmeIM-00056-00019213-00019444 to grow a business are as follows--
WfP1YBCmeIM-00057-00019444-00019975 leases, long-term notes payable, or issuing bonds.
WfP1YBCmeIM-00058-00019975-00020319 Each of these will be introduced in separate videos.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00000-00000000-00000202 이 영상은 로또 당첨 번호에 대한 분석 영상입니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00001-00000234-00000428 대한민국 로또에 대한 것이지만. 분석 요령은 세계 어느 로또나 동일합니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00002-00000463-00000672 이와 같은 방법을 해당 국가의 로또에 적용하면 됩니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00003-00000708-00000906 참고 하시고 당첨 되시면 좋겠습니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00004-00001006-00001324 로또 사업자가 변경 되었습니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00005-00001400-00001800 추첨 방송도 변경 되었고
WhpMjV1JNBA-00006-00001800-00002156 반송 시간도 변경 되었으니
WhpMjV1JNBA-00007-00002206-00002642 참고하시고 이용에 불편 없으시길 바랍니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00008-00002964-00003044 Features of Lottolab
WhpMjV1JNBA-00009-00003062-00003180 For 804th Korean Lotto.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00010-00003258-00003390 Decimal Number
WhpMjV1JNBA-00011-00003738-00004168 Lottolab Features - Decimal Num 1의 자리가 같은 로또 번호 쌍
WhpMjV1JNBA-00012-00004304-00004720 로또 특징점 끝수는 당첨번호 중에서 1의 자리 수가 같은 것.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00013-00004736-00005108 예를 들면 {21.41}. 혹은 {5.15}와 같은 것을 말합니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00014-00005132-00005492 이는 로또랩의 통계 중 가장 성과가 높은 특징점 중 하나 입니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00015-00005534-00005914 로또 끝수! 참고 하시고 대박나세요~
WhpMjV1JNBA-00016-00006270-00006742 로또랩 로또 특징점 최근 10주간 특징점 출현 성과
WhpMjV1JNBA-00017-00006892-00007058 Lotto Feature Summerize
WhpMjV1JNBA-00018-00007172-00007600 지난 주에는 8개의 로또랩 특징점에서 6개의 당첨번호가 나왔습니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00019-00008158-00009410 특히. 최근 10주간 끝수에서 9주에 걸쳐 11쌍. 이번주에는 2쌍의 당첨번호가 나왔습니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00020-00010196-00010644 로또랩 특징점 - 끝수 최근 끝수 출현 현황 및 번호 별 출현 빈도
WhpMjV1JNBA-00021-00010822-00011088 Prediction - Lotto Decimal Num
WhpMjV1JNBA-00022-00011700-00012720 840회 로또 예상 - 끝수 지난주에는 당첨번호의 일의자리 수가 같은 끝수 {3. 13}. {9. 19}가 출현했고.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00023-00013260-00013558 최근 10주간. 9주에 걸쳐 11쌍이 출현했습니다.
WhpMjV1JNBA-00024-00013666-00014052 끝수로 자주 출현하는 번호도 확인하세요
WhpMjV1JNBA-00025-00014540-00015000 자주 출현한 끝수도 확인하세요! 더 자세한 사항은 lottolab.kr/blog에서..
WhpMjV1JNBA-00026-00015396-00015863 로또랩 특징점 - 끝수 가장 최근 끝수의 당첨 번호 출현 결과
WhpMjV1JNBA-00027-00016124-00016576 839회 예상 결과 - 끝수 포함
WhpMjV1JNBA-00028-00022004-00022200 837 회 예상 결과 - 끝수 포함
WhpMjV1JNBA-00029-00026698-00026910 836회 예상 결과 - 끝수 포함
WhpMjV1JNBA-00030-00031494-00032210 도움이 되었다면 구독해 주세요
WjaTQllhCYA-00000-00000000-00000200 trap type beat
WnOIxiVOfqc-00000-00000010-00000096 2-1 THE TWINS IN WASHINGTON.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00001-00000096-00000103 2-1 THE TWINS IN WASHINGTON.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00002-00000103-00000717 2-1 THE TWINS IN WASHINGTON. THEY BEAT THE NATS BY A PAIR.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00003-00000717-00000724 2-1 THE TWINS IN WASHINGTON. THEY BEAT THE NATS BY A PAIR.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00004-00000724-00000824 2-1 THE TWINS IN WASHINGTON. THEY BEAT THE NATS BY A PAIR. >> COLLIN: WELL, THE WINTER
WnOIxiVOfqc-00005-00000824-00000830 THEY BEAT THE NATS BY A PAIR. >> COLLIN: WELL, THE WINTER  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00006-00000830-00000970 THEY BEAT THE NATS BY A PAIR. >> COLLIN: WELL, THE WINTER SEASON IS FINALLY A WRAP IN HIGH
WnOIxiVOfqc-00007-00000970-00000977 >> COLLIN: WELL, THE WINTER SEASON IS FINALLY A WRAP IN HIGH  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00008-00000977-00001107 >> COLLIN: WELL, THE WINTER SEASON IS FINALLY A WRAP IN HIGH SCHOOL SPORTS WITH MANY GRADE
WnOIxiVOfqc-00009-00001107-00001114 SEASON IS FINALLY A WRAP IN HIGH SCHOOL SPORTS WITH MANY GRADE  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00010-00001114-00001241 SEASON IS FINALLY A WRAP IN HIGH SCHOOL SPORTS WITH MANY GRADE PLAYS AND GREAT MOMENTS.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00011-00001241-00001247 SCHOOL SPORTS WITH MANY GRADE PLAYS AND GREAT MOMENTS.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00012-00001247-00001441 SCHOOL SPORTS WITH MANY GRADE PLAYS AND GREAT MOMENTS. IT'S TOUGH TO SHOW THEM ALL BUT
WnOIxiVOfqc-00013-00001441-00001448 PLAYS AND GREAT MOMENTS. IT'S TOUGH TO SHOW THEM ALL BUT  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00014-00001448-00001631 PLAYS AND GREAT MOMENTS. IT'S TOUGH TO SHOW THEM ALL BUT HERE ARE TOP TEN.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00015-00001631-00001638 IT'S TOUGH TO SHOW THEM ALL BUT HERE ARE TOP TEN.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00016-00001638-00001875 IT'S TOUGH TO SHOW THEM ALL BUT HERE ARE TOP TEN. STARTING ON THE MATS, NO. 10,
WnOIxiVOfqc-00017-00001875-00001881 HERE ARE TOP TEN. STARTING ON THE MATS, NO. 10,  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00018-00001881-00002152 HERE ARE TOP TEN. STARTING ON THE MATS, NO. 10, BEMIDJI BEAT NO. 6 GRAND RAPIDS
WnOIxiVOfqc-00019-00002152-00002158 STARTING ON THE MATS, NO. 10, BEMIDJI BEAT NO. 6 GRAND RAPIDS  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00020-00002158-00002315 STARTING ON THE MATS, NO. 10, BEMIDJI BEAT NO. 6 GRAND RAPIDS ON THE ROAD.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00021-00002315-00002322 BEMIDJI BEAT NO. 6 GRAND RAPIDS ON THE ROAD.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00022-00002322-00002615 BEMIDJI BEAT NO. 6 GRAND RAPIDS ON THE ROAD. NO. 9 IN THE POOL, BRAINERD'S
WnOIxiVOfqc-00023-00002615-00002622 ON THE ROAD. NO. 9 IN THE POOL, BRAINERD'S  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00024-00002622-00003022 ON THE ROAD. NO. 9 IN THE POOL, BRAINERD'S MICHAEL BYLANDER WON SECTION
WnOIxiVOfqc-00025-00003022-00003029 NO. 9 IN THE POOL, BRAINERD'S MICHAEL BYLANDER WON SECTION  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00026-00003029-00003203 NO. 9 IN THE POOL, BRAINERD'S MICHAEL BYLANDER WON SECTION TITLE IN THREE EVENTS.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00027-00003203-00003209 MICHAEL BYLANDER WON SECTION TITLE IN THREE EVENTS.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00028-00003209-00003343 MICHAEL BYLANDER WON SECTION TITLE IN THREE EVENTS. NO. 8, WHAT A CAREER ON THE
WnOIxiVOfqc-00029-00003343-00003350 TITLE IN THREE EVENTS. NO. 8, WHAT A CAREER ON THE  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00030-00003350-00003713 TITLE IN THREE EVENTS. NO. 8, WHAT A CAREER ON THE COURT FOR BEMIDJI'S LINAES
WnOIxiVOfqc-00031-00003713-00003720 NO. 8, WHAT A CAREER ON THE COURT FOR BEMIDJI'S LINAES  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00032-00003720-00003943 NO. 8, WHAT A CAREER ON THE COURT FOR BEMIDJI'S LINAES WHITING, HIS 100th CAREER
WnOIxiVOfqc-00033-00003943-00003950 COURT FOR BEMIDJI'S LINAES WHITING, HIS 100th CAREER  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00034-00003950-00004167 COURT FOR BEMIDJI'S LINAES WHITING, HIS 100th CAREER POINT HERE AGAINST DULUTH EAST.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00035-00004167-00004174 WHITING, HIS 100th CAREER POINT HERE AGAINST DULUTH EAST.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00036-00004174-00004310 WHITING, HIS 100th CAREER POINT HERE AGAINST DULUTH EAST. NO. 7, ON THE ICE, BRAINERD
WnOIxiVOfqc-00037-00004310-00004317 POINT HERE AGAINST DULUTH EAST. NO. 7, ON THE ICE, BRAINERD  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00038-00004317-00004507 POINT HERE AGAINST DULUTH EAST. NO. 7, ON THE ICE, BRAINERD LITTLE FALLS GIRL HOCKEY, THEIR
WnOIxiVOfqc-00039-00004507-00004514 NO. 7, ON THE ICE, BRAINERD LITTLE FALLS GIRL HOCKEY, THEIR  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00040-00004514-00004641 NO. 7, ON THE ICE, BRAINERD LITTLE FALLS GIRL HOCKEY, THEIR FIRST EVER SECTION TITLE AND
WnOIxiVOfqc-00041-00004641-00004647 LITTLE FALLS GIRL HOCKEY, THEIR FIRST EVER SECTION TITLE AND  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00042-00004647-00004828 LITTLE FALLS GIRL HOCKEY, THEIR FIRST EVER SECTION TITLE AND TRIP TO STATE, A TRIPLE OVERTIME
WnOIxiVOfqc-00043-00004828-00004834 FIRST EVER SECTION TITLE AND TRIP TO STATE, A TRIPLE OVERTIME  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00044-00004834-00004968 FIRST EVER SECTION TITLE AND TRIP TO STATE, A TRIPLE OVERTIME THRILLER AGAINST RIVAL ROSEAU.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00045-00004968-00004974 TRIP TO STATE, A TRIPLE OVERTIME THRILLER AGAINST RIVAL ROSEAU.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00046-00004974-00005081 TRIP TO STATE, A TRIPLE OVERTIME THRILLER AGAINST RIVAL ROSEAU. NO. 6 TO THE COURT.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00047-00005081-00005088 THRILLER AGAINST RIVAL ROSEAU. NO. 6 TO THE COURT.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00048-00005088-00005288 THRILLER AGAINST RIVAL ROSEAU. NO. 6 TO THE COURT. WHAT A HISTORIC SEASON FOR
WnOIxiVOfqc-00049-00005288-00005295 NO. 6 TO THE COURT. WHAT A HISTORIC SEASON FOR  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00050-00005295-00005482 NO. 6 TO THE COURT. WHAT A HISTORIC SEASON FOR MENAHGA GIRLS BASKETBALL, 30
WnOIxiVOfqc-00051-00005482-00005488 WHAT A HISTORIC SEASON FOR MENAHGA GIRLS BASKETBALL, 30  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00052-00005488-00005592 WHAT A HISTORIC SEASON FOR MENAHGA GIRLS BASKETBALL, 30 STRAIGHT WINS, FIRST EVER
WnOIxiVOfqc-00053-00005592-00005598 MENAHGA GIRLS BASKETBALL, 30 STRAIGHT WINS, FIRST EVER  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00054-00005598-00005735 MENAHGA GIRLS BASKETBALL, 30 STRAIGHT WINS, FIRST EVER SECTION TITLE AND TRIP TO STATE
WnOIxiVOfqc-00055-00005735-00005742 STRAIGHT WINS, FIRST EVER SECTION TITLE AND TRIP TO STATE  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00056-00005742-00006035 STRAIGHT WINS, FIRST EVER SECTION TITLE AND TRIP TO STATE IN A WIN OVER BBE.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00057-00006035-00006042 SECTION TITLE AND TRIP TO STATE IN A WIN OVER BBE.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00058-00006042-00006212 SECTION TITLE AND TRIP TO STATE IN A WIN OVER BBE. NO. 5, BOYS HOOPS, CASS
WnOIxiVOfqc-00059-00006212-00006219 IN A WIN OVER BBE. NO. 5, BOYS HOOPS, CASS  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00060-00006219-00006356 IN A WIN OVER BBE. NO. 5, BOYS HOOPS, CASS LAKE-BENA FINISHES FOURTH IN
WnOIxiVOfqc-00061-00006356-00006363 NO. 5, BOYS HOOPS, CASS LAKE-BENA FINISHES FOURTH IN  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00062-00006363-00006503 NO. 5, BOYS HOOPS, CASS LAKE-BENA FINISHES FOURTH IN CLASS A, INCLUDING A DOUBLE
WnOIxiVOfqc-00063-00006503-00006509 LAKE-BENA FINISHES FOURTH IN CLASS A, INCLUDING A DOUBLE  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00064-00006509-00006723 LAKE-BENA FINISHES FOURTH IN CLASS A, INCLUDING A DOUBLE OVERTIME THRILLER OVER RUSH
WnOIxiVOfqc-00065-00006723-00006730 CLASS A, INCLUDING A DOUBLE OVERTIME THRILLER OVER RUSH  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00066-00006730-00007000 CLASS A, INCLUDING A DOUBLE OVERTIME THRILLER OVER RUSH FORWARD PETERSON, THE GO AHEAD
WnOIxiVOfqc-00067-00007000-00007006 OVERTIME THRILLER OVER RUSH FORWARD PETERSON, THE GO AHEAD  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00068-00007006-00007434 OVERTIME THRILLER OVER RUSH FORWARD PETERSON, THE GO AHEAD BASKET BY RAUL WASHINGTON.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00069-00007434-00007440 FORWARD PETERSON, THE GO AHEAD BASKET BY RAUL WASHINGTON.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00070-00007440-00007724 FORWARD PETERSON, THE GO AHEAD BASKET BY RAUL WASHINGTON. NO. 4, GRAND RAPIDS GIRLS
WnOIxiVOfqc-00071-00007724-00007731 BASKET BY RAUL WASHINGTON. NO. 4, GRAND RAPIDS GIRLS  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00072-00007731-00007974 BASKET BY RAUL WASHINGTON. NO. 4, GRAND RAPIDS GIRLS BASKETBALL, THEY FINISHED THIRD
WnOIxiVOfqc-00073-00007974-00007981 NO. 4, GRAND RAPIDS GIRLS BASKETBALL, THEY FINISHED THIRD  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00074-00007981-00008178 NO. 4, GRAND RAPIDS GIRLS BASKETBALL, THEY FINISHED THIRD IN CLASS 3 A.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00075-00008178-00008184 BASKETBALL, THEY FINISHED THIRD IN CLASS 3 A.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00076-00008184-00008395 BASKETBALL, THEY FINISHED THIRD IN CLASS 3 A. NO. 3, WARROAD GIRLS HOCKEY,
WnOIxiVOfqc-00077-00008395-00008401 IN CLASS 3 A. NO. 3, WARROAD GIRLS HOCKEY,  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00078-00008401-00008601 IN CLASS 3 A. NO. 3, WARROAD GIRLS HOCKEY, RUNNERS UP IN DALLAS A.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00079-00008601-00008608 NO. 3, WARROAD GIRLS HOCKEY, RUNNERS UP IN DALLAS A.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00080-00008608-00008758 NO. 3, WARROAD GIRLS HOCKEY, RUNNERS UP IN DALLAS A. HANNAH ONE OF THE BREAKOUT STARS
WnOIxiVOfqc-00081-00008758-00008765 RUNNERS UP IN DALLAS A. HANNAH ONE OF THE BREAKOUT STARS  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00082-00008765-00008882 RUNNERS UP IN DALLAS A. HANNAH ONE OF THE BREAKOUT STARS FOR THE WARRIORS.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00083-00008882-00008888 HANNAH ONE OF THE BREAKOUT STARS FOR THE WARRIORS.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00084-00008888-00009072 HANNAH ONE OF THE BREAKOUT STARS FOR THE WARRIORS. NO. 2, ROSEAU GIRL'S BASKETBALL,
WnOIxiVOfqc-00085-00009072-00009079 FOR THE WARRIORS. NO. 2, ROSEAU GIRL'S BASKETBALL,  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00086-00009079-00009536 FOR THE WARRIORS. NO. 2, ROSEAU GIRL'S BASKETBALL, THE COMEBACK KID.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00087-00009536-00009542 NO. 2, ROSEAU GIRL'S BASKETBALL, THE COMEBACK KID.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00088-00009542-00009763 NO. 2, ROSEAU GIRL'S BASKETBALL, THE COMEBACK KID. DOWN BY DOUBLE DIGITS IN QUARTER
WnOIxiVOfqc-00089-00009763-00009769 THE COMEBACK KID. DOWN BY DOUBLE DIGITS IN QUARTER  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00090-00009769-00009826 THE COMEBACK KID. DOWN BY DOUBLE DIGITS IN QUARTER FINALS.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00091-00009826-00009833 DOWN BY DOUBLE DIGITS IN QUARTER FINALS.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00092-00009833-00010023 DOWN BY DOUBLE DIGITS IN QUARTER FINALS. THEY WOULD FINISH RUNNER-UP TO
WnOIxiVOfqc-00093-00010023-00010030 FINALS. THEY WOULD FINISH RUNNER-UP TO  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00094-00010030-00010133 FINALS. THEY WOULD FINISH RUNNER-UP TO SAUK CENTRE IN CLASS A.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00095-00010133-00010140 THEY WOULD FINISH RUNNER-UP TO SAUK CENTRE IN CLASS A.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00096-00010140-00010383 THEY WOULD FINISH RUNNER-UP TO SAUK CENTRE IN CLASS A. AND FINALLY, TOP PLAY, BOY'S
WnOIxiVOfqc-00097-00010383-00010390 SAUK CENTRE IN CLASS A. AND FINALLY, TOP PLAY, BOY'S  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00098-00010390-00010613 SAUK CENTRE IN CLASS A. AND FINALLY, TOP PLAY, BOY'S NORTH I CAN SKIING, GRAND
WnOIxiVOfqc-00099-00010613-00010620 AND FINALLY, TOP PLAY, BOY'S NORTH I CAN SKIING, GRAND  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00100-00010620-00011024 AND FINALLY, TOP PLAY, BOY'S NORTH I CAN SKIING, GRAND RAPIDS, GARRETT BECKRICH.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00101-00011024-00011031 NORTH I CAN SKIING, GRAND RAPIDS, GARRETT BECKRICH.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00102-00011031-00011141 NORTH I CAN SKIING, GRAND RAPIDS, GARRETT BECKRICH. THE INDIVIDUAL STATE CHAMP.
WnOIxiVOfqc-00103-00011141-00011147 RAPIDS, GARRETT BECKRICH. THE INDIVIDUAL STATE CHAMP.  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00104-00011147-00011247 RAPIDS, GARRETT BECKRICH. THE INDIVIDUAL STATE CHAMP. WON THE FREESTYLE IN THE
WnOIxiVOfqc-00105-00011247-00011254 THE INDIVIDUAL STATE CHAMP. WON THE FREESTYLE IN THE  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00106-00011254-00011411 THE INDIVIDUAL STATE CHAMP. WON THE FREESTYLE IN THE MORNING, SEVENTH IN THE CLASSIC,
WnOIxiVOfqc-00107-00011411-00011418 WON THE FREESTYLE IN THE MORNING, SEVENTH IN THE CLASSIC,  
WnOIxiVOfqc-00108-00011418-00011464 WON THE FREESTYLE IN THE MORNING, SEVENTH IN THE CLASSIC, COMBINED FOR FIRST OVERALL.
X8XudJXkQzY-00000-00000787-00000986 You
X8XudJXkQzY-00001-00001568-00002055 This 79 year old man became an alpha male after living among wolves
X8XudJXkQzY-00002-00002393-00002757 79 year-old Werner Freund owns and works in a wolf sanctuary
X8XudJXkQzY-00003-00002813-00003271 He runs it a little differently than other people would well he takes care of the wolves
X8XudJXkQzY-00004-00003271-00003834 He also lives alongside of them. It takes a lot of guts to live among wild animals such as wolves
X8XudJXkQzY-00005-00003886-00004323 Because Warner shows this bravery. He's respected by the wolves in his sanctuary
X8XudJXkQzY-00006-00004403-00004801 Werner may look like any ordinary man, but he's really a man of wolves
X8XudJXkQzY-00007-00004801-00005520 He shows courage every day that he spends with his Wolf Pack for the last 40 years Werner has lived amongst wolves and Mirza
X8XudJXkQzY-00008-00005543-00005965 Germany what's even more is that he's the alpha male of the pack
X8XudJXkQzY-00009-00006011-00006666 The Wolf Street Werner as their leader of the pack because he's been with them for so long they even share their food with him
X8XudJXkQzY-00010-00006722-00007258 Wolves are able to sense when people are afraid Werner is clearly fearless when he's around the wolves
X8XudJXkQzY-00011-00007325-00008013 How did Werner come into possession of these majestic creatures he adopts them from zoos and parks as Cubs?
X8XudJXkQzY-00012-00008108-00008787 Typically wolves are seen as dangerous towards people. However, they're overly friendly and playful when it comes to interacting with Werner
X8XudJXkQzY-00013-00008837-00009345 Why are all the wolves sold respectful of Werner? It's because as Cubs he asserts his dominance
X8XudJXkQzY-00014-00009464-00010018 Werner's pack of wolves come from all over the world the wolves in his pack come from six different tags
X8XudJXkQzY-00015-00010091-00010467 Werner has wolves from Mongolia Europe Siberia and the
X8XudJXkQzY-00016-00010502-00010978 Arctic regions people recognize the arctic wolves most because of their white fur
X8XudJXkQzY-00017-00011009-00011563 How does Werner assert his dominance he always takes the first bite of a meal when feeding his wolves
X8XudJXkQzY-00018-00011585-00012253 This shows the wolves to respect him and that he has the power the Wolves recognized Warner's position in the pack
X8XudJXkQzY-00019-00012253-00012478 They never eat until he finishes
X8XudJXkQzY-00020-00012554-00013245 Werner's technique of raising the Wolves to see him as the alpha male have taught them. There is a hierarchy which they're able to recognize
X8XudJXkQzY-00021-00013304-00013504 To keep his rank as the alpha male
X8XudJXkQzY-00022-00013519-00014073 Werner's had to learn to howl just like his wolves when he howls it shows the wolves that he's dominant
X8XudJXkQzY-00023-00014122-00014482 You have to admit that Werner's accomplished something. Not many people can
X8XudJXkQzY-00024-00014504-00015174 To be recognized as an alpha male and a pack of wolves is truly impressive the wolves. Absolutely. Love Werner
X8XudJXkQzY-00025-00015179-00015471 They're playful towards a man will lick his face in adoration
X8XudJXkQzY-00026-00015472-00016197 You may be taken back by this photo and think Werner is in danger. However, this is just a way that wolves show and respect
X8XudJXkQzY-00027-00016253-00016797 Werner definitely deserves the title of Wolfman after becoming the alpha male in a pack of wolves
X8XudJXkQzY-00028-00016880-00017319 Rather than having guard dogs Warner has guard wolves protecting him and his property
X8XudJXkQzY-00029-00017360-00017721 We can't imagine anybody thinking of trespassing on his property
X8XudJXkQzY-00030-00017816-00018016 Warner's story is truly incredible
X8XudJXkQzY-00031-00018056-00018544 Showing his bravery and being accepted by these wolves as something to be amazed for sure
X8XudJXkQzY-00032-00021013-00021213 You
XsR5vtMXzWM-00000-00000017-00000213 Well, it’s Easter and we’re still here!
XsR5vtMXzWM-00001-00000213-00000674 And I and millions of my fellow British citizens couldn’t be more delighted about that.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00002-00000674-00001495 For me, it's absolutely wonderful to be able to see through the mandate that I was given
XsR5vtMXzWM-00003-00001495-00001922 by the people of South West England and Gibraltar in 2014.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00004-00001922-00002373 And I’m equally delighted that the UK will be holding European Elections in May.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00005-00002373-00002808 Greens are going to use these democratic and proportional elections as a celebration of
XsR5vtMXzWM-00006-00002808-00003050 the values of the European Union.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00007-00003050-00003521 We will mobilise one of the most powerful pro-European forces in our continent and we will
XsR5vtMXzWM-00008-00003521-00003897 champion a fairer, greener, more democratic EU.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00009-00003897-00004397 I’d like to thank the Council and particularly President Tusk for allowing us the breathing
XsR5vtMXzWM-00010-00004397-00004779 space to reconsider our vote to leave the EU.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00011-00004779-00005235 Building Europe has never been easy and he has shown the vision of the Founding Fathers
XsR5vtMXzWM-00012-00005235-00005847 who persevered in difficult times to welcome and even include those countries that had
XsR5vtMXzWM-00013-00005847-00005947 difficulties at home.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00014-00005947-00006238 Or perhaps particularly those countries.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00015-00006238-00006736 As a Green MEP, I’ve always been tough on Brexit, but we also need to be tough on the
XsR5vtMXzWM-00016-00006736-00006922 causes of Brexit.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00017-00006922-00007428 We must address the issues that gave rise to feelings of powerlessness, of alienation,
XsR5vtMXzWM-00018-00007428-00007858 of being left behind that prompted so many of our fellow citizens to vote to leave in
XsR5vtMXzWM-00019-00007858-00007959 2016.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00020-00007959-00008243 So, I wish my colleagues happy campaigns.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00021-00008243-00008675 Let’s share a message of hope about the positive change that the European Parliament
XsR5vtMXzWM-00022-00008675-00008810 can bring to their lives.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00023-00008810-00009447 Let’s resist the siren song of the far right with its politics of division, hate and fear.
XsR5vtMXzWM-00024-00009447-00009990 In Britain, a strong pro-European vote across the country will massively increase the chances
XsR5vtMXzWM-00025-00009990-00010539 of winning a future People’s Vote, and convincing our fellow citizens that our best future is
XsR5vtMXzWM-00026-00010539-00010681 as part of the European family.
Xv5wI2l9tBu-00000-00000000-00001501 I recommend to listen from the PC and also with the headphones for a better listening.
Xv5wI2l9tBu-00001-00001601-00002602 And read the entire description if you have time and patience. It's very important. Thanks.
XwWW3SM6dbY-00000-00000000-00000408 good evening lottery players and welcome to tonight's live drawing of cash relay
XwWW3SM6dbY-00001-00000408-00000896 it's friday march 18 2022 as always all drawings are under the observation of
XwWW3SM6dbY-00002-00000896-00001304 marketing pc certified public accounts now let's play cash for life where you
XwWW3SM6dbY-00003-00001304-00001623 can win up to one thousand dollars a day for life the first number is
XwWW3SM6dbY-00004-00001944-00002672 seven the second number is ten the third number is sixty the fourth number is forty
XwWW3SM6dbY-00005-00002672-00003104 one and the fifth number is thirteen and tonight's winning cash flow number is
XwWW3SM6dbY-00006-00003760-00004296 one thank you for playing cash for life good night and good luck two recaps tonight's win numbers are
XwWW3SM6dbY-00007-00004296-00005032 7 10 60 41 13 and tonight's winning cash flow number is one remember cash for life is the only
XwWW3SM6dbY-00008-00005032-00005424 game where you can win up to one thousand dollars a day for the rest of your life see you next time
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00000-00000019-00000286 Today I'm gonna film The Quick Flick.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00001-00000286-00000471 Which is a product that I got,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00002-00000471-00000638 a couple weeks back.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00003-00000638-00000721 What did I get?
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00004-00000721-00001075 I got the Petite size, which is eight millimeters,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00005-00001075-00001338 and it's Intense Black.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00006-00001338-00001647 So the Petite is the smallest size you could get.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00007-00001647-00001857 But it also comes in two other colors
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00008-00001857-00002064 and two other sizes, as well.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00009-00002064-00002356 When you open the product, oh shit!
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00010-00002533-00002670 (laugh)
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00011-00002685-00003073 So when you open the product, it comes with two pens.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00012-00003290-00003522 At first I was really confused but.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00013-00003548-00003727 Coz' why would it come in two,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00014-00003734-00003906 when this like two tips. You know.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00015-00003906-00004106 But then I realized, ones for the right eye,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00016-00004106-00004341 and the other ones for the left eye.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00017-00004341-00004691 And excuse my hair, my hair is a bit frizzy.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00018-00004713-00004876 I've got naturally curly hair.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00019-00004884-00005013 It's crazy frizzy but,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00020-00005200-00005385 I'm gonna embrace it, anyways.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00021-00005465-00005618 So, let's give it a go.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00022-00005628-00005875 I'm not sure we can see that?
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00023-00005875-00006098 I'm not sure they will focused either.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00024-00006098-00006426 But, there's a wing on that tip.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00025-00006538-00006930 And then there's a felt pen on the other side.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00026-00006930-00007155 See if I, were to show you,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00027-00007258-00007350 stamp that.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00028-00007561-00007737 Pretty clear stamp,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00029-00007737-00007855 it's pretty black as well.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00030-00007855-00008013 This product is water proofed.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00031-00008013-00008360 And I tried giving it a really hard rub under water.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00032-00008360-00008710 And it did not budge, which is a big tick.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00033-00008911-00009061 Okay so let's go.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00034-00009061-00009227 I've got make-up on.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00035-00009461-00009807 I don't know what I'm doing actually.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00036-00009808-00010000 (sigh)
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00037-00010178-00010374 uh dandruff...
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00038-00010412-00010548 uh, okay...
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00039-00010636-00010936 (Talking to self) So I've shouldn't of put mascara on.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00040-00011013-00011354 But basically, I've got the right eye.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00041-00011354-00011668 So if it's a right eye, then its this side
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00042-00011668-00011826 So, to stamp this on your eyes,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00043-00011826-00012110 your need to remain open while you stamp.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00044-00012110-00012274 This is to prevent any distortion
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00045-00012274-00012489 of the shape of the end result.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00046-00012489-00012867 As could see, um the positioning of the flick.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00047-00012867-00013130 just depends of what type of look you're going for.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00048-00013130-00013377 I went for a less dramatic look.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00049-00013377-00013618 Coz' I feel that it's suits me more.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00050-00013618-00013871 Once you stamped it on, take the felt tip end
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00051-00013871-00014177 and start lining your eyes up.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00052-00014177-00014427 (Goove music)
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00053-00015599-00015866 I've got pretty on uneven eyelids.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00054-00015997-00016188 So, we'll see how this...
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00055-00016417-00016501 look
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00056-00016766-00017112 afterwards so, let that dry.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00057-00017112-00017370 (Groove music)
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00058-00018030-00018155 Okay so that's,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00059-00018343-00018426 on one eye.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00060-00018426-00018651 I'm pretty happy with that.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00061-00018737-00018937 Let's do the other side.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00062-00019160-00019552 So grab the other one, which is the left one.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00063-00019637-00019984 And as you can see.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00064-00020185-00020368 That's the other side.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00065-00020558-00020824 Let's try putting that one up one on.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00066-00021006-00021206 So applying eyeliners in general,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00067-00021206-00021389 has always been a real struggle for myself.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00068-00021389-00021716 As you can see, I sort of have a monolid on one side.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00069-00021716-00021901 And a double lid on this side.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00070-00021901-00022115 And applying the stamped on.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00071-00022115-00022434 I sort of like tilted the tip of the wing
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00072-00022434-00022665 higher than my right hand side.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00073-00022665-00023046 But I wouldn't say this is because of a bad product.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00074-00023046-00023219 I would say it's my lack of experienced.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00075-00023219-00023511 You just need to play around with this product.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00076-00023511-00023683 familarise yourself with it.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00077-00023683-00024029 before, achieving an even application.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00078-00024029-00024257 for those of you who have even and more
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00079-00024257-00024514 of the symmetrical eyes.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00080-00024514-00024790 I can imagine you guys achieving this look.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00081-00024790-00025123 A lot easier, with an easier application.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00082-00025473-00025852 Okay so that's(sigh)
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00083-00025906-00026283 that's my winged eye-liner um....
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00084-00026434-00026684 I think I've tilted this side.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00085-00026881-00027095 lower, I like this side more than this side.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00086-00027095-00027479 I think this side I needed tilted a bit lower.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00087-00027595-00027859 But as you can see,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00088-00027915-00027998 they work.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00089-00028130-00028272 This is the look.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00090-00028376-00028551 Overall I think this is a really cool
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00091-00028551-00028704 and high quality product.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00092-00028704-00029044 And I definitely recommend you guys give it a go.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00093-00029044-00029141 For a limited time only.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00094-00029141-00029352 I do have a discount code,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00095-00029352-00029587 that will give you 10% of the products.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00096-00029587-00029753 This can only be used by itself
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00097-00029753-00030021 and not in conjunction with any other promotions,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00098-00030021-00030160 that are going on.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00099-00030160-00030427 I will put that down in the description box.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00100-00030427-00030583 Let me know how it goes for you,
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00101-00030583-00030908 and what you guys think of the product.
Xxkh8_ck-eo-00102-00031092-00031201 There you go.
XxEhcz_EIHY-00000-00000010-00000090 ATTEMPTING TO TURN INTO THE 
XxEhcz_EIHY-00001-00000090-00000096 ATTEMPTING TO TURN INTO THE   
XxEhcz_EIHY-00002-00000096-00000186 ATTEMPTING TO TURN INTO THE  DULUTH SUPERIOR HARBOR.
XxEhcz_EIHY-00003-00000186-00000193 ATTEMPTING TO TURN INTO THE  DULUTH SUPERIOR HARBOR.  
XxEhcz_EIHY-00004-00000193-00000373 ATTEMPTING TO TURN INTO THE  DULUTH SUPERIOR HARBOR. OFFICIALS SAY NO ONE WAS HURT.
XxEhcz_EIHY-00005-00000373-00000380 DULUTH SUPERIOR HARBOR. OFFICIALS SAY NO ONE WAS HURT.  
XxEhcz_EIHY-00006-00000380-00000573 DULUTH SUPERIOR HARBOR. OFFICIALS SAY NO ONE WAS HURT. THE TWO MEN INVOLVED IN A DEADLY
XxEhcz_EIHY-00007-00000573-00000580 OFFICIALS SAY NO ONE WAS HURT. THE TWO MEN INVOLVED IN A DEADLY  
XxEhcz_EIHY-00008-00000580-00000850 OFFICIALS SAY NO ONE WAS HURT. THE TWO MEN INVOLVED IN A DEADLY BOATING INCIDENT ON A CASS 
XxEhcz_EIHY-00009-00000850-00000857 THE TWO MEN INVOLVED IN A DEADLY BOATING INCIDENT ON A CASS   
XxEhcz_EIHY-00010-00000857-00001087 THE TWO MEN INVOLVED IN A DEADLY BOATING INCIDENT ON A CASS  COUNTY LAKE HAVE BEEN 
XxEhcz_EIHY-00011-00001087-00001094 BOATING INCIDENT ON A CASS  COUNTY LAKE HAVE BEEN   
XxEhcz_EIHY-00012-00001094-00001127 BOATING INCIDENT ON A CASS  COUNTY LAKE HAVE BEEN  IDENTIFIED.
XxEhcz_EIHY-00013-00001127-00001134 COUNTY LAKE HAVE BEEN  IDENTIFIED.  
XxEhcz_EIHY-00014-00001134-00001404 COUNTY LAKE HAVE BEEN  IDENTIFIED. THE MAN IS 69-YEAR-OLD RONALD 
XxEhcz_EIHY-00015-00001404-00001411 IDENTIFIED. THE MAN IS 69-YEAR-OLD RONALD   
XxEhcz_EIHY-00016-00001411-00001668 IDENTIFIED. THE MAN IS 69-YEAR-OLD RONALD  REINHART AND THE BOAT OPERATOR 
XxEhcz_EIHY-00017-00001668-00001674 THE MAN IS 69-YEAR-OLD RONALD  REINHART AND THE BOAT OPERATOR   
XxEhcz_EIHY-00018-00001674-00002035 THE MAN IS 69-YEAR-OLD RONALD  REINHART AND THE BOAT OPERATOR  IS 67-YEAR-OLD JAMES BIFF-ULK OF
XxEhcz_EIHY-00019-00002035-00002042 REINHART AND THE BOAT OPERATOR  IS 67-YEAR-OLD JAMES BIFF-ULK OF  
XxEhcz_EIHY-00020-00002042-00002115 REINHART AND THE BOAT OPERATOR  IS 67-YEAR-OLD JAMES BIFF-ULK OF MAPLEWOOD, MINNESOTA.
XxEhcz_EIHY-00021-00002115-00002122 IS 67-YEAR-OLD JAMES BIFF-ULK OF MAPLEWOOD, MINNESOTA.  
XxEhcz_EIHY-00022-00002122-00002248 IS 67-YEAR-OLD JAMES BIFF-ULK OF MAPLEWOOD, MINNESOTA. THE TWO MEN WERE THROWN FROM 
XxEhcz_EIHY-00023-00002248-00002255 MAPLEWOOD, MINNESOTA. THE TWO MEN WERE THROWN FROM   
XxEhcz_EIHY-00024-00002255-00002612 MAPLEWOOD, MINNESOTA. THE TWO MEN WERE THROWN FROM  THEIR BOAT LAST TUESDAY.
XxEhcz_EIHY-00025-00002612-00002619 THE TWO MEN WERE THROWN FROM  THEIR BOAT LAST TUESDAY.  
XxEhcz_EIHY-00026-00002619-00002692 THE TWO MEN WERE THROWN FROM  THEIR BOAT LAST TUESDAY. SHERIFF TOM BIRCH SAYS THE BODY 
XxEhcz_EIHY-00027-00002692-00002699 THEIR BOAT LAST TUESDAY. SHERIFF TOM BIRCH SAYS THE BODY   
XxEhcz_EIHY-00028-00002699-00002982 THEIR BOAT LAST TUESDAY. SHERIFF TOM BIRCH SAYS THE BODY  OF REINHART WAS RECOVERED FROM 
XxEhcz_EIHY-00029-00002982-00002989 SHERIFF TOM BIRCH SAYS THE BODY  OF REINHART WAS RECOVERED FROM   
XxEhcz_EIHY-00030-00002989-00003166 SHERIFF TOM BIRCH SAYS THE BODY  OF REINHART WAS RECOVERED FROM  HAY LAKE LAST WEDNESDAY AROUND 
XxEhcz_EIHY-00031-00003166-00003173 OF REINHART WAS RECOVERED FROM  HAY LAKE LAST WEDNESDAY AROUND   
XxEhcz_EIHY-00032-00003173-00003303 OF REINHART WAS RECOVERED FROM  HAY LAKE LAST WEDNESDAY AROUND  4:20 IN THE AFTERNOON.
XxEhcz_EIHY-00033-00003303-00003309 HAY LAKE LAST WEDNESDAY AROUND  4:20 IN THE AFTERNOON.  
XxEhcz_EIHY-00034-00003309-00003496 HAY LAKE LAST WEDNESDAY AROUND  4:20 IN THE AFTERNOON. BIFF-ULK WAS TRANSPORTED TO THE 
XyER3TQrAjo-00000-00000012-00000554 Slaton had stopped weighing herself after her son Gage was born 11 months earlier, and
XyER3TQrAjo-00001-00000554-00000855 she discovers she's now 275 lbs.
XyER3TQrAjo-00002-00000855-00001301 Amy Slaton had two big goals in mind when she first started filming 1000-Lb.
XyER3TQrAjo-00003-00001301-00001776 Sisters: she wanted to lose a significant amount of weight, all so she could make her
XyER3TQrAjo-00004-00001776-00001992 dreams of becoming a mom come true.
XyER3TQrAjo-00005-00001992-00002395 And she was able to do both, though sooner than anyone expected.
XyER3TQrAjo-00006-00002395-00003014 After losing some of her 406 lbs. and qualifying for weight loss surgery, Slaton quickly got
XyER3TQrAjo-00007-00003014-00003532 pregnant and gave birth to her son Gage, she and her surgeon, Dr. Charles Procter, Jr.,
XyER3TQrAjo-00008-00003532-00003786 recall in this exclusive clip from Monday's episode.
XyER3TQrAjo-00009-00003786-00004387 "When I first met Amy, over two years ago, she weighed over 400 lbs., and one of her
XyER3TQrAjo-00010-00004387-00004914 goals in life, not only to get married, was to have a baby, and at that point it was impossible
XyER3TQrAjo-00011-00004914-00005138 for her," Procter says.
XyER3TQrAjo-00012-00005138-00005671 Now 11 months since Gage arrived, Slaton is back at Procter's office for a check-up and
XyER3TQrAjo-00013-00005671-00006012 she admits that Procter will likely be disappointed in how she's progressing.
XyER3TQrAjo-00014-00006012-00006452 "I'm kind of nervous, because I don't think I am where I'm supposed to be in my weight
XyER3TQrAjo-00015-00006452-00006629 loss goal," she says.
XyER3TQrAjo-00016-00006629-00007015 "I avoid the scale because then I'm focused on the number going down.
XyER3TQrAjo-00017-00007015-00007441 And if I see it going up, it's going to make me depressed and wanna eat more.
XyER3TQrAjo-00018-00007441-00007629 So it's best not to look at it."
XyER3TQrAjo-00019-00007629-00008081 Procter is first excited to meet Gage for the first time, explaining that "it is very
XyER3TQrAjo-00020-00008081-00008453 special when it is a goal for somebody to be able to get pregnant when they never could
XyER3TQrAjo-00021-00008453-00008553 before."
XyER3TQrAjo-00022-00008553-00008945 But then he turns the conversation to Slaton's weight loss and asks how she's been doing.
XyER3TQrAjo-00023-00008945-00009529 "I mean, for a while I was doing bad, but we were remodeling a new house, so, you know,
XyER3TQrAjo-00024-00009529-00010009 you can't cook at the new house, so you had to do take out," she tells Procter, adding
XyER3TQrAjo-00025-00010009-00010223 that she hasn't weighed herself "in a while."
XyER3TQrAjo-00026-00010223-00010856 "So, last time you were here, a little over a year ago, you weighed 288 lbs., right?"
XyER3TQrAjo-00027-00010856-00010956 Procter says.
XyER3TQrAjo-00028-00010956-00011072 "You were pregnant at that time.
XyER3TQrAjo-00029-00011072-00011263 Let's see where you are with things right now."
XyER3TQrAjo-00030-00011263-00011715 As Slaton steps on the scale, Procter explains in a separate interview that "getting pregnant
XyER3TQrAjo-00031-00011715-00012114 so early after her surgery with Gage really put a halt on her weight loss.
XyER3TQrAjo-00032-00012114-00012683 But since it's been 11 months since Gage's birth, I'm hoping that now, she's under 250
XyER3TQrAjo-00033-00012683-00012783 lbs."
XyER3TQrAjo-00034-00012783-00013343 Slaton is below her pregnancy weight of 288 lbs. but not near Procter's goal, coming in
XyER3TQrAjo-00035-00013343-00013569 at 275 lbs.
XyER3TQrAjo-00036-00013569-00013923 Procter says in a separate interview that he's disappointed with Slaton's progress.
XyER3TQrAjo-00037-00013923-00014329 "Surgery's no guarantee that somebody's going to not only lose the weight but keep the weight
XyER3TQrAjo-00038-00014329-00014594 off, and we've see that," he says.
XyER3TQrAjo-00039-00014594-00014976 "From what I'm seeing, she hasn't put any more effort back into her health.
XyER3TQrAjo-00040-00014976-00015122 We've pretty much stalled out at this point."
XzgepevRJKc-00000-00000928-00001535 >> Brandon Butler: I know it always take me a second to get this thing fired up and get your headphones on
XzgepevRJKc-00001-00001535-00002441 and all that good stuff so at say 2:02 we will begin and everybody my name is Brandon
XzgepevRJKc-00002-00002441-00003111 Butler I am the law and policy advisor to the Software Preservation Network, and I'm
XzgepevRJKc-00003-00003111-00003739 also the director of Information Policy here in beautiful University of Virginia, Charlottesville
XzgepevRJKc-00004-00003739-00003839 Virginia.
XzgepevRJKc-00005-00003839-00004460 Thank you all for joining us for today's webinar, in addition to the various titles I just described
XzgepevRJKc-00006-00004460-00004796 I'm also a member of the code of best practices research team.
XzgepevRJKc-00007-00004796-00005670 The project that were mainly going to be focusing on today, and we're really proud to bring
XzgepevRJKc-00008-00005670-00006348 to you today March 11th, the third episode in our seven part series of webinars exploring
XzgepevRJKc-00009-00006348-00006770 the fair use code and other legal tools for software preservation.
XzgepevRJKc-00010-00006770-00007406 Co-hosted by the Association of Research Libraries, and the Software Preservation Network.
XzgepevRJKc-00011-00007406-00008042 So just a little housekeeping before we get started, everyone but the hosts and guests
XzgepevRJKc-00012-00008042-00008554 will be muted throughout the webinar that helps make sure we have audio and visual quality
XzgepevRJKc-00013-00008554-00008929 that is nice for recording purposes and for everyone who's watching.
XzgepevRJKc-00014-00008929-00009505 If you have any questions during the presentation please just type them into the chat box in
XzgepevRJKc-00015-00009505-00010046 your Zoom control panel, you should be able to find the chat option somewhere in that
XzgepevRJKc-00016-00010046-00010264 interface that you're looking at.
XzgepevRJKc-00017-00010264-00010925 I'll bring up these questions during the presentation, and we'll have time for questions at the end.
XzgepevRJKc-00018-00010925-00011397 So I'll manage the questions don't worry about the questions they'll come through me and
XzgepevRJKc-00019-00011397-00012071 every episode is going to be recorded, transcribed and post it to the SPN website freely available
XzgepevRJKc-00020-00012071-00012554 for all to enjoy, so this recording is something that you can share with your friends when
XzgepevRJKc-00021-00012554-00012769 it's ready.
XzgepevRJKc-00022-00012769-00013454 Today we are presenting episode 3 Access within Organizations and Across Networks and our
XzgepevRJKc-00023-00013454-00014309 guests are Jonathan Farbowitz who is a fellow in the Conservation of Computer-Based Art
XzgepevRJKc-00024-00014309-00014895 at the Guggenheim Museum, he assists the Guggenheim's Conservation department in addressing the
XzgepevRJKc-00025-00014895-00015402 preservation needs of computer-based works in the Guggenheim's collection.
XzgepevRJKc-00026-00015402-00015959 Jonathan also supports the development of best practices for collecting and managing
XzgepevRJKc-00027-00015959-00016075 these kinds of artworks.
XzgepevRJKc-00028-00016075-00016831 Farbowitz which has worked on the restoration of Shu Lea Cheang’s Brandon (1998–1999)
XzgepevRJKc-00029-00016831-00017245 and John F. Simon Jr.’s Unfolding Object (2002).
XzgepevRJKc-00030-00017245-00018093 He holds an MA in Moving Archiving and Preservation from New York University as well as a BA from
XzgepevRJKc-00031-00018093-00018601 Vassar College and has previous experience in software development and testing.
XzgepevRJKc-00032-00018601-00018898 Our next guest today is Euan Cochrane.
XzgepevRJKc-00033-00018898-00019462 Euan is the Digital Preservation Manager at Yale University Library where he leads a team
XzgepevRJKc-00034-00019462-00019968 that preserves digital assets from across the libraries, archives and museums on campus.
XzgepevRJKc-00035-00019968-00020584 He is also the primary investigator on the EaaSI program of work and has been an emulation
XzgepevRJKc-00036-00020584-00021345 advocate and user since the mid-1990s when he was active in the Amiga emulation scene.
XzgepevRJKc-00037-00021345-00021926 I was at that time active in the Bulletin board system debates about rock music scene.
XzgepevRJKc-00038-00021926-00022506 Your research leads and facilitators for this episode are Krista Cox who is the director
XzgepevRJKc-00039-00022506-00023013 of Public Policy Initiatives at the Association of Research Libraries and Krista is joined
XzgepevRJKc-00040-00023013-00023565 by Peter Jaszi Professor Emeritus at American University Washington College of Law.
XzgepevRJKc-00041-00023565-00023988 Professor Jaszi is one of the originators of the fair use best practices movement and
XzgepevRJKc-00042-00023988-00024485 as a co-author of the Software Preservation Code of Best Practices along with myself,
XzgepevRJKc-00043-00024485-00024868 Pat Aufderheide and Peter’s co-host Krista Cox.
XzgepevRJKc-00044-00024868-00025404 So in this episode Krista, Peter, Jonathan, and Euan are going to discuss how fair use
XzgepevRJKc-00045-00025404-00025918 enables institutions to provide access to software for use in research, teaching and
XzgepevRJKc-00046-00025918-00026589 learning purposes while minimizing any negative impact on ordinary commercial interests of
XzgepevRJKc-00047-00026589-00027256 our software friends and maximizing research possibilities for the people who need our
XzgepevRJKc-00048-00027256-00027356 institution.
XzgepevRJKc-00049-00027356-00027691 And we're also going to talk about going beyond one institution to provide broader network
XzgepevRJKc-00050-00027691-00028252 to access to software, maintained and shared across multiple institutions.
XzgepevRJKc-00051-00028252-00028833 So you'll hear a little bit about those two principles from Krista and Peter and then
XzgepevRJKc-00052-00028833-00029339 you'll hear some experiences in the field from Jonathan and Euan and then we'll have
XzgepevRJKc-00053-00029339-00029942 time for those four folks to have a discussion amongst themselves as well as some questions
XzgepevRJKc-00054-00029942-00030137 and answers from you all.
XzgepevRJKc-00055-00030137-00031029 So without any further ado let me just make sure I have the chat window visible to me,
XzgepevRJKc-00056-00031029-00031487 so I can moderate your chat and again drop your questions in the chat any time and I'll
XzgepevRJKc-00057-00031487-00032093 keep track of them and I'll turn the keys over to Krista and Peter.
XzgepevRJKc-00058-00032093-00033002 >> Krista Cox: Thanks so much Brandon and thank you to our guest Euan and Jonathan for joining us today.
XzgepevRJKc-00059-00033002-00033528 As Brandon explained we're going to be discussing a high-level overview of scenarios three and
XzgepevRJKc-00060-00033528-00033685 four from the code.
XzgepevRJKc-00061-00033685-00034483 If you were able to join us in our previous webinar episodes, first we gave a very high-level
XzgepevRJKc-00062-00034483-00035171 overview of the code itself as well as these Codes of Best Practices and last week we talked
XzgepevRJKc-00063-00035171-00035775 about scenarios one and two, which were really about preservation, about collecting and stabilizing
XzgepevRJKc-00064-00035775-00036387 and evaluating the legacy software and documenting that in its operation.
XzgepevRJKc-00065-00036387-00036903 Today we're going to be talking about the two scenarios of the code that deal with the
XzgepevRJKc-00066-00036903-00037543 other half of the mission of cultural heritage institutions mainly about access.
XzgepevRJKc-00067-00037543-00037994 So the scenario that I'm going to give a brief overview on is providing access [inaudible]
XzgepevRJKc-00068-00037994-00038250 for use in research, teaching and learning.
XzgepevRJKc-00069-00038250-00038802 Of course, it's important to remember that this code is really about access to legacy
XzgepevRJKc-00070-00038802-00039923 software, and we're talking in this scenario about providing access using on-site physical
XzgepevRJKc-00071-00039923-00040334 terminals or remotely accessible online technologies such as emulation.
XzgepevRJKc-00072-00040334-00040960 Because otherwise if we were providing access to the original media and hardware that could
XzgepevRJKc-00073-00040960-00041442 place those resources at risk, because these are often older materials, and we don't want
XzgepevRJKc-00074-00041442-00041904 to see those deteriorate or become lost.
XzgepevRJKc-00075-00041904-00042646 And with these on-site physical terminals or remote access technologies were able to
XzgepevRJKc-00076-00042646-00043315 provide them perhaps to a broader range of people without creating these limits that
XzgepevRJKc-00077-00043315-00043511 the original media might have.
XzgepevRJKc-00078-00043511-00044156 The other reasons we're providing access in these ways is it allows for interoperable
XzgepevRJKc-00079-00044156-00045100 programs to be run together and while some commercial vendors have created rendering
XzgepevRJKc-00080-00045100-00045912 tools, sometimes they don't faithfully represent how those objects originally ran or looked
XzgepevRJKc-00081-00045912-00046230 in the now-obsolete formats.
XzgepevRJKc-00082-00046230-00046950 So this is really about providing access to the legacy software that is preserved and
XzgepevRJKc-00083-00046950-00047632 being made available for research and study and teaching and learning.
XzgepevRJKc-00084-00047632-00048322 So fair use applies to providing controlled access to software and support of research,
XzgepevRJKc-00085-00048322-00048445 teaching and learning.
XzgepevRJKc-00086-00048445-00049360 Like all of the scenarios we heard about limitations that strengthened the case for fair use, so
XzgepevRJKc-00087-00049360-00049721 if we could go to the next slide covering limitations.
XzgepevRJKc-00088-00049721-00050287 So these are the limitations that apply to scenario three the first one of course is
XzgepevRJKc-00089-00050287-00050784 that individuals granted access to collection software should be notified that access is
XzgepevRJKc-00090-00050784-00051257 provided for teaching or research purposes, and they personally are responsible for ensuring
XzgepevRJKc-00091-00051257-00051699 that any further uses are lawful.
XzgepevRJKc-00092-00051699-00052269 Member institutions do the same thing for example when providing access to a photocopier,
XzgepevRJKc-00093-00052269-00052712 we want to make sure that the individuals that are using it that they are responsible
XzgepevRJKc-00094-00052712-00053199 for making sure that they're making lawful uses when they access the software.
XzgepevRJKc-00095-00053199-00053707 The second limitation is where a preservation institution intends to provide only controlled
XzgepevRJKc-00096-00053707-00054124 access, it should take appropriate measures to limit the possibility of users copying
XzgepevRJKc-00097-00054124-00054710 or otherwise retaining that software, so if you're providing it on a on-site physical
XzgepevRJKc-00098-00054710-00055375 terminal if the intention is to keep it limited you don't want the users to be able to download
XzgepevRJKc-00099-00055375-00055475 it.
XzgepevRJKc-00100-00055475-00056131 And then the third one is access to commercially available software should be restricted to
XzgepevRJKc-00101-00056131-00056829 minimize impact on ordinary commercial sales, for example, it might be enabled on a case-by-case
XzgepevRJKc-00102-00056829-00057339 basis for limited purposes that are not served by commercial offerings such as data verification
XzgepevRJKc-00103-00057339-00057813 and reproducibility studies subject to the user's affirmative agreement to reasonable
XzgepevRJKc-00104-00057813-00057969 terms and conditions.
XzgepevRJKc-00105-00057969-00058480 We give another example another approach could be to limit access to commercially available
XzgepevRJKc-00106-00058480-00058916 software to local terminals that limit how the software can be used or copied, because
XzgepevRJKc-00107-00058916-00059847 of course an important part of fair use the fourth factor is the impact on the market.
XzgepevRJKc-00108-00059847-00060708 So this limitation is intended to minimize that impact on the market for commercial sales.
XzgepevRJKc-00109-00060708-00061442 So that is scenario three I'll turn it over now to Peter to describe scenario four.
XzgepevRJKc-00110-00061442-00061624 >> Peter Jaszi: Great.
XzgepevRJKc-00111-00061624-00062666 Thank you Krista, I thought I'd start by talking just a tiny bit about the methodology by which
XzgepevRJKc-00112-00062666-00063336 this Code of Best Practices was developed as we've mentioned in previous sessions the
XzgepevRJKc-00113-00063336-00063925 first thing that the [inaudible] did was to talk to a lot of people who are active in
XzgepevRJKc-00114-00063925-00064477 the field, including many of you to find out what their concerns were.
XzgepevRJKc-00115-00064477-00065204 What the recurrence situations in which they found that they were bumping up or at least
XzgepevRJKc-00116-00065204-00065880 rubbing up against real or perceived copyright problems were like.
XzgepevRJKc-00117-00065880-00066737 And the results of that interview phase are summarized in the first report that we issued
XzgepevRJKc-00118-00066737-00067493 that is on ARL website, and other places and maybe we can put a link to it up in the chat
XzgepevRJKc-00119-00067493-00067702 now.
XzgepevRJKc-00120-00067702-00068472 Then we went ahead and having distilled with all that information into a set of recurrent
XzgepevRJKc-00121-00068472-00068860 situations, things that seemed to come up again and again.
XzgepevRJKc-00122-00068860-00069630 We convened the small discussion groups around the country which we mentioned, again, in
XzgepevRJKc-00123-00069630-00070213 which some of you were generous enough to participate and tried to work out consensus
XzgepevRJKc-00124-00070213-00070856 ideas about what made sense as good practice in each of those situations.
XzgepevRJKc-00125-00070856-00071594 One of the things we heard about again and again from the first day of our activities
XzgepevRJKc-00126-00071594-00072836 literally was the promise and problem, if you will, of shared emulation tools.
XzgepevRJKc-00127-00072836-00073595 Obviously emulation has its limitations as a tool but it's enormously powerful and at
XzgepevRJKc-00128-00073595-00074499 the same time when you have many institutions working in the field, each with its own specializations,
XzgepevRJKc-00129-00074499-00075655 each with its own collection there's a risk of both duplication and lack of access in
XzgepevRJKc-00130-00075655-00076267 the community as a whole to a full range of emulation tools.
XzgepevRJKc-00131-00076267-00077242 So almost from the beginning we heard about the project of doing emulation as a service,
XzgepevRJKc-00132-00077242-00077942 and I would say that of all of the initiatives in the field, which we had a chance to talk
XzgepevRJKc-00133-00077942-00078695 with you experts about, this is probably the one that rang at least initially the largest
XzgepevRJKc-00134-00078695-00079227 number of copyright bells so to speak.
XzgepevRJKc-00135-00079227-00080005 So we were very hopeful that in the consensus building part of our project we could address
XzgepevRJKc-00136-00080005-00081020 it successfully in a way that would responsibly enable the potential power of this solution.
XzgepevRJKc-00137-00081020-00082141 And in a different hearing in our discussions a lot about how promising and important emulation
XzgepevRJKc-00138-00082141-00082839 was, about how essential it was to enable communities of institutions working in different
XzgepevRJKc-00139-00082839-00083450 parts of the software preservation field to share emulation software.
XzgepevRJKc-00140-00083450-00084022 We also heard and this is something that Krista has just adverted to, real concern expressed
XzgepevRJKc-00141-00084022-00084980 about doing this as was true of all of the initiatives we discussed in a way that was
XzgepevRJKc-00142-00084980-00085814 respectful of existing, functioning commercial software markets.
XzgepevRJKc-00143-00085814-00086619 And that sensitivity, which was widely shared among those who were willing to work with
XzgepevRJKc-00144-00086619-00087344 us at both stages of our project, grew perhaps partly out of some understanding of the importance
XzgepevRJKc-00145-00087344-00088002 of market factors in fair use analysis as Krista has suggested, it also grew I think
XzgepevRJKc-00146-00088002-00088633 about it out of a genuine in-dwelling sense on the part of people who work in software
XzgepevRJKc-00147-00088633-00088775 preservation.
XzgepevRJKc-00148-00088775-00089524 That their mission should be consistent with rather than in conflict with the mission of
XzgepevRJKc-00149-00089524-00090123 both the individual and corporate software developers.
XzgepevRJKc-00150-00090123-00090652 So that turned it out to be a big part of what we thought about in connection with both
XzgepevRJKc-00151-00090652-00091561 principle 3 as Krista has described and principle 4 and we think and hope that it's well reflected
XzgepevRJKc-00152-00091561-00091757 in the results.
XzgepevRJKc-00153-00091757-00092718 The most important thing that I would say to you about this principle or situation number
XzgepevRJKc-00154-00092718-00093598 four is in addition what is on the next slide, and I guess we can move to that now I would
XzgepevRJKc-00155-00093598-00094531 urge you in addition to looking at the slide information to have a look back at the Code
XzgepevRJKc-00156-00094531-00095220 of Best Practice as itself as we gave you a link to it at the beginning of this webinar
XzgepevRJKc-00157-00095220-00096176 session and to look carefully at the description of the situation, that precedes the principle
XzgepevRJKc-00158-00096176-00097047 as you've just seen it, and these limitations about which I'm going to speak in a moment.
XzgepevRJKc-00159-00097047-00097756 This is I think a particularly important part of the code because as our discussions developed
XzgepevRJKc-00160-00097756-00098456 it was very clear to us that everyone who was working with us in the small groups was
XzgepevRJKc-00161-00098456-00099426 thinking of providing emulation software to students, researchers and others online as
XzgepevRJKc-00162-00099426-00100074 a cooperative, a collective consortial activity.
XzgepevRJKc-00163-00100074-00100766 And so we have described this activity in those terms in the code because they were
XzgepevRJKc-00164-00100766-00101543 the terms in which the groups with which we were speaking about it conceived of it and
XzgepevRJKc-00165-00101543-00102399 that description, that conceptualization is in turn directly reflected in the four limitations
XzgepevRJKc-00166-00102399-00102788 that you see on the screen before you.
XzgepevRJKc-00167-00102788-00103493 And it's obvious in the first of those, which assumes the existence of some kind of consortial
XzgepevRJKc-00168-00103493-00104363 framework in which the sharing of emulation tools is going to take place.
XzgepevRJKc-00169-00104363-00105132 If it worked for that assumption then discussions of MOU and the like wouldn't make any sense,
XzgepevRJKc-00170-00105132-00105632 it is in the context of that assumption that we think they do.
XzgepevRJKc-00171-00105632-00106321 Another thing that we were told at every stage of the discussion was that although consortial
XzgepevRJKc-00172-00106321-00107016 arrangements were the way to go, in terms of making special emulation software more
XzgepevRJKc-00173-00107016-00107820 available to a wider range of teachers, scholars, researchers and others this had to be done,
XzgepevRJKc-00174-00107820-00108507 in terms of our prescriptions about fair use, in ways that were sensitive to the fact that
XzgepevRJKc-00175-00108507-00109075 in any consortium there are going to be different kinds of institutions, with different collections,
XzgepevRJKc-00176-00109075-00109516 different resources and different values.
XzgepevRJKc-00177-00109516-00109965 And so all of these limitations are cast with that assumption in mind.
XzgepevRJKc-00178-00109965-00110985 None of them as you can see recommends a particular set of practices that will be governing or
XzgepevRJKc-00179-00110985-00111571 binding on every institution in any particular consortium.
XzgepevRJKc-00180-00111571-00112460 All of them instead recommend objectives that the practices that consortia will devise and
XzgepevRJKc-00181-00112460-00112895 implement within themselves should be designed to achieve.
XzgepevRJKc-00182-00112895-00113759 And the first of those goals is reflected in limitation B that is policies should be
XzgepevRJKc-00183-00113759-00115090 put in place about how to extend the reach of collection material within a given institution
XzgepevRJKc-00184-00115090-00115538 but beyond the physical reading room.
XzgepevRJKc-00185-00115538-00116706 And then again in limitation C, cooperative or consortial arrangement to share emulation
XzgepevRJKc-00186-00116706-00117770 tools should get together and talk about who is included and who is excluded potentially
XzgepevRJKc-00187-00117770-00118785 from such arrangements and create mechanisms that will assure that non-affiliated scholars
XzgepevRJKc-00188-00118785-00119508 have a way into the richness that these consortial repositories of software and in particular
XzgepevRJKc-00189-00119508-00119901 of emulation tools will create.
XzgepevRJKc-00190-00119901-00120534 And then finally and again there are many ways to do this just as there are many ways
XzgepevRJKc-00191-00120534-00121577 to accomplish the goals that are stated in B and C above, finally and as was true of
XzgepevRJKc-00192-00121577-00122165 every element of this list of limitations, so it is true here that the level of consensus
XzgepevRJKc-00193-00122165-00123127 within our small groups about this proposition was extremely high and extremely consistent.
XzgepevRJKc-00194-00123127-00124180 That is, if one is going to be putting material online for use by institutional affiliates
XzgepevRJKc-00195-00124180-00124920 and under supervision also by non-affiliated researchers it's really important to give
XzgepevRJKc-00196-00124920-00125691 rights alters, a mechanism by which if they see something going on which they think constitutes
XzgepevRJKc-00197-00125691-00126679 a meaningful challenge to their zone of exclusivity they can say so.
XzgepevRJKc-00198-00126679-00127135 This is not, and I want to repeat, not a take down policy.
XzgepevRJKc-00199-00127135-00127665 We're not recommending that institutions or consortial that are going to share material
XzgepevRJKc-00200-00127665-00128314 online set up hard and fast rules that say that in the event of receiving any complaint
XzgepevRJKc-00201-00128314-00128811 from a rights holder they will immediately do x, y or z.
XzgepevRJKc-00202-00128811-00129928 Rather the strongly recommended policy here is to create an easy, transparent mechanism
XzgepevRJKc-00203-00129928-00130775 by which concerns and I suppose also conceivably, if it were to come to pass, complaints could
XzgepevRJKc-00204-00130775-00130936 be registered.
XzgepevRJKc-00205-00130936-00131619 That they can then be processed some will be legitimate, some will not, but the tool,
XzgepevRJKc-00206-00131619-00132028 the channel, the conduit is essential.
XzgepevRJKc-00207-00132028-00132959 So I think I'll stop there turn it back over to Brandon and then I'll look forward to trying
XzgepevRJKc-00208-00132959-00133804 to answer with Krista and others of the team, any questions you may have about these extremely
XzgepevRJKc-00209-00133804-00134662 important, I might even argue the most important principles of the Code of Best Practices.
XzgepevRJKc-00210-00134662-00135371 >> Brandon Butler: Great, thanks Peter and so let's see we're not quite ready for questions yet let's go
XzgepevRJKc-00211-00135371-00135803 to I have Euan next on my agenda.
XzgepevRJKc-00212-00135803-00136349 So Euan I'm going to stop sharing my screen and you can start sharing yours if that works.
XzgepevRJKc-00213-00136349-00136449 >> Euan Cochrane: That's good.
XzgepevRJKc-00214-00136449-00136949 Thank You Brendan and thank you Peter I will just start sharing here.
XzgepevRJKc-00215-00136949-00137206 Can you all see that?
XzgepevRJKc-00216-00137206-00137325 >> Brandon Butler: Yeah, that looks good.
XzgepevRJKc-00217-00137325-00137801 >> Euan Cochrane: Okay what I'm going to do I'm going to try, and not take up too much time here because
XzgepevRJKc-00218-00137801-00138274 I'm conscious that it'll be great to have some good discussion I'm going to show a few
XzgepevRJKc-00219-00138274-00139295 examples of how we can use the rights described in the fair use code to ensure that we can
XzgepevRJKc-00220-00139295-00139854 still access old content that has software dependency or that we can interact with it
XzgepevRJKc-00221-00139854-00139972 or what have you.
XzgepevRJKc-00222-00139972-00140462 So I'll start just by showing a few examples this is some research I did when I was at
XzgepevRJKc-00223-00140462-00141192 Archives New Zealand where we opened old digital files in the original software then in modern
XzgepevRJKc-00224-00141192-00141537 software and then in emulated versions of the original.
XzgepevRJKc-00225-00141537-00142124 And we compared the differences we had a very large survey type tool where some students
XzgepevRJKc-00226-00142124-00142471 were going through an open environment and checking off all these different things that
XzgepevRJKc-00227-00142471-00142987 might have changed, and we found quite a lot of somewhat dramatic differences, and we open
XzgepevRJKc-00228-00142987-00143403 things in modern software versus the original.
XzgepevRJKc-00229-00143403-00144063 For this particular example it's a Microsoft Works document and here it is an office well
XzgepevRJKc-00230-00144063-00144524 Word 2012 the latest version of Word.
XzgepevRJKc-00231-00144524-00145130 You can see really it's a miss but also once you get down to the actual poem that's in
XzgepevRJKc-00232-00145130-00145716 here the poem still here but when you open in modern software this chunk of text is added.
XzgepevRJKc-00233-00145716-00146055 Of course, all the word counts as you can see down the bottom left here and the page
XzgepevRJKc-00234-00146055-00146644 link there's also if you want to cite something in here it would be purely problematic, but
XzgepevRJKc-00235-00146644-00147211 this uncovering of the text here is particularly alarming and what it points to is that we
XzgepevRJKc-00236-00147211-00147892 really want to be able to open the born-digital objects in the original software.
XzgepevRJKc-00237-00147892-00148530 There are a few more examples in this research data type ones, this one here was interesting
XzgepevRJKc-00238-00148530-00149497 a WordPerfect file where this is the original in WordPerfect 5.1 for Windows 3.11 and then
XzgepevRJKc-00239-00149497-00150208 this is the same file Open Office 2007 interestingly the new software interpreted the formatting
XzgepevRJKc-00240-00150208-00150571 information to put a private tag around the title here.
XzgepevRJKc-00241-00150571-00151062 Which really changes your interpretation of the thing and if this were a piece of evidence
XzgepevRJKc-00242-00151062-00151653 you might treat it quite differently if you saw this private on there than if it wasn't
XzgepevRJKc-00243-00151653-00152066 there and it was not there in the original, and it's just using the wrong software to
XzgepevRJKc-00244-00152066-00152194 open the object.
XzgepevRJKc-00245-00152194-00152623 So if you're doing research on born-digital archives I would say that we always definitely
XzgepevRJKc-00246-00152623-00153167 want to have the option for every born-digital object to be able to open it in the original
XzgepevRJKc-00247-00153167-00153495 interaction environment.
XzgepevRJKc-00248-00153495-00154169 And we can now do that with, let's see if I can move this yes, with emulation as a service.
XzgepevRJKc-00249-00154169-00154889 So emulation as a service is a tool set that I've been working on with the University of
XzgepevRJKc-00250-00154889-00155225 Freiburg for quite a few years and they're the lead developers of this and what it allows
XzgepevRJKc-00251-00155225-00155784 you to do is run emulators which simulate all the computers and install software on
XzgepevRJKc-00252-00155784-00156323 them and then access those emulated old computers for our web browser.
XzgepevRJKc-00253-00156323-00156965 So here's an example of what we want to move towards with accessing born-digital objects
XzgepevRJKc-00254-00156965-00157562 where you click a link and it automatically opens the appropriate software with that file
XzgepevRJKc-00255-00157562-00157662 open within it.
XzgepevRJKc-00256-00157662-00158151 So, we're seeing Windows 98 load and we should see Microsoft Works load that same file we
XzgepevRJKc-00257-00158151-00158786 just saw in the more recent version of Microsoft Word.
XzgepevRJKc-00258-00158786-00159494 Here we go and particularly important to point out is that we're then able to interact with
XzgepevRJKc-00259-00159494-00159594 it.
XzgepevRJKc-00260-00159594-00160022 Digital objects particularly born- digital objects are interactive having a printout
XzgepevRJKc-00261-00160022-00160378 of many of these things especially things like Spreadsheets is not enough.
XzgepevRJKc-00262-00160378-00160938 We need to be able to go in and look at things like embedded metadata, look at Spreadsheet
XzgepevRJKc-00263-00160938-00161392 formulas and everything and do anything you might have been able to do with the original
XzgepevRJKc-00264-00161392-00161492 software.
XzgepevRJKc-00265-00161492-00161860 Just to see also what it was like for the original creator in creating these things.
XzgepevRJKc-00266-00161860-00162358 So you can see this is now interactive I can go through and make changes and fortunately
XzgepevRJKc-00267-00162358-00162922 with emulation as a service we can also restrict various functionality, so when this environment
XzgepevRJKc-00268-00162922-00163437 is shutdown if I click stop here if I click that link again it would re-load exactly the
XzgepevRJKc-00269-00163437-00163764 same as it was before with no changes.
XzgepevRJKc-00270-00163764-00164255 So that's an example of being able to open a born-digital object and interact with it
XzgepevRJKc-00271-00164255-00164361 using the original software.
XzgepevRJKc-00272-00164361-00165108 I wrote a blog post which the link to this should be shared in the notes, about designing
XzgepevRJKc-00273-00165108-00165570 what we're calling a Universal Virtual Interactive which is basically the functionality you just
XzgepevRJKc-00274-00165570-00165670 saw.
XzgepevRJKc-00275-00165670-00166036 Where you could click a file and open it in the original software in your web browser.
XzgepevRJKc-00276-00166036-00166771 There's a lot of work that goes into developing this, for example we need to set up an environment
XzgepevRJKc-00277-00166771-00167305 which means a virtual computer that's running every piece of software out there that we
XzgepevRJKc-00278-00167305-00167660 might want to use, to be able to interact with the file and we need to document each
XzgepevRJKc-00279-00167660-00168113 of those environments very thoroughly in order to automate this process that's outlined in
XzgepevRJKc-00280-00168113-00168268 this blog post.
XzgepevRJKc-00281-00168268-00168756 All of that work is really time consuming and somewhat costly but it'll only needs to
XzgepevRJKc-00282-00168756-00169613 be done once and this then relates to the section for I believe of the use code.
XzgepevRJKc-00283-00169613-00170544 By outlining that under fair use we're able to share these environments, these working
XzgepevRJKc-00284-00170544-00171008 computers they have the software pre-configured on them amongst consortia of organizations.
XzgepevRJKc-00285-00171008-00171416 It means that everyone can benefit from the work that one organization does to configure
XzgepevRJKc-00286-00171416-00172010 and document an environment and add it to a UVI like this or just add it to a shared
XzgepevRJKc-00287-00172010-00172493 pool that others can then use, add their content to and re-enable access and interaction with
XzgepevRJKc-00288-00172493-00172662 that old object.
XzgepevRJKc-00289-00172662-00173026 There's all sorts of object because pretty much anything going digital this would apply
XzgepevRJKc-00290-00173026-00173456 to including things like email archives where you might want to open in the original like
XzgepevRJKc-00291-00173456-00174125 in a PST file an email archive in the original outlook and have the other applications there.
XzgepevRJKc-00292-00174125-00174598 Which is another point to make that often we want to be able to use multiple applications
XzgepevRJKc-00293-00174598-00175037 in the same environment because there are multiple dependencies for a particular object.
XzgepevRJKc-00294-00175037-00175709 I'll show you one more example here which is some research data that's associated with
XzgepevRJKc-00295-00175709-00176426 this study that was done by these folks here and it's archived in the Institute for Social
XzgepevRJKc-00296-00176426-00176660 Policy Studies data archive here at Yale.
XzgepevRJKc-00297-00176660-00177574 If I go over here we have downloaded all the files that are at the bottom of the page here
XzgepevRJKc-00298-00177574-00178045 and attach them to an environment that includes all of the software dependencies, so it includes
XzgepevRJKc-00299-00178045-00179062 Stata, [inaudible] Excel and an PDF reader and what's really good about this is if you're
XzgepevRJKc-00300-00179062-00179509 a scientist and you wanted to reproduce the outputs that are published with that study,
XzgepevRJKc-00301-00179509-00180160 you can go and load up this environment we run the code in Stata and see that it does
XzgepevRJKc-00302-00180160-00180455 produce the exact same output and you might want to tweak that code.
XzgepevRJKc-00303-00180455-00180938 Well you might eventually want to add some different data to it and rerun it and by having
XzgepevRJKc-00304-00180938-00181356 a software all there packaged up and really go in your browser you're able to reproduce
XzgepevRJKc-00305-00181356-00181980 it very easily without much effort at all and of course once we set up this one environment
XzgepevRJKc-00306-00181980-00182659 with all those dependencies ... there goes the operating system startup sound but once
XzgepevRJKc-00307-00182659-00183106 we set up this environment with all dependencies we can then share that and reuse it for all
XzgepevRJKc-00308-00183106-00183442 of the other publications that have the same dependencies.
XzgepevRJKc-00309-00183442-00184263 So I'm opening up the Stata Do-file and it's starting to run what we'll find is the output
XzgepevRJKc-00310-00184263-00184719 is already in there so it'll give us an error saying it can't write to the output once it
XzgepevRJKc-00311-00184719-00184859 gets to the end of this.
XzgepevRJKc-00312-00184859-00185381 But you can see that it's redoing, it's rewriting that code and reproducing the same results
XzgepevRJKc-00313-00185381-00185721 as it did previously, let's see the file already exists.
XzgepevRJKc-00314-00185721-00186251 But as well as looking in there we can say open up this Excel file, we can look at the
XzgepevRJKc-00315-00186251-00186407 documentation that's in this PDF.
XzgepevRJKc-00316-00186407-00186864 It's all there all the dependencies are there in a single environment you don't need to
XzgepevRJKc-00317-00186864-00187018 move out of this space.
XzgepevRJKc-00318-00187018-00187379 This must have been a big Excel file.
XzgepevRJKc-00319-00187379-00188351 All right so the one other thing that we're doing one more example I'll show actually
XzgepevRJKc-00320-00188351-00189030 is we've been imaging all the CD-ROMs in our general collections.
XzgepevRJKc-00321-00189030-00189560 CD-ROMs publications that many other libraries also have a copy of and we're attaching them
XzgepevRJKc-00322-00189560-00190027 to dedicated environments and configuring any software that's on there.
XzgepevRJKc-00323-00190027-00190862 Here's an example but what we do after that then is we put a link in our catalog to these
XzgepevRJKc-00324-00190862-00191439 landing pages and the landing page has all the information, all the interaction buttons
XzgepevRJKc-00325-00191439-00192186 that a user would need but basically it automatically loads into the environment and you'll see
XzgepevRJKc-00326-00192186-00193914 the software in this case are usually a UN publication about land mines [inaudible] it
XzgepevRJKc-00327-00193914-00194332 loads automatically so the user can interact with it like they would have originally and
XzgepevRJKc-00328-00194332-00194748 for anyone that might be doing any research in study UN or land mines or anything to do
XzgepevRJKc-00329-00194748-00194848 with this.
XzgepevRJKc-00330-00194848-00195326 Being able to re-access this thing which does not work on modern operating systems it's
XzgepevRJKc-00331-00195326-00195781 just invaluable but I think a couple of important aspects to the technology behind this that
XzgepevRJKc-00332-00195781-00195881 I should point out.
XzgepevRJKc-00333-00195881-00196398 One is that the way emulation works we're able to for each of these objects assign a
XzgepevRJKc-00334-00196398-00196864 limit to how many instances can be run concurrently.
XzgepevRJKc-00335-00196864-00197285 So with the CD-ROMs what we're doing is we're saying we have one copy so only one person
XzgepevRJKc-00336-00197285-00197408 can use this at a time.
XzgepevRJKc-00337-00197408-00197795 As soon as they're done it'll be freed up and the next person can start using it.
XzgepevRJKc-00338-00197795-00198236 We can do that for any objects in the system and there are a bunch of other different types
XzgepevRJKc-00339-00198236-00198746 of restrictions we can implement, so here we can choose to turn on or off the ability
XzgepevRJKc-00340-00198746-00198933 to print from an environment.
XzgepevRJKc-00341-00198933-00199346 We can turn on or off internet access and we can turn on or off the ability to add your
XzgepevRJKc-00342-00199346-00199767 own files to interact within that software.
XzgepevRJKc-00343-00199767-00200247 By doing that we're limiting the ability for people to use this old software in a kind
XzgepevRJKc-00344-00200247-00200840 of production basis and making sure that they do go and buy these new versions of software
XzgepevRJKc-00345-00200840-00201207 if they're actually using it for business purposes.
XzgepevRJKc-00346-00201207-00201609 Because they won't be able to do the kind of things that they want to do if they were
XzgepevRJKc-00347-00201609-00202148 using it on an operational basis such as add content or download results of changes you've
XzgepevRJKc-00348-00202148-00202295 made to content.
XzgepevRJKc-00349-00202295-00202825 In addition, in an archival setting things like being able to turn on or off printing
XzgepevRJKc-00350-00202825-00203374 enable us to restrict how much access users get to the content itself, so at worst they
XzgepevRJKc-00351-00203374-00203929 could take a screenshot but aside from that they can't necessarily unless we allow them
XzgepevRJKc-00352-00203929-00204375 take any content out of these environments including the software itself.
XzgepevRJKc-00353-00204375-00204986 Which is important and something that's covered as we heard just before and the fair use guidelines
XzgepevRJKc-00354-00204986-00205456 and that's partly been informed by the fact that we can technologically re-do these things
XzgepevRJKc-00355-00205456-00205954 using this emulation as a service software.
XzgepevRJKc-00356-00205954-00206400 Did I have anything else?
XzgepevRJKc-00357-00206400-00206755 So one more thing quickly to point out is what you're seeing in here is the more recent
XzgepevRJKc-00358-00206755-00207217 version of emulation as a service or the software that's being built as part of the EaaSI program
XzgepevRJKc-00359-00207217-00207733 of work which allows us to have an instant emulation of the service where we keep some
XzgepevRJKc-00360-00207733-00208255 environments private we can then choose to if you click through publish an environment
XzgepevRJKc-00361-00208255-00208511 and that puts them as public area.
XzgepevRJKc-00362-00208511-00209048 The things in the public area are then shared to anybody that's networked in the emulation
XzgepevRJKc-00363-00209048-00209605 of the service infrastructure program to our node and they can choose to replicate it.
XzgepevRJKc-00364-00209605-00210190 So here we're seeing two environments that are at a remote node I can go to the details
XzgepevRJKc-00365-00210190-00210832 and replicate it locally that'll move it into the public area on our node.
XzgepevRJKc-00366-00210832-00211262 That means that we can do a lot of work configuring environments and then we can share them with
XzgepevRJKc-00367-00211262-00211975 anyone else is participating in this network of nodes and it saves an awful lot of time
XzgepevRJKc-00368-00211975-00212442 and awful lot of effort for everybody involved and we're making quite a lot of progress with
XzgepevRJKc-00369-00212442-00212828 that at the moment and I'm hoping to give you more updates on that in future months.
XzgepevRJKc-00370-00212828-00213569 All right I think that's all I had, of course I’ll be happy to answer questions.
XzgepevRJKc-00371-00213569-00214341 >> Brandon Butler: Excellent, awesome thank you Euan and so now Jonathan if you want to take over if you-
XzgepevRJKc-00372-00214341-00214694 >> Jonathan F.: Sure, let me just unmute everything.
XzgepevRJKc-00373-00214694-00214966 Can you all see me?
XzgepevRJKc-00374-00214966-00215127 >> Brandon Butler: Yes.
XzgepevRJKc-00375-00215127-00215830 >> Jonathan F.: Okay, so thank you Euan and thank you everyone for having me.
XzgepevRJKc-00376-00215830-00216383 I'm Jonathan Farbowitz I'm the Guggenheim's Fellow in the Conservation of Computer-Based
XzgepevRJKc-00377-00216383-00216992 Art and what you're seeing behind me this is the Guggenheim's media conservation lab
XzgepevRJKc-00378-00216992-00217776 so this is where we deal with time-based media artworks which could include films, video
XzgepevRJKc-00379-00217776-00218285 art, audio and of course software-based art.
XzgepevRJKc-00380-00218285-00219194 So I'm going to share my screen strange I don't oh here we go okay.
XzgepevRJKc-00381-00219194-00220044 So I'm going to share my browser with you and so my fellowship is part of this larger
XzgepevRJKc-00382-00220044-00220802 initiative called the Conserving Computer-Based Art Initiative and this is one of the blog
XzgepevRJKc-00383-00220802-00220973 posts that was written about it.
XzgepevRJKc-00384-00220973-00221943 So as part of my fellowship I was tasked in dealing with what are now 26 computer-based
XzgepevRJKc-00385-00221943-00222723 works in the Guggenheim's collection and so we have a variety of different preservation
XzgepevRJKc-00386-00222723-00223011 strategies for these works.
XzgepevRJKc-00387-00223011-00224156 One of the strategies proposed being emulation and also we have worked on two restorations
XzgepevRJKc-00388-00224156-00224921 and these are restorations of web-based artworks and the way that we did this was through code
XzgepevRJKc-00389-00224921-00225021 migration.
XzgepevRJKc-00390-00225021-00225861 So translating the code from one programming language to another and so our mandate as
XzgepevRJKc-00391-00225861-00226669 a museum is to preserve these software-based artworks for future exhibition and also for
XzgepevRJKc-00392-00226669-00227207 future researchers.
XzgepevRJKc-00393-00227207-00227909 And just to give you kind of a conceptual idea of the gamut that these software-based
XzgepevRJKc-00394-00227909-00228763 artworks run, so sometimes like in the picture I'm showing we could get an artwork that the
XzgepevRJKc-00395-00228763-00229436 artist provides a computer and that computer runs some artists produce software in a gallery.
XzgepevRJKc-00396-00229436-00230184 We have three as I mentioned web artworks so these were basically the websites created
XzgepevRJKc-00397-00230184-00230892 as artworks so we have to take care of those and those web artworks are expected to be
XzgepevRJKc-00398-00230892-00231553 available on the internet 24/7 for anyone who goes to the website to be able to access
XzgepevRJKc-00399-00231553-00231728 them.
XzgepevRJKc-00400-00231728-00232361 And just to show you these web artworks so this one is called Brandon this is by the
XzgepevRJKc-00401-00232361-00233310 artist Shu Lea Cheang and this work was created in 1998, this is just the homepage here and
XzgepevRJKc-00402-00233310-00234092 I'm not going to go too far into it but if you click on the Brandon link you can get
XzgepevRJKc-00403-00234092-00234537 a sense of some of the different parts of the work.
XzgepevRJKc-00404-00234537-00235026 There's a bunch of different interfaces that you can visit.
XzgepevRJKc-00405-00235026-00235792 I guess I'll just go in here and this is just one of the interfaces that you can interact
XzgepevRJKc-00406-00235792-00236136 with the work.
XzgepevRJKc-00407-00236136-00236844 Other web artwork that we have is Unfolding Object and this one you basically are presented
XzgepevRJKc-00408-00236844-00237366 with this square and you click on different pieces of the square and you unfold parts
XzgepevRJKc-00409-00237366-00237955 of it and the lines that you're seeing are the artwork recording how many people have
XzgepevRJKc-00410-00237955-00239010 visited each of these paths, so the lines indicate how many people have traveled along
XzgepevRJKc-00411-00239010-00239378 the same path that I have.
XzgepevRJKc-00412-00239378-00239927 So these are the types of works that we're dealing with and like Euan mentioned in his
XzgepevRJKc-00413-00239927-00240706 presentation we're very concerned with if we have a historic artwork how this artwork
XzgepevRJKc-00414-00240706-00241344 would render in its historical software.
XzgepevRJKc-00415-00241344-00242063 We want the artwork to appear as faithfully as possible to the original artist's vision
XzgepevRJKc-00416-00242063-00242338 in the restorations that we did.
XzgepevRJKc-00417-00242338-00242985 So what you're seeing here in my browser this is now Unfolding Object it was originally
XzgepevRJKc-00418-00242985-00243654 written in Java and we did a migration to JavaScript so what you're seeing is the JavaScript
XzgepevRJKc-00419-00243654-00244331 code running underneath but what it is, it's an exact replication of what the artwork looked
XzgepevRJKc-00420-00244331-00244779 like originally.
XzgepevRJKc-00421-00244779-00245794 So in terms of the code, if we think about ... I actually wanted to step back for a minute
XzgepevRJKc-00422-00245794-00246514 and just look at situation two because that's really important for us to be able to document
XzgepevRJKc-00423-00246514-00246941 software in operation and make that documentation available.
XzgepevRJKc-00424-00246941-00247757 We wrote two blog posts about our restorations so if you look at the Unfolding Object blog
XzgepevRJKc-00425-00247757-00248821 post we actually have a video here where we have the artist he's interacting with the
XzgepevRJKc-00426-00248821-00249225 work.
XzgepevRJKc-00427-00249225-00250026 So in this case you know this particular work wasn't very challenging necessarily because
XzgepevRJKc-00428-00250026-00250696 Unfolding Object uses artists written software and of course we have John F. Simon Jr's permission
XzgepevRJKc-00429-00250696-00250819 to work on the software.
XzgepevRJKc-00430-00250819-00251482 He was involved in the restoration process but supposing in the future we would have
XzgepevRJKc-00431-00251482-00251759 a web-based artwork with proprietary software.
XzgepevRJKc-00432-00251759-00252325 If we'd want the ability to make research and documentation of that software running
XzgepevRJKc-00433-00252325-00253476 to be publicly available and also in our blog post about Brandon we also have another video
XzgepevRJKc-00434-00253476-00254492 down here which is a video navigation of the work and not only is this important for making
XzgepevRJKc-00435-00254492-00254964 this information publicly available but it's also important for our own internal research
XzgepevRJKc-00436-00254964-00255879 to have video of the software running, images of the software running all those things.
XzgepevRJKc-00437-00255879-00256704 And in some cases the artists have used proprietary development environments such as Adobe Flash
XzgepevRJKc-00438-00256704-00257560 and Macromedia Director to create artworks and we have an ongoing collaboration with
XzgepevRJKc-00439-00257560-00258233 NYU, where NYU students actually study the works.
XzgepevRJKc-00440-00258233-00259059 This is some NYU students participating in an artist interview, so you can imagine a
XzgepevRJKc-00441-00259059-00259656 situation in the future where we want the students or another researcher to be able
XzgepevRJKc-00442-00259656-00260517 to study something like a Flash artwork and we have to data up that software or perhaps
XzgepevRJKc-00443-00260517-00261406 an even older software in order to open the artwork and access it and make it available.
XzgepevRJKc-00444-00261406-00262156 One could also imagine a situation in which we have to do a restoration of a web artwork
XzgepevRJKc-00445-00262156-00262985 that used proprietary software, in which case we would have to be able to open that artwork
XzgepevRJKc-00446-00262985-00263228 in the software.
XzgepevRJKc-00447-00263228-00263872 For example the two web artworks that I showed you they used Java applets which is an older
XzgepevRJKc-00448-00263872-00264484 technology and of course we've kept the original versions of these artworks.
XzgepevRJKc-00449-00264484-00265346 So if a researcher wanted to see the original running in Java we'd have to figure out a
XzgepevRJKc-00450-00265346-00266164 way to do that and the code would give us the confidence to say that we could use these
XzgepevRJKc-00451-00266164-00266948 older versions of Java, even if we didn't necessarily have any kind of license with
XzgepevRJKc-00452-00266948-00267370 Oracle or anything like that.
XzgepevRJKc-00453-00267370-00268783 So I think that's all I have to say for the moment but again happy to answer any questions
XzgepevRJKc-00454-00268783-00269030 and I'll stop sharing my- >> Brandon Butler: Wonderful.
XzgepevRJKc-00455-00269030-00269745 Thank you guys these are such fascinating projects that's been one of the best parts
XzgepevRJKc-00456-00269745-00270334 of this whole Code of Best Practices experience is just meeting people who are working on
XzgepevRJKc-00457-00270334-00270436 such cool things.
XzgepevRJKc-00458-00270436-00270982 So we've had several good questions in the chat so far but before we go to questions
XzgepevRJKc-00459-00270982-00271213 from the folks who are attending.
XzgepevRJKc-00460-00271213-00271816 I just wanted to open it up for Peter and Krista if they have any questions for Jonathan
XzgepevRJKc-00461-00271816-00272313 and Euan before we move into audience questions.
XzgepevRJKc-00462-00272313-00272927 >> Peter Jaszi: Hi this is Peter not so much a question is just a thank you because I think what both
XzgepevRJKc-00463-00272927-00273681 of these presentations help to demonstrate is the close relationship between the third
XzgepevRJKc-00464-00273681-00273852 and the fourth principles.
XzgepevRJKc-00465-00273852-00274376 They are in effect a cascading set of ideas.
XzgepevRJKc-00466-00274376-00275429 The third principle talks about what you can do to support academic and research and teaching
XzgepevRJKc-00467-00275429-00276455 work in your institution and the fourth principle talks about as both presenter so amply demonstrated
XzgepevRJKc-00468-00276455-00277132 all of the potential that exists when and if one can share those tools more generally.
XzgepevRJKc-00469-00277132-00277865 So I couldn't have asked for better illustrations of the way we hope that these are going to
XzgepevRJKc-00470-00277865-00278503 be empowering and even transformative.
XzgepevRJKc-00471-00278503-00279539 >> Brandon Butler: For sure and I'll add my gratitude and one observation I think another commonality across
XzgepevRJKc-00472-00279539-00280588 these two in some ways very different presentations is that the necessity of access to older software
XzgepevRJKc-00473-00280588-00281251 for something like fidelity which is something that you need whether you're ... Euan mentioned
XzgepevRJKc-00474-00281251-00281964 if you need something as evidence in a case which I know there are forensic uses of the
XzgepevRJKc-00475-00281964-00282369 software or if you're a researcher trying to learn something about a document and understand
XzgepevRJKc-00476-00282369-00282862 it better but also if you're restoring art and trying to present an artist visions, fidelity
XzgepevRJKc-00477-00282862-00283551 matters so I really appreciate that commonality, I think that's really interesting.
XzgepevRJKc-00478-00283551-00284205 So we've got some great questions in the chat so let's get to those the first question came
XzgepevRJKc-00479-00284205-00284829 from Drew Robards who asked, “Whose commercial interests do we have to be concerned about?”
XzgepevRJKc-00480-00284829-00285550 So repeatedly in the code there's express concern about commercial interests so Drew
XzgepevRJKc-00481-00285550-00286026 asked, “Let's say there's a digital market for old software that the copyright holder
XzgepevRJKc-00482-00286026-00286712 has no longer really been active in promoting, say an old version or even abandoning the
XzgepevRJKc-00483-00286712-00286812 series.
XzgepevRJKc-00484-00286812-00287484 Would providing access be affecting the commercialization of a third-party vendor and similarly what
XzgepevRJKc-00485-00287484-00288195 about physical vendors that sell old software like original copies I suppose for use on
XzgepevRJKc-00486-00288195-00288390 the original hardware?”
XzgepevRJKc-00487-00288390-00288959 So what's the market here and this might be a good question for Peter to start off with
XzgepevRJKc-00488-00288959-00289205 and then maybe Krista can follow up.
XzgepevRJKc-00489-00289205-00289599 >> Peter Jaszi: I'm happy to jump in because I think it's a question to which there's actually a fairly
XzgepevRJKc-00490-00289599-00290355 clear answer and that is the markets about which the participants in this process were
XzgepevRJKc-00491-00290355-00290817 concerned in the markets about which likewise lawyers are concerned in this area, are the
XzgepevRJKc-00492-00290817-00291292 existing commercial markets that are being maintained on behalf of rights holders not
XzgepevRJKc-00493-00291292-00291800 the kind of secondary markets that you've described.
XzgepevRJKc-00494-00291800-00292426 Which may be extremely valuable maybe even very useful which you may or may not want
XzgepevRJKc-00495-00292426-00292526 to respect.
XzgepevRJKc-00496-00292526-00293018 You want to keep those people who are providing old software even though they don't actually
XzgepevRJKc-00497-00293018-00293834 have any rights to do so in business but it is not the kind of market interest to which
XzgepevRJKc-00498-00293834-00294077 the code looks as such.
XzgepevRJKc-00499-00294077-00295108 We're talking therefore about things that are in the market via the original developer
XzgepevRJKc-00500-00295108-00295834 or the original developer's current licensee.
XzgepevRJKc-00501-00295834-00297090 >> Krista Cox: Yeah I agree with Peter I think that there's a difference between the market and the way
XzgepevRJKc-00502-00297090-00297303 the question seemed to be phrased.
XzgepevRJKc-00503-00297303-00297920 Which to me is like the market meaning that there are people who actually want it but
XzgepevRJKc-00504-00297920-00298479 the rights holders are not making that available to that.
XzgepevRJKc-00505-00298479-00298999 So just because there is a want for something doesn't mean that the right holders see a
XzgepevRJKc-00506-00298999-00299549 market that they want to exploit.
XzgepevRJKc-00507-00299549-00300266 >> Brandon Butler: Right yes when we talked about market that's right the core concern in fair use is always
XzgepevRJKc-00508-00300266-00301073 intruding and substituting for market demands where there's a right holder that is there
XzgepevRJKc-00509-00301073-00301660 and interested in supplying and so across the board we assume that there isn't a rights
XzgepevRJKc-00510-00301660-00301834 holder interested in supplying.
XzgepevRJKc-00511-00301834-00302128 The rights holder who actually owns the material.
XzgepevRJKc-00512-00302128-00302714 Okay great and so our next question is- >> Peter Jaszi: Let me point out one thing that's interesting
XzgepevRJKc-00513-00302714-00303565 in 3 C the third and final limitation to C which of course as I was saying earlier carries
XzgepevRJKc-00514-00303565-00304230 over potentially in to 4 because of the close relationship between these principles there
XzgepevRJKc-00515-00304230-00304618 and I won't go further into it now but I urge you to look at it.
XzgepevRJKc-00516-00304618-00305554 There is a description of the situation in which even software that is commercially available
XzgepevRJKc-00517-00305554-00306866 may be something that you can provide on a shared basis subject to some sensible restraints
XzgepevRJKc-00518-00306866-00306966 under fair use.
XzgepevRJKc-00519-00306966-00307825 This is the limitation that deals in particular with data verification and reproducibility
XzgepevRJKc-00520-00307825-00307944 stuff.
XzgepevRJKc-00521-00307944-00308718 So everything we've said about what markets matter is right but we shouldn't jump to the
XzgepevRJKc-00522-00308718-00309367 further conclusion that just because there is a sustained market, fair use is therefore
XzgepevRJKc-00523-00309367-00309617 necessarily off the table.
XzgepevRJKc-00524-00309617-00310016 There's just more thinking to do in that case.
XzgepevRJKc-00525-00310016-00310199 >> Brandon Butler: Great.
XzgepevRJKc-00526-00310199-00310427 Yeah very important point Peter thank you.
XzgepevRJKc-00527-00310427-00311425 So our next question is related to the first question Henry Stut asked, “I'd like to
XzgepevRJKc-00528-00311425-00312261 hear about ethical and legal concerns of using cracked obsolete or legacy software for education
XzgepevRJKc-00529-00312261-00312361 purposes?”
XzgepevRJKc-00530-00312361-00312933 So there's a good bit of older cracked software floating around on forgotten hard drives and
XzgepevRJKc-00531-00312933-00313499 even on present-day torrents on the Internet so I hear “What are the ethical issues when
XzgepevRJKc-00532-00313499-00314093 preserving drives containing this material and what are the concerns of using torrented
XzgepevRJKc-00533-00314093-00314778 software to access otherwise inaccessible files?”
XzgepevRJKc-00534-00314778-00315455 Krista maybe you want to start this time and Peter can pick up?
XzgepevRJKc-00535-00315455-00316034 Oh did we lose Krista?
XzgepevRJKc-00536-00316034-00316438 >> Peter Jaszi: Well I'll let me jump in and Krista can follow.
XzgepevRJKc-00537-00316438-00317380 The part of the question preserving the drives takes us I think actually back to principles
XzgepevRJKc-00538-00317380-00317914 one and two and that is to say what one is doing is trying to just make sure that the
XzgepevRJKc-00539-00317914-00318458 material that is on that drive gets off that drive before something happens to it.
XzgepevRJKc-00540-00318458-00319013 There are very few meaningful limitations other than the ones expressed in connection
XzgepevRJKc-00541-00319013-00319185 with principle one.
XzgepevRJKc-00542-00319185-00319932 If we're talking about using and in fact found software from the drive or a drive in the
XzgepevRJKc-00543-00319932-00320540 collection or from some other source, then and we will have more to say about this in
XzgepevRJKc-00544-00320540-00320717 a future episode.
XzgepevRJKc-00545-00320717-00321428 Which focuses on the digital millennium copyright anti-circumvention provisions but broadly
XzgepevRJKc-00546-00321428-00322763 speaking both the software preservation worker and the beneficiaries of his or her work are
XzgepevRJKc-00547-00322763-00323784 in a very strongly advantaged position with respect to cracked software, because significant
XzgepevRJKc-00548-00323784-00324910 exceptions for fair uses have now been affirmatively identified as exceptions to the anti-circumvention
XzgepevRJKc-00549-00324910-00325104 provisions of the DMCA.
XzgepevRJKc-00550-00325104-00325716 So again more to come on that but it's a very hopeful situation and the fact that the the
XzgepevRJKc-00551-00325716-00326431 the hack or the crack has occurred in the past rather than taking place in the future
XzgepevRJKc-00552-00326431-00327078 is as far as I can tell not a relevant consideration.
XzgepevRJKc-00553-00327078-00327879 >> Brandon Butler: Thanks Peter, Krista anything to add to that?
XzgepevRJKc-00554-00327879-00327979 >> Krista Cox: Hello.
XzgepevRJKc-00555-00327979-00328079 >> Brandon Butler: There you are.
XzgepevRJKc-00556-00328079-00328179 Hi?
XzgepevRJKc-00557-00328179-00328903 >> Krista Cox: Hi, sorry I just logged back in and then my internet connection was unstable and so I
XzgepevRJKc-00558-00328903-00329167 lost you for a bit.
XzgepevRJKc-00559-00329167-00329997 >> Brandon Butler: Well, we're just we're talking about cracking software or finding cracked software and legal
XzgepevRJKc-00560-00329997-00330604 implications of that and Peter just was saying we'll talk a lot more about this in a later
XzgepevRJKc-00561-00330604-00331078 episode and that might be a good place to leave it but there is lots of good news coming
XzgepevRJKc-00562-00331078-00331714 stay tuned but Krista if you wanted to add anything to that I wanted to give you a chance
XzgepevRJKc-00563-00331714-00331814 to jump in.
XzgepevRJKc-00564-00331814-00332357 >> Krista Cox: No, I probably would have just said please stay tuned for our episode on circumvention
XzgepevRJKc-00565-00332357-00332721 and- >> Peter Jaszi: And if you can't wait if you absolutely have
XzgepevRJKc-00566-00332721-00333696 to know now there is an appendix to the code which deals with this and which we worked
XzgepevRJKc-00567-00333696-00334152 on to try to make a clear explanation.
XzgepevRJKc-00568-00334152-00334572 There are actually several things in that appendix which we're going to talk about in
XzgepevRJKc-00569-00334572-00334727 more detail.
XzgepevRJKc-00570-00334727-00335640 Licensing first but then it around page what is it of the document, 22, there is a discussion
XzgepevRJKc-00571-00335640-00336447 of what we think is the state of the law with respect to what I will [inaudible] now always
XzgepevRJKc-00572-00336447-00336981 in future [call cracking].
XzgepevRJKc-00573-00336981-00337420 >> Brandon Butler: Thank you yes and another good resource and this will be the centerpiece of our next of
XzgepevRJKc-00574-00337420-00337741 our webinar on this issue.
XzgepevRJKc-00575-00337741-00338306 The Berkman Center at Harvard, the Law Clinic there put together a great summary of what
XzgepevRJKc-00576-00338306-00338966 those DMCA provisions mean and a user's guide that gets even deeper than we were able to
XzgepevRJKc-00577-00338966-00339368 in the code into the details of that provision.
XzgepevRJKc-00578-00339368-00339717 [crosstalk] and you can find that ... we can yeah.
XzgepevRJKc-00579-00339717-00340273 If you go to the Software Preservation Network website under resources there's a hit quick
XzgepevRJKc-00580-00340273-00340832 link and we'll also dig that up and put it in the chat here in just a second and I'll
XzgepevRJKc-00581-00340832-00341359 just as we're approaching our last minute here there was a nice add-on in the chat which
XzgepevRJKc-00582-00341359-00342044 is “I think sometimes it'd be nice to actually preserve cracked and pirated software as an
XzgepevRJKc-00583-00342044-00342402 artifact of the phenomenon of piracy.”
XzgepevRJKc-00584-00342402-00342854 Which we didn't get too deeply into that in our discussions in developing the code but
XzgepevRJKc-00585-00342854-00342999 it sounds perfectly legitimate to me.
XzgepevRJKc-00586-00342999-00343640 >> Peter Jaszi: It does to me as well, one of the things that is the touchstone here and thinking about
XzgepevRJKc-00587-00343640-00344009 fair use is this notion of transformative purpose.
XzgepevRJKc-00588-00344009-00344154 Why are you doing it?
XzgepevRJKc-00589-00344154-00345282 And if you're collecting historic examples of software piracy that's a classic non-exclusive
XzgepevRJKc-00590-00345282-00346069 but extremely suggestive example of a use for a transformative purpose.
XzgepevRJKc-00591-00346069-00346169 >> Brandon Butler: Excellent.
XzgepevRJKc-00592-00346169-00346803 Well this is a good place to wrap it up then I think, we're at the top of our hour.
XzgepevRJKc-00593-00346803-00347459 Thanks everyone we really appreciate you all being here if you join us next week same bat-time,
XzgepevRJKc-00594-00347459-00348105 same bat-channel will talk about working with source code and software licenses with our
XzgepevRJKc-00595-00348105-00348635 guest Daina Bouquin of Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and my lovely colleague
XzgepevRJKc-00596-00348635-00349048 Lauren Work from here at the University of Virginia Libraries.
XzgepevRJKc-00597-00349048-00349587 Next week's episode will be facilitated by me and Peter and thanks again for joining
XzgepevRJKc-00598-00349587-00349829 us today we will see you next time.
XzgepevRJKc-00599-00349829-00350655 You all have a good afternoon.
X-HbqTNGn8c-00000-00000000-00002042 Gabe: Taking into consideration if a client wants to do a beard trim, mustache trim, outline,
X-HbqTNGn8c-00001-00002042-00002782 full shave, you have to incorporate a number of tools. You can use clippers to shape. And
X-HbqTNGn8c-00002-00002782-00003243 then, to get detail work, you're going to want to use scissors, especially in areas
X-HbqTNGn8c-00003-00003243-00003694 around the mouth where you've got to be careful, or it has to be very precise, very close.
X-HbqTNGn8c-00004-00003694-00004298 Or, after doing a full beard trim with clippers, you're going to want to kind of freehand with
X-HbqTNGn8c-00005-00004298-00004768 a pair of shears to just get those stragglers, things like that. And then, of course, you're
X-HbqTNGn8c-00006-00004768-00005487 going to always want to finish it with a Feather Razor. Prep the skin, outline it to give it
X-HbqTNGn8c-00007-00005487-00005661 a distinct, crispy look.
X_0INM5enku-00000-00000221-00000914 send more input elements from the encoder so that the decoder can look at
X_0INM5enku-00001-00000914-00001469 specific states and decide which of these hidden inputs are the ones that
X_0INM5enku-00002-00001469-00002348 matter to generate the output. So what have we seen so far during the week. We
X_0INM5enku-00003-00002348-00002807 had feed forward neural networks, which took an input, did some computation with
X_0INM5enku-00004-00002807-00003257 a hidden layer, and produced an output. We have neural networks that can transmit
X_0INM5enku-00005-00003257-00003824 data across executions of themselves. So for example, if you have a sequence of
X_0INM5enku-00006-00003824-00004466 words, and you have recurrent neural network to predict the next word, like in
X_0INM5enku-00007-00004466-00005228 I am, you will get the input I, you will produce the prediction output am, but you
X_0INM5enku-00008-00005228-00005977 will also pro - produce a hidden vector that will go on to the next
X_0INM5enku-00009-00005983-00006433 iteration of the recurrent neural network. This is unidirectional
X_0INM5enku-00010-00006433-00006799 translation and transmission. By the way, you can also have bi-directional
X_0INM5enku-00011-00006799-00007433 transmission, where after training, you can have contributions from the word
X_0INM5enku-00012-00007433-00007964 that comes before you, and the word that comes after you. So you're getting three
X_0INM5enku-00013-00007964-00008543 inputs to your recurrent neural network, the input itself, and each element from
X_0INM5enku-00014-00008543-00008900 the word that came before, and another H element for the one that came after,
X_0INM5enku-00015-00008900-00009512 making it bi-directional. So we have neural networks that can transmit across
X_0INM5enku-00016-00009512-00010106 sequences, and we also have architectures that can encode a sequence, into an
X_0INM5enku-00017-00010106-00010655 intermediate form, and then decode it into some other form. We call these
X_0INM5enku-00018-00010655-00011132 encoding decoding architectures, and generally deal with sequences to
X_0INM5enku-00019-00011132-00011714 sequences, like the words in a question to the words in an answer,
X_0INM5enku-00020-00011714-00012389 the words in an article to the words in summary of the article. This video will
X_0INM5enku-00021-00012389-00012905 look at the concept of attention. When you're producing the decoded output,
X_0INM5enku-00022-00012905-00013445 maybe you want to look at more elements other than just your intermediate
X_0INM5enku-00023-00013445-00013937 representation, we're gonna have attention across encoder/decoder. We're
X_0INM5enku-00024-00013937-00014567 also gonna have self attention, we're just looking at my own sequence when I'm
X_0INM5enku-00025-00014567-00014981 encoding. And we're gonna look at a couple of architectures that use this.
X_0INM5enku-00026-00014981-00015389 They're called transformers. They're - we're gonna look at the concepts here
X_0INM5enku-00027-00015389-00016109 and then on your exercises, you're gonna get to play with a few transformers. So
X_0INM5enku-00028-00016109-00016712 take a look at this matrix here. Here we have an English sentence, the agreement
X_0INM5enku-00029-00016712-00017171 of the European Economic Area was signed in August 1992, on top, and then the
X_0INM5enku-00030-00017171-00017708 French translation from top to bottom, L'accord sur la zone economique europeene
X_0INM5enku-00031-00017708-00018374 a ete signe en aout 1992. What we have here is the translation but
X_0INM5enku-00032-00018374-00019139 also a matrix that tells you how much attention you're paying to each element in
X_0INM5enku-00033-00019139-00019652 the English sentence when you're generating the French element. So for
X_0INM5enku-00034-00019652-00020072 example, when you are generating - the meaning of 1992, the
X_0INM5enku-00035-00020072-00020720 French element here, what are you looking for in the input, you're looking at the
X_0INM5enku-00036-00020720-00021254 number 1992. Of course and this is very obvious if you just have to sequence 1 9
X_0INM5enku-00037-00021254-00021779 9 2, it's obvious that it only means the sequence 1 9 9 2 to generate something
X_0INM5enku-00038-00021779-00022418 similar. However, most things in language are not so easy. When you're generating,
X_0INM5enku-00039-00022418-00023186 for example, the word signe, signed, you do need to look at the English verbs,
X_0INM5enku-00040-00023186-00023816 signed. But because this has agreement with the subject, if this was feminine
X_0INM5enku-00041-00023816-00024251 for example it would have another e, you also need to pay attention at the
X_0INM5enku-00042-00024251-00024758 subject. So most - when you're generating signe, most of your attention is going
X_0INM5enku-00043-00024758-00025034 to the word signed, but also a little bit of your attention
X_0INM5enku-00044-00025034-00025706 is going to the word agreement, when you're generating the word, ah you need
X_0INM5enku-00045-00025706-00026189 to pay attention to was and signed in English in order to get the correct
X_0INM5enku-00046-00026189-00026969 tense in the French. So sometimes, you only need to look at one element to make
X_0INM5enku-00047-00026969-00027488 an input out - an input in English appear in output in French. But sometimes you
X_0INM5enku-00048-00027488-00028016 need to look at more than one element to make an input in English appear as an
X_0INM5enku-00049-00028016-00028612 output in French. We call this process attention.
X_0INM5enku-00050-00028645-00029264 How does attention happen? We can get attention by transmitting richer
X_0INM5enku-00051-00029264-00030308 information between the encoding and the decoding. A student. So when we are
X_0INM5enku-00052-00030308-00030839 transmitting the encoding, you could transmit just an intermediate vector, but
X_0INM5enku-00053-00030839-00031421 you could also transmit all of the little H hidden states that you
X_0INM5enku-00054-00031421-00031771 generated when the recurrent neural network was running forward. When you,
X_0INM5enku-00055-00031771-00032405 when your lstm was running, so all these intermediate hidden elements get
X_0INM5enku-00056-00032405-00033023 transmitted to the decoder along with the last intermediate representation and
X_0INM5enku-00057-00033023-00033776 then during training, the decoder can decide which of these is better to
X_0INM5enku-00058-00033776-00034373 generate the correct output. That way, it can generate a mapping to what elements
X_0INM5enku-00059-00034373-00035000 it should be paying attention to when it's generating an output. For example, if
X_0INM5enku-00060-00035000-00035510 it's generating the word je, I'm sorry, if it has the word je, and it wants to
X_0INM5enku-00061-00035510-00036521 generate the English I, it takes the - this generation of I, has all of the hidden
X_0INM5enku-00062-00036521-00037022 states, and it pays most of its attention to just je because obviously je is
X_0INM5enku-00063-00037022-00037682 equivalent to I. However when you're generating the word suis for example you
X_0INM5enku-00064-00037682-00038042 can see that most of the attention, I'm sorry, when you're generating the word am,
X_0INM5enku-00065-00038042-00038354 because you you're translating from French to
X_0INM5enku-00066-00038354-00038819 English, when you're generating the word am, you need to pay most of your
X_0INM5enku-00067-00038819-00039413 attention to suis, but you need to pay some attention to you as well, and you
X_0INM5enku-00068-00039413-00040037 pay no attention to etudiant. When you're generating the word a, you pay
X_0INM5enku-00069-00040037-00040661 attention to suis, and you pay attention to etudiant, so by transmitting a
X_0INM5enku-00070-00040661-00041291 richer set of information from the encoder to the decoder, the decoder can
X_0INM5enku-00071-00041291-00041915 take advantage of it, and decide what are the elements that matter. If you made a
X_0INM5enku-00072-00041915-00042380 huge vector with the weight of how much the first element is going to matter, the
X_0INM5enku-00073-00042380-00043076 second, the third, of the fourth, you could implement attention and you'd also
X_0INM5enku-00074-00043076-00043520 really be freed from the constraint that you need to have a one-to-one
X_0INM5enku-00075-00043520-00043873 relationship. Because then you'd have vectors that map the end-to-end
X_0INM5enku-00076-00043873-00044788 relationship between word and its translation. You can also have self
X_0INM5enku-00077-00044788-00045446 attention where if you have a sequence of tokens or words, you could try to
X_0INM5enku-00078-00045446-00046337 decide which of the words is getting the most input from other hidden states. For
X_0INM5enku-00079-00046337-00046751 example, the word it in the sentence, The animal didn't cross the street because
X_0INM5enku-00080-00046751-00047510 it was too tired, the word it is paying a lot of attention to the animal, is paying
X_0INM5enku-00081-00047510-00047855 little attention to cross, and it's paying a little bit of attention to
X_0INM5enku-00082-00047855-00048491 street. This is because - because during its training phase, it must have seen
X_0INM5enku-00083-00048491-00049067 that it had correlate positional correlations with animal, then it had
X_0INM5enku-00084-00049067-00049652 some positional correlations to street, and almost no correlation to cross, for
X_0INM5enku-00085-00049652-00050387 example. So this allows it, this allows the encoding to pay attention to itself,
X_0INM5enku-00086-00050387-00050948 and to the other elements in the sentence. In your exercises, you read the
X_0INM5enku-00087-00050948-00051569 about the programming implementation of self attention, but in summary during
X_0INM5enku-00088-00051569-00052014 training, you generate a series of matrices that tell you how
X_0INM5enku-00089-00052014-00052515 much attention elements should be putting, should be given to other
X_0INM5enku-00090-00052515-00053178 elements. So for example, the word it when you have the word it, and you're
X_0INM5enku-00091-00053178-00053982 inputting the it into the network, so it can predict some other element, it needs
X_0INM5enku-00092-00053982-00054471 to pay a lot of attention to previous nouns, like robot, and it should pay
X_0INM5enku-00093-00054471-00055215 almost no attention to previous verbs, like obey, for example. So it's going to
X_0INM5enku-00094-00055215-00056031 take these elements, and with them generate an attention vector. So if you
X_0INM5enku-00095-00056031-00056448 have the first law of robotics, a robot must obey the orders given it by a human,
X_0INM5enku-00096-00056448-00057033 and you want, you have the word it, and you want to generate the next word in the
X_0INM5enku-00097-00057033-00057542 first law of robotics, you're gonna have two vectors: the embedding of the word it,
X_0INM5enku-00098-00057542-00058278 and a vector of weights of how much weight we should be giving each of the
X_0INM5enku-00099-00058278-00058812 inputs in the sequence. And from training we will be able to know that the word
X_0INM5enku-00100-00058812-00059370 robot needs a lot of attention, and that the word the needs very little attention.
X_0INM5enku-00101-00059370-00060012 And by the way, attention just means the embedding for the word robot multiplied
X_0INM5enku-00102-00060012-00060507 by an attenuating factor, by 50% for example, plus the embedding for the word
X_0INM5enku-00103-00060507-00061086 obey. multiplied by 0.1, plus the embedding for the word orders, multiplied
X_0INM5enku-00104-00061086-00061497 by 0.05. So you're gonna get a combination of these settings which give
X_0INM5enku-00105-00061497-00061764 you the elements that you should be paying attention to. We're just gonna
X_0INM5enku-00106-00061764-00062301 look a lot like robot plus the embedding for the word it, the input and the
X_0INM5enku-00107-00062301-00063129 attention, and this gives you really cool information, really cool performance
X_0INM5enku-00108-00063129-00063672 improvements. For example, if you are standing on the word chasing, you can
X_0INM5enku-00109-00063672-00064008 analyze the attention vector, and see that it's paying attention to things
X_0INM5enku-00110-00064008-00064851 like is, and FBI, for example. You can also do this with multimodal attention. If you
X_0INM5enku-00111-00064851-00065401 have the encoding - if you're encoding a picture, like the color picture here on the left
X_0INM5enku-00112-00065401-00065806 upper left, if you're encoding a picture and decoding the description of the
X_0INM5enku-00113-00065806-00066355 picture, like a woman is throwing a frisbee in a park, then you will get a
X_0INM5enku-00114-00066355-00066922 vector of the encoding, of the hidden information in the encoding, plus the
X_0INM5enku-00115-00066922-00067579 final intermediate state. And as you decode that in two English words, you
X_0INM5enku-00116-00067579-00068185 will know which parts of the encoded input, meaning which pixels it was paying
X_0INM5enku-00117-00068185-00068635 attention to, so for example, when it generates the word frisbee here, it's
X_0INM5enku-00118-00068635-00069541 paying a lot of attention to the pixels that have to do with the frisbee. Again,
X_0INM5enku-00119-00069541-00070087 in your exercises, you will see more about how this is generated, but what
X_0INM5enku-00120-00070087-00070720 this is really good for is that it allows us for more complex architectures.
X_0INM5enku-00121-00070720-00071227 What we have here is a transformer. The transformer is a kind of encoding-
X_0INM5enku-00122-00071227-00071767 decoding where you have half here that's encoding and another half here that's
X_0INM5enku-00123-00071767-00072196 decoding. By the way, when it has - it says Nx, it means that it can have multiple
X_0INM5enku-00124-00072196-00072844 levels of these, and by multiple, I mean dozens. It has, for example, if you want to
X_0INM5enku-00125-00072844-00073576 input the word je and have it come out as the word I, it will take the embedding
X_0INM5enku-00126-00073576-00074029 of the words je in French, it will correct it by a positional encoding,
X_0INM5enku-00127-00074029-00074569 telling you how important order is. If it comes into first position, it will set
X_0INM5enku-00128-00074569-00074974 this to an attention head, which tells you how important every other word in
X_0INM5enku-00129-00074974-00075607 the input is to je, then it will use a neural network to generate the correct
X_0INM5enku-00130-00075607-00076414 kind of intermediate representation. It will take that, and take as the - as the
X_0INM5enku-00131-00076414-00076927 start of the output, like a token for new phrase. So it takes the new phrase
X_0INM5enku-00132-00076927-00077539 from here, the intermediate representation of something like je
X_0INM5enku-00133-00077539-00078067 into here, it enters into even more attention heads, which get the
X_0INM5enku-00134-00078067-00078484 information from attention from the encoding phase,
X_0INM5enku-00135-00078484-00078985 ultimately produces a softmax vector with like thousands of words that it has,
X_0INM5enku-00136-00078985-00079717 and the one with the bigger probability is gonna be I. So je, attention to
X_0INM5enku-00137-00079717-00080232 immediate form generation that goes into the attention, softmax, and the output I.
X_0INM5enku-00138-00080232-00080989 That's the transformer. It's a complex model, but very powerful. And what it can
X_0INM5enku-00139-00080989-00081628 do, there's two types, there's many types of transformers, many. I'm just gonna
X_0INM5enku-00140-00081628-00082279 focus on two that are particularly important: BERTs and GPT-2s. And inter -
X_0INM5enku-00141-00082279-00082591 interestingly, they've discovered that you only really need half of the
X_0INM5enku-00142-00082591-00083125 transformer. You can use only the encoder as in BERT, or only the decoder as in GPT-2
X_0INM5enku-00143-00083125-00084103 A BERT, for example or bi-directional encoder representation, is an algorithm
X_0INM5enku-00144-00084103-00084694 that takes two inputs that you are going to encode, and produces a vector, some
X_0INM5enku-00145-00084694-00085450 representation of them. What do we want this for? The cardinal use of a BERT is
X_0INM5enku-00146-00085450-00085909 to predict words to function as a language model. So for example, if you
X_0INM5enku-00147-00085909-00086611 give it an input like, I want to mask the car because it is cheap, the BERT - a BERT
X_0INM5enku-00148-00086611-00087100 will produce the output buy, because it'll give - it will receive the embedding of
X_0INM5enku-00149-00087100-00087604 all of the words. It'll pay attention to the fact that the input had car want
X_0INM5enku-00150-00087604-00088180 cheap, and will produce a vector for the mask that has all of that attention
X_0INM5enku-00151-00088180-00088672 information, and it tells you that the correct candidate for those attention
X_0INM5enku-00152-00088672-00089404 words be buy. And by the way, this is gonna be in your exercises. Yeah just how to look
X_0INM5enku-00153-00089404-00089980 at a BERT generating this output. And by the way, it does this again with 340
X_0INM5enku-00154-00089980-00090604 million parameters. So none of these are light models to generate or run. What's
X_0INM5enku-00155-00090604-00091108 really cool about the BERT is that once it generates that vector you can do a
X_0INM5enku-00156-00091108-00091636 lot of things with it. You can for example fine tune a BERT so that if you
X_0INM5enku-00157-00091636-00092020 get an input and generate a vector you can use that vector for
X_0INM5enku-00158-00092020-00092560 classification, so you can use it to decide if an email is spam or not. You
X_0INM5enku-00159-00092560-00093226 can use it to define - to see if a movie review is positive or negative. Here, for
X_0INM5enku-00160-00093226-00093730 example, we would get the words of an email and we would have a token, a CLS,
X_0INM5enku-00161-00093730-00094240 for the classifier. This token will take all of the attention information from
X_0INM5enku-00162-00094240-00094663 the other words of the email, and then we will train an additional neural network
X_0INM5enku-00163-00094663-00095527 to decide if this classification vector is spam or not spam. And this is what
X_0INM5enku-00164-00095527-00096147 makes BERT - BERT really powerful. It can be fine-tuned to many tasks. For example,
X_0INM5enku-00165-00096147-00096763 QNLI is about language inference. So if you give it two sentences, it can tell
X_0INM5enku-00166-00096763-00097363 you whether one can be inferred from the other, for example, or whether one is the
X_0INM5enku-00167-00097363-00097750 answer to another one - to the question. If this is a question, this is an answer, it
X_0INM5enku-00168-00097750-00098224 will tell you, yes or no. You can use it for sentiment analysis, tell you if
X_0INM5enku-00169-00098224-00098668 something is positive or negative. You can use it for question answering tasks,
X_0INM5enku-00170-00098668-00099106 this is what Squad does. You give it a bunch of questions, and paragraphs where
X_0INM5enku-00171-00099106-00099589 the answers are, and it'll give you the positions where the answer starts and
X_0INM5enku-00172-00099589-00100165 ends. BERT can also be used to find named entities, or proper names, and it
X_0INM5enku-00173-00100165-00100666 will tell you where they start and where they end. So they can be adjusted for
X_0INM5enku-00174-00100666-00101422 many tasks and they are very powerful. A different type of transformer is the GPT-2
X_0INM5enku-00175-00101422-00101932 It only uses the decoder part. It is very good at generating predictions of
X_0INM5enku-00176-00101932-00102454 what the next word will be, so if you give it planet it will generate the next
X_0INM5enku-00177-00102454-00103084 word, for example here, if you give it The spaceship entered orbit around the
X_0INM5enku-00178-00103084-00103786 planet, it will then give you something like Once in orbit... and so forth. You
X_0INM5enku-00179-00103786-00104173 can again experiment with the transformer there. And it's 40 gigabytes,
X_0INM5enku-00180-00104173-00104644 and it's 1.5 billion parameters in order to generate all these. It has multiple
X_0INM5enku-00181-00104644-00105354 attention heads. It has numerous phases of this, so it is a very heavy model.
X_0INM5enku-00182-00105384-00106126 As a summary, we have an idea called attention, which is that you can pass
X_0INM5enku-00183-00106126-00106728 information about all of the elements into supplementary vectors or matrices
X_0INM5enku-00184-00106728-00107251 so that when you are decoding, you could take advantage of all that information
X_0INM5enku-00185-00107251-00107650 and essentially establish end-to-end relationships telling you, oh if I'm
X_0INM5enku-00186-00107650-00108055 looking at the verb, if I want to generate the verb signe, I have to look at
X_0INM5enku-00187-00108055-00108700 the word signed, but also the subject agreement. You use - you can do this across
X_0INM5enku-00188-00108700-00109180 encoding/decoding stages, but also you can use self attention to look at your
X_0INM5enku-00189-00109180-00109858 own items in the encoding. This has been used in architectures that are called
X_0INM5enku-00190-00109858-00110326 transformers, BERT and GPT-2 are just two examples of them, and they can use this
X_0INM5enku-00191-00110326-00110746 property of paying attention to multiple parts of the input to generate really
X_0INM5enku-00192-00110746-00111373 powerful and flexible output. But all this comes at a price which we will
X_0INM5enku-00193-00111373-00111897 analyze in the next and final video for the week.
XCohNQlNMag-00000-00000181-00000381 Hi internet friends
XCohNQlNMag-00001-00000450-00001016 This year I decided to make some very special vlogmas video for you guys
XCohNQlNMag-00002-00001138-00001805 especially for artists and travelers who are  searching for inspiration in Seoul, Korea.
XCohNQlNMag-00003-00001867-00002102 I hope you really enjoyed the series.
XCohNQlNMag-00004-00002188-00002604 And today, I'm gonna show you my favorite art supply store in Seoul.
XCohNQlNMag-00005-00002830-00003215 In my opinion, I think this is the best store
XCohNQlNMag-00006-00003315-00003611 , but it's just my preference. There are other store
XCohNQlNMag-00007-00003676-00003929 vlogmas videos coming up and
XCohNQlNMag-00008-00004009-00004209 pick your favorite one
XCohNQlNMag-00009-00004546-00004832 So today I'm gonna give you a little bit of a tour
XCohNQlNMag-00010-00005005-00005559 / guide to an art store called Homi Hwabang.
XCohNQlNMag-00011-00005734-00006526 So, hwabang is a Korean word for art supply store. You have to search Homi Art  Supply Store,
XCohNQlNMag-00012-00006622-00006730 *camera dropping sound
XCohNQlNMag-00013-00006758-00007014 or Homi Art Store or Homi Hwabang
XCohNQlNMag-00014-00007014-00007214 in order to get like
XCohNQlNMag-00015-00007279-00007479 the search engine working. (I meant googling keywords haha)
XCohNQlNMag-00016-00009040-00009240 You can see the new subway going
XCohNQlNMag-00017-00009240-00009440 and then
XCohNQlNMag-00018-00009440-00009625 the older design coming.
XCohNQlNMag-00019-00009625-00009890 Watch closely they have different designs : )
XCohNQlNMag-00020-00010637-00010837 I really just like the subway
XCohNQlNMag-00021-00011054-00011237 , because I really like how it sounds.
XCohNQlNMag-00022-00011237-00011623 I mean, It's pretty convenient as well but
XCohNQlNMag-00023-00011735-00011985 they have this regular sound
XCohNQlNMag-00024-00012317-00012517 when the wind blows.
XCohNQlNMag-00025-00013268-00013696 So one tip if you're coming to Korea, I recommend you
XCohNQlNMag-00026-00013813-00014304 to download these apps. They are "Naver Map" &  "KakaoMap". (Both available in playstore and appstore)
XCohNQlNMag-00027-00014382-00014582 I mean they're definitely similar.
XCohNQlNMag-00029-00014811-00015169 I use both of them because sometimes they give you different results :)
XCohNQlNMag-00030-00015285-00015937 This art store is located in Hongdae, which is near Hongik University station.
XCohNQlNMag-00031-00016053-00016297 I went out to the exit 9.
XCohNQlNMag-00032-00016377-00016741 But I recommend you to use the exit 2,
XCohNQlNMag-00033-00016806-00017063 if you're coming on the weekends, because
XCohNQlNMag-00034-00017178-00017491 the Hongik University station exit 9 is
XCohNQlNMag-00035-00017559-00017676 like
XCohNQlNMag-00036-00017676-00018155 The Meeting Spot for everyone who's coming to hongdae area
XCohNQlNMag-00037-00018228-00018428 so it's like
XCohNQlNMag-00038-00018447-00018758 beyond crowded when you come on the weekends,
XCohNQlNMag-00039-00018920-00019120 I guarantee that, seriously.
XCohNQlNMag-00040-00019362-00019628 You have to walk for like
XCohNQlNMag-00041-00019836-00020036 7 minutes or so?
XCohNQlNMag-00042-00020154-00020354 And you can see
XCohNQlNMag-00043-00020354-00020554 the Homi Hwabang logo!
XCohNQlNMag-00044-00021284-00021600 They open from 9 to 9.
XCohNQlNMag-00045-00022172-00022372 I really like how they
XCohNQlNMag-00046-00022390-00023266 named it "Homi", because it kind of reminds me like a 'home-like', 'homey' place to go.
XCohNQlNMag-00047-00023472-00023680 And it actually means
XCohNQlNMag-00048-00023859-00024059 'Enjoying the beauty of painting'
XCohNQlNMag-00049-00024287-00024538 This is the bullet board.
XCohNQlNMag-00050-00024618-00025172 that you might want to check out. They write every sale info on this one.
XCohNQlNMag-00051-00025314-00025514 So it says,
XCohNQlNMag-00052-00025647-00026435 they're having a Copic ciao sale and they having a Winsor & Newton professional watercolor set on sale.
XCohNQlNMag-00053-00026808-00027152 So it's MY TIME!
XCohNQlNMag-00054-00027152-00027574 I really like looking at watercolors.
XCohNQlNMag-00055-00027612-00028348 And this section is all just watercolor. Different brands ; Schmincke, Winsor & Newton,
XCohNQlNMag-00056-00028531-00029031 Holbein and then Mission Gold.
XCohNQlNMag-00057-00029031-00029231 The mission gold paints are pretty
XCohNQlNMag-00058-00029248-00029576 affordable if you compare it with Schmincke.
XCohNQlNMag-00059-00029808-00030551 It's a Korean brand and when you come to this art store, they have a swatch book
XCohNQlNMag-00060-00030685-00031020 that just gives you all the information about
XCohNQlNMag-00061-00031145-00031708 the pigments and the colors.
XCohNQlNMag-00062-00032332-00032662 So beautiful! They swatched it on a
XCohNQlNMag-00063-00032749-00033321 watercolor paper and then they cut it out and they sticked it there.
XCohNQlNMag-00064-00033409-00033678 They had two of these and also
XCohNQlNMag-00065-00033778-00033952 some things that
XCohNQlNMag-00066-00033952-00034338 are expensive like watercolor sets are
XCohNQlNMag-00067-00034456-00035132 in these cases so you have to ask the staff to help you out.
XCohNQlNMag-00068-00035154-00035528 And THESE BRUSHES!! Look at these brushes. They are so organized and
XCohNQlNMag-00069-00035722-00035922 Beautiful.
XCohNQlNMag-00070-00035958-00036172 So this is my own recommendation.
XCohNQlNMag-00071-00036282-00036986 That's the Hwahong 356 travel brush set. (on the top right corner)
XCohNQlNMag-00072-00037032-00037232 It's a little over
XCohNQlNMag-00073-00037339-00037679 $17 and you get five travel brushes.
XCohNQlNMag-00074-00037816-00038464 And the other Hwahong that I would recommend is the 320 series (red handle)
XCohNQlNMag-00075-00038514-00039080 and then the 345 series (wooden color handle).
XCohNQlNMag-00076-00039080-00039640 So these three series are my favorites because they are short handled and they come in
XCohNQlNMag-00077-00039682-00039882 pretty small brushes. *They are all available in individual purchase & 5 brush set.
XCohNQlNMag-00078-00039976-00040472 But if you want to try out that has like a longer handle you can definitely
XCohNQlNMag-00079-00040614-00040940 go and check it out for yourself.
XCohNQlNMag-00080-00040974-00041374 They also have like this big brushes.
XCohNQlNMag-00081-00042320-00042562 And then comes to color pencils
XCohNQlNMag-00082-00042734-00042955 Yep, those are all
XCohNQlNMag-00083-00043028-00043386 Individual color pencils that you can get from this shop
XCohNQlNMag-00084-00043484-00044162 Amazing. I really like it. I just like trying individual pencils.
XCohNQlNMag-00085-00044352-00044828 I chose one of those, no actually two of those col-erase pencils,
XCohNQlNMag-00086-00044866-00045272 and then we're moving upstairs.
XCohNQlNMag-00087-00045352-00045977 Yeah, they have a second floor where they have canvases and papers.
XCohNQlNMag-00088-00046126-00046373 And this random dude was just
XCohNQlNMag-00089-00046450-00046650 next to the stair and
XCohNQlNMag-00090-00046684-00046884 I was just mind blowing because
XCohNQlNMag-00091-00046984-00047283 two canvases with mini easel was like
XCohNQlNMag-00092-00047353-00047553 four dollars.
XCohNQlNMag-00093-00047677-00047877 It was so cute!!
XCohNQlNMag-00094-00048580-00048885 Yep, this is like the paper section
XCohNQlNMag-00095-00048979-00049289 And you can I have like any paper
XCohNQlNMag-00096-00049363-00049563 in almost any color
XCohNQlNMag-00097-00049654-00049854 And
XCohNQlNMag-00098-00050428-00050750 The other half is the canvas section.
XCohNQlNMag-00099-00050821-00051119 It's better to ask them
XCohNQlNMag-00100-00051193-00051392 what you need.
XCohNQlNMag-00101-00051708-00052250 And they also have a swatch book for papers, this is the
XCohNQlNMag-00102-00052326-00052528 watercolor paper version.
XCohNQlNMag-00103-00052620-00053012 I don't think they have all the papers organized liked this.
XCohNQlNMag-00104-00053076-00053446 They have papers of specific use only.
XCohNQlNMag-00105-00053551-00053976 But it's great. You can touch the paper you can see the grains and
XCohNQlNMag-00106-00054100-00054277 You can see
XCohNQlNMag-00107-00054277-00054477 how much it is as well.
XCohNQlNMag-00108-00054499-00054699 So this is really helpful.
XCohNQlNMag-00109-00054913-00055310 I was just kind of wondering if I should get like a Sanford
XCohNQlNMag-00110-00055383-00055616 extra white paper or not
XCohNQlNMag-00111-00055714-00055914 But I didn't.
XCohNQlNMag-00112-00057294-00057612 So right next to the stairs *we came down to the first floor again
XCohNQlNMag-00113-00057640-00058228 You have this trolley that has everything on special sale.
XCohNQlNMag-00114-00058332-00058643 This Liquitex set was like
XCohNQlNMag-00115-00058770-00058982 thirty dollars or so.
XCohNQlNMag-00116-00059149-00059558 With twelve elements, but it was not really 12 paints.
XCohNQlNMag-00117-00059595-00060148 It was like six or seven paints and then brushes and here we have
XCohNQlNMag-00118-00060230-00060436 the older prismacolor
XCohNQlNMag-00119-00060533-00060772 which is written like Berol in there. *My iphone 6 lost the focus in here. sorry :(
XCohNQlNMag-00120-00060846-00061244 And they are less than a dollar.
XCohNQlNMag-00121-00061370-00062079 they are 0.89 dollars. I checked the exchange rate for you guys.
XCohNQlNMag-00122-00062708-00062908 And they also have like
XCohNQlNMag-00123-00063004-00063570 the test packs of sennelier watercolor which was
XCohNQlNMag-00124-00063742-00063942 16 dollars     ( + $0.83)
XCohNQlNMag-00125-00064085-00064317 Approximately 17 dollars and
XCohNQlNMag-00126-00064570-00065050 They had like that six half pen set as well
XCohNQlNMag-00127-00065055-00065382 On sale and this one is two professional watercolor
XCohNQlNMag-00128-00065455-00065656 set from Winsor& Newton.
XCohNQlNMag-00129-00065861-00066222 It was like a 5ml, 20 tubes
XCohNQlNMag-00130-00066494-00066694 And
XCohNQlNMag-00131-00066722-00066998 63.77 dollars.
XCohNQlNMag-00132-00067150-00067928 I had plenty of watercolors in my home so I didn't really made an investment.
XCohNQlNMag-00133-00068008-00068448 Yeah, I don't really need smaller tubes. So I passed on that.
XCohNQlNMag-00134-00068678-00069080 This is the VIP card. If you're staying longer in Korea,
XCohNQlNMag-00135-00069110-00069508 just ask the staff to make you one. *No fee needed
XCohNQlNMag-00136-00069548-00070004 This place is Seoul Art Space Seogyo.
XCohNQlNMag-00137-00070052-00070686 And this is just right around the corner. I sometimes just come here and
XCohNQlNMag-00138-00070837-00071007 use this place for free.
XCohNQlNMag-00139-00071007-00071667 It's just open for public use and you can have access to a free Wi-Fi
XCohNQlNMag-00140-00071747-00071923 and
XCohNQlNMag-00141-00071923-00072402 You can have free electricity and also they give you a free coffee.
XCohNQlNMag-00142-00072823-00073116 So I dropped by to
XCohNQlNMag-00143-00073361-00073561 take a sip of coffee
XCohNQlNMag-00144-00073616-00074130 And think about what to do next because I was pretty exhausted
XCohNQlNMag-00145-00074233-00074433 after filming these.
XCohNQlNMag-00146-00074557-00074778 You have to use this cup
XCohNQlNMag-00147-00074836-00075423 in order to get the coffee and of course you have to wash it after you've used it.
XCohNQlNMag-00148-00075496-00075696 It's a must!
XCohNQlNMag-00149-00075764-00076068 So I went on with a stronger coffee.
XCohNQlNMag-00150-00076340-00076540 These are donated books.
XCohNQlNMag-00151-00076734-00077188 And I don't want to know if all of them are donated, but
XCohNQlNMag-00152-00077364-00078049 most of them are catalogs and design related art books.
XCohNQlNMag-00153-00078417-00078784 You can just grab a magazine and enjoy yourself.
XCohNQlNMag-00154-00079005-00079232 My coffee is ready and it's pretty good, actually.
XCohNQlNMag-00155-00079498-00080194 I hope you enjoy this vlogmas and see you soon.
XCohNQlNMag-00156-00080194-00080354 Bye
XCohNQlNMag-00157-00080354-00080554 Thanks alot for watching :)
XCohNQlNMag-00158-00080554-00080754 Feel free to leave comments down below ♥︎
XCohNQlNMag-00159-00080754-00080954 Take care
XIXT_dNLJRA-00027-00008045-00009102 Welcome to my channel RifkatXband
XJNhEXNzu3g-00000-00000112-00000694 Welcome back MechanicalEI, Did you know that expansivity and compressibility are the deciding
XJNhEXNzu3g-00001-00000694-00001041 factors for the application of a certain fluid?
XJNhEXNzu3g-00002-00001041-00001962 This makes us wonder, What is expansivity and compressibility?
XJNhEXNzu3g-00003-00001962-00002382 Before we jump in check out the previous part of this series to learn about the thermodynamic
XJNhEXNzu3g-00004-00002382-00002609 relations.
XJNhEXNzu3g-00005-00002609-00003307 Now, expansivity or more technically volume expansivity is the fractional increase in
XJNhEXNzu3g-00006-00003307-00003751 volume of a solid, liquid, or gas per unit rise in temperature, i.e.
XJNhEXNzu3g-00007-00003751-00005087 Vf = Vi (1 + γθ), where γ is the cubic expansivity which is equal to 3α, alpha being
XJNhEXNzu3g-00008-00005087-00005623 the coefficient of thermal expansion.
XJNhEXNzu3g-00009-00005623-00006055 Isothermal compressibility (also known as the coefficient of compressibility or simply
XJNhEXNzu3g-00010-00006055-00006643 compressibility is a measure of the relative volume change of a fluid or solid as a response
XJNhEXNzu3g-00011-00006643-00006903 to a pressure (or mean stress) change.
XJNhEXNzu3g-00012-00006903-00007340 It is denoted by beta.
XJNhEXNzu3g-00013-00007340-00007814 The credit of uniting these quantities go to Julius Robert Mayer.
XJNhEXNzu3g-00014-00007814-00008311 He derived a relation between specific heat at constant pressure and the specific heat
XJNhEXNzu3g-00015-00008311-00008922 at constant volume with coefficient of thermal expansion and isothermal compressibility.
XJNhEXNzu3g-00016-00008922-00009436 This relation in his honour is called Mayer’s relation.
XJNhEXNzu3g-00017-00009436-00010228 Hence, we learned about what expansivity is and then about what compressibility is and
XJNhEXNzu3g-00018-00010228-00012830 then saw them relate to each other using Mayer’s relation.
XNhwU7KNKjE-00000-00000138-00000244 Hey guys..
XNhwU7KNKjE-00001-00000244-00000821 In this video I have captured the man of the match award winners in previous 10 world cups
XNhwU7KNKjE-00002-00000821-00001011 1979 WI won the math and man of the match was
XNhwU7KNKjE-00003-00001011-00001300 Viv Richards who scored 138 runs not out
XNhwU7KNKjE-00004-00001300-00002032 1983, India pulled up a miracle by defeting WI, man of the match was Mohinder Amarnath.
XNhwU7KNKjE-00005-00002032-00002849 He scored 26 and took 3 wickets giving only 12 runs..and bowled the winning ball..
XNhwU7KNKjE-00006-00002849-00003116 1987 it was David Boon with 75 runs
XNhwU7KNKjE-00007-00003116-00003475 1992 Wasim akram with 33 runs and 3/39 bowling figures
XNhwU7KNKjE-00008-00003475-00004236 In 1996, it was Arvinda De silva with 107 runs and 3/39 bowling figures
XNhwU7KNKjE-00009-00004236-00004583 1999 it was Shane Warne with 4/33
XNhwU7KNKjE-00010-00004583-00005410 2003 was Ricky ponting with 140
XNhwU7KNKjE-00011-00005410-00006177 2007 was Adam Gilchrist with 149
XNhwU7KNKjE-00012-00006177-00006759 2011 was Dhoni with 91 not out
XNhwU7KNKjE-00013-00006759-00007642 2015 it was australian James Faulker with 3/36
XNhwU7KNKjE-00014-00007642-00008081 Comment down belwo who will be man of the match in 2019 final worldcup..
XS78CxQYbRQ-00001-00000200-00000400 hello guys 
XS78CxQYbRQ-00004-00000800-00001000 well ocme my channal
XS78CxQYbRQ-00007-00001400-00001600 cis lazy gaming
XS78CxQYbRQ-00010-00002000-00002200 please support me like and subscribe
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00000-00000730-00001144 Many rivers in Wyoming flow through narrow rock walled canyons.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00001-00001144-00001678 These canyons make an excellent location for reservoirs as you can see from the one behind
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00002-00001678-00001778 me.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00003-00001778-00002280 Reservoirs are built for a variety of reasons ranging from water storage to irrigation allocation,
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00004-00002280-00002475 and hydroelectricity.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00005-00002475-00003030 These structures affect and alter the river structures, flora, fauna, and ecosystem of
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00006-00003030-00003130 the river.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00007-00003130-00003662 The alterations can provide positive and negative impacts depending on the particular species
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00008-00003662-00003825 of interest.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00009-00003825-00004385 The water released directly below the reservoirs is sometimes referred to as tailwaters.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00010-00004385-00004709 Many trout species benefit from tailwaters.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00011-00004709-00005205 Due to the specific heat of water, water released is abnormally warmer in the winter.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00012-00005205-00005653 The opposite is true for summer with abnormally colder water released.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00013-00005653-00006211 Sediments are also trapped within the reservoir releasing low turbidity flows making tailwaters
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00014-00006211-00006579 ideal habitat for native and non-native trout.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00015-00006579-00006827 Other species however do not benefit.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00016-00006827-00007289 Migratory fish species that need to move up and down the river system for breeding and
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00017-00007289-00007534 feeding locations become trapped.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00018-00007534-00007950 Bypasses are structures that are built to allow fish passage.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00019-00007950-00008424 While all tailwaters are not productive trout fisheries, there are many opportunities that
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00020-00008424-00008750 exist within the state for outdoor enthusiasts.
XSOS_Fh-qeM-00021-00008750-00009168 From the University of Wyoming Extension I’m Brian Sebade, Exploring the Nature of Wyoming
XTrxRmzboIM-00000-00000542-00001038 Hi, I’m Matthew Renze, with Pluralsight, and welcome to Data Science: The Big Picture.
XTrxRmzboIM-00001-00001038-00001484 Data science is the practice of transforming raw data into actionable insight.
XTrxRmzboIM-00002-00001484-00001818 In our data-driven economy, this set of skills is in extremely high demand,
XTrxRmzboIM-00003-00001818-00002042 and commanding significant increases in salary,
XTrxRmzboIM-00004-00002042-00002312 as it’s revolutionizing the world around us.
XTrxRmzboIM-00005-00002312-00002612 However, most developers and IT professionals have not yet learned
XTrxRmzboIM-00006-00002612-00002816 this valuable set of skills.
XTrxRmzboIM-00007-00002817-00003085 In this course, we’ll answer the following three questions:
XTrxRmzboIM-00008-00003085-00003243 What is data science?
XTrxRmzboIM-00009-00003244-00003392 Why is it important?
XTrxRmzboIM-00010-00003392-00003614 And where is this all going?
XTrxRmzboIM-00011-00003614-00003832 To answer these questions, we’ll look a series of trends
XTrxRmzboIM-00012-00003832-00004046 that are driving the data science revolution, including:
XTrxRmzboIM-00013-00004046-00004512 data analytics, the Internet of Things, Big Data, and machine learning.
XTrxRmzboIM-00014-00004512-00004757 Finally, we’ll see how all of these trends are converging
XTrxRmzboIM-00015-00004757-00005153 to create fully autonomous intelligent systems which will likely revolutionize our economy
XTrxRmzboIM-00016-00005153-00005371 and our world as we know it.
XTrxRmzboIM-00017-00005371-00005603 By the end of this course, you’ll understand data science,
XTrxRmzboIM-00018-00005603-00006024 and the tools, technology, and trends driving the data science revolution.
XTrxRmzboIM-00019-00006024-00006321 As an introductory course, there are no prerequisites for this course.
XTrxRmzboIM-00020-00006322-00006647 We’ll be explaining everything you need to know along the way.
XTrxRmzboIM-00021-00006647-00006942 So please join us today at Pluralsight and learn how to become part of
XTrxRmzboIM-00022-00006942-00007264 the data science revolution with  Data Science: The Big Picture.
XVugB1aBA0I-00000-00000582-00000735 When we look at how access
XVugB1aBA0I-00001-00000750-00000882 used to be guaranteed,
XVugB1aBA0I-00002-00000897-00001366 then we can say that up to about 10 years ago
XVugB1aBA0I-00003-00001381-00001986 we provided patients with the useful, optimal treatments.
XVugB1aBA0I-00004-00002001-00002486 In the last 5 to 10 years the situation has significantly deteriorated.
XVugB1aBA0I-00005-00002501-00003170 That’s undoubtedly because the price of medicines is skyrocketing
XVugB1aBA0I-00006-00003185-00003565 at a rate that is now beyond reason.
XVugB1aBA0I-00007-00004226-00004718 There are a lot of black boxes for the causes of this price rise.
XVugB1aBA0I-00008-00004733-00004930 There has been no explanation
XVugB1aBA0I-00009-00004945-00005246 that manages to justify the increase in prices.
XVugB1aBA0I-00010-00005261-00005885 Investigations into the matter show that certain drugs go to market
XVugB1aBA0I-00011-00005900-00006586 and earn ten times the cost of developing them within a year.
XVugB1aBA0I-00012-00006601-00006865 We now see the problem escalating
XVugB1aBA0I-00013-00006880-00007158 in a very rich country like Switzerland.
XVugB1aBA0I-00014-00007173-00007565 If we don’t deal with it then I can only imagine
XVugB1aBA0I-00015-00007580-00007973 the kind of multi-track drugs system we’ll be facing.
XVugB1aBA0I-00016-00007989-00008438 And if that happens it will cause a serious problem in our society.
XVugB1aBA0I-00017-00008453-00008682 I find it intolerable.
XVugB1aBA0I-00018-00009182-00009900 I believe that it can be resolved, because the prices currently being demanded
XVugB1aBA0I-00019-00009915-00010402 are completely unnecessary and unjustified.
XVugB1aBA0I-00020-00010417-00011034 I hope that the black box on price rises will be opened,
XVugB1aBA0I-00021-00011049-00011406 that rational access to solutions will be provided,
XVugB1aBA0I-00022-00011421-00011915 that a link will be established between proven development costs,
XVugB1aBA0I-00023-00011930-00012314 the price that is set and the size of the market.
XVugB1aBA0I-00024-00012329-00012782 The political community must call for such transparency.
XVugB1aBA0I-00025-00012797-00013280 I think that in light of the financial crisis and dieselgate,
XVugB1aBA0I-00026-00013294-00013634 we should make sure there isn’t a pharmagate.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00000-00000014-00000125 Hello, my name is Mark.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00001-00000215-00000671 I've spent over 20 years working with the army and Department of Defense.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00002-00000712-00001100 Its with deepest regret I come say that I cannot support the
XVJYAk-sDz8-00003-00001166-00001487 Republican candidate this year.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00004-00001496-00001923 He lacks strategic leadership, lacks strategic vision.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00005-00002204-00002567 He puts himself above the Republican party.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00006-00002659-00002873 He puts himself above the country.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00007-00002894-00003095 He claims he's done much for our country.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00008-00003332-00003674 I always get scared when somebody says I have done something.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00009-00003707-00003809 He has done nothing.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00010-00003902-00004427 What good has come, has come from people who have done good things in spite of him.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00011-00004563-00005082 The economy was good when he inherited from the previous administration
XVJYAk-sDz8-00012-00005095-00005455 and any economist will tell you it takes two or three years for any
XVJYAk-sDz8-00013-00005491-00005671 policy changes to have a good effect.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00014-00005839-00006214 We're in a crisis, a crisis of our political health,
XVJYAk-sDz8-00015-00006229-00006373 crisis of her physical health.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00016-00006523-00007237 If he has strategic vision, when he took office in January of 2017, why didn't
XVJYAk-sDz8-00017-00007237-00007722 he check and see if we're covered for medical supplies to handle a pandemic.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00018-00007911-00008496 He had three years to get the supplies together and be prepared.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00019-00008565-00009012 That's an indication of no strategic vision.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00020-00009012-00009207 He claimed he rebuilt the military.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00021-00009417-00009663 Those of you who were in the military who've watched us,
XVJYAk-sDz8-00022-00009888-00010026 there was nothing to be rebuilt.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00023-00010209-00010800 We had a strong military he inherited from prior administrations.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00024-00010886-00011076 We're the most modern military in the world.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00025-00011349-00011439 He didn't do that.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00026-00011586-00011808 Look at the acquisitions, look at the budget.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00027-00012042-00012637 There's a good, strong military today not because of him- in spite of him.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00028-00012932-00013387 In November, it is with deep regret, I will not vote for a Republican candidate.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00029-00013619-00014041 Any vote that is not for Biden, is a vote for Trump.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00030-00014270-00014428 To Republicans, come together.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00031-00014440-00014540 We'll call us RINOs.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00032-00014767-00015226 Except the moniker with pride as we are the true Republicans.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00033-00015433-00015921 We are the party of Lincoln and party of Eisenhower, the party of Reagan.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00034-00016048-00016781 We brought people together who saw that we were equal, saw that we had opportunities
XVJYAk-sDz8-00035-00016781-00016988 for equal chance, for equal opportunity.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00036-00017166-00017461 Not all the policies worked out, under Reagan, under Eisenhower.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00037-00017464-00018086 They had to build consensus - building consensus is a part
XVJYAk-sDz8-00038-00018086-00018254 of our form of government.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00039-00018507-00018891 Ignoring Congress, criticizing those who criticize you.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00040-00019096-00019326 Personal attacks is not a sign of a good leader.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00041-00019461-00019995 A lot of building policies, building consensus, walking across the aisle,
XVJYAk-sDz8-00042-00020121-00020337 and he criticized John McCain as a RINO.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00043-00020400-00020598 John McCain was a selfless Patriot.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00044-00020715-00021102 He put country ahead of self-interest.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00045-00021284-00021518 Country ahead of party.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00046-00021847-00022291 Country, and constitution ahead of himself.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00047-00022552-00022663 He was a public servant.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00048-00022903-00023344 In November, we all need to vote for Biden.
XVJYAk-sDz8-00049-00023536-00024062 Stand up to the tyrant who's tried to seize our government to make
XVJYAk-sDz8-00050-00024062-00024266 us look like a Russia or China.
XaB0ijQe7nc-00000-00003815-00004264 hi everyone welcome back to techworld and today we'll be doing a live stream so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00001-00004264-00004696 this is the first time live streaming with nathan and he's a new member but john is not
XaB0ijQe7nc-00002-00004696-00005304 in this channel i'm not in in not channel i mean he's not in there in this live stream
XaB0ijQe7nc-00003-00005304-00005784 he's there in the channel but he's not there in the restaurant well another
XaB0ijQe7nc-00004-00007304-00007792 okay in short editor fans hi i'm first you're new to this channel number 6
XaB0ijQe7nc-00005-00007968-00008584 so please read username of our name of us then read comment
XaB0ijQe7nc-00006-00009880-00010344 so this is a live stream chat seven so we have converted six live streams this is the seventh
XaB0ijQe7nc-00007-00010344-00010976 live stream so yeah i will read the names first of all then we will read the cover
XaB0ijQe7nc-00008-00010976-00011664 so first of all as always in comments also you do comment first in the videos and i think i want
XaB0ijQe7nc-00009-00011664-00012784 to see something that uh we support you we sub uh we subscribe to your channel yeah he did it
XaB0ijQe7nc-00010-00013791-00014304 we're getting support from you and some people very less people because i don't know why
XaB0ijQe7nc-00011-00014304-00014784 but uh less people right now before it was like so much support right now it's just support
XaB0ijQe7nc-00012-00014912-00015584 okay next how is style uh your video is amazing thanks
XaB0ijQe7nc-00013-00016000-00016592 thanks even you want to support our channel but not regular but eventually
XaB0ijQe7nc-00014-00016744-00018384 regularly every time i see here you see right now yes
XaB0ijQe7nc-00015-00019544-00020216 quantum tech both review phones only now not only phones where we review some some
XaB0ijQe7nc-00016-00020216-00021096 things also like a new video is coming up like maybe we will review a tv or a card maybe like if
XaB0ijQe7nc-00017-00021776-00022288 full universe i mean i think electronic gadgets things in full world so we will try to do
XaB0ijQe7nc-00018-00022288-00023088 gadget review also and um for that uh we need new sidebar also right now you see right
XaB0ijQe7nc-00019-00023088-00023480 we make sidebars all right so we have to check what are the things to be added in
XaB0ijQe7nc-00020-00023480-00023904 the sidebar or else without standby you will not understand what topic we are talking about
XaB0ijQe7nc-00021-00025160-00025384 okay
XaB0ijQe7nc-00022-00025824-00026783 right now now it's and now it is
XaB0ijQe7nc-00023-00028120-00028400 days great views of life thank you
XaB0ijQe7nc-00024-00029127-00029544 so you also not that regular but in livestream you are a regular
XaB0ijQe7nc-00025-00029544-00030256 but now i don't see we don't see in the comments you about i like your comments but i think i saw
XaB0ijQe7nc-00026-00030256-00031016 we saw it yesterday actually we made so many uh we recorded the video earlier but we uh uploaded
XaB0ijQe7nc-00027-00031016-00031727 the video together so yesterday we uploaded like two three videos together apple samsung uh oppo
XaB0ijQe7nc-00028-00031727-00032504 x5 pro find x5 so yeah next is business instead of every time you say the same thing retails review
XaB0ijQe7nc-00029-00032504-00033240 you me yeah we make a latest video detailed video this sidebar right right over here the new style
XaB0ijQe7nc-00030-00033296-00033784 um that uh was founded by me and we both edit right now we both edit
XaB0ijQe7nc-00031-00033784-00034168 and we both make thumbnails so because john is not there if he was there then we would do
XaB0ijQe7nc-00032-00034552-00034744 first i am there
XaB0ijQe7nc-00033-00035016-00035184 i am here
XaB0ijQe7nc-00034-00036672-00037984 this we need support we have the same subscriber only please first we have to merge this and then
XaB0ijQe7nc-00035-00039232-00040080 leave 3d now very good camera very good quality friends we do have nice quality cameras over here
XaB0ijQe7nc-00036-00040216-00041016 one time uh one time he commented in the live stream and he said uh jonas he said
XaB0ijQe7nc-00037-00041016-00041840 in the reply that uh in a string dsc i had a bad call left camera that time his mother kim
XaB0ijQe7nc-00038-00042128-00043120 and the previous live df3d purely recommended that your camera is bad partner like that
XaB0ijQe7nc-00039-00043552-00044280 so maybe bts will be coming soon i i edited the video but i forgot to upload i think
XaB0ijQe7nc-00040-00044280-00044984 no i uploaded i think i uploaded last week or last
XaB0ijQe7nc-00041-00045512-00046032 same people were coming in the last several six times ask your questions also about the
XaB0ijQe7nc-00042-00046032-00046560 technological reviews what we do any improvement or any improvement or any
XaB0ijQe7nc-00043-00046560-00047448 changes or something you can say you also speak happiness you're great yeah thanks
XaB0ijQe7nc-00044-00047704-00048112 we are trying to improve our type of editing and type of videos over here
XaB0ijQe7nc-00045-00048112-00048416 so support more than we'll be able to do
XaB0ijQe7nc-00046-00048904-00049624 and please say how is our reviews and how is our comments i mean not our comments how was our
XaB0ijQe7nc-00047-00049624-00050584 editing style we both had it we both come here also now because jonas
XaB0ijQe7nc-00048-00050936-00051080 okay good music right
XaB0ijQe7nc-00049-00051360-00052032 okay superman there is jonas he banned uh somewhere in india
XaB0ijQe7nc-00050-00052032-00052616 he came india from india today so maybe he will come tomorrow if he's offline then we both will
XaB0ijQe7nc-00051-00052616-00053384 make videos tomorrow also if he comes then we'll make video three three videos together
XaB0ijQe7nc-00052-00059944-00060384 okay everything goes keep it up
XaB0ijQe7nc-00053-00062896-00063184 okay
XaB0ijQe7nc-00054-00064960-00065984 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00055-00070064-00070184 people
XaB0ijQe7nc-00056-00070400-00070984 that check for bts that in the main challenge we uploaded that time he introduced i think some he
XaB0ijQe7nc-00057-00070984-00071560 said john said that he has some particular relationship and then that time showed the
XaB0ijQe7nc-00058-00071560-00072096 air like and took the camera and then near to him he came here to me like the phone near the phone
XaB0ijQe7nc-00059-00072264-00072984 that video if you have not seen it i think let's use only 20 views
XaB0ijQe7nc-00060-00073472-00074384 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00061-00076248-00077184 oh goodness
XaB0ijQe7nc-00062-00079720-00079832 outro was made by
XaB0ijQe7nc-00063-00081248-00081384 loyalty free or not
XaB0ijQe7nc-00064-00083232-00084184 you can see the comment right over here
XaB0ijQe7nc-00065-00084840-00085584 uh hello bro nice to meet you in life okay
XaB0ijQe7nc-00066-00086056-00086136 nice to meet you
XaB0ijQe7nc-00067-00086360-00087080 yeah when he commander in the some videos not not that much but he's yeah he's then like
XaB0ijQe7nc-00068-00087136-00088384 not a real-life but some of sometimes
XaB0ijQe7nc-00069-00093304-00093984 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00070-00100824-00101624 in android with brand um i also do like android uh the android version i like the samsung
XaB0ijQe7nc-00071-00101624-00102432 something to ultra it's like that's a very good phone especially s22 which is very handy like
XaB0ijQe7nc-00072-00102432-00103056 you can keep it in your hands properly and the uh feature which we can charge the mobile on the back
XaB0ijQe7nc-00073-00103056-00103696 of it if you did not know you can check out the video which we uploaded yesterday too then when
XaB0ijQe7nc-00074-00105008-00105696 okay so in my opinion i like android phone but only samsung and uh it's a xiaomi also but
XaB0ijQe7nc-00075-00105696-00106392 something more and even i like apple iphone 13 pro mac but we cannot afford these two
XaB0ijQe7nc-00076-00106392-00106872 phones even no phone but look we can afford the old c phones or with the old
XaB0ijQe7nc-00077-00107080-00107704 but after some years we can ask what i think i think after some years around five seven ten years
XaB0ijQe7nc-00078-00107776-00108392 but i don't think this channel will live until 10 years or something like that more time for like
XaB0ijQe7nc-00079-00108392-00109000 more than 10 years i think this year until then this year or next year okay apple i like iphone
XaB0ijQe7nc-00080-00109000-00109864 x but uh more uh it explain to ultra there's a pen also and i like actually provides for battery
XaB0ijQe7nc-00081-00109928-00110672 as well as that folding red uh the design or satellite but the edges right that is not friendly
XaB0ijQe7nc-00082-00110672-00111328 when you hold it you get hand marks right over here and uh extend water i like it i ordered it as
XaB0ijQe7nc-00083-00111328-00111944 david yesterday and both the phones have holded it in the shop and i like both of
XaB0ijQe7nc-00084-00111944-00112544 them it looks really good but i found that my max is thick and uh otherwise thin that's 20.
XaB0ijQe7nc-00085-00112608-00113111 and both are really good really good yeah who is rich they can buy both of them
XaB0ijQe7nc-00086-00113320-00114983 okay next anyone else
XaB0ijQe7nc-00087-00121304-00122120 in csl the background music is not uh ncs it wasn't better than mine yes thank you so much
XaB0ijQe7nc-00088-00122383-00122783 oh come on game the background music is not ncs what is ncs
XaB0ijQe7nc-00089-00123104-00123768 let's check what is ncr non-copyrighted music ah that we don't use only for intro because
XaB0ijQe7nc-00090-00123768-00124224 interest is more loud but background music is less so that'll not get caught right but it
XaB0ijQe7nc-00091-00124224-00124816 is actually really good i like that epidemic we use epidemic epidemic that's music that's really
XaB0ijQe7nc-00092-00124816-00126232 good so far than non-copyright sound better than yours if you are ncs sound somewhere
XaB0ijQe7nc-00093-00126232-00126920 it's the chance that we'll be regular in this uh like in these two months but of course
XaB0ijQe7nc-00094-00127008-00127888 yeah from i think the last video will be this saturday then we will do it from august 12 13
XaB0ijQe7nc-00095-00127888-00128544 we will continue making money if we're going in yes he is not going um can you make a video alone
XaB0ijQe7nc-00096-00128928-00130383 i don't know if he will come on i don't think
XaB0ijQe7nc-00097-00131248-00131968 business when his iphone 14 series launched do something about that make some videos about
XaB0ijQe7nc-00098-00131968-00132864 that or news yeah we will be doing that about uh iphone 14 series we will create a video soon we'll
XaB0ijQe7nc-00099-00132864-00133648 do we'll make so many videos relating to iphone 14 uh soon and uh so that you can get more views
XaB0ijQe7nc-00100-00133968-00134584 how it is going to look like and yeah
XaB0ijQe7nc-00101-00135168-00135984 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00102-00141032-00141584 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00103-00145864-00146672 t-r-e i bought iphone 13 pro max last week okay very good how was it how was the phone
XaB0ijQe7nc-00104-00146800-00147384 do you have any feedbacks about the phone like which everyone would like to know
XaB0ijQe7nc-00105-00148280-00149984 excellent okay nice how could you afford it hmm
XaB0ijQe7nc-00106-00152392-00153072 wait uh diary do you want it yeah we would like our iphone 34 for max
XaB0ijQe7nc-00107-00153344-00154184 of course
XaB0ijQe7nc-00108-00155928-00156472 oh yeah um what is this
XaB0ijQe7nc-00109-00156792-00156984 here
XaB0ijQe7nc-00110-00158176-00158592 by the time we get money it will be iphone 25 from back to home
XaB0ijQe7nc-00111-00159072-00159696 takes much time well that money my job i'm saying job that money not
XaB0ijQe7nc-00112-00161544-00162584 i like that one
XaB0ijQe7nc-00113-00163632-00164200 now your channel is likely is going to death yeah most probably
XaB0ijQe7nc-00114-00164424-00165432 now your son is likely going is going to dead oh oh the views
XaB0ijQe7nc-00115-00166240-00166688 views yeah we use us like so let's know very less around like 20
XaB0ijQe7nc-00116-00167888-00168184 foreign
XaB0ijQe7nc-00117-00171400-00172384 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00118-00173408-00173784 m
XaB0ijQe7nc-00119-00174440-00175184 thanks for the thanks for following us in instagram it helped a lot thanks
XaB0ijQe7nc-00120-00175568-00175624 who's this
XaB0ijQe7nc-00121-00176320-00176344 one
XaB0ijQe7nc-00122-00177904-00178576 thanks thanks for support but we need more support in youtube because we make video in youtube
XaB0ijQe7nc-00123-00178760-00178944 this is a platform where we make videos
XaB0ijQe7nc-00124-00179160-00179384 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00125-00180896-00182184 where's the music
XaB0ijQe7nc-00126-00183568-00184056 okay what is this i totally forgot about the gold channel oh you forgot our channel
XaB0ijQe7nc-00127-00184240-00184984 no wrong number no problem no problem no problem
XaB0ijQe7nc-00128-00185280-00186384 no problem
XaB0ijQe7nc-00129-00187632-00187784 thank you
XaB0ijQe7nc-00130-00191976-00192304 gives true reliable and accurate information
XaB0ijQe7nc-00131-00192304-00193384 i don't think thanks thanks but the starting we gave some wrong information about the iphone
XaB0ijQe7nc-00132-00193520-00194784 thanks so much for your support
XaB0ijQe7nc-00133-00198800-00198984 to
XaB0ijQe7nc-00134-00199376-00199824 so one percent iphone 14 series news you have to make
XaB0ijQe7nc-00135-00199824-00200368 will make soon i'll just write it yeah all right i fought
XaB0ijQe7nc-00136-00200616-00201784 14 serious news okay
XaB0ijQe7nc-00137-00203048-00203184 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00138-00204104-00204584 ugh
XaB0ijQe7nc-00139-00206200-00206367 read the next coming nathaniel
XaB0ijQe7nc-00140-00206976-00207232 uh good good
XaB0ijQe7nc-00141-00208696-00209119 right google pixel google pixel 60
XaB0ijQe7nc-00142-00209616-00209904 we make two videos in one day we'll upload it each day
XaB0ijQe7nc-00143-00210040-00211584 we'll be creating about iphone 14 and uh google pixel secret okay
XaB0ijQe7nc-00144-00212119-00212552 new person wow nice to see see you see about yourself
XaB0ijQe7nc-00145-00212784-00213816 so my name is i um i live in dubai and i i'd like to like participate in this channel that's it
XaB0ijQe7nc-00146-00213984-00214384 thank you for asking techcrunch
XaB0ijQe7nc-00147-00214952-00215319 yeah first person asking about your is a new
XaB0ijQe7nc-00148-00215392-00215840 person information any goal for um youtube channel or
XaB0ijQe7nc-00149-00216448-00216840 one more why you joined we joined um
XaB0ijQe7nc-00150-00216936-00218584 i joined because i had interest in this channel so i asked john so here let me in
XaB0ijQe7nc-00151-00221016-00222784 hope this channel hits thousand subscribers so you guys have to help us to reach 1000 subscribers
XaB0ijQe7nc-00152-00225328-00225584 is
XaB0ijQe7nc-00153-00225823-00225904 thank you support
XaB0ijQe7nc-00154-00226288-00226328 okay
XaB0ijQe7nc-00155-00226664-00227056 any more review or something for any suggestion or something
XaB0ijQe7nc-00156-00227319-00227744 daily book review i love your videos thank you so much really quickly
XaB0ijQe7nc-00157-00227960-00228384 who is that uh daily booklet you are neutral subscribe
XaB0ijQe7nc-00158-00228656-00229784 daily book review
XaB0ijQe7nc-00159-00232400-00233984 um 13 early announcement write this down also was this md um
XaB0ijQe7nc-00160-00235071-00235384 you just subscribed
XaB0ijQe7nc-00161-00235592-00235960 thanks for supporting and you please support us continuously
XaB0ijQe7nc-00162-00236071-00236408 we didn't make video for a long time uh because
XaB0ijQe7nc-00163-00236408-00238184 that time we were busy and we started knowing your video but i mean not really i mean live
XaB0ijQe7nc-00164-00238919-00239584 uh
XaB0ijQe7nc-00165-00243167-00243784 thanks really for subscribing uh yeah
XaB0ijQe7nc-00166-00245008-00245184 rumored
XaB0ijQe7nc-00167-00245416-00245560 so is this phone released
XaB0ijQe7nc-00168-00245784-00246584 rumored
XaB0ijQe7nc-00169-00247080-00247984 oh
XaB0ijQe7nc-00170-00248688-00249384 uh official attack you man rumored review please okay we will write this person
XaB0ijQe7nc-00171-00249440-00250144 about what something i see samsung galaxy jet flip set flip starbucks edition
XaB0ijQe7nc-00172-00250423-00250448 for
XaB0ijQe7nc-00173-00250671-00250736 pop
XaB0ijQe7nc-00174-00251016-00252208 we do know that starbucks partnered with samsung you know
XaB0ijQe7nc-00175-00252208-00253584 yeah we will be doing a review about that also okay
XaB0ijQe7nc-00176-00257704-00257784 oh
XaB0ijQe7nc-00177-00263320-00263768 and that pixels on screen did you get any complained about that we didn't
XaB0ijQe7nc-00178-00263768-00264784 have the phone we didn't we don't have the phone then how will we get the complaint
XaB0ijQe7nc-00179-00271192-00271784 okay thanks joshua
XaB0ijQe7nc-00180-00273136-00273224 having allergies
XaB0ijQe7nc-00181-00274280-00274584 wait i uh no what did you say i didn't hear
XaB0ijQe7nc-00182-00274984-00275568 what did you say in here that uh iq 10 and 10 complete specification give us a video
XaB0ijQe7nc-00183-00275680-00275984 yeah so what should we do
XaB0ijQe7nc-00184-00276664-00277384 just uh write it down we should give it as a video so just write the mobile down okay
XaB0ijQe7nc-00185-00279840-00280184 20 more minutes for the stream to end
XaB0ijQe7nc-00186-00280624-00281584 what is it
XaB0ijQe7nc-00187-00283104-00284384 ugh
XaB0ijQe7nc-00188-00285408-00285784 but we will do a tesla review
XaB0ijQe7nc-00189-00287104-00287296 license solution how will we buy the car
XaB0ijQe7nc-00190-00287968-00288584 okay my name is okay
XaB0ijQe7nc-00191-00289864-00289984 uh
XaB0ijQe7nc-00192-00292720-00292888 what can you buy actually
XaB0ijQe7nc-00193-00293280-00294184 so here my mother what can you actually buy
XaB0ijQe7nc-00194-00295328-00295584 dustpin paper
XaB0ijQe7nc-00195-00296160-00296984 what can you actually buy dustbin paper you can buy paper
XaB0ijQe7nc-00196-00297232-00298384 stand by people we can buy we can't buy dust producers
XaB0ijQe7nc-00197-00298440-00299784 in fact we can buy this phone but uh we still uh don't have a monetization format
XaB0ijQe7nc-00198-00300480-00301184 we support you guys
XaB0ijQe7nc-00199-00301312-00302584 we support you guys
XaB0ijQe7nc-00200-00303792-00303984 yes
XaB0ijQe7nc-00201-00306248-00306784 what is sabor or sabor
XaB0ijQe7nc-00202-00308616-00309584 okay okay you mean support okay thank you so much and support you guys thank you robin david
XaB0ijQe7nc-00203-00312280-00313784 misunderstanding
XaB0ijQe7nc-00204-00314904-00315184 i'm going to use
XaB0ijQe7nc-00205-00315816-00316584 i'm a youtuber pro man okay okay good
XaB0ijQe7nc-00206-00317112-00317984 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00207-00318864-00319384 you are not good i am better that's that's good actually good
XaB0ijQe7nc-00208-00321864-00322184 okay nice
XaB0ijQe7nc-00209-00322632-00323584 um
XaB0ijQe7nc-00210-00327456-00327784 i should beat you
XaB0ijQe7nc-00211-00331568-00332136 so if you have any queries please ask the livestream will uh end in five minutes
XaB0ijQe7nc-00212-00332776-00333416 but you know shit
XaB0ijQe7nc-00213-00333416-00334784 yes
XaB0ijQe7nc-00214-00335112-00336184 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00215-00337152-00337584 let's do it
XaB0ijQe7nc-00216-00340088-00340384 hmm
XaB0ijQe7nc-00217-00343424-00344584 hmm
XaB0ijQe7nc-00218-00345248-00345984 we will be ending this guy within five minutes so five seven minutes six minutes
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XaB0ijQe7nc-00224-00362248-00362784 so
XaB0ijQe7nc-00225-00363688-00364184 we'll be ending this within two minutes so yeah
XaB0ijQe7nc-00226-00364872-00365584 so
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XaB0ijQe7nc-00235-00376456-00376784 uh
XcaMfJRYWdk-00000-00000413-00000795 Microchips, macro problems.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00001-00000795-00001247 Microchips run pretty much every item you can think of from Trucks, to PS5’s, to,
XcaMfJRYWdk-00002-00001247-00001704 if you’re on the dark side of the internet, vaccines.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00003-00001704-00002390 Unfortunately, demand for these chips is currently outpacing production, creating quite the bottleneck.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00004-00002390-00002988 This is a problem for people who like to buy, sell, or organize anything running on power.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00005-00002988-00003235 The Amish though, well they’re thriving.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00006-00003235-00003497 Doubt they found this video though.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00007-00003497-00004059 So, what is happening, and how is America working to solve the problem.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00008-00004059-00004226 First, what is a microchip?
XcaMfJRYWdk-00009-00004226-00004489 It’s essentially the brains of the operation.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00010-00004489-00004952 I say, the roomba should move forward.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00011-00004952-00005428 Let me call my people over at the battery and put them in contact with the engines running
XcaMfJRYWdk-00012-00005428-00005553 the wheels.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00013-00005553-00005691 Forward ho.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00014-00005691-00006244 It’s basically the difference between an electronic device and a rechargeable paperweight.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00015-00006244-00006387 Here’s the rub.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00016-00006387-00006859 While you’d think that these shrunken brains must be incredibly expensive, they really
XcaMfJRYWdk-00017-00006859-00007360 can’t be if you want to have profitable consumer electronics at an affordable price.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00018-00007360-00008090 So, where do you go if you want to manufacture millions of incredibly cheap yet labor intensive
XcaMfJRYWdk-00019-00008090-00008245 microchips.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00020-00008245-00008418 Not America.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00021-00008418-00008968 Enter Taiwan, the manufacturer of 90% of the world’s advanced microchips.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00022-00008968-00009478 The shift from companies manufacturing chips in house to outsourcing chip manufacturing
XcaMfJRYWdk-00023-00009478-00010192 to a few third parties lead to a disconnect that is causing this bottleneck.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00024-00010192-00011177 Instead of the decentralized manufacturing process of previous decades, today half of
XcaMfJRYWdk-00025-00011177-00011467 the chips are manufactured by three companies.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00026-00011467-00011947 If something goes wrong with those companies, get ready to exchange that broken laptop for
XcaMfJRYWdk-00027-00011947-00012070 an abacus.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00028-00012070-00012799 This bottleneck was caused, not by a lack of supply, but rather a huge jump in demand.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00029-00012799-00013252 During the course of the previous year, everyone was told they were going to be stuck in their
XcaMfJRYWdk-00030-00013252-00013691 home indefinitely and then given a bunch of cash.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00031-00013691-00014454 If ever there was a good time to upgrade my electronics and buy a car it’s now.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00032-00014454-00015001 Problem is, there were so few suppliers there wasn’t much wiggle room to adjust for demand
XcaMfJRYWdk-00033-00015001-00015101 shocks.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00034-00015101-00015647 The major chip manufacturers were already running their factories 24 hours a day seven
XcaMfJRYWdk-00035-00015647-00016094 days a week.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00036-00016094-00016632 Suddenly throwing a bunch of orders on top of that is like dumping a barrel of water
XcaMfJRYWdk-00037-00016632-00017210 into a full bath and getting angry that the bath didn’t expand to prevent overflows.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00038-00017210-00017976 It takes years and billions in investment to build new chip facilities, so it looks
XcaMfJRYWdk-00039-00017976-00018557 like we’re stuck with a relatively inelastic supply for the next few years.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00040-00018557-00019155 Because of this squeeze, an interesting implicit priority system has emerged for who gets front
XcaMfJRYWdk-00041-00019155-00019396 of the line access to new chips.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00042-00019396-00019615 Not all chips are created equal.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00043-00019615-00020060 You can sell the chip that makes an iPhone work for a lot more than the chip that makes
XcaMfJRYWdk-00044-00020060-00020380 an airbag deploy in a collision.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00045-00020380-00020947 Because of this chipmakers compounded the pressure on the Auto Industry by rejiggering
XcaMfJRYWdk-00046-00020947-00021472 factory lines to better serve the consumer electronics market, which generates far more
XcaMfJRYWdk-00047-00021472-00021679 revenue for them than autos.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00048-00021679-00022326 So, everyone’s feeling the burn, but it is especially fiery for car companies where
XcaMfJRYWdk-00049-00022326-00022943 a lack of chips are setting production back to the year 1955.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00050-00022943-00023640 No airbags, power steering or brakes, and crank those windows, but we added two ashtrays
XcaMfJRYWdk-00051-00023640-00023828 per cupholder.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00052-00023828-00023956 Huh?
XcaMfJRYWdk-00053-00023956-00024241 Car manufacture has taken a huge hit.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00054-00024241-00024801 So, this brings us to the fun part of the episode, the solutions.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00055-00024801-00025335 These come in two forms, oh god, we don’t have enough chips for everything, what do
XcaMfJRYWdk-00056-00025335-00025443 we do?
XcaMfJRYWdk-00057-00025443-00026020 And, how do we prevent this from happening again a few years out.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00058-00026020-00026605 For immediate solutions we turn to Biden’s Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00059-00026605-00027116 America is circling the wagons and trying to rally the few domestic chip manufacturers
XcaMfJRYWdk-00060-00027116-00027654 still around, while boosting chip imports as much as possible.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00061-00027654-00027968 This has led to a tricky question.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00062-00027968-00028370 Cars are made in America, phones are made in China.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00063-00028370-00028899 Should the federal government intervene in domestic chip manufacturing to steer things
XcaMfJRYWdk-00064-00028899-00029177 towards our automobile industry?
XcaMfJRYWdk-00065-00029177-00029406 Ford certainly thinks so.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00066-00029406-00029952 The president of the Automotive Policy Council made the argument that, when you can’t assemble
XcaMfJRYWdk-00067-00029952-00030564 a vehicle in the U.S. because you’re missing a handful of semiconductors, that is an entirely
XcaMfJRYWdk-00068-00030564-00031205 different impact on the economy than the ability to put together a consumer electronic product
XcaMfJRYWdk-00069-00031205-00031388 in Asia.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00070-00031388-00032008 On the other side of the coin, you have chip and consumer electronics manufacturers saying…
XcaMfJRYWdk-00071-00032008-00032220 woah woah woah.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00072-00032220-00032370 Free market baby.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00073-00032370-00032601 No preferential treatment for cars.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00074-00032601-00032794 Pay to play.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00075-00032794-00033330 The logjams have caused supply-chain disruptions and production warnings across the entire
XcaMfJRYWdk-00076-00033330-00034039 economy from consumer electronics and medical devices to computer hardware and graphics
XcaMfJRYWdk-00077-00034039-00034141 chips.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00078-00034141-00034780 Why should automakers get to jump the queue over these other customers?
XcaMfJRYWdk-00079-00034780-00035351 In the end, Commerce Secretary Raimondo cited other chip users dealing with the crunch,
XcaMfJRYWdk-00080-00035351-00036024 including electronics and medical-device makers in her decision to not give the auto industry
XcaMfJRYWdk-00081-00036024-00036382 special treatment.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00082-00036382-00036776 Certainly must have made that recent Ford visit a bit awkward.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00083-00036776-00036974 We love our new made in America F-150s.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00084-00036974-00037136 Oy.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00085-00037136-00037691 Now to the other more long term solution.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00086-00037691-00038134 Instead of the difficult question of where to allocate limited resources, it’s the
XcaMfJRYWdk-00087-00038134-00038675 more fun question of, where do we back up this dumptruck full of cash?
XcaMfJRYWdk-00088-00038675-00039205 A bunch of nations are taking notes about this surprise vulnerability and making moves
XcaMfJRYWdk-00089-00039205-00039634 to re engage domestic manufacturing over the next few years.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00090-00039634-00040268 China’s really swinging for the fences with their most recent five year plan attempting
XcaMfJRYWdk-00091-00040268-00040805 to be completely independent of foreign imports.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00092-00040805-00041507 That either means building a bunch of specialized factories or look out Taiwan.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00093-00041507-00042061 On the American front things are a little more tax breaks and free market.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00094-00042061-00042466 Microchip factories are incredibly expensive and complex ventures.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00095-00042466-00043172 The goal is to offset some of those costs for entrepreneurs and companies.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00096-00043172-00043771 We’re talking a tax credit that let’s companies write off 40% of manufacturing and
XcaMfJRYWdk-00097-00043771-00044333 equipment costs for chip factories, I know, not exactly reinventing the wheel.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00098-00044333-00044927 $10 billion in federal funds to match incentives offered by local governments.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00099-00044927-00045363 Basically if a state is offering a grant or incentive for opening a chip plant, uncle
XcaMfJRYWdk-00100-00045363-00045958 sam might give silicone valley the ol’, there’s something behind your ear, oh, it’s
XcaMfJRYWdk-00101-00045958-00046077 matching funds.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00102-00046077-00046286 Keep up the good work.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00103-00046286-00046962 Lastly it would dedicate twelve billion dollars to research and development of better chips.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00104-00046962-00047436 That bill, with bipartisan support, is quietly passing through congress.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00105-00047436-00048068 So, that’s all I can imagine you would want to know about the past, present, and future
XcaMfJRYWdk-00106-00048068-00048313 of this chip shortage.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00107-00048313-00048720 With all of these countries trying to develop their own manufacturing, there are going to
XcaMfJRYWdk-00108-00048720-00049058 be a lot of chips out there in a few years.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00109-00049058-00049466 Until next time, thank you and that’s all I have to say about that.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00110-00049466-00049566 Hello YouTube.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00111-00049566-00049666 If you find this episode interesting, I made an episode about the financial history of
XcaMfJRYWdk-00112-00049666-00049766 student debt.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00113-00049766-00049866 Link over here.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00114-00049866-00049966 Thank you to my Patrons for helping me put out my videos.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00115-00049966-00050363 If you want to support independent nonpartisan news looking into the overlooked, click on
XcaMfJRYWdk-00116-00050363-00050566 that link in the description.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00117-00050566-00051166 Like, subscribe, and do all that fun Youtube stuff.
XcaMfJRYWdk-00118-00051166-00051415 Lastly, as always, thank you for watching.
Xmypa8tyTHu-00000-00000552-00001024 so welcome to state of the source this is the talk on would open source
Xmypa8tyTHu-00001-00001024-00001463 trademarks benefit from a foundation
Xmypa8tyTHu-00002-00001463-00001823 inspired by the announcement in july of 2020
Xmypa8tyTHu-00003-00001823-00002184 that google was creating the open usage commons
Xmypa8tyTHu-00004-00002184-00002551 which was an entity designed specifically for the ownership of open
Xmypa8tyTHu-00005-00002551-00002856 source trademarks the google announcement said
Xmypa8tyTHu-00006-00002856-00003192 specifically that it would not provide services outside the realm of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00007-00003192-00003671 usage such as technical mentorship community management project events or
Xmypa8tyTHu-00008-00003671-00004032 project marketing strictly on trademarks so as a trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00009-00004032-00004471 lawyer one working in open source i found that to be a really interesting
Xmypa8tyTHu-00010-00004471-00004912 concept and so read up with some interest and i
Xmypa8tyTHu-00011-00004912-00005248 found some assumptions in the google announcement that i thought were very
Xmypa8tyTHu-00012-00005248-00005712 interesting and worth sort of further discussion on
Xmypa8tyTHu-00013-00005712-00006103 so one of them the first assumption is that an independent foundation
Xmypa8tyTHu-00014-00006103-00006584 can do a better job at managing trademarks than the project itself can
Xmypa8tyTHu-00015-00006584-00006911 second is that there's uncertainty about how others can use open source
Xmypa8tyTHu-00016-00006911-00007192 trademarks the third i find the most most
Xmypa8tyTHu-00017-00007192-00007536 interesting which is that trademarks should be available in a free and fair
Xmypa8tyTHu-00018-00007536-00007847 way and then finally trademarks of open
Xmypa8tyTHu-00019-00007847-00008296 source projects are used in ways contrary to the open source definition
Xmypa8tyTHu-00020-00008296-00008679 um so these are the this is what we're going to talk about what i'm going to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00021-00008679-00009152 talk about during this session a little bit about myself i am a board
Xmypa8tyTHu-00022-00009152-00009584 member of the open source initiative i am board certified by the north
Xmypa8tyTHu-00023-00009584-00010000 carolina state bar's board of legal specialization in trademark law
Xmypa8tyTHu-00024-00010000-00010488 and i'm required to say that full phrase as a matter to avoid false advertising
Xmypa8tyTHu-00025-00010488-00010888 um i've been writing about ownership of trademark specifically about ownership
Xmypa8tyTHu-00026-00010888-00011328 of trademarks for about 20 years first article was in 2001 called control
Xmypa8tyTHu-00027-00011328-00011624 of trademarks by the intellectual property holding company
Xmypa8tyTHu-00028-00011624-00012111 which is a concept not very different from what we're talking about today
Xmypa8tyTHu-00029-00012111-00012592 just a side note i have a sling on it was a self-inflicted injury
Xmypa8tyTHu-00030-00012592-00012959 for those of you who know me you'll not be surprised to know that it was bicycle
Xmypa8tyTHu-00031-00012959-00013408 accident so um this presentation
Xmypa8tyTHu-00032-00013408-00013712 is only i'm only speaking of u.s law here
Xmypa8tyTHu-00033-00013712-00014087 some of the concepts i'm going to talk about are very specific to u.s
Xmypa8tyTHu-00034-00014087-00014695 law so they may come out differently in other legal jurisdictions
Xmypa8tyTHu-00035-00014695-00015104 so the first question is can an independent foundation do a better job
Xmypa8tyTHu-00036-00015104-00015423 at managing trademarks than the project itself can
Xmypa8tyTHu-00037-00015423-00016095 and i'm gonna go with with sometimes yes so uh and the reason i say that is
Xmypa8tyTHu-00038-00016095-00016456 trademarks often don't get enough attention from the projects
Xmypa8tyTHu-00039-00016456-00016784 um their true value i think is underestimated by
Xmypa8tyTHu-00040-00016784-00017087 the by the project so the more attention we get on
Xmypa8tyTHu-00041-00017087-00017416 trademarks and projects i think the the better off
Xmypa8tyTHu-00042-00017416-00017895 everyone is going to be but formalizing ownership of assets
Xmypa8tyTHu-00043-00017895-00018287 is not a new concept that's what fiscal sponsors do
Xmypa8tyTHu-00044-00018287-00018600 software in the public interest which owns the debian trademarks has
Xmypa8tyTHu-00045-00018600-00019015 been around for 23 years but they generally do more than just
Xmypa8tyTHu-00046-00019015-00019336 the trademarks themselves sort of the distinction that the in that the google
Xmypa8tyTHu-00047-00019336-00019800 press release was making um the trademark in my view as a
Xmypa8tyTHu-00048-00019800-00020080 trademark lawyer the trademark is often the most valuable
Xmypa8tyTHu-00049-00020080-00020648 and often the only real true asset that that the project owns so paying
Xmypa8tyTHu-00050-00020648-00021192 particular attention to its ownership makes a lot of sense
Xmypa8tyTHu-00051-00021192-00021520 and i i think it makes even more sense for open source projects
Xmypa8tyTHu-00052-00021520-00022120 uh than maybe other types of entities or other types of businesses because of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00053-00022120-00022464 this collaborative nature of the development of the software
Xmypa8tyTHu-00054-00022464-00023095 often a large number of contributors so so i think it makes a lot of sense to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00055-00023095-00023528 um to think about that and and figure out
Xmypa8tyTHu-00056-00023528-00023920 who the owner of the trade market who the owner of the trademark is when i
Xmypa8tyTHu-00057-00023920-00024136 talk about trademark ownership one of the things i'm talking
Xmypa8tyTHu-00058-00024136-00024504 about under u.s law particularly this is one thing that's very different and
Xmypa8tyTHu-00059-00024504-00024959 differs from country to country is in the united states a trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00060-00024959-00025400 does not have to be registered to be owned a trademark exists
Xmypa8tyTHu-00061-00025400-00025847 whether or not it's registered and it is owned whether or not it is registered
Xmypa8tyTHu-00062-00025847-00026327 in the united states registration is simply the recognition
Xmypa8tyTHu-00063-00026327-00026775 of um it's a it's a you know government recognition of those trademark rights
Xmypa8tyTHu-00064-00026775-00027047 that already exist so words logos whatever
Xmypa8tyTHu-00065-00027047-00027327 they are they do exist in the absence of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00066-00027327-00027680 registration but the registration formalizes the ownership
Xmypa8tyTHu-00067-00027680-00028024 and there's also one more point about unregistered trademarks there's a
Xmypa8tyTHu-00068-00028024-00028319 misconception that there has to be some kind of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00069-00028319-00028688 legal entity government recognized entity to own a trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00070-00028688-00029152 that's not true trademarks can be owned by individuals they can be owned
Xmypa8tyTHu-00071-00029152-00029583 jointly by two or three people they of course can be owned by corporations or
Xmypa8tyTHu-00072-00029583-00029904 limited liability companies they can be owned by partnerships and
Xmypa8tyTHu-00073-00029904-00030175 they can be owned by unincorporated associations
Xmypa8tyTHu-00074-00030175-00030703 and those last two i mentioned those two do not necessarily have formal
Xmypa8tyTHu-00075-00030703-00031127 government recognition they just come into existence um there's
Xmypa8tyTHu-00076-00031127-00031495 no formation required they exist because they're people who've
Xmypa8tyTHu-00077-00031495-00031944 combined together to um for a joint purpose
Xmypa8tyTHu-00078-00031944-00032632 uh and those are so those are also recognized entities that can uh register
Xmypa8tyTHu-00079-00032632-00032975 trademarks and and this is something that probably
Xmypa8tyTHu-00080-00032975-00033352 we see pretty commonly in open source trademarks is it's a
Xmypa8tyTHu-00081-00033352-00033616 partnership or an incorporated association that actually
Xmypa8tyTHu-00082-00033616-00033960 is the collective unit or the collective you know the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00083-00033960-00034560 entity the unitary entity that that would be the trademark owner
Xmypa8tyTHu-00084-00034632-00035272 um but in thinking about whether or not a trademark should be in a non-profit
Xmypa8tyTHu-00085-00035272-00035616 uh one thing to keep in mind is no matter what the nonprofit is whether
Xmypa8tyTHu-00086-00035616-00035919 it's a more fully formed fiscal sponsor or
Xmypa8tyTHu-00087-00035919-00036272 whether it's just a design specifically for the trademark as
Xmypa8tyTHu-00088-00036272-00036480 a non-profit there are legal restrictions
Xmypa8tyTHu-00089-00036480-00036824 on how they can dispose of their assets so if
Xmypa8tyTHu-00090-00036824-00037128 to get the trademark back there may be some constraints on
Xmypa8tyTHu-00091-00037128-00037528 on how and when you can get that trademark back and you may have to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00092-00037528-00037872 reimburse the um the nonprofit for that trademark so
Xmypa8tyTHu-00093-00037872-00038160 that's not function of trademark law that's a function of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00094-00038160-00038608 tax law so what's very different between trademarks
Xmypa8tyTHu-00095-00038608-00039352 and patents or copyrights is the concept that the trademark is owned
Xmypa8tyTHu-00096-00039352-00039840 by the person or entity who controls the quality of the goods and services
Xmypa8tyTHu-00097-00039840-00040231 that is the ownership and the control are indivisible you can't have legal
Xmypa8tyTHu-00098-00040231-00040456 ownership in one entity and yet have a different
Xmypa8tyTHu-00099-00040456-00040824 entity controlling you know the quality of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00100-00040824-00041200 those goods and services available under the under the trademark we look and see
Xmypa8tyTHu-00101-00041200-00041519 where is the control that's who owns it kind of no matter
Xmypa8tyTHu-00102-00041519-00041856 no matter what the records say no matter what the registration says
Xmypa8tyTHu-00103-00041856-00042280 um who's who's controlling it is the actual owner so
Xmypa8tyTHu-00104-00042280-00042816 if you try to so if there is a challenge and you find that the control is in one
Xmypa8tyTHu-00105-00042816-00043247 is in one place but the record owner is someone else then that's going to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00106-00043247-00043719 invalidate that registration so
Xmypa8tyTHu-00107-00043719-00044191 if if you are truly assigning your trademark to any any entity
Xmypa8tyTHu-00108-00044191-00044631 you are giving up a degree of control with that um
Xmypa8tyTHu-00109-00044631-00045112 the degree of control that you have over the quality of your goods and services
Xmypa8tyTHu-00110-00045112-00045519 but we'll assume for purposes of this discussion that that problem can be
Xmypa8tyTHu-00111-00045519-00045888 solved by smart lawyers that there will be mechanisms in place to make sure that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00112-00045888-00046240 the trademark will remain valid and we'll also assume that they're going
Xmypa8tyTHu-00113-00046240-00046696 to be contractual safeguards in place to ensure that the that the owner will
Xmypa8tyTHu-00114-00046696-00047008 only act in ways consistent with the project's desires that they're not going
Xmypa8tyTHu-00115-00047008-00047231 to sort of you know go off and do whatever
Xmypa8tyTHu-00116-00047231-00047472 they want with the trademark and start licensing it off to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00117-00047472-00047824 all sorts of people in the ways that would be that the project
Xmypa8tyTHu-00118-00047824-00048231 the project contributors would be unhappy about so i i do think that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00119-00048231-00048696 there's a role for um some kind of owner someone who's
Xmypa8tyTHu-00120-00048696-00048944 paying attention to the assets of the entity
Xmypa8tyTHu-00121-00048944-00049280 to make sure that they're um that they're well taken care of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00122-00049280-00049784 including the trademark um the next question is there
Xmypa8tyTHu-00123-00049784-00050103 uncertainty about hope about how open source trademarks can be
Xmypa8tyTHu-00124-00050103-00050608 used and i i give it a qualified no um
Xmypa8tyTHu-00125-00050608-00051159 which i'll explain which which is to my knowledge there is no trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00126-00051159-00051479 right that can interfere with the full use of the software
Xmypa8tyTHu-00127-00051479-00051855 as granted in any open source license and this is true
Xmypa8tyTHu-00128-00051855-00052295 because trademarks and copyrights are directed at different interests
Xmypa8tyTHu-00129-00052295-00052791 so they can they can very um you know comfortably coexist with each
Xmypa8tyTHu-00130-00052791-00053144 other the copyright is the right to use the code
Xmypa8tyTHu-00131-00053144-00053479 and the trademark is the right to publicly inform
Xmypa8tyTHu-00132-00053479-00053912 people that you are using the code so i don't see those as
Xmypa8tyTHu-00133-00053912-00054232 as necessarily
Xmypa8tyTHu-00134-00054272-00054672 one that they necessarily follow each other so yes you can use the code but
Xmypa8tyTHu-00135-00054672-00055112 does that mean that you get to then promote your product as having as having
Xmypa8tyTHu-00136-00055112-00055488 that code or you know using the name but using the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00137-00055488-00056112 same name for your code i don't i think that there are that's
Xmypa8tyTHu-00138-00056112-00056424 that's why i don't see that there's any kind of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00139-00056424-00056791 incongruity between copyright and trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00140-00056791-00057216 um if when the trademark owner tries to overreach tries to claim that trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00141-00057216-00057527 um allows them to require something that isn't required
Xmypa8tyTHu-00142-00057527-00057879 there are legal doctrines in place that protect the user
Xmypa8tyTHu-00143-00057879-00058208 that allow the user to continue to use the trademark um
Xmypa8tyTHu-00144-00058208-00058520 i don't want to i'm not going to go into them right now if you have some
Xmypa8tyTHu-00145-00058520-00058872 particular questions where you see that what the statement
Xmypa8tyTHu-00146-00058872-00059312 i've made is not true um put it in the chat and hopefully
Xmypa8tyTHu-00147-00059312-00059688 we'll have some time at the end to talk about it
Xmypa8tyTHu-00148-00059688-00060144 um so largely what i see is is a misunderstanding about what the law
Xmypa8tyTHu-00149-00060144-00060632 actually permits and doesn't permit a trademark laws is a delicately balanced
Xmypa8tyTHu-00150-00060632-00060927 system for with rules for when you wait when
Xmypa8tyTHu-00151-00060927-00061279 you may and may not use others treat others trade
Xmypa8tyTHu-00152-00061279-00061960 others trademarks and when i when i look at this system in any um
Xmypa8tyTHu-00153-00061960-00062295 when i look at the system and use of open source trademarks it all makes
Xmypa8tyTHu-00154-00062295-00062624 sense it all fits to me about when when you someone must be
Xmypa8tyTHu-00155-00062624-00062904 allowed to use a trademark when they can use the trademark when they may use the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00156-00062904-00063120 trademark when they shouldn't be allowed to use
Xmypa8tyTHu-00157-00063120-00063624 the trademark all of that there is legal doctrine for all of that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00158-00063624-00064151 but you're going to have um bad or even well-intentioned actors who try to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00159-00064151-00064495 claim that under the color of trademark that because of the trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00160-00064495-00064967 that some lawful behavior is prohibited and i'm going to go into that a little
Xmypa8tyTHu-00161-00064967-00065551 bit later so trademark guidelines
Xmypa8tyTHu-00162-00065551-00065895 i think play an important role to clear up uncertainty
Xmypa8tyTHu-00163-00065895-00066600 so as with any law there is you know um haze at the edges there's not bright
Xmypa8tyTHu-00164-00066600-00067120 lines necessarily and so trademark guidelines are very useful to for the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00165-00067120-00067439 trademark owner to state what they believe is a lawful
Xmypa8tyTHu-00166-00067439-00067751 use like if you use this the trademark this way
Xmypa8tyTHu-00167-00067751-00068056 we're perfectly good with that we won't we won't bother you with that we think
Xmypa8tyTHu-00168-00068056-00068464 that that's loft and you're allowed to to do that i also believe that trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00169-00068464-00068768 guidelines um have to be customized to the owner's
Xmypa8tyTHu-00170-00068768-00069080 particular needs every project has different products
Xmypa8tyTHu-00171-00069080-00069456 different interests so just in terms of of the software
Xmypa8tyTHu-00172-00069456-00069920 itself um mozilla has made the the choice that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00173-00069920-00070280 it will only allow the firefox browser to be called firefox if
Xmypa8tyTHu-00174-00070280-00070648 it's the if it's their build of the binary and that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00175-00070648-00071000 that is i believe a legitimate choice to make because
Xmypa8tyTHu-00176-00071000-00071648 the trademark is your quality assurance um and so it's only fair for the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00177-00071648-00071920 trademark owner to say this is what i'm willing to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00178-00071920-00072416 to have bear my good name and you know draw the line where they
Xmypa8tyTHu-00179-00072416-00072663 where they wouldn't where they don't want to allow that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00180-00072663-00073000 libreoffice takes a more somewhat more liberal view
Xmypa8tyTHu-00181-00073000-00073336 and they allow some in their trademark guidelines you'll you'll find some kinds
Xmypa8tyTHu-00182-00073336-00073648 of modifications you can um reskin you can change
Xmypa8tyTHu-00183-00073648-00073927 languages and you can still call it libra office
Xmypa8tyTHu-00184-00073927-00074151 but you know they're fairly modest changes
Xmypa8tyTHu-00185-00074151-00074527 um to still call it libreoffice kubernetes takes a different
Xmypa8tyTHu-00186-00074527-00074872 uh angle they have conformance testing so as long as you pass the test you can
Xmypa8tyTHu-00187-00074872-00075256 call it kubernetes um it's very similar to the way that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00188-00075256-00075600 java java does it so you know three very
Xmypa8tyTHu-00189-00075600-00076048 different ways of approaching when someone gets to use the trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00190-00076048-00076568 and all you know well described in in their in their documentation another
Xmypa8tyTHu-00191-00076568-00076960 thing that trademark guidelines can do is grant licenses in trademark it
Xmypa8tyTHu-00192-00076960-00077280 licenses the trademark so to say what would otherwise be an
Xmypa8tyTHu-00193-00077280-00077712 infringing use maybe to make swag with a trademark you can say
Xmypa8tyTHu-00194-00077712-00078080 you know we're granting you a license to make swag go ahead or or very commonly
Xmypa8tyTHu-00195-00078080-00078432 it will be um to have a meet up or sometimes
Xmypa8tyTHu-00196-00078432-00078816 sometimes people allow conferences to someone to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00197-00078816-00079216 come along and create a conference um and you know sort of have an event
Xmypa8tyTHu-00198-00079216-00079663 and others will be much more much more um circumspect and when
Xmypa8tyTHu-00199-00079663-00079951 they're going to allow someone to do that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00200-00079951-00080351 so these are all choices that can that that should be i believe everybody
Xmypa8tyTHu-00201-00080351-00080536 should have trademark guidelines and that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00202-00080536-00080920 those trademark guidelines can be very clear to set out
Xmypa8tyTHu-00203-00080920-00081239 what the owner believes is a lawful use and what kind of licenses that they
Xmypa8tyTHu-00204-00081239-00081783 might be willing to grant so but but this was about you know an
Xmypa8tyTHu-00205-00081783-00082295 announcement for an organization so i'm none of this relates really to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00206-00082295-00082680 what a trade how how these problems are going to be fixed by a
Xmypa8tyTHu-00207-00082680-00083344 trademark holding company but anyway um the next question should trademarks
Xmypa8tyTHu-00208-00083344-00083744 be available in a free and fair way so this this i just found the most
Xmypa8tyTHu-00209-00083744-00084119 interesting question that you know the quotes on on free and fair
Xmypa8tyTHu-00210-00084119-00084719 um what does that mean what does free and fair mean with
Xmypa8tyTHu-00211-00084719-00085127 respect to trademarks so is there or should there be some
Xmypa8tyTHu-00212-00085127-00085432 right to use a mark beyond its lawful use now
Xmypa8tyTHu-00213-00085432-00085816 you know we'll get to a minute too to um people who try to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00214-00085816-00086168 overreach but it's just talking about lawful use
Xmypa8tyTHu-00215-00086168-00086560 is should someone get to use a mark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00216-00086560-00087248 in a way that's not only lawful but more than what you know that some some use
Xmypa8tyTHu-00217-00087248-00087632 that the trademark owner might otherwise want to tolerate
Xmypa8tyTHu-00218-00087632-00088056 i frame it this way is should someone other than the project be allowed to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00219-00088056-00088392 exploit the marketing value of the mark that's what we're talking about here
Xmypa8tyTHu-00220-00088392-00088680 we're talking about the public-facing use of a trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00221-00088680-00089016 and should that be allowed even when they have modified the software
Xmypa8tyTHu-00222-00089016-00089344 and modified it perhaps even beyond what the project
Xmypa8tyTHu-00223-00089344-00090080 would consider authentic code so it's you know most products
Xmypa8tyTHu-00224-00090080-00090488 would not want their do not want their product altered
Xmypa8tyTHu-00225-00090488-00090824 um of course we live in a world where that's what happens in this
Xmypa8tyTHu-00226-00090824-00091344 in this world but at what point is it appropriate for the for the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00227-00091344-00091719 trademark owner to say but you can you can't call it that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00228-00091719-00092183 anymore you can't you can change the code but you can't
Xmypa8tyTHu-00229-00092183-00092672 call it you know foo anymore i don't
Xmypa8tyTHu-00230-00092672-00093039 i don't have any answers for that question and i would love to have that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00231-00093039-00093392 discussion with some people i mean it should should everybody be
Xmypa8tyTHu-00232-00093392-00093824 able should you be able to advertise um that you're using you know putting on
Xmypa8tyTHu-00233-00093824-00094256 your web page this is built on you know built on linux there's an
Xmypa8tyTHu-00234-00094256-00094560 advert there's a marketing value to saying that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00235-00094560-00094983 is who should accrue the value of that should it be linux who does that who
Xmypa8tyTHu-00236-00094983-00095256 gets that or should it be the product that's built on linux
Xmypa8tyTHu-00237-00095256-00095639 is there should they get a free ride on that because it's an open source project
Xmypa8tyTHu-00238-00095639-00096007 i don't know i think that's i think that's to me that's sort of the next gen
Xmypa8tyTHu-00239-00096007-00096360 question on this but again you know again i'm not sure
Xmypa8tyTHu-00240-00096360-00096832 how a trademark holding company is is the you know is the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00241-00096832-00097392 gonna i don't think trademark ownership necessarily answers these questions
Xmypa8tyTHu-00242-00097392-00097792 and then finally we got to our trademarks of open source projects used
Xmypa8tyTHu-00243-00097792-00098080 in ways contrary to the open source definition
Xmypa8tyTHu-00244-00098080-00098792 and some will try um so you know the failure to grant a
Xmypa8tyTHu-00245-00098792-00099280 trademark license per se is not contrary to the osd
Xmypa8tyTHu-00246-00099280-00099607 many open source licenses expressly
Xmypa8tyTHu-00247-00099607-00099951 state that there that no trademark license is granted
Xmypa8tyTHu-00248-00099951-00100304 and those are routinely approved there are many open source licenses
Xmypa8tyTHu-00249-00100304-00100624 um as i said before this bullet point made it on two slides i thought it was
Xmypa8tyTHu-00250-00100624-00100912 so important it's a delicately balanced system with
Xmypa8tyTHu-00251-00100912-00101256 rules with rules for what you may or may not use
Xmypa8tyTHu-00252-00101256-00101639 when you may or may not use other straight marks but what about those who
Xmypa8tyTHu-00253-00101639-00102056 overextend their trademark rights so they claim so
Xmypa8tyTHu-00254-00102056-00102400 they have said for example that you may not use their trademark in a way that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00255-00102400-00102895 would be lawful that's not a trademark infringement for you to use it that way
Xmypa8tyTHu-00256-00102895-00103216 so that claim if it's not an infringement the only way they can
Xmypa8tyTHu-00257-00103216-00103616 enforce that right is under contract law if somehow you
Xmypa8tyTHu-00258-00103616-00104111 have agreed with them that you will not do that so why do you
Xmypa8tyTHu-00259-00104111-00104552 have to listen to them so where are these found these are found
Xmypa8tyTHu-00260-00104552-00104911 in trademark guidelines are those enforceable contracts
Xmypa8tyTHu-00261-00104911-00105216 um i take the position that they aren't i never
Xmypa8tyTHu-00262-00105216-00105567 i take the position that they that they likely would not be considered an
Xmypa8tyTHu-00263-00105567-00105832 enforceable contract to have a contract you have to have
Xmypa8tyTHu-00264-00105832-00106224 mutual assent i have to be able to point to something that says this is where you
Xmypa8tyTHu-00265-00106224-00106432 agreed that you were going to abide by this
Xmypa8tyTHu-00266-00106432-00106848 restriction and you know having a web page having
Xmypa8tyTHu-00267-00106848-00107128 something on a web page you can't prove that i saw the web page
Xmypa8tyTHu-00268-00107128-00107416 i didn't click a box it said that i agreed to the web page
Xmypa8tyTHu-00269-00107416-00108079 so um you know you're not you're you you may not have um it has a
Xmypa8tyTHu-00270-00108079-00108359 sort of a fundamental problem that they can't prove that you agree to that and
Xmypa8tyTHu-00271-00108359-00108911 otherwise your use is lawful so that there's no claim
Xmypa8tyTHu-00272-00109032-00109559 if they if they do say for example though that they said well
Xmypa8tyTHu-00273-00109559-00110032 you get to use their software uh under the copyright license and in
Xmypa8tyTHu-00274-00110032-00110272 addition you have to agree you know your your
Xmypa8tyTHu-00275-00110272-00110688 use of the software is conditioned your copyright license is conditioned on also
Xmypa8tyTHu-00276-00110688-00111079 agreeing to our trademark license or to our trademark guidelines
Xmypa8tyTHu-00277-00111079-00111472 that would certainly be under the gpl that would be an additional restriction
Xmypa8tyTHu-00278-00111472-00111879 um that would not be accepted as a as a further you know further
Xmypa8tyTHu-00279-00111879-00112224 restriction under the gpl depending on what was in those
Xmypa8tyTHu-00280-00112224-00112591 guidelines uh would not you know to the extent that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00281-00112591-00113120 those guidelines are inconsistent with the osd
Xmypa8tyTHu-00282-00113120-00113440 then you know that combination would be considered
Xmypa8tyTHu-00283-00113440-00113864 contrary to the osd for example that restriction was
Xmypa8tyTHu-00284-00113864-00114503 um but you know you can use the software but under the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00285-00114503-00114776 trademark license but our trademark license says that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00286-00114776-00115048 you're not allowed to commercialize the software well you know that's you can't
Xmypa8tyTHu-00287-00115048-00115472 back door into the you know open source
Xmypa8tyTHu-00288-00115472-00115711 software by adding an additional restriction but in
Xmypa8tyTHu-00289-00115711-00116240 a different way so again it's just not these are
Xmypa8tyTHu-00290-00116240-00116616 attempts to sort of hack restrictions using trademark law
Xmypa8tyTHu-00291-00116616-00117176 but using it in an inappropriate way but you know still not sure what that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00292-00117176-00117472 what what an organization how an organization is
Xmypa8tyTHu-00293-00117472-00117928 going to solve this problem um so at the end of the day my opinion
Xmypa8tyTHu-00294-00117928-00118240 is that a project may benefit from aligning
Xmypa8tyTHu-00295-00118240-00118728 with a formally organized entity but an entity owning the trademark only
Xmypa8tyTHu-00296-00118728-00119064 the trademark of nothing else is a higher risk type of entity
Xmypa8tyTHu-00297-00119064-00119472 in terms of trademark ownership so those are i think those are something that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00298-00119472-00119840 you have to consider when you're looking you're looking at these different
Xmypa8tyTHu-00299-00119840-00120072 entities to see what they may have to offer
Xmypa8tyTHu-00300-00120072-00120376 uh i believe that every every open source project
Xmypa8tyTHu-00301-00120376-00120720 and every trademark policy should state expressly
Xmypa8tyTHu-00302-00120720-00121032 that all lawful uses of the trademark are allowed
Xmypa8tyTHu-00303-00121032-00121520 um i think that solves that sells about 95 of the problems right there
Xmypa8tyTHu-00304-00121520-00121800 and then you you know get into an argument over what's lawful but that's
Xmypa8tyTHu-00305-00121800-00122176 sort of the fringe cases and then every project should have the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00306-00122176-00122576 freedom to determine for itself what uses requiring a license it will
Xmypa8tyTHu-00307-00122576-00122879 allow so i don't i'm very wary of sort of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00308-00122879-00123455 a one-size-fits-all you know trademark trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00309-00123455-00123928 you know dictate that tries to solve all the problems i think these are
Xmypa8tyTHu-00310-00123928-00124248 much more granular issues that each project
Xmypa8tyTHu-00311-00124248-00124683 has to has to think about for themselves on what they want to do
Xmypa8tyTHu-00312-00124683-00125224 so discussion we'll take a look at the questions that you have in the chat
Xmypa8tyTHu-00313-00125224-00125600 also i have a couple slides of resources here
Xmypa8tyTHu-00314-00125600-00125935 if you're interested in those we'll be able to distribute the slides
Xmypa8tyTHu-00315-00125935-00126400 but we'll go live now it's great to see everybody thanks everybody for joining
Xmypa8tyTHu-00316-00126400-00126824 this is a really fun exercise for me and i hope you also enjoyed it
Xmypa8tyTHu-00317-00126824-00127200 so uh first i'm just going to answer one of the questions
Xmypa8tyTHu-00318-00127200-00127744 in the shared notes which was which is a question is what
Xmypa8tyTHu-00319-00127744-00128152 does control mean um yeah you so i've carefully avoided
Xmypa8tyTHu-00320-00128152-00128391 talking about that it's a it's kind of a bigger question
Xmypa8tyTHu-00321-00128391-00128896 and it's and it's very context specific so for example if i um if the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00322-00128896-00129240 trademark message is i created this product then the message
Xmypa8tyTHu-00323-00129240-00129576 the expect the control that you have to exert is
Xmypa8tyTHu-00324-00129576-00129976 you you know you decided what that product was what what
Xmypa8tyTHu-00325-00129976-00130448 qualities it has what manufacturing standards it has that can be a very high
Xmypa8tyTHu-00326-00130448-00130824 level of sort of input a decision-making
Xmypa8tyTHu-00327-00130824-00131344 on um on you know what the product is going to be
Xmypa8tyTHu-00328-00131344-00131552 or how it's going to come out of the service
Xmypa8tyTHu-00329-00131552-00131960 on the other end of the spectrum excuse me on the other end of the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00330-00131960-00132376 spectrum you know if you produce if you produce
Xmypa8tyTHu-00331-00132376-00132791 if you order mugs from a vendor to hand out
Xmypa8tyTHu-00332-00132791-00133240 at a conference in theory if you you know for your trademark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00333-00133240-00133584 you could have a trademark on mugs but and but your
Xmypa8tyTHu-00334-00133584-00133960 the control of the mark might be limited to do just selecting a good vendor for
Xmypa8tyTHu-00335-00133960-00134391 the mugs you selected somewhat reputable  it this
Xmypa8tyTHu-00336-00134391-00134608 so when these cases come up about who is
Xmypa8tyTHu-00337-00134608-00135048 controlling the mark there um i actually have an article a
Xmypa8tyTHu-00338-00135048-00135415 whole article just on that on that topic um there are a lot of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00339-00135415-00135679 factors that that courts will consider and look at
Xmypa8tyTHu-00340-00135679-00136064 there's a there's about seven or eight factors they look at so control is
Xmypa8tyTHu-00341-00136064-00136544 kind of it's the shortcut term for it but it's a little more expansive than
Xmypa8tyTHu-00342-00136544-00136991 that and it can range from very you know very very high degree of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00343-00136991-00137320 responsibility to you know lower degree depending on
Xmypa8tyTHu-00344-00137320-00137815 what the product is  and the second the second question
Xmypa8tyTHu-00345-00137815-00138136 examples of specific projects that have over extensions on their tried my
Xmypa8tyTHu-00346-00138136-00138655 trademark guidelines i um i none come off the top of my head i would have to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00347-00138655-00139032 sort of look into it and there might be some people in
Xmypa8tyTHu-00348-00139032-00139440 the in the room who have some knowledge i know people have given me examples
Xmypa8tyTHu-00349-00139440-00139952 and but i just i don't want to make that accusation without having looked up
Xmypa8tyTHu-00350-00139952-00140336 the trademark guideline itself to see whether or not i think it's an overreach
Xmypa8tyTHu-00351-00140336-00140752 but i certainly have seen the overreach in trademark guidelines
Xmypa8tyTHu-00352-00140752-00141264 can control be delegated and then revoked like from a project to a legal
Xmypa8tyTHu-00353-00141264-00141800 entity but then taken back um yeah i guess i'm kind of it's
Xmypa8tyTHu-00354-00141800-00142232 that question is not framed in a way that either my brain works or the law
Xmypa8tyTHu-00355-00142232-00142464 works so i'm kind of going to going to reframe it
Xmypa8tyTHu-00356-00142464-00142984 a little bit  what happens is it the courts look at it
Xmypa8tyTHu-00357-00142984-00143312 as a moment in time so i have a trademark i'm asserting my
Xmypa8tyTHu-00358-00143312-00143640 trademark rights the defendant comes along and challenges it and says no
Xmypa8tyTHu-00359-00143640-00143944 you're not the owner because because you're not controlling the mark
Xmypa8tyTHu-00360-00143944-00144272 so so the case law is sort of a snapshot in time
Xmypa8tyTHu-00361-00144272-00145024 it isn't a question of  it isn't a question of sort of paper
Xmypa8tyTHu-00362-00145024-00145479 or you know agreements it's a question of who's doing the work who's doing the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00363-00145479-00146064 heavy lifting on this one thing there's also
Xmypa8tyTHu-00364-00146064-00146448 i also just want to make sure that they're sort of not
Xmypa8tyTHu-00365-00146448-00146840 i don't want to i don't know if there might be some sort of
Xmypa8tyTHu-00366-00146840-00147496 confusion or blurriness control versus testing so
Xmypa8tyTHu-00367-00147496-00147840 control is i've set up the test parameters
Xmypa8tyTHu-00368-00147840-00148240 say say we have a testing model for control that you get to call it that if
Xmypa8tyTHu-00369-00148240-00148560 you you know the java model you get to use the java trademark if you
Xmypa8tyTHu-00370-00148560-00149015 pass the tck they you know java use
Xmypa8tyTHu-00371-00149015-00149464 they you self-certify i mean so so people self-certify i believe under
Xmypa8tyTHu-00372-00149464-00149784 under java they self-certify that they pass the test
Xmypa8tyTHu-00373-00149784-00150136 um but nevertheless um oracle would still own the trademark because they're
Xmypa8tyTHu-00374-00150136-00150448 the ones who set up the testing parameters there's the ones who say
Xmypa8tyTHu-00375-00150448-00150855 this is what the project this is what the software has to be able to do
Xmypa8tyTHu-00376-00150855-00151208 in order for you to call it java so i don't want to i don't want to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00377-00151208-00151664 confuse um a testing or a certification program
Xmypa8tyTHu-00378-00151664-00152096 with control of the trademark those you know you could outsource
Xmypa8tyTHu-00379-00152096-00152408 the certification to someone else and say you know
Xmypa8tyTHu-00380-00152408-00152744 you get to you know go to this person they'll certify you know they'll test
Xmypa8tyTHu-00381-00152744-00153072 your software if it passes then you get to use the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00382-00153072-00153391 trademark so you know so that's but that's but it's
Xmypa8tyTHu-00383-00153391-00153752 still you know the it's still the software you know there's
Xmypa8tyTHu-00384-00153752-00154620 the control the decision on what makes that software  able to to have that name is still in the different entity
Xmypa8tyTHu-00385-00154620-00155015 so i hope that i hope that clarified question three
Xmypa8tyTHu-00386-00155015-00155608 and if not i'd be happy to take another stab
Xmypa8tyTHu-00387-00155608-00156088 how do how does how do cross-jurisdiction rules apply here
Xmypa8tyTHu-00388-00156088-00156736 perhaps to the control in the bulk of that thing i'm not sure what the bulk
Xmypa8tyTHu-00389-00156736-00157079 what the bulk means and also as i said this is
Xmypa8tyTHu-00390-00157079-00157440 as i said at the outset this is this is very us-specific
Xmypa8tyTHu-00391-00157440-00158040 in other countries other countries and i don't want to speak too much about
Xmypa8tyTHu-00392-00158040-00158464 other countries because i'm not lawyers in other countries but in some
Xmypa8tyTHu-00393-00158464-00158888 countries of registration there are two basic schemes for
Xmypa8tyTHu-00394-00158888-00159136 trademark registration the one i described in the us
Xmypa8tyTHu-00395-00159136-00159624 which is based on use where the registration is a recognition of already
Xmypa8tyTHu-00396-00159624-00160191 use-based rights or you know yeah use space rights other countries
Xmypa8tyTHu-00397-00160191-00160648 the registration is the legal grant of the right to use a trademark so two very
Xmypa8tyTHu-00398-00160648-00160967 different schemes so in those in those in those jurisdictions where
Xmypa8tyTHu-00399-00160967-00161272 the owning a trademark registration is a legal grant
Xmypa8tyTHu-00400-00161272-00161608 they're going to look at this question of ownership quite quite differently
Xmypa8tyTHu-00401-00161608-00162040 from how we would look at it in in other countries that said
Xmypa8tyTHu-00402-00162040-00162408 there are nevertheless i have seen cases for example in the eu
Xmypa8tyTHu-00403-00162408-00162720 which is a you know registration based system where
Xmypa8tyTHu-00404-00162720-00163120 nev well it's kind of a i stated like two
Xmypa8tyTHu-00405-00163120-00163440 two different things it's actually just a continuum so
Xmypa8tyTHu-00406-00163440-00163864 they get all kind of mushed together and blurry between the country so in the eu
Xmypa8tyTHu-00407-00163864-00164232 it is a registration-based system but they also give some deference to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00408-00164232-00164552 um non-registered prior rights in certain cases
Xmypa8tyTHu-00409-00164552-00164879 and i have seen challenges under eu law on
Xmypa8tyTHu-00410-00164879-00165264 whether or not it was the rightful person who registered the trademark so
Xmypa8tyTHu-00411-00165264-00165608 you can church you may be able to challenge ownership
Xmypa8tyTHu-00412-00165608-00166079 i'm not sure how much the control plays in other countries but that's but
Xmypa8tyTHu-00413-00166079-00166264 it is you know the concept i'm talking about
Xmypa8tyTHu-00414-00166264-00166824 is very it is u.s specific
Xmypa8tyTHu-00415-00166824-00167239 and so i don't want to speculate on what other countries might say
Xmypa8tyTHu-00416-00167239-00167832 um let's see and let's see perhaps the country yeah legal
Xmypa8tyTHu-00417-00167832-00168303 systems are different yeah so i if i have not answered question four
Xmypa8tyTHu-00418-00168303-00168672 to what you believe is my full ability to answer your question
Xmypa8tyTHu-00419-00168672-00169232 for then please type some other questions be happy to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00420-00169272-00169672 oh does wipo does wipo have impact here so um
Xmypa8tyTHu-00421-00169672-00170303 trademark kind of yes and yes and no depending on what what you mean by wipo
Xmypa8tyTHu-00422-00170303-00170767 so wipo um is a is an ngo
Xmypa8tyTHu-00423-00170767-00171152 that administers a number of trademark treaties and so
Xmypa8tyTHu-00424-00171152-00171455 so trademarks are territorial for the most part they're
Xmypa8tyTHu-00425-00171455-00172064 they're they're every every country has its own trademark laws there
Xmypa8tyTHu-00426-00172064-00172400 are however also a number of trademark treaties that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00427-00172400-00172832 do harmonize some aspects of trademark law around the
Xmypa8tyTHu-00428-00172832-00173208 world for those um for those uh those countries that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00429-00173208-00173584 have signed on to the treaty um i don't actually believe that this
Xmypa8tyTHu-00430-00173584-00173903 i'm not i have not i can't think of any way that
Xmypa8tyTHu-00431-00173903-00174312 any of those treaties um that there's any kind of universal
Xmypa8tyTHu-00432-00174312-00174624 requirement about trademark ownership vis-a-vis
Xmypa8tyTHu-00433-00174624-00174991 control in any of those treaties yes thanks
Xmypa8tyTHu-00434-00174991-00175239 everybody it was really great i was so glad to
Xmypa8tyTHu-00435-00175240-00175552 so glad to see everybody i wish we could see each other in person but
Xmypa8tyTHu-00436-00175552-00175754 we'll do this
XnWFH6kt3xo-00000-00000791-00001045 [Music] okay so this is the second day - day two of
XnWFH6kt3xo-00001-00001045-00001476 me trying to record everything I'm spending.
XnWFH6kt3xo-00002-00001476-00002005 Working away from home at the moment in Manchester and Salford.
XnWFH6kt3xo-00003-00002005-00002105 And...
XnWFH6kt3xo-00004-00002105-00002580 I don't know I don't even know if I'm going to take this file off the camera let alone
XnWFH6kt3xo-00005-00002580-00003258 edit it and put it onto YouTube but yesterday went quite well with - with trying to record
XnWFH6kt3xo-00006-00003258-00003360 everything we spent.
XnWFH6kt3xo-00007-00003360-00003889 I'm obviously away from the family at the moment so that gives me a chance to to try
XnWFH6kt3xo-00008-00003889-00004107 this out [Music]
XnWFH6kt3xo-00009-00004107-00005282 It's a weird day because right now there's a brilliant plumber in our house earning thousands
XnWFH6kt3xo-00010-00005282-00005802 of pounds yeah and I'm here trying to save money but it's a good experiment I think
XnWFH6kt3xo-00011-00005802-00005902 I think it's worth doing.
XnWFH6kt3xo-00012-00005902-00006271 So what I've got to do this morning I've got to get myself into work
XnWFH6kt3xo-00013-00006271-00006536 I'm getting weird looks cuz I've got my big camera out
XnWFH6kt3xo-00014-00006536-00007000 It is a bit weird, me talking to myself I think that's the biggest hurdle with me
XnWFH6kt3xo-00015-00007000-00008467 trying to record what we're spending I might shoot the rest of this on the phone
XnWFH6kt3xo-00016-00008467-00009935 [Music] So the first thing I'm gonna spend on is the
XnWFH6kt3xo-00017-00009935-00010468 tram into work - I can't really avoid that It's quite difficult to buy the ticket and
XnWFH6kt3xo-00018-00010468-00012357 hold the camera at the same time so here goes [Music]
XnWFH6kt3xo-00019-00012357-00014004 Okay, so the next unavoidable thing I've got to spend on is some breakfast
XnWFH6kt3xo-00020-00014004-00014616 I'm going to do that my works canteen [Music]
XnWFH6kt3xo-00021-00014616-00015366 Alright, spent twice as much on buying breakfast than I'd hoped
XnWFH6kt3xo-00022-00015366-00016036 It's lunchtime now so I could fast or accept the fact that it's Burger day
XnWFH6kt3xo-00023-00016036-00017053 I've got a dilemma so I either go for the vegan burger or the proper one
XnWFH6kt3xo-00024-00017053-00017707 [Music] Luckily it was chicken and then that's it
XnWFH6kt3xo-00025-00017707-00019585 that's that is all that I spent today [Music]
XnWFH6kt3xo-00026-00019585-00020042 Something for pudding tonight So that's it that was my second day of recording
XnWFH6kt3xo-00027-00020042-00020817 everything that I spent Should I do this for a third day?
XnWFH6kt3xo-00028-00020817-00021306 Guess we'll see tomorrow in the next video If if you got to this point in the video thanks
XnWFH6kt3xo-00029-00021306-00021665 for watching okay I don't know how long this experiment
XnWFH6kt3xo-00030-00021665-00022193 is gonna last but if you have reached this point you can send me a signal that somebody
XnWFH6kt3xo-00031-00022193-00022493 reached this point by clicking on the thumbs up button
XnWFH6kt3xo-00032-00022493-00022904 That'll be really nice Trying to make money in these videos but YouTube
XnWFH6kt3xo-00033-00022904-00023190 doesn't pay anything till you reach a thousand subscribers
XnWFH6kt3xo-00034-00023190-00023690 I'm on about 430 at the moment I don't think I'm ever gonna reach a thousand
XnWFH6kt3xo-00035-00023690-00024084 but if you want to take me one step closer just click on the subscribe button in the
XnWFH6kt3xo-00036-00024084-00024469 corner that would be really helpful You don't have to watch anything of mine ever
XnWFH6kt3xo-00037-00024469-00024784 again but it helps me to get closer to that 1,000
XnWFH6kt3xo-00038-00024784-00025313 yeah let's see if we would do this again thanks for watching
XnWFH6kt3xo-00039-00025313-00025956 Please help my daddy get 1000 subscribers just click on his face thanks bye!
XnWFH6kt3xo-00040-00025956-00026001 [Music]