dVKBljhjfnQ-00000-00000008-00000280 like to turn the music off what was so creepy about the house
dVKBljhjfnQ-00001-00000456-00000792 like it was like haunted or something fell horned do you believe in ghosts
dVKBljhjfnQ-00002-00000936-00001344 i i mean i i i don't believe in ghosts but sometimes it feels like they're a ghost
dVKBljhjfnQ-00003-00001408-00001823 or something you know how so uh look in the house well i just think it's creepy late at
dVKBljhjfnQ-00004-00001823-00002168 night unless you know if you're like a weird house and and there's sort of strange sounds happening
dVKBljhjfnQ-00005-00002240-00003224 and um you know doors opening for no apparent reason and um it's creepy so you're in your
dVKBljhjfnQ-00006-00003224-00003720 opinion like scientifically ghosts like doesn't make sense for them to exist i've seen no actual
dVKBljhjfnQ-00007-00003720-00004176 evidence for ghosts uh but that doesn't mean you can't get creeped out late at night yeah
dVKBljhjfnQ-00008-00004176-00004904 so uh but but this house was uh this is like i said this and i i had that house for many years
dVKBljhjfnQ-00009-00004904-00005320 uh and i tried to de-creep it as much as possible but even after a lot of decreeing
dVKBljhjfnQ-00010-00005320-00005680 just how do you decree sage you're like creepy stuff
dWFzQlbowG4-00000-00000112-00000545 We are back with the channel with the analysis of the stage-by-stage route of the Giro d'Italia
dWFzQlbowG4-00001-00000545-00000980 2023, which was announced this past Monday 17th of August in Milan.
dWFzQlbowG4-00002-00000980-00001515 This 106th edition of the Giro d'Italia will take the riders from Ortona to Rome from the
dWFzQlbowG4-00003-00001515-00002292 6th to the 28th of May, over 3449 kms and more than 50000 metres of ascent.
dWFzQlbowG4-00004-00002292-00002802 We have 8 possible sprint finishes although 6 is a more accurate number, another 6 stages
dWFzQlbowG4-00005-00002802-00003293 of more than 200 kms, and several mountain stages especially in the 3rd week, with 3
dWFzQlbowG4-00006-00003293-00003881 of them very hard, 6 summit finishes and climbs like Monte Bondone, Tre Cime di Lavaredo,
dWFzQlbowG4-00007-00003881-00004245 Giau, Valparola, the Col du Grand Saint-Bernard or Crans Montana.
dWFzQlbowG4-00008-00004245-00004707 But there are also 70 kms against the clock divided into 3 stages, including the time
dWFzQlbowG4-00009-00004707-00005144 trial climb of Monte Lussari before the finish, for the 5th time, in Rome.
dWFzQlbowG4-00010-00005144-00005307 Who will take the maglia rosa?
dWFzQlbowG4-00011-00005307-00005730 Will the likes of Evenepoel, Thomas, Roglic or even Vingegaard be there?
dWFzQlbowG4-00012-00005730-00006048 Will Hindley defend his victory in 2022?
dWFzQlbowG4-00013-00006048-00006221 And the most important question of all...
dWFzQlbowG4-00014-00006221-00006561 In how many stages will RAI have broadcasting issues?
dWFzQlbowG4-00015-00006561-00007048 Let's go with the analysis of the 21 stages of the Giro d'Italia 2023!
dWFzQlbowG4-00016-00007048-00007587 We start with the Grande Partenza in the Abruzzo region with an 18km time trial between Fossacesia
dWFzQlbowG4-00017-00007587-00008079 Marina and Ortona that runs on a bike path parallel to the sea and with a final climb
dWFzQlbowG4-00018-00008079-00008295 of one and a half kilometres at 3%.
dWFzQlbowG4-00019-00008295-00008685 I'm glad it's not a 6-8 km prologue.
dWFzQlbowG4-00020-00008685-00009202 The second stage is already 200km long, will take the riders from Teramo to San Salvo and
dWFzQlbowG4-00021-00009202-00009409 is the first opportunity for the sprinters.
dWFzQlbowG4-00022-00009409-00009776 It will be ridden by the sea and the good thing is that there will be a lot of fighting
dWFzQlbowG4-00023-00009776-00010171 on the 2 categorized climbs to see who will win the first maglia azzurra.
dWFzQlbowG4-00024-00010171-00010796 The third stage is also over 200 kms from Vasto to Melfi, leaving Abruzzo heading south,
dWFzQlbowG4-00025-00010796-00011258 with an interesting finish after two climbs, the Valicos dei Laghi di Monticchio and de
dWFzQlbowG4-00026-00011258-00011532 la Croce, with an average of 6%.
dWFzQlbowG4-00027-00011532-00011969 The pure sprinters will not be able to hold their own in the peloton and perhaps it will
dWFzQlbowG4-00028-00011969-00012417 be the day for an opportunist who is left to do his best on the climbs or the descent
dWFzQlbowG4-00029-00012417-00012572 before the finish.
dWFzQlbowG4-00030-00012572-00012895 The 4th stage is not a mountain finish, but almost.
dWFzQlbowG4-00031-00012895-00013313 It is a constant up and down with several steep climbs and two intermediate passes,
dWFzQlbowG4-00032-00013313-00013807 the Passo delle Crocelle and the Valico di Monte Carruozzo, long but not the hardest,
dWFzQlbowG4-00033-00013807-00014118 although they can be deceiving due to the easier sections.
dWFzQlbowG4-00034-00014118-00014604 The final ascent of Colle Molella before the slightly downhill finish at Lake Laceno will
dWFzQlbowG4-00035-00014604-00014876 make the first differences between the favourites.
dWFzQlbowG4-00036-00014876-00015508 We won't see a repeat of 1998 with Zulle destroying Pantani and company, but some could gain time,
dWFzQlbowG4-00037-00015508-00015775 like Pozzovivo in 2012.
dWFzQlbowG4-00038-00015775-00016133 After this first possible assault between the men in the GC we have a stage that could
dWFzQlbowG4-00039-00016133-00016645 be destined for a sprint in Salerno, but except for the last 40 kilometres, the course will
dWFzQlbowG4-00040-00016645-00017075 be very difficult and perhaps the teams of the fastest riders have lost too many riders
dWFzQlbowG4-00041-00017075-00017446 to cut down the breakaway, which could take the victory.
dWFzQlbowG4-00042-00017446-00017945 Stage 6 goes from Naples to Naples but I don't think we'll see a victory like Thomas de Gendt's
dWFzQlbowG4-00043-00017945-00018287 in the same city this year, when the breakaway triumphed.
dWFzQlbowG4-00044-00018287-00018643 The Valico di Chiunzi, although not a bad climb, is very early in the stage and the
dWFzQlbowG4-00045-00018643-00018850 profile is not as demanding as last year.
dWFzQlbowG4-00046-00018850-00019093 I predict a sprint finish.
dWFzQlbowG4-00047-00019093-00019565 And then we reach the first summit finish, the Gran Sasso d'Italia, Campo Imperatore.
dWFzQlbowG4-00048-00019565-00020254 The stage is a long one, 218 kms, with Roccaraso in between and the tough 14 kms climb to Calascio
dWFzQlbowG4-00049-00020254-00020693 just before the Gran Sasso, which is not as intimidating as the name suggests.
dWFzQlbowG4-00050-00020693-00021178 26 kms, but only the final 5 kms at 8% are worthy.
dWFzQlbowG4-00051-00021178-00021543 No one will win the Giro on this day but someone could lose it.
dWFzQlbowG4-00052-00021543-00021918 Yates beat the rest of the favourites in 2018.
dWFzQlbowG4-00053-00021918-00022412 Stage 8 is another with plus 200 kms and the last 50 have a really interesting profile.
dWFzQlbowG4-00054-00022412-00022959 The ascent to Monte delle Cesane is sandwiched between a double ascent to I Capuccini, short
dWFzQlbowG4-00055-00022959-00023198 but with ramps reaching 19%.
dWFzQlbowG4-00056-00023198-00023651 Will any puncheur prevail, will the breakaway emerge victorious or will any favourites look
dWFzQlbowG4-00057-00023651-00024037 to bite a bit in the face of possible poor positioning from others?
dWFzQlbowG4-00058-00024037-00024606 It's time for the second time trial, in Emilia-Romagna. 33 kilometres completely and utterly flat.
dWFzQlbowG4-00059-00024606-00024811 Terrain for the specialists.
dWFzQlbowG4-00060-00024811-00025193 If Evenepoel, Roglic or Thomas come along... will they be able to gain 2 minutes on the
dWFzQlbowG4-00061-00025193-00025340 climbers?
dWFzQlbowG4-00062-00025340-00025869 After the rest day on the 15th of May we resume with stage 10, which has a similar profile
dWFzQlbowG4-00063-00025869-00026286 to stage 5 but there are more kilometres to organise the pursuit of the breakaway.
dWFzQlbowG4-00064-00026286-00026755 It is very likely to end in a sprint, which is the certain destination of the 11th stage,
dWFzQlbowG4-00065-00026755-00027008 the longest along with the Gran Sasso one.
dWFzQlbowG4-00066-00027008-00027422 The 3 climbs along the way will not spoil the sprinters' party in Tortona.
dWFzQlbowG4-00067-00027422-00027919 The 12th stage between Bra and Rivoli will not be for sprinters, as the Colle Braida
dWFzQlbowG4-00068-00027919-00028622 with its final 5 kms at 8.4%, completing a climb of 11.5 kms, is too much for the likes
dWFzQlbowG4-00069-00028622-00028835 of Bennett or Demare, to give 2 names.
dWFzQlbowG4-00070-00028835-00029268 Be careful with the descent, which will be a real challenge, and after which there are
dWFzQlbowG4-00071-00029268-00029591 only 15 km to the finish in Rivoli.
dWFzQlbowG4-00072-00029591-00030092 Maybe one of the favourites will take a gamble or a rider who doesn't worry the GC will win
dWFzQlbowG4-00073-00030092-00030193 the stage.
dWFzQlbowG4-00074-00030193-00030880 We arrive at one of the most serious stages of this Giro, the 13th: 208 kilometres, 4,500
dWFzQlbowG4-00075-00030880-00031368 metres of accumulated altitude gain, cold and snow and the beginning of the incursion
dWFzQlbowG4-00076-00031368-00031513 into Swiss territory.
dWFzQlbowG4-00077-00031513-00031870 The first difficulty of the day is the Col du Grand Saint-Bernard, the Cima Coppi of
dWFzQlbowG4-00078-00031870-00032518 this edition, with more than 30 kilometres of ascent to an altitude of almost 2,500 metres.
dWFzQlbowG4-00079-00032518-00032911 Its descent is immediately followed by the Croix de Coeur, an unprecedented and very
dWFzQlbowG4-00080-00032911-00033447 damaging climb, 15 kms at 9% average mostly on dirt as of today.
dWFzQlbowG4-00081-00033447-00034124 20 flat kilometres separate us from Crans-Montana, on a 13 km slope at just over 7% average.
dWFzQlbowG4-00082-00034124-00034525 It's not the hardest finish in the world, but it's sure to be a stage that could be
dWFzQlbowG4-00083-00034525-00034927 a spectacle if a brave rider tries it on Saint-Bernard or Coeur.
dWFzQlbowG4-00084-00034927-00035587 Stage 14 is a transition stage, leaving Switzerland via the Simplonpass, which, even if it's 20
dWFzQlbowG4-00085-00035587-00036160 kms long at 6% and makes the sprinters suffer, there is still plenty of room to recover,
dWFzQlbowG4-00086-00036160-00036496 organise the chase of the breakaway and compete in another sprint.
dWFzQlbowG4-00087-00036496-00037078 Stage 15 is a "tribute" to Il Lombardia with the climbs to Valcava and Selvino and the
dWFzQlbowG4-00088-00037078-00037734 finish in Bergamo, although they could have added 40 or 50 km more to get close to 250
dWFzQlbowG4-00089-00037734-00037834 kms.
dWFzQlbowG4-00090-00037834-00038296 It is also an interesting stage before the 2nd rest day and could pose a fight between
dWFzQlbowG4-00091-00038296-00038790 the GC riders from Valpiana, which is crowned 30 kilometres from the finish; although I
dWFzQlbowG4-00092-00038790-00039163 think that the victory will come from the breakaway of the day, which should be very
dWFzQlbowG4-00093-00039163-00039358 hotly contested.
dWFzQlbowG4-00094-00039358-00039906 Another of the great stages of this Giro is the 16th, almost 200 kms with 5 difficulties
dWFzQlbowG4-00095-00039906-00040263 and a cumulative ascent of 5200 metres.
dWFzQlbowG4-00096-00040263-00040771 The day starts off with 60 kilometres of flat terrain, but after that there is almost no
dWFzQlbowG4-00097-00040771-00040871 rest.
dWFzQlbowG4-00098-00040871-00041486 The first climb, the Passo di Santa Barbara is truly fearsome, 13 kms at more than 8%,
dWFzQlbowG4-00099-00041486-00042002 continuing on to the Passo Bordala and after the descent there are two more passes, Matassone
dWFzQlbowG4-00100-00042002-00042400 and Serrada, with some flat sections that are deceiving.
dWFzQlbowG4-00101-00042400-00042849 After the descent of Serrada there is a 10 km flat and from there the climb to Monte
dWFzQlbowG4-00102-00042849-00043391 Bondone, which returns after Ivan Basso's victory in 2006, although it will not be climbed
dWFzQlbowG4-00103-00043391-00044155 on the usual side, but on another 21 km at an average of 6.7% with 2 sections at 3%.
dWFzQlbowG4-00104-00044155-00044566 Will this stage be more decisive than Crans Montana?
dWFzQlbowG4-00105-00044566-00045071 After this great effort comes the possible rest on stage 17, the last chance for the
dWFzQlbowG4-00106-00045071-00045196 sprinters before Rome.
dWFzQlbowG4-00107-00045196-00045296 They will not miss it.
dWFzQlbowG4-00108-00045296-00045965 And once again the high mountains return with a stage of 160 kms, with the Passo della Crosetta
dWFzQlbowG4-00109-00045965-00046562 almost at the start, some 15 kms at almost 7% average, followed by a transition zone
dWFzQlbowG4-00110-00046562-00047096 until the final 30 kms, in which some riders will perhaps take their chances on the Forcella
dWFzQlbowG4-00111-00047096-00047515 Cibiana before the final chained finish of Coi - Val di Zoldo.
dWFzQlbowG4-00112-00047515-00048025 I hope they don't opt to save their strength in view of what is to come in the next 2 stages,
dWFzQlbowG4-00113-00048025-00048252 as that finish could do a lot of damage.
dWFzQlbowG4-00114-00048252-00048833 And speaking of doing damage, we come to the queen stage, the 19th, the dolomitic tappone
dWFzQlbowG4-00115-00048833-00048975 of this edition.
dWFzQlbowG4-00116-00048975-00049666 182 kms in which there is no respite with 5400 metres of positive vertical ascent.
dWFzQlbowG4-00117-00049666-00050136 Let’s hope the broadcast works, because I don't think anyone will want to miss the
dWFzQlbowG4-00118-00050136-00050710 perfect chain of Campolongo, Valparola with its final 7 kms at 8%, and the incredible
dWFzQlbowG4-00119-00050710-00051111 Giau with its 10 kms at more than 9%.
dWFzQlbowG4-00120-00051111-00051589 And that's before reaching the final 20 kms with the Passo Tre Croci, the Col Sant'Angelo
dWFzQlbowG4-00121-00051589-00052069 wall and the finish on Tre Cime di Lavaredo, with the last 4 kms at 11.7%.
dWFzQlbowG4-00122-00052069-00052698 And if there is anything left to be decided, the time trial to Monte Lussari, recently
dWFzQlbowG4-00123-00052698-00053088 asphalted as it used to be a horse track at the end, will do it.
dWFzQlbowG4-00124-00053088-00053670 The first 11 kms are almost flat, the bike change will be made and the climb of 7 kms
dWFzQlbowG4-00125-00053670-00054280 at 12% with a couple of maximums at 22% will be taken.
dWFzQlbowG4-00126-00054280-00054704 And the Giro 2023 will end, after a transfer by plane or road from the north of the country,
dWFzQlbowG4-00127-00054704-00054998 as Trieste will not be the final city to close this Giro, with an 11 km circuit through the
dWFzQlbowG4-00128-00054998-00055445 streets of Rome, passing by the Colosseum, the Roman Forum, the Circus Maximus or the
dWFzQlbowG4-00129-00055445-00055974 Baths of Caracalla, to finish with a sprint on the road of the Imperial Forum.
dWFzQlbowG4-00130-00055974-00056185 Let's now come to some conclusions about the route.
dWFzQlbowG4-00131-00056185-00056444 I like it, but it isn’t outstanding.
dWFzQlbowG4-00132-00056444-00057014 I miss a 240 km medium mountain stage, maybe the 15th, the mini-Lombardia, could have been
dWFzQlbowG4-00133-00057014-00057114 an option.
dWFzQlbowG4-00134-00057114-00057499 Although having 6 stages over 200 kms makes up for it.
dWFzQlbowG4-00135-00057499-00057998 It is also possible that the distribution of harder stages is very much reserved for
dWFzQlbowG4-00136-00057998-00058441 the 3rd week, from Crans Montana onwards, because the Cole Molella or the Gran Sasso
dWFzQlbowG4-00137-00058441-00058779 in the 4th and 7th stages are not the most complicated climbs.
dWFzQlbowG4-00138-00058779-00059310 The big action, except for the time trials, will be mostly reserved for the third week.
dWFzQlbowG4-00139-00059310-00059790 Maybe the Zoncolan, which was rumoured a lot, could also have been included, but we're not
dWFzQlbowG4-00140-00059790-00060166 going to have all the big climbs every year, let's face it.
dWFzQlbowG4-00141-00060166-00060747 One thing I like a lot is the 70km of time trial, especially if 52 come before the big
dWFzQlbowG4-00142-00060747-00061238 mountain stages, as that should, in theory, encourage attacks and some possible aggressive
dWFzQlbowG4-00143-00061238-00061451 strategy to make up time.
dWFzQlbowG4-00144-00061451-00061716 Have they done this to attract Evenepoel and some others?
dWFzQlbowG4-00145-00061716-00062182 Of course, but better this than last year's 26km of time trial.
dWFzQlbowG4-00146-00062182-00062692 And as for the grade, I'm not going to give this Giro a 10 like Contador, but the route
dWFzQlbowG4-00147-00062692-00062901 gets a 7.5, a "B".
dWFzQlbowG4-00148-00062901-00063036 What do you think of the route?
dWFzQlbowG4-00149-00063036-00063238 Let me know in the comments!
dWFzQlbowG4-00150-00063238-00063732 Here ends this analysis of the 21 stages of the next Giro d'Italia, an edition with an
dWFzQlbowG4-00151-00063732-00064192 interesting route and that can offer a good battle at the end, but everything will depend
dWFzQlbowG4-00152-00064192-00064472 on the attitude of those who make the race.
dWFzQlbowG4-00153-00064472-00064933 I hope you liked the video and if you did, don't forget to like it and subscribe to the
dWFzQlbowG4-00154-00064933-00065033 channel.
dWFzQlbowG4-00155-00065033-00065034 See you next time!
dYoXG4gpcqA-00000-00001746-00002336 My name is Annie Mahon and this is the circle yoga cooperative.
dYoXG4gpcqA-00001-00002336-00002824 And my job right now is just as a board member, I used to be the director.
dYoXG4gpcqA-00002-00002824-00003308 I was a director of this organization for about 12 years I think,
dYoXG4gpcqA-00003-00003310-00003852 and then the last five four to five years I have not been the director I've just been on the board
dYoXG4gpcqA-00004-00004434-00004958 so we founded the business itself was founded in 2003
dYoXG4gpcqA-00005-00004958-00005328 and because I really didn't know anything about  Coops I just created it as an LLC
dYoXG4gpcqA-00006-00005328-00005596 so I was sole owner, the sole proprietor
dYoXG4gpcqA-00007-00005596-00006234 and in about 2012 my daughter Hannah,  who is a very progressive
dYoXG4gpcqA-00008-00006234-00006756 very smart wise woman, she and I were talking about capitalism
dYoXG4gpcqA-00009-00006756-00007170 and we were talking about the structure of corporations and the issues that come
dYoXG4gpcqA-00010-00007170-00007586 along with that and how could we shift that in the world
dYoXG4gpcqA-00011-00007586-00008044 and I said again "but I don't know you know  what can I even do about that"
dYoXG4gpcqA-00012-00008044-00008280 and she said "what about a cooperative?"
dYoXG4gpcqA-00013-00008280-00008672 and I thought well that's a great idea. Like let me look into that
dYoXG4gpcqA-00014-00008672-00009144 and so I looked into cooperatives and I found out that I could make this LLC
dYoXG4gpcqA-00015-00009144-00009381 into a cooperative without  too much trouble
dYoXG4gpcqA-00016-00009381-00009870 it seemed like not that much trouble then, became more challenging later but
dYoXG4gpcqA-00017-00009870-00010278 so I just decided that and they're just to do that because it was so much in
dYoXG4gpcqA-00018-00010278-00010656 alignment with my principles that I already had about cooperative
dYoXG4gpcqA-00019-00010656-00011070 decision-making and cooperative governance and
dYoXG4gpcqA-00020-00011070-00011340 really a strong feeling I have about
dYoXG4gpcqA-00021-00011340-00011742 ownership of things like a yoga studio like how could I own it like
dYoXG4gpcqA-00022-00011742-00012068 what did I really even own so
dYoXG4gpcqA-00023-00012068-00012363 I decided to go ahead and do that and I wish now
dYoXG4gpcqA-00024-00012363-00012720 I had included everyone on the team  in the decision to do
dYoXG4gpcqA-00025-00012720-00012863 it but at the time
dYoXG4gpcqA-00026-00012863-00013206 it was an LLC and I was just like I'm gonna do it and so that's what we've been doing
dYoXG4gpcqA-00027-00013206-00013368 since then we've been a cooperative
dYoXG4gpcqA-00028-00013991-00014591 well we have then and now it's about the same size we have about I want to say 35
dYoXG4gpcqA-00029-00014591-00015224 teachers who are contractors and we have about 15 part-time employees
dYoXG4gpcqA-00030-00015224-00015852 and then we have upward of 800 students  who come through every week
dYoXG4gpcqA-00031-00015852-00016190 and so the way we structured our cooperative was
dYoXG4gpcqA-00032-00016190-00016594 to have allow for student memberships teacher memberships
dYoXG4gpcqA-00033-00016594-00016762 and staff memberships
dYoXG4gpcqA-00034-00016762-00017210 and so students can be members and they pay  a small fee to be a member
dYoXG4gpcqA-00035-00017210-00017560 but they actually don't own the co-operative they
dYoXG4gpcqA-00036-00017560-00018028 don't get to well they we do have representation of students on our board
dYoXG4gpcqA-00037-00018028-00018420 so they get to vote on matters but they don't in the end if we were to shut down
dYoXG4gpcqA-00038-00018420-00018778 they wouldn't receive many of the profits so they're really like a
dYoXG4gpcqA-00039-00018778-00019198 different kind of member whereas the teachers and the staff even though
dYoXG4gpcqA-00040-00019198-00019744 they're part-time and contractors they actually are the owners of the business
dYoXG4gpcqA-00041-00020380-00020908 yeah so our clientele we mostly comes from within a one-mile radius of this studio
dYoXG4gpcqA-00042-00020910-00021404 but not entirely. So it's mostly just people who are looking for
dYoXG4gpcqA-00043-00021404-00021820 relaxation and yoga and you know that kind of thing
dYoXG4gpcqA-00044-00021820-00022314 and I don't think we've had I don't think any students have thought that cooperative was a bad idea
dYoXG4gpcqA-00045-00022314-00022679 I think everybody really loves that idea and some people might come here because
dYoXG4gpcqA-00046-00022680-00023056 it's cooperative because they feel like that's really neat it's a cooperative
dYoXG4gpcqA-00047-00023056-00023475 and they know that we're actually a cooperative like there are people who
dYoXG4gpcqA-00048-00023475-00023775 put the name cooperatives on their business but that aren't really
dYoXG4gpcqA-00049-00023775-00024129 cooperative which when we were first looking at becoming a cooperative we
dYoXG4gpcqA-00050-00024129-00024468 were like whoa I wonder who else is a cooperative and so I just did you know
dYoXG4gpcqA-00051-00024468-00024798 Google searches and I found their places and when I contacted them they're like
dYoXG4gpcqA-00052-00024798-00025148 oh yeah we're not really a cooperative we just you know we just do things
dYoXG4gpcqA-00053-00025148-00025436 cooperatively it's like well that's interesting
dYoXG4gpcqA-00054-00025988-00026389 right with my daughter having that conversation and then really
dYoXG4gpcqA-00055-00026389-00026804 it's something that I've always always been interested in is this idea of like
dYoXG4gpcqA-00056-00026804-00027112 ownership and who owns you know
dYoXG4gpcqA-00057-00027112-00027368 who owns something? like the people who come to
dYoXG4gpcqA-00058-00027368-00027731 this studio or how can you even own that? you know I can sort of understand how
dYoXG4gpcqA-00059-00027732-00028132 you could own a piece of property, even though that is a big question mark for me too
dYoXG4gpcqA-00060-00028132-00028624 but really owning a business like this it just seemed kind of counterintuitive
dYoXG4gpcqA-00061-00028624-00029144 and kind of counter to the principles of yoga and meditation
dYoXG4gpcqA-00062-00029144-00029332 we really talk a lot about community
dYoXG4gpcqA-00063-00029332-00029654 and really having a kind of sense of community
dYoXG4gpcqA-00064-00029654-00029976 and I think when you run a business as a sole owner
dYoXG4gpcqA-00065-00029976-00030474 it's not, doesn't feel like a community in the same way that it does once you are a cooperative
dYoXG4gpcqA-00066-00030476-00030902 because when you're even if you ask people their input you're still kind of
dYoXG4gpcqA-00067-00030902-00031082 the boss of everything
dYoXG4gpcqA-00068-00031082-00031388 and even when you're making decisions somewhat cooperatively
dYoXG4gpcqA-00069-00031388-00031688 they still know that in the end you own it and so
dYoXG4gpcqA-00070-00031688-00032127 when it's really shared and when everyone knows oh actually I own a piece of this
dYoXG4gpcqA-00071-00032127-00032545 and I'm getting profits when we do well his shift sort of the way people think
dYoXG4gpcqA-00072-00032545-00032884 and so for me that's what I really was longing for is that kind of
dYoXG4gpcqA-00073-00032886-00033270 real community where we're all working together for something
dYoXG4gpcqA-00074-00033862-00034352 very much very much an ethical choice very much a choice about like
dYoXG4gpcqA-00075-00034352-00034850 what's right not just what's right but really what is it that I want what we want
dYoXG4gpcqA-00076-00034850-00035228 or I want what is it that I'm really wanting in this business
dYoXG4gpcqA-00077-00035228-00035682 when I open the doors in 2003 I was already a practitioner of mindfulness
dYoXG4gpcqA-00078-00035682-00036104 and when I opened the doors I said I want this business to be a mindful business
dYoXG4gpcqA-00079-00036104-00036688 like everything about it I want us to do mindfully and with presence and compassion
dYoXG4gpcqA-00080-00036688-00037096 and so when I started thinking about a cooperative I was like yeah that's exactly in
dYoXG4gpcqA-00081-00037096-00037616 alignment with those values so that's really why I was a no-brainer for me
dYoXG4gpcqA-00082-00038206-00038658 we have thought a little bit about that but we really like what we have going here
dYoXG4gpcqA-00083-00038658-00039104 we don't really have any ideas, any thoughts to expand to other places
dYoXG4gpcqA-00084-00039720-00040104 yeah so as I was saying that as it's a bit of a challenge
dYoXG4gpcqA-00085-00040104-00040364 so I reached out to my nonprofit lawyer
dYoXG4gpcqA-00086-00040364-00040756 who I have had done a lot of work with and she said
dYoXG4gpcqA-00087-00040756-00041158 this is great but I don't know how set up a cooperative so she gave me the name of a
dYoXG4gpcqA-00088-00041158-00041364 lawyer who was out in California
dYoXG4gpcqA-00089-00041364-00041666 and so I worked with her by phone and we decided
dYoXG4gpcqA-00090-00041666-00042060 to set up the co-operative as a partnership in Minnesota
dYoXG4gpcqA-00091-00042060-00042498 because Minnesota seems to be a state that has a lot of experience with cooperatives
dYoXG4gpcqA-00092-00042499-00042778 and has a lot more structures in place
dYoXG4gpcqA-00093-00042778-00043128 so we set it up as a partnership in Minnesota
dYoXG4gpcqA-00094-00043128-00043729 and wrote our bylaws based on that and we we all kind of work together in the
dYoXG4gpcqA-00095-00043729-00044196 bylaws and then started and then we went and we shifted to cooperative
dYoXG4gpcqA-00096-00044196-00044674 so over time we found that there are some limitations of that form
dYoXG4gpcqA-00097-00044674-00045224 working with the Federation of cooperatives we found people who can help us figure out the best form for us
dYoXG4gpcqA-00098-00045224-00045528 and so subsequently we've shifted from being a partnership
dYoXG4gpcqA-00099-00045529-00045882 to being a corporation so we're a cooperative corporation
dYoXG4gpcqA-00100-00045882-00046084 still out of Minnesota
dYoXG4gpcqA-00101-00046084-00046554 but now we're we have a slightly different structure
dYoXG4gpcqA-00102-00046554-00046908 so that we can start to keep a reserve and do some things that we couldn't do with the
dYoXG4gpcqA-00103-00046908-00047342 other structure but what's been really the most beneficial is this Federation
dYoXG4gpcqA-00104-00047342-00047700 of cooperatives the US Federation of cooperatives I think it's what it's
dYoXG4gpcqA-00105-00047700-00048242 called and they've been able to bring us professionals who can help us with the
dYoXG4gpcqA-00106-00048242-00048726 things we need to be able to do because we no one here at this yoga studio has
dYoXG4gpcqA-00107-00048727-00048932 any idea how to do any of that stuff
dYoXG4gpcqA-00108-00048932-00049120 but there are people right out there and
dYoXG4gpcqA-00109-00049120-00049312 they're very happy to support us
dYoXG4gpcqA-00110-00049312-00049690 some people we've had to pay for their time and  some people have helped us for free
dYoXG4gpcqA-00111-00049794-00050046 oh and can I just add also
dYoXG4gpcqA-00112-00050047-00050596 that now within DC there's a we're in Washington DC and there's this there's a movement
dYoXG4gpcqA-00113-00050596-00051022 afoot and cooperatives and so there are more and more people doing this work and
dYoXG4gpcqA-00114-00051022-00051445 I was at the day of for cooperatives last weekend and there were lawyers and
dYoXG4gpcqA-00115-00051445-00051790 other technical people who were offering free assistance and giving out their
dYoXG4gpcqA-00116-00051790-00052182 cards and you and the whole day was free and you could learn how to start a cooperative
dYoXG4gpcqA-00117-00052182-00052420 so I'm sure in other cities have that as well
dYoXG4gpcqA-00118-00052420-00052662 so it's just a matter of finding it
dYoXG4gpcqA-00119-00053270-00053972 we have, so we have our teachers are why am I forgetting the word for that
dYoXG4gpcqA-00120-00053972-00054326 they're contractors, so teachers are contractors because they just come and
dYoXG4gpcqA-00121-00054326-00054508 go and they can teach other places
dYoXG4gpcqA-00122-00054508-00054805 then we have the staff that is made up of
dYoXG4gpcqA-00123-00054805-00055105 some people who just work at the desk of the front desk
dYoXG4gpcqA-00124-00055105-00055324 and some people who are in management
dYoXG4gpcqA-00125-00055324-00055622 so we have a small management team there's about six people
dYoXG4gpcqA-00126-00055622-00056017 on the management team and that team meets every week and tries to make
dYoXG4gpcqA-00127-00056017-00056236 decisions cooperatively
dYoXG4gpcqA-00128-00056840-00057392 everyone who's a member gets to vote and we have on the board we elect two student members
dYoXG4gpcqA-00129-00057392-00057994 two teacher members, two desk members and then there are
dYoXG4gpcqA-00130-00057994-00058296 I think two or three more positions that could be anybody
dYoXG4gpcqA-00131-00058976-00059612 so the idea is that whatever profits we may get given back to teachers and staff
dYoXG4gpcqA-00132-00059612-00059862 based on how many hours
dYoXG4gpcqA-00133-00059862-00060298 so you know those who work  they work more getting a larger percentage
dYoXG4gpcqA-00134-00060298-00060638 we don't make a lot of money and right now  we're trying to build a reserve
dYoXG4gpcqA-00135-00060638-00060924 so we're not giving a lot of money back each year
dYoXG4gpcqA-00136-00060924-00061250 but the money that's in the reserve, should we ever close down,
dYoXG4gpcqA-00137-00061250-00061452 would then go back to the membership
dYoXG4gpcqA-00138-00061452-00061679 based on how many hours they work
dYoXG4gpcqA-00139-00062376-00062684 well there's a couple of big challenges that we faced
dYoXG4gpcqA-00140-00062684-00063167 one is the resistance to power giving up power
dYoXG4gpcqA-00141-00063167-00063450 and not that anybody was like I really  want to make decisions
dYoXG4gpcqA-00142-00063450-00063786 but people are more just like "ah this is taking too long"
dYoXG4gpcqA-00143-00063786-00064129 I want to get all streamline they want efficiency
dYoXG4gpcqA-00144-00064129-00064400 and group decision-making isn't as efficient
dYoXG4gpcqA-00145-00064400-00064790 you know having a regular board meeting having all that input and all of that
dYoXG4gpcqA-00146-00064790-00065324 it takes longer it's much better and I think everyone is way more invested
dYoXG4gpcqA-00147-00065326-00065792 and way more feeling like it's a community and feeling like they're part of it
dYoXG4gpcqA-00148-00065792-00066206 but it does take longer so that's probably sort of internal selling
dYoXG4gpcqA-00149-00066212-00066588 of the of the co-operative is a big part of what I think anyone who starts a
dYoXG4gpcqA-00150-00066588-00066930 cooperative has to be able to do, and I wasn't the best at that like I should
dYoXG4gpcqA-00151-00066930-00067326 have spent more time selling it internally so it's taken longer but now
dYoXG4gpcqA-00152-00067326-00067516 I think everyone's committed to it
dYoXG4gpcqA-00153-00067516-00067731 the other thing that's been challenging
dYoXG4gpcqA-00154-00067731-00068142 is that because I was a sole proprietor in the beginning and because I invested
dYoXG4gpcqA-00155-00068142-00068794 money in the business that money has been tricky to figure out technically
dYoXG4gpcqA-00156-00068794-00069048 so it's just like a technical issue is like well
dYoXG4gpcqA-00157-00069048-00069420 I don't want anyone who is in the co-operative to have that liability
dYoXG4gpcqA-00158-00069420-00069534 it's my liability
dYoXG4gpcqA-00159-00069534-00069826 so how can we we've had to set it up really carefully
dYoXG4gpcqA-00160-00069826-00070136 so that nobody else has liability for what I invested
dYoXG4gpcqA-00161-00070808-00071260 oh definitely, I think people who are student members feel way more committed
dYoXG4gpcqA-00162-00071260-00071452 like they're not going to go to another yoga studio
dYoXG4gpcqA-00163-00071452-00071706 this is their studio, they are a member you know
dYoXG4gpcqA-00164-00071706-00072078 they vote there and then we've had the the great fortune of
dYoXG4gpcqA-00165-00072078-00072426 having people who want to be on the board students who've wanted to be on the board
dYoXG4gpcqA-00166-00072426-00072744 even with teachers and staff who've wanted to be on the board
dYoXG4gpcqA-00167-00072744-00073036 I mean they really feel like they're part of the family you know
dYoXG4gpcqA-00168-00073036-00073252 the co-operative family and they feel
dYoXG4gpcqA-00169-00073252-00073722 they're gonna be out there talking us up and telling people about our structure
dYoXG4gpcqA-00170-00073722-00073920 and telling people how great we are because they're
dYoXG4gpcqA-00171-00073920-00074212 really really part of it that's different
dYoXG4gpcqA-00172-00074824-00075178 well I can say the best part of founding a co-op is that I feel like really I'm
dYoXG4gpcqA-00173-00075179-00075587 demonstrating something that people don't see everywhere that is really
dYoXG4gpcqA-00174-00075587-00076061 different than a corporation than a regular corporation that people can see
dYoXG4gpcqA-00175-00076061-00076382 I mean that is really one of the main reason I did this was because I wanted
dYoXG4gpcqA-00176-00076382-00076736 people to see that a cooperative  is something that you can do
dYoXG4gpcqA-00177-00076736-00077140 that anyone could just do, that you could take your small business and make it a
dYoXG4gpcqA-00178-00077140-00077418 cooperative, that it's not impossible
dYoXG4gpcqA-00179-00077418-00077552 because when I first heard of it I was
dYoXG4gpcqA-00180-00077552-00077882 like oh wow that's gonna be really hard but it's really not that hard
dYoXG4gpcqA-00181-00077882-00078268 and it really is important in it and I think the more we get the ball rolling with
dYoXG4gpcqA-00182-00078268-00078635 cooperatives the more they'll be people you know that won't be too hard I'll do
dYoXG4gpcqA-00183-00078635-00078924 it too so that's for me a big benefit
dYoXG4gpcqA-00184-00078924-00079166 and for a member the big benefit I think
dYoXG4gpcqA-00185-00079166-00079595 I don't know if you've seen this but for me I teach a lot of mindfulness and I've
dYoXG4gpcqA-00186-00079595-00080158 taught yoga in the past what I find is that everyone everywhere is looking for community
dYoXG4gpcqA-00187-00080158-00080510 everyone is looking for that kind of community where they matter and
dYoXG4gpcqA-00188-00080510-00080918 they have real connections with people and they're doing good work together
dYoXG4gpcqA-00189-00080918-00081160 that's what a cooperative is
dYoXG4gpcqA-00190-00081160-00081376 people coming together to do good work together
dYoXG4gpcqA-00191-00081377-00081606 and people feel great about that
dYoXG4gpcqA-00192-00081606-00081960 people who are on the board and  helping to like make decisions
dYoXG4gpcqA-00193-00081960-00082264 about bringing really interesting and healing work
dYoXG4gpcqA-00194-00082264-00082458 to other people they feel great about that
dYoXG4gpcqA-00195-00082458-00082808 so I think that you know if you were at
dYoXG4gpcqA-00196-00082808-00083278 a regular top-down company you never get that feeling
dYoXG4gpcqA-00197-00083968-00084454 yes, well you you feel like you belong, you feel like you're doing something good
dYoXG4gpcqA-00198-00084454-00084991 or you're you know you're really contributing to something positive and
dYoXG4gpcqA-00199-00084991-00085220 that's really what all of us want, right?
dYoXG4gpcqA-00200-00085220-00085462 that's what makes us happy is to  feel like we're contributing
dYoXG4gpcqA-00201-00085462-00085726 I think that is like the basic need of human beings
dYoXG4gpcqA-00202-00085726-00085880 to feel like we're contributing
dYoXG4gpcqA-00203-00086592-00086860 well keep going, we have this new space
dYoXG4gpcqA-00204-00086860-00087046 so we're going to have a larger studio space
dYoXG4gpcqA-00205-00087046-00087382 we'll have larger meditation groups larger classes
dYoXG4gpcqA-00206-00087382-00087706 we are actually now doing
dYoXG4gpcqA-00207-00087706-00088016 a scholarship fundraising that we've been doing so we can offer more
dYoXG4gpcqA-00208-00088017-00088184 scholarships to people
dYoXG4gpcqA-00209-00088184-00088532 we have been offering scholarships in the past but we really want to expand that
dYoXG4gpcqA-00210-00088532-00088862 so that we can bring in more people  who can't afford to come normally
dYoXG4gpcqA-00211-00088862-00089292 we really would like to diversify in that way so that so
dYoXG4gpcqA-00212-00089292-00089646 it's not just the people who can afford to come that are here that
dYoXG4gpcqA-00213-00089646-00090069 it's not you know kind of homogeneous, we really would like it to be more inclusive for
dYoXG4gpcqA-00214-00090070-00090282 everybody especially financially
dYoXG4gpcqA-00215-00090934-00091100 all they have to do is sign up online
dYoXG4gpcqA-00216-00091100-00091342 and they pay their I think it's $20 they
dYoXG4gpcqA-00217-00091342-00091534 pay and then they're a member
dYoXG4gpcqA-00218-00091534-00091852 and then we have a every September we have the annual meeting
dYoXG4gpcqA-00219-00091852-00092208 where we meet with anyone who wants to come who's a member and
dYoXG4gpcqA-00220-00092208-00092631 then we have at that time we also have voting so they can either vote in person
dYoXG4gpcqA-00221-00092632-00093046 at the annual meeting, or they vote online most people vote online because it's easier
dYoXG4gpcqA-00222-00093046-00093596 and then we have the new members or the new directors that come and join the board
dYoXG4gpcqA-00223-00094308-00094660 yeah I think I'm not involved in that anymore since I'm not the
dYoXG4gpcqA-00224-00094660-00094970 director but it's done through the management team hiring new staff that
dYoXG4gpcqA-00225-00094970-00095414 doesn't usually go through the board but as I said we're changing things now now
dYoXG4gpcqA-00226-00095414-00095672 like the salaries is going through the board and stuff and so
dYoXG4gpcqA-00227-00095680-00095990 as we if we were hiring new management it would go through the board
dYoXG4gpcqA-00228-00095990-00096424 but we haven't hired a new person in I want to say eight years
dYoXG4gpcqA-00229-00096426-00096770 for the management cuz everyone loves it here
dYoXG4gpcqA-00230-00096776-00096980 and we have a lot of teachers who want to teach here
dYoXG4gpcqA-00231-00096982-00097204 but it's hard because we already have a lot of great teachers
dYoXG4gpcqA-00232-00097208-00097488 we've had teachers who have been here from the day I opened
dYoXG4gpcqA-00233-00097488-00097810 the first people who came to class here in my first class I taught
dYoXG4gpcqA-00234-00097810-00098004 they came to class with their children
dYoXG4gpcqA-00235-00098006-00098134 they teach here now
dYoXG4gpcqA-00236-00098134-00098250 pretty much
dYoXG4gpcqA-00237-00098250-00098700 it's hard to I can't think of anyone who's ever quit unless they moved away
dYoXG4gpcqA-00238-00099432-00100070 not a lot, I just went to that co-op day and I do know "Tight Shift" which is Juan Reed
dYoXG4gpcqA-00239-00100070-00100336 who founded that and it's a returning citizens
dYoXG4gpcqA-00240-00100336-00100556 it's for cleaning and landscaping
dYoXG4gpcqA-00241-00100556-00100910 and it's an awesome co-op, so I've met him and talked to him a little bit
dYoXG4gpcqA-00242-00100910-00101272 and I went to this co-op day and I met some other people doing some things
dYoXG4gpcqA-00243-00101272-00101602 there but there aren't that many that I know of in the one I mentioned to you
dYoXG4gpcqA-00244-00101602-00101984 that I'd like to to make, meet them I'd actually like to hire that cooperative too
dYoXG4gpcqA-00245-00101984-00102220 because its cooperative so
dYoXG4gpcqA-00246-00102220-00102533 I haven't really met that many otherpeople doing cooperatives
dYoXG4gpcqA-00247-00103216-00103632 oh I already am a hundred percent I always want to do business with cooperatives
dYoXG4gpcqA-00248-00103632-00103983 because I believe in the model and I think it's it's the you know
dYoXG4gpcqA-00249-00103983-00104168 it's the future so
dYoXG4gpcqA-00250-00104816-00105244 we do, we are members of that the Federation of cooperatives and as I said
dYoXG4gpcqA-00251-00105244-00105461 they've been really helpful
dYoXG4gpcqA-00252-00105461-00105968 and then I went to this cooperative day which is the DC co-op stakeholders
dYoXG4gpcqA-00253-00105968-00106192 and so that was really interesting
dYoXG4gpcqA-00254-00106192-00106576 I'm also part of the philanthropy in this city
dYoXG4gpcqA-00255-00106576-00106950 and and I've been part of a program
dYoXG4gpcqA-00256-00106950-00107272 through something in the bay area that's called justice funders
dYoXG4gpcqA-00257-00107272-00107583 and so we were just up in Boston and I got to see
dYoXG4gpcqA-00258-00107585-00107904 a land cooperative that they have there and
dYoXG4gpcqA-00259-00107904-00108448 that the neighborhood, it's it's a neighborhood land cooperative that's been around for forty five years
dYoXG4gpcqA-00260-00108448-00108759 and they own, I don't even know, hundreds of acres
dYoXG4gpcqA-00261-00108759-00109120 and they own all the buildings there on them, but they can sell them to
dYoXG4gpcqA-00262-00109120-00109296 people but they own the land
dYoXG4gpcqA-00263-00109296-00109676 and then everything that happens there is decided democratically
dYoXG4gpcqA-00264-00109676-00110096 it's beautiful model and so I've been learning through different avenues about other
dYoXG4gpcqA-00265-00110096-00110464 cooperatives that are doing really cool work and that it's
dYoXG4gpcqA-00266-00110464-00110900 inspiring for me too and I'm interested in DC there are a couple of land Trust's
dYoXG4gpcqA-00267-00110900-00111056 that are getting started
dYoXG4gpcqA-00268-00111056-00111280 and so I'm interested in learning more about that too
dYoXG4gpcqA-00269-00111914-00112409 yeah I had no idea either so don't fret if you don't have any idea about how to do
dYoXG4gpcqA-00270-00112409-00112724 a cooperative you can find most of the information online
dYoXG4gpcqA-00271-00112724-00113108 and you can find people who can help you and there are definitely people who can
dYoXG4gpcqA-00272-00113108-00113542 help you for free and you can do, I did an online class a couple weeks ago
dYoXG4gpcqA-00273-00113548-00114126 someone offered in this area, so there's a lot of free resources for this and so
dYoXG4gpcqA-00274-00114126-00114428 yeah I had no idea either and I was able to do it
dYoXG4gpcqA-00275-00114428-00114744 so you definitely can do it, it's not as hard as it seems
daehpQ_oPOI-00000-00001072-00001520 Scientists predict that human-caused global warming should result in certain specific
daehpQ_oPOI-00001-00001520-00001918 patterns of warming. Because these patterns are consistent with what we expect to happen
daehpQ_oPOI-00002-00001918-00002270 as a result of the increased greenhouse effect, they’re considered “fingerprints” of
daehpQ_oPOI-00003-00002270-00002582 the human influence on the Earth’s climate.
daehpQ_oPOI-00004-00002582-00003086 As far back as 1865, physicist John Tyndall predicted that warming caused by the increased
daehpQ_oPOI-00005-00003086-00003488 greenhouse effect should cause nights to warm faster than days, and winters to warm faster
daehpQ_oPOI-00006-00003488-00003664 than summers.
daehpQ_oPOI-00007-00003664-00004082 He was able to make this prediction by knowing that at night and during the winter, the Earth’s
daehpQ_oPOI-00008-00004082-00004612 surface cools by radiating heat out to space. Greenhouse gases trap some of this heat, slowing
daehpQ_oPOI-00009-00004612-00004896 that nighttime and winter cooling. The sun doesn’t shine
daehpQ_oPOI-00010-00004896-00005324 all the time, the greenhouse effect is at work 24/7.
daehpQ_oPOI-00011-00005324-00005838 Additionally the moon gives us a good counter-example because it doesn’t have an atmosphere.
daehpQ_oPOI-00012-00005838-00006378 During the day, there’s nothing between the Sun and the Moon’s surface to block incoming sunlight.
daehpQ_oPOI-00013-00006378-00006802 At night, there are no greenhouse gases to trap the outgoing heat from the Moon.
daehpQ_oPOI-00014-00006802-00007338 As a result, the difference between day and night temperatures is extreme. Daytime temperatures
daehpQ_oPOI-00015-00007339-00007927 on the moon reach 120˚ Celsius, or 250˚ Fahrenheit. Nighttime temperatures
daehpQ_oPOI-00016-00007927-00008496 fall below minus 200˚ Celsius, or minus 330˚ Fahrenheit.
daehpQ_oPOI-00017-00008496-00008882 At the other extreme, Venus has a runaway greenhouse effect, much bigger than the greenhouse
daehpQ_oPOI-00018-00008882-00009579 effect on Earth. Its temperature is an intense 460˚ Celsius, or 730˚ Fahrenheit.
daehpQ_oPOI-00019-00009579-00010096 It’s like this day and night, all year long. Venus doesn’t even have seasons because
daehpQ_oPOI-00020-00010096-00010404 its greenhouse effect is so strong.
daehpQ_oPOI-00021-00010404-00010784 As these two examples illustrate, the bigger the greenhouse effect, the smaller the difference
daehpQ_oPOI-00022-00010785-00011245 between daytime and nighttime temperatures. We know humans are increasing the greenhouse
daehpQ_oPOI-00023-00011245-00011713 effect on Earth by burning more and more fossil fuels. If the greenhouse effect is increasing,
daehpQ_oPOI-00024-00011713-00012109 then the difference between nighttime and daytime temperatures, and between winter and
daehpQ_oPOI-00025-00012109-00012358 summer temperatures, should be shrinking.
daehpQ_oPOI-00026-00012358-00012832 There’s a common myth that global warming is caused by the Sun rather than humans.
daehpQ_oPOI-00027-00012832-00013346 That myth fails to account for the available evidence. If the Sun were responsible, we would see
daehpQ_oPOI-00028-00013347-00013813 an entirely different pattern of global warming. In that scenario, we would expect to see the
daehpQ_oPOI-00029-00013813-00014266 Earth warming most when sunlight is bombarding the surface the most – during the daytime,
daehpQ_oPOI-00030-00014266-00014686 and during the summer season. That means that if the Sun were responsible, we would see
daehpQ_oPOI-00031-00014686-00015176 days warming faster than nights, and summers warming faster than winters.
daehpQ_oPOI-00032-00015176-00015584 These expected patterns of global warming give scientists a clear test to determine
daehpQ_oPOI-00033-00015584-00016019 whether the evidence matches the fingerprints of human or solar-caused warming. It took
daehpQ_oPOI-00034-00016019-00016600 over 130 years before John Tyndall’s prediction was confirmed, but over the last few decades,
daehpQ_oPOI-00035-00016601-00017017 surface measurements have found nights warming faster than days, and winters warming faster
daehpQ_oPOI-00036-00017017-00017501 than summers. The difference between nighttime and daytime temperatures, and winter and summer
daehpQ_oPOI-00037-00017501-00017904 temperatures, is shrinking, just as Tyndall anticipated would happen due to the increased
daehpQ_oPOI-00038-00017904-00018144 greenhouse effect.
daehpQ_oPOI-00039-00018144-00018582 Fingerprints in the Earth’s climate change, like these changes in global warming patterns,
daehpQ_oPOI-00040-00018583-00018969 clearly point to humans, and not the Sun, as the culprit responsible for global warming
daehpQ_oPOI-00041-00018969-00019151 over the past century.
db8uknd9Ffu-00000-00000000-00000696 you say that you believe in your vision and your results don't show it you might be missing one
db8uknd9Ffu-00001-00000696-00001620 of these three things I'm giving you the formula for the power of true self belief you know I get
db8uknd9Ffu-00002-00001620-00002358 a lot of messages from people all the time that say Uzziah I'm serious about my business you know
db8uknd9Ffu-00003-00002358-00003102 I've got a million dollar idea I've got a dream I'm passionate I'm focused I'm motivated all I
db8uknd9Ffu-00004-00003102-00003990 need to do is this and then everything changes and so many people are I see full of crap I'm
db8uknd9Ffu-00005-00003990-00004773 just gonna give it to you raw direct straight in this video I don't personally get caught up in
db8uknd9Ffu-00006-00004773-00005604 a lot of people that claim that they're serious about something until I've seen the actual work
db8uknd9Ffu-00007-00005604-00006234 here's the problem though and this could be the most important video that I could ever share with
db8uknd9Ffu-00008-00006234-00007131 you you might be dead serious about believing in your vision but you don't know the steps to
db8uknd9Ffu-00009-00007131-00008181 apply to actually bring that belief to life so here is how to really believe in something so
db8uknd9Ffu-00010-00008181-00009291 deeply that it goes from out of your brain into the real world number one are you booked in are
db8uknd9Ffu-00011-00009291-00010218 you bought into whatever idea or a concept that you claim to be about the most successful people
db8uknd9Ffu-00012-00010218-00010812 in the world bought in let me tell you what I mean when I'm talking about bought in I want you
db8uknd9Ffu-00013-00010812-00011631 to imagine yourself at a poker table okay whenever you looked at poker players all of them are using
db8uknd9Ffu-00014-00011631-00012462 that poker face all of them are trying to win and all of them have chips that they're bringing to
db8uknd9Ffu-00015-00012462-00013278 the table you are a poker player of life you have the opportunity to be able to accomplish something
db8uknd9Ffu-00016-00013278-00014349 great but the only way that you can win the game is if you bring more chips to the table and you
db8uknd9Ffu-00017-00014349-00015018 walk away with more chips than the amount of chips that you brought in the first place in order to do
db8uknd9Ffu-00018-00015018-00015771 that you have to buy in you have to have idea in your mind that's so powerful that you have to be
db8uknd9Ffu-00019-00015771-00016704 willing to sacrifice your time your energy your effort all of your BS excuses to get it off the
db8uknd9Ffu-00020-00016704-00017424 ground you've got to buy in you've got to bring all of your chips to the table when I thought
db8uknd9Ffu-00021-00017424-00018279 about having this business it wasn't just about being a business owner to me I bought into the
db8uknd9Ffu-00022-00018279-00019269 concept of e-commerce I've been on computers all my life I have been loving computers from the time
db8uknd9Ffu-00023-00019269-00019959 that I was eight years old I've worked at computer companies in the past because I thought that was
db8uknd9Ffu-00024-00019959-00021033 my dream until I began to realize that the economy as a whole was making a shift to e-commerce and
db8uknd9Ffu-00025-00021033-00021849 being that I already loved computers and loved being on the Internet I'm saying man why don't I
db8uknd9Ffu-00026-00021849-00022977 really make it a calling to go all-in on building an online business I can't just have do it if I
db8uknd9Ffu-00027-00022977-00023451 want to be successful at it let me take a step back for your real quick let me take myself out
db8uknd9Ffu-00028-00023451-00024501 of it how many people do you know in the world today that have ever received money through a
db8uknd9Ffu-00029-00024501-00025521 digital exchange I'm talking PayPal venmo cash app whatever the case may be right millions of
db8uknd9Ffu-00030-00025521-00026343 people all over the world have utilized these services so they understand that there is power
db8uknd9Ffu-00031-00026343-00027012 and money being exchanged online you know what their problem is most of them they haven't bought
db8uknd9Ffu-00032-00027012-00027858 in at the highest levels see they're willing to exchange $200 $50 $100 online or whatever
db8uknd9Ffu-00033-00027858-00028914 their currency is but them making a complete financial overhaul of transacting money online
db8uknd9Ffu-00034-00028914-00029514 that's something totally different if you want to be successful in anything you can't just casually
db8uknd9Ffu-00035-00029514-00030189 do it see the millions of people that are making just a little bit of money online but not enough
db8uknd9Ffu-00036-00030189-00031064 to write home about not enough to quit their nine-to-five job they haven't brought in if you
db8uknd9Ffu-00037-00031064-00031658 want to accomplish something great you've got to buy in who do you think was the people that struck
db8uknd9Ffu-00038-00031658-00032408 it rich during the gold rush who do you think are the people that have brought any major innovations
db8uknd9Ffu-00039-00032408-00033300 to the world today these are people that went totally in to the concept that they believed
db8uknd9Ffu-00040-00033300-00034134 could make them successful you can't just have do it a lot of people have average investments into
db8uknd9Ffu-00041-00034134-00034812 things and that's the reason why they get average results to take this a step further the best way
db8uknd9Ffu-00042-00034812-00035532 that I can illustrate this is kind of looking in the spiritual realm of things you know when Jesus
db8uknd9Ffu-00043-00035532-00036429 Christ was on earth this is the most famous name in the history of civilization right when Jesus
db8uknd9Ffu-00044-00036429-00037293 Christ was on earth he had 12 disciples and when he spoke to these disciples about following him in
db8uknd9Ffu-00045-00037293-00038352 their spiritual journey he told them that if they were not willing to give up everything and denied
db8uknd9Ffu-00046-00038352-00039273 themselves also they could not be his disciple what was Christ telling the disciples buy into
db8uknd9Ffu-00047-00039273-00040114 it if you are serious about your spiritual life don't just have do it don't just be lukewarm
db8uknd9Ffu-00048-00040114-00041050 don't just be some timey buy-in put some skin in the game and a lot of people can understand that
db8uknd9Ffu-00049-00041050-00041782 when it comes to one facet of life but not see the parallels and every other turn if you want to be
db8uknd9Ffu-00050-00041782-00042643 successful in business you've got to buy in okay so maybe there's something that you can do over
db8uknd9Ffu-00051-00042643-00043486 the next twelve months to take your belief to the next level for me I had to quit my job I had to
db8uknd9Ffu-00052-00043486-00044182 totally make an exodus out of my old way of doing things so that way I could put the right time the
db8uknd9Ffu-00053-00044182-00044914 right money the right energy the right effort into getting my vision off the ground I could not have
db8uknd9Ffu-00054-00044914-00045703 do it I have sacrificed a hundred plus thousand dollars in debt invested into my business I've
db8uknd9Ffu-00055-00045703-00046549 put in the sleepless nights I've put in long hours because I have bought in when it comes
db8uknd9Ffu-00056-00046549-00047527 to your vision your dream your concept your future have you bought in or are you that person that's
db8uknd9Ffu-00057-00047527-00048256 just still kind of that play play person $20 on PayPal $50 on PayPal okay that's good enough
db8uknd9Ffu-00058-00048256-00049303 for me average behavior leads to average results average investment average life and most people in
db8uknd9Ffu-00059-00049303-00049996 this world today are only willing to buy in at an average level that's why they don't really have a
db8uknd9Ffu-00060-00049996-00050806 seat at the table okay here's the next thing I want you to really understand this your belief
db8uknd9Ffu-00061-00050806-00052237 about your vision if it's going to be successful it's going to go down this 3-step cycle learn seed
db8uknd9Ffu-00062-00052237-00053209 weight learn seed weight if you're going to be successful and anything that you are passionate
db8uknd9Ffu-00063-00053209-00054139 about in your life you got to learn and you got to learn so much more than the average person in
db8uknd9Ffu-00064-00054139-00055132 order to really take your vision to the next level Bill Gates didn't just learn a little bit about
db8uknd9Ffu-00065-00055132-00056089 computers he bought in Henry Ford didn't just learned a little bit about automobiles do you
db8uknd9Ffu-00066-00056089-00056641 notice that there's so many people in the earth that know how to be able to change a flat tire
db8uknd9Ffu-00067-00056641-00057619 that know how to put oil in a car that understand the basics of mechanics and car maintenance but
db8uknd9Ffu-00068-00057619-00058402 my oh my most of those people have never ever ray made real money having to do anything that
db8uknd9Ffu-00069-00058402-00059062 deals with cars where they bought in or was it superficial whatever your vision is you got to
db8uknd9Ffu-00070-00059062-00059791 learn the hell out of it what they will call this in a professional space is domain expertise
db8uknd9Ffu-00071-00059791-00060712 you need deep domain expertise and knowledge of whatever it is that you're trying to hone your
db8uknd9Ffu-00072-00060712-00061432 craft I see so many entrepreneurs people that claim that they want to be business owners but
db8uknd9Ffu-00073-00061432-00062091 they're never willing to learn they never pick up a book they never find mentors to gather new
db8uknd9Ffu-00074-00062091-00062764 bits of data from about how they did it in their business they're just looking within based upon
db8uknd9Ffu-00075-00062764-00063397 the knowledge that they already know but you cannot let you can't name any person that's
db8uknd9Ffu-00076-00063397-00064242 achieved world-class success that wasn't willing to learn more about that craft than 99% of the
db8uknd9Ffu-00077-00064242-00064992 people on the planet do you think that Michael Jordan knows the same level of knowledge about
db8uknd9Ffu-00078-00064992-00065635 basketball than the average person that just watches on television absolutely not Michael
db8uknd9Ffu-00079-00065635-00066373 Jordan has learned more about that industry than 99% of people in the world guaranteed again Bill
db8uknd9Ffu-00080-00066373-00066958 Gates does he just want average level learning about computers yeah he might have certain natural
db8uknd9Ffu-00081-00066958-00067666 gifts and tendencies that lends itself to that area but hidden to settle there he went all-in
db8uknd9Ffu-00082-00067666-00068599 he bought in and whatever it is that you're doing so much of your success is going to come from your
db8uknd9Ffu-00083-00068599-00069517 learning and the only people that accomplish massive success are life long learners every
db8uknd9Ffu-00084-00069517-00070177 day are you learning something about your craft are you learning something new about the industry
db8uknd9Ffu-00085-00070177-00070855 that you're in as a whole are you learning the business side of things are you learning about the
db8uknd9Ffu-00086-00070855-00071485 shifts and the trends that are happening in the marketplace because if you're not learning all of
db8uknd9Ffu-00087-00071485-00072094 these things how are you ever going to get better when things shift look at how many businesses in
db8uknd9Ffu-00088-00072094-00072850 the world today are bankrupt that were at one point in time billion-dollar corporations all
db8uknd9Ffu-00089-00072850-00073816 because of the fact that somebody stopped learning or didn't buy in once they saw the signs toys-r-us
db8uknd9Ffu-00090-00073816-00074443 could have been number one leading toy manufacturer of online distribution why
db8uknd9Ffu-00091-00074443-00075301 weren't they they didn't buy in Blockbuster could have been the number one media outlet that could
db8uknd9Ffu-00092-00075301-00076177 have distributed content online why didn't they they didn't buy in so it's not enough that you
db8uknd9Ffu-00093-00076177-00076828 should just learn you gotta buy into what you're learning you've got to take all of these things
db8uknd9Ffu-00094-00076828-00077611 hand in hand number two after you have learned right and again this is a non-stop process this
db8uknd9Ffu-00095-00077611-00078259 cycle continues all throughout your life is not just a one-time deal you've got to be willing to
db8uknd9Ffu-00096-00078259-00079126 plant the seeds of success daily you've got to be willing to put in the hours without any immediate
db8uknd9Ffu-00097-00079126-00080254 expectations of success in return plant the seeds when you plant a seed in life do you expect that
db8uknd9Ffu-00098-00080254-00080992 seed to turn into a tree overnight absolutely not and there's so much that goes into just putting
db8uknd9Ffu-00099-00080992-00081661 that seed in the ground you got to till the soil right you gotta water it it's got to get sunlight
db8uknd9Ffu-00100-00081661-00082150 you've got to make sure that you're digging the weeds out of the ground and so many different
db8uknd9Ffu-00101-00082150-00082942 things that goes into the process of really cultivating and nurturing that seed for it to
db8uknd9Ffu-00102-00082942-00083980 ever grow into something powerful if you have a vision and you claim to believe in it but you're
db8uknd9Ffu-00103-00083980-00084559 not planting the seeds you don't really believe or at least I'm not gonna take you seriously if
db8uknd9Ffu-00104-00084559-00085192 you just want me to take you seriously based upon your words I'm not going anywhere with that okay
db8uknd9Ffu-00105-00085192-00085930 neither is life everybody in life got a dream I hope you know that everybody in life wants to
db8uknd9Ffu-00106-00085930-00086407 be successful but what separates two people that actually are from the people that just talk about
db8uknd9Ffu-00107-00086407-00087382 it learning seeding buying in going through this process okay here's what seeding looks like okay
db8uknd9Ffu-00108-00087382-00087952 you learn something that you're supposed to do in your business you go off and you execute you
db8uknd9Ffu-00109-00087952-00088681 don't just store the information in your mind and become an information junkie you apply what
db8uknd9Ffu-00110-00088681-00089698 you've learned you do it on a consistent day to day basis until an end result is achieved and you
db8uknd9Ffu-00111-00089698-00090658 are willing to work at this from year to year to year to year without immediate expectations of a
db8uknd9Ffu-00112-00090658-00091546 return this is the truth man a lot of people are not built for business a lot of people they don't
db8uknd9Ffu-00113-00091546-00092368 have the mental fortitude to get over the hump but if this is you this is the steps the third
db8uknd9Ffu-00114-00092368-00093097 thing once the seed has been planted you've got to wait for it okay a lot of you guys who watch
db8uknd9Ffu-00115-00093097-00093555 my videos right now and you're like man with the information that this brother is dropping
db8uknd9Ffu-00116-00093555-00094116 you know millions of people should be looking at these videos it should be shared and people should
db8uknd9Ffu-00117-00094116-00094929 be talking about it and commenting about it listen that's okay I know that it's going to come because
db8uknd9Ffu-00118-00094929-00095832 I believe in my vision enough to plant the seeds all I have to do once the seed has been planted is
db8uknd9Ffu-00119-00095832-00096687 wait for it go back to learning new things plant more seeds and then wait notice how I don't put on
db8uknd9Ffu-00120-00096687-00097614 this chart reaping the harvest that's one of the biggest detriment that you may have right now and
db8uknd9Ffu-00121-00097614-00098199 that's what's stopping you from really becoming successful see a lot of the most successful people
db8uknd9Ffu-00122-00098199-00099252 in the world they look at all of the benefits that comes to their life as an added bonus of something
db8uknd9Ffu-00123-00099252-00100014 that they would have pursued anyway Steve Jobs would have been in technology anyway Bill Gates
db8uknd9Ffu-00124-00100014-00100704 would have been in technology anyway when you look at people who are really driven and really
db8uknd9Ffu-00125-00100704-00101244 motivated really passionate to get something great done they're not just doing it for the
db8uknd9Ffu-00126-00101244-00102036 dollar to hell with the dollar a dollar is only a reflection of the value that's been produced in
db8uknd9Ffu-00127-00102036-00102852 the world but that has nothing to do with your own curiosity your own natural strengths and how you
db8uknd9Ffu-00128-00102852-00103689 felt a calling to pursue that day by day so I'm deliberately taking out the reaping of the harvest
db8uknd9Ffu-00129-00103689-00104145 right here because for a lot of you that's the only thing that you want in the first place and
db8uknd9Ffu-00130-00104145-00104775 that's the reason why you don't buy in that's the reason why you don't learn that's the reason why
db8uknd9Ffu-00131-00104775-00105311 you don't plant seeds and that's the reason why you can't wait because you want to cut out the
db8uknd9Ffu-00132-00105311-00106149 entire process with expectations of getting rich overnight you're so much more focused on the event
db8uknd9Ffu-00133-00106149-00107358 of success that you do not at all in best in the process you must invest in the process you have
db8uknd9Ffu-00134-00107358-00108354 to begin to love the journey of it more than the actual result you've got to love it you've got to
db8uknd9Ffu-00135-00108354-00109160 start to develop a focus on these things and guess what whenever the success happens it happens you
db8uknd9Ffu-00136-00109160-00109920 can't control that in life the only thing that you can control is did I buy in did I learn as much as
db8uknd9Ffu-00137-00109920-00110631 a human being could possibly be learning something about this subject did I make myself unstoppable
db8uknd9Ffu-00138-00110631-00111165 about everything that I need to know about in my business and did I wake up and plant seeds every
db8uknd9Ffu-00139-00111165-00111939 day see that these are all variables that you can control and that's a blessing because if success
db8uknd9Ffu-00140-00111939-00112575 was just a random choice of somebody just wakes up one day and becomes a millionaire boy wouldn't
db8uknd9Ffu-00141-00112575-00113106 that be a tragedy for the person that works every single day and doesn't see anything see the more
db8uknd9Ffu-00142-00113106-00114033 you put yourself at this cycle the better of a chance you get at reaching success you could
db8uknd9Ffu-00143-00114033-00114939 attribute other people's success to luck all day but guess what you have to work hard to get lucky
db8uknd9Ffu-00144-00114939-00115859 the harder you work the luckier you get right so who's more bound to be more lucky going through
db8uknd9Ffu-00145-00115859-00116547 this cycle the person that goes through it one time learns one thing plants one seed and then
db8uknd9Ffu-00146-00116547-00117222 just sits on there behind waiting for success to follow them or the person who's gone through this
db8uknd9Ffu-00147-00117222-00118023 cycle thousands of times and they just hit it big once see that's how you got to look at this thing
db8uknd9Ffu-00148-00118023-00118680 you've got to be so driven by your passion in your pursuit you treat life itself like you're at a
db8uknd9Ffu-00149-00118680-00119379 slot machine so you don't have to hit the jackpot every time you put a quarter in but if you bring
db8uknd9Ffu-00150-00119379-00120072 enough coins to that machine and you buy in and with the faith that something is from it you know
db8uknd9Ffu-00151-00120072-00120758 the money is there you know the success is there guess what it doesn't matter if you put the coin
db8uknd9Ffu-00152-00120758-00121701 in one time a thousand times or a million times if you really believe in your vision you will
db8uknd9Ffu-00153-00121701-00122604 sit at that slot machine until the coins come out alright and there's no better gamble to have than
db8uknd9Ffu-00154-00122604-00123273 to gamble on your own success by putting in the effort not even talking about Vegas and real-life
db8uknd9Ffu-00155-00123273-00123870 gambling I'm talking about just looking at your own personal success as such okay so the cycle
db8uknd9Ffu-00156-00123870-00124583 doesn't stop and the more that you can begin to come one with everything that I said in this
db8uknd9Ffu-00157-00124583-00125580 message the faster you will be successful mark my words the more that you reject you gain say
db8uknd9Ffu-00158-00125580-00126207 you troll the concepts of what I'm talking about here you know how people will do that they'll try
db8uknd9Ffu-00159-00126207-00126705 to find one little tiny thing that they can pick apart and be like oh no it shouldn't look like
db8uknd9Ffu-00160-00126705-00127215 that it should look like this as if that throws off the entire message I've been talking about for
db8uknd9Ffu-00161-00127215-00127958 the past 20 minutes it doesn't throw off anything the more that you try to resist all of what I just
db8uknd9Ffu-00162-00127958-00128667 said over these past 20 minutes the more you're gonna prolong your own success the more miserable
db8uknd9Ffu-00163-00128667-00129342 you're gonna make your own existence because the only thing that you can do to get success is to
db8uknd9Ffu-00164-00129342-00130239 embrace the pain embrace the challenges plant the seeds and then you'll reap the harvest okay so if
db8uknd9Ffu-00165-00130239-00130974 you want to know more about how to transition successfully out of your nine-to-five job into
db8uknd9Ffu-00166-00130974-00131784 having your own full-time business if you've bought in to the idea that you deserve to have
db8uknd9Ffu-00167-00131784-00132330 your own freedom and your own independence then I want you to click the link below I want you to tap
db8uknd9Ffu-00168-00132330-00132804 up because I'm going to show you the steps on how to be able to make that transition successfully
db8uknd9Ffu-00169-00132804-00133569 see if you bought in you're gonna click the link because it's free so you have nothing to lose but
db8uknd9Ffu-00170-00133569-00134130 if you haven't bought in and oh you know I kind of want to be successful so I kind of watched a
db8uknd9Ffu-00171-00134130-00134727 video but I won't take action I'll just hope that by me hearing it somehow that will magically put
db8uknd9Ffu-00172-00134727-00135186 money into my bank account if you haven't really bought in then you're not going to click the link
db8uknd9Ffu-00173-00135186-00136290 I'm challenging you right now to cut the crap and buy in take one step to learn what you need
db8uknd9Ffu-00174-00136290-00136773 to do to have a better life and then I'm going to encourage you to go out and plant the seeds
db8uknd9Ffu-00175-00136773-00137550 and wait until success happens alright guys make sure that you take this video seriously watch it
db8uknd9Ffu-00176-00137550-00138201 over and over and over again until it starts to create change in your life I love you that's why
db8uknd9Ffu-00177-00138201-00138588 I'm doing these videos there's a million other different things I could have been doing right
db8uknd9Ffu-00178-00138588-00139161 now in my time but I love you enough to show you the things that so many of us have never
db8uknd9Ffu-00179-00139161-00139749 been taught in our lives that's the reason why we have dreams inside of us that dies watch
db8uknd9Ffu-00180-00139749-00140457 this video until you get it down alright go to the link get started and buy you and I'll see you soon
dclfD6a4w3Q-00000-00000000-00000200 The best lobster
dclfD6a4w3Q-00001-00000200-00000400 Sea food 
dclfD6a4w3Q-00002-00000400-00000600 Street food 
dcUjylluME8-00000-00000802-00001249 See the negative forces, or the loyal forces of the opposition
dcUjylluME8-00001-00001249-00001655 won’t bother you as long as you’re not developing spiritually.
dcUjylluME8-00002-00001771-00002051 And as soon as you start  to develop spiritually,
dcUjylluME8-00003-00002051-00002320 they send their minions against you
dcUjylluME8-00004-00002320-00002641 to get you to change your mind  and go in another direction.
dcUjylluME8-00005-00002641-00002966 As soon as they’ve done  that they leave you alone
dcUjylluME8-00006-00002994-00003486 and then you say, “See, it’s all over there. That’s where I got hurt and,” And you blame.
dcUjylluME8-00007-00003486-00003794 All of a sudden, they come  back in on the blame and go,
dcUjylluME8-00008-00003794-00004148 “We weren’t finished with you, we didn’t want you over there.”
dcUjylluME8-00009-00004148-00004630 Because all of a sudden you’ll start to see what they’re doing and then you thwart them.
dcUjylluME8-00010-00004702-00004973 It’s better to learn how to face them
dcUjylluME8-00011-00004973-00005405 and deal with them. And you don’t deal with them from a state of negativity
dcUjylluME8-00012-00005405-00005769 because that’s giving bullets to your enemy to shoot at you.
dcUjylluME8-00013-00005820-00006136 You deal at them out of  a state of positiveness.
dcUjylluME8-00014-00006136-00006459 And you don’t go “Nay na na nay na! You missed me!”
dcUjylluME8-00015-00006459-00006816 Because they’ll go, “Right, we’ll show you what we missed.”
dcUjylluME8-00016-00006816-00007030 Then they bring in the big guns.
dcUjylluME8-00017-00007208-00007629 And a lot of that stuff is very fearful when you sense it coming.
dcUjylluME8-00018-00007629-00007903 –Yeah, very much so.  –Because you can’t duck it.
dcUjylluME8-00019-00007903-00008302 –There’s like no place to hide.  –That’s right.
dcUjylluME8-00020-00008302-00008496 So the thing to do is
dcUjylluME8-00021-00008496-00008897 to call onto your spiritual light, surround yourself, protect yourself,
dcUjylluME8-00022-00008897-00009064 ask for God,
dcUjylluME8-00023-00009064-00009285 Jesus, the Holy Spirit,
dcUjylluME8-00024-00009285-00009406 Travelers,
dcUjylluME8-00025-00009564-00010098 to come in through your Spirit and your Soul and fill you up from Light from the inside
dcUjylluME8-00026-00010098-00010352 and to push all negativity away.
dcUjylluME8-00027-00010511-00010809 If you ask to be surrounded and protected
dcUjylluME8-00028-00010809-00010976 and filled with light,
dcUjylluME8-00029-00010976-00011494 you may be surrounding and protecting those things that got through to you and they can’t get out.
dcUjylluME8-00030-00011494-00011598 I’m sorry?
dcUjylluME8-00031-00011641-00011898 If the negative things get to you,
dcUjylluME8-00032-00011898-00012268 and you ask to be surrounded, protected and filled with Light,
dcUjylluME8-00033-00012268-00012925 the ones that got to you are now being surrounded and protected with Light so they stay in.
dcUjylluME8-00034-00012960-00013500 That’s why I said you ask for the Light to come through the Spirit and Soul, down into the body
dcUjylluME8-00035-00013500-00013674 and the life stream
dcUjylluME8-00036-00013806-00014361 and remove all negativity and then surround and protect and fill you with Light.
ddT2gvcOGBg-00000-00000010-00000096 PROGRAMS CARE ARE IN IMMINENT 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00001-00000096-00000103 PROGRAMS CARE ARE IN IMMINENT   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00002-00000103-00000373 PROGRAMS CARE ARE IN IMMINENT  RISK OF HARM. 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00003-00000373-00000380 PROGRAMS CARE ARE IN IMMINENT  RISK OF HARM.   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00004-00000380-00000483 PROGRAMS CARE ARE IN IMMINENT  RISK OF HARM.  >>> A 44-YEAR-OLD HILL CITY MAN 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00005-00000483-00000490 RISK OF HARM.  >>> A 44-YEAR-OLD HILL CITY MAN   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00006-00000490-00000693 RISK OF HARM.  >>> A 44-YEAR-OLD HILL CITY MAN  ACCUSED OF SHOOTING AT POLICE
ddT2gvcOGBg-00007-00000693-00000700 >>> A 44-YEAR-OLD HILL CITY MAN  ACCUSED OF SHOOTING AT POLICE  
ddT2gvcOGBg-00008-00000700-00000854 >>> A 44-YEAR-OLD HILL CITY MAN  ACCUSED OF SHOOTING AT POLICE OFFICERS EARLIER THIS MONTH HAS 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00009-00000854-00000860 ACCUSED OF SHOOTING AT POLICE OFFICERS EARLIER THIS MONTH HAS   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00010-00000860-00000927 ACCUSED OF SHOOTING AT POLICE OFFICERS EARLIER THIS MONTH HAS  BEEN CHARGED WITH IN CONNECTION
ddT2gvcOGBg-00011-00000927-00000934 OFFICERS EARLIER THIS MONTH HAS  BEEN CHARGED WITH IN CONNECTION  
ddT2gvcOGBg-00012-00000934-00001061 OFFICERS EARLIER THIS MONTH HAS  BEEN CHARGED WITH IN CONNECTION WITH THE INCIDENT.
ddT2gvcOGBg-00013-00001061-00001067 BEEN CHARGED WITH IN CONNECTION WITH THE INCIDENT.  
ddT2gvcOGBg-00014-00001067-00001217 BEEN CHARGED WITH IN CONNECTION WITH THE INCIDENT. ROY MILLER MADE HIS FIRST COURT 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00015-00001217-00001224 WITH THE INCIDENT. ROY MILLER MADE HIS FIRST COURT   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00016-00001224-00001284 WITH THE INCIDENT. ROY MILLER MADE HIS FIRST COURT  APPEARANCE TODAY IN ITASCA 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00017-00001284-00001291 ROY MILLER MADE HIS FIRST COURT  APPEARANCE TODAY IN ITASCA   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00018-00001291-00001428 ROY MILLER MADE HIS FIRST COURT  APPEARANCE TODAY IN ITASCA  COUNTY COURT.
ddT2gvcOGBg-00019-00001428-00001434 APPEARANCE TODAY IN ITASCA  COUNTY COURT.  
ddT2gvcOGBg-00020-00001434-00001598 APPEARANCE TODAY IN ITASCA  COUNTY COURT. MILLER IS CHARGED WITH
ddT2gvcOGBg-00021-00001598-00001604 COUNTY COURT. MILLER IS CHARGED WITH  
ddT2gvcOGBg-00022-00001604-00001758 COUNTY COURT. MILLER IS CHARGED WITH FIVE COUNTS OF ATTEMPTED 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00023-00001758-00001764 MILLER IS CHARGED WITH FIVE COUNTS OF ATTEMPTED   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00024-00001764-00001908 MILLER IS CHARGED WITH FIVE COUNTS OF ATTEMPTED  SECOND-DEGREE MURDER
ddT2gvcOGBg-00025-00001908-00001915 FIVE COUNTS OF ATTEMPTED  SECOND-DEGREE MURDER  
ddT2gvcOGBg-00026-00001915-00002021 FIVE COUNTS OF ATTEMPTED  SECOND-DEGREE MURDER FIVE COUNTS OF FIRST-DEGREE 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00027-00002021-00002028 SECOND-DEGREE MURDER FIVE COUNTS OF FIRST-DEGREE   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00028-00002028-00002178 SECOND-DEGREE MURDER FIVE COUNTS OF FIRST-DEGREE  ASSAULT ON A PEACE OFFICER WITH
ddT2gvcOGBg-00029-00002178-00002185 FIVE COUNTS OF FIRST-DEGREE  ASSAULT ON A PEACE OFFICER WITH  
ddT2gvcOGBg-00030-00002185-00002252 FIVE COUNTS OF FIRST-DEGREE  ASSAULT ON A PEACE OFFICER WITH DEADLY FORCE AND TWO COUNTS OF 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00031-00002252-00002258 ASSAULT ON A PEACE OFFICER WITH DEADLY FORCE AND TWO COUNTS OF   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00032-00002258-00002442 ASSAULT ON A PEACE OFFICER WITH DEADLY FORCE AND TWO COUNTS OF  DOMESTIC ASSAULT.
ddT2gvcOGBg-00033-00002442-00002449 DEADLY FORCE AND TWO COUNTS OF  DOMESTIC ASSAULT.  
ddT2gvcOGBg-00034-00002449-00002602 DEADLY FORCE AND TWO COUNTS OF  DOMESTIC ASSAULT. THE COURT ORDERED MENTAL HEALTH 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00035-00002602-00002609 DOMESTIC ASSAULT. THE COURT ORDERED MENTAL HEALTH   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00036-00002609-00002709 DOMESTIC ASSAULT. THE COURT ORDERED MENTAL HEALTH  EVALUATIONS TO DETERMINE 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00037-00002709-00002716 THE COURT ORDERED MENTAL HEALTH  EVALUATIONS TO DETERMINE   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00038-00002716-00002866 THE COURT ORDERED MENTAL HEALTH  EVALUATIONS TO DETERMINE  MILLER'S COMPETENCY.
ddT2gvcOGBg-00039-00002866-00002872 EVALUATIONS TO DETERMINE  MILLER'S COMPETENCY.  
ddT2gvcOGBg-00040-00002872-00003022 EVALUATIONS TO DETERMINE  MILLER'S COMPETENCY. THE NEXT COURT DATE WILL BE SET 
ddT2gvcOGBg-00041-00003022-00003029 MILLER'S COMPETENCY. THE NEXT COURT DATE WILL BE SET   
ddT2gvcOGBg-00042-00003029-00003129 MILLER'S COMPETENCY. THE NEXT COURT DATE WILL BE SET  ONCE THE EVALUATIONS HAVE BEEN
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dhOBMhG3pQE-00000-00000000-00000658 Alright, here we are this is Matthew for Beginners. This is lesson number 11,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00001-00000658-00001475 were on chapter 19 of Matthew, famous chapter 19 of Matthew. The title of this
dhOBMhG3pQE-00002-00001475-00002298 lesson, "Marriage-Divorce-Remarriage" and this in our narrative discourse,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00003-00002298-00002809 this is discourse, or excuse me, this is narrative number five.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00004-00002809-00003486 OK, so Jesus' ministry in the northern part of the country near His
dhOBMhG3pQE-00005-00003486-00004212 hometown of Galilee is complete and now He prepares to go to Jerusalem. So this
dhOBMhG3pQE-00006-00004212-00004626 particular narrative, narrative number five, divides itself into two basic
dhOBMhG3pQE-00007-00004626-00005162 sections. So one section are the events that take place while He's on His way to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00008-00005162-00005571 the city, we read all the time that He was being followed by crowds,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00009-00005571-00005967 crowds were around Him, things were always going on around Him as He
dhOBMhG3pQE-00010-00005967-00006665 traveled, there's that part of narrative number 5, and then Matthew describes what
dhOBMhG3pQE-00011-00006665-00007263 takes place in and around the temple in Jerusalem when He finally arrives in
dhOBMhG3pQE-00012-00007263-00007847 that city. So this narrative shows Jesus' reaction to people and their
dhOBMhG3pQE-00013-00007847-00008504 reaction to Him, there's a lot of that in this particular particular section. Also
dhOBMhG3pQE-00014-00008504-00008940 if you've read through you'll note that there's the general hostility
dhOBMhG3pQE-00015-00008940-00009384 and doubt that was in the north is even more evident, more pronounced among the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00016-00009384-00010146 leaders as Jesus enters the city and the temple area. OK, so let's go to the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00017-00010146-00011057 descent to Jerusalem and chapter 19: 1-2. And if you read in
dhOBMhG3pQE-00018-00011057-00011561 chapter 19 verses 1 and 2 you'll note that His healing ministry continues to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00019-00011561-00012207 the masses as He approaches the city and then when He gets to the city He has a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00020-00012207-00012671 confrontation with the Pharisees and that's what I'm gonna focus on tonight
dhOBMhG3pQE-00021-00012671-00013326 in verses 3 to 15, I'm gonna devote the entire lesson to this. If you want to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00022-00013326-00013665 look at everything that took place in narrative number five, because there's
dhOBMhG3pQE-00023-00013665-00014165 not just this confrontation with the Pharisees, there's more to it than that,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00024-00014165-00014547 but I want to focus on this here because there's been so much teaching and so
dhOBMhG3pQE-00025-00014547-00015129 much debate on this particular topic, I'd like to develop this tonight. So
dhOBMhG3pQE-00026-00015129-00015578 let's read chapter nineteen verse 3. It says, "Some Pharisees came to Jesus,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00027-00015578-00016244 testing Him and asking, 'Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any reason
dhOBMhG3pQE-00028-00016244-00017234 at all?'" So Matthew says that this was a test, a test to see which side Jesus
dhOBMhG3pQE-00029-00017234-00017700 favored in the divorce issue that was raging at the time. Imagine that, this
dhOBMhG3pQE-00030-00017700-00018185 debate in the church even today about marriage and divorce, the same type of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00031-00018185-00018948 debate was raging at that time among the Jews. So they test Him about
dhOBMhG3pQE-00032-00018948-00019581 that particular issue and they're testing Him on
dhOBMhG3pQE-00033-00019581-00020066 the meaning of a particular verse that they were debating over and that is in
dhOBMhG3pQE-00034-00020066-00020594 Deuteronomy chapter 24. So I want  to read that. Deuteronomy chapter 24,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00035-00020594-00021054 verse 1. It says, "When a man takes a wife and marries her, and it happens that she
dhOBMhG3pQE-00036-00021054-00021512 finds no favor in his eyes because he has found some indecency in her, and he
dhOBMhG3pQE-00037-00021512-00021954 writes her a certificate of divorce and puts it in her hand sends her out
dhOBMhG3pQE-00038-00021954-00022463 from his house, and she leaves his house and goes and becomes another man's wife,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00039-00022463-00022901 and if the latter husband turns against her and writes her a certificate of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00040-00022901-00023354 divorce and puts it in her hand sends her out of his house, or if the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00041-00023354-00023690 latter husband dies who took her to be his wife
dhOBMhG3pQE-00042-00023690-00024300 then her former husband who sent her away is not allowed to take her again to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00043-00024300-00024840 be his wife, since she has been defiled; for that is an abomination before the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00044-00024840-00025259 Lord, and you shall not bring sin on the land which the Lord your God gives you
dhOBMhG3pQE-00045-00025259-00026213 as an inheritance." So based on this passage there was a debate going on at
dhOBMhG3pQE-00046-00026213-00026662 that time and this debate was represented by two schools
dhOBMhG3pQE-00047-00026662-00027519 of thought, two rabbis; Rabbi Shammai when he read this, when he interpreted
dhOBMhG3pQE-00048-00027519-00028419 this, he said that the only reason for divorce was shameful conduct, immorality,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00049-00028419-00029035 sexual immorality; this was the only reason that a person could divorce their
dhOBMhG3pQE-00050-00029035-00029455 spouse. Of course, in Jewish society only the men could initiate a divorce, the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00051-00029455-00029997 women could not initiate a divorce, so it's basically talking to the men. Then there
dhOBMhG3pQE-00052-00029997-00030527 was another rabbi, another school of thought, Rabbi Hillel. When he read this
dhOBMhG3pQE-00053-00030527-00031219 his interpretation was, well, any cause, any cause, any displeasure that the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00054-00031219-00031807 husband had with his wife was reason to divorce her; she didn't look appealing
dhOBMhG3pQE-00055-00031807-00032447 anymore, that was a cause of divorce,  her cooking skills were not that great,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00056-00032447-00033019 another reason for divorce. So we would say that Rabbi Shammai had a much
dhOBMhG3pQE-00057-00033019-00033522 stricter, more conservative view and Rabbi Hillel had a more liberal view on
dhOBMhG3pQE-00058-00033522-00034324 the acceptable reason for a divorce. So this is the question that they come to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00059-00034324-00034945 Jesus with alright? They want Him to kind of settle the dispute, but it wasn't
dhOBMhG3pQE-00060-00034945-00035281 really, they weren't asking Him an academic question, they were asking Him a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00061-00035281-00035974 question to test Him, to trap Him. You see if Jesus sided with the stricter view, He
dhOBMhG3pQE-00062-00035974-00036475 could be responsible, He could be reproached rather, for His friendly
dhOBMhG3pQE-00063-00036475-00037119 treatment of sinners. I mean He forgave the prostitute, He moved among sinners
dhOBMhG3pQE-00064-00037119-00037569 and tax collectors and divorcees and so on, He moved around a pretty
dhOBMhG3pQE-00065-00037569-00038086 rough crowd and so if He says, 'No. No. I believe that Rabbi Shammai is correct,'
dhOBMhG3pQE-00066-00038086-00038368 well people said, 'Boy, You're a hypocrite. What's going
dhOBMhG3pQE-00067-00038368-00038709 on? You have a strict view of this and yet You hang around with
dhOBMhG3pQE-00068-00038709-00039259 sinners?' If on the other hand He sided with the more lax view, then the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00069-00039259-00039781 Pharisees could then side with the opposite and accuse Him of moral laxity.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00070-00039781-00040361 'You're easy on divorce,' that would be the accusation. And then if
dhOBMhG3pQE-00071-00040361-00040942 He declared Himself against all divorce, no divorce for any reason whatsoever,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00072-00040942-00041504 then they would charge Him with contradicting the law of Moses which did
dhOBMhG3pQE-00073-00041504-00042188 permit divorce. So there was no  answer to this question. This was like
dhOBMhG3pQE-00074-00042188-00042596 a no-win situation, anyway He would answer, they would interpret it in such a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00075-00042596-00043031 way to come back and attack Him. So let's read a little more about this passage, or
dhOBMhG3pQE-00076-00043031-00043553 a little more of this passage. It says, "And He answered and said, 'Have you not
dhOBMhG3pQE-00077-00043553-00043937 read that He who created them from the beginning made them male and female, and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00078-00043937-00044327 said, 'For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00079-00044327-00044972 his wife, and the two shall become one flesh'? So they are no longer two, but one
dhOBMhG3pQE-00080-00044972-00045734 flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let no man separate.'" OK, so in
dhOBMhG3pQE-00081-00045734-00046280 responding to their question, Jesus begins by revealing the error of their
dhOBMhG3pQE-00082-00046280-00046862 thinking; that is that God's will concerning marriage was fully contained
dhOBMhG3pQE-00083-00046862-00047444 in Deuteronomy chapter 24 verses 1 to 4, in other words, He says to them, 'Hey, you
dhOBMhG3pQE-00084-00047444-00047966 guys are only looking at Deuteronomy  24:1-4, that talks about some of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00085-00047966-00048548 the reasons for divorce, but you're ignoring Genesis chapter 2 which is the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00086-00048548-00049130 original law or the original teaching, the original principle about marriage.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00087-00049130-00050012 Now Pharisees, they saw marriage and it's dissolution, they saw it in terms of law,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00088-00050012-00050480 after all they were lawyers. When they came up to Him they asked Him the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00089-00050480-00050939 question, 'Is it lawful?' They didn't ask is it moral? Is it right? Is that God's will?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00090-00050939-00051539 They said, 'is it lawful'? So they wanted a kind of a legal definition. So what Jesus
dhOBMhG3pQE-00091-00051539-00052127 does when He answers them is He points them to the original and the basis for
dhOBMhG3pQE-00092-00052127-00052757 teaching concerning marriage and that's Genesis, all the way back, Genesis 2 verse
dhOBMhG3pQE-00093-00052757-00053376 24 where God says, "For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00094-00053376-00054063 and be joined to his wife and they shall become one flesh." And so what does this
dhOBMhG3pQE-00095-00054063-00054669 passage teach about marriage? Well, first of all it teaches that God created it as
dhOBMhG3pQE-00096-00054669-00055557 the perfect union for man and woman. Secondly, He created it as a physical and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00097-00055557-00056041 emotional bond and one that was even stronger than the parental bond, right?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00098-00056041-00056579 OK? I mean a man leaves his father and mother and cleaves to his wife, so the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00099-00056579-00057116 husband and wife bond is stronger than the parental bond and to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00100-00057116-00057657 dissolve such a bond was to go against what God had done and He says that
dhOBMhG3pQE-00101-00057657-00058248 "whatever God joins together, let no man separate," but here's the mistake: Jesus
dhOBMhG3pQE-00102-00058248-00058883 didn't say you couldn't you couldn't break the bond, He said you shouldn't
dhOBMhG3pQE-00103-00058883-00059310 break the bond; in the same way like he says you shouldn't steal, but do people
dhOBMhG3pQE-00104-00059310-00059979 steal? Well, yeah. Thou shalt not murder, that's the command, but do people murder? Is it
dhOBMhG3pQE-00105-00059979-00060363 impossible for them to murder? Well, no. They murder. You shouldn't
dhOBMhG3pQE-00106-00060363-00060833 lie, thou shalt not lie, bear false witness, but do people break that command?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00107-00060833-00061379 Is it possible? Yes. Well when it came to marriage, God said, "whatever God joins
dhOBMhG3pQE-00108-00061379-00061880 together, you should not pull apart, because that
dhOBMhG3pQE-00109-00061880-00062379 will be wrong." He didn't say you couldn't pull it apart, He just said you shouldn't
dhOBMhG3pQE-00110-00062379-00062829 pull it apart. OK? Very important distinction as we go on
dhOBMhG3pQE-00111-00062829-00063530 in our in our study. So having established the basis and the basis is
dhOBMhG3pQE-00112-00063530-00063989 the basis for marriage, there are two scriptures. Genesis 2 that explains what
dhOBMhG3pQE-00113-00063989-00064454 marriage is, man and a woman for life, united together, you should not break
dhOBMhG3pQE-00114-00064454-00064938 that bond, that's God's command, that's Genesis 2. And then Deuteronomy 24:1-4,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00115-00064938-00065441 if there is a divorce, the only justified cause for
dhOBMhG3pQE-00116-00065441-00065916 it is the sexual immorality of one of the partners. So that's what Jesus
dhOBMhG3pQE-00117-00065916-00066460 answers. There's two scriptures here that define marriage, OK, and that
dhOBMhG3pQE-00118-00066460-00066901 mitigate divorce. Alright. So in verses seven and eight, let's
dhOBMhG3pQE-00119-00066901-00067416 keep going. "They," meaning the Pharisees, "They said to Him, 'why then did Moses
dhOBMhG3pQE-00120-00067416-00067908 command to give a certificate of divorce and send her away?' He said to them,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00121-00067908-00068446 'Because of your hardness of heart Moses permitted you to divorce your wives; but
dhOBMhG3pQE-00122-00068446-00068917 from the beginning it has it has not been this way. And I say to you, whoever
dhOBMhG3pQE-00123-00068917-00069464 divorces his wife, except for immorality, and marries another woman commits
dhOBMhG3pQE-00124-00069464-00070354 adultery.'" So the Pharisees assume that Moses commanded or promoted divorce and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00125-00070354-00070810 their understanding of the entire issue is based on that premise. Notice what
dhOBMhG3pQE-00126-00070810-00071452 they said? They say to him, 'well why did Moses command divorce?' Well
dhOBMhG3pQE-00127-00071452-00071959 Moses wasn't promoting divorce, but they're looking at it in that way. The
dhOBMhG3pQE-00128-00071959-00072454 reality of the matter was that Moses never changed the original teaching or
dhOBMhG3pQE-00129-00072454-00073039 the purpose of marriage, Genesis 2:24. He never changed that, but rather he
dhOBMhG3pQE-00130-00073039-00073564 included legislation that mitigated, you know [what] the word mitigate means? It means to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00131-00073564-00074302 reduce, to tamper down. So Moses included legislation that mitigated the evil and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00132-00074302-00074821 the hardship that had occurred through the problems that were created by
dhOBMhG3pQE-00133-00074821-00075622 divorce among the Jewish people. So Genesis 2:24 was spoken when Adam and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00134-00075622-00076309 Eve were without sin. After sin came into the world there also came a degeneration
dhOBMhG3pQE-00135-00076309-00076900 of the relationship in the couple and the family and so what does God do? Well,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00136-00076900-00077536 God establishes a variety of means to maintain and sustain order in a fallen
dhOBMhG3pQE-00137-00077536-00078121 world until Jesus comes back to save. So what does Jesus do? How does He
dhOBMhG3pQE-00138-00078121-00078538 enter human history to try to mitigate some of the evil?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00139-00078538-00079087 Well, the flood because the intent of man's heart was evil continuously. What
dhOBMhG3pQE-00140-00079087-00079492 does that mean? Well if you leave him alone, man's gonna self-destruct, so God
dhOBMhG3pQE-00141-00079492-00079839 enters in human history; the flood, He saves a few,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00142-00079839-00080433 starts over again. Or how about the Tower of Babel when He confused the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00143-00080433-00080910 languages? Once again instead of doing what God said to separate and to spread
dhOBMhG3pQE-00144-00080910-00081252 out and settle the world, the earth, and so on and so forth, what do
dhOBMhG3pQE-00145-00081252-00081630 they do? They do the opposite, they gather in one place, they build a monument, they
dhOBMhG3pQE-00146-00081630-00082239 try to come together so God steps into human history once again and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00147-00082239-00082815 confuses their languages to spread them out. And so and what else does He do? Well,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00148-00082815-00083484 He gives the law to Moses. Why? As a tutor to prepare us for what? Well, for the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00149-00083484-00084069 coming of Jesus. So God enters into human history to try to mitigate the evil
dhOBMhG3pQE-00150-00084069-00084690 that's in the world because of sin. OK. So the legislation
dhOBMhG3pQE-00151-00084690-00085266 concerning divorce was not a change in the principle upon which marriage was
dhOBMhG3pQE-00152-00085266-00085857 based, but rather additional instruction to help deal with the failed marriages
dhOBMhG3pQE-00153-00085857-00086469 that were bound to occur because of sinfulness and Jesus simply expresses
dhOBMhG3pQE-00154-00086469-00087282 this idea in verse 8. Divorce was failure, was sin, and this is how to deal with it.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00155-00087282-00087840 After the sin of Adam divorce was to be part of the world and part of life and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00156-00087840-00088548 the book of Deuteronomy chapter 24 verses 1 to 4 is one way that God deals
dhOBMhG3pQE-00157-00088548-00089256 with it, OK? Alright, so in verse 9 He says, "And I say to you, whoever
dhOBMhG3pQE-00158-00089256-00089724 divorces his wife except for immorality, and marries another woman commits
dhOBMhG3pQE-00159-00089724-00090153 adultery." A little bit of background you have to understand to be able to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00160-00090153-00090690 interpret this correctly. The common practice among Jews, especially the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00161-00090690-00091257 Pharisees, was to find some pretext to send away their wives in order to marry
dhOBMhG3pQE-00162-00091257-00092010 someone else and then claim innocence based on Deuteronomy chapter 24 verses 1
dhOBMhG3pQE-00163-00092010-00092643 to 4 because they would say, 'well I fulfilled the law, I gave her a certificate
dhOBMhG3pQE-00164-00092643-00093432 of divorce. I did everything by the book. I wanted to dispose
dhOBMhG3pQE-00165-00093432-00093996 of my wife, get rid of my wife, sent her away, so I made sure that I wrote a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00166-00093996-00094560 certificate of divorce according to the "law" and I handed it to her and I sent
dhOBMhG3pQE-00167-00094560-00095286 her away. My hands are clean, my heart is innocent. I've not done anything wrong
dhOBMhG3pQE-00168-00095286-00095946 because I've obeyed the "law".' Alright? And then of course according to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00169-00095946-00096390 Deuteronomy 24 they would not reclaim her, in other words you weren't allowed
dhOBMhG3pQE-00170-00096390-00096789 to go back and remarry your wife and they'd say, 'well, I didn't do that
dhOBMhG3pQE-00171-00096789-00097413 either.' OK. So Jesus comes along when they asked Him
dhOBMhG3pQE-00172-00097413-00097881 a question about marriage and divorce, He comes along and He reveals their
dhOBMhG3pQE-00173-00097881-00098619 hypocrisy by applying the principle of Genesis 2:24 to their actions as the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00174-00098619-00099126 moral indicator, not just some sort of twisted view of Deuteronomy 24. Do you
dhOBMhG3pQE-00175-00099126-00099471 understand what He does to the Pharisees? He's saying, 'yeah, yeah, according to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00176-00099471-00099981 Deuteronomy 24, you've kind of twisted that for your own advantage to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00177-00099981-00100470 get rid of your wives,' but then He points out to Genesis 2:24, 'it wasn't always
dhOBMhG3pQE-00178-00100470-00100983 like that, you violated Genesis 2:24.' In other words,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00179-00100983-00101811 what was one, you've broken into two. This is how He nails their hypocrisy. In
dhOBMhG3pQE-00180-00101811-00102434 effect He says, 'if you want to judge how lawful you are, compare your actions to a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00181-00102434-00103056 combined view of Deuteronomy 24 and Genesis 2. If you can pass muster on both
dhOBMhG3pQE-00182-00103056-00103791 of those scriptures, OK, then you have something to not brag about, but a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00183-00103791-00104384 claim to some sort of innocence.' So sending away the one to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00184-00104384-00104919 whom you are joined without proper cause.. and what was proper cause? Jesus answered
dhOBMhG3pQE-00185-00104919-00105714 it. He says except for what? Fornication. Fornication, sexual immorality, some sort
dhOBMhG3pQE-00186-00105714-00106248 of sexual sin. And so who does Jesus agree with as far as the rabbis?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00187-00106248-00106794 Well, He agrees with Rabbi Shammai because remember the original question?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00188-00106794-00107172 They said to Him, 'can we can we divorce for any reason?'
dhOBMhG3pQE-00189-00107172-00107783 So Jesus answers the question. 'No you can't. Sexual immorality.' And other
dhOBMhG3pQE-00190-00107783-00108216 passages of Scripture in the Old Testament bear this out. Numbers chapter
dhOBMhG3pQE-00191-00108216-00109028 5:12, Deuteronomy 22:13, Deuteronomy 24:1-4 and now Matthew 19:9 all
dhOBMhG3pQE-00192-00109028-00109505 treat the subject of divorce and what is a proper cause of divorce and all of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00193-00109505-00110495 these passages say only sexual sin. OK. Now a person can dissolve a marriage, I
dhOBMhG3pQE-00194-00110495-00111404 mean the law permitted this, but to do so without proper reason was adultery, OK.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00195-00111404-00111795 A lot of people teach 'well, you can't divorce,' well that's not a biblical idea.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00196-00111795-00112405 Of course you can divorce, but you can't do it without some sort of guilt,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00197-00112405-00113094 that's the problem. Alright, so there's a debate on this verse, not
dhOBMhG3pQE-00198-00113094-00113405 just in our brotherhood, but a lot of people debate, so let's look at
dhOBMhG3pQE-00199-00113405-00113840 the debate shall we? The two, really two sides. There's a lot of... I've
dhOBMhG3pQE-00200-00113840-00114216 read books that says the seven views of this thing, but there's really only two,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00201-00114216-00115026 really two views. The first view is what's called the adulterous marriage view
dhOBMhG3pQE-00202-00115026-00115659 and the adulterous marriage view says that the adultery, you know when Jesus says, 'if a man puts away his wife
dhOBMhG3pQE-00203-00115659-00116290 except for fornication commits adultery,' right? So one view, the adulteress view,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00204-00116290-00116875 says that the adultery is committed when the person marries again for the second time
dhOBMhG3pQE-00205-00116875-00117897 and they call that second marriage "an adulterous marriage". Now the reason for this is that the verb in the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00206-00117897-00118671 Greek in that passage 'commits adultery' is in, they say, a linear or
dhOBMhG3pQE-00207-00118671-00119346 continuous action mode; so the thinking is this, if you divorce your wife except
dhOBMhG3pQE-00208-00119346-00119622 for cause of adultery and marry somebody else, that second
dhOBMhG3pQE-00209-00119622-00120008 marriage that's an adulterous marriage. Why? Because you keep on committing
dhOBMhG3pQE-00210-00120008-00120830 adultery every time you have sex with your second wife. OK. So that's why
dhOBMhG3pQE-00211-00120830-00121320 the second marriage is an ongoing adultery. Now one thing we need to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00212-00121320-00121920 understand, there is no such term in the Bible as adulterous marriage. Human
dhOBMhG3pQE-00213-00121920-00122342 beings coined that term. You go anywhere in the Bible, you won't see the term
dhOBMhG3pQE-00214-00122342-00123233 adulterous marriage. Now this line of reasoning, OK,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00215-00123233-00123738 requires that those who have divorced without just cause and then remarried
dhOBMhG3pQE-00216-00123738-00124330 must break up their existing marriages and go back to their original spouses or
dhOBMhG3pQE-00217-00124330-00124875 remain celibate for the rest of their lives in order to properly repent of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00218-00124875-00125532 their sin and if they're not already baptized, they have to do that
dhOBMhG3pQE-00219-00125532-00126086 before they will be baptized. I mean I've tried to summarize this argument, but
dhOBMhG3pQE-00220-00126086-00126552 this is pretty much the way the argument goes. So if you're in a second
dhOBMhG3pQE-00221-00126552-00127040 marriage and you want to become a Christian according to this line of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00222-00127040-00127440 thinking, your second marriage is a "adulterous marriage," therefore you have
dhOBMhG3pQE-00223-00127440-00127773 to break up that marriage, go back to original partner, and if that's not
dhOBMhG3pQE-00224-00127773-00128094 possible, you just need to remain celibate for the rest of your life and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00225-00128094-00129158 then you can be baptized, OK? Alright, another point of view, the other point of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00226-00129158-00130044 view is that it is the breaking of the covenant which is adultery. In other
dhOBMhG3pQE-00227-00130044-00130583 words, the adultery is committed when the partner violates the marriage covenant.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00228-00130583-00131094 Now the essence of the idea of adultery is to break a covenant or to violate a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00229-00131094-00131811 promise. We always assume that adultery means sex, but adultery can mean that, but
dhOBMhG3pQE-00230-00131811-00132392 it also means the breaking of some sort of covenant. God says to His people
dhOBMhG3pQE-00231-00132392-00132757 'an adulterous generation.' Why? They had nothing to do with sex.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00232-00132757-00133327 No, it's because they went after other gods, they were unfaithful. So in this
dhOBMhG3pQE-00233-00133327-00134047 instance what Jesus is talking about in Matthew 19, in this instance,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00234-00134047-00134569 it's through sexual infidelity; in other words, the adultery committed, the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00235-00134569-00135340 breaking of the covenant, is done through sexual infidelity. So it's been
dhOBMhG3pQE-00236-00135340-00135814 shown also that the verb in the Greek that commits adultery, because
dhOBMhG3pQE-00237-00135814-00136327 it all boils down many times to grammar, what do the words mean? So it's been
dhOBMhG3pQE-00238-00136327-00136756 shown also that the verb in the Greek 'to commit adultery' is not necessarily a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00239-00136756-00137353 linear denoting a continuous action, but on the contrary according to proper
dhOBMhG3pQE-00240-00137353-00138078 translation should be considered what we call point action or one-time occurrence.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00241-00138078-00138622 Actually the decision on linear or point action actually belongs the way you
dhOBMhG3pQE-00242-00138622-00139342 decide which way it goes is according to context and many, many,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00243-00139342-00139891 many scholars within our brotherhood, within our schools, teach this idea of a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00244-00139891-00140734 one-time action, point action, in this particular passage. When we take these
dhOBMhG3pQE-00245-00140734-00141220 ideas together the conclusion on this verse is that when a person violates his
dhOBMhG3pQE-00246-00141220-00141859 marriage covenant through sexual infidelity that person commits the sin
dhOBMhG3pQE-00247-00141859-00142558 of adultery whether he remarries or not and it's a one-time sin. Let me put it
dhOBMhG3pQE-00248-00142558-00143194 this way, it's like stealing a car, you steal a car, right? And you bring it to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00249-00143194-00143500 your house, you're stealing in Oklahoma and you bring it to your house
dhOBMhG3pQE-00250-00143500-00143992 in Dallas, OK? And the next day you get back into your into the car that you
dhOBMhG3pQE-00251-00143992-00144538 stole and you drive it around. Have you stolen that car a second time? And then
dhOBMhG3pQE-00252-00144538-00145078 the next day you take it and you go to Phoenix, is that the third time you've
dhOBMhG3pQE-00253-00145078-00145495 stolen that car? And then you come back from Phoenix, oh is that four times? In
dhOBMhG3pQE-00254-00145495-00146059 other words do you re-steal the car every single...? Well no. You steal the car once,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00255-00146059-00146352 maybe you have it for a day or a year. You've
dhOBMhG3pQE-00256-00146352-00147177 stolen it one time. One time. One time action, OK?  So if a person divorces in
dhOBMhG3pQE-00257-00147177-00147864 order to marry someone else without proper cause, the sin that they commit in
dhOBMhG3pQE-00258-00147864-00148737 doing that is called adultery. Why? Because they have violated or broken the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00259-00148737-00149313 original marriage covenant. When I'm trying to explain, if I had a blackboard,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00260-00149313-00149746 is that the sin happens when you break the covenant, not when you
dhOBMhG3pQE-00261-00149746-00150258 remarry, that's the point, OK?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00262-00150258-00151110 This thinking is not being "soft" on divorce, on the contrary, this line of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00263-00151111-00151575 reasoning upholds one, the principle of fidelity in marriage because if you're
dhOBMhG3pQE-00264-00151575-00152209 unfaithful in marriage, that's a sin. It condemns any violation of the marriage
dhOBMhG3pQE-00265-00152209-00152952 covenant as adultery, but it does not consider remarriages as the adultery
dhOBMhG3pQE-00266-00152952-00153429 after all listen to what Jesus said, 'if a man puts away his wife except for
dhOBMhG3pQE-00267-00153429-00154191 fornication and marries someone else, he commits adultery.' He didn't say the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00268-00154191-00154696 marriage was, the second marriage was adultery. He's saying if you violate your
dhOBMhG3pQE-00269-00154696-00155173 covenant, if you break the covenant, if you put away your wife for some other
dhOBMhG3pQE-00270-00155173-00155652 reason other than adultery, here's what you've done, you've committed
dhOBMhG3pQE-00271-00155652-00156753 adultery. Jesus never used the term 'adulterous marriages.' So repentance,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00272-00156753-00157060 someone will say, 'well what about repentance?' Well repentance from this
dhOBMhG3pQE-00273-00157060-00157551 perspective means what? Well, A) you recognize the violation, what have I done?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00274-00157551-00158221 I've broken my covenant. I've committed adultery. And what do I do about it?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00275-00158221-00158571 I ask God for forgiveness and then what do I do about it?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00276-00158571-00159250 Well, I never do that again. And the things that led to that, what are
dhOBMhG3pQE-00277-00159250-00159488 the things that may have led to that? Selfishness, self-
dhOBMhG3pQE-00278-00159488-00159893 centeredness, perhaps lust, and allowing lust to grow in your heart, and so on and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00279-00159893-00160370 so forth, maybe you start working on that so that the marriage that you're in, that
dhOBMhG3pQE-00280-00160370-00160951 one you succeed at. Alright, let's look at some other things here, OK?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00281-00160951-00161573 Verse ten, in the same passage. So. "The disciples said to Him, 'If the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00282-00161573-00162140 relationship of the man with his wife is like this, it's better not to marry.'" So
dhOBMhG3pQE-00283-00162140-00162602 the disciples of course influenced by the lax divorce laws of the time,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00284-00162602-00163217 they're dismayed. I mean if the only reason a man has of discharging his wife
dhOBMhG3pQE-00285-00163217-00164038 is her fornication, which was a remote possibility in that day and age, OK,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00286-00164038-00164792 then it's probably better not to marry. I mean listen to what they said.How far
dhOBMhG3pQE-00287-00164792-00165433 away they are from God's original ideal of husband and wife as partners in life,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00288-00165433-00165956 transparent and sharing and mutual giving and physical and the emotional
dhOBMhG3pQE-00289-00165956-00166295 realm. Jesus has done more for the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00290-00166295-00166817 elevation of women to their proper place and function at man's side than any
dhOBMhG3pQE-00291-00166817-00167434 other single person in history. So let's go to verse 11, he said, "But He said to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00292-00167434-00167846 them, 'Not all men can accept this statement, but only those to whom it has
dhOBMhG3pQE-00293-00167846-00168299 been given.'" So Jesus tells them that not everybody can accept the saying
dhOBMhG3pQE-00294-00168299-00168988 that it's better not to get married. They assume celibacy is the way to go if you
dhOBMhG3pQE-00295-00168989-00169535 are to remain faithful, but Jesus tells them that not everybody can manage
dhOBMhG3pQE-00296-00169535-00170051 celibacy. So let's read in verse 12. He says, "For there are eunuchs who were born
dhOBMhG3pQE-00297-00170051-00170362 that way from their mother's womb; and there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs
dhOBMhG3pQE-00298-00170362-00170744 by men; and they're also eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs for the sake of the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00299-00170744-00171254 kingdom of heaven. He who was able to accept this, let him accept it." So Jesus
dhOBMhG3pQE-00300-00171254-00171809 reviews the causes where celibacy actually occurs. Some people are like
dhOBMhG3pQE-00301-00171809-00172513 that genetically so, they're born that way, they have no sexual desire. OK.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00302-00172513-00172999 I know people, I know a man, I'm not mentioning, but I know a brother
dhOBMhG3pQE-00303-00172999-00173660 in the church, never married, he never married, never had a girlfriend, he's not
dhOBMhG3pQE-00304-00173660-00174122 gay, he's a "heterosexual" and I
dhOBMhG3pQE-00305-00174122-00174502 remember talking with him and saying, "hey, you know you're in your thirties,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00306-00174502-00174758 you're late thirties, you ever think of marriage blah blah blah..." He says, "you know,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00307-00174758-00175333 I just don't have any need to be married. I don't have the need for a female
dhOBMhG3pQE-00308-00175333-00175847 partner. I have no desire actually. I'm quite happy and content. I
dhOBMhG3pQE-00309-00175847-00176230 have my work, I have my studies, I have this. I travel, I do this and that, my
dhOBMhG3pQE-00310-00176230-00176633 service to the church," he said, "gives me a lot of time to be as you know to serve
dhOBMhG3pQE-00311-00176633-00177067 in the church, I teach, I do this and that, so and so forth," he said, "I'm
dhOBMhG3pQE-00312-00177067-00177499 good. God has blessed me in such a way that I'm not burning in lust.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00313-00177499-00178066 I'm not lonely. I'm just, I'm a very happy and content person in the Lord without
dhOBMhG3pQE-00314-00178066-00178549 being married." Well, he's a eunuch. He was born that way and he's kind of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00315-00178549-00179108 converted that lifestyle into a way of serving the Lord, exactly as Paul says
dhOBMhG3pQE-00316-00179108-00179602 you should do if you don't marry. And then he says there's some that are made
dhOBMhG3pQE-00317-00179602-00180110 that way, they're castrated, right? That was a popular thing to do in those days,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00318-00180110-00180569 especially for people who became high officials to the king, they would
dhOBMhG3pQE-00319-00180569-00180995 castrate these people; the eunuch for example, he was a high official
dhOBMhG3pQE-00320-00180995-00181438 to the royal court so that he would not take over the harem and so on and so
dhOBMhG3pQE-00321-00181438-00181898 forth, mount a challenge to the king. They would be castrated, alright. The
dhOBMhG3pQE-00322-00181898-00182551 jailer, Joseph's, Potiphar many believed that he was also a eunuch. And then some
dhOBMhG3pQE-00323-00182551-00182984 of them exercise self-control in order to serve in the kingdom exclusively and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00324-00182984-00183541 Paul says this is a gift given from God in 1st Corinthians 7. So it's not
dhOBMhG3pQE-00325-00183541-00183944 compulsory since apostles were all married, Paul
dhOBMhG3pQE-00326-00183944-00184504 encouraged people to marry in 1st Corinthians and only those who are
dhOBMhG3pQE-00327-00184504-00185275 able should remain single. So in Matthew 19 Jesus combines Genesis
dhOBMhG3pQE-00328-00185275-00185776 1 and Genesis 2 rather and Deuteronomy 24 to present the complete
dhOBMhG3pQE-00329-00185776-00186174 will of God concerning marriage and divorce, OK?
dhOBMhG3pQE-00330-00186174-00186791 So marriage comes from God and the marriage bond is sacred and not to be
dhOBMhG3pQE-00331-00186791-00187419 broken by man, that's the basis, it can be broken by man, but it must not be broken
dhOBMhG3pQE-00332-00187419-00188145 by man, alright. And then if marriage is dissolved for improper cause, in other
dhOBMhG3pQE-00333-00188145-00188775 words, other than sexual immorality and a person remarries, what's the sin that
dhOBMhG3pQE-00334-00188775-00189258 they've just committed? Well it's called adultery, and why is it adultery? Because
dhOBMhG3pQE-00335-00189258-00190050 you violated the covenant of marriage in some way. In some way. I mean I've known
dhOBMhG3pQE-00336-00190050-00190461 marriages where there was no sexual immorality, but the divorce happened
dhOBMhG3pQE-00337-00190461-00191133 anyway. Why? Why? They just they didn't get along, maybe there was alcohol involved
dhOBMhG3pQE-00338-00191133-00191542 or drugs or you know what I'm saying, it wasn't a sexual sin, but some sin
dhOBMhG3pQE-00339-00191542-00191871 eventually led to the breakup of the relationship.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00340-00191871-00192495 Well, that's breaking the covenant without a proper reason because the only
dhOBMhG3pQE-00341-00192495-00192975 reason Jesus says to be able to break the covenant and say, 'I'm innocent,' is
dhOBMhG3pQE-00342-00192975-00193647 because the partner has committed sexual immorality. Breaking the marriage for any
dhOBMhG3pQE-00343-00193647-00194346 other reason is adultery, because you're not allowed to break apart what God has
dhOBMhG3pQE-00344-00194346-00194891 put together. Alright, now in Matthew 5, and I want you to stay with me, I may go
dhOBMhG3pQE-00345-00194891-00195329 just a little long tonight, just so much stuff here. Matthew 5:32, a comparable
dhOBMhG3pQE-00346-00195329-00195888 passage, it says here, Jesus says, "I say to you that everyone who divorces his wife,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00347-00195888-00196374 except for the reason of unchastity," same idea, a different word, "makes her
dhOBMhG3pQE-00348-00196374-00196971 commit adultery; and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery." That's a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00349-00196971-00197414 complicated passage because we don't know how to get our heads around that. So
dhOBMhG3pQE-00350-00197414-00198132 the same issue is addressed previously by Jesus except in this passage He
dhOBMhG3pQE-00351-00198132-00198747 includes another Old Testament scripture, that's Exodus chapter 20 verse 14, which
dhOBMhG3pQE-00352-00198747-00199280 is "you shall not commit adultery."  The commandment forbidding adultery as
dhOBMhG3pQE-00353-00199280-00199698 well as Deuteronomy 24 which was the legislation on divorce in
dhOBMhG3pQE-00354-00199698-00200151 relationship to what God wants in marriage, OK, so this passage in His
dhOBMhG3pQE-00355-00200151-00200589 Sermon on the Mount, because Matthew five, the Sermon on the Mount, is describing
dhOBMhG3pQE-00356-00200589-00201087 the conduct and character of those within the kingdom. So now the difference
dhOBMhG3pQE-00357-00201087-00201421 between this section and the one in Matthew, what's the difference between
dhOBMhG3pQE-00358-00201421-00202057 Matthew 5 and Matthew 19? It's that here Jesus describes the nature of the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00359-00202057-00202715 trespass or the offense against the innocent spouse and that person's future
dhOBMhG3pQE-00360-00202715-00203337 relationships, in other words, the Jews felt that all obligation to their spouse
dhOBMhG3pQE-00361-00203337-00203751 were over if they obtained a legal document and just gave it to her.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00362-00203751-00204204 They believed that in providing the legal formality their conscience in the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00363-00204204-00204654 matter was clear. So Jesus demonstrates that the one who
dhOBMhG3pQE-00364-00204654-00205179 divorced without proper cause in that day and time, another sin that they
dhOBMhG3pQE-00365-00205179-00206256 committed was they caused their innocent partner's shame. In Matthew 19 Jesus
dhOBMhG3pQE-00366-00206256-00206967 talks about the guilty party, in Matthew 5 the one we've just read, He talks about
dhOBMhG3pQE-00367-00206967-00207492 the innocent party. So Matthew 19 He says, 'if you divorce your wife other than for
dhOBMhG3pQE-00368-00207492-00207966 sexual sin and marry again you've committed adultery, you're guilty, boom.' In
dhOBMhG3pQE-00369-00207966-00208287 Matthew five, He's not talking about the guilty party, He's talking about the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00370-00208287-00208932 victim. So here we have to examine grammar again in order to get the exact
dhOBMhG3pQE-00371-00208932-00209610 meaning. The Greek word translated 'makes her commit adultery,' that should be
dhOBMhG3pQE-00372-00209610-00210127 translated in the passive tense to bring out what Jesus is trying to say about a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00373-00210127-00210930 man who divorces his innocent wife. It would be clearer in the passive tense so
dhOBMhG3pQE-00374-00210930-00211519 that it would say 'a man who puts away his innocent wife stigmatizes her as
dhOBMhG3pQE-00375-00211519-00212271 being adulterous.' See what I'm saying? So if we use the active tense then the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00376-00212271-00212721 innocent wife becomes guilty of adultery and that doesn't make any sense.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00377-00212721-00213648 Listen, whoever puts away his wife OK, she becomes guilty of adultery? How did
dhOBMhG3pQE-00378-00213648-00214094 that, how does that happen? He's the one that committed the adultery, how
dhOBMhG3pQE-00379-00214094-00214535 does the innocent victim also become guilty of adultery? Well, it becomes
dhOBMhG3pQE-00380-00214535-00215139 guilty of adultery if you translate this in the active tense, but if you translate
dhOBMhG3pQE-00381-00215139-00215844 it in the passive tense, OK, then she is the victim of adultery which makes a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00382-00215844-00216473 whole lot more sense in context. It's not that this woman did anything wrong, but
dhOBMhG3pQE-00383-00216473-00217002 by virtue of her dismissal she now is seen as being an adulterous person by
dhOBMhG3pQE-00384-00217002-00217566 her society, so this happens to her because the only good reason for her
dhOBMhG3pQE-00385-00217566-00217919 being put away in the first place is sexual immorality. You know everybody's
dhOBMhG3pQE-00386-00217919-00218304 saying, 'oh, you got divorced, there must be something wrong with you, you must have
dhOBMhG3pQE-00387-00218304-00218994 done something bad for your husband to put you away.' So if she was innocent and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00388-00218994-00219576 divorced anyways, she would be considered as such and so would anyone else who
dhOBMhG3pQE-00389-00219576-00220065 would legally marry her in the future. So listen to the sin that these hypocrites
dhOBMhG3pQE-00390-00220065-00220473 do; they put their innocent wives away for no good reason,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00391-00220473-00220938 give her a certificate of divorce, and then go on and marry somebody else or
dhOBMhG3pQE-00392-00220938-00221396 get somebody else. In the meantime, this poor woman here is considered an
dhOBMhG3pQE-00393-00221396-00221958 adulteress by society and if she marries again, which is the only way she can
dhOBMhG3pQE-00394-00221958-00222296 support herself,  the only life that she has is being
dhOBMhG3pQE-00395-00222296-00223008 married to a person, so whoever marries her is also stigmatized as an adulterer.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00396-00223008-00223460 So Jesus is saying to the guilty party, 'you're not only guilty of adultery
dhOBMhG3pQE-00397-00223460-00224055 because you broke the covenant, you're also guilty of putting your wife to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00398-00224055-00224534 shame and also putting anyone else that she would marry in the future to shame
dhOBMhG3pQE-00399-00224534-00225467 as well. All of this, this is on you. This is on you.' So for people in that society
dhOBMhG3pQE-00400-00225467-00225942 who were righteous and moral, a divorced woman was automatically considered to be
dhOBMhG3pQE-00401-00225942-00226248 adulteress and it's the shameful condition that
dhOBMhG3pQE-00402-00226248-00226823 Jesus is referring to here falsely created by a wrongful divorce.So in
dhOBMhG3pQE-00403-00226823-00227333 translating we can use the active or the passive tense, but in using the active
dhOBMhG3pQE-00404-00227333-00227780 tense what we do is we heap more guilt and suffering on the innocent party and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00405-00227780-00228276 you know what? That's bad Bible study and that's not good theology and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00406-00228276-00228854 that does not square with the gospel. So to say that the innocent partners are
dhOBMhG3pQE-00407-00228854-00229377 guilty or automatically forced into celibacy or adultery, this is not keeping
dhOBMhG3pQE-00408-00229377-00229917 with Jesus' other teachings on grace and forgiveness. Imagine, imagine the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00409-00229917-00230391 victim becomes shamed, and publicly, and has the choice of being shamed for the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00410-00230391-00231027 rest of their life or living a celibate life, really? Doesn't sound like the good
dhOBMhG3pQE-00411-00231027-00231632 news to me. So Jesus in this passage wants to draw out the extent of the sin
dhOBMhG3pQE-00412-00231632-00232132 and the responsibility of the one who was sending away his wife without cause.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00413-00232132-00232985 So Matthew 5:32, OK, what He does is He shows the offense against his partner in
dhOBMhG3pQE-00414-00232985-00233498 causing her public shame and the offense against her future husband in causing
dhOBMhG3pQE-00415-00233498-00234138 him public shame, that's what He's talking about in 5:32. In Matthew 19, He
dhOBMhG3pQE-00416-00234138-00234744 shows the hypocrisy of using only Deuteronomy 24 to judge morality of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00417-00234744-00235307 their actions without considering Genesis chapter 2. In other words, they're
dhOBMhG3pQE-00418-00235307-00235623 only looking at it from a legal perspective, they're not looking at what
dhOBMhG3pQE-00419-00235623-00236021 God has said about marriage. And secondly, the only legitimate cause for divorce
dhOBMhG3pQE-00420-00236021-00236567 according to the law was fornication and to put away a partner for other reasons,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00421-00236567-00237233 this was another wrong. It was called adultery. OK, one last thing, in Luke
dhOBMhG3pQE-00422-00237233-00237719 chapter 16 verse 18, Jesus says, "Everyone who divorces his wife and marries
dhOBMhG3pQE-00423-00237719-00238085 another commits adultery, and he who marries one who is divorced from a
dhOBMhG3pQE-00424-00238085-00238716 husband commits adultery." So here Jesus is not legislating on divorce or
dhOBMhG3pQE-00425-00238716-00239360 remarriage, He's already explained that in Matthew 5 and in Matthew 19
dhOBMhG3pQE-00426-00239360-00239810 and He's explained that Matthew's [marriage's] for life, sexual sin is the only legitimate
dhOBMhG3pQE-00427-00239810-00240305 cause for divorce provided by the law, and to divorce without cause does two
dhOBMhG3pQE-00428-00240305-00240771 things; one, it makes one guilty of adultery, and two, it makes one guilty of
dhOBMhG3pQE-00429-00240771-00241501 bringing shame on the innocent party and their future partners, OK. In Luke 16,
dhOBMhG3pQE-00430-00241501-00242094 Jesus hurls an accusation against the Pharisees who were scoffing at Him by
dhOBMhG3pQE-00431-00242094-00242531 charging them with adultery in their careless divorcing and remarrying for
dhOBMhG3pQE-00432-00242531-00242903 any reason, a claim which they were guilty; in other words, they were
dhOBMhG3pQE-00433-00242903-00243513 attacking Him at this time here in Luke 16, they were attacking Him and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00434-00243513-00243966 the way He responded was simply He showed them how most of them were guilty
dhOBMhG3pQE-00435-00243966-00244496 in their thinking and their practice of the marriage and divorce in their time.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00436-00244496-00245204 So if Jesus was explaining rules for marriage and divorce and
dhOBMhG3pQE-00437-00245204-00245705 remarriage here, He'd be contradicting the law in His own teaching elsewhere, so
dhOBMhG3pQE-00438-00245705-00246260 He's talking to the Pharisees. What He is reinforcing however is that covenant
dhOBMhG3pQE-00439-00246260-00246950 breaking is what constitutes adultery. OK, one last thing. In Mark chapter 10
dhOBMhG3pQE-00440-00246950-00247496 verses 1 to 12, this is another passage that deals with this subject, I'm not
dhOBMhG3pQE-00441-00247496-00247907 going to read it because it covers the same ground as the other passages we've
dhOBMhG3pQE-00442-00247907-00248384 done tonight, but it does include the mention of a wife putting away her
dhOBMhG3pQE-00443-00248384-00248844 husband and since that wasn't possible in Jewish society we're thinking that
dhOBMhG3pQE-00444-00248844-00249321 Mark put that in there because his gospel was probably read a lot by
dhOBMhG3pQE-00445-00249321-00249731 Gentiles and that was happening in Gentile society. Now as for other
dhOBMhG3pQE-00446-00249731-00250089 passages in the New Testament that deal with the issues of marriage and divorce
dhOBMhG3pQE-00447-00250089-00250644 and remarriage, Paul the apostle devotes an entire chapter of his first
dhOBMhG3pQE-00448-00250644-00251174 epistle to the Corinthians to this particular subject. I'm not going to do
dhOBMhG3pQE-00449-00251174-00251552 ***that in this lesson here, but if you're interested in what Paul adds to this
dhOBMhG3pQE-00450-00251552-00252044 discussion, then I encourage you to look at lesson number 4 entitled, "Keeping the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00451-00252044-00252554 Lock in Wedlock," and that's in our First Corinthians series and that of course is
dhOBMhG3pQE-00452-00252554-00253155 available on the Bibletalk.TV website. OK, next time we get together
dhOBMhG3pQE-00453-00253155-00254206 we'll do narrative number five. We've chosen the subject tonight to talk about
dhOBMhG3pQE-00454-00254206-00254590 marriage and divorce because there's so much discussion and debate on it. I would
dhOBMhG3pQE-00455-00254590-00255046 encourage you to read the rest of the discourse. Next time we're going to
dhOBMhG3pQE-00456-00255046-00255642 be in Matthew 23, we're almost done, we're coming to the end of this series.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00457-00255642-00256021 OK I hope that's given you some more information about these very difficult
dhOBMhG3pQE-00458-00256021-00256507 passages. This passage here and what we're going to do next time about the
dhOBMhG3pQE-00459-00256507-00257092 the end of Jerusalem, 70 AD, the end of the world, when Jesus will
dhOBMhG3pQE-00460-00257092-00257542 return, pretty complex passages, but hopefully we've shed some light on it.
dhOBMhG3pQE-00461-00257542-00257861 Alright, thank you very much.
dihcNU3HnPu-00000-00060096-00060470 Sadhguru: Namaskaram to everyone, wherever you are.
dihcNU3HnPu-00001-00060470-00061278 So, I.... I hope you've been keeping well this one week.
dihcNU3HnPu-00002-00061278-00061990 Because everybody's these days, the only news on the news channels is only virus,
dihcNU3HnPu-00003-00061990-00062320 all conversations in the world are only virus.
dihcNU3HnPu-00004-00062320-00062932 Social media is full of virus.
dihcNU3HnPu-00005-00062932-00063305 So I thought I'll talk about the human being a little bit.
dihcNU3HnPu-00006-00063305-00063872 So a little poem for you. It's called human.
dihcNU3HnPu-00007-00063872-00064044 Even when at home
dihcNU3HnPu-00008-00064044-00064316 I longed for home
dihcNU3HnPu-00009-00064316-00064528 Even when at home
dihcNU3HnPu-00010-00064528-00064790 I longed for home
dihcNU3HnPu-00011-00064790-00065126 Searing pain of longing for Home
dihcNU3HnPu-00012-00065126-00065550 strangely got cured in being Homeless
dihcNU3HnPu-00013-00065550-00065900 Searing pain of longing for Home
dihcNU3HnPu-00014-00065900-00066246 Strangely got cured in being Homeless
dihcNU3HnPu-00015-00066246-00066498 When the walls of home dissolved
dihcNU3HnPu-00016-00066498-00066786 A Pristine Home unwalled
dihcNU3HnPu-00017-00066786-00067088 unfettered and devoid of love
dihcNU3HnPu-00018-00067088-00067426 affection or companions blossomed.
dihcNU3HnPu-00019-00067426-00068272 Shall I call it My Being.
dihcNU3HnPu-00020-00068644-00069598 If I didn't read it well it's up there for you.
dihcNU3HnPu-00021-00069598-00071886 Well, as per the plan in India, we are supposed to end the lockdown by 17th of this month.
dihcNU3HnPu-00022-00071886-00072174 Just a week away.
dihcNU3HnPu-00023-00072174-00073182 Already UK has extended it till 31st of May, or 1st of June.
dihcNU3HnPu-00024-00073182-00074008 United States, of course, people are fighting for freedom.
dihcNU3HnPu-00025-00074008-00074424 Freedom to have a haircut!
dihcNU3HnPu-00026-00074424-00074916 And in India we tried relaxing a little bit.
dihcNU3HnPu-00027-00074916-00075804 People are fighting for freedom to get drunk.
dihcNU3HnPu-00028-00075804-00076696 There were some hopes, because certain scientific studies,
dihcNU3HnPu-00029-00076696-00077408 we can say it's a study, and also more of a kind of a scientific theory,
dihcNU3HnPu-00030-00077408-00077996 which talks about ahnak gene or genome,
dihcNU3HnPu-00031-00077996-00078756 which could have played a profound influence on the growth of our brain
dihcNU3HnPu-00032-00078756-00079754 and the development of who we are today, many million years ago, was largely instigated by a virus.
dihcNU3HnPu-00033-00079754-00080194 But looking at the human behaviour with partial relaxation,
dihcNU3HnPu-00034-00080194-00080742 this virus doesn't seem to have worked like that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00035-00080742-00081166 With a burst of new intelligence it's not happened.
dihcNU3HnPu-00036-00081166-00082590 Hopefully, the virus will mutate itself into that kind of a virus that a higher level of brain power happens.
dihcNU3HnPu-00037-00082590-00083172 Well, it is also noted that in the development of mammals,
dihcNU3HnPu-00038-00083172-00084056 who are right now categorized as the highest level of evolution, on the planet;
dihcNU3HnPu-00039-00084056-00085106 development and evolution of ability to produce placenta is believed that it's the virus,
dihcNU3HnPu-00040-00085106-00085580 some hundred-million years ago which could have instigated this process
dihcNU3HnPu-00041-00085580-00086066 within very primitive mammals which existed at that time.
dihcNU3HnPu-00042-00086066-00087028 This is the basis of nutrients passing from mother to child, and hence a-full-grown child being,
dihcNU3HnPu-00043-00087028-00087546 no, not full grown in that sense but a full formed child being delivered,
dihcNU3HnPu-00044-00087546-00088280 whether it is a... it is a human being or a cow or a dog or all these mammals,
dihcNU3HnPu-00045-00088280-00088658 has become possible mainly because of development of placenta.
dihcNU3HnPu-00046-00088658-00089448 And that could have been instigated or has been instigated by some virus hundred-million years ago.
dihcNU3HnPu-00047-00089448-00090186 So you don't know what treasures this virus is holding for you.
dihcNU3HnPu-00048-00090186-00090948 Maybe your brain will develop or something else will happen maybe you'll grow a horn
dihcNU3HnPu-00049-00090948-00091388 because people are killing rhinoceros for a single horn.
dihcNU3HnPu-00050-00091388-00091668 Single horn! Not even two.
dihcNU3HnPu-00051-00091668-00092456 So, if you grow your own horn maybe the rhinoceros will have a party.
dihcNU3HnPu-00052-00092456-00093056 In some way we don't know what advantages will come out of it but right now...
dihcNU3HnPu-00053-00093354-00093670 This happened.
dihcNU3HnPu-00054-00093670-00094304 Shankaran Pillai went to Mumbai, because he got a job there not now, pre-virus.
dihcNU3HnPu-00055-00094304-00094568 Before the virus era.
dihcNU3HnPu-00056-00094568-00095436 And he got a job, he was working, but he had no place to stay. He is looking for an apartment.
dihcNU3HnPu-00057-00095436-00095864 He just wants a one-bedroom apartment somewhere.
dihcNU3HnPu-00058-00095864-00096640 Entire evenings into late night and early mornings, every day he went from place to place, place to place,
dihcNU3HnPu-00059-00096640-00096928 wanting to find an apartment.
dihcNU3HnPu-00060-00096928-00097388 It is not those days that you could type it out and somebody will deliver an apartment,
dihcNU3HnPu-00061-00097388-00097826 you have to go physically looking for them.
dihcNU3HnPu-00062-00097826-00098230 After a month of search, no apartment.
dihcNU3HnPu-00063-00098230-00098602 Because he was sleeping on the beach, because there was no other place.
dihcNU3HnPu-00064-00098602-00098916 Early morning he was walking on the beach.
dihcNU3HnPu-00065-00098916-00099522 And he saw a small vessel lying on the sand.
dihcNU3HnPu-00066-00099522-00100538 He picked it up and just rubbed it with his hand, lo!, a genie popped out.
dihcNU3HnPu-00067-00100538-00101178 Then,Shankaran Pillai said, "Oh a Genie! you've come.
dihcNU3HnPu-00068-00101178-00101552 Please get me an apartment in Mumbai."
dihcNU3HnPu-00069-00101552-00102066 The genie said, "You bloody fool. If I could find an apartment for you,
dihcNU3HnPu-00070-00102066-00103044 Would I be living in this tiny little vessel."
dihcNU3HnPu-00071-00103044-00103724 So those of you who are looking for a magic wand, way out of the virus situation.
dihcNU3HnPu-00072-00103724-00104076 There is no magic wand.
dihcNU3HnPu-00073-00104076-00104759 Veryconscientious, responsible steps are needed;
dihcNU3HnPu-00074-00104759-00105535 from individuals, from businesses, from the state, from the world; this is what is needed.
dihcNU3HnPu-00075-00105535-00105902 One good thing or one thing that has happened.
dihcNU3HnPu-00076-00105902-00106622 I'm taking back the word good, because many will fight with me.
dihcNU3HnPu-00077-00106622-00107600 One thing that's happened is, all the places of prayers have been shut down.
dihcNU3HnPu-00078-00107600-00108266 And many religious leaders are super insecure right now.
dihcNU3HnPu-00079-00108266-00109620 Because if people learn to live without God and pretty well, this is going to be dangerous.
dihcNU3HnPu-00080-00109620-00110472 This will be destruction of a major industry.
dihcNU3HnPu-00081-00110472-00111342 Six weeks, if you can live without seeing your God, without communicating with him,
dihcNU3HnPu-00082-00111342-00111811 without asking for this or that, or even daily bread.
dihcNU3HnPu-00083-00111811-00112522 If it still happened, then you may get confidence to walk on your own, you know.
dihcNU3HnPu-00084-00112522-00112783 Very dangerous for the industry.
dihcNU3HnPu-00085-00112783-00113144 It's a major industry, you can't let it die like that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00086-00113144-00113392 But all these things are happening.
dihcNU3HnPu-00087-00113392-00114094 As you... Many of you may not know, because only probably in close circles I have spoken about this.
dihcNU3HnPu-00088-00114094-00114492 This is a movement from religion to responsibility.
dihcNU3HnPu-00089-00114492-00115582 Essentially what it means is, people have been living here with responsibilities somewhere way up in the sky.
dihcNU3HnPu-00090-00115582-00115944 We don't know where!
dihcNU3HnPu-00091-00115944-00116764 It's time, human responsibility moves here (Referring to Oneself). Not somewhere else!
dihcNU3HnPu-00092-00116764-00117276 So I think this virus in some way is assisting our movement
dihcNU3HnPu-00093-00117276-00118418 of moving humanity from religion to responsibility.
dihcNU3HnPu-00094-00118418-00119268 If religion is propagating some aspects of spiritual process for individual people, that is fine,
dihcNU3HnPu-00095-00119268-00119758 because every religion at some point started as a spiritual movement,
dihcNU3HnPu-00096-00119758-00121020 and then got organized, organized, organized, got super organized and it became something else altogether.
dihcNU3HnPu-00097-00121020-00121509 So I'm sure in every religion, there are elements of spiritual process.
dihcNU3HnPu-00098-00121509-00121874 If those things are brought out it's fine.
dihcNU3HnPu-00099-00121874-00122440 But this daily bothering of God which you call as prayer.
dihcNU3HnPu-00100-00122440-00123280 This daily self-appointed advisory to God what he should do today.
dihcNU3HnPu-00101-00123280-00124006 Of all the people, I think God should be the happiest with virus.
dihcNU3HnPu-00102-00124006-00124616 Because six weeks, nobody to bother him, you know.
dihcNU3HnPu-00103-00124616-00125261 Never it's happened in a long time, not in 2000 years or so.
dihcNU3HnPu-00104-00125261-00126111 So, there are many pluses; if you are on the side of the Creator, you also have lots of pluses.
dihcNU3HnPu-00105-00126111-00127068 Only thing is we may have to learn to live with little less, which I think is wonderful if all of us learn to do that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00106-00127068-00127450 Yes, all of you! I'm telling you, you must all learn to...
dihcNU3HnPu-00107-00127450-00127766 Don't wait for the economy to go down and this and that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00108-00127766-00128233 Everybody just look at how you can reduce your consumption by twenty-five percent,
dihcNU3HnPu-00109-00128233-00128746 whatever you're consuming;
dihcNU3HnPu-00110-00128746-00130024 electricity, water, clothing, anything, and anything that you're doing twenty-five percent less, food also.
dihcNU3HnPu-00111-00130024-00130685 Believe me, if you do a few things with yourself, little bit of sadhana within you,
dihcNU3HnPu-00112-00130685-00131504 you will become a very energy-efficient machine that is with much less fuel will function much better.
dihcNU3HnPu-00113-00131504-00131882 That's what every technology in the world is trying to do right now.
dihcNU3HnPu-00114-00131882-00132358 But all these technologies are being created by this (Referring to Oneself) technology,
dihcNU3HnPu-00115-00132358-00132748 this piece of technology which we call as human being.
dihcNU3HnPu-00116-00132748-00133466 If this is not energy efficient other machines becoming energy efficient one day,
dihcNU3HnPu-00117-00133466-00133966 your car may turn around and say, "You idiot! Why are you driving me?"
dihcNU3HnPu-00118-00133966-00134468 That's why already self-driving machines are coming.
dihcNU3HnPu-00119-00134468-00135132 Because, in the next ten, fifteen years cars believe we can drive better than human beings.
dihcNU3HnPu-00120-00135132-00135802 I don't want to be around on that day.
dihcNU3HnPu-00121-00135802-00136586 So, the virus has many possibilities.
dihcNU3HnPu-00122-00136586-00137196 If you reduce all the consumption that you're making in your life twenty-five percent less,
dihcNU3HnPu-00123-00137196-00137638 your brains will work very well.
dihcNU3HnPu-00124-00137638-00138228 See, it's also there in the scientific studies that some millions of years ago,
dihcNU3HnPu-00125-00138228-00138808 human brain started working because of this, arc genome or whatever.
dihcNU3HnPu-00126-00138808-00139550 So whether the genome comes or not, you spark, don't wait for the arc.
dihcNU3HnPu-00127-00139550-00140748 You must spark to see that now, this virus, a bloody little thing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00128-00140748-00141152 The world has... you know this happened.
dihcNU3HnPu-00129-00141152-00141676 Many years ago there was a wise man in Coimbatore city.
dihcNU3HnPu-00130-00141676-00142024 When people were simply attacking us for nothing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00131-00142024-00142682 They were talking about coming in truckloads and ripping our ashram down, Yoga Center down.
dihcNU3HnPu-00132-00142682-00143162 It was easy to do that because we were just one big hut.
dihcNU3HnPu-00133-00143162-00143838 We were just a thatched roof hut so people planning, "Come we will go there and rip it down!" Why?
dihcNU3HnPu-00134-00143838-00145102 I think even they did not know, but because they thought, "This arrogance of religion to responsibility."
dihcNU3HnPu-00135-00145102-00145452 It's the worst kind of arrogance that they can think of.
dihcNU3HnPu-00136-00145452-00146096 Because of that, suddenly, people were sparking up in Coimbatore wanting to do their own thing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00137-00146096-00146328 So they said, "What is this?
dihcNU3HnPu-00138-00146328-00146804 Everybody is becoming free, we can't let this happen!"
dihcNU3HnPu-00139-00146804-00147226 So when they were saying that there was a wise old man who said,
dihcNU3HnPu-00140-00147226-00148408 "Don't throw stones at this man, you don't know who he is. If you throw stones he will build something out of it!"
dihcNU3HnPu-00141-00148408-00149384 You, you see all the stone work?
dihcNU3HnPu-00142-00149384-00149852 I don't think any one modern building, when I say modern,
dihcNU3HnPu-00143-00149852-00150536 that's been built in 21st century has this much stone, because lot of people have been throwing stones at us
dihcNU3HnPu-00144-00150536-00151072 so we thought we should make it all stone.
dihcNU3HnPu-00145-00151072-00151488 Now they're throwing virus at me, the world is throwing virus at me.
dihcNU3HnPu-00146-00151488-00152508 I've decided we'll go viral.
dihcNU3HnPu-00147-00152508-00153158 So, there is a whole strategic thinking and action and various things going on,
dihcNU3HnPu-00148-00153158-00153394 I want all of you to be a part of it.
dihcNU3HnPu-00149-00153394-00153794 One thing we will do.
dihcNU3HnPu-00150-00153794-00154610 Everybody's telling me "Don't tell them so soon Sadhguru, they will die of anticipation" and all that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00151-00154610-00154932 I thought I'll tell you because it's come.
dihcNU3HnPu-00152-00154932-00156078 So, we will launch a simple but powerful program, where
dihcNU3HnPu-00153-00156078-00156602 - Forty Days With Sadhguru, online.
dihcNU3HnPu-00154-00156602-00156980 Don't clap, online!
dihcNU3HnPu-00155-00156980-00157496 That is twenty-four hours of the day, Sadhguru will wake you up, Sadhguru will walk you through the day,
dihcNU3HnPu-00156-00157496-00158106 Sadhguru will put you to sleep and stay with you during your sleep and wake you up again in the morning.
dihcNU3HnPu-00157-00158106-00158312 We're evolving this program.
dihcNU3HnPu-00158-00158312-00158790 We will launch this for the Yoga Day on 21st of June.
dihcNU3HnPu-00159-00158790-00159332 If you want to be there, you better start booking up. Right now even the booking is not open but I have announced,
dihcNU3HnPu-00160-00159332-00159766 but you start putting your names out there because maybe we will have to...
dihcNU3HnPu-00161-00159766-00160244 we will have to stop at a certain number for technological reasons.
dihcNU3HnPu-00162-00160244-00160550 So, Forty Days With Sadhguru, it's never happened before.
dihcNU3HnPu-00163-00160550-00161736 So we thought... because people don't even know how to wake up properly and fall asleep properly (Gestures).
dihcNU3HnPu-00164-00161736-00162070 There is a certain way.
dihcNU3HnPu-00165-00162070-00162486 You know, there is a certain way to start the engine of a vehicle.
dihcNU3HnPu-00166-00162486-00162824 If you do it the wrong way it will not function the same way.
dihcNU3HnPu-00167-00162824-00163380 One who knows what it isdoes it in certain ways.
dihcNU3HnPu-00168-00163380-00163928 Others simply buboom they will do and their machines are like that only.
dihcNU3HnPu-00169-00163928-00164658 So it is important how you start this machine in the morning and how you put it to rest.
dihcNU3HnPu-00170-00164658-00165096 You want to turn off your computer, there is a process, isn't it?
dihcNU3HnPu-00171-00165096-00165482 Simply put off the switch in the wall.
dihcNU3HnPu-00172-00165482-00165972 Tomorrow morning when you want to work again, it has lots of troubles.
dihcNU3HnPu-00173-00165972-00166320 The same with this (Referring to Oneself), how to turn it down,
dihcNU3HnPu-00174-00166320-00166926 how to bring it back, there is a way, and how to walk it through the day.
dihcNU3HnPu-00175-00166926-00168340 So forty days, twenty-four hours with Sadhguru, alright!
dihcNU3HnPu-00176-00168340-00169338 So now that, you know, now that I'm becoming a full-time painter and a part-time spiritual teacher,
dihcNU3HnPu-00177-00169338-00170024 we thought we'll show you some things.
dihcNU3HnPu-00178-00170398-00171102 (Talks aside: Yes, which is that one? First one? Okay, let me see it).
dihcNU3HnPu-00179-00175982-00176818 "So, such are the ways of vanity, even a feather sits upon a man's brow." (Sadhguru quotes one of the paintings).
dihcNU3HnPu-00180-00176818-00177728 How many silly ways a human being is trying to enhance himself when everything in this world is telling you,
dihcNU3HnPu-00181-00177728-00178216 "you are the highest possible piece of life on this planet."
dihcNU3HnPu-00182-00178216-00178868 You got to fix... what a bird drops you have to put it up on your head to feel (Gestures puffs out chest).
dihcNU3HnPu-00183-00178868-00179720 In like this, beads and bones and feathers and this and that and maybe a stupid diamond.
dihcNU3HnPu-00184-00179720-00180470 Because a feather comes free, diamond is a bloody cruel thing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00185-00180470-00180982 So how many ways, how many silly idiotic ways,
dihcNU3HnPu-00186-00180982-00182204 a human being struggles to find little enhancement, when we are the highest piece of life on this planet.
dihcNU3HnPu-00187-00182204-00182816 So, if all those enhancements have failed and at least the virus has made you realize
dihcNU3HnPu-00188-00182816-00183338 wearing diamonds and walking around in the house is a bloody silly thing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00189-00183338-00184276 If you've realized that, it's time for yoga.
dihcNU3HnPu-00190-00184276-00184442 Questions?
dihcNU3HnPu-00191-00184442-00184940 Speaker: "Namaskaram Sadhguru, when someone is ill and on the verge of death,
dihcNU3HnPu-00192-00184940-00185432 is that the time to give comfort and solace or talk about death and prepare them for it?"
dihcNU3HnPu-00193-00185432-00185956 Sadhguru: Oh.
dihcNU3HnPu-00194-00185956-00187818 See when someone is ill and if that someone has unfortunately never truly realized life is mortal
dihcNU3HnPu-00195-00187818-00188402 and they have not prepared for it in any way within themselves, at that time you tell them,
dihcNU3HnPu-00196-00188402-00188914 "You're going to die now", is going to be terrible.
dihcNU3HnPu-00197-00188914-00189720 Well, when someone becomes ill, in many ways they become helpless.
dihcNU3HnPu-00198-00189720-00190722 In that helplessness they become like a little child, or a... you know, they become like little children.
dihcNU3HnPu-00199-00190722-00191948 You love the child so much; there are two aspects to it. One is... one is, he or she is small and cute;
dihcNU3HnPu-00200-00191948-00192540 another is they're helpless, you like it.
dihcNU3HnPu-00201-00192540-00192732 Yes, yes!
dihcNU3HnPu-00202-00192732-00193428 If you have a husband or a wife who is super efficient about everything they need they can do it themself.
dihcNU3HnPu-00203-00193428-00193672 No, no, you will not like that person.
dihcNU3HnPu-00204-00193672-00194306 You will need somebody who doesn't know how to find his socks, you will curse, but you like it because,
dihcNU3HnPu-00205-00194306-00194956 you know, these are the controls you have over life.
dihcNU3HnPu-00206-00194956-00195258 I've seen you know woman talking about, you know,
dihcNU3HnPu-00207-00195258-00195660 "My husband cannot even find his toothbrush in the morning!"
dihcNU3HnPu-00208-00195660-00196612 But they're very proud of it because when he's so helpless, "Without me he cannot live."
dihcNU3HnPu-00209-00196612-00196850 That's the thing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00210-00196850-00197580 Because all relationships are need-based relationships, societies have evolved like this.
dihcNU3HnPu-00211-00197580-00198158 So suddenly telling them, "You're going to die", may not be a great idea.
dihcNU3HnPu-00212-00198158-00198400 In this country,
dihcNU3HnPu-00213-00198400-00199202 it was made a very significant thing, people have kind of all dissipated this fundamental wisdom.
dihcNU3HnPu-00214-00199202-00199702 It was very important to have a son.
dihcNU3HnPu-00215-00199702-00200338 Not because of gender discrimination because the nature and the format of the society was such,
dihcNU3HnPu-00216-00200338-00200934 if you had daughters, at a certain age they will go away.
dihcNU3HnPu-00217-00200934-00201712 So even if they are ten or twenty-five kilometres away from you in a nearby village.
dihcNU3HnPu-00218-00201712-00202078 Well, she is either pregnant or she has a young child
dihcNU3HnPu-00219-00202078-00202462 or she has responsibilities of that house that she has gone to
dihcNU3HnPu-00220-00202462-00203014 and twenty-five kilometres she has to walk and come, there is no transportation.
dihcNU3HnPu-00221-00203014-00203418 So most probably if you are dying she won't come.
dihcNU3HnPu-00222-00203418-00203634 This is always the case.
dihcNU3HnPu-00223-00203634-00204152 Once again, we've gone to the same place now because most people, their children are in some other country,
dihcNU3HnPu-00224-00204152-00205078 in some other faraway place that they cannot come, or it's because of virus they cannot come.
dihcNU3HnPu-00225-00205078-00205464 So because of this, having a son was very important because
dihcNU3HnPu-00226-00205464-00206192 one fundamental duty which was very well established in this society, unfortunately forgotten today is,
dihcNU3HnPu-00227-00206192-00207073 the moment a parent becomes to a place where the man gets married... the son gets married.
dihcNU3HnPu-00228-00207073-00208230 The moment that happens, it is one of the duties of the son is to take the parents on yatra to the pilgrim places.
dihcNU3HnPu-00229-00208230-00208956 This is not tourism, this is to remind them that they are mortal, their time is rapidly coming.
dihcNU3HnPu-00230-00208956-00209458 This is the time to invest in their inner well-being.
dihcNU3HnPu-00231-00209458-00210100 Recently there was one video which has gone viral around the country, a man carrying his old mother.
dihcNU3HnPu-00232-00210100-00210419 You've seen that video?
dihcNU3HnPu-00233-00210419-00211032 Because this guy was very ill when he was young and he... everybody thought he will die,
dihcNU3HnPu-00234-00211032-00211578 but his mother did not give up and she prayed to some god, so intensely
dihcNU3HnPu-00235-00211578-00211956 and without any medication this guy bounced back.
dihcNU3HnPu-00236-00211956-00212321 So since then, he's been wanting to take his mother,
dihcNU3HnPu-00237-00212321-00212790 which is her dream, to go to pilgrim places in the country.
dihcNU3HnPu-00238-00212790-00213386 Now being a poor man he didn't have money, he just put a bamboo thing, one side some things that he needs
dihcNU3HnPu-00239-00213386-00214016 - clothes, this and that, another side his mother, and he's carrying her and walking from all the places to places
dihcNU3HnPu-00240-00214016-00214408 wherever she had wished to go across the country,
dihcNU3HnPu-00241-00214408-00214802 carrying his mother and another equal amount of load at the back and walking,
dihcNU3HnPu-00242-00214802-00215128 this video is just gone crazy all over the country.
dihcNU3HnPu-00243-00215128-00215784 Because this was the fundamental duty, before they become incapable of walking and doing things
dihcNU3HnPu-00244-00215784-00216117 - A son must take them to pilgrim places.
dihcNU3HnPu-00245-00216117-00216914 Pilgrim places not for tourism purposes but to remind them that they need to turn inward.
dihcNU3HnPu-00246-00216914-00217596 Well that is gone completely out of our thing we are all thinking, even if you're seventy or eighty,
dihcNU3HnPu-00247-00217596-00217882 you must be going to the cinema, you must be going to the party,
dihcNU3HnPu-00248-00217882-00218136 you must be doing this, you must be doing that,
dihcNU3HnPu-00249-00218136-00218460 because this whole thing has come to us from the West,
dihcNU3HnPu-00250-00218460-00218976 even if you're eighty you must behave like you're eighteen.
dihcNU3HnPu-00251-00218976-00219346 Now also, you must be on the dating app!
dihcNU3HnPu-00252-00219346-00219576 Yes, they are.
dihcNU3HnPu-00253-00219576-00219806 Unfortunately.
dihcNU3HnPu-00254-00219806-00220290 So, suddenly telling them may not be a good idea.
dihcNU3HnPu-00255-00220290-00220900 This is something only you can judge on... based on an individual person, there is no common prescription,
dihcNU3HnPu-00256-00220900-00221608 but it is important, before they become ill, this must be brought forth to them.
dihcNU3HnPu-00257-00221608-00222166 They should not go with this ignorance that they are going to live forever.
dihcNU3HnPu-00258-00222166-00222744 So they will get engaged with their children to some extent then their own careers and jobs and whatever,
dihcNU3HnPu-00259-00222744-00222980 they're retired, now they're getting old.
dihcNU3HnPu-00260-00222980-00223371 Now they are desperate, "Grandchildren, where are the grandchildren?"
dihcNU3HnPu-00261-00223371-00223830 How come you love those children who are not yet born so much
dihcNU3HnPu-00262-00223830-00224392 when you have no care or concern for children who are on the street?
dihcNU3HnPu-00263-00224392-00224992 How come you have so much love for children who don't exist
dihcNU3HnPu-00264-00224992-00225554 because you want to get engaged with life once again, as if it's a new beginning.
dihcNU3HnPu-00265-00225554-00226152 Because it will give you a new lease of life, another level of involvement, another level of illusion about
dihcNU3HnPu-00266-00226152-00226464 "things will go on forever."
dihcNU3HnPu-00267-00226464-00226852 So if all those things are not there people will get frustrated, they will lose their minds,
dihcNU3HnPu-00268-00226852-00227238 all these things will happen, unfortunately.
dihcNU3HnPu-00269-00227238-00228019 So whether you should tell them or not if they're ill and moving towards their time,
dihcNU3HnPu-00270-00228019-00228608 maybe not in so many words but you must create an atmosphere that it comes home to them.
dihcNU3HnPu-00271-00228608-00228928 Otherwise you're doing a great injustice.
dihcNU3HnPu-00272-00228928-00229400 You're doing a great injustice by creating a fake atmosphere,
dihcNU3HnPu-00273-00229400-00229788 "Everything will be okay no, no we are going to go back home, you're in a hospital.
dihcNU3HnPu-00274-00229788-00230116 Don't worry, we are going to go back home, everything is going to be fine.
dihcNU3HnPu-00275-00230116-00230792 And then your grandson's wedding is coming. Five years later, we will do, what shall we do? Planning for that."
dihcNU3HnPu-00276-00230792-00231086 This is a rubbish way of existence.
dihcNU3HnPu-00277-00231086-00231971 It is very important, for every human being, that when we're approaching the closure of our time,
dihcNU3HnPu-00278-00231971-00232517 we approach it in a sensible and conscious way, as far as possible.
dihcNU3HnPu-00279-00232517-00232994 If you're absolutely conscious, there's nothing to say about it, that will be managed.
dihcNU3HnPu-00280-00232994-00233476 Otherwise, they did not live like that, they don't have that ability right now,
dihcNU3HnPu-00281-00233476-00233914 but you must create an atmosphere that it is moving in this direction.
dihcNU3HnPu-00282-00233914-00234430 You may not be able to directly tell them. They may get terrified, they may get scared, and you know
dihcNU3HnPu-00283-00234430-00234976 all those things, but you must create an atmosphere - a spiritual atmosphere.
dihcNU3HnPu-00284-00234976-00235434 When we say spiritual, something that's not of the body.
dihcNU3HnPu-00285-00235434-00235580 That's all.
dihcNU3HnPu-00286-00235580-00236278 Right now, life is moving you to a place where it is not about the body anymore.
dihcNU3HnPu-00287-00236278-00236512 They must get this point.
dihcNU3HnPu-00288-00236512-00237176 But in many homes today, it's... I've... I've been in some homes unfortunately, where this happened,
dihcNU3HnPu-00289-00237176-00237736 they are trying to cook all their favourite foods and say, "Eat this, eat that."
dihcNU3HnPu-00290-00237736-00238171 Maybe if that is your way of pre-poning their death, it's unfortunate again.
dihcNU3HnPu-00291-00238171-00238392 That is not the way of doing it.
dihcNU3HnPu-00292-00238392-00239002 It is very, very, very important that bodily concerns must be brought down
dihcNU3HnPu-00293-00239002-00239640 - of food, of this and comfort and clothing, you must bring it down and make it very clear to them,
dihcNU3HnPu-00294-00239640-00240173 if not by words, by setting up an atmosphere that our time is coming.
dihcNU3HnPu-00295-00240173-00240396 It will come to all of us.
dihcNU3HnPu-00296-00240396-00240958 When it comes to this person, it is important the necessary atmosphere is provided,
dihcNU3HnPu-00297-00240958-00241680 and the whole family or whoever else is there, creates that ambience of not pulling them into this and that,
dihcNU3HnPu-00298-00241680-00241976 but allowing them to move in that direction.
dihcNU3HnPu-00299-00241976-00242234 There are many simple things one can do.
dihcNU3HnPu-00300-00242234-00242542 I think in the death book we have handled this elaborately,
dihcNU3HnPu-00301-00242542-00243316 but simple things you can do is just an oil lamp - a vegetable oil lamp or a ghee lamp.
dihcNU3HnPu-00302-00243316-00243526 Oil lamp is better.
dihcNU3HnPu-00303-00243526-00243930 I'm sorry, vegetable oil lamp is better, a lamp.
dihcNU3HnPu-00304-00243930-00244812 Some simple chant or something which reminds you that it's not about the body.
dihcNU3HnPu-00305-00244812-00245580 If this much reminder is there, there is enough wisdom in life to latch on to that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00306-00245580-00246392 But if you not said a word till now, somebody is not oriented at all in this direction,
dihcNU3HnPu-00307-00246392-00246688 suddenly you go tell them, "You're going to die",
dihcNU3HnPu-00308-00246688-00247048 that could be very cruel, and it could unnecessarily create
dihcNU3HnPu-00309-00247048-00247371 a disturbance which is not necessary for that person.
dihcNU3HnPu-00310-00247371-00247760 So how it needs to be done is important. Everybody...
dihcNU3HnPu-00311-00247760-00248354 See don't try to create a situation of normalcy around that person.
dihcNU3HnPu-00312-00248354-00248938 Everybody bonding around, children coming and saying, "Grandma, Grandpa, I love you, everything is great",
dihcNU3HnPu-00313-00248938-00249571 don't create that. Even if children are there, if they come in, they must come in slowly and
dihcNU3HnPu-00314-00249571-00250066 just be like that (Gestures). They must understand situations are changing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00315-00250066-00250746 If you do not even create that, you put on a cinema, you do this, you cook all their favourite foods,
dihcNU3HnPu-00316-00250746-00251440 your bo... you know, bouncing around them to make them feel everything is great –this is not the way.
dihcNU3HnPu-00317-00251440-00251766 It's important... There is nothing wrong with death.
dihcNU3HnPu-00318-00251766-00252336 It is just a part of our existence. It is just the way we conduct it.
dihcNU3HnPu-00319-00252336-00252458 It's very important.
dihcNU3HnPu-00320-00252458-00253723 This is a fundamental duty of the children towards their parents that when their time comes, they will leave well.
dihcNU3HnPu-00321-00253723-00254319 Simplest thing is, if you turn spiritual, initially they will resist, they will struggle.
dihcNU3HnPu-00322-00254319-00254732 But after that, it's a natural intelligence of a human being,
dihcNU3HnPu-00323-00254732-00255554 "Somebody who's half my age is not focusing on you know, physiological and psychological compulsions
dihcNU3HnPu-00324-00255554-00255858 and they're doing something with themselves, what am I doing?"
dihcNU3HnPu-00325-00255858-00256184 This will naturally come in any human being.
dihcNU3HnPu-00326-00256184-00256838 So if you are doing any spiritual practice or anything, it's good to do it in front of your parents
dihcNU3HnPu-00327-00256838-00257598 even if they are not interested. Yes.
dihcNU3HnPu-00328-00257598-00258102 Even if they have resistance and they are not interested, it's good to close your eyes and sit.
dihcNU3HnPu-00329-00258102-00258682 Slowly it will dawn on them, because there is a profound intelligence within this (Referring to oneself)
dihcNU3HnPu-00330-00258682-00259002 which knows that this's not forever.
dihcNU3HnPu-00331-00259002-00259810 It is in the body. Unfortunately, it's not gotten to the head.
dihcNU3HnPu-00332-00259810-00260186 Speaker:Next question is from Ananth Bhushan from Patna.
dihcNU3HnPu-00333-00260186-00260656 "Namaskaram Sadhguru. India's farmers are already poor and struggling.
dihcNU3HnPu-00334-00260656-00261128 Now with the virus situation, lakhs of migrants are going back to their villages.
dihcNU3HnPu-00335-00261128-00261673 Won't this further put stress on the farmers and the farmland and lead to greater poverty?
dihcNU3HnPu-00336-00261673-00262108 Is there any solution to this?"
dihcNU3HnPu-00337-00262108-00262704 Sadhguru:Well, hope this migrant movement is a temporary movement.
dihcNU3HnPu-00338-00262704-00263772 Only concern is, if... if this had happened at the beginning of the lockdown,
dihcNU3HnPu-00339-00263772-00264254 if we had engineered and organised this at the beginning of the lockdown,
dihcNU3HnPu-00340-00264254-00264696 and six weeks of stay in the village and they had come back,
dihcNU3HnPu-00341-00264696-00265058 now it would be good to start all the industry and business.
dihcNU3HnPu-00342-00265058-00265468 But now it is happening at the end of the lockdown.
dihcNU3HnPu-00343-00265468-00265658 This is not very good.
dihcNU3HnPu-00344-00265658-00266230 But nobody knew how long the lockdown will be. Initially we thought it's fifteen days.
dihcNU3HnPu-00345-00266230-00266870 So we tried to keep them in the cities and make accommodations and food and works.
dihcNU3HnPu-00346-00266870-00267302 But when fifteen days it did not end... Everybody was okay up to fifteen days.
dihcNU3HnPu-00347-00267302-00267628 When the second lockdown came, they became alarmed,
dihcNU3HnPu-00348-00267628-00268292 because most of the migrant labour in India at least, are only men. It's a male population.
dihcNU3HnPu-00349-00268292-00268768 Their women and children are at home in the village, they keep visiting them.
dihcNU3HnPu-00350-00268768-00269390 When the second lockdown extension happened, that's when they got alarmed that,
dihcNU3HnPu-00351-00269390-00269620 "What is happening to our wives and children?"
dihcNU3HnPu-00352-00269620-00270114 Because many of them couldn't pay phone bills to be in contact with their families.
dihcNU3HnPu-00353-00270114-00270594 Now they wanted to go. They started walking, many of them walk two hundred, three hundred kilometres,
dihcNU3HnPu-00354-00270594-00271048 and people have cycled over 1000 kilometres to get to their villages.
dihcNU3HnPu-00355-00271048-00271600 Now they're arranging trains, but now we are planning to break the lock down,
dihcNU3HnPu-00356-00271600-00272162 but now all the labour is moving away from the city, which is not the best way to do.
dihcNU3HnPu-00357-00272162-00272888 Is this of a... some kind of a problem for agriculture? No.
dihcNU3HnPu-00358-00272888-00273438 Agriculture will do well, because this has been a major problem in the villages
dihcNU3HnPu-00359-00273438-00273718 –there is not enough labour to do any work.
dihcNU3HnPu-00360-00273718-00274546 Now if this labour goes back, it will be more than sufficient or excess, but still of course the labour...
dihcNU3HnPu-00361-00274546-00275130 you know, the amount that needs to be paid out will come down. So the farmer could benefit out of it,
dihcNU3HnPu-00362-00275130-00275466 unless there is a total influx of population.
dihcNU3HnPu-00363-00275466-00275814 No, because in the city, it looks like that –when they go to the villages,
dihcNU3HnPu-00364-00275814-00276176 they're going to spread into hundreds of villages or thousands of villages.
dihcNU3HnPu-00365-00276176-00276954 So this migrant labour which looks like a huge force in the city, when it goes into the hinterlands of India,
dihcNU3HnPu-00366-00276954-00277216 they will spread out into thousands of villages.
dihcNU3HnPu-00367-00277216-00277810 I don't think there'll be such a big influx except maybe a... a few villages in northern India.
dihcNU3HnPu-00368-00277810-00278440 So that is not going to be a problem for agriculture, but that's going to be a problem for various businesses,
dihcNU3HnPu-00369-00278440-00279400 households, and industry, and above all construction industry which mainly depends on migrant labour.
dihcNU3HnPu-00370-00279400-00279762 So it is... there are a lot of challenges out here.
dihcNU3HnPu-00371-00279762-00280218 It is not a simple situation; it's a never before kind of situation.
dihcNU3HnPu-00372-00280218-00280584 The number of migrant labour in the country is somewhere between
dihcNU3HnPu-00373-00280584-00281034 hundred-and-twenty to hundred-and-forty million people.
dihcNU3HnPu-00374-00281034-00281652 That many people moving from one place to another is a recipe for many problems.
dihcNU3HnPu-00375-00281652-00282174 Unfortunately, sixteen of them walking on the railway track and going,
dihcNU3HnPu-00376-00282174-00282916 they're so exhausted, they slept on the track, and a train just smashed through them in the night.
dihcNU3HnPu-00377-00282916-00283440 So these kind of unfortunate disasters are happening.
dihcNU3HnPu-00378-00283440-00284442 But there is a certain resilience to this country that it is capable of bouncing back,
dihcNU3HnPu-00379-00284442-00284772 because our economy is built in a certain way.
dihcNU3HnPu-00380-00284772-00285344 This is not run by a few corporations or this or that, this is run by one billion Indians.
dihcNU3HnPu-00381-00285344-00285904 So it has the capacity to bounce back, because the...
dihcNU3HnPu-00382-00285904-00286516 our production and our consumption are largely within the nation itself.
dihcNU3HnPu-00383-00286516-00287274 Well, everybody has to look at many ingenious ways and innovative ways of doing things.
dihcNU3HnPu-00384-00287274-00287626 The same old way of doing things will not work for anybody.
dihcNU3HnPu-00385-00287626-00288026 Not even for us here at Isha is it going to work.
dihcNU3HnPu-00386-00288026-00288848 We'll have to change many things and innovate in many different ways to keep what we are doing going,
dihcNU3HnPu-00387-00288848-00289196 and everybody has to do this –all businesses.
dihcNU3HnPu-00388-00289196-00289864 Well, a segment of businesses may become irrelevant, new possibilities may come forth,
dihcNU3HnPu-00389-00289864-00290076 many, many things are there.
dihcNU3HnPu-00390-00290076-00290358 These are challenging times for sure.
dihcNU3HnPu-00391-00290358-00290886 So as I said in the very beginning of the lockdown, one concern is
dihcNU3HnPu-00392-00290886-00291134 that people should not move toward starvation.
dihcNU3HnPu-00393-00291134-00291326 Fortunately it's not happened.
dihcNU3HnPu-00394-00291326-00291934 Well, people have struggled a little bit, but everywhere, many organizations and the state governments,
dihcNU3HnPu-00395-00291934-00292420 all have responded and ensured there are no starvation deaths.
dihcNU3HnPu-00396-00292420-00293236 So if we ensure that one thing doesn't happen, all of us are deprived of something that we had six weeks ago,
dihcNU3HnPu-00397-00293236-00293486 I think it's all right.
dihcNU3HnPu-00398-00293486-00293888 I think it's all right. I know a lot of people are going to throw brickbats at me for this,
dihcNU3HnPu-00399-00293888-00294302 but I think it's all right, we will live with a little less, it's perfectly fine.
dihcNU3HnPu-00400-00294302-00294914 It's fine with me. It should be fine with everybody that we will live with little less than what we were doing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00401-00294914-00295290 In many ways human beings have been an excess.
dihcNU3HnPu-00402-00295290-00296098 So now a little less is okay, but we must ensure nobody starves, nobody goes without basic nourishment.
dihcNU3HnPu-00403-00296098-00296520 If that one thing we take care of, well in a few months it'll bounce back,
dihcNU3HnPu-00404-00296520-00297288 but the problem is the whole virus situation is so volatile right now.
dihcNU3HnPu-00405-00297288-00297890 We were talking about breaking this lockdown on 17th.
dihcNU3HnPu-00406-00297890-00298618 When two weeks ago we spoke about it, the fatalities in India was less than thousand.
dihcNU3HnPu-00407-00298618-00298994 Today it's around 2300.
dihcNU3HnPu-00408-00298994-00299818 And fortunately, it's all gotten squished to one segment of the country.
dihcNU3HnPu-00409-00299818-00300896 Mainly, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Delhi –these are main hotspots, and unfortunately Tamil Nadu.
dihcNU3HnPu-00410-00300896-00301694 No it's unfortunate everywhere, but I'm saying this is an isolated happening, they are all connected.
dihcNU3HnPu-00411-00301694-00302130 When we say Maharashtra, for those of you who do not know the geography of this country
dihcNU3HnPu-00412-00302130-00302660 – Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Delhi, these are all connected geographically.
dihcNU3HnPu-00413-00302660-00302896 So it's happening there in a big way.
dihcNU3HnPu-00414-00302896-00303320 Tamil Nadu is totally in the south, but unfortunately it's happening here
dihcNU3HnPu-00415-00303320-00303794 when the other states around us are free from it, which has happened due to certain reasons.
dihcNU3HnPu-00416-00303794-00304384 I think at some point some study or investigation needs to happen why it happened the way it happened.
dihcNU3HnPu-00417-00304384-00304614 Anyway...
dihcNU3HnPu-00418-00304614-00305008 But the number of fatalities are rising by the day.
dihcNU3HnPu-00419-00305008-00305436 I think right now every day about hundred-and -twenty to hundred-and-fifty people are dying
dihcNU3HnPu-00420-00305436-00305618 in the country of virus.
dihcNU3HnPu-00421-00305618-00306362 It is way better than United States, but that is not a... either a solace or a solution,
dihcNU3HnPu-00422-00306362-00307130 because once we break the lockdown...United States did not lock down as rigidly as we did.
dihcNU3HnPu-00423-00307130-00307430 Inspite of the lockdown this is happening.
dihcNU3HnPu-00424-00307430-00307936 Once we relax the lockdown –anybody's guess.
dihcNU3HnPu-00425-00307936-00308568 So I want all of you, all of you, wherever you are, to understand the real responsibility
dihcNU3HnPu-00426-00308568-00309152 of maintaining social distance and all the other protocol that's been repeatedly spoken about
dihcNU3HnPu-00427-00309152-00309468 really starts from 17th onwards.
dihcNU3HnPu-00428-00309468-00309906 Till now most of us been protected by isolating ourselves.
dihcNU3HnPu-00429-00309906-00310296 Now when we have to step out and other people start coming and going,
dihcNU3HnPu-00430-00310296-00310656 this is when the real challenge happens.
dihcNU3HnPu-00431-00310656-00311124 This is when really how responsible and sensible we are matters
dihcNU3HnPu-00432-00311124-00311550 –after the lockdown is over, when the economic process begins.
dihcNU3HnPu-00433-00311550-00312150 Well, will it go out of control or what will happen, we have to see.
dihcNU3HnPu-00434-00312150-00312634 One pluses and minuses of this is,
dihcNU3HnPu-00435-00312634-00313786 well there is... always people are comparing this to Spanish Flu which happened in you know, 1919,
dihcNU3HnPu-00436-00313786-00314726 which killed over fifty million people, twelve to seventeen million people died in India alone.
dihcNU3HnPu-00437-00314726-00315146 Spanish Flu, why did it come to India?
dihcNU3HnPu-00438-00315146-00315682 It did not start in Spain, it got the name because post World War One
dihcNU3HnPu-00439-00315682-00316358 there was so much transaction from that place, and it burst out there. Then it spread all over the place.
dihcNU3HnPu-00440-00316358-00316656 But we don't have to compare this to Spanish flu,
dihcNU3HnPu-00441-00316656-00317190 because Spanish Flu largely killed people between twenty and forty years of age.
dihcNU3HnPu-00442-00317190-00317638 This is killing people who are generally over sixty-five, seventy years of age,
dihcNU3HnPu-00443-00317638-00318394 or other vulnerable population with certain inherent problems in their system.
dihcNU3HnPu-00444-00318394-00319326 And another thing is the... the minus point of this one is it doesn't kill as quickly as Spanish flu,
dihcNU3HnPu-00445-00319326-00319842 but there is asymptomatic transmission in this.
dihcNU3HnPu-00446-00319842-00320354 With Spanish Flu the moment you got it, we would know you got it, nobody would come near you.
dihcNU3HnPu-00447-00320354-00320670 But at that time we didn't have any antibiotics.
dihcNU3HnPu-00448-00320670-00321236 Now we have variety of medicines, even if we get infected there's a way to deal with that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00449-00321236-00321650 So we are not looking at that level of fatalities in the world.
dihcNU3HnPu-00450-00321650-00322106 But in... to what extent our activities will be crippled, that is a thing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00451-00322106-00322420 Well, there is a whole lot of people who are saying... you know,
dihcNU3HnPu-00452-00322420-00323664 scientific language is being thrown around by all kinds of people saying that we will develop herd immunity.
dihcNU3HnPu-00453-00323664-00324410 See to develop herd immunity about sixty to seventy percent of the population should get infected.
dihcNU3HnPu-00454-00324410-00325064 If this happens, we will wipe out a significant segment of the geriatric population
dihcNU3HnPu-00455-00325064-00325670 –people over seventy-five years of age, we will almost wipe out that population in the world.
dihcNU3HnPu-00456-00325670-00326160 And maybe infants below one year of age also, and all the vulnerable people,
dihcNU3HnPu-00457-00326160-00326692 those who've been through transplants, people with cardiac problems, diabetics,
dihcNU3HnPu-00458-00326692-00327088 and various other things are there which come under this category.
dihcNU3HnPu-00459-00327088-00327442 So all the vulnerable population we will be wiping out.
dihcNU3HnPu-00460-00327442-00328166 So herd immunity is not really a solution that way, because that means we are deciding...
dihcNU3HnPu-00461-00328166-00328698 the very word herd is something I can't take when you refer to the human beings.
dihcNU3HnPu-00462-00328698-00329014 Herd immunity you talk about this in animals.
dihcNU3HnPu-00463-00329014-00329218 The same thing we are talking about it...
dihcNU3HnPu-00464-00329218-00329806 about human beings, because the virus has come from animals right now, and this whole thing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00465-00329806-00330438 But it will wipe out the vulnerable population if you are looking at seventy percent infection around the world.
dihcNU3HnPu-00466-00330438-00330690 So how to stop it? Nobody has a clue.
dihcNU3HnPu-00467-00330690-00331174 Only thing is, we have some ideas about how to slow it down.
dihcNU3HnPu-00468-00331174-00331674 And the best thing you can do is, how to enhance the immunity in your system.
dihcNU3HnPu-00469-00331674-00332190 We can give you a protocol how to maintain this. In the ashram from...
dihcNU3HnPu-00470-00332190-00332886 in the next three days, we will put out things as to how to enhance your immunity beyond what it is right now,
dihcNU3HnPu-00471-00332886-00333520 because from 17th onwards, people from outside may start coming in, transactions will happen,
dihcNU3HnPu-00472-00333520-00334036 we'll keep it to the minimum, but still it's inevitable. We can't be closed down forever.
dihcNU3HnPu-00473-00334036-00334238 This is true everywhere.
dihcNU3HnPu-00474-00334238-00335000 So it is important a few simple things... (Talks aside: Do I have that sheet? Okay.)
dihcNU3HnPu-00475-00335000-00335748 One thing is strict maintenance of social distancing. This must become your religion.
dihcNU3HnPu-00476-00335748-00336016 Okay? That is if you're religious I'm saying.
dihcNU3HnPu-00477-00336016-00336596 Otherwise, this (Gestures)must become your sadhana.
dihcNU3HnPu-00478-00336596-00337286 Well, in the yoga center everybody is popping the neem ball in the morning, neem and turmeric.
dihcNU3HnPu-00479-00337286-00337592 So in next two days the green ball will disappear.
dihcNU3HnPu-00480-00337592-00338064 Only the turmeric ball will be there, but there will be neem leaves.
dihcNU3HnPu-00481-00338064-00338636 So before you go for your morning sadhana, you must take eight to twelve leaves,
dihcNU3HnPu-00482-00338636-00339092 and put it in your mouth, chew it and keep it in your mouth. It's very important it's in your mouth.
dihcNU3HnPu-00483-00339092-00339442 It's most effective when it's in your mouth region.
dihcNU3HnPu-00484-00339442-00339774 So you must keep it in your mouth, chew it for one to two hours.
dihcNU3HnPu-00485-00339774-00340476 Let it be there, don't wash it up, don't drink it down, let it just be there in the mouth. Do your sadhana with that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00486-00340476-00341736 Wherever you are... arey, what?
dihcNU3HnPu-00487-00341736-00342512 No I'm just trying to avoid bad breath in the sadhanahall.
dihcNU3HnPu-00488-00342512-00343076 So wherever you are, at least in this country, you find neem leaf, you can do that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00489-00343076-00343724 There could be other Herbs and things in other nations where there is no neem leaf,
dihcNU3HnPu-00490-00343724-00344388 but it's best you find out, I don't want to suggest something. I'm not very conversant with that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00491-00344388-00345036 Turmeric balls everyday mixing up, if you have organic turmeric, we will be... we are been working on this.
dihcNU3HnPu-00492-00345036-00345764 Probably in a month's time, we will have a supply of well grown organic turmeric,
dihcNU3HnPu-00493-00345764-00346328 which may work out little more expensive than the regular turmeric, but it is best that way
dihcNU3HnPu-00494-00346328-00346592 that every day you consume this in the morning
dihcNU3HnPu-00495-00346592-00347018 and leave it in the stomach before you eat anything at least for one hour.
dihcNU3HnPu-00496-00347018-00347264 This will do wonders for you.
dihcNU3HnPu-00497-00347264-00347906 And nelavembu kashayam, which we are distributing all over the villages, here to the workers and everybody,
dihcNU3HnPu-00498-00347906-00348134 to the migrant workers and all this.
dihcNU3HnPu-00499-00348134-00348562 One thing we've noticed is in this part of Tamil Nadu where we are working,
dihcNU3HnPu-00500-00348562-00349540 there has not been a single case in the last two months, not a single case.
dihcNU3HnPu-00501-00349540-00350300 One thing is effective social distance policing by us, and the authorities,
dihcNU3HnPu-00502-00350300-00350798 and nelavembu kashayamand a few other things we are doing. So if you maintain these protocols,
dihcNU3HnPu-00503-00350798-00351470 very easily you can enhance your immune system, because ultimately that's the only way you have.
dihcNU3HnPu-00504-00351470-00352198 Another thing is, this is the amla season, that is the nallikai for Kannada people, the bettad nallikai.
dihcNU3HnPu-00505-00352198-00353024 So right now the season is on, not those huge, you know, golf ball kind of amla, that is all hybrid amla,
dihcNU3HnPu-00506-00353024-00353302 that is also okay if you don't find anything else.
dihcNU3HnPu-00507-00353302-00353694 But otherwise, what grows in the hills is only this size.
dihcNU3HnPu-00508-00353694-00354146 You just smash one amla and put little salt on it and just chew it.
dihcNU3HnPu-00509-00354146-00354536 You must keep it in your mouth, and it's most effective once again in your mouth.
dihcNU3HnPu-00510-00354536-00354844 It must be just in your mouth for one or two hours.
dihcNU3HnPu-00511-00354844-00355748 These simple things will greatly enhance your immune system, and to drink hot water,
dihcNU3HnPu-00512-00355748-00356582 about four to five times a day, just plain hot water or you can put a little bit of coriander or mint
dihcNU3HnPu-00513-00356582-00357518 or you can add a pinch of turmeric or even little lime juice and drink that regularly.
dihcNU3HnPu-00514-00357518-00358006 And, well, in your living spaces, walking spaces, places that you're using,
dihcNU3HnPu-00515-00358006-00359018 spraying of Lizol, don't drink it, don't inject it.
dihcNU3HnPu-00516-00359018-00359498 And this will happen here at the Yoga Center.
dihcNU3HnPu-00517-00359498-00359920 We're planning how to accommodate them and what to do.
dihcNU3HnPu-00518-00359920-00360406 This may sound little bit of discomfort for many of you, but you have to do this.
dihcNU3HnPu-00519-00360406-00361026 The vulnerable population in the ashram will be separated from the younger population.
dihcNU3HnPu-00520-00361026-00361706 It is very important this is done because what may be perfectly fine for a young person,
dihcNU3HnPu-00521-00361706-00362162 another person could be fatal... it could be fatal for the other person.
dihcNU3HnPu-00522-00362162-00362472 So we want to separate the vulnerable population.
dihcNU3HnPu-00523-00362472-00362862 This work is going on, you must do this in your homes also.
dihcNU3HnPu-00524-00362862-00363374 If there are people beyond a certain age or they have some other ailment which makes them vulnerable,
dihcNU3HnPu-00525-00363374-00363854 it's important that you clearly separate yourself from them.
dihcNU3HnPu-00526-00363854-00364088 How long we don't know.
dihcNU3HnPu-00527-00364088-00364366 Nobody knows. It's anybody's guess.
dihcNU3HnPu-00528-00364366-00364894 Right now if you look at the Spanish Flu the way it happened, it started in the month of January.
dihcNU3HnPu-00529-00364894-00365076 It took a certain toll.
dihcNU3HnPu-00530-00365076-00365524 But it... Again the second wave happened in the month of August, September,
dihcNU3HnPu-00531-00365524-00365930 that is when it took the maximum number of people.
dihcNU3HnPu-00532-00365930-00366646 So certain doctors and scientists are expecting a second wave will happen between October and December
dihcNU3HnPu-00533-00366646-00366810 in most nations.
dihcNU3HnPu-00534-00366810-00367220 Whether it will happen in India or not or it will happen across India,
dihcNU3HnPu-00535-00367220-00367756 because the weather conditions are very different from place to place here in this country.
dihcNU3HnPu-00536-00367756-00368238 In the United States also it may be true, the southern America how it works
dihcNU3HnPu-00537-00368238-00368824 and the northern part of the country how it responds, it could be different, we don't know for sure.
dihcNU3HnPu-00538-00368824-00369316 Because they've shown resilience to survive in any kind of weather.
dihcNU3HnPu-00539-00369316-00369826 There was hope when the summer comes they will go down, but that's not happening.
dihcNU3HnPu-00540-00369826-00370454 Now we have a new hope, when the monsoon comes it'll go down. This is just our hope.
dihcNU3HnPu-00541-00370454-00370888 The virus may learn to thrive in all these conditions.
dihcNU3HnPu-00542-00370888-00371278 There is no... There is no proof that it will actually go down.
dihcNU3HnPu-00543-00371278-00371772 So the second wave when it comes, when we relax our guard and we start getting into activity,
dihcNU3HnPu-00544-00371772-00372472 when the second wave comes, that is when humanity may pay a very large price.
dihcNU3HnPu-00545-00372472-00372842 So this is why we want to separate the vulnerable population.
dihcNU3HnPu-00546-00372842-00373590 Every one of you in your homes if you have such people you must keep a clear distance, absolute distance.
dihcNU3HnPu-00547-00373590-00373908 How long? Unfortunately we do not know how long,
dihcNU3HnPu-00548-00373908-00374314 nobody knows how long. Everybody's making guesswork.
dihcNU3HnPu-00549-00374314-00374734 Don't do guesswork with people's lives.
dihcNU3HnPu-00550-00374734-00375076 And about the migrant labor and all this happening.
dihcNU3HnPu-00551-00375076-00375566 All of them need not necessarily come back to city if you ask me.
dihcNU3HnPu-00552-00375566-00376160 I've been talking to business groups and, you know, entrepreneurs around the world.
dihcNU3HnPu-00553-00376160-00376718 Yesterday we had a event with TiE, today with a... with a news channel.
dihcNU3HnPu-00554-00376718-00377182 So this is something I'm constantly trying to put this across, this has been...
dihcNU3HnPu-00555-00377182-00377530 we've been doing this for over fifteen,twenty years.
dihcNU3HnPu-00556-00377530-00377778 Many people are listening
dihcNU3HnPu-00557-00377778-00378210 Little bit of action has happened, but not enough action has happened.
dihcNU3HnPu-00558-00378210-00378964 The simple thing is just this, the statistic says some seventy-twopercent of the world's investment
dihcNU3HnPu-00559-00378964-00379532 is just in some thirty-one orthirty -two cities or thirty-sixcities, I think.
dihcNU3HnPu-00560-00379532-00380272 When seventy-twopercent of the world's wealth is centered in just a few cities,
dihcNU3HnPu-00561-00380272-00380464 why will people not move there.
dihcNU3HnPu-00562-00380464-00380646 Naturally they will move there.
dihcNU3HnPu-00563-00380646-00381224 It's estimated in the next ten years, before this virus it was estimated
dihcNU3HnPu-00564-00381224-00381788 that in ten years' time about 1.6 billion people will migrate in the world.
dihcNU3HnPu-00565-00381788-00382082 I want you to imagine the horrors of that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00566-00382082-00382688 1.6 billion people dragging their women and children and you know, picking up their stuff,
dihcNU3HnPu-00567-00382688-00383274 leaving places where they've lived for generations, for hundreds of years, and going to another place
dihcNU3HnPu-00568-00383274-00383628 –the atrocities that they go through is unbelievable.
dihcNU3HnPu-00569-00383628-00384356 In India, it was estimated two-hundred-and-twenty million people will move from rural India to urban India.
dihcNU3HnPu-00570-00384356-00384768 Well, those of you who are living in cities, I want you to imagine,
dihcNU3HnPu-00571-00384768-00385292 let's say ten cities in India, two-hundred-and-twentymillion people,
dihcNU3HnPu-00572-00385292-00386122 even if you distribute evenly which will not happen, you can imagine the plight of those cities.
dihcNU3HnPu-00573-00386122-00386904 So one significant thing that needs to happen is investments must spread.
dihcNU3HnPu-00574-00386904-00387464 This whole Manchester style of building industry,
dihcNU3HnPu-00575-00387464-00387886 because that's where this mass production system started and they brought it everywhere,
dihcNU3HnPu-00576-00387886-00388416 everything has to be done in one place, everybody come to one place and work – this has to go.
dihcNU3HnPu-00577-00388416-00388914 Right now a whole lot of people are talking about working from home and stuff like this.
dihcNU3HnPu-00578-00388914-00389430 But this is only relevant to a certain band of people who do certain type of work,
dihcNU3HnPu-00579-00389430-00389666 but for others they have to go somewhere.
dihcNU3HnPu-00580-00389666-00390302 But that somewhere need not necessarily be concentrated in one city. It needs to spread.
dihcNU3HnPu-00581-00390302-00390856 If we do not focus on this that across the seven-hundred and odd districts in the country,
dihcNU3HnPu-00582-00390856-00391476 if you do not spread industry, even if it's little difficult to begin with, if we do not do that,
dihcNU3HnPu-00583-00391476-00391878 the migration will go crazy. Another thing is agroforestry.
dihcNU3HnPu-00584-00391878-00392260 Agroforestry is a sure way of stopping migration,
dihcNU3HnPu-00585-00392260-00392920 because one reason why migrants move is, whenever there is a drought in agricultural lands
dihcNU3HnPu-00586-00392920-00393326 – it happens every five, six years or eight years, there'll be one big drought
dihcNU3HnPu-00587-00393326-00393972 –when that happens, waves of migrations will happen, people will leave their land and go to the city,
dihcNU3HnPu-00588-00393972-00394226 and they'll never come back.
dihcNU3HnPu-00589-00394226-00394736 If you had long-term crops in your land, if you have trees standing in your land,
dihcNU3HnPu-00590-00394736-00395220 you are not going to leave your land and go away because there is money standing there.
dihcNU3HnPu-00591-00395220-00395796 So agroforestry is one of the best ways to stop migration to the cities.
dihcNU3HnPu-00592-00395796-00396244 If we don't do that now, our cities will become unlivable.
dihcNU3HnPu-00593-00396244-00396634 Not just in India, almost everywhere in the world, this migration,
dihcNU3HnPu-00594-00396634-00397238 if this billion and odd people start moving and piling up in one city, nobody can live well.
dihcNU3HnPu-00595-00397238-00398164 This idea of concentrated population is a hotbed for even a future pandemic.
dihcNU3HnPu-00596-00398164-00398798 If the entire... We usually like to call this a global village, if it was really a village I'm telling you,
dihcNU3HnPu-00597-00398798-00399222 the virus would be quite helpless, because it's a city.
dihcNU3HnPu-00598-00399222-00399678 The Wuhan city itself is supposed to have eleven million population.
dihcNU3HnPu-00599-00399678-00400268 And how many cities have over ten million population in the world? There are too many.
dihcNU3HnPu-00600-00400268-00400572 Why ten million people have come to one place?
dihcNU3HnPu-00601-00400572-00401112 Is it because they're in love with each other? I don't think so.
dihcNU3HnPu-00602-00401112-00401566 Simply because economic opportunities all concentrated in one place.
dihcNU3HnPu-00603-00401566-00401738 This has to spread.
dihcNU3HnPu-00604-00401738-00402086 If we don't spread this, not only in India, across the world
dihcNU3HnPu-00605-00402086-00402628 –economic possibilities must spread across geography it's very, very important.
dihcNU3HnPu-00606-00402628-00403402 Agroforestry is a significant step in this direction.
dihcNU3HnPu-00607-00403402-00403548 Participant: This question is from...
dihcNU3HnPu-00608-00403548-00403962 Sadhguru: Oh, we have time? Okay, last question, please.
dihcNU3HnPu-00609-00403962-00404190 Participant:This question is from Ahuti.
dihcNU3HnPu-00610-00404190-00404790 "Namaskaram Sadhguru, women are socially conditioned to protect themselves since the childhood.
dihcNU3HnPu-00611-00404790-00405262 Also in one of your talks you mentioned that survival instinct is stronger in them.
dihcNU3HnPu-00612-00405262-00406308 Will this self-preservative mindset of a woman be a hindrance for her in the spiritual journey?"
dihcNU3HnPu-00613-00407054-00407386 Sadhguru:This happened in Alandurai.
dihcNU3HnPu-00614-00407386-00408188 For those of you who do not know, Alandurai is a village just about twelve kilometers from here, where we are.
dihcNU3HnPu-00615-00408188-00409000 Actually, it is named after an Englishman, who was a hunter in this region, an elephant hunter.
dihcNU3HnPu-00616-00409000-00409612 His name is Alan.
dihcNU3HnPu-00617-00409612-00410092 And at that time you had to call them master.
dihcNU3HnPu-00618-00410092-00410578 All the English people, the local people had to refer to them as master.
dihcNU3HnPu-00619-00410578-00410964 So in the local language, it's durai.
dihcNU3HnPu-00620-00410964-00411672 So it's Alan-durai, has become Alandurai.
dihcNU3HnPu-00621-00411672-00412618 So, in thisAlandurai,two donkeys met, real ones,
dihcNU3HnPu-00622-00412618-00413410 I mean to say four-legged ones.
dihcNU3HnPu-00623-00413410-00413758 In case you're thinking I'm being nasty, no.
dihcNU3HnPu-00624-00413758-00414088 Real donkeys they met.
dihcNU3HnPu-00625-00414088-00414580 One was very well-fed and doing well.
dihcNU3HnPu-00626-00414580-00415342 Another one came, and he was emaciated and looking quite pathetic.
dihcNU3HnPu-00627-00415342-00415838 Then they got to talking and inquiring about each other,
dihcNU3HnPu-00628-00415838-00416482 they have no virus concerns so they're talking about their own life.
dihcNU3HnPu-00629-00416482-00416718 So one asked the other,
dihcNU3HnPu-00630-00416718-00417566 "Why are you stuck in this job with your owner? See, I escaped from my master. I am my own.
dihcNU3HnPu-00631-00417566-00418374 I go and eat what I want. See how I am. Look at you, a pathetic creature."
dihcNU3HnPu-00632-00418374-00418918 Then the other donkey said, "Yes, my master is a cruel man.
dihcNU3HnPu-00633-00418918-00419322 He hardly gives me any food, he beats me, he abuses me,
dihcNU3HnPu-00634-00419322-00419954 uses all kinds of bad words, he even abuses my mother."
dihcNU3HnPu-00635-00419954-00420376 It's a common habit you know.
dihcNU3HnPu-00636-00420376-00420624 Then the well-to-do donkey said,
dihcNU3HnPu-00637-00420624-00421188 "Why, why are you with this guy? Why don't you just come? Come with me. Let's go away."
dihcNU3HnPu-00638-00421188-00421660 He said, "See, he also... he also has a young daughter.
dihcNU3HnPu-00639-00421660-00421996 He also abuses her similarly.
dihcNU3HnPu-00640-00421996-00422472 He doesn't spare her mother either.
dihcNU3HnPu-00641-00422472-00422989 And he also beats her with the same stick with which he beats me.
dihcNU3HnPu-00642-00422989-00423993 And he keeps threatening her, "If you don't behave one day I will get you married to this donkey.
dihcNU3HnPu-00643-00423993-00424908 So my job has better prospects."
dihcNU3HnPu-00644-00424908-00425374 Survival instinctis a very strong thing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00645-00425374-00425680 It's not only women who have that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00646-00425680-00426332 When you create situations where they could be physically vulnerable,
dihcNU3HnPu-00647-00426332-00426997 then of course a woman's sense of self-preservation becomes very strong.
dihcNU3HnPu-00648-00426997-00428039 This is why, this is why, creating a civilized place that her physical weakness does not
dihcNU3HnPu-00649-00428039-00428354 – when I say weakness, I'm not saying weak, weak that way.
dihcNU3HnPu-00650-00428354-00429096 I'm saying muscular weakness – compared to a man doesn't work against her. It's very important.
dihcNU3HnPu-00651-00429096-00429435 This is why a spiritual space is created in such a way,
dihcNU3HnPu-00652-00429435-00430030 a woman need not think whether she is a man or a woman, she can just go about as she wants.
dihcNU3HnPu-00653-00430030-00430658 This is very important because if you create a space where she's physically threatened,
dihcNU3HnPu-00654-00430658-00431238 naturally, she will become very conscious about her survival process.
dihcNU3HnPu-00655-00431238-00431796 So this is the business of every civilization that this is the business of every society,
dihcNU3HnPu-00656-00431796-00432258 to create a situation where those who are physically weak,
dihcNU3HnPu-00657-00432258-00433224 children or women or even men who are physically weaker, do not feel vulnerable. This's very important.
dihcNU3HnPu-00658-00433224-00433760 Well a whole lot of men who are also only office-going people, if they see
dihcNU3HnPu-00659-00433760-00434326 those muscular goons who are hanging around in the street corner, they will also feel...
dihcNU3HnPu-00660-00434326-00434656 all spirituality will go out of them.
dihcNU3HnPu-00661-00434656-00435260 They will also feel the survival instinct will come up, because this is natural for everybody,
dihcNU3HnPu-00662-00435260-00435908 but because a woman is vulnerable in many different ways, because of that,
dihcNU3HnPu-00663-00435908-00436466 it is absolutely important to create societies where
dihcNU3HnPu-00664-00436466-00436988 there is no physical threat to her existence, or her basic dignity.
dihcNU3HnPu-00665-00436988-00437639 If this is taken care of, well, survival instinct functions the same way in everybody.
dihcNU3HnPu-00666-00437639-00439035 Actually, I've always noticed in the initial parts of spiritual growth, women always take very rapid steps.
dihcNU3HnPu-00667-00439035-00439985 Men are, you know, they'e trying to put two plus two together, but their mathematics is not...
dihcNU3HnPu-00668-00439985-00440396 mathematical knowledge is not helping them how to put two plus two together,
dihcNU3HnPu-00669-00440396-00440734 they keep struggling, struggling, struggling.
dihcNU3HnPu-00670-00440734-00441406 But they will come to a mid-range, and women, they'll get little distracted here and there.
dihcNU3HnPu-00671-00441406-00441693 This happened with Gauthama.
dihcNU3HnPu-00672-00441693-00442070 You... What's her name?
dihcNU3HnPu-00673-00442070-00442246 It's a beautiful name.
dihcNU3HnPu-00674-00442246-00442672 What's Gauthama's woman disciple? What's her name?
dihcNU3HnPu-00675-00442672-00442930 Sangha, Sanghamitra.
dihcNU3HnPu-00676-00442930-00443522 So Sanghamitra argued with Gauthama, "Why don't you let women into the monk hood?
dihcNU3HnPu-00677-00443522-00443818 They should also become monks.
dihcNU3HnPu-00678-00443818-00444624 Gauthama, you know, he's not... he's not on the social media, he was not.
dihcNU3HnPu-00679-00444624-00444943 He is unconcerned about other people's opinions.
dihcNU3HnPu-00680-00444943-00446176 So he said, "See, if I have only male monks, this order will live for 2500 years.
dihcNU3HnPu-00681-00446176-00446408 That's what I'm planning.
dihcNU3HnPu-00682-00446408-00446782 We've reached 2500 years now, still alive.
dihcNU3HnPu-00683-00446782-00447342 But if I allow women, it will die in five-hundred years."
dihcNU3HnPu-00684-00447342-00447600 So she asked" Why is that?"
dihcNU3HnPu-00685-00447600-00448138 Then he said,
dihcNU3HnPu-00686-00448138-00448984 "If only male... male monks are here, you can always have them attracted towards the Buddhahood,
dihcNU3HnPu-00687-00448984-00449272 that means a quality.
dihcNU3HnPu-00688-00449272-00449685 But if you allow the female here,
dihcNU3HnPu-00689-00449685-00450470 initially she will go for the Buddhahood, then she will want to go for the Buddha."
dihcNU3HnPu-00690-00450470-00451197 So to make her cross that middle step, it's a bit of hard work.
dihcNU3HnPu-00691-00451197-00451643 But if she crosses that, then when it comes to a sense of abandon,
dihcNU3HnPu-00692-00451643-00452146 a woman has a larger sense of abandon than a man. It takes much more for a man
dihcNU3HnPu-00693-00452146-00452582 to come to a sense of abandon, because when he comes to that place,
dihcNU3HnPu-00694-00452582-00453252 his sense of self-preservation is stronger than a female thing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00695-00453252-00453839 The moment the woman feels well-protected, she easily comes to a sense of abandon.
dihcNU3HnPu-00696-00453839-00454310 See, just see traditionally what's been happening or even now.
dihcNU3HnPu-00697-00454310-00455106 You do one thing, you get a man married and send him to his in-laws' house to live there.
dihcNU3HnPu-00698-00455106-00455478 You will see how he will struggle,
dihcNU3HnPu-00699-00455478-00456135 because he cannot make himself a part of anything, he has to be like that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00700-00456135-00456785 She goes there, if they're nice, she becomes a part of that home absolutely.
dihcNU3HnPu-00701-00456785-00457188 More a part of that home than the people who are living there till now.
dihcNU3HnPu-00702-00457188-00457368 Yes, she will,
dihcNU3HnPu-00703-00457368-00457970 because she has a sense of wiping off her boundaries and becoming a part of what she involves herself in.
dihcNU3HnPu-00704-00457970-00458556 So it is a wrong way to look at it. It is just the physical vulnerability is definitely higher in a woman.
dihcNU3HnPu-00705-00458556-00459682 So creating societies where that is not being exploited is most important.
dihcNU3HnPu-00706-00459682-00460147 It is because of this physical vulnerability this whole...
dihcNU3HnPu-00707-00460147-00460538 all kinds of humor around in the world going on
dihcNU3HnPu-00708-00460538-00461002 about how a woman will always lie about her age and things like that.
dihcNU3HnPu-00709-00461002-00461346 This happened.
dihcNU3HnPu-00710-00461346-00462570 I think it's time we create a female version of Shankaran Pillai.
dihcNU3HnPu-00711-00462570-00462850 Okay she went to a casino.
dihcNU3HnPu-00712-00462850-00463502 She has no name yet.
dihcNU3HnPu-00713-00463502-00464150 She went to a casino and she kept on... in the... in the roulette she she kept on losing.
dihcNU3HnPu-00714-00464150-00464654 Then the guy who was running the thing, he said, "I've seen this work many times.
dihcNU3HnPu-00715-00464654-00465126 Why don't you bet your age?"
dihcNU3HnPu-00716-00465126-00465346 She said, "Okay, twenty-nine."
dihcNU3HnPu-00717-00465346-00465792 She put it, and then the roulette stopped on forty-two.
dihcNU3HnPu-00718-00465792-00466370 She just fainted.
dihcNU3HnPu-00719-00466843-00467602 Because age is vulnerability, physical vulnerability, that's why.
dihcNU3HnPu-00720-00467976-00468826 Sadhguru chants Yoga Yoga Yogeshwaraya
dkjmK6Vs2AI-00000-00000000-00000463 One Piece   Why Reiju Back Hurt Purpose Of What Is This The Story General
dl6ERtgcCYY-00000-00001250-00001314 What is your opinion about this video?
e5q1HbWxh18-00000-00000040-00000513 My main duties in radiology is I prepare patients for procedures.
e5q1HbWxh18-00001-00000513-00000700 I comfort them when necessary.
e5q1HbWxh18-00002-00000700-00000961 Oftentimes, I'm in the room giving sedation
e5q1HbWxh18-00003-00000961-00001298 to keep the patients comfortable and pain free.
e5q1HbWxh18-00004-00001298-00001594 My duties in the firehouse, I'm responsible to plan out
e5q1HbWxh18-00005-00001594-00001731 the daily activities.
e5q1HbWxh18-00006-00001731-00002048 I'm usually the - sitting commander on most of our alarms,
e5q1HbWxh18-00007-00002048-00002362 and even on the larger alarms, I'm responsible for my crew,
e5q1HbWxh18-00008-00002362-00002672 that they perform certain tactical tasks that are required
e5q1HbWxh18-00009-00002672-00002862 to make the operation go well.
e5q1HbWxh18-00010-00002862-00003103 And when people find out I do both jobs,
e5q1HbWxh18-00011-00003103-00003373 most people are kind of surprised because they seem like
e5q1HbWxh18-00012-00003373-00003633 two full-time type careers.
e5q1HbWxh18-00013-00003633-00003833 Yeah, I think most people think it's pretty cool that I do both.
e5q1HbWxh18-00014-00004037-00004220 Good thing that I do both jobs.
e5q1HbWxh18-00015-00004220-00004534 There was one time while I was on duty as a firefighter,
e5q1HbWxh18-00016-00004534-00004794 we delivered triplets.
e5q1HbWxh18-00017-00004794-00005005 We went to the home right down the street.
e5q1HbWxh18-00018-00005005-00005271 First baby was out and then we delivered the second two babies
e5q1HbWxh18-00019-00005271-00005462 and got them in the ambulance.
e5q1HbWxh18-00020-00005462-00005672 I was currently working in the emergency room so everybody
e5q1HbWxh18-00021-00005672-00006032 knew me, and I was riding on the gurney doing CPR on the baby.
e5q1HbWxh18-00022-00006032-00006299 It's a little nerve-racking because you're working on a
e5q1HbWxh18-00023-00006299-00006549 child that's very small and you realize you do have children
e5q1HbWxh18-00024-00006549-00006823 of your own and how important this small child must be
e5q1HbWxh18-00025-00006823-00006950 to their new parents.
e5q1HbWxh18-00026-00006950-00007167 But you do what you're trained to do.
e5q1HbWxh18-00027-00007167-00007400 Take a breath and everyone is relying on you
e5q1HbWxh18-00028-00007400-00007567 to give quality care.
e5q1HbWxh18-00029-00007567-00007817 We got through to Kaiser and from what I understand,
e5q1HbWxh18-00030-00007817-00008084 Kaiser gave them excellent care and they all survived.
e5q1HbWxh18-00031-00008308-00008692 Being a firefighter and an RN, we always put
e5q1HbWxh18-00032-00008692-00008885 other people's needs before our own.
e5q1HbWxh18-00033-00008885-00009172 In firefighting, we're the people running into the fire
e5q1HbWxh18-00034-00009172-00009312 when everyone is running away.
e5q1HbWxh18-00035-00009312-00009532 We're the people helping them when they're injured.
e5q1HbWxh18-00036-00009532-00009699 It's the same thing with RN.
e5q1HbWxh18-00037-00009699-00009866 I'm always there for patient care.
e5q1HbWxh18-00038-00009866-00010070 The compassion I learned at the hospital,
e5q1HbWxh18-00039-00010070-00010367 I can bring to the fire house during our medical calls,
e5q1HbWxh18-00040-00010367-00010880 and both jobs allow me to get better at taking care of people.
e5q1HbWxh18-00041-00010880-00011004 Hi, my name is Blaine Shimizu.
e5q1HbWxh18-00042-00011004-00011304 I've been a firefighter for 24 years.
e5q1HbWxh18-00043-00011304-00011571 I've been a registered nurse for 15 years,
e5q1HbWxh18-00044-00011571-00011905 and I'm happy to say I've been a Kaiser member and employee
e5q1HbWxh18-00045-00011905-00012112 for the last four years.
e7cEEjjWcOy-00000-00000567-00001115 's Chris Jackson explained that Queen can go whole event without smiling
e7cEEjjWcOy-00001-00001232-00001819 Meanwhile, Prince Harry's affectionate nature can make it hard to capture faces
e7cEEjjWcOy-00002-00001936-00002516 Chris hopes to photograph Harry and Meghan leaving St George's Chapel in May
e7cEEjjWcOy-00003-00002633-00003558 He's captured dozens of special royal moments over the years - from Kate and William's wedding day to Harry and Meghan's more recent engagement announcement
e7cEEjjWcOy-00004-00003675-00004696 But now, 's royal photographer Chris Jackson has  why members of the royal family don't always make his job easy - in particular, Her Majesty the Queen.
e7cEEjjWcOy-00005-00004813-00006067 The 38-year-old, who is married to the Duchess of Cambridge's stylist Natasha Archer, explained how the 91-year-old monarch 'can go a whole event where she's not smiling', making it hard to get that money shot
e7cEEjjWcOy-00006-00006184-00007239 Meanwhile, 'touchy feely' Prince Harry's love of hugging is not always a good thing from Chris's point of view, as it makes it trickier for the photographer to capture people's faces.
e7cEEjjWcOy-00007-00007356-00008574 Speaking in an interview with theHuffington Post, the photographer explained how getting a good picture can often be down to luck, although members of the royal family can sometimes make his life more difficult.
e7cEEjjWcOy-00008-00008691-00009379 Discussing photographing the Queen at official engagements, Chris said: 'She's not always smiling
e7cEEjjWcOy-00009-00009496-00009960 In fact, you can go a whole event where she's not smiling
e7cEEjjWcOy-00010-00010077-00010503 She doesn't always make it easy for you But I like that.'
e7cEEjjWcOy-00011-00010620-00011509 He said that recently engaged Harry, 33, meanwhile can also be tricky to photograph due to how 'touchy feely' he is.
e7cEEjjWcOy-00012-00011626-00012441 'He's a big hugger, wherever he goes...You have to be quick off the draw to capture those,' Chris explained.
e7cEEjjWcOy-00013-00012558-00013113 'They're all wonderful and lovely but you do have to be able to see people's faces a bit.' 
e7cEEjjWcOy-00014-00013231-00014411 Chris also added that he is looking forward to photographing Harry and Meghan on their wedding day in May, explaining how he hopes to capture the moment they leave St George's Chapel as husband and wife
e7cEEjjWcOy-00015-00014528-00015696 The photographer, who has been capturing members of the royal family for nearly 14 years, previously got the money shot of Kate and William leaving Westminster Abbey back in 2011.
e7cEEjjWcOy-00016-00015813-00016707 Earlier this year, Chris  his favourite royal photographs from last year, which included Prince George's first day at school in September
e7cEEjjWcOy-00017-00016824-00017836 Speaking about capturing the special moment, he told FEMAIL: '[It was] One of my favourite photos I've taken this year, and very special to have been asked to take it
e7cEEjjWcOy-00018-00017953-00019332 'The first day of school is a big moment for both parents and children alike and it was great to see little Prince George with such a big smile on his face as he stood next to his father, the Duke of Cambridge ahead of their first school run together.' 
e7cEEjjWcOy-00019-00019449-00020341 He added: 'My favourite story of recent weeks was that Prince George had played the sheep in the school nativity play, I bet he enjoyed it!' 
ero1tNpmkX4-00000-00000696-00000931 >> My name is Dr. Holly Catalfamo.
ero1tNpmkX4-00001-00000931-00001648 And I coordinate the Human Resources Management Graduate Certificate and the Bachelor of Business
ero1tNpmkX4-00002-00001648-00002068 Administration Human Resources degree programs at Niagara College.
ero1tNpmkX4-00003-00002068-00002432 I've been here about 14 years.
ero1tNpmkX4-00004-00002432-00003019 And I've been in a coordinator role for approximately 12 of those years.
ero1tNpmkX4-00005-00003019-00003844 And much of my time is spent working with my students to support them from a transition
ero1tNpmkX4-00006-00003844-00003964 to employment.
ero1tNpmkX4-00007-00003964-00004457 The broad strategy within the School of Business and Management and also specifically within
ero1tNpmkX4-00008-00004457-00004835 the human resources programs is all about industry connections.
ero1tNpmkX4-00009-00004835-00005569 And, as I said, we're always looking for opportunities to involve industry not only in the classroom
ero1tNpmkX4-00010-00005569-00005746 but external to the classroom.
ero1tNpmkX4-00011-00005746-00005994 So it could involve course-based projects.
ero1tNpmkX4-00012-00005994-00006473 It could involve our -- having a guest speaker in like I did last night.
ero1tNpmkX4-00013-00006473-00006920 We were able to have one of the best employment lawyers in the Niagara Peninsula come in and
ero1tNpmkX4-00014-00006920-00007136 speak to over 40 HR students.
ero1tNpmkX4-00015-00007136-00007720 Or it can be through preparing and coaching and mentoring students for their internship
ero1tNpmkX4-00016-00007720-00008036 or co-op experiences.
ero1tNpmkX4-00017-00008036-00008592 Several years ago now, I'm going to say about four years ago, I had the opportunity through
ero1tNpmkX4-00018-00008592-00009090 our international department to connect with a Jamaican businessman.
ero1tNpmkX4-00019-00009090-00009728 And his name is Christopher Ramson who owns an import/export business and manufacturing
ero1tNpmkX4-00020-00009728-00010289 facility in Kingston and in the Montego Bay area.
ero1tNpmkX4-00021-00010289-00010936 And it occurred to me and my colleague in the international department -- we're doing
ero1tNpmkX4-00022-00010936-00011492 some really cool things in terms of course-based applied projects or course-based research
ero1tNpmkX4-00023-00011492-00011625 projects.
ero1tNpmkX4-00024-00011625-00012167 Wouldn't it be a wonderful opportunity to connect with an international partner?
ero1tNpmkX4-00025-00012167-00012875 And through the connection with our international office, I made a -- built a relationship with
ero1tNpmkX4-00026-00012875-00012975 the company, Chas.
ero1tNpmkX4-00027-00012975-00013213 E. Ramson Company.
ero1tNpmkX4-00028-00013213-00014047 And my desire was to give my students an international experience without necessarily having to leave
ero1tNpmkX4-00029-00014047-00014272 the Niagara area.
ero1tNpmkX4-00030-00014272-00014469 Christopher was extremely excited.
ero1tNpmkX4-00031-00014469-00014569 He's the managing director.
ero1tNpmkX4-00032-00014569-00015180 He was extremely excited about the opportunity to work with a Canadian institution.
ero1tNpmkX4-00033-00015180-00015929 And through lots of e-mails and conference calls back and forth, we decided that my students
ero1tNpmkX4-00034-00015929-00016734 in the human resources program would design learning programs that would meet some of
ero1tNpmkX4-00035-00016734-00017061 the gaps that he had within his organization.
ero1tNpmkX4-00036-00017061-00017423 There is an instructional design process that we follow in training and development.
ero1tNpmkX4-00037-00017423-00017796 And one of the first steps is, of course, doing a needs assessment.
ero1tNpmkX4-00038-00017796-00018453 So we were able to, through Skype, bring Christopher into the classroom, have the students conduct
ero1tNpmkX4-00039-00018453-00019126 a needs assessment, identify various gaps within his organizations, and then over the
ero1tNpmkX4-00040-00019126-00019733 course of the term, students went off and designed learning modules with regular connections
ero1tNpmkX4-00041-00019733-00020099 with the partner, which is a very important part of the process.
ero1tNpmkX4-00042-00020099-00020572 My role being the coach and the mentor, making sure the students are on track.
ero1tNpmkX4-00043-00020572-00020851 So that was the first project that I did.
ero1tNpmkX4-00044-00020851-00021433 And as we ended the end of the term or towards the end of the term, Christopher and I got
ero1tNpmkX4-00045-00021433-00021533 to talking.
ero1tNpmkX4-00046-00021533-00022006 And we thought wouldn't it be wonderful if one of our HR students could actually go to
ero1tNpmkX4-00047-00022006-00022733 Jamaica as part of their internship requirement, which is a 300 hour internship, and support
ero1tNpmkX4-00048-00022733-00023431 the business to actually implement the course-based projects, to move these training programs
ero1tNpmkX4-00049-00023431-00023618 forward.
ero1tNpmkX4-00050-00023618-00023891 And we were both very enthusiastic about it.
ero1tNpmkX4-00051-00023891-00024337 And I put it out to the students and said hey, who's -- you know, this is something
ero1tNpmkX4-00052-00024337-00024530 that some of you might be interested in.
ero1tNpmkX4-00053-00024530-00025133 And with the support of our international department, we were able to go through a recruitment
ero1tNpmkX4-00054-00025133-00025233 process.
ero1tNpmkX4-00055-00025233-00025639 We are HR professionals so we want to make sure that we follow the processes appropriately.
ero1tNpmkX4-00056-00025639-00025860 And we identified individuals.
ero1tNpmkX4-00057-00025860-00026687 We had two individuals that were to go down and actually work on implementing the process,
ero1tNpmkX4-00058-00026687-00027337 supporting their HR programs and policies and procedures, and it was an absolutely amazing
ero1tNpmkX4-00059-00027337-00027537 experience for everybody.
ero1tNpmkX4-00060-00027537-00028433 So the plan is to continue to work internationally with project partners.
ero1tNpmkX4-00061-00028433-00028941 I had the experience prior to the Jamaica experience.
ero1tNpmkX4-00062-00028941-00030008 I was working with a group of Brazilian researchers in various locations in Brazil on a research
ero1tNpmkX4-00063-00030008-00030205 evaluation project.
ero1tNpmkX4-00064-00030205-00030937 And I had brought my students, at that point, to work on a project for our Brazilian partners
ero1tNpmkX4-00065-00030937-00031286 as well as a course-based project.
ero1tNpmkX4-00066-00031286-00031590 We didn't have -- it was sort of in its infancy.
ero1tNpmkX4-00067-00031590-00031862 So I had done that before and I knew that it had great potential.
ero1tNpmkX4-00068-00031862-00032518 So after I had worked with Christopher and had such an amazing experience and the student
ero1tNpmkX4-00069-00032518-00033159 had an amazing experience, he actually referred me to another one of his colleagues, another
ero1tNpmkX4-00070-00033159-00033450 food company which is called Walkerswood.
ero1tNpmkX4-00071-00033450-00033847 They manufacture jerk sauces and chutneys and things like that.
ero1tNpmkX4-00072-00033847-00034491 And so we did it the following year with Christopher also as a project partner but also with the
ero1tNpmkX4-00073-00034491-00034637 Walkerswood family.
ero1tNpmkX4-00074-00034637-00034909 And we did that for a couple of years.
ero1tNpmkX4-00075-00034909-00035446 So, yes, the intention for me is to continue wherever possible and as it fits with the
ero1tNpmkX4-00076-00035446-00036211 curriculum to integrate not only course-based projects with internships but adding that
ero1tNpmkX4-00077-00036211-00037038 international component because as we know, our students are global citizens.
ero1tNpmkX4-00078-00037038-00037894 Intercultural competency and the ability to relate effectively with people across the
ero1tNpmkX4-00079-00037894-00038369 world will absolutely set them up for success when they become graduates.
ero1tNpmkX4-00080-00038369-00038658 There are, sort of, two different pieces here.
ero1tNpmkX4-00081-00038658-00039134 The one assessment would be related to the project itself.
ero1tNpmkX4-00082-00039134-00039480 And it's a big deal.
ero1tNpmkX4-00083-00039480-00039894 Like, it's a big project for students.
ero1tNpmkX4-00084-00039894-00040768 So the assessment starts the day classes start, if you will, in terms of formulating expectations,
ero1tNpmkX4-00085-00040768-00041513 linking the expectations with respect to the deliverables right back to the learning objectives
ero1tNpmkX4-00086-00041513-00042141 and the vocational learning outcomes that are set forth in the course outline and making
ero1tNpmkX4-00087-00042141-00042778 sure that they understand that at the end of this process, it's extremely important
ero1tNpmkX4-00088-00042778-00043397 for them to understand that they're working towards the ultimate goal of fulfilling these
ero1tNpmkX4-00089-00043397-00043668 learning outcomes.
ero1tNpmkX4-00090-00043668-00044421 So when I say the assessment starts day one, I think setting super clear expectations for
ero1tNpmkX4-00091-00044421-00044872 not only the students but for the industry partners and for me as the coach and the mentor
ero1tNpmkX4-00092-00044872-00045112 along the way.
ero1tNpmkX4-00093-00045112-00046130 What I've integrated into the process is a staged approach to the project, so a phase
ero1tNpmkX4-00094-00046130-00046856 one, phase two, phase three where I'm able to do milestone checks that are part of the
ero1tNpmkX4-00095-00046856-00047916 assessment mechanism so that I can see where they're at and give them direct concrete feedback,
ero1tNpmkX4-00096-00047916-00048265 like I said, at three stages during the process.
ero1tNpmkX4-00097-00048265-00048930 And that has been invaluable in terms of catching people who are sort of going off the rails
ero1tNpmkX4-00098-00048930-00049309 a little bit and bringing them back on.
ero1tNpmkX4-00099-00049309-00050108 At the end of the experience, we have -- in general, we have our industry partners participate
ero1tNpmkX4-00100-00050108-00050740 in the culminating experience which is where the learning modules that the students are
ero1tNpmkX4-00101-00050740-00051052 developing are shared with the industry partner.
ero1tNpmkX4-00102-00051052-00051982 I have the students involved in the -- providing anecdotal assessment with respect to one another's
ero1tNpmkX4-00103-00051982-00052933 projects so that they are able to learn that skill in terms of how they can provide feedback
ero1tNpmkX4-00104-00052933-00053803 to one another in a safe and respectful environment and in terms of assessing the project as a
ero1tNpmkX4-00105-00053803-00054635 whole, it's not only the content piece -- of course, the quality of the output is evaluated
ero1tNpmkX4-00106-00054635-00055283 vis-a-vis the learning outcomes but also the team process is assessed throughout.
ero1tNpmkX4-00107-00055283-00056115 Students are asked to conduct a reflective summary of the experience, which is generally
ero1tNpmkX4-00108-00056115-00056984 a one to two page summary with key questions about how the process has helped them to evolve
ero1tNpmkX4-00109-00056984-00057087 as professionals.
esvHzvM8YPI-00000-00001030-00001551 Mather's social gathering is described by its operators as a social gathering
esvHzvM8YPI-00001-00001551-00002238 place, but it also serves cocktails, classic cocktails, beer, wine, and small
esvHzvM8YPI-00002-00002238-00002685 plates and it's actually meant to be more of a high-end speakeasy.
esvHzvM8YPI-00003-00002685-00003222 The bigger building is two floors, and the Mather's Social Gathering will be on the
esvHzvM8YPI-00004-00003222-00003622 second floor. They said they're trying to get some other Orlando
esvHzvM8YPI-00005-00003622-00004068 operators interested in doing something on the first floor. The building next to
esvHzvM8YPI-00006-00004068-00004539 it was known as the Ann Teague Bonding Agency.  That's three stories but it's very
esvHzvM8YPI-00007-00004539-00005355 narrow and while the Team Market Group wants to use that for their own offices right now.
esvHzvM8YPI-00008-00005355-00005405 The social gathering in Orlando, the
esvHzvM8YPI-00009-00005405-00005862 Mathers Social Gathering is in an old laundry building. Very similar, and it's
esvHzvM8YPI-00010-00005862-00006375 very popular. They look for historic buildings or historic underused
esvHzvM8YPI-00011-00006375-00006867 properties and they come in and they renovate those and they operate them or
esvHzvM8YPI-00012-00006867-00007166 they may lease them out.
evlmtkkKNp8-00000-00000000-00000624 the Adelie penguin Pica Silas adeli is a species of penguin that lives along the Antarctic coast
evlmtkkKNp8-00001-00000624-00001176 and nearby Islands they are small in size with black and white plumage and a distinctive pink
evlmtkkKNp8-00002-00001176-00001776 patch above their eyes known as the eyebrow Adelie penguins are social birds and form large colonies
evlmtkkKNp8-00003-00001776-00002244 during the breeding season they engage in courtship behaviors such as vocalizations
evlmtkkKNp8-00004-00002244-00002856 displays of physical strength and gift giving their diet mainly consists of krill and fish
evlmtkkKNp8-00005-00002856-00003461 they are also excellent swimmers and diverse capable of reaching depths of up to 150 meters
evlmtkkKNp8-00006-00003461-00004002 while foraging for food Adelie penguins are an important indicator species for the health of
evlmtkkKNp8-00007-00004002-00004602 the Antarctic ecosystem but their populations are facing threats from climate change overfishing and
evlmtkkKNp8-00008-00004602-00005322 pollution conservation efforts are necessary to ensure their survival in the wild 
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00000-00000010-00000273 BEFORE 10:00 A.M. ON WEDNESDAY.
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00001-00000273-00000280 BEFORE 10:00 A.M. ON WEDNESDAY.  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00002-00000280-00000353 BEFORE 10:00 A.M. ON WEDNESDAY. A LAMP-POST PAINTING PROJECT
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00003-00000353-00000360 BEFORE 10:00 A.M. ON WEDNESDAY. A LAMP-POST PAINTING PROJECT  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00004-00000360-00000577 BEFORE 10:00 A.M. ON WEDNESDAY. A LAMP-POST PAINTING PROJECT CAUSED STAND STILL TRAFFIC IN
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00005-00000577-00000583 A LAMP-POST PAINTING PROJECT CAUSED STAND STILL TRAFFIC IN  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00006-00000583-00001117 A LAMP-POST PAINTING PROJECT CAUSED STAND STILL TRAFFIC IN BEMIDJI ON WEDNESDAY AFTERNOO
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00007-00001117-00001124 CAUSED STAND STILL TRAFFIC IN BEMIDJI ON WEDNESDAY AFTERNOO  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00008-00001124-00001214 CAUSED STAND STILL TRAFFIC IN BEMIDJI ON WEDNESDAY AFTERNOO >> Dennis: AND THAT CADE THE
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00009-00001214-00001221 BEMIDJI ON WEDNESDAY AFTERNOO >> Dennis: AND THAT CADE THE  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00010-00001221-00001658 BEMIDJI ON WEDNESDAY AFTERNOO >> Dennis: AND THAT CADE THE CITY OF BEMIDJI TO UPDATE ITS
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00011-00001658-00001664 >> Dennis: AND THAT CADE THE CITY OF BEMIDJI TO UPDATE ITS  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00012-00001664-00001795 >> Dennis: AND THAT CADE THE CITY OF BEMIDJI TO UPDATE ITS POLICIES.
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00013-00001795-00001801 CITY OF BEMIDJI TO UPDATE ITS POLICIES.  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00014-00001801-00001871 CITY OF BEMIDJI TO UPDATE ITS POLICIES. CREWS HAD NARROWED A SOUTHBOUND
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00015-00001871-00001878 POLICIES. CREWS HAD NARROWED A SOUTHBOUND  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00016-00001878-00001938 POLICIES. CREWS HAD NARROWED A SOUTHBOUND PORTION OF PAUL BUNYAN DRIVE
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00017-00001938-00001945 CREWS HAD NARROWED A SOUTHBOUND PORTION OF PAUL BUNYAN DRIVE  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00018-00001945-00002005 CREWS HAD NARROWED A SOUTHBOUND PORTION OF PAUL BUNYAN DRIVE DOWN TO ONE LANE IN ORDER TO
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00019-00002005-00002012 PORTION OF PAUL BUNYAN DRIVE DOWN TO ONE LANE IN ORDER TO  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00020-00002012-00002058 PORTION OF PAUL BUNYAN DRIVE DOWN TO ONE LANE IN ORDER TO WORK ON THE PROJECT.
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00021-00002058-00002065 DOWN TO ONE LANE IN ORDER TO WORK ON THE PROJECT.  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00022-00002065-00002449 DOWN TO ONE LANE IN ORDER TO WORK ON THE PROJECT. THE CITY SAYS THE LANE CLOSURE
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00023-00002449-00002455 WORK ON THE PROJECT. THE CITY SAYS THE LANE CLOSURE  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00024-00002455-00002509 WORK ON THE PROJECT. THE CITY SAYS THE LANE CLOSURE ON TOP OF THE BYPASS AND
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00025-00002509-00002515 THE CITY SAYS THE LANE CLOSURE ON TOP OF THE BYPASS AND  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00026-00002515-00002592 THE CITY SAYS THE LANE CLOSURE ON TOP OF THE BYPASS AND DIVISION STREET DETOURS CAUSED
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00027-00002592-00002599 ON TOP OF THE BYPASS AND DIVISION STREET DETOURS CAUSED  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00028-00002599-00002909 ON TOP OF THE BYPASS AND DIVISION STREET DETOURS CAUSED THE TRAFFIC TO OCCUR.
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00029-00002909-00002916 DIVISION STREET DETOURS CAUSED THE TRAFFIC TO OCCUR.  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00030-00002916-00002986 DIVISION STREET DETOURS CAUSED THE TRAFFIC TO OCCUR. NOW, CREW MEMBERS WILL NO LONGER
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00031-00002986-00002992 THE TRAFFIC TO OCCUR. NOW, CREW MEMBERS WILL NO LONGER  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00032-00002992-00003276 THE TRAFFIC TO OCCUR. NOW, CREW MEMBERS WILL NO LONGER BE ABLE TO CLOSE DOWN TO
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00033-00003276-00003283 NOW, CREW MEMBERS WILL NO LONGER BE ABLE TO CLOSE DOWN TO  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00034-00003283-00003717 NOW, CREW MEMBERS WILL NO LONGER BE ABLE TO CLOSE DOWN TO LANE AFTER 3:30.
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00035-00003717-00003723 BE ABLE TO CLOSE DOWN TO LANE AFTER 3:30.  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00036-00003723-00004050 BE ABLE TO CLOSE DOWN TO LANE AFTER 3:30. >> THERE'S TREMENDOUS TRAFFIC
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00037-00004050-00004057 LANE AFTER 3:30. >> THERE'S TREMENDOUS TRAFFIC  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00038-00004057-00004184 LANE AFTER 3:30. >> THERE'S TREMENDOUS TRAFFIC BACKUP DOWNTOWN HERE, AND THAT
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00039-00004184-00004190 >> THERE'S TREMENDOUS TRAFFIC BACKUP DOWNTOWN HERE, AND THAT  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00040-00004190-00004401 >> THERE'S TREMENDOUS TRAFFIC BACKUP DOWNTOWN HERE, AND THAT PARTICULAR SECTION OF ROADWAY
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00041-00004401-00004407 BACKUP DOWNTOWN HERE, AND THAT PARTICULAR SECTION OF ROADWAY  
ewgYf3j9i7Y-00042-00004407-00004771 BACKUP DOWNTOWN HERE, AND THAT PARTICULAR SECTION OF ROADWAY WILL BE UNDER CONSTRUCTION.
exnheoww8B4-00000-00000000-00000200 Hi, it's Yosuke Awata.
exnheoww8B4-00001-00000200-00000567 Today, I'll talk about how to create artworks
exnheoww8B4-00002-00000567-00000899 with your imagination and your own style.
exnheoww8B4-00003-00000899-00001106 I'll also demonstrate it.
exnheoww8B4-00004-00001550-00002069 Some people can copy but can't paint with own imagination.
exnheoww8B4-00005-00002069-00002544 I found that on internet and thought was interesting.
exnheoww8B4-00006-00002544-00002958 When I was in college, I took children's book illustration class.
exnheoww8B4-00007-00002958-00003375 At that class, there was a field trip to zoo
exnheoww8B4-00008-00003375-00003943 for sketching animals and create our own animal caricatures.
exnheoww8B4-00009-00003943-00004377 I forgot the reason, but I didn't go.
exnheoww8B4-00010-00004377-00004668 But I had been sketching my own
exnheoww8B4-00011-00004668-00005062 and created my own caricatures many times.
exnheoww8B4-00012-00005062-00005341 So I know that's great way.
exnheoww8B4-00013-00005341-00005662 This practice works for anything like
exnheoww8B4-00014-00005662-00006026 animals, people, still life or landscapes.
exnheoww8B4-00015-00006026-00006483 It's one of good way to learn unrealistic style
exnheoww8B4-00016-00006483-00006732 from other artists' works,
exnheoww8B4-00017-00006732-00007035 But I don't think that good way
exnheoww8B4-00018-00007035-00007299 for people only can copy.
exnheoww8B4-00019-00007299-00007738 Copy means looking at other artists' work
exnheoww8B4-00020-00007738-00008059 and painting exactly the same.
exnheoww8B4-00021-00008059-00008604 Copying is good way to learn how the artist painted
exnheoww8B4-00022-00008604-00008913 and why the artwork is great.
exnheoww8B4-00023-00008913-00009304 I thing copying is good practice for skills, 
exnheoww8B4-00024-00009304-00009594 but no matter how good we can copy,
exnheoww8B4-00025-00009594-00010032 once we showed it to the world that's stilling ideas.
exnheoww8B4-00026-00010032-00010461 So, we have to come up our own ideas.
exnheoww8B4-00027-00010461-00010907 So, not getting ideas out of other artists work,
exnheoww8B4-00028-00010907-00011254 designing new shapes out of sketching
exnheoww8B4-00029-00011254-00011796 real people, animals, still life, landscapes or anything,
exnheoww8B4-00030-00011796-00011986 you create yourself.
exnheoww8B4-00031-00011986-00012472 You create your own style with your own imagination.
exnheoww8B4-00032-00012897-00013288 Sketching, but we don't need to draw realistic.
exnheoww8B4-00033-00013288-00013744 What we need is understanding characters of the motifs.
exnheoww8B4-00034-00013744-00013950 By looking at real model,
exnheoww8B4-00035-00013950-00014263 we might notice what most people miss.
exnheoww8B4-00036-00014263-00014591 Good chance to discover our own ideas.
exnheoww8B4-00037-00014591-00015019 If it's difficult to find real models, photograph is okay,
exnheoww8B4-00038-00015019-00015493 but if possible real is better because we discover more details.
exnheoww8B4-00039-00015493-00015992 Well, I have two cats, so I'll ask them to be models.
exnheoww8B4-00040-00016106-00016466 She has a wide mouth with round cheeks.
exnheoww8B4-00041-00016466-00017005 By looking at a real cat, I notice that kind of things.
exnheoww8B4-00042-00017005-00017459 Unrealistically, I draw her mouth and cheeks
exnheoww8B4-00043-00017459-00017710 bigger than how I see.
exnheoww8B4-00044-00017781-00018163 Now I change the shapes a little more.
exnheoww8B4-00045-00018236-00018791 Out of the two sketches, I came up something like this.
exnheoww8B4-00046-00018846-00019221 Now I'll draw the other cat.
exnheoww8B4-00047-00019344-00019764 She has a smaller mouth than the other cat,
exnheoww8B4-00048-00019764-00020085 but there are more to see.
exnheoww8B4-00049-00020085-00020589 Making drawings look like the model is one way,
exnheoww8B4-00050-00020589-00020912 but even not looking like the model,
exnheoww8B4-00051-00020912-00021396 it's also good to create unique and interesting styles
exnheoww8B4-00052-00021396-00021648 I keep drawing,
exnheoww8B4-00053-00021648-00022256 but I like the third one as her portrait.
exnheoww8B4-00054-00022256-00022652 We can finish up one we like,
exnheoww8B4-00055-00022652-00023240 or we can also create more out of the idea.
exnheoww8B4-00056-00023323-00023788 You saw how I drew, but it was just an example.
exnheoww8B4-00057-00023788-00024356 That is how I draw now, but every body draws differently.
exnheoww8B4-00058-00024356-00024870 I also drew differently twenty or thirty years ago,
exnheoww8B4-00059-00024870-00025213 so you can draw many way you want!
exnheoww8B4-00060-00025213-00025843 Sketching and designing is one of way to create own styles.
exnheoww8B4-00061-00025843-00026355 And, I'd like to talk about another way I discovered.
exnheoww8B4-00062-00026654-00027119 There is the famous sculpture "Imaginary Elephant" in Japan.
exnheoww8B4-00063-00027119-00027348 Elephants are not originally in Japan,
exnheoww8B4-00064-00027348-00027763 but "Imaginary Elephant" was made by the sculptor never seen them
exnheoww8B4-00065-00027763-00028250 heard story from someone went foreign country.
exnheoww8B4-00066-00028250-00028841 It looks different from real elephant but is big and has a long trunk.
exnheoww8B4-00067-00028841-00029343 I learned at elementary school and thought very interested,
exnheoww8B4-00068-00029343-00029555 and I still think so now.
exnheoww8B4-00069-00029555-00029885 I think artworks look like created by
exnheoww8B4-00070-00029885-00030364 someone never seen the real motif can be interesting,
exnheoww8B4-00071-00030364-00030644 so I paint like that sometimes.
exnheoww8B4-00072-00030644-00031037 I drew 2 cats' like portraits earlier,
exnheoww8B4-00073-00031037-00031639 but I also drew the brown cat like an imaginary cat.
exnheoww8B4-00074-00031639-00032229 This is a cat with a small mouth and a big fluffy  tail,
exnheoww8B4-00075-00032229-00032679 well, an animal that's hard to call a cat.
exnheoww8B4-00076-00032679-00032979 People might say t's not cat,
exnheoww8B4-00077-00032979-00033400 but I knew my cat very well and drew it,
exnheoww8B4-00078-00033400-00033673 so I could draw like this.
exnheoww8B4-00079-00033673-00034070 But no matter I know or never seen motif,
exnheoww8B4-00080-00034070-00034530 I just want to create interesting artworks.
exnheoww8B4-00081-00034530-00034936 We can express images from real objects
exnheoww8B4-00082-00034936-00035197 by sketching real models.
exnheoww8B4-00083-00035197-00035784 But we can create fun nonsense images either we sketch or not.
exnheoww8B4-00084-00035784-00036329 That way, we discover our creativities and uniqueness.
exnheoww8B4-00085-00036329-00036621 It's not an imaginary cat,
exnheoww8B4-00086-00036621-00037159 but I did an easy pen drawing of the other cat too.
exnheoww8B4-00087-00037159-00037342 Here it is.
exnheoww8B4-00088-00037342-00037753 A wide mouth, round eyes and long hair.
exnheoww8B4-00089-00037753-00038427 I also wanted to express her personalities and characters in it.
exnheoww8B4-00090-00038749-00039210 It takes long long time to create and our own art style
exnheoww8B4-00091-00039210-00039646 and make them more interesting by sketching and make
exnheoww8B4-00092-00039646-00040216 Well, some people can create their own style right away,
exnheoww8B4-00093-00040216-00040780 but some people keep drawing, studying and experimenting
exnheoww8B4-00094-00040780-00041295 and take long long time to discover own art styles.
exnheoww8B4-00095-00041295-00041566 I took many many years.
exnheoww8B4-00096-00041566-00041957 but, I've been making art for long time,
exnheoww8B4-00097-00041957-00042299 so I can get ideas pretty quick now.
exnheoww8B4-00098-00042299-00042759 So, you can take as much time as you need.
exnheoww8B4-00099-00042759-00043128 Some people reach their goals.
exnheoww8B4-00100-00043128-00043540 For me it's endless and is good!
exnheoww8B4-00101-00043540-00044018 We take as much time as we need!
exnheoww8B4-00102-00044018-00044590 We can satisfy with our own works even these are imperfect.
exnheoww8B4-00103-00044590-00044822 We will improve that way.
exnheoww8B4-00104-00044822-00045183 I will also improve in future,
exnheoww8B4-00105-00045183-00045576 so I'm imperfect in my long life.
exnheoww8B4-00106-00045576-00046035 but I satisfy every single artworks I made.
exnheoww8B4-00107-00046035-00046509 My current works are imperfect comparing to
exnheoww8B4-00108-00046509-00046906 my future works I haven't even seen.
exnheoww8B4-00109-00046906-00047273 but my current works are improved from
exnheoww8B4-00110-00047273-00047694 a year ago, a day ago and even an hour ago,
exnheoww8B4-00111-00047694-00048017 so these are the best of my life!
exnheoww8B4-00112-00048017-00048605 So I must satisfy with anything I created!
exnheoww8B4-00113-00048605-00049142 I introduce my artworks on my videos.
exnheoww8B4-00114-00049142-00049594 What is your art styles like or wish to make?
exnheoww8B4-00115-00049594-00050051 What kind of style you like if you don't make art?
exnheoww8B4-00116-00050051-00050377 Please tell me on comment field.
exnheoww8B4-00117-00050377-00050647 Well, that's it for today!
exnheoww8B4-00118-00050647-00051395 I'll be happy if you enjoy and hit a good Botton, comment and subscribe!
exnheoww8B4-00119-00051395-00051647 Thank you for watching!
exnheoww8B4-00120-00051647-00051923 See you next time! Bye bye!!
eAj9dWwOOJu-00000-00000000-00000401 Good day! Here are the results of the Lotto draws this morning, 4pm Feb 22 2019
eAj9dWwOOJu-00001-00000401-00000948 As an important reminder, please  do not share or entrust your tickets
eAj9dWwOOJu-00002-00000952-00001424 and you must be at least 18  years old to play the lottery
eAj9dWwOOJu-00003-00001812-00002366 EZ2 Lotto 4pm Feb 22 2019
eAj9dWwOOJu-00004-00002677-00003508 Suertres 4pm Feb 22 2019
eAj9dWwOOJu-00005-00003629-00005230 Pares 4pm Feb 22 2019 Swe3 4pm Feb 22 2019 2 Digits 4pm Feb 22 2019
eAj9dWwOOJu-00006-00005930-00006895 Congratulations to all the winner!
eAKQBPItaBM-00000-00000000-00000396 the law of attraction is a concept that suggests that by focusing on positive
eAKQBPItaBM-00001-00000396-00000990 thoughts and feelings you can attract positive experiences and outcomes into your life while the
eAKQBPItaBM-00002-00000990-00001494 Law of Attraction has been used to improve many aspects of life including relationships careers
eAKQBPItaBM-00003-00001494-00002004 and finances there is no scientific evidence to support its Effectiveness for weight loss
eAKQBPItaBM-00004-00002082-00002646 weight loss involves a combination of factors including diet exercise and lifestyle changes
eAKQBPItaBM-00005-00002724-00003215 while positive thinking and visualization can certainly help you stay motivated and focused on
eAKQBPItaBM-00006-00003215-00003720 your weight loss goals they are not a substitute for a healthy diet and regular physical activity
eAKQBPItaBM-00007-00003786-00004248 however it is worth noting that a positive mindset and self-belief can contribute to
eAKQBPItaBM-00008-00004248-00004794 making sustainable Lifestyle Changes When You Believe in your ability to make healthy choices
eAKQBPItaBM-00009-00004794-00005244 and reach your weight loss goals you are more likely to take action and make those choices
eAKQBPItaBM-00010-00005346-00005874 so while the Law of Attraction may not work as a standalone solution for weight loss incorporating
eAKQBPItaBM-00011-00005874-00006360 positive affirmations and visualization techniques into your weight loss Journey can certainly have
eAKQBPItaBM-00012-00006360-00006900 a positive impact on your mindset and overall well-being Law of Attraction for weight loss
eAKQBPItaBM-00013-00006900-00007326 here are some steps you can take if you want to apply this concept to your weight loss Journey
eAKQBPItaBM-00014-00007404-00007908 set clear intentions before you begin your weight loss Journey take some time to set clear
eAKQBPItaBM-00015-00007908-00008478 intentions for what you want to achieve visualize yourself at your ideal weight and imagine how
eAKQBPItaBM-00016-00008478-00009012 you will feel when you reach your goal use positive affirmations positive affirmations are
eAKQBPItaBM-00017-00009012-00009498 short positive statements that you can repeat to yourself to help reprogram your subconscious mind
eAKQBPItaBM-00018-00009588-00010104 some examples of positive affirmations for weight loss include I am healthy and fit I
eAKQBPItaBM-00019-00010104-00010596 make healthy choices that support my body and I am capable of reaching my weight loss goals
eAKQBPItaBM-00020-00010692-00011232 visualize your ideal body a visualization is a powerful tool for manifesting your goals
eAKQBPItaBM-00021-00011298-00011850 spend some time each day visualizing yourself at your ideal weight and feeling healthy happy and
eAKQBPItaBM-00022-00011850-00012420 confident imagine yourself enjoying activities that you currently avoid due to your weight such
eAKQBPItaBM-00023-00012420-00013062 as running swimming or hiking practice gratitude gratitude is a key aspect of the law of attraction
eAKQBPItaBM-00024-00013146-00013626 take time each day to focus on the things you are grateful for in your life including your body
eAKQBPItaBM-00025-00013626-00014196 and your health this will help you cultivate a positive mindset and stay motivated on your weight
eAKQBPItaBM-00026-00014196-00014844 loss Journey take inspired action while positive thinking is important it is not enough on its own
eAKQBPItaBM-00027-00014916-00015282 to achieve your weight loss goals you need to take inspired action
eAKQBPItaBM-00028-00015354-00015882 this might include making healthy food choices incorporating regular exercise into your routine
eAKQBPItaBM-00029-00015882-00016428 and seeking support from a coach or mentor remember the law of attraction is just one
eAKQBPItaBM-00030-00016428-00016938 tool you can use to support your weight loss Journey it is important to approach weight loss
eAKQBPItaBM-00031-00016938-00017442 in a holistic way incorporating healthy habits and a positive mindset into your daily routine
eAPEs_yevjA-00000-00003000-00003900 Hello everyone, we welcoming you to our channel
eAPEs_yevjA-00001-00004000-00004900 Kindly Subscribe to our channel and give your support; v
eAPEs_yevjA-00002-00005000-00005900 Always follow these 3 steps to avoid loose of your game data
eAPEs_yevjA-00003-00006000-00006900 After the use of more than 4 years and number of accounts 
eAPEs_yevjA-00004-00007000-00007900 On our different devices and virtual spaces
eAPEs_yevjA-00005-00008000-00008900 We have identified some precautions to avoid a negative credit 
eAPEs_yevjA-00006-00009000-00009900 Or loss of Game data including loss of cars, Credits, upgrades and other in-game items
eAPEs_yevjA-00007-00010000-00010900 We maintaining multiple accounts and devices
eAPEs_yevjA-00008-00011000-00011900 We used to switch accounts periodically, but we have never faced such
eAPEs_yevjA-00009-00012000-00012900 A Game data loss issue, we have listed below the precautions we follow
eAPEs_yevjA-00010-00013000-00013900 We don’t know exactly how these precautions work
eAPEs_yevjA-00011-00014000-00014900 But these precautions saved our accounts from losing data
eAPEs_yevjA-00012-00015000-00015900 1.	Synchronise to cloud before you update your game
eAPEs_yevjA-00013-00016000-00016900 Before you update your game, make sure you have a good connection and your device is connected with cloud
eAPEs_yevjA-00014-00017000-00017900 After the update, if cloud prompt comes, don’t use the cloud data
eAPEs_yevjA-00015-00018000-00018900 Verify both data and Prefer to choose Local data
eAPEs_yevjA-00016-00019000-00019900 Because, there is no need of a cloud prompt, because you have connected with cloud before the update
eAPEs_yevjA-00017-00020000-00020900 2.	When you switch accounts, you might notice that the cloud prompt comes two times
eAPEs_yevjA-00018-00021000-00021900 When the prompt comes for the first time, choose cloud data if that was correct
eAPEs_yevjA-00019-00022000-00022900 If the prompt comes again, never ever choose the cloud data
eAPEs_yevjA-00020-00023000-00023900 Choose local data if the cloud prompt comes for the second time
eAPEs_yevjA-00021-00024000-00024900 3.	If you using one account on 2 devices
eAPEs_yevjA-00022-00025000-00025900 Logout from play games on both devices after you successfully
eAPEs_yevjA-00023-00026000-00026900 Synchronized the correct data from any one of the devices to server
eAPEs_yevjA-00024-00027000-00027900 This way you can avoid getting the cloud prompt more than ones
eAPEs_yevjA-00025-00028000-00028900 and thereby you can avoid the possibility of losing your data
eAPEs_yevjA-00026-00029000-00029900 This is it what we tried to say, Keep watch our videos and Support our channel
eAPEs_yevjA-00027-00030000-00030900 I will catch you guys soon on another video
eAPEs_yevjA-00028-00031000-00031900 Consider Subscribing our channel, Like this video
eAPEs_yevjA-00029-00032000-00033000 Also Comment your thoughts
eBJe3f7xvVg-00000-00000000-00000296 AC/DC Shot in the dark drum track.
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00000-00000834-00001028 Hello to everyone. My name is Gökmen
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00001-00001072-00001140 Today's position
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00002-00001140-00001732 How to Hard Disk Partition, Disk Defragmentation, Disk Partitioning, Disk Formatting ?
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00003-00001748-00001948 We open the command system
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00004-00002014-00002604 and write the command “compmgmt.msc“.
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00005-00002604-00002804 Then press enter
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00006-00002924-00003254 will appear to such a window in screen
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00007-00003288-00003547 Here we choose “Disk Management” under the heading “Storage“.
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00008-00003736-00003960 There is only C local disk on the screen
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00009-00004000-00004258 We right-click on the C disk and choose the title “Shrink Unit“.
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00010-00004672-00004932 Let's wait a moment
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00011-00005644-00005948 Then the window will open
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00012-00005948-00006462 Then you are entering as “megabytes” if you want to allocate as much space as you want in the next window.
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00013-00006592-00006944 Press Minimize button
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00014-00007822-00008324 An area that is separated from the C Local Disk you see
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00015-00008350-00008604 But it does not appear first in My Computer folder
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00016-00008620-00008724 To see
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00017-00008752-00009024 There is an area called “not separated“. Select “New Simple Unit” by right clicking on it.
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00018-00009062-00009508 Press Next button
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00019-00009544-00009804 Choose the character you will assign to the driver
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00020-00009828-00010108 Press the Next button
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00021-00010130-00011086 After selecting the disk letter, the next window shows two options: “Format” and “Don’t Format“. Even if “Don’t Formatting” is selected, you will computer want to format it in the future.
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00022-00011112-00011218 I choose the don't format option to show you
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00023-00011230-00011280 Press Next Button
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00024-00011324-00011376 and Finish button
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00025-00011460-00011792 A new local disk has now been created
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00026-00011848-00012488 We want to format when we click to open a new disc
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00027-00012488-00012590 I click to format
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00028-00013402-00013872 Formatting is done
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00029-00013969-00014150 There is now a new local disk that is fully functioning
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00030-00014238-00014438 If you want to defragment Local Disks
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00031-00014454-00014508 Combining with C is easy
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00032-00014532-00014816 Disk by right-clicking “Delete Unit“
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00033-00014816-00014912 the Yes button
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00034-00014960-00015160 Untouched area like the old
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00035-00015184-00015447 C Right-click on the disc and select "Expand Units".
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00036-00015447-00015497 Next Button
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00037-00015519-00015760 We will transfer the area on that disk to C.
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00038-00015788-00015886 Next Button
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00039-00015897-00016002 and Finish button
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00040-00016028-00016296 Now that we have reunited the disk
eIn7qC-ZcsM-00041-00016347-00016548 That's it. Have a Good day
eIL_OjQBLAg-00000-00000282-00000332 Ah
eIL_OjQBLAg-00001-00000432-00000638 ...with the right weaponry
eIL_OjQBLAg-00002-00000768-00000924 Pilots earn credit toward
eJCzeFMoTcE-00000-00000419-00001550 Hello my name is Nico Carver and I'm an Astrophotographer. My website is at nebulaphotos.com and today we're gonna look at what
eJCzeFMoTcE-00001-00001550-00002142 astrophotographers call narrowband imaging the most famous application of
eJCzeFMoTcE-00002-00002142-00002832 this is the Hubble palette popularized by the Hubble Space Telescope in the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00003-00002832-00003342 videos that follow this one I'll show you how I process narrowband images to
eJCzeFMoTcE-00004-00003342-00003896 make pretty full-color pictures and you can find the links to those videos below
eJCzeFMoTcE-00005-00003896-00004587 I have one for Photoshop one for GIMP which is a open source free application
eJCzeFMoTcE-00006-00004587-00005064 and one for pix insight which is what a lot of more advanced
eJCzeFMoTcE-00007-00005064-00005646 astrophotographers are using. Before we get into all that though I thought it would
eJCzeFMoTcE-00008-00005646-00006087 be a good idea to really understand narrowband first so we first have to
eJCzeFMoTcE-00009-00006087-00006759 understand a bit about the science of color and the science of color vision in
eJCzeFMoTcE-00010-00006759-00007523 the human eye and then how we try to replicate that with cameras and monitors
eJCzeFMoTcE-00011-00007523-00008120 and basically and photography and anything in the modern age where we're
eJCzeFMoTcE-00012-00008120-00008750 trying to make a full-color image to look like what we see with our actual
eJCzeFMoTcE-00013-00008750-00009461 eyes and so we're gonna start with this thing we're gonna start sort of at the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00014-00009461-00009822 beginning here with this thing called the electromagnetic spectrum and sure a
eJCzeFMoTcE-00015-00009822-00010284 lot of you have heard of this also called the e/m spectrum for short and
eJCzeFMoTcE-00016-00010284-00011054 it's basically this large range of radiation of wavelengths from a very low
eJCzeFMoTcE-00017-00011054-00011775 frequency radio waves and microwaves and things like that to very super energetic
eJCzeFMoTcE-00018-00011775-00012342 high frequency gamma rays and there's a very small section of the spectrum that
eJCzeFMoTcE-00019-00012342-00013031 our eyes can actually directly detect these waves and we call this section
eJCzeFMoTcE-00020-00013031-00013522 visible light meaning the light that is visible to our
eJCzeFMoTcE-00021-00013522-00014386 human detectors our eyes with different sensors we can now though directly image
eJCzeFMoTcE-00022-00014386-00015141 other parts of the spectrum and so you may have heard of scientific missions
eJCzeFMoTcE-00023-00015141-00015733 that are that are doing x-ray detection or ultraviolet or different parts that
eJCzeFMoTcE-00024-00015733-00016156 we don't actually directly see but sensors kept and that interesting thing
eJCzeFMoTcE-00025-00016156-00016654 is different animals are sensitive to other parts of the spectrum just outside
eJCzeFMoTcE-00026-00016654-00017134 of what we think of as the visible spectrum for instance the lenses in our
eJCzeFMoTcE-00027-00017134-00017698 eyes block ultraviolet light but recent research is found in other mammals like
eJCzeFMoTcE-00028-00017698-00018283 my cat here their lenses don't block UV now we're still not sure if that means
eJCzeFMoTcE-00029-00018283-00018895 Bobby here can really see in UV but why is this it's because the sensor of the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00030-00018895-00019435 eye is the retina that's in the back of the eye where the rods and the cones
eJCzeFMoTcE-00031-00019435-00020242 live and the cones are cells that only can detect certain wavelengths and then
eJCzeFMoTcE-00032-00020242-00020707 our animal brain or the cat's brain then interprets those wavelengths as colors
eJCzeFMoTcE-00033-00020707-00021139 cats are like most mammals and that they are dichromats meaning they're color
eJCzeFMoTcE-00034-00021139-00021747 vision is due to the interaction of two different types of cones in the eye
eJCzeFMoTcE-00035-00021747-00022303 humans and many other primates are trichromats and that means that we have
eJCzeFMoTcE-00036-00022303-00022897 three different types of cones and we can characterize these cones as short
eJCzeFMoTcE-00037-00022897-00023461 wavelength cones or s cones medium wavelength M cones and long wavelength L
eJCzeFMoTcE-00038-00023461-00023998 cones and so you can see from this chart each type of cone is most responsive to
eJCzeFMoTcE-00039-00023998-00024469 certain wavelengths and a simple way to think of this is we have blue cones
eJCzeFMoTcE-00040-00024469-00025159 green cones and red cones RGB we don't have cones that see this particular
eJCzeFMoTcE-00041-00025159-00025732 color for instance but through the combination of response in the green and
eJCzeFMoTcE-00042-00025732-00026287 red cones our brains can interpret this as yellow makes sense
eJCzeFMoTcE-00043-00026287-00026585 okay so note that the biggest area of over
eJCzeFMoTcE-00044-00026585-00027020 up here for the cones in our eyes is in the green part of the spectrum that's
eJCzeFMoTcE-00045-00027020-00027479 going to be important later when we get to color cameras but we have to start
eJCzeFMoTcE-00046-00027479-00028132 with the black and white camera or mono camera this is short for monochromatic
eJCzeFMoTcE-00047-00028132-00028757 the earliest photography was all black and white mono meaning we could measure
eJCzeFMoTcE-00048-00028757-00029237 the intensity of the light across the scene but we didn't yet have a way of
eJCzeFMoTcE-00049-00029237-00029804 reproducing color the earliest technology for reproducing color was
eJCzeFMoTcE-00050-00029804-00030356 very interesting it happened before we invented color film and so this is how
eJCzeFMoTcE-00051-00030356-00030794 it worked we would you would ask your subject to stay very still and then take
eJCzeFMoTcE-00052-00030794-00031277 three photographs each time placing a different color glass filter in front
eJCzeFMoTcE-00053-00031277-00031763 and so I'm sure many of you can guess the colors of these filters yes it was
eJCzeFMoTcE-00054-00031763-00032273 red green and blue and by combining the relative intensities of the light
eJCzeFMoTcE-00055-00032273-00032720 captured through these three filters we can fairly precisely mimic what the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00056-00032720-00033323 human eye sees and back then the only way to display this color film was by
eJCzeFMoTcE-00057-00033323-00033872 using three slide projectors displaying three distinct images one on top of one
eJCzeFMoTcE-00058-00033872-00034481 another onto the same screen but how do we do it today well an LCD monitor or a
eJCzeFMoTcE-00059-00034481-00035072 flat-screen TV is just basically a light panel if the light panel itself is just
eJCzeFMoTcE-00060-00035072-00035554 white light and in front of that are pixels and the pixels are just little
eJCzeFMoTcE-00061-00035554-00036101 polarizing filters and those polarizing filters control the intensity of the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00062-00036101-00036593 light at each pixel site and then again in front of that we have the red green
eJCzeFMoTcE-00063-00036593-00037169 and blue filters and they control the the each array in the pixel with a sub
eJCzeFMoTcE-00064-00037169-00037856 pixel and so one pixel is lighting up a sort of pale green and then the one next
eJCzeFMoTcE-00065-00037856-00038279 to it is a little bit darker green and when you combine all this together it
eJCzeFMoTcE-00066-00038279-00038798 looks like a color image but if we use a microscope on an a monitor that shows
eJCzeFMoTcE-00067-00038798-00039359 all white we would actually see these sub pixels so each pixel is clearly made
eJCzeFMoTcE-00068-00039359-00040013 up of a red green and blue sub pixel a digital color camera works through
eJCzeFMoTcE-00069-00040013-00040538 but instead of a light panel in the back we have the sensor and a sensor is just
eJCzeFMoTcE-00070-00040538-00041267 a piece of light-sensitive silicon with millions of little pixel wells attached
eJCzeFMoTcE-00071-00041267-00041840 to electronics to turn the analog source so the light coming through the lens and
eJCzeFMoTcE-00072-00041840-00042452 hitting that sensor into a digital readout so at each pixel site or photo
eJCzeFMoTcE-00073-00042452-00043271 site it says this intensity of light hit right here based on the light coming
eJCzeFMoTcE-00074-00043271-00043622 through the lens and so with astrophotography a lot of times those
eJCzeFMoTcE-00075-00043622-00044156 signals are very small which is why noise and noise were you know minimizing
eJCzeFMoTcE-00076-00044156-00044639 noise is so important if you have a model camera then there's nothing in
eJCzeFMoTcE-00077-00044639-00045257 between the front of the sensor and the optics other than maybe a glass protect
eJCzeFMoTcE-00078-00045257-00045989 window if you have a color camera like in most DSLRs today then in front of the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00079-00045989-00046634 sensor is what we call a color filter array or CFA and the most common color
eJCzeFMoTcE-00080-00046634-00047180 filter array is the Bayer array named after a doctor Bayer who worked at
eJCzeFMoTcE-00081-00047180-00047771 Eastman Kodak and he invented it the Bayer array is arranged like this and so
eJCzeFMoTcE-00082-00047771-00048257 if you look closely you'll notice that there are two green pixels for every one
eJCzeFMoTcE-00083-00048257-00048833 red and one blue if we remember back to what I was saying about the cones in our
eJCzeFMoTcE-00084-00048833-00049352 eyes the Bayer filter array is arranged with this over sensitivity to green
eJCzeFMoTcE-00085-00049352-00050201 light in our eyes in mind the camera through a computer on board the camera
eJCzeFMoTcE-00086-00050201-00050783 or software later if you shoot raw d mosaics the image this in effect
eJCzeFMoTcE-00087-00050783-00051280 interpolates the colors based on the pixel itself so for instance if light
eJCzeFMoTcE-00088-00051280-00051887 hit this green pixel it would then interpolate what color actually goes
eJCzeFMoTcE-00089-00051887-00052325 there not just based on the single pixel that will I hit but all the pixels
eJCzeFMoTcE-00090-00052325-00053097 nearby around it and so this is how we end up with all the different colors
eJCzeFMoTcE-00091-00053097-00053456 not just red green and blue pixels but all the different colors is based on
eJCzeFMoTcE-00092-00053456-00054002 this interpolation of where the light is hitting and the interaction of the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00093-00054002-00054660 pixels okay so to review all sensors are actually mono sensors but in a DSLR or a
eJCzeFMoTcE-00094-00054660-00055386 one shot color camera there is a filter array in front of the sensor however the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00095-00055386-00055850 Bayer array or if the color filter array is not the only way to filter light
eJCzeFMoTcE-00096-00055850-00056417 hitting the sensor to make a full color image another type of imaging often
eJCzeFMoTcE-00097-00056417-00057038 called mono imaging is we use a monochromatic camera so in this case I'm
eJCzeFMoTcE-00098-00057038-00057920 using as ewo astronomy camera called the ASI 1600 mm see and so this is a cooled
eJCzeFMoTcE-00099-00057920-00058505 mono camera this part right here the red can like thing and to capture different
eJCzeFMoTcE-00100-00058505-00059138 colors I put different colored filters in front of the sensor and I do this
eJCzeFMoTcE-00101-00059138-00059651 with this thing called an electronic filter wheel meaning that it's a
eJCzeFMoTcE-00102-00059651-00060152 completely closed in design this part attaches to the telescope and then
eJCzeFMoTcE-00103-00060152-00060689 through a computer I can move different filters in front of the sensor so this
eJCzeFMoTcE-00104-00060689-00061433 is an 8 position filter wheel so I have L RGB Ha s2 and O3 and I'll get into
eJCzeFMoTcE-00105-00061433-00061892 what those different things mean and I also have near IR but I'm not going to
eJCzeFMoTcE-00106-00061892-00062504 talk about that so the most common ones for putting in a filter wheel like this
eJCzeFMoTcE-00107-00062504-00063056 if you're doing mono imaging are red green and blue because if you just
eJCzeFMoTcE-00108-00063056-00063450 choose red green and blue and you shoot those it's like shooting with a DSLR
eJCzeFMoTcE-00109-00063450-00064064 it's slightly more efficient since you're shooting all red you're using all
eJCzeFMoTcE-00110-00064064-00064670 of the pixels in the sensor at once then all green then all blue but it's it's
eJCzeFMoTcE-00111-00064670-00065066 you end up with a similar image that you would get with the DSLR because you're
eJCzeFMoTcE-00112-00065066-00065598 just shooting red and green and blue another option is to shoot l RGB so you
eJCzeFMoTcE-00113-00065598-00066026 shoot luminance where you're getting all the information and then you mix that
eJCzeFMoTcE-00114-00066026-00066313 with RGB
eJCzeFMoTcE-00115-00066402-00067257 and the nice thing about shooting RGB is that you get really accurate star color
eJCzeFMoTcE-00116-00067257-00067792 which you're often missing when you use narrow band filters which is what I use
eJCzeFMoTcE-00117-00067792-00068569 a lot and so red green and blue are what we call broadband filters meaning there
eJCzeFMoTcE-00118-00068569-00069478 is no one wavelength that equals red what the filter does is it lets in a
eJCzeFMoTcE-00119-00069478-00070606 pretty broad range of reds and so we call this broadband and it's letting in
eJCzeFMoTcE-00120-00070606-00071341 wavelengths from a wave where peak to peak it measures 590 nanometers all the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00121-00071341-00072253 way up to a wave that measures 700 nanometers peak to peak so a wavelength
eJCzeFMoTcE-00122-00072253-00072859 is if we look at a wave we measure the length of the wave from this point to
eJCzeFMoTcE-00123-00072859-00073579 this point we call that a wavelength it's literally 500 nanometers or 700
eJCzeFMoTcE-00124-00073579-00074131 nanometers or somewhere in there and all of those are we respond to as red in the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00125-00074131-00075165 eye and so we can say that this red filter here has a band pass of 110
eJCzeFMoTcE-00126-00075165-00075844 nanometers meaning that anywhere from a red that measures 590 nanometers to one
eJCzeFMoTcE-00127-00075844-00076417 that measures 700 will come through with this filter everything outside of that
eJCzeFMoTcE-00128-00076417-00077083 bandpass is rejected a narrowband filter blocks more light they look sort of more
eJCzeFMoTcE-00129-00077083-00077632 reflective like this and a lot of times in the case of a narrowband filter
eJCzeFMoTcE-00130-00077632-00078454 you're letting in just ten or five or even three nanometer wide band pass so
eJCzeFMoTcE-00131-00078454-00078955 you're blocking almost all of the visible spectrum just except for the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00132-00078955-00079522 little small slice of the visible spectrum that you want but why do we do
eJCzeFMoTcE-00133-00079522-00079936 that well the is my very favorite thing to photograph
eJCzeFMoTcE-00134-00079936-00080503 are nebulae hence my website nebulae photos calm and there are different
eJCzeFMoTcE-00135-00080503-00080974 kinds of nebulae and I'm not going to explain all of them here but a basic
eJCzeFMoTcE-00136-00080974-00081529 division is there's reflection nebulae where there's swaths of dust and things
eJCzeFMoTcE-00137-00081529-00082183 that reflect the light from bright stars dark nebulae which block out the light
eJCzeFMoTcE-00138-00082183-00082672 from the stars and also other nebulae and then lastly a mission nebulae which
eJCzeFMoTcE-00139-00082672-00083206 actually emit their own light either because they are clouds of excited gases
eJCzeFMoTcE-00140-00083206-00083844 where stars are being formed or they're part of the death of a star either
eJCzeFMoTcE-00141-00083844-00084358 planetary nebulae are death the deaths of the star or supernova remnants which
eJCzeFMoTcE-00142-00084358-00084721 are one of my favorite kinds of objects and it's this last class that we call
eJCzeFMoTcE-00143-00084721-00085255 mission nebulae where we typically always use narrow band filters the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00144-00085255-00085756 reason is these nebulae emit light at very particular and known wavelengths
eJCzeFMoTcE-00145-00085756-00086773 for instance singly ionized sulfur atoms or s2 emits at 670 2.4 nanometers that's
eJCzeFMoTcE-00146-00086773-00087436 it hydrogen-alpha also called h-alpha emits at 656 point 2 and doubly ionized
eJCzeFMoTcE-00147-00087436-00088351 oxygen ro3 emits at 500 point 7 and so I have narrow band filters with band
eJCzeFMoTcE-00148-00088351-00088990 passes just a few nanometers wide 3 to 5 nanometers wide and the band passes are
eJCzeFMoTcE-00149-00088990-00089773 centered on these key emission lines and so these essentially block out 99% of
eJCzeFMoTcE-00150-00089773-00090328 the visible spectrum and blocking out this unwanted light is often a really
eJCzeFMoTcE-00151-00090328-00090889 good strategy due to terrestrial light pollution it increases the contrast that
eJCzeFMoTcE-00152-00090889-00091546 you get the sky will appear is almost pretty dark almost black and the nebula
eJCzeFMoTcE-00153-00091546-00092191 really come out that way the really high contrast if I just use a more broadband
eJCzeFMoTcE-00154-00092191-00092641 filter like a blue filter here instead of an O 3
eJCzeFMoTcE-00155-00092641-00093260 then I'm also capturing the all these LED streetlights around and all these
eJCzeFMoTcE-00156-00093260-00093827 other things that I don't really want in my picture and so I'm sure a question I
eJCzeFMoTcE-00157-00093827-00094484 get is should I use narrow band filters with my DSLR and this is a big source of
eJCzeFMoTcE-00158-00094484-00095261 debate what you're essentially doing is taking one filter on a filter array of
eJCzeFMoTcE-00159-00095261-00095615 red green and blue and then putting other filters on top of that so it's not
eJCzeFMoTcE-00160-00095615-00096068 as efficient but I know that people can get good results doing so I've seen it
eJCzeFMoTcE-00161-00096068-00096572 online I've never personally tried it so I'm not gonna comment from personal
eJCzeFMoTcE-00162-00096572-00097022 experience I've only done narrowband imaging with my mono camera I use my
eJCzeFMoTcE-00163-00097022-00097816 dslr's mostly with out filters and I try to travel to darker sites to use those
eJCzeFMoTcE-00164-00097816-00098351 ok the last part that I want to I'll talk about this more in process in the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00165-00098351-00099146 processing videos too but I'll just mention briefly here once you have have
eJCzeFMoTcE-00166-00099146-00099629 captured narrowband data as opposed to red green and blue data it's a little
eJCzeFMoTcE-00167-00099629-00100246 bit less clear how to actually make an image out of that the reason is is that
eJCzeFMoTcE-00168-00100246-00101116 O3 is actually somewhere in between
eJCzeFMoTcE-00169-00101185-00101804 green and blue it's sort of a teal color 500 point seven nanometers is sort of
eJCzeFMoTcE-00170-00101804-00102435 right in between green and blue it's sort of like a greenish blue or a teal
eJCzeFMoTcE-00171-00102435-00103033 h-alpha and s2 are actually a very they're both
eJCzeFMoTcE-00172-00103033-00103577 very deep reds h-alpha is already a deep red and then s2 goes even deeper
eJCzeFMoTcE-00173-00103577-00104311 probably beyond what our eye can actually detect so you have to basically
eJCzeFMoTcE-00174-00104311-00104948 read colors and one green blue color so what's cool about this is that if you
eJCzeFMoTcE-00175-00104948-00105404 are just doing what we call bicolor imaging where you just shoot H alpha and
eJCzeFMoTcE-00176-00105404-00105697 o3 you can just put the Ha in the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00177-00105697-00106123 red Channel and the o3 and both the green and the blue channel and you get a
eJCzeFMoTcE-00178-00106123-00106432 fairly natural response from that which is really nice
eJCzeFMoTcE-00179-00106432-00106990 but when you shoot all three or more narrowband channels then it gets a
eJCzeFMoTcE-00180-00106990-00107395 little bit more creative and a lot of people find this really fun if you're a
eJCzeFMoTcE-00181-00107395-00107883 stickler for what does this what should this actually look like then that might
eJCzeFMoTcE-00182-00107883-00108589 it might not be for you but what we still can see from these images where
eJCzeFMoTcE-00183-00108589-00109185 we're a little bit more creative is how the gases are interacting and the actual
eJCzeFMoTcE-00184-00109185-00109552 position of all the gases is still accurate it's that the colors are just
eJCzeFMoTcE-00185-00109552-00110241 what we call false color if you change the mappings so one of the most common
eJCzeFMoTcE-00186-00110241-00110671 mappings meaning you're taking some narrowband data and putting it into the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00187-00110671-00111636 red green or blue channel is to put the s2 data in the red Channel the h-alpha
eJCzeFMoTcE-00188-00111636-00112390 data in the green Channel and the oh three data in the blue Channel and so if
eJCzeFMoTcE-00189-00112390-00113119 you think about that that's S2 Ha O3 or for short SHO
eJCzeFMoTcE-00190-00113119-00114013 imaging where you put them in that order makes some sense because sulfur is the
eJCzeFMoTcE-00191-00114013-00114534 furthest into the red and then H alpha is less so and then o3 is even less so
eJCzeFMoTcE-00192-00114534-00115198 so it does make sense the order when you do that and then you sort of remove a
eJCzeFMoTcE-00193-00115198-00115938 little bit of the green you get this really cool sort of golden orange and
eJCzeFMoTcE-00194-00115938-00116551 yellows and blue look and it's sort of reminiscent of like Hollywood film
eJCzeFMoTcE-00195-00116551-00117214 toning or it's like the the orange and blue look and this style of imaging redo
eJCzeFMoTcE-00196-00117214-00117538 the show and then you remove a little bit of the green is known as the Hubble
eJCzeFMoTcE-00197-00117538-00118096 palette because when NASA sent up the Hubble Space Telescope there's all these
eJCzeFMoTcE-00198-00118096-00118546 beautiful images that they got back where they shot those filters and people
eJCzeFMoTcE-00199-00118546-00119074 I'm including people who work for NASA often processed it in this way
eJCzeFMoTcE-00200-00119074-00119545 so became known as the Hubble palette it's also you'll also see though show
eJCzeFMoTcE-00201-00119545-00120208 palette or SH Oh palette something like that okay so that's really it for this
eJCzeFMoTcE-00202-00120208-00120692 intro but I would encourage you if you are interested in how to process
eJCzeFMoTcE-00203-00120692-00121386 narrowband images from a mono setup to keep watching because I have videos for
eJCzeFMoTcE-00204-00121386-00122105 GIMP Photoshop and pics in site where I go through the process stacking
eJCzeFMoTcE-00205-00122105-00122674 registering and putting together a full-color image using some sample data
eJCzeFMoTcE-00206-00122674-00123448 I shop with this setup of the seagull or parrot nebula it's called both things
eJCzeFMoTcE-00207-00123448-00124252 it's I see two one seven seven and I'll explain a little bit more about palette
eJCzeFMoTcE-00208-00124252-00124804 choices and color in those videos but I hope that this was a good introduction
eJCzeFMoTcE-00209-00124804-00125835 to the science behind color filters and what we mean by broadband versus
eJCzeFMoTcE-00210-00125835-00126322 narrowband and why we use those terms what we're actually doing when we shoot
eJCzeFMoTcE-00211-00126322-00126883 with these kinds of filters thanks for watching again my website is at
eJCzeFMoTcE-00212-00126883-00127219 nebulaphotos.com if you're not already subscribed to my
eJCzeFMoTcE-00213-00127219-00128608 youtube channel i encourage you to subscribe thanks very much
eJK0rtimi1I-00000-00000000-00000170 Hello, I'm Dog Watch.
eJK0rtimi1I-00001-00000170-00000450 In recent years, low and medium-priced watch brands,
eJK0rtimi1I-00002-00000450-00000753 We've launched a variety of Reissue models.
eJK0rtimi1I-00003-00000753-00001210 Is reissue release a trend these days? to the point of doing,
eJK0rtimi1I-00004-00001210-00001546 Well, there's been a lot of different models.Hah!
eJK0rtimi1I-00005-00001546-00001936 Maybe it's because I bought a lot of retro models.
eJK0rtimi1I-00006-00001936-00002183 Or I don't have any new models that stand out these days.
eJK0rtimi1I-00007-00002183-00002423 I don't know if that's true.
eJK0rtimi1I-00008-00002423-00002803 I don't think it's a good idea for a maker to develop a new model.
eJK0rtimi1I-00009-00002803-00003190 Re-launching a proven old model of popularity.
eJK0rtimi1I-00010-00003190-00003516 You might think it's less risky.Hah!
eJK0rtimi1I-00011-00003516-00003823 They take the Heritage elements to the dump.
eJK0rtimi1I-00012-00003823-00004026 Kill two birds with one stone.
eJK0rtimi1I-00013-00004026-00004343 No matter how ridiculous a question I give you,
eJK0rtimi1I-00014-00004343-00004536 He's got it right.
eJK0rtimi1I-00015-00004536-00004853 Maybe I'll just show you the buckle next time.^^
eJK0rtimi1I-00016-00004853-00005223 Back in the 1970s, in Orient, we had a watch called the Super King Diver.
eJK0rtimi1I-00017-00005223-00005463 It's been released, and it's pretty obvious now.
eJK0rtimi1I-00018-00005463-00005780 It's a fancy watch that's burdensome.
eJK0rtimi1I-00019-00005780-00006133 SK at the bottom of the dial stands for Super King.Hah!
eJK0rtimi1I-00020-00006133-00006413 From June 2019 to March last year (2020)
eJK0rtimi1I-00021-00006413-00006670 We strategically launched a retrofit model.
eJK0rtimi1I-00022-00006670-00007066 The model you're going to meet today is the Orient Super King Diver.
eJK0rtimi1I-00023-00008563-00008780 Then let's go to the clock.
eJK0rtimi1I-00024-00008780-00009026 That's a long model name... (Bewildered)
eJK0rtimi1I-00025-00009026-00009963 RA-AA0B01G19A Orient Super King Diver Reissue Model.
eJK0rtimi1I-00026-00009963-00010450 It was released in three colors, and I think it's the most burdensome one.
eJK0rtimi1I-00027-00010450-00010880 I bought a model with a champagne gold dial.LOL
eJK0rtimi1I-00028-00010880-00011046 Let me tell you the specifications.
eJK0rtimi1I-00029-00011046-00011483 Case size is 41.7mm, thickness is 12.6mm.
eJK0rtimi1I-00030-00011483-00011783 The numbers aren't all that thick.
eJK0rtimi1I-00031-00011783-00012063 Maybe it's because of the angular bezel shape,
eJK0rtimi1I-00032-00012063-00012293 Or maybe it's because of the fancy dial.
eJK0rtimi1I-00033-00012293-00012583 It's my first impression of existence.
eJK0rtimi1I-00034-00012583-00012903 It's easy to predict that there's a lot of likes and dislikes.
eJK0rtimi1I-00035-00012903-00013303 I'm sure it's tacky, but if you wrap it nicely,
eJK0rtimi1I-00036-00013303-00013550 It does look cool.^^
eJK0rtimi1I-00037-00013550-00013946 The original octagonal concept and the left-hand side is a round.
eJK0rtimi1I-00038-00013946-00014306 I think it's a very unique character of this watch.
eJK0rtimi1I-00039-00014306-00014630 What about the front bezel?It's the same thing.
eJK0rtimi1I-00040-00014630-00015073 I don't know if it's for real or decorative purposes.££
eJK0rtimi1I-00041-00015073-00015400 There's another one underneath the right hemisphere.
eJK0rtimi1I-00042-00015400-00015656 I don't know if you're going to be able to do it.
eJK0rtimi1I-00043-00015656-00015853 You can easily predict it now, right?Haha
eJK0rtimi1I-00044-00015853-00016143 The case bag is a normal screw type.
eJK0rtimi1I-00045-00016143-00016513 At a glance, I can see some notable shortcomings.LOL
eJK0rtimi1I-00046-00016513-00016770 I don't know if he's focused on the case and the dial.
eJK0rtimi1I-00047-00016770-00017100 Bracelet's disappointing at first sight.
eJK0rtimi1I-00048-00017100-00017436 It's thin and feels a bit of play.
eJK0rtimi1I-00049-00017436-00017686 The hollow link is totally out of the question.
eJK0rtimi1I-00050-00017686-00017990 I feel like I admit it's a drawback.Haha
eJK0rtimi1I-00051-00017990-00018386 Well, you might not know about the video, but to put it simply,
eJK0rtimi1I-00052-00018386-00018796 It's a B-seul that's about the level of a Casio watch.
eJK0rtimi1I-00053-00018796-00019203 You said you're a super king diver, and the waterproof is 50 meters...
eJK0rtimi1I-00054-00019203-00019410 Well, that's a little bit of a little off.££
eJK0rtimi1I-00055-00019410-00019716 If you look at the dial, it's definitely not a fancy feeling,
eJK0rtimi1I-00056-00019716-00020140 It's quite fancy and retro.
eJK0rtimi1I-00057-00020140-00020543 First of all, the golden hour marker comes into my eye.
eJK0rtimi1I-00058-00020543-00020880 I looked up the description and it says it's a Studded marker.
eJK0rtimi1I-00059-00020880-00021183 The Orient's signature overarching gold ornament,
eJK0rtimi1I-00060-00021183-00021563 The part that is gradated vertically in the center of the dial is,
eJK0rtimi1I-00061-00021563-00021886 It's not a rejection, it's a brand signature.
eJK0rtimi1I-00062-00021886-00022280 I think you did a good job. This is a convincing part.Haha
eJK0rtimi1I-00063-00022280-00022533 The head action is manual cold in normal mode,
eJK0rtimi1I-00064-00022533-00022823 Pick a space, set the date and day of the week.
eJK0rtimi1I-00065-00022823-00023240 If you pull it out until the end, you can set the time in the hacked state.
eJK0rtimi1I-00066-00023240-00023643 If you turn the 4 o'clock lead, the Inebezel will work.
eJK0rtimi1I-00067-00023643-00024016 The hand-carried feeling of spinning is soft.
eJK0rtimi1I-00068-00024016-00024473 The glow-in-the-dark application is part of the time, behind the index,
eJK0rtimi1I-00069-00024473-00024793 It's covered in a very small area.
eJK0rtimi1I-00070-00024793-00025273 I think you can just take it as if it had a glow in the dark.Haha
eJK0rtimi1I-00071-00025273-00025370 It's a general review.
eJK0rtimi1I-00072-00025370-00025746 I think I've explained too much about the shortcomings.
eJK0rtimi1I-00073-00025746-00026220 If you look at it in real life, retro presence is one of the advantages.
eJK0rtimi1I-00074-00026220-00026539 But even that's where the likes and dislikes are divided.
eJK0rtimi1I-00075-00026539-00026813 It looks like you'll have a lot of taste.
eJK0rtimi1I-00076-00026813-00027133 But I don't feel like I'm being stubborn,
eJK0rtimi1I-00077-00027133-00027463 It's a very strong 70's orient watch style.
eJK0rtimi1I-00078-00027463-00027889 He's appealing, and he's a big fan of retro watches.
eJK0rtimi1I-00079-00027889-00028333 I'd like to make a timid recommendation for the enthusiasts.LOL
eJK0rtimi1I-00080-00028333-00028753 I've been buying and storing them for the last week or so...
eJK0rtimi1I-00081-00028753-00029253 I tried it on daily, but it wasn't as easy as I expected.
eJK0rtimi1I-00082-00029253-00029630 Definitely a little rare? It's got a little bit of a nice.
eJK0rtimi1I-00083-00029630-00030046 I think it will look good on leather straps.
eJK0rtimi1I-00084-00030046-00030303 This has been Dog Watch. Thank you.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00000-00000701-00001094 [This vlog is based on Park Haesoo's story]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00001-00001094-00001300 [Incheon airport]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00002-00001300-00001830 [Heading to LA today as always]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00003-00001830-00002108 [(Let me do it!)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00004-00002237-00002445 I'll be back safely.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00005-00002445-00002666 [(Getting more confident)] [Now do I look less awkward?]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00006-00003123-00003376 [(Trustworthy eyes)] I'll film some interesting things.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00007-00003479-00003661 [(Making efforts)] Can't guarantee.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00008-00003661-00003830 But I'll try my best.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00009-00003961-00004039 [Finished the whole procedure]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00010-00004039-00004144 [(Ta-da)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00011-00004144-00004285 First...!
eJPM3xtGDxA-00012-00004453-00004645 I should go get data roaming service.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00013-00004645-00004793 [(Which is very important)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00014-00004793-00004933 [(You did a hard work...)] It's a brief schedule.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00015-00004933-00005069 So I wasn't
eJPM3xtGDxA-00016-00005069-00005192 thinking about it.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00017-00005192-00005362 However, just in case,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00018-00005362-00005534 if something urgent happens,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00019-00005534-00005701 [(Decided)] or if I have to do a video call
eJPM3xtGDxA-00020-00005701-00005858 with my baby,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00021-00005858-00006057 things like that can happen.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00022-00006057-00006254 So I decided to get a data roaming service.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00023-00006306-00006453 Relatively,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00024-00006453-00006698 there are many tourists than before.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00025-00006734-00006919 [(Catching breath)] This time,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00026-00007028-00007189 Oh Yeongsu would be there in LA
eJPM3xtGDxA-00027-00007189-00007357 so I can meet him.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00028-00007357-00007650 [(Squid Game CREW!)] Also Anupam and Lee Jungjae.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00029-00007650-00007821 [Then I'll be back after the departure procedure]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00030-00007821-00007968 I'll turn it off briefly.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00031-00007968-00008081 [(What?)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00032-00008161-00008345 For Haesoo's team,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00033-00008345-00008521 [Team leader Choi undertook an important assignment]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00034-00008521-00008745 [(How far would you go...?)] To complete the mission...
eJPM3xtGDxA-00035-00008912-00009025 'YES...!'
eJPM3xtGDxA-00036-00009025-00009336 [(Haesoo's team is too far...)] [Choi, it's no 'YES'...]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00037-00009371-00009570 What's that?
eJPM3xtGDxA-00038-00009571-00009828 [(Picked up a radio not a cat)] I think it belongs to the staff here.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00039-00009828-00009977 [Picked up a radio at the airport!]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00040-00010021-00010202 Someone who carries a radio number 8
eJPM3xtGDxA-00041-00010202-00010300 just lost it.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00042-00010301-00010360 So I'm about to
eJPM3xtGDxA-00043-00010360-00010435 give it back to the person!
eJPM3xtGDxA-00044-00010435-00010590 In fact, I can radio...
eJPM3xtGDxA-00045-00010590-00010730 'Number 8' x2
eJPM3xtGDxA-00046-00010730-00010884 In front of ??? Tour.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00047-00010959-00011144 Sir, I picked it up...!
eJPM3xtGDxA-00048-00011144-00011346 [(Secretly proud)] I think it belongs to the staff here.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00049-00011346-00011564 [Inside the plane]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00050-00011564-00011805 [I wanted to share the view with you]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00051-00011805-00012011 [Can't say a word since it's indoor...]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00052-00012011-00012144 [(Moving slightly)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00053-00012144-00012436 I'm heading to LA.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00054-00012436-00012632 [(Passionate flight attendant)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00055-00012632-00012723 [(Hmm...?)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00056-00012723-00012968 [Let's hear them out]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00057-00012968-00013058 [(I get it)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00058-00013058-00013245 Squid... Game...
eJPM3xtGDxA-00059-00013245-00013326 [(Uh)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00060-00013326-00013478 For the last promotion
eJPM3xtGDxA-00061-00013560-00013639 [(Uh)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00062-00013639-00013785 of Squid Game.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00063-00013785-00013895 Trying hard
eJPM3xtGDxA-00064-00013895-00014115 and heading to LA.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00065-00014116-00014293 I'll be back safely.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00066-00014412-00014510 [(Bye bye)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00067-00014553-00014783 [I turned on the camera...]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00068-00014784-00014846 [(To show you the view)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00069-00014846-00015105 [Isn't it amazing...?]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00070-00015106-00015281 Over there.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00071-00015281-00015453 The sunset is so beautiful.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00072-00015453-00015621 [That's why I turned it on]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00073-00015621-00015834 Isn't it marvelous?
eJPM3xtGDxA-00074-00015869-00016127 [Almost there]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00075-00016127-00016269 [(Pretending to sleep...)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00076-00016269-00016359 [(Hello?)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00077-00016359-00016638 [Now we're almost there!]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00078-00016638-00016847 [(Almost there!)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00079-00017038-00017249 [NETFLIX FYSEE event]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00080-00017249-00017432 [(Ta-da)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00081-00017432-00017541 [(Oh my)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00082-00017657-00017777 Money Heist: Korea
eJPM3xtGDxA-00083-00017808-00017960 Several things
eJPM3xtGDxA-00084-00017960-00018096 that NETFLIX gave me.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00085-00018096-00018196 [(Heavy)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00086-00018196-00018357 Let's see the interesting things again.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00087-00018357-00018559 'UNBOXING'
eJPM3xtGDxA-00088-00018595-00018708 (Please)(Subscribe)
eJPM3xtGDxA-00089-00018708-00018836 (And like the video)
eJPM3xtGDxA-00090-00018836-00019099 [It's so cool, isn't it?]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00091-00019099-00019294 All actors will get this.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00092-00019294-00019400 Since I'm the first one who arrived here,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00093-00019400-00019537 [(Received first)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00094-00019537-00019728 I received it earlier than others.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00095-00019728-00019823 Let's see
eJPM3xtGDxA-00096-00019823-00019935 what's inside here!
eJPM3xtGDxA-00097-00019935-00020153 [(Click)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00098-00020153-00020266 [(Click?)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00099-00020266-00020461 [(Ta-da?)] [Let me show you all!]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00100-00020462-00020535 'Ah...'
eJPM3xtGDxA-00101-00020535-00020729 I thought it would be money.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00102-00020768-00021016 Robber's outfit
eJPM3xtGDxA-00103-00021016-00021266 to make me rob again.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00104-00021266-00021543 'Wow'
eJPM3xtGDxA-00105-00021543-00021710 [What's the second biggest next to mudfish?]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00106-00021710-00021843 [My robber outfit in XL size]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00107-00021843-00022029 Hip hop style.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00108-00022029-00022174 And the material is so nice.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00109-00022174-00022321 Unlike what we wore.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00110-00022321-00022434 [(Rustle)] More
eJPM3xtGDxA-00111-00022434-00022549 luxurious material.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00112-00022549-00022657 [(Amazing)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00113-00022657-00022837 Our traditional mask, Hahoetal.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00114-00022837-00023014 Feels different.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00115-00023014-00023194 [(I'm Berlin)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00116-00023194-00023285 Hahoetal.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00117-00023285-00023560 [What's Hahoetal / Park Haesoo Berlin]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00118-00023563-00023603 [What's Hahoetal...? / It's a message with criticism against Yangban the ruling class] [It's often used especially in Byeolsingutnori, one of traditional plays]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00119-00023603-00023730 Our ancestors
eJPM3xtGDxA-00120-00023730-00024029 [Job experience as a professor...]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00121-00024029-00024192 used this mask
eJPM3xtGDxA-00122-00024192-00024292 to satirize and criticize
eJPM3xtGDxA-00123-00024292-00024499 Yangban or upper class.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00124-00024499-00024686 It's very theatrical
eJPM3xtGDxA-00125-00024711-00024908 [(Touched)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00126-00024908-00025028 and traditional mask of Korea.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00127-00025029-00025149 Can't miss out money from Money Heist.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00128-00025156-00025353 [(Rich Haesoo)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00129-00025353-00025512 One sheet.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00130-00025586-00025759 It's 4 trillion per sheet.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00131-00025759-00025961 It's well made, by the way.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00132-00026142-00026306 So pretty.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00133-00026306-00026493 Do you want me to throw the money?
eJPM3xtGDxA-00134-00026494-00026613 Please do it.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00135-00026613-00026722 With this?
eJPM3xtGDxA-00136-00026736-00027272 [That... That's not how to do it...]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00137-00027272-00027565 [(Loaded)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00138-00027565-00027776 [(Please hear me out)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00139-00027776-00027948 Can't do it well!
eJPM3xtGDxA-00140-00027974-00028041 [(Working)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00141-00028041-00028170 'It's working...!'
eJPM3xtGDxA-00142-00028171-00028350 I shouldn't shake it too fast...
eJPM3xtGDxA-00143-00028469-00028736 'Are you confident...' 'to catch the money...?'
eJPM3xtGDxA-00144-00028736-00029131 'So... fun...'
eJPM3xtGDxA-00145-00029131-00029417 [(It's so fun...)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00146-00029417-00029691 It was Berlin so far.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00147-00029733-00029937 'SEE YOU ON NETFLIX'
eJPM3xtGDxA-00148-00029937-00030187 [Humans are always greedy and repeat the same mistake...]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00149-00030187-00030266 [Ah... Don't want to do it...]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00150-00030267-00030404 I shouldn't have thrown it...
eJPM3xtGDxA-00151-00030407-00030768 [Park Haesoo of 1 minute ago...! Why did you do it...!]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00152-00030768-00031079 [(Vacant)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00153-00031079-00031209 Check the heads.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00154-00031210-00031402 Put the heads on this side.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00155-00031402-00031618 You should put them on this side.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00156-00031618-00031782 [(PRO of arranging money)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00157-00031782-00031987 [LA NETFLIX OFFICE]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00158-00031987-00032116 Finally
eJPM3xtGDxA-00159-00032116-00032344 Going into the NETFLIX OFFICE.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00160-00032345-00032500 [(Thump)] [It is LA NETFLIX OFFICE]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00161-00032501-00032623 In this office,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00162-00032623-00032855 [They decorated the lobby with (Money Heist: Joint economic area) and (Squid Game)! I'm moved!]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00163-00032855-00032971 Seeing Hahoetal
eJPM3xtGDxA-00164-00032971-00033092 in this place is...
eJPM3xtGDxA-00165-00033092-00033200 Amazing...
eJPM3xtGDxA-00166-00033200-00033258 Finally I get to visit
eJPM3xtGDxA-00167-00033258-00033388 the head office
eJPM3xtGDxA-00168-00033388-00033524 [(Raise the sunglasses)] of NETFLIX?
eJPM3xtGDxA-00169-00033595-00033733 [(Really?)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00170-00033806-00033934 Oh...!
eJPM3xtGDxA-00171-00033993-00034339 [(Amazing, it's me...!)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00172-00034339-00034840 [(State of emergency behind the sunglasses)] [I was moved the whole time watching it]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00173-00034840-00035182 [I hope other actors could watch it with me]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00174-00035182-00035293 [I hope we all can be here next time!]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00175-00035293-00035348 This
eJPM3xtGDxA-00176-00035415-00035524 The staff who's been working here
eJPM3xtGDxA-00177-00035564-00035660 who did this
eJPM3xtGDxA-00178-00035660-00035686 in the past
eJPM3xtGDxA-00179-00035687-00035913 [I met a Korean staff working at LA office] Currently working at LA office.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00180-00035921-00036029 (So) where's my office?
eJPM3xtGDxA-00181-00036029-00036170 [I'm NETFLISOO...]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00182-00036170-00036606 [(Overwhelmed)] [They say it's the first time they decorate the lobby in one theme] First time decorating in one theme on the upper side.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00183-00036606-00036774 It's specially made...!
eJPM3xtGDxA-00184-00036774-00036931 I wish I'm not here alone.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00185-00036931-00037084 If other actors were with me,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00186-00037084-00037186 they'll be so thrilled.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00187-00037186-00037285 [(Crispy?)] Squid House...
eJPM3xtGDxA-00188-00037285-00037365 - 'What...?' - Squid House.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00189-00037365-00037502 [It's so catchy, I want to cry]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00190-00037502-00037586 Squid House.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00191-00037586-00037756 [It's funny though]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00192-00037756-00038207 [Got a zip-up hoodie of Money Heist]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00193-00038207-00038373 I love it.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00194-00038373-00038851 [(Chic and proud)] [I also love it very much]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00195-00038851-00039143 [(Changing)] [Do you know the secret of this outfit?]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00196-00039143-00039296 There's a hahoetal. Wow.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00197-00039297-00039594 [That hahoetal is on the hood]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00198-00039594-00039817 [(Dance)X2] There's hahoetal.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00199-00039817-00040117 [The theme of lobby changed into Squid Game] Now Squid Game.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00200-00040118-00040252 Oh!
eJPM3xtGDxA-00201-00040252-00040502 [(Sangwoo, Jo Sangwoo...!)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00202-00040503-00040806 [Berlin meets Jo Sangwoo and Jo Sangwoo meets Berlin] This guy looks like me.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00203-00040806-00040989 [(Me) / (And me)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00204-00041094-00041223 So cool.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00205-00041223-00041337 Very much.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00206-00041337-00041763 [NETFLIX displayed the Emmy award]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00207-00041935-00042038 So many awards.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00208-00042038-00042210 [I get energy from Emmy Garden]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00209-00042210-00042484 [(There are so many...!)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00210-00042484-00042908 [Take a picture before leaving]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00211-00042908-00043340 [Bye bye (Money Heist)] I still remember the days of Squid Game.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00212-00043340-00043516 I should have brought Hahoetal.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00213-00043516-00043665 There's no Hahoetal here, right?
eJPM3xtGDxA-00214-00043665-00043850 [Hahoetal... What a shame...]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00215-00043850-00043983 - Oh, yeah! - It's here.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00216-00043983-00044221 [Berlin and Berlin for the last time] Is he here?
eJPM3xtGDxA-00217-00044221-00044812 [Took a picture with the NETFLIX staff who guided us]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00218-00044855-00044972 Thank you for visiting.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00219-00044972-00045066 [(My pleasure!)] Thank you.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00220-00045066-00045524 [I wouldn't forget this temperature and humidity... OFFICE]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00221-00045524-00045634 Like this
eJPM3xtGDxA-00222-00045634-00045808 NETFLIX umm...
eJPM3xtGDxA-00223-00045808-00045938 [(Loading...)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00224-00045938-00046047 LA branch...?
eJPM3xtGDxA-00225-00046047-00046132 Am I right...?
eJPM3xtGDxA-00226-00046133-00046269 Thankfully,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00227-00046269-00046440 many people helped us
eJPM3xtGDxA-00228-00046440-00046578 so I sincerely did my best
eJPM3xtGDxA-00229-00046578-00046777 doing the schedules.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00230-00046854-00047131 And thank you for
eJPM3xtGDxA-00231-00047131-00047250 the cool decoration
eJPM3xtGDxA-00232-00047250-00047456 with (Money Heist) theme.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00233-00047552-00047735 In Korea,
eJPM3xtGDxA-00234-00047735-00047780 [(K-manner)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00235-00047780-00047899 I'll take off my glasses in manner.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00236-00047899-00048135 [(Smile)] Let's see as 'Berlin' in Korea again.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00237-00048235-00048347 Bye bye.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00238-00048347-00048453 [(Bye bye)]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00239-00048533-00048593 Bye bye.
eJPM3xtGDxA-00240-00048770-00048908 [Money Heist / Joint economic area]
eJPM3xtGDxA-00241-00048909-00049099 [Streaming now]
eK4yE54b-zy-00000-00001645-00001958 C'mon, Higehige. Hurry up already.
eK4yE54b-zy-00001-00002345-00002587 Huh? What are you guys doing?
eK4yE54b-zy-00002-00002733-00002849 What?!
eK4yE54b-zy-00003-00002850-00003229 "Mermaid Bomber is telling us to build a five-star hotel here"?
eK4yE54b-zy-00004-00003333-00003454 Hey, now!
eK4yE54b-zy-00005-00003466-00003787 well, Mermaid doesn't like sleeping in a tent.
eK4yE54b-zy-00006-00003787-00003883 What did you say?
eK4yE54b-zy-00007-00004000-00004224 Desert nights are so romantic!
eK4yE54b-zy-00008-00004225-00004462 I want to go on a date with him as soon as possible!
eK4yE54b-zy-00009-00004483-00004633 Who's "him"?
eK4yE54b-zy-00010-00004770-00004945 H-i-m.
eK4yE54b-zy-00011-00004966-00005008 H-i-m.
eK4yE54b-zy-00012-00005200-00005341 No way... him?!
eK4yE54b-zy-00013-00005354-00005612 Don't tell me you two are already an item!
eK4yE54b-zy-00014-00005933-00006029 You can't!
eK4yE54b-zy-00015-00006083-00006329 Anyone but Birdy!
eK4yE54b-zy-00016-00006329-00006437 Ah... My honey-!
eK4yE54b-zy-00017-00006437-00006574 Ah... My honey-!
eK4yE54b-zy-00018-00006925-00007079 What's wrong, Birdy?
eK4yE54b-zy-00019-00007120-00007283 It's nothing.
eK4yE54b-zy-00020-00016450-00016641 Fire's susceptible to water, eh?
eK4yE54b-zy-00021-00016687-00016974 It's ready. All right, let's eat dinner.
eK4yE54b-zy-00022-00017062-00017220 Shirobom, it's time to eat.
eK4yE54b-zy-00023-00017291-00017520 Look, I'm trying to think right now!
eK4yE54b-zy-00024-00017562-00017999 With your brain, you won't come up with anything worthwhile even if you spend a lot of time.
eK4yE54b-zy-00025-00018000-00018174 What's that supposed to mean?!
eK4yE54b-zy-00026-00018183-00018258 Here.
eK4yE54b-zy-00027-00018279-00018412 Hurry up and eat.
eK4yE54b-zy-00028-00018591-00018849 Ugh... ramen again?
eK4yE54b-zy-00029-00018920-00019274 Shout, can't you come up with something other than ramen for dinner?
eK4yE54b-zy-00030-00019300-00019449 want it to be char siu ramen?
eK4yE54b-zy-00031-00019475-00019691 l'll stuff you in the pot...
eK4yE54b-zy-00032-00019691-00019724 l'll stuff you in the pot...
eK4yE54b-zy-00033-00019737-00019799 Uh-oh.
eK4yE54b-zy-00034-00019854-00020287 You're being a smartass again, aren't you? Take that!
eK4yE54b-zy-00035-00020287-00020374 Char siu, eh? You're being a smartass again, aren't you? Take that!
eK4yE54b-zy-00036-00020527-00020767 The Sunrise bomb of Friendship
eK4yE54b-zy-00037-00022412-00022495 Shout.
eK4yE54b-zy-00038-00022662-00022758 Birdy...
eK4yE54b-zy-00039-00022841-00023008 Everyone has a weakness.
eK4yE54b-zy-00040-00023062-00023316 However, those weaknesses are a personal problem.
eK4yE54b-zy-00041-00023370-00023462 Leave him be.
eK4yE54b-zy-00042-00023633-00023733 Birdy...
eK4yE54b-zy-00043-00024791-00024962 Burning Fire Bomb!
eK4yE54b-zy-00044-00025195-00025308 it's no use, i tell you!
eK4yE54b-zy-00045-00025308-00025499 Bomber Shoot!
eK4yE54b-zy-00046-00026333-00026583 It's true that fire's susceptible to water.
eK4yE54b-zy-00047-00026629-00027095 I wonder what type of bomb I should use to combat against water bombs.
eK4yE54b-zy-00048-00027920-00028041 Underwear...
eK4yE54b-zy-00049-00028570-00028708 What the hell is he wearing them for?
eK4yE54b-zy-00050-00028708-00029095 We gave him a serious hint... Why doesn't he get it?
eK4yE54b-zy-00051-00029095-00029254 Because it's Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00052-00029391-00029545 Okay, time for the next hint.
eK4yE54b-zy-00053-00029575-00029916 It's not like i'm really trying to help Shirobom, though!
eK4yE54b-zy-00054-00029916-00030187 I've retired from the Jetterz, after all.
eK4yE54b-zy-00055-00030562-00030741 What's superior to water?
eK4yE54b-zy-00056-00032320-00032437 What the hell?!
eK4yE54b-zy-00057-00032491-00032695 He's really slow.
eK4yE54b-zy-00058-00032695-00032891 Don't modify me into a monkey, damn you!
eK4yE54b-zy-00059-00032891-00033112 What about the next hint?
eK4yE54b-zy-00060-00033112-00033166 Umm...
eK4yE54b-zy-00061-00033191-00033312 Umm...
eK4yE54b-zy-00062-00033350-00033462 I know!
eK4yE54b-zy-00063-00033600-00034062 Once he sees this, Shirobom will definitely realize that thunder is superior to water.
eK4yE54b-zy-00064-00034783-00034987 Whoa, he looks the same way like I do!
eK4yE54b-zy-00065-00035050-00035229 I wonder if these are in fashion.
eK4yE54b-zy-00066-00035554-00035766 Now that it' come to this, we'll have to use our last resort.
eK4yE54b-zy-00067-00036808-00036845 switch on!
eK4yE54b-zy-00068-00036845-00036891 Switch on!
eK4yE54b-zy-00069-00036920-00036958 Switch on!
eK4yE54b-zy-00070-00037554-00037895 Uh-oh, Gangu and Bongo are both burnt to a crisp.
eK4yE54b-zy-00071-00037895-00038008 So, you knew it was us?!
eK4yE54b-zy-00072-00038008-00038045 So, you knew it was us?!
eK4yE54b-zy-00073-00038045-00038120 Oh!
eK4yE54b-zy-00074-00038133-00038299 Not "oh", you demon!
eK4yE54b-zy-00075-00038300-00038612 Now do you understand what's superior to water?
eK4yE54b-zy-00076-00038612-00038687 Huh?
eK4yE54b-zy-00077-00038687-00038804 This isn't working.
eK4yE54b-zy-00078-00038808-00039062 Thunder is superior to water!
eK4yE54b-zy-00079-00039062-00039195 Oh, l see. Thunder...
eK4yE54b-zy-00080-00039195-00039320 Oh, l see. Thunder...
eK4yE54b-zy-00081-00039350-00039687 Jeez. we'll get exhausted if we keep dealing with Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00082-00039687-00039799 Let's go, Bongo.
eK4yE54b-zy-00083-00039895-00040320 I don't think I can come up with a thunder bomb on my own...
eK4yE54b-zy-00084-00040579-00040970 Could there be anyone who'll help me out?
eK4yE54b-zy-00085-00041129-00041274 What's wrong?
eK4yE54b-zy-00086-00041287-00041704 Er, well, it's not like we're trying to help Shirobom or anything,
eK4yE54b-zy-00087-00041704-00041937 and we retired from the Jetterz...
eK4yE54b-zy-00088-00041954-00042183 But Shirobom needs help.
eK4yE54b-zy-00089-00042404-00042879 I need a thunder bomb to defeat Mermaid Bomber...
eK4yE54b-zy-00090-00042879-00043166 Jeez, what shall l do?
eK4yE54b-zy-00091-00043483-00043670 Oh! Look, it's Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00092-00043741-00044054 we were just taking a walk in the moonlit desert.
eK4yE54b-zy-00093-00044054-00044162 What about you, Shirobom?
eK4yE54b-zy-00094-00044162-00044199 What about you, Shirobom?
eK4yE54b-zy-00095-00044208-00044633 Oh. Uh, i'm trying to develop a new bomb.
eK4yE54b-zy-00096-00044645-00044791 well, what a coincidence.
eK4yE54b-zy-00097-00044791-00045037 We just recently started a training business.
eK4yE54b-zy-00098-00045079-00045237 What? Training business?
eK4yE54b-zy-00099-00045279-00045512 Well, since we're old friends and all,
eK4yE54b-zy-00100-00045512-00045862 we can train you for free as a grand opening special.
eK4yE54b-zy-00101-00045862-00045958 Really?!
eK4yE54b-zy-00102-00046012-00046279 Let's make a new bomb together.
eK4yE54b-zy-00103-00046312-00046629 Yeah! Thanks, Gangu, Bongo!
eK4yE54b-zy-00104-00046641-00047045 You don't need to thank us. This is business, after all.
eK4yE54b-zy-00105-00047187-00047404 Now that it's been decided... let's train!
eK4yE54b-zy-00106-00047416-00047537 Okay!
eK4yE54b-zy-00107-00047908-00048170 I should make ramen for their midnight snack, too.
eK4yE54b-zy-00108-00048845-00049104 First, let's train with imagery.
eK4yE54b-zy-00109-00049120-00049441 Try to picture thunder that can rip the sky apart.
eK4yE54b-zy-00110-00050150-00050302 It's rumbling.
eK4yE54b-zy-00111-00050304-00050454 Keep going.
eK4yE54b-zy-00112-00051558-00051762 What? Did you finish picturing thunder?
eK4yE54b-zy-00113-00051787-00052004 My stomach's rumbling!
eK4yE54b-zy-00114-00052025-00052174 What the hell do you mean?
eK4yE54b-zy-00115-00052175-00052366 The desert gets chilly at night.
eK4yE54b-zy-00116-00052516-00053095 Thunder can occur when cold air flows in under a layer of warm air,
eK4yE54b-zy-00117-00053095-00053583 or when a strong vertical updraft occurs near the center of tropical depressions
eK4yE54b-zy-00118-00053583-00053987 as peripheral air currents flow inwards.
eK4yE54b-zy-00119-00053987-00054233 When electricity is released as thunder,
eK4yE54b-zy-00120-00054233-00054541 there is a large electical discharge, tens of thousands of amperes in magnitude.
eK4yE54b-zy-00121-00054604-00054895 I see. This is very educational.
eK4yE54b-zy-00122-00055491-00055824 If the bomb doesn't get completed soon, the ramen noodles will get soggy.
eK4yE54b-zy-00123-00056445-00056699 Damn it, I can't make it at all.
eK4yE54b-zy-00124-00056700-00056999 At this rate, l'll never be able to defeat Mermaid Bomber.
eK4yE54b-zy-00125-00057000-00057183 You can do it, Shirobom!
eK4yE54b-zy-00126-00057358-00057504 That's it.
eK4yE54b-zy-00127-00057504-00057662 Take those off!
eK4yE54b-zy-00128-00057879-00057983 My underwear?
eK4yE54b-zy-00129-00058033-00058174 That's right.
eK4yE54b-zy-00130-00058620-00058774 What are you doing?
eK4yE54b-zy-00131-00058787-00058954 I have an idea.
eK4yE54b-zy-00132-00059133-00059333 wear these!
eK4yE54b-zy-00133-00059408-00059758 If you wear these, it'll be easy to make a thunder bomb.
eK4yE54b-zy-00134-00059887-00059979 Th-That's right, Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00135-00059979-00060162 Bongo modified them to be that way.
eK4yE54b-zy-00136-00060162-00060333 Just try wearing them.
eK4yE54b-zy-00137-00061137-00061399 Can you feel the power welling up within you?
eK4yE54b-zy-00138-00061462-00061649 N-Now that you mention it...
eK4yE54b-zy-00139-00061650-00061808 Now that I mention it?
eK4yE54b-zy-00140-00061808-00061954 Oh, yeah!
eK4yE54b-zy-00141-00061954-00062179 I feel the Power!
eK4yE54b-zy-00142-00062283-00062374 Shirobom!
eK4yE54b-zy-00143-00062375-00062729 Pretend that i'm Mermaid Bomber and throw bombs at me!
eK4yE54b-zy-00144-00062762-00062858 Gangu!
eK4yE54b-zy-00145-00062858-00063079 Throw them without any hesitation!
eK4yE54b-zy-00146-00063079-00063329 What? But, if l do that...
eK4yE54b-zy-00147-00063329-00063520 I'm not Gangu.
eK4yE54b-zy-00148-00063595-00063845 I'm Mermaid.
eK4yE54b-zy-00149-00063937-00064162 As long as you're wearing those underwear, you'll do great.
eK4yE54b-zy-00150-00064162-00064412 I'm sure you'll be able to create an incredible bomb.
eK4yE54b-zy-00151-00064441-00064783 Shirobom, aim for Mermaid Bomber!
eK4yE54b-zy-00152-00065012-00065433 All right! You must complete the bomb that will defeat Mermaid Bomber!
eK4yE54b-zy-00153-00065608-00065683 Okay!
eK4yE54b-zy-00154-00065716-00065833 C'mon!
eK4yE54b-zy-00155-00066012-00066216 Thunder Bomb!
eK4yE54b-zy-00156-00066341-00066462 C'mon!
eK4yE54b-zy-00157-00066970-00067258 Bomber Shoot!
eK4yE54b-zy-00158-00068537-00068683 Gangu!
eK4yE54b-zy-00159-00068787-00068962 You did it, Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00160-00068962-00069145 Gangu, hold on!
eK4yE54b-zy-00161-00069254-00069420 I'm okay.
eK4yE54b-zy-00162-00069450-00069679 Good job, Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00163-00069679-00069787 Bongo..
eK4yE54b-zy-00164-00070345-00070712 This bomb shall now be known as the Sunrise Thunder Bomb.
eK4yE54b-zy-00165-00070750-00071004 Yup! Sunrise Thunder Bomb!
eK4yE54b-zy-00166-00071016-00071249 Now, you'll win for sure.
eK4yE54b-zy-00167-00071250-00071449 it's all thanks to you two!
eK4yE54b-zy-00168-00071450-00071624 well, we'll be moving along.
eK4yE54b-zy-00169-00071750-00072004 Our business with you is complete.
eK4yE54b-zy-00170-00072004-00072162 Farewell, Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00171-00072175-00072262 Gangu!
eK4yE54b-zy-00172-00072512-00072549 Bongo!
eK4yE54b-zy-00173-00072550-00072604 Bongo!
eK4yE54b-zy-00174-00073095-00073491 Gangu! Bongo!
eK4yE54b-zy-00175-00073645-00074024 Damn, l feel really good right now. it's great!
eK4yE54b-zy-00176-00074150-00074337 Gangu!
eK4yE54b-zy-00177-00074420-00074737 Gangu! You forgot your underwear!
eK4yE54b-zy-00178-00074754-00075024 He's right. I feel a draft.
eK4yE54b-zy-00179-00075025-00075079 Gah, that's not it!
eK4yE54b-zy-00180-00077641-00077774 Char siu ramen..
eK4yE54b-zy-00181-00078079-00078141 Hm?
eK4yE54b-zy-00182-00079358-00079504 Char siu ramen, eh?
eK4yE54b-zy-00183-00079812-00080112 What?! We don't have a pool in the garden?!
eK4yE54b-zy-00184-00080229-00080437 would you cut it out already? we're leaving!
eK4yE54b-zy-00185-00080458-00080849 we're going to give Bagura-sama the unique binoculars!
eK4yE54b-zy-00186-00080895-00080962 No! Mermaid's not going back until she has swam in a desert pool!
eK4yE54b-zy-00187-00080962-00081279 No! Mermaid's not going back until she has swam in a desert pool!
eK4yE54b-zy-00188-00081312-00081437 Absolutely not!
eK4yE54b-zy-00189-00081437-00081499 Absolutely not!
eK4yE54b-zy-00190-00081754-00081958 Uh... hey, Mermaid...
eK4yE54b-zy-00191-00082016-00082270 Father, you don't love me, do you?
eK4yE54b-zy-00192-00082441-00082599 Father doesn't love me.
eK4yE54b-zy-00193-00082600-00082816 Father doesn't love me.
eK4yE54b-zy-00194-00082816-00083137 All right, all right... We'll wait until the pool is finished.
eK4yE54b-zy-00195-00083162-00083324 You guys, hurry up and build it!
eK4yE54b-zy-00196-00083654-00083949 Damn it, I can't put up with this.
eK4yE54b-zy-00197-00084187-00084541 If we go back now, I won't be able to go on a date with Birdy.
eK4yE54b-zy-00198-00084883-00085137 Ooh! Birdy's cell phone number!
eK4yE54b-zy-00199-00085137-00085179 Ooh! Birdy's cell phone number!
eK4yE54b-zy-00200-00085179-00085320 Thank you, Higehige!
eK4yE54b-zy-00201-00085508-00085929 0h, I bet we'll want to see a movie and go shopping,
eK4yE54b-zy-00202-00085954-00086299 so build a cinema complex and shopping mall, too. Okay, Higehige?
eK4yE54b-zy-00203-00086691-00086916 Jeez, when will you stop being so depressed?
eK4yE54b-zy-00204-00087033-00087295 We have to search for the Higehige-dan.
eK4yE54b-zy-00205-00087333-00087558 It doesn't seem like they've left this planet yet, either.
eK4yE54b-zy-00206-00087608-00087912 I bet they're near an oasis somewhere.
eK4yE54b-zy-00207-00088291-00088362 Yes?
eK4yE54b-zy-00208-00088450-00088633 is this Birdy-san?
eK4yE54b-zy-00209-00088662-00089095 Mermaid's at a new hotel that was built in the West Desert,
eK4yE54b-zy-00210-00089112-00089399 and l thought it'd be nice if we had lunch together.
eK4yE54b-zy-00211-00089400-00089591 Well then, l'll be waiting!
eK4yE54b-zy-00212-00090141-00090245 What was that?
eK4yE54b-zy-00213-00090312-00090566 Mermaid Bomber is in the west Desert.
eK4yE54b-zy-00214-00090566-00090604 Mermaid Bomber is in the west Desert.
eK4yE54b-zy-00215-00090604-00090804 What? How did you find that out?
eK4yE54b-zy-00216-00090804-00091108 Shout, let's rush to the west Desert!
eK4yE54b-zy-00217-00091190-00091340 l'll pass.
eK4yE54b-zy-00218-00091350-00091416 What?
eK4yE54b-zy-00219-00091441-00091737 Oh, no. What shall I do? Birdy invited me out on a date!
eK4yE54b-zy-00220-00091737-00091858 Oh, no. What shall I do? Birdy invited me out on a date!
eK4yE54b-zy-00221-00091858-00091966 Oh, no. What shall I do? Birdy invited me out on a date!
eK4yE54b-zy-00222-00091991-00092233 You're the one who did the inviting.
eK4yE54b-zy-00223-00092233-00092512 Well, now that they know where Mermaid is,
eK4yE54b-zy-00224-00092512-00092762 we don't have to bother with telling them.
eK4yE54b-zy-00225-00092762-00093091 But, it's not as though i'm worried about Shirobom or anything!
eK4yE54b-zy-00226-00093125-00093287 Yeah, whatever.
eK4yE54b-zy-00227-00093687-00093991 It's true that the Shitennou are basically my children.
eK4yE54b-zy-00228-00094033-00094341 Even so, should I be spoiling her that much?
eK4yE54b-zy-00229-00094450-00094787 Still, it doesn't mean that admonishing your child is always the right thing to do.
eK4yE54b-zy-00230-00094979-00095237 Oh my god! He's here! Birdy-!
eK4yE54b-zy-00231-00095345-00095687 You're late! I was getting tired of waiting!
eK4yE54b-zy-00232-00095850-00096204 were you that eager to fight me?
eK4yE54b-zy-00233-00096275-00096524 You wretched little brat. Are you trying to get in the way of my date?
eK4yE54b-zy-00234-00096562-00096674 What? A "date"?
eK4yE54b-zy-00235-00096800-00096974 I won't lose this time!
eK4yE54b-zy-00236-00097033-00097149 You're so annoying.
eK4yE54b-zy-00237-00097150-00097187 You're so annoying.
eK4yE54b-zy-00238-00097187-00097491 Birdy, wait just a second. l'll get rid of this interruption right away!
eK4yE54b-zy-00239-00097491-00097537 Hey, don't ignore me!
eK4yE54b-zy-00240-00097537-00097641 So that's what's going on. Hey, don't ignore me!
eK4yE54b-zy-00241-00097641-00097712 Hey, don't ignore me!
eK4yE54b-zy-00242-00097754-00097966 Battle Field!
eK4yE54b-zy-00243-00098833-00099158 The glamorous mermaid princess, Mermaid Bomber!
eK4yE54b-zy-00244-00100262-00100391 What should I do--
eK4yE54b-zy-00245-00100445-00100599 Mermaid Bomber!
eK4yE54b-zy-00246-00100937-00101062 Shirobom...
eK4yE54b-zy-00247-00101345-00101549 Splash Water Bomb!
eK4yE54b-zy-00248-00101829-00102066 Bomber Shoot!
eK4yE54b-zy-00249-00103262-00103399 Good thinking!
eK4yE54b-zy-00250-00103400-00103754 As long as you're underwater, you won't get hit by her bombs!
eK4yE54b-zy-00251-00103912-00104008 Damned brat!
eK4yE54b-zy-00252-00104391-00104512 The nerve!
eK4yE54b-zy-00253-00104512-00104579 The nerve!
eK4yE54b-zy-00254-00104637-00104808 It's my turn!
eK4yE54b-zy-00255-00104883-00105024 You just don't get it, do you?
eK4yE54b-zy-00256-00105025-00105466 Your fire bombs don't have any effect on me!
eK4yE54b-zy-00257-00105529-00105674 Here I go!
eK4yE54b-zy-00258-00105758-00105941 I want to go on a date, damn it!
eK4yE54b-zy-00259-00105941-00106112 Stop getting in my way!
eK4yE54b-zy-00260-00106945-00107058 The underwear!
eK4yE54b-zy-00261-00107108-00107341 Bomber Shoot!
eK4yE54b-zy-00262-00108287-00108391 What will l do?
eK4yE54b-zy-00263-00108408-00108716 I can't make the Thunder Bomb without them...
eK4yE54b-zy-00264-00108925-00109095 Shirobom!
eK4yE54b-zy-00265-00109670-00109770 Gangu!
eK4yE54b-zy-00266-00109858-00110024 Here are the underwear!
eK4yE54b-zy-00267-00110112-00110174 Yeah!
eK4yE54b-zy-00268-00110333-00110537 All right!
eK4yE54b-zy-00269-00110762-00111054 Sunrise Thunder Bomb!
eK4yE54b-zy-00270-00111416-00111562 Awesome!
eK4yE54b-zy-00271-00111750-00112049 Bomber Shoot!
eK4yE54b-zy-00272-00112629-00112916 It's not really that great...
eK4yE54b-zy-00273-00113325-00113495 Mermaid Bomber!
eK4yE54b-zy-00274-00113529-00113620 He did it!
eK4yE54b-zy-00275-00113641-00113779 He did it!
eK4yE54b-zy-00276-00113779-00113970 You're awesome, Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00277-00114645-00114779 Mermaid Bomber!
eK4yE54b-zy-00278-00114854-00115008 Mermaid Bomber..
eK4yE54b-zy-00279-00115175-00115604 If I knew this was going to happen, I should've let you have your way more often...
eK4yE54b-zy-00280-00115933-00116024 What?
eK4yE54b-zy-00281-00116225-00116374 What the hell is this?!!!
eK4yE54b-zy-00282-00116420-00116662 Mermaid was shopping this much?!
eK4yE54b-zy-00283-00116662-00116749 Mermaid was shopping this much?!
eK4yE54b-zy-00284-00116804-00116920 Shirobom!
eK4yE54b-zy-00285-00117504-00117737 You got them back.
eK4yE54b-zy-00286-00117783-00117949 Your mission's complete.
eK4yE54b-zy-00287-00118008-00118199 it's all thanks to these underwear.
eK4yE54b-zy-00288-00118216-00118470 Those are just ordinary underwear.
eK4yE54b-zy-00289-00118537-00118720 There's no trick to using them.
eK4yE54b-zy-00290-00118850-00118929 Then..
eK4yE54b-zy-00291-00118995-00119124 It was all a lie.
eK4yE54b-zy-00292-00119141-00119499 we thought you would become confident enough to throw a functional bomb.
eK4yE54b-zy-00293-00119525-00119633 Gangu...
eK4yE54b-zy-00294-00119650-00119741 Bye now.
eK4yE54b-zy-00295-00119808-00119904 Gangu!
eK4yE54b-zy-00296-00120895-00121058 Oh, a Bomb Star!
eK4yE54b-zy-00297-00121087-00121208 What's this?
eK4yE54b-zy-00298-00121450-00121929 The Bomb Star must be symbolizing the friendship between Gangu, Bongo, and Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00299-00122029-00122366 Gangu, Bongo. You'll come back, won't you?
eK4yE54b-zy-00300-00122450-00122720 I love both of you very much!
eK4yE54b-zy-00301-00123129-00123224 Gangu...
eK4yE54b-zy-00302-00123333-00123483 Oh well. I guess we'll rejoin, just for you.
eK4yE54b-zy-00303-00123516-00123570 Really?
eK4yE54b-zy-00304-00123570-00123624 Really?
eK4yE54b-zy-00305-00123666-00123983 Gangu, please become the Jetterz' leader!
eK4yE54b-zy-00306-00123983-00124237 Yeah, please be really strict on the rest of us!
eK4yE54b-zy-00307-00124237-00124441 Gangu, you are the Jetterz!
eK4yE54b-zy-00308-00124441-00124674 I'm even willing to change our name to "Ganguz"!
eK4yE54b-zy-00309-00124675-00124829 well, since you're willing to go that far...
eK4yE54b-zy-00310-00124879-00125037 No one said anything like that.
eK4yE54b-zy-00311-00125037-00125129 Oh...
eK4yE54b-zy-00312-00125145-00125537 All right! l'll defeat the remaining Shitennou, too!
eK4yE54b-zy-00313-00125537-00125616 After all, l have...
eK4yE54b-zy-00314-00125616-00125729 After all, l have...
eK4yE54b-zy-00315-00125733-00125845 THREE
eK4yE54b-zy-00316-00126045-00126145 Bomb Stars.
eK4yE54b-zy-00317-00126187-00126349 Don't get carried away!
eK4yE54b-zy-00318-00126420-00126612 Oww!!
eK4yE54b-zy-00319-00127108-00127445 Afterwards, this hotel became known as "Hotel Mujyou",
eK4yE54b-zy-00320-00127445-00127749 and became a famous resort spot on Daaraku Planet.
eK4yE54b-zy-00321-00135616-00135704 How was todays story, everyone?
eK4yE54b-zy-00322-00135704-00135829 How was todays story, everyone?
eK4yE54b-zy-00323-00135845-00136020 we finally managed to defeat Mermaid Bomber
eK4yE54b-zy-00324-00136020-00136241 and change her back into Kyarabon.
eK4yE54b-zy-00325-00136241-00136429 Keep up the good work, Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00326-00136429-00136466 Keep up the good work, Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00327-00136475-00136529 Now, in the next episode.
eK4yE54b-zy-00328-00136529-00136599 Now, in the next episode...
eK4yE54b-zy-00329-00136600-00136808 Only two Shitennou remain.
eK4yE54b-zy-00330-00136808-00136929 Will it be Grand Bomber or Thunder Bomber who'll come after us next?
eK4yE54b-zy-00331-00136929-00137012 Will it be Grand Bomber or Thunder Bomber who'll come after us next?
eK4yE54b-zy-00332-00137012-00137329 But, just when we thought it'd be one of them... Max appeared in front of us!
eK4yE54b-zy-00333-00137379-00137679 Shirobom gets trapped inside a cave with Max!
eK4yE54b-zy-00334-00137679-00137754 Shirobom gets trapped inside a cave with Max!
eK4yE54b-zy-00335-00137800-00137874 Episode 19: Max and Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00336-00137875-00138058 Episode 19: Max and Shirobom.
eK4yE54b-zy-00337-00138058-00138408 From neighboring planets to the furthest reaches of the universe, we will be there! Jetterz!
epI7YBHBcSU-00000-00000370-00001070 The poll was focused on Indigenous issues, its the first ANU poll to have a focus on these issues. 
epI7YBHBcSU-00001-00001176-00001857 It asked a range of questions about Australian's attitudes towards indigenous issues, how significant they were
epI7YBHBcSU-00002-00001857-00002430 whether they thought a range of government policies had gone to far, or not  gone far enough or were about right.
epI7YBHBcSU-00003-00002472-00003044 It also asked about constitutional recognition which is a very topical issue at the moment.
epI7YBHBcSU-00004-00003096-00003894 The constitution, in 1967 referendum it removed references to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people but there are two references to race.
epI7YBHBcSU-00005-00003965-00004402 And so there is a current discussion, debate whether those references should be removed.
epI7YBHBcSU-00006-00004470-00005686 and when asked about this the vast majority of people supported or strongly supported the removal of mention of race as a sort of form of discrimination.
epI7YBHBcSU-00007-00005686-00006506 There was also very strong support for recognition of Aboriginal cultures and traditions and as being first people in the constitution.
epI7YBHBcSU-00008-00006614-00007318 We found that the vast majority of Australians see issues of welfare dependence and social disadvantage as important or very important
epI7YBHBcSU-00009-00007318-00007695 for Australia, not just for Indigenous peoples but for Australia as a whole.
epI7YBHBcSU-00010-00007740-00008560 There was strong support also for native title, land rights, constitutional recognition and particularly for self determination.
epI7YBHBcSU-00011-00008560-00009238 This idea that people should be able to choose for themselves there own way of life and have real control and influence over
epI7YBHBcSU-00012-00009238-00009476 decisions which impact upon them and their lives. 
epI7YBHBcSU-00013-00009536-00010294 Well about one third of people think that injustices are all in the past, and about two thirds, or a bit over two thirds of people
epI7YBHBcSU-00014-00010326-00010718 thought that injustices towards Indigenous people continued today.
epI7YBHBcSU-00015-00010784-00011410 So there is a recognition that injustices continue, theres also a strong recognition that the responsibility
epI7YBHBcSU-00016-00011410-00011754 for many of the issues faced by Indigenous people are not primarily 
epI7YBHBcSU-00017-00011814-00012256 Indidgenous people primarily responsible for there own problems, seventeen percent of people said that, 
epI7YBHBcSU-00018-00012256-00012900 but half said they were shared  responsibility caused by both the attitudes of other Australians, and government policies
epI7YBHBcSU-00019-00012900-00013758 and Indigenous people themselves, and about a third of people said that problems were primarily due to the attitudes of other Australians and government policies.
epI7YBHBcSU-00020-00013802-00014454 So the poll found that about eighty percent of people thought that Aboriginal people should be able to choose there own way of life.
epI7YBHBcSU-00021-00014491-00015066 There was strong support for cultural difference and the right to that. And there was 
epI7YBHBcSU-00022-00015066-00015919 strong support for additional government assistance to recognise disadvantage. So in broad terms and we didn't ask specifically 
epI7YBHBcSU-00023-00015919-00016392 about this question of where people live and whether that is a life style choice, but people would support
epI7YBHBcSU-00024-00016392-00016972 people making choices and that there is a recognition of people's connection to land and there rights to land
epI7YBHBcSU-00025-00016972-00017960 and native title, so its a complex issue, there are many factors but that kind of statement is not really sort of broad level supported by the findings from this poll.
eP1jDpT_6QU-00000-00044590-00044790 Subscribe
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eVsnr-wXtPE-00000-00000936-00001607 Hi, it's Ranger Mara. Welcome to our final episode of our watercolor wildflower workshop with Betty
eVsnr-wXtPE-00001-00001607-00002240 Gatewood, and I want to give a really big thank you to Betty for helping us to share her skills
eVsnr-wXtPE-00002-00002240-00002976 so that we can spend more time with nature and learn to draw and, and paint and have a good time
eVsnr-wXtPE-00003-00002976-00003511 with wildflowers. So, thank you very much, Betty. We really appreciate your help with this. So,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00004-00003511-00004336 now in our fourth episode, Betty's going to help you to finish your final illustration. Alright,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00005-00004336-00005048 so we're going to sketch this, and the first thing I'm going to do is--it's always best to
eVsnr-wXtPE-00006-00005424-00006048 work on a white surface, so that you can see
eVsnr-wXtPE-00007-00006520-00006872 the plant better. So, I'm going to move this over here
eVsnr-wXtPE-00008-00007095-00007800 and we're going to do this. Okay, alright, so we've got this plant and so you might want to even
eVsnr-wXtPE-00009-00007800-00008216 say I'm going to start here. Remember, this is your sketch, so it's not what you're going
eVsnr-wXtPE-00010-00008216-00008928 to paint on and we're going to go down to about here or so just to kind of give you perspective.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00011-00008928-00009568 If you use your pencil--if you don't have a ruler, you just say okay there's one, two, three,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00012-00009632-00010312 maybe four heights. The petals and the flower being one of them, so let's just say there's one,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00013-00010448-00011048 two, three, and four. So, the first part is going to be where the flower is
eVsnr-wXtPE-00014-00011184-00011632 and then the stem comes down this way, and some of the leaves come up around this way,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00015-00011768-00012400 so we're going to, um, first of all figure out where is the center of the flower. It's
eVsnr-wXtPE-00016-00012400-00012888 not in the middle of the view that you have. It's off to the side, so I'm going to put it
eVsnr-wXtPE-00017-00012888-00013991 right around in here and then the petals, if you can try to be a little graceful and use a real
eVsnr-wXtPE-00018-00013991-00014528 light touch--you don't want to bear down on this because if you make a mistake
eVsnr-wXtPE-00019-00014656-00015112 or if you want to change something, it's going to be harder to erase.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00020-00015168-00015760 So, we've got something like that. Well, I don't like that because this is too long,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00021-00015816-00016440 so we're going to come back and do that. Okay, the stem doesn't come right down--it
eVsnr-wXtPE-00022-00016440-00016984 has some grace to it, so it actually starts here and then it comes around
eVsnr-wXtPE-00023-00017184-00017960 and down, then this plant has what's called basal leaves that means it's at the base,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00024-00018024-00018720 so we're going to have that the base is right about in here. If that's the case one two,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00025-00018792-00019512 three, so, one, two, three. So, here's going to be the beginning of the stem and then the flat of
eVsnr-wXtPE-00026-00019512-00020656 the, um, the leaves are going to be here and down this way and you'll notice, too, that these leaves
eVsnr-wXtPE-00027-00020760-00021448 the center of the leaf is lighter color than the rest of the leaf, but we'll deal with that in a
eVsnr-wXtPE-00028-00021448-00021968 little bit. But, so, we're going to fill it in, and if you'll notice from that other photograph
eVsnr-wXtPE-00029-00022056-00022896 that often this is in a whole field of so many flowers and that sometimes you can't even see the,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00030-00022896-00023264 the basil leaves, and they'll be covered up with the flower at that time of the year.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00031-00023488-00024432 Okay, so I've got that and I'm just sketching. I'm not really worried so much about all the details,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00032-00024512-00025208 so, but I kind of like that it's okay, and I want to leave
eVsnr-wXtPE-00033-00025344-00025920 a little bit of a suggestion about the midvein of these leaves down here.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00034-00026360-00027488 Okay, so that is and I'll come back probably and adjust the very tips. I have a tendency to make
eVsnr-wXtPE-00035-00027488-00028495 some of the tips a little bit less, um, rounded, so we'll do that. Alright, so we got that now,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00036-00028495-00029200 what do we do? So, I went back and I re-did the petals and kind of did a little thing here,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00037-00029200-00029704 and you wonder what's all this scribbling about? That's the next step, and I'd already started
eVsnr-wXtPE-00038-00029704-00030280 on that. You take a soft-leaded pencil, and now, even though we did all the work on this,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00039-00030368-00031168 we need to get it onto better paper, so this is paper that's stiffer--it's almost like
eVsnr-wXtPE-00040-00031168-00031912 poster board, but it doesn't have a shine to it, and, um, so, I want to put this on here,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00041-00032039-00032639 and here's how you do it. So, you got this image and you can see that the flowers kind of arch to
eVsnr-wXtPE-00042-00032639-00033376 the right. That's how you want it, but then you come over here, and the first time I heard about
eVsnr-wXtPE-00043-00033376-00034080 doing this I was so scared because I saw them scribbling all over the paper that they had just
eVsnr-wXtPE-00044-00034080-00034944 sketched on until I realized, nope, you did it on the back. So, now you have this and you want
eVsnr-wXtPE-00045-00034944-00035632 to transfer it onto good paper, so that's when you put it on here and you center it. Sometimes,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00046-00035632-00036392 I'll tape it down with this. I don't think I need to, but then guess what? You get to sketch
eVsnr-wXtPE-00047-00036392-00037008 it. Again, you want to put it in the center--if you want in the center. Alright, so I'm looking
eVsnr-wXtPE-00048-00037008-00037592 at the petals and I have four petals, so it's not a monocot. It's a dicot, which means it has
eVsnr-wXtPE-00049-00037736-00038488 different, uh, number of, uh, stamens, and, um, chambers in the, in the pistol for the ovary,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00050-00038544-00039296 um, so I'm going to just go right back over it, and the other thing to remember about doing this
eVsnr-wXtPE-00051-00039296-00040048 is that you don't want to make it perfect, because sometimes flowers are not perfect,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00052-00040048-00040328 as a matter of fact, I don't know if you noticed that, but there's this little
eVsnr-wXtPE-00053-00040384-00041200 section right here it looks like an insect enabled to chew on a little bit of that, so I got that and
eVsnr-wXtPE-00054-00041200-00041808 the--I don't, and what I, oops, I forgot to do. So, I'm going to take a little bit there
eVsnr-wXtPE-00055-00041896-00042608 and it looks like a little oval right here in the center, and then the pistol comes up like that,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00056-00042808-00043584 so then the stem has to be right in line with the center of the flower, so we're going to do this
eVsnr-wXtPE-00057-00043672-00044048 and sometimes you know, you, you may not have to
eVsnr-wXtPE-00058-00044416-00045104 be exact on that, but you want to be pretty close. Alright, so this these, uh, leaves
eVsnr-wXtPE-00059-00045232-00046264 are actually behind the stem. Drew that one in a new one. Alright, and so we've got the leaves,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00060-00046264-00046864 and they're kind of overlapping here in the front, and then you got the ones behind
eVsnr-wXtPE-00061-00047168-00047960 and the number, well, if you want to be really specific about it, you could count the ones from
eVsnr-wXtPE-00062-00047960-00048704 each stem. Okay, so now what do you do? Well, you kind of hold on to it and see if what you
eVsnr-wXtPE-00063-00048704-00049856 are looking at is kind of what you want. So, at this point you've got this to work on,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00064-00050128-00050880 and you might want to come back and just do a little bit of light touch up or light erasing,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00065-00050880-00051648 like that's not quite right, so you're going to go do that and I'm going to put in a little bit
eVsnr-wXtPE-00066-00051840-00052600 of the midvein of the petal just so that I can remember, because if you remember
eVsnr-wXtPE-00067-00052784-00053640 the midveins on the flower are white with blue around them. That's tough to paint,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00068-00053640-00054200 but we're going to give it a try. The other thing I want to make sure that you notice, too, is that
eVsnr-wXtPE-00069-00054200-00055040 this color right here is not the same color as this color. So, the color variation
eVsnr-wXtPE-00070-00055040-00055776 is something that you'll need to, to acknowledge and try to represent on your flower.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00071-00055952-00056912 Okay, so I'm going to go ahead and do a little bit of paint on this and often what happens is that
eVsnr-wXtPE-00072-00057048-00057904 once I start painting I realize I want to do a different color right close to it,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00073-00057960-00058472 and I can't because it's still wet, so at this point you're going to need a paper towel,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00074-00058624-00059688 and you've got water; you’ve got paint; I'm going to take probably a medium-sized paint brush
eVsnr-wXtPE-00075-00059791-00060384 with keeping my, my flower so I can see it,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00076-00060600-00061152 and then I need my paint, so I'll just use these
eVsnr-wXtPE-00077-00061760-00062416 and you want to keep your water close to your paints, and you want to be able to
eVsnr-wXtPE-00078-00062512-00062808 have a paper towel in case you think that you get too much
eVsnr-wXtPE-00079-00062904-00063472 water. So, I'm going to use this, and don't, don't leave your paintbrush in water like that--that
eVsnr-wXtPE-00080-00063536-00064367 doesn't do the brush tip any good. So, you want brushes that have a nice tip and a point,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00081-00064424-00065079 so let's just see how I primed these earlier, um, and so we're going to
eVsnr-wXtPE-00082-00065216-00065976 use a little bit of paint and a little bit of water to make this, and so I'm going to just make
eVsnr-wXtPE-00083-00065976-00066960 sure that I don't get it too dark right now. Okay, I'm going to do that and I'm leaving the center
eVsnr-wXtPE-00084-00067200-00068176 of the flower without blue. Now, not every petal has to have every little white line, but I've got
eVsnr-wXtPE-00085-00068176-00069144 the essence of that. Okay, so I did that, but I really should have started with the center,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00086-00069200-00069760 but I'm going to go back and do it now because what would happen if I, if I put the yellow
eVsnr-wXtPE-00087-00069760-00070400 right next to the blue? You'd have green, and this flower's not green, so you want to
eVsnr-wXtPE-00088-00070496-00071072 keep those separate. So, I'm going to go back in here and do the kind of the golden center,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00089-00071136-00071584 and then leave it so that the pistol which is white can go up like that,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00090-00071736-00072280 and then let's just go ahead and do a couple more here.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00091-00072568-00073160 So, the touch is very light and I can come back and do it darker,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00092-00073248-00073968 but you can't make it too much lighter. There are ways to make mistakes and change your mistakes,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00093-00073968-00074384 but
eVsnr-wXtPE-00094-00074664-00075216 Okay, so you can see that the first petal was much darker, so what you can do is you can add a little
eVsnr-wXtPE-00095-00075216-00075976 bit more water to it, and you don't erase it, but you take your paper towel and you can blot it,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00096-00076072-00076528 and sometimes that will change it back to a little bit of a lighter color for you.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00097-00076808-00077440 Okay, let's do the last one and then we'll go on to a little something else. Now,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00098-00077440-00077968 you'll notice that it's not exactly like what the picture is.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00099-00078072-00078584 That's okay, that's okay because as I like to say, now, whose picture is this?
eVsnr-wXtPE-00100-00078640-00079624 It's your picture, and you can do it however you want to--you can make it darker out here
eVsnr-wXtPE-00101-00079824-00080480 if you want, but the thing is, too, of course is to try to be botanically correct.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00102-00080552-00081008 Alright, so let's go down here and we'll finish up with a couple of leaves on the bluet.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00103-00081128-00081712 I will tell you that I'm not a real fan of the green that's in the trays that you buy,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00104-00081712-00082360 so I will make my own green and you always start with the yellow and then you go with the blue
eVsnr-wXtPE-00105-00082440-00082728 and sometimes you get what you want. Remember, too, I'm going to do a,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00106-00082728-00083608 a couple of leaves down here and I'm going to try to remember that they also have a midvein
eVsnr-wXtPE-00107-00083800-00085040 that is lighter in color. Okay, and so do that for a couple of them here and then after this dries,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00108-00085040-00086080 I will come back and add layer after layer just to make it look a little bit more realistic. Okay,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00109-00086192-00086656 there's your stem and with this one you'd need a really tiny brush to get that,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00110-00086744-00087560 to get the depth in green, so that you have the shadow and sometimes it's hard to do. Okay,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00111-00087560-00088264 last thing I want to show you has to do with how to finish it off. So, we're going to take the pen
eVsnr-wXtPE-00112-00088336-00088792 and even though I probably would do this after I've all finished and this is a very,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00113-00088792-00089424 very fine pin, so we're going to go up and that little insect chewing part that I talked about,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00114-00089584-00090064 and we're going to go there and we're going to go here.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00115-00090432-00091184 To me, this just defines it a little bit more
eVsnr-wXtPE-00116-00091248-00091968 after it's all dry, then you can come back with your eraser and take the pencil marks off
eVsnr-wXtPE-00117-00092136-00092720 and then you're at liberty to play around a little bit more. Sometimes, this gives me more
eVsnr-wXtPE-00118-00092720-00093632 perspective, before I want to put darker blues or lighter and then also for this, um, excuse me,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00119-00093816-00094552 for the, uh, the center, and it actually was kind of like a little half moon, but it has
eVsnr-wXtPE-00120-00094552-00095120 little parts that stick out and then up comes the pistol. So, to me you can actually do a
eVsnr-wXtPE-00121-00095120-00095680 little bit more detail with that, and I can do a different color down here on the ground,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00122-00095680-00096416 but then I would take and put the water around and not touching the plant, because that would
eVsnr-wXtPE-00123-00096416-00096944 cause the blue to come out, and I want it to look like it's sort of a mostly sunny day,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00124-00097504-00098184 and you can go as far in as much water as you want, and then
eVsnr-wXtPE-00125-00098648-00098784 are you ready? Here we go.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00126-00099536-00100144 And, you can kind of, just kind of move it around and just kind of have fun with
eVsnr-wXtPE-00127-00100256-00100872 the paint that is not quite as detailed as the itty-bitty little stuff that we did down there,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00128-00100928-00101576 and then you can kind of spread it around, and it's, it's kind of like, oh, I get to do this now
eVsnr-wXtPE-00129-00101576-00102384 after doing all of those small things and kind of think about what the sky might look like on a
eVsnr-wXtPE-00130-00102592-00103335 on a bluet day, and then maybe even blending up a little bit kind of highlighting--kind
eVsnr-wXtPE-00131-00103559-00104344 of like that and on and on. Now, down here at the bottom, just briefly, we could do that, too.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00132-00104511-00104672 It was on a gravel
eVsnr-wXtPE-00133-00104904-00105304 road and
eVsnr-wXtPE-00134-00105744-00105840 kind of gravelly,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00135-00106159-00106656 um, so we'll just
eVsnr-wXtPE-00136-00107408-00108040 just growing right up out of the gravel on this fire road in the south district of Shenandoah.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00137-00108159-00108968 It just said “look at me! I'm here! I found some sunshine I want an insect to come and visit me!
eVsnr-wXtPE-00138-00109096-00109664 And, so you can, you know, you can make it as blobby blob as you want and you can bring the
eVsnr-wXtPE-00139-00109664-00110183 sky down as far as you want—whatever, uh, it's, it's your painting. So,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00140-00110264-00111072 um, you can leave it as white on or the flower on the white, or you can do background,
eVsnr-wXtPE-00141-00111183-00111456 you can use watercolor pencils, you can use
eVsnr-wXtPE-00142-00111711-00112088 colored pencils, you can use acrylics, you can use watercolors.
eVsnr-wXtPE-00143-00112088-00113583 And, I look forward to seeing what you come up with. Thank you.
ehHrMxg4VyI-00000-00000048-00000536 guys it looks like a perfect bra i no longer upload videos anymore,
ehHrMxg4VyI-00001-00000536-00001016 although it has been a day since this last video. i have been waiting a bit longer than
ehHrMxg4VyI-00002-00001016-00001664 i expected. i had been waiting for 10 minutes, and nothing happened. i reloaded it a thousand times.
ehOhffVtaT8-00000-00000000-00000480 All right hi everyone, so the last search trick that I want to share with you is the process for
ehOhffVtaT8-00001-00000480-00000996 searching within journals at Jenks. This can also be another really quick and powerful way
ehOhffVtaT8-00002-00000996-00001545 to help narrow down your search a little bit. So I mentioned in the Searching the Database video that
ehOhffVtaT8-00003-00001545-00002028 it's always a good idea to start paying attention to the types of journals or the names of journals
ehOhffVtaT8-00004-00002028-00002529 that are appearing over and over again in your search. Oftentimes when we conduct research,
ehOhffVtaT8-00005-00002529-00003036 we see a collection of journals that seem to be publishing information about our topic,
ehOhffVtaT8-00006-00003036-00003567 so take note of those and when you do find the name of a journal, you can actually come here
ehOhffVtaT8-00007-00003567-00004164 to our library homepage. Go over to the journals tab and use this search journal finder feature to
ehOhffVtaT8-00008-00004164-00004713 search by name of the journal that you're looking for, and then search within it. If you are doing,
ehOhffVtaT8-00009-00004713-00005046 if you're wondering, well, I really want to do that, that sounds like a good idea,
ehOhffVtaT8-00010-00005046-00005643 but I don't know any journals about my particular topic, you can actually use the second link down
ehOhffVtaT8-00011-00005643-00006378 here where it says use BrowZine. BrowZine is a browsable journal database essentially that
ehOhffVtaT8-00012-00006378-00006936 pulls from all of our major databases and any other subscriptions, online subscriptions that
ehOhffVtaT8-00013-00006936-00007404 we might have, so if you're not sure what journals to look for, or which ones yet,
ehOhffVtaT8-00014-00007404-00007895 you can come over here, and you can browse by subject area. So Communication and Fine Arts live
ehOhffVtaT8-00015-00007895-00008385 under the social science and behavioral science subject area, so you can come in there and then
ehOhffVtaT8-00016-00008385-00008877 click on communications and journalism, and get a further subject breakdown of major communication
ehOhffVtaT8-00017-00008877-00009495 journals with that we have available. So you can come over here and maybe pick one. Let's go down
ehOhffVtaT8-00018-00009495-00009993 to this one about rhetoric, composition, and speech since that's the example that
ehOhffVtaT8-00019-00009993-00010581 we're working with. And a really good one for this particular student was rhetoric in public affairs,
ehOhffVtaT8-00020-00010644-00011256 so we could come in here and see the current volume that's available and then drill into other
ehOhffVtaT8-00021-00011256-00011865 ones as well. So BrowZine can be a way for you to actually discover what journals might be out there
ehOhffVtaT8-00022-00011865-00012348 on your particular topic, but to search within it we are actually going to go back to the home page,
ehOhffVtaT8-00023-00012348-00012804 and now I'm going to click on that search journal finder, so I'm going to type in the name of the
ehOhffVtaT8-00024-00012804-00013172 journal. I'm looking for Rhetoric and Public Affairs and click search, and what I'm looking
ehOhffVtaT8-00025-00013172-00013660 for is does Jenks have access to this, and yes, it does in two different options here. So we could
ehOhffVtaT8-00026-00013660-00014185 search either CMMC or we could search the JSTOR. I'm going to pick CMMC since that's a database
ehOhffVtaT8-00027-00014185-00014728 that we are familiar with if you've watched the other video I created for you. So when we land on
ehOhffVtaT8-00028-00014728-00015319 the journal landing page within our CMMC database, we can click on this link that says search within
ehOhffVtaT8-00029-00015319-00015891 this publication, and then this allows us, notice on our search box at the top here has a little
ehOhffVtaT8-00030-00015891-00016341 JN for journal, so we're searching within this particular journal and then we can throw in some
ehOhffVtaT8-00031-00016341-00016843 keywords, so let's keep with our keywords that we were working with before. We're gonna do rhetoric
ehOhffVtaT8-00032-00016843-00017419 again on my first line, and then we also want to do division. Go ahead and click search. So it's
ehOhffVtaT8-00033-00017419-00017914 the same search box that we were seeing before. Same search construction as when we were doing the
ehOhffVtaT8-00034-00017914-00018460 database search, but we're searching in a little bit different way searching within a journal here,
ehOhffVtaT8-00035-00018460-00018988 so we get a list of five results, but the idea behind searching within a journal is that you're
ehOhffVtaT8-00036-00018988-00019615 scoping your search a little bit to be a little bit narrower, and hopefully a little bit more
ehOhffVtaT8-00037-00019615-00020053 specific to what it is that we are looking for, so pay attention to those journals that you're
ehOhffVtaT8-00038-00020053-00020407 seeing a lot. Try to use a search within this feature, and you can use some basic
ehOhffVtaT8-00039-00020407-00020803 keywords to see if there's other potential articles that might be out there. Thanks!
ehRl0UcyhKI-00000-00001101-00001429 ♪ I can take you anywhere Jump into my back seat ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00001-00001429-00001689 ♪ Take you anywhere jump into my (Jump!) ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00002-00001689-00001997 ♪ You're the only cure Better than a vaccine ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00003-00001997-00002222 ♪ Better than a vaccine better than a ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00004-00002245-00002869 ♪ Let's go Sky is the limit when I'm with her Five seconds were enough to fell in ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00005-00002872-00003253 ♪ Love with her she's amazing Wish I have a power to ♪ 
ehRl0UcyhKI-00006-00003256-00003423 ♪ Stop stop the time ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00007-00003426-00003723 ♪ Give me one more night I'm faded ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00008-00003727-00003984 ♪ I'm jaded without you ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00009-00003987-00004301 ♪ Even though I'm overrated ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00010-00004301-00004577 ♪ You're way too good for  me ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00011-00004581-00005138 ♪ I won't let her go X3 No matter what ♪ 
ehRl0UcyhKI-00012-00005141-00005545 ♪ Give me one more night and save me ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00013-00006002-00006102 (Okay)
ehRl0UcyhKI-00014-00006836-00007380 ♪Heart of gold yeah she's kinda rich (Damn rich damn damn) ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00015-00007380-00007951 ♪ My only way to catch up is bleach (Just a blonde in disguise) ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00016-00007954-00008132 ♪ I'm used to kissing with an alcohol ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00017-00008132-00008285 ♪ Just to feel not alone ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00018-00008285-00008410 ♪ Wasting my youth with ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00019-00008410-00008570 ♪ Broken heart's dialog ♪ 
ehRl0UcyhKI-00020-00008570-00008842 ♪ Fragile heart just as a nylon ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00021-00008842-00009147 ♪ But her kiss is enough to  Bring me back to life yeah ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00022-00009147-00009416 ♪ Sky is the limit when I'm with her ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00023-00009426-00009719 ♪ Five seconds were enough to fell in ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00024-00009719-00009980 ♪ Love with her she's amazing ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00025-00009984-00010296 ♪ Wish I have a power to stop top the time ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00026-00010296-00010577 ♪ Give me one more night I'm faded  ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00027-00010577-00010852 ♪ I'm jaded without you ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00028-00010852-00011140 ♪ Even though I'm overrated ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00029-00011140-00011427 ♪ You're way too good for me ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00030-00011427-00012006 ♪ I won't let her go X3 No matter what ♪
ehRl0UcyhKI-00031-00012006-00012304 ♪ Give me one more night and save me ♪
eiO6QCFoTDA-00000-00001518-00001854 When I came off the horse the ground was very hard - it was February -
eiO6QCFoTDA-00001-00001854-00002232 and in fact, when the accident had happened
eiO6QCFoTDA-00002-00002232-00002499 the horse had started to buck and rear and then she
eiO6QCFoTDA-00003-00002499-00002992 just completely exploded and I was kind of rag-dolled down the saddle so I think,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00004-00002992-00003308 I think my back took a bit of a pounding then anyway because I do remember
eiO6QCFoTDA-00005-00003309-00003905 before I came off going right back and hitting my back on the cantle of the
eiO6QCFoTDA-00006-00003905-00004212 saddle, the raised bit at the back.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00007-00004212-00004401 But then when I eventually did come off
eiO6QCFoTDA-00008-00004401-00005068 I came off the horse's back end and my friend said that I landed on the ground
eiO6QCFoTDA-00009-00005068-00005414 initially in a sitting position so my spine took the full impact of me
eiO6QCFoTDA-00010-00005414-00005914 coming down on frozen ground and then the rest of me coming down on the top.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00011-00005914-00006356 They admitted me and I was kept on  a spinal bed, which is to say that I was
eiO6QCFoTDA-00012-00006357-00006734 completely flat.  All I could do was turn my head from that side to that side and
eiO6QCFoTDA-00013-00006734-00007377 that was for a week, which was the singularly most unpleasant experience of
eiO6QCFoTDA-00014-00007377-00007856 my life - it was just awful - when it was time for food they would put a towel on my
eiO6QCFoTDA-00015-00007856-00008348 chest and a bowl and a spoon  and I'd just have to lie there.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00016-00008348-00009134 After a few days they brought a skeleton on wheels,  kind of thing, and explained to me exactly where
eiO6QCFoTDA-00017-00009134-00009510 the injury was and that what had happened in my case
eiO6QCFoTDA-00018-00009510-00009726 - it hadn't been a forceful injury
eiO6QCFoTDA-00019-00009726-00009970 that had broken it across the way
eiO6QCFoTDA-00020-00009970-00010290 but it had... my spine had compressed to
eiO6QCFoTDA-00021-00010290-00010898 such an extent that the vertebrae  had shattered basically.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00022-00010898-00011448 When they came to fit me with the corset,  I remember that the chap that came
eiO6QCFoTDA-00023-00011448-00011787 had come from Newcastle and he introduced himself and said
eiO6QCFoTDA-00024-00011787-00012248 we've come from Newcastle because you were such  an interesting case and my heart kind of sank.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00025-00012248-00012576 As soon as anyone medical says  'an interesting case'
eiO6QCFoTDA-00026-00012576-00012754 you just kind of think the worst, don't you.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00027-00012762-00013096 I had a few physio appointments; I had some hydrotherapy
eiO6QCFoTDA-00028-00013096-00013372 and I was going and seeing Gisela  and having the Reiki.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00029-00013372-00013696 So in my mind it worked in tandem with the
eiO6QCFoTDA-00030-00013696-00013872 physical exercises that they were giving me
eiO6QCFoTDA-00031-00013872-00014136 to try and loosen things up again.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00032-00014136-00014538 I met Mags at a business networking meeting.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00033-00014538-00014888 We were matched with other people present at the meeting and we kind of
eiO6QCFoTDA-00034-00014888-00015308 had to introduce ourselves and do  an elevator pitch kind of thing
eiO6QCFoTDA-00035-00015312-00015456 - summarize what we were doing.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00036-00015456-00015684 I found Gisela's talk really interesting but I have to
eiO6QCFoTDA-00037-00015684-00016178 confess that I was still a little reluctant to accept
eiO6QCFoTDA-00038-00016178-00016420 that her enthusiasm
eiO6QCFoTDA-00039-00016420-00016610 was actually right.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00040-00016610-00017078 So I happened to be matched with Mags and she had only just
eiO6QCFoTDA-00041-00017078-00017526 broken her spine she was still sitting there - like obviously she was
eiO6QCFoTDA-00042-00017526-00017865 recovered to an extent that she could attend meetings but she had a spinal
eiO6QCFoTDA-00043-00017865-00018232 corset on it was evident to me that  she was in a lot of pain.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00044-00018234-00018512 I couldn't sit for long periods of time without getting sore
eiO6QCFoTDA-00045-00018512-00018704 and she quickly picked up on that fact.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00046-00018704-00019038 I said to her look this is what I do and you know I could see that you're
eiO6QCFoTDA-00047-00019038-00019414 not comfortable "Can I just place  my hand on your back?"
eiO6QCFoTDA-00048-00019414-00019708 And, you know, within five minutes or so
eiO6QCFoTDA-00049-00019708-00019934 she felt so much less pain.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00050-00019934-00020400 Quite quickly I could feel the tension
eiO6QCFoTDA-00051-00020400-00020834 easing in it actually  - it was really weird.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00052-00020834-00020969 So that was when I first
eiO6QCFoTDA-00053-00020969-00021316 started to think that there might be something to it.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00054-00021316-00022030 Reiki had always been something that had a sort of a sense of the 1960s about it and
eiO6QCFoTDA-00055-00022030-00022184 I don't know, I thought...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00056-00022184-00022462 I had a perception that it was
eiO6QCFoTDA-00057-00022462-00023060 something a bit flaky, that didn't really have any place in medicine at all
eiO6QCFoTDA-00058-00023060-00023492 and that was unlikely to have any benefits to me.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00059-00023492-00023684 I really didn't have a great
eiO6QCFoTDA-00060-00023684-00023860 feeling about it, at all.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00061-00023960-00024156 I feel completely different about Reiki now
eiO6QCFoTDA-00062-00024156-00024356 because I know it worked, for me.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00063-00024356-00024768 I can hand on my heart say that it absolutely worked.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00064-00024768-00025212 Reiki is a really simple and accessible hand healing modality.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00065-00025212-00025776 It originates in Japan in the 1920s and one of the benefits or one of the beauties
eiO6QCFoTDA-00066-00025776-00026308 of Reiki is that it just accelerates what the body naturally wants to do anyway.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00067-00026308-00026845 As well as the physical injury I was very stressed about things as well.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00068-00026845-00027164 Probably quite obviously - looking back on it - because it was a huge
eiO6QCFoTDA-00069-00027164-00027752 upheaval and everything else but after that session I just felt so relaxed
eiO6QCFoTDA-00070-00027752-00028038 I felt like had been on a fortnight's holiday.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00071-00028038-00028336 And when I came home
eiO6QCFoTDA-00072-00028336-00028833 I went to bed and I went straight to sleep which hadn't happened for
eiO6QCFoTDA-00073-00028833-00029083 quite some time beforehand.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00074-00029083-00029544 And I had also been diagnosed  with depression because
eiO6QCFoTDA-00075-00029544-00029922 at the same time as all of this was happening  my son had been posted to Afghanistan
eiO6QCFoTDA-00076-00029922-00030092 on active service.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00077-00030092-00030298 So I had been taking anti-depressants
eiO6QCFoTDA-00078-00030298-00030633 and I was able to come away from them quite quickly.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00079-00030633-00030939 And the only thing that I was doing differently
eiO6QCFoTDA-00080-00030939-00031298 was that I was going and seeing Gisela and having Reiki
eiO6QCFoTDA-00081-00031298-00031666 So there is in my mind no doubt that
eiO6QCFoTDA-00082-00031666-00032088 that was the factor that helped to shift things.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00083-00032088-00032464 The movement is fine now -  I can walk for miles I can walk hills
eiO6QCFoTDA-00084-00032464-00032784 I can lift things, I can horse ride...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00085-00032784-00033106 You know, if people didn't know I'd had the accident
eiO6QCFoTDA-00086-00033106-00033530 they wouldn't look at me  and think that I'd had any kind of a back injury -
eiO6QCFoTDA-00087-00033530-00033768 I wear heels, I'm normal.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00088-00033852-00034168 Jikiden Reiki is probably - I think it's fair to say
eiO6QCFoTDA-00089-00034168-00034722 - is as close as it's possible  to now get back to how Reiki
eiO6QCFoTDA-00090-00034722-00035138 was conceived of in Japan by Mikao Usui.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00091-00035138-00035400 It's the same Reiki as
eiO6QCFoTDA-00092-00035400-00035682 is so well known here in the West
eiO6QCFoTDA-00093-00035682-00036042 with the exception that it hasn't undergone any process of
eiO6QCFoTDA-00094-00036044-00036262 adaptation for Westerners
eiO6QCFoTDA-00095-00036262-00036682 so it's in its original Japanese form.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00096-00037092-00037246 He was out on his mountain bike,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00097-00037246-00037488 just a normal weekend
eiO6QCFoTDA-00098-00037488-00037680 - happened all the time and
eiO6QCFoTDA-00099-00037680-00037924 I was just out doing some field work and
eiO6QCFoTDA-00100-00037924-00038092 I got a text.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00101-00038092-00038400 "Bad news. Sorry but I've had an accident'
eiO6QCFoTDA-00102-00038400-00038732 I'm going to need to go to Accident & Emergency.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00103-00038732-00039076 It was basically a small drop with a sort of double in between.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00104-00039076-00039564 As I went off the drop I didn't carry enough speed I had it mixed up with another one and
eiO6QCFoTDA-00105-00039564-00039858 so the front wheel got caught in the gap
eiO6QCFoTDA-00106-00039858-00040136 I got pivoted over the front wheel
eiO6QCFoTDA-00107-00040136-00040336 and I landed face first.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00108-00040336-00040740 When we arrived at the hospital  in the Accident & Emergency
eiO6QCFoTDA-00109-00040740-00041184 he was just about able to walk in himself but then once we actually got in there
eiO6QCFoTDA-00110-00041184-00041586 you know he kind of fell over and
eiO6QCFoTDA-00111-00041586-00041960 his breathing was very shallow and he was a lot of pain.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00112-00041960-00042442 I was able to just give him Reiki at that point
eiO6QCFoTDA-00113-00042442-00042787 while all the medical staff were there and you know they were very helpful they
eiO6QCFoTDA-00114-00042787-00043080 pulled up a chair for me so that  I could sit right beside him.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00115-00043080-00043584 Within a few minutes of me actually just putting  my hands on his lungs his heart rate
eiO6QCFoTDA-00116-00043584-00043870 reduced by about 10 beats per minute
eiO6QCFoTDA-00117-00043870-00044078 in the space of maybe a few minutes.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00118-00044078-00044422 The fact that Elaine was there and giving Reiki at the same time
eiO6QCFoTDA-00119-00044422-00044906 or able to give me Reiki, certainly then  calms you all down and makes things easier.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00120-00044906-00045328 The medical staff has said to us basically to expect,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00121-00045328-00045646 you know, for him to get quite black eyes
eiO6QCFoTDA-00122-00045646-00045950 because there was quite a lot of damage around his face.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00123-00045950-00046266 So they said "Your eyes are going to be pretty black, both of them.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00124-00046266-00046646 But after three days of Reiki treatments
eiO6QCFoTDA-00125-00046646-00046906 his eyes hadn't gone black at all
eiO6QCFoTDA-00126-00046906-00047204 - there was no visible signs of bruising on the surface.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00127-00047204-00047562 I don't remember a huge amount of the actual Reiki session but I do remember
eiO6QCFoTDA-00128-00047562-00048140 feeling an awful lot better, I do remember feeling that things like
eiO6QCFoTDA-00129-00048140-00048440 I didn't miss any days at work through it, which is more than
eiO6QCFoTDA-00130-00048440-00048924 surprising considering  - broken ribs, fractured skull etc.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00131-00048924-00049252 Quite a lot of the Reiki,  because he was so uncomfortable,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00132-00049252-00049572 you couldn't necessarily always get up on the massage table like I would do with
eiO6QCFoTDA-00133-00049572-00049886 another client so a lot of this stuff happened just on the sofa
eiO6QCFoTDA-00134-00049886-00050228 so it was all quite natural.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00135-00050228-00050542 You know, I'm certainly back to  the way I was before the accident,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00136-00050542-00050810 or if not better than before the accident.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00137-00050810-00051034 I'm back biking as much as I ever did and I'm now also
eiO6QCFoTDA-00138-00051034-00051322 running as well, on top of that, so I'm definitely
eiO6QCFoTDA-00139-00051322-00051654 in a better place than I was, even prior to the accident.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00140-00051654-00052002 You can offer reiki when there isn't really anything that you can otherwise do
eiO6QCFoTDA-00141-00052002-00052557 practically to help so it was good in terms of my emotional well-being
eiO6QCFoTDA-00142-00052557-00052874 that you can support your family  - that there's always something you can do.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00143-00053532-00054350 My mum started doing Reiki with Gisela then she started to give me Reiki and
eiO6QCFoTDA-00144-00054350-00054977 then when I went and did the first seminar I started using it with the
eiO6QCFoTDA-00145-00054977-00055355 children who said "No, you're not doing that weird stuff with me."
eiO6QCFoTDA-00146-00055355-00055855 and then I did... and then they felt it
eiO6QCFoTDA-00147-00055855-00056114 and
eiO6QCFoTDA-00148-00056124-00056810 it sparked their interest and they found themselves asking for Reiki and then they
eiO6QCFoTDA-00149-00056810-00057288 found themselves wanting to be able to give Reiki and use Reiki on themselves.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00150-00057288-00057790 I used to get really sore stomach  - really bad stomach cramps,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00151-00057790-00057994 or splitting headache
eiO6QCFoTDA-00152-00057994-00058254 and wouldn't be able to go to sleep so it just allowed me to fall
eiO6QCFoTDA-00153-00058254-00058452 asleep in about five minutes, or so.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00154-00058452-00058816 I can remember going into Kalzie's room at night - lots
eiO6QCFoTDA-00155-00058816-00059250 - she's be wound up and agitated and not want to speak to
eiO6QCFoTDA-00156-00059250-00059729 anybody and upset and we weren't able to communicate that to us - whatever it
eiO6QCFoTDA-00157-00059729-00060083 was we were unable to speak about it but she would let me give her Reiki and she
eiO6QCFoTDA-00158-00060083-00060404 didn't want me to put my hands on her head to do it so I would say at the end
eiO6QCFoTDA-00159-00060404-00061019 of her bed just under the duvet and I just put my hands on her feet
eiO6QCFoTDA-00160-00061058-00061538 within moments she was asleep - she was gone.  And then I'd find her saying
eiO6QCFoTDA-00161-00061538-00061772 "Can you come and give me some Reiki?"
eiO6QCFoTDA-00162-00061772-00061996 The reason I wanted to learn is because I had a
eiO6QCFoTDA-00163-00061997-00062798 friend who suffered from OCD I wanted to see if it could help them in any way
eiO6QCFoTDA-00164-00062798-00063214 because they would get really stressed or wound up and the OCD it can
eiO6QCFoTDA-00165-00063214-00063591 stop you from sleeping because you just get a...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00166-00063591-00064149 I don't understand it, I've never had it, but,  like a loop of worries that go round
eiO6QCFoTDA-00167-00064150-00064678 in your head. So I learned it to see if it would then make a difference to that person.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00168-00064678-00065026 It had had an amazing effect.   They were very skeptical to start with.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00169-00065026-00065474 I was really skeptical when I first heard about it but I decided to try it because
eiO6QCFoTDA-00170-00065476-00065920 I thought if... there was nothing to lose - so if it did work it would make a big difference
eiO6QCFoTDA-00171-00065920-00066328 and if it didn't,  then I hadn't lost anything the process
eiO6QCFoTDA-00172-00066328-00066738 But no - it made a big difference and knowing  that if they got stuck in being
eiO6QCFoTDA-00173-00066738-00067308 really stressed or worried about something there was a way out of it.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00174-00067426-00067724 I was the last one of the family to do it - I think Kailzie and Corey
eiO6QCFoTDA-00175-00067724-00068034 did it before me because I was incredibly skeptical about all of it.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00176-00068162-00068644 But... That worked against you, didn't it?  Because you rely on "Prove it and I'll believe it."
eiO6QCFoTDA-00177-00068646-00068858 So we proved it and she believed it.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00178-00068858-00069178 Well, do you know, as soon as  I saw it working for myself then
eiO6QCFoTDA-00179-00069178-00069368 I'm happy to believe it.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00180-00069538-00069906 I got an infection in my jaw and Granny fixed it
eiO6QCFoTDA-00181-00069908-00070128 So I was like "I want to be able to do this".
eiO6QCFoTDA-00182-00070182-00070478 Kailzie is a skeptic and Caitlin's a scientist
eiO6QCFoTDA-00183-00070480-00071036 So you know both of them were very... they were VERY skeptical at first
eiO6QCFoTDA-00184-00071036-00071300 Corrie was the one who
eiO6QCFoTDA-00185-00071300-00071456 it made sense to immediately
eiO6QCFoTDA-00186-00071458-00071810 We were at Traquair and one of my friends was... he tried to do a backflip
eiO6QCFoTDA-00187-00071810-00071916 on the trampoline
eiO6QCFoTDA-00188-00071916-00072104 and landed on his head and I thought
eiO6QCFoTDA-00189-00072104-00072460 "I wonder, you know, if I could if I could DO Reiki, if I could actually
eiO6QCFoTDA-00190-00072460-00072874 do much to help him and you know I've used it times like that but
eiO6QCFoTDA-00191-00072874-00073332 that was the first time I thought "I want to learn,  I wanna, you know, go through the course
eiO6QCFoTDA-00192-00073334-00073476 and do Reiki.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00193-00073572-00073866 I stayed away just because I wasn't sure
eiO6QCFoTDA-00194-00073868-00074430 So then Amanda's mum got involved and then Amanda got involved so then I started to become
eiO6QCFoTDA-00195-00074430-00074996 the recipient of Amanda offering me some Reiki when there was something happening for me.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00196-00074996-00075504 So then you begin to notice that something very tangible happens when you
eiO6QCFoTDA-00197-00075504-00075862 receive Reiki...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00198-00075862-00076014 But I stayed away still for quite a long
eiO6QCFoTDA-00199-00076014-00076232 time , didn't I? And eventually...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00200-00076232-00076470 Well, you poo-pooed it as well, though didn't you.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00201-00076470-00076758 Well, I stayed away from it...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00202-00076758-00076966 in all sorts of ways...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00203-00076966-00077348 "Yeah, yeah, sure... Just keep it over there please"
eiO6QCFoTDA-00204-00077348-00077610 So I don't know if I know why it shifted in me...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00205-00077616-00077934 At some point it shifted me and I decided to say "yes".
eiO6QCFoTDA-00206-00077934-00078144 When my dad got dementia
eiO6QCFoTDA-00207-00078144-00078494 that really became significant for me so by then I had trained
eiO6QCFoTDA-00208-00078494-00079162 So this three years ago, four years ago, must be four years ago when I trained.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00209-00079162-00079400 And my dad had dementia and that
eiO6QCFoTDA-00210-00079400-00079884 for me felt like a really valuable opportunity to offer him
eiO6QCFoTDA-00211-00079884-00080100 something that was just between me him.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00212-00080148-00080520 And he would become a bit more animated,  wouldn't he?
eiO6QCFoTDA-00213-00080520-00081012 Well, he'd relaxed, he'd be less sore  and then become more available
eiO6QCFoTDA-00214-00081012-00081538 Yeah, he would maybe open his eyes, and that was when he was really ill, wasn't it?
eiO6QCFoTDA-00215-00081538-00081830 And he might open his eyes more,  he might try and kind of communicate...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00216-00081830-00082482 he just came into the room more  when you were giving him Reiki
eiO6QCFoTDA-00217-00082482-00083044 And you knew that, you know, he was dying. But we just felt it was just something
eiO6QCFoTDA-00218-00083044-00083368 really lovely that you could offer him,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00219-00083518-00083828 Other than...  Well there wasn't much anybody come offer him
eiO6QCFoTDA-00220-00083828-00083968 Other than... Drugs...Medication or drugs
eiO6QCFoTDA-00221-00083968-00084314 So it was nice to think that he might be
eiO6QCFoTDA-00222-00084314-00084538 receiving something that was pleasant.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00223-00084616-00084828 I suppose I've always believed  that there's energy around
eiO6QCFoTDA-00224-00084828-00085180 My dad always had the same kind of energy in his hands too
eiO6QCFoTDA-00225-00085180-00085524 and I had a feeling I had it in mine  but I didn't know what it was
eiO6QCFoTDA-00226-00085524-00085908 So in some ways I enjoyed putting vocabulary into something that had, I guess,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00227-00085908-00086140 felt or noticed or sensed before.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00228-00086298-00086710 Jikiden Reiki is incredibly practical and treatment focused and the skills
eiO6QCFoTDA-00229-00086710-00086966 that we encourage in practitioners
eiO6QCFoTDA-00230-00086966-00087124 is to pay close attention
eiO6QCFoTDA-00231-00087124-00087568 to how the body responds to energy.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00232-00087568-00087896 And by training perception skills in the hands
eiO6QCFoTDA-00233-00087896-00088327 a skilled practitioner can interpret body feedback
eiO6QCFoTDA-00234-00088327-00088466 so then they can
eiO6QCFoTDA-00235-00088467-00088986 find the problem areas in the body that needs specific attention and by
eiO6QCFoTDA-00236-00088986-00089670 observing how the sensations in the hands change they get an impression or
eiO6QCFoTDA-00237-00089670-00090158 they can get a very good idea of whether the condition is likely to shift quickly
eiO6QCFoTDA-00238-00090158-00090612 or whether it needs patience; how frequently treatments need to be given;
eiO6QCFoTDA-00239-00090612-00090966 where they need to be given and
eiO6QCFoTDA-00240-00090966-00091374 what's necessary to create optimal healing circumstances.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00241-00091404-00091974 Maybe the first or second treatment you
eiO6QCFoTDA-00242-00091974-00092446 concentrated on one one part of my body in particular and kept asking me
eiO6QCFoTDA-00243-00092446-00092826 "Have you ever had anything happen to this part of your body, have you had anything there?"
eiO6QCFoTDA-00244-00092826-00093250 And I'm saying 'No" I haven't and still  thinking to myself 'Nonsense'.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00245-00093654-00093972 Until later I don't know if it was through the session or after the session
eiO6QCFoTDA-00246-00093972-00094160 I realised, that as a matter of fact I had had an
eiO6QCFoTDA-00247-00094160-00094598 operation in this part of my body and I'd had a  repair done, I'd had a mesh put in
eiO6QCFoTDA-00248-00094598-00095010 I'd had actually, a hernia, and a mesh  sewn in over the hernia
eiO6QCFoTDA-00249-00095010-00095542 to keep it in place and that was the exact place that you had been
eiO6QCFoTDA-00250-00095542-00095714 hovering over.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00251-00095714-00095980 And that did...kind of give me goose pimples.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00252-00095980-00096268 I thought 'Oh dear,  maybe there is something in this.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00253-00096396-00096516 Kath is my friend
eiO6QCFoTDA-00254-00096516-00097014 and she's also like an adopted granny  to our family and to our children
eiO6QCFoTDA-00255-00097014-00097252 and when I first learned Reiki
eiO6QCFoTDA-00256-00097252-00097494 I needed people to practice on.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00257-00097494-00097746 So I knew Kath well and I just
eiO6QCFoTDA-00258-00097746-00098004 asked her to humour me
eiO6QCFoTDA-00259-00098004-00098328 She had absolutely not time for Reiki whatsoever
eiO6QCFoTDA-00260-00098328-00098474 but she trusted me.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00261-00098474-00098686 So I needed to get my hands on bodies
eiO6QCFoTDA-00262-00098686-00098922 and luckily she played along
eiO6QCFoTDA-00263-00098922-00099110 and even the first couple of sessions
eiO6QCFoTDA-00264-00099110-00099486 she had so quite some remarkable results.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00265-00099486-00099624 At the time she must have been
eiO6QCFoTDA-00266-00099624-00099822 already around 70 or something
eiO6QCFoTDA-00267-00099822-00100125 and you know she would go into these yoga back bends
eiO6QCFoTDA-00268-00100125-00100508 while receiving Reiki and her back was just naturally doing what
eiO6QCFoTDA-00269-00100509-00100940 it needed to do to fix itself - to the extent that you know after we'd
eiO6QCFoTDA-00270-00100941-00101258 been doing Reiki treatment for a while people in the street would comment
eiO6QCFoTDA-00271-00101258-00101592 'Kath, have you grown taller!?"
eiO6QCFoTDA-00272-00101592-00101820 her spine - her back was straightening
eiO6QCFoTDA-00273-00101820-00101956 and she had other results
eiO6QCFoTDA-00274-00101956-00102485 unexpected results: her hearing improved her memory improved and these kind of things sold
eiO6QCFoTDA-00275-00102485-00102985 Reiki to her and she suddenly got it - that "Oh this feels good."
eiO6QCFoTDA-00276-00103056-00103508 She was also having really, really  powerful experiences emotionally
eiO6QCFoTDA-00277-00103508-00103772 so the reiki was helping her physically but it was helping her
eiO6QCFoTDA-00278-00103772-00104354 emotionally and I knew that there was layers and layers and layers of trauma in
eiO6QCFoTDA-00279-00104354-00105030 my mom and through her contact with Reiki it was starting to dissipate
eiO6QCFoTDA-00280-00105030-00105224 and she was starting to recover
eiO6QCFoTDA-00281-00105224-00105511 and that was amazing.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00282-00105511-00105624 It's making me tearful.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00283-00105666-00106226 Well I remember also that I had - when I was very, very young - I had a very bad experience
eiO6QCFoTDA-00284-00106226-00106724 of having an appendix removed when I was very, very young
eiO6QCFoTDA-00285-00106724-00107283 and again you picked out the spot
eiO6QCFoTDA-00286-00107283-00107833 and it just all came back to me and  I relived the whole thing
eiO6QCFoTDA-00287-00107833-00108094 and I think I felt quite a lot better after that.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00288-00108094-00108535 It was clear to me that even with weekly Reiki treatments that wasn't quite enough and
eiO6QCFoTDA-00289-00108535-00108985 she needed more so that's when I encouraged her to learn Reiki you know
eiO6QCFoTDA-00290-00108985-00109490 and she did and ever since she's been using it on herself and on her animals
eiO6QCFoTDA-00291-00109490-00109896 and eventually on her larger extended family.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00292-00109896-00110085 I use Reiki all the time
eiO6QCFoTDA-00293-00110085-00110442 it's kind of become a way of life to me.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00294-00110442-00111076 I use it... I use it on my dogs, I use it on my
eiO6QCFoTDA-00295-00111076-00111366 granddaughter's horses
eiO6QCFoTDA-00296-00111366-00111733 I use distant Reiki a lot.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00297-00111733-00111914 Yeah, I use it on all kinds of ways
eiO6QCFoTDA-00298-00111914-00112078 and I use it all the time.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00299-00112078-00112418 I don't think there's any day goes by when I don't use Reiki.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00300-00112548-00112706 Kailzie was out riding, she was getting
eiO6QCFoTDA-00301-00112706-00113176 a lesson in the field, in an uneven field,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00302-00113176-00113396 and I wouldn't have normally been around
eiO6QCFoTDA-00303-00113396-00113535 but I was.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00304-00113535-00114200 and Kailzie crawled in the back door and said "I've hurt myself"
eiO6QCFoTDA-00305-00114200-00114459 and she couldn't put any weight...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00306-00114459-00114677 and she put her foot up in the air  and I was saying to her
eiO6QCFoTDA-00307-00114677-00115040 "Which one is this?" and she was like "It's this one" and I had my hand round her ankle
eiO6QCFoTDA-00308-00115040-00115522 and all it felt like, what it felt like was a bag of stones.  It felt like there was
eiO6QCFoTDA-00309-00115522-00115761 this bundle of stones and it was meant to be her ankle
eiO6QCFoTDA-00310-00115761-00116182 So immediately we had Reiki whether it  was on her foot; or on her head or on her body.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00311-00116182-00116304 And she used it herself.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00312-00116640-00116800 Well she was in hospital a week
eiO6QCFoTDA-00313-00116800-00117088 before she could get operated on, because it was mashed
eiO6QCFoTDA-00314-00117088-00117294 and just bits of bone.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00315-00117294-00117664 The surgeon said he'd never seen  so many bits in an ankle before
eiO6QCFoTDA-00316-00117664-00117828 so it was like gravel.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00317-00117828-00118140 Yeah so they were all just held together bits of metal
eiO6QCFoTDA-00318-00118140-00118290 but I used Reiki...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00319-00118290-00118808 when she went in for the operation, I sat at a table somewhere in the hospital and I thought
eiO6QCFoTDA-00320-00118808-00119120 'Well, I'm just going to give her Reiki right  from the beginning to the end of this."
eiO6QCFoTDA-00321-00119120-00120506 It was just so amazing to have it when she was in the operating theatre
eiO6QCFoTDA-00322-00120506-00120670 because we didn't know if she would, you know...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00323-00120670-00120909 whether that leg would recover
eiO6QCFoTDA-00324-00120909-00121356 And I just thought you know anything, if Reiki...  if she can have Reiki right now
eiO6QCFoTDA-00325-00121356-00121648 then the likelihood of that leg...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00326-00121648-00121883 because they couldn't put the bones  back in the same order or anything
eiO6QCFoTDA-00327-00121883-00122180 they just piled the bones up and put a metal
eiO6QCFoTDA-00328-00122180-00122438 rod down and screwed it all together.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00329-00122438-00122682 And I thought, well, you know
eiO6QCFoTDA-00330-00122683-00122990 the best thing I could possibly do was  to give her Reiki at this point.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00331-00123024-00123206 I was told to healed a lot faster than
eiO6QCFoTDA-00332-00123206-00123559 they thought it would and I pretty much shattered all the bones
eiO6QCFoTDA-00333-00123559-00123894 and they were skeptical about  whether it would fully heal or not
eiO6QCFoTDA-00334-00123894-00123970 because there were lots of
eiO6QCFoTDA-00335-00123970-00124292 little bits that they couldn't get and the fact that is healed completely and I
eiO6QCFoTDA-00336-00124292-00124676 have full movement in it, I think probably has something to do with people giving
eiO6QCFoTDA-00337-00124676-00124822 me Reiki at the start.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00338-00124822-00124954 How is she now?
eiO6QCFoTDA-00339-00124954-00125033 Fine.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00340-00125033-00125146 She's fully recovered.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00341-00125146-00125200 100%.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00342-00125200-00125354 Cycling, running, jumping...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00343-00125354-00125459 Yep.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00344-00125459-00125600 I use it at work.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00345-00125600-00126170 I get a lot of injuries: like small  scrapes and cuts and bruises and so on.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00346-00126170-00126390 "What? Which ones?"
eiO6QCFoTDA-00347-00126390-00126692 Yeah, burn on a kettle...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00348-00126692-00127238 It's working in the garage... All things on cars are big, metal, rusty, heavy
eiO6QCFoTDA-00349-00127238-00127500 they're all out to get you basically.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00350-00127500-00127804 I've got uncountable amounts of scars
eiO6QCFoTDA-00351-00127804-00128050 I nearly... I got myself with an axe  at some point
eiO6QCFoTDA-00352-00128050-00128254 and me and mum sat 'like that'
eiO6QCFoTDA-00353-00128254-00128511 for about an hour watching TV
eiO6QCFoTDA-00354-00128511-00128722 and it stopped bleeding but I've still got
eiO6QCFoTDA-00355-00128722-00129154 a decent-sized scar but it would be much longer probably without Reiki.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00356-00129154-00129406 Bruises would be less;
eiO6QCFoTDA-00357-00129406-00129618 they would heal quicker;
eiO6QCFoTDA-00358-00129618-00129876 cuts would stop bleeding quicker;
eiO6QCFoTDA-00359-00129876-00130383 they would scab over quicker everything was just speedier than normal
eiO6QCFoTDA-00360-00130383-00130670 and just easier.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00361-00130670-00130816 I've had quite a few piercings
eiO6QCFoTDA-00362-00130816-00131068 and I've had quite a few them ripped out as well
eiO6QCFoTDA-00363-00131068-00131316 I had my eyebrow pierced twice  and both times it got pulled out
eiO6QCFoTDA-00364-00131316-00131452 by somebody.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00365-00131452-00131650 I used to have a big spike on it
eiO6QCFoTDA-00366-00131650-00131824 at one point Caitlin caught it
eiO6QCFoTDA-00367-00131824-00132090 whether it was a tie or something...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00368-00132090-00132344 half of it ripped
eiO6QCFoTDA-00369-00132344-00132646 and I held it like that and I sat in class 'like that'...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00370-00132646-00132960 My teacher was a bit weirded-out  but I sat I 'like that'
eiO6QCFoTDA-00371-00132961-00133310 and by, like, the next day
eiO6QCFoTDA-00372-00133310-00133518 it was just a tiny little scab -
eiO6QCFoTDA-00373-00133518-00133766 the skin totally healed over.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00374-00133794-00134128 When you have situations like burns or,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00375-00134128-00134460 you've cut yourself; grazes that type of thing -
eiO6QCFoTDA-00376-00134460-00134694 it's almost like watching the natural
eiO6QCFoTDA-00377-00134695-00134992 healing process under a time-lapse camera
eiO6QCFoTDA-00378-00134992-00135104 you can see that everything
eiO6QCFoTDA-00379-00135106-00135366 happens a little bit faster than you would expect it to.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00380-00135410-00135562 My ex broke his hand as well
eiO6QCFoTDA-00381-00135562-00136012 The people in hospital thought he was superhuman because he healed within...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00382-00136012-00136076 he went back...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00383-00136076-00136216 - A crazy small amount of time. - He went back for a 6 week..
eiO6QCFoTDA-00384-00136216-00136478 Oh no, he went back for a check-up at a point
eiO6QCFoTDA-00385-00136478-00136664 you know, they tell you to go back for a point to
eiO6QCFoTDA-00386-00136664-00137076 see if it's sitting correctly or something...
eiO6QCFoTDA-00387-00137238-00137612 and yeah, they couldn't work out why it was fixed.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00388-00137690-00137982 We had the horse-logging as a business,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00389-00137982-00138284 I mean, although it's Caitlin that  does that work, you know,
eiO6QCFoTDA-00390-00138284-00138378 it's a family business
eiO6QCFoTDA-00391-00138378-00138736 and we had a situation just a couple weeks ago
eiO6QCFoTDA-00392-00138736-00139004 with one of the horses
eiO6QCFoTDA-00393-00139004-00139274 was kicked by the other one, really seriously
eiO6QCFoTDA-00394-00139274-00139548 and she emptied her bladder with the force of the kick.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00395-00139548-00139784 She got a double-barrelled kick
eiO6QCFoTDA-00396-00139784-00140004 from this much heavier horse
eiO6QCFoTDA-00397-00140004-00140442 right on... just above her tail  and she was due to work that day
eiO6QCFoTDA-00398-00140442-00140760 and due to start a new job the following day
eiO6QCFoTDA-00399-00140810-00140966 and we were really worried
eiO6QCFoTDA-00400-00140966-00141196 and Caitlin was away up in Stirling with her horse
eiO6QCFoTDA-00401-00141196-00141342 and Corrie was there as well
eiO6QCFoTDA-00402-00141342-00141524 and it was really amazing actually to have
eiO6QCFoTDA-00403-00141524-00141804 Reiki in that situation because we were absolutely
eiO6QCFoTDA-00404-00141804-00141960 we couldn't do anything.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00405-00141960-00142218 When Caitlin phoned up to say what had happened
eiO6QCFoTDA-00406-00142218-00142568 She said Corrie is just checking her over just now, what she meant was
eiO6QCFoTDA-00407-00142568-00143008 he was trying to feel for byosen;  he was trying to see what was happening in her body
eiO6QCFoTDA-00408-00143008-00143322 and she says "I'm just about to work on her
eiO6QCFoTDA-00409-00143322-00143798 could you ask granny to send some Reiki and I'm going to phone Kailzie so
eiO6QCFoTDA-00410-00143798-00144196 that she can send Reiki and can you give it her just now.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00411-00144196-00144366 So, you know, we had
eiO6QCFoTDA-00412-00144366-00144710 all of us you know sending Reiki to Angel.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00413-00144710-00144916 It actually made you feel like you could do something
eiO6QCFoTDA-00414-00144916-00145172 you know, that you actually had this tool
eiO6QCFoTDA-00415-00145172-00145562 you know, you have this amazing thing that you could all do
eiO6QCFoTDA-00416-00145562-00145718 and support that situation.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00417-00145804-00145940 It just... It works.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00418-00145940-00146030 That's all I need to know.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00419-00146030-00146392 I don't need to know why or anything else.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00420-00146392-00146488 It just is.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00421-00146488-00146656 That's good enough for me.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00422-00148992-00149408 I love the feeling when you, when you sit with your hands and you can begin to
eiO6QCFoTDA-00423-00149408-00149772 feel that energy build up between them.
eiO6QCFoTDA-00424-00149772-00149896 So I love the feeling, I really enjoy it
eiO6QCFoTDA-00425-00149900-00150188 I really enjoy feeling like there's a
eiO6QCFoTDA-00426-00150188-00150420 there's something invisible that I can feel my hands
eiO6QCFoTDA-00427-00150420-00150536 but I can't see with my eyes
eiO6QCFoTDA-00428-00150536-00150792 but it's there.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00000-00065742-00066600 Sadhguru: Spring time, floweres and fruits in the trees.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00001-00066766-00067514 Of course birds are very happy, you can see that.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00002-00067514-00068076 One is because there is so much fruit
ekreIzTHtJ0-00003-00068076-00069018 and luxuriant growth of greenery another is, all human beings under lock down.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00004-00069018-00069376 Double celebration, they're all having.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00005-00069376-00069664 You saw the image going around in the ashram,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00006-00069664-00070474 on our roof tops, the peacocks are dancing even when the peahens are not round.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00007-00070474-00071204 Just out of sheer joy, absence of human beings, they're just dancing.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00008-00071204-00072442 So,let me read a poem to you.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00009-00072442-00072944 It's called dirty little logic.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00010-00073212-00073508 As flowers become fruits
ekreIzTHtJ0-00011-00073508-00073914 With a touch of magic spring
ekreIzTHtJ0-00012-00073914-00074222 As flowers become fruits
ekreIzTHtJ0-00013-00074222-00074526 With a touch of magic spring
ekreIzTHtJ0-00014-00074526-00074864 Green leaves did become flowers
ekreIzTHtJ0-00015-00074864-00075210 Brown branches became leaves
ekreIzTHtJ0-00016-00075210-00075618 Knotted roots became a luxuriant tree
ekreIzTHtJ0-00017-00075618-00076082 Exuding the very plasma of life.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00018-00076082-00076752 All this from the soil that some call dirt.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00019-00076752-00077244 Is this a dirty life or the magic of creation?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00020-00077244-00077724 You shall know as per your incline.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00021-00077724-00078198 All this from the soil that some call dirt.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00022-00078198-00078644 Is this a dirty life or the magic of creation?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00023-00078644-00079014 You shall know as per your incline.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00024-00079014-00079442 Incline to pay attention to the magic of creation
ekreIzTHtJ0-00025-00079442-00079660 Or engrossed in your own
ekreIzTHtJ0-00026-00079660-00080122 Dirty little logic
ekreIzTHtJ0-00027-00080866-00081182 This is called Lock up.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00028-00081182-00081560 Up, not down.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00029-00081772-00082042 Do you need to be locked down
ekreIzTHtJ0-00030-00082042-00082358 Or do you possess the needed sense
ekreIzTHtJ0-00031-00082358-00082924 to sanitize, distance and disinfect?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00032-00082924-00083144 Do you need to be locked down
ekreIzTHtJ0-00033-00083144-00083438 Or do you possess the needed sense
ekreIzTHtJ0-00034-00083438-00083962 to sanitize, distance and disinfect?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00035-00083962-00085102 Are you in appreciation for those who strive for you
ekreIzTHtJ0-00036-00085102-00085614 Or are you a lout with a vulgar sense of entitlement
ekreIzTHtJ0-00037-00085614-00086234 Or a religious nut who can only live well in a paradise elsewhere.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00038-00086234-00086552 If you have no sensitivity to appreciate
ekreIzTHtJ0-00039-00086552-00087020 the dedication, commitment and selflessness with which
ekreIzTHtJ0-00040-00087020-00087548 doctors, nurses, police and even most politicians are striving
ekreIzTHtJ0-00041-00087548-00087814 to save your life and mine
ekreIzTHtJ0-00042-00087814-00088442 what you need is not lock down, lock up.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00043-00088910-00089648 So lock down till May 3rd, after that, lock up.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00044-00089648-00090694 Well, there are ..
ekreIzTHtJ0-00045-00091182-00091756 good news first or bad news?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00046-00092052-00092734 The good news is, well,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00047-00092734-00093364 certain nations which were majorly hit, like Italy and Spain
ekreIzTHtJ0-00048-00093364-00094018 sort of brought it under control, but with lock down.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00049-00094018-00094324 When the lock down is relaxed, what'll happen, that's another matter.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00050-00094324-00094774 But right now, the number of deaths have come down considerably,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00051-00094774-00095198 number of new infections have come down.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00052-00095198-00095570 Even in India, it's taking a downward trend.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00053-00095570-00096356 Though the fatalities have crossed five hundred in India, the curve is slowly dipping.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00054-00096356-00097282 And hotspots where infections were either being spread by ignorance or intent,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00055-00097282-00097888 have been all barricaded and separated, so under control.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00056-00097888-00098734 In those places, certain number of deaths have happened, so they're also getting disciplined a little bit.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00057-00098734-00099620 So on the whole, it is slowly dipping, which is a very good sign.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00058-00099620-00100144 But tomorrow is 20th, tomorrow midnight onwards,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00059-00100144-00100922 some relaxation will happen, for certain types of economic activity.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00060-00100922-00102048 Of course agriculture and a few other vital industries which are needed to keep the society going..
ekreIzTHtJ0-00061-00102048-00102688 after this little bit of relaxation, we must see how the curve will move.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00062-00102688-00103264 And 3rd of may, is not very far away,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00063-00103264-00104496 because the virus has shown certain other qualities that it possesses, which initially we did not realize.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00064-00104496-00105240 We thought it is only attacking the respiratory system, so we tried to find simple solutions for that.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00065-00105240-00105700 But now, it is seen that it is damaging the
ekreIzTHtJ0-00066-00105700-00106776 what is called as a T-cells or lymphocytes which are the mainforces within our bodies to fight the virus.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00067-00106776-00107320 They're compromising them almost like how the HIV virus does,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00068-00107320-00107644 that means it's destroying the immune system at a certain level.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00069-00107644-00108194 Maybe not at the same scale as HIV, but in a similar fashion.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00070-00108194-00109246 So, this new sense of knowing about the virus is causing much concern because
ekreIzTHtJ0-00071-00109246-00109748 our only answer to this was to boost the immune system.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00072-00109748-00110374 Now, we still don't have a vaccine, that's far away, as far as we can see right now.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00073-00110374-00110722 The only thing was stronger immune system,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00074-00110722-00111274 but it is attacking the core of our immune system and neutralizing it.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00075-00111274-00111811 The T-cells or the...
ekreIzTHtJ0-00076-00111811-00112200 or the lymphocytes, kind of,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00077-00112200-00112832 do not know that they must fight the virus because the virus goes and neutralizes them.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00078-00112832-00113246 This is a cause of much concern.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00079-00113246-00113659 I think it's worrying the scientists quite a bit,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00080-00113659-00114506 because simply treating it as a respiratory problem is not going to work
ekreIzTHtJ0-00081-00114506-00115192 because it's attacking another more fundamental dimension within our human system.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00082-00115192-00115818 So, of course there are people that I mentioned in the lock up poem.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00083-00115818-00116161 There are people who are protesting in United States,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00084-00116161-00116918 a few protests are happening against the lockdown though it's not a complete lockdown like India.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00085-00116918-00117576 In India also, there are a few people here and there, breaking the lockdown,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00086-00117576-00118246 and, you know, doing irresponsible things.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00087-00118246-00118996 Today the Prime Minister has made an appeal for all the youth in the nation to take the leadership and see that
ekreIzTHtJ0-00088-00118996-00119724 lockdown is successful because, by making it a partial success, it's just waste of time, energy,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00089-00119724-00119958 and economic damage to the nation.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00090-00119958-00120470 Only if it's a complete success, then it's worthwhile locking down.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00091-00120470-00120938 I lock down but you don't lock down, this is no use.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00092-00120938-00121524 We can as well, both of us go on the street and take our chance, which one of us is going to die first.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00093-00121524-00121933 But women have an advantage.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00094-00121933-00122282 The virus is largely killing men.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00095-00122282-00122776 This is the good news I was about to give you.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00096-00122776-00123308 Because generally women have better regulated immune systems.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00097-00123308-00123885 Because body is equipped to handle pregnancy.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00098-00123885-00124248 The first... when the pregnancy happens,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00099-00124248-00124938 it is like a external or a foreign body within the woman system so the immune system is always
ekreIzTHtJ0-00100-00124938-00125266 at a more regulated condition.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00101-00125266-00125898 So, there are no numbers coming out right now but generally people are saying,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00102-00125898-00126809 it is largely men who are dying, gender bias even with the virus.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00103-00126809-00127588 Anyway, we are glad at least women will be safe.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00104-00127588-00128238 So many, many things are taking shape, but the two things of great concern is,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00105-00128238-00128808 they are not limiting themselves to the respiratory system.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00106-00128808-00129252 Kidney and liver damages have been noticed in some patients.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00107-00129252-00129702 We do not know if it's an isolated case or this could be a trend.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00108-00129702-00130444 And more something of more concern is, it is behaving like HIV virus
ekreIzTHtJ0-00109-00130444-00130952 that it's attacking the immune system itself.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00110-00130952-00131324 Well, as most of you know by now,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00111-00131324-00132012 the real problem with this virus, though, its fatality rates are not as high
ekreIzTHtJ0-00112-00132012-00132750 as SARS or MERS or even the Spanish Flu of the past,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00113-00132750-00133410 the problem is, asymptomatic transmission.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00114-00133410-00133696 There are many people who are infected,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00115-00133696-00134264 up to three weeks they have not shown any symptoms, but they are spreading.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00116-00134264-00134972 So that is the real challenge with this, this particular virus.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00117-00134972-00135732 So, all said and done anyway in a couple of weeks, economic activity will be back.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00118-00135732-00136374 But the important thing is, even if government relaxes the lockdown,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00119-00136374-00137232 people must follow their own personal lockdown only do what is really necessary and keep distance.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00120-00137232-00137708 And whatever the... you know,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00121-00137708-00138034 the respiratory etiquette, that people have become conscious of,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00122-00138034-00138500 let's keep this not for lockdown period, for life.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00123-00138500-00139806 And sanitising ourselves in such a way that we don't bring a second wave of infections.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00124-00139806-00140662 It is also feared in colder countries where temperatures, go below seven degrees,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00125-00140662-00141072 probably by October end or so,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00126-00141072-00141808 it is, some scientists are estimating that a second massive wave will come at that time.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00127-00141808-00142530 Because winter is a time when people are naturally more susceptible, to infections,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00128-00142530-00142882 and a much bigger wave may happen then.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00129-00142882-00143246 Having said all this,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00130-00143246-00143660 well, a human being is a resilient creature.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00131-00143660-00144120 We'll figure out something. Before that, we'll find a way.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00132-00144120-00144424 Till then everybody must keep distance.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00133-00144424-00145240 And it's very very important for your life, for your well being and the well being of others,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00134-00145240-00145648 you may think, "I'm very strong", or you may think "I'm willing to die"
ekreIzTHtJ0-00135-00145648-00146026 because people are making such statements I'm saying, somebody says,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00136-00146026-00146406 "I don't care I'm willing to die I work to go out and do what I have to do."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00137-00146406-00146626 You may be willing to die.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00138-00146626-00147286 But you need to understand you are a big problem both alive and dead.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00139-00147286-00147594 Yes.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00140-00147594-00148270 If you just fall dead on the street, dead bodies can infect hundreds of people.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00141-00148270-00148552 So both alive and dead you're a problem.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00142-00148552-00149340 Please contain yourself and see that you are not, you are not a threat to everybody else.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00143-00149340-00150002 Because this sense of pride and entitlement is very strong in people,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00144-00150002-00150680 a whole lot of people, maybe that's one reason why more men are dying.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00145-00150680-00151070 Danger means generally women step back very easily.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00146-00151070-00151826 A man cannot step back, he has to step forward when there is danger. That's his natural instinct.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00147-00151826-00151964 This happened.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00148-00151964-00152614 An American man was staying in a London hotel.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00149-00152614-00153264 And another man came from Glasgow, to meet him.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00150-00153264-00154046 And he asked him when they met, he asked him,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00151-00154046-00154584 "From which country do you come from?"
ekreIzTHtJ0-00152-00154584-00155210 The American said, "From the greatest nation in the world."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00153-00155210-00155966 So this man from Glasgow said, "Me too, but you don't sound Scottish at all!"
ekreIzTHtJ0-00154-00156174-00156900 So, these entitlements will infringe and cause much damage.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00155-00156900-00157370 This is not a time to be macho.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00156-00157370-00157734 This is not a macho time, this is a virus time.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00157-00157734-00158022 Step back, it's very, very important.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00158-00158022-00158474 There is no heroics with this.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00159-00158474-00158998 The heroics is in saving people's lives, the heroics is in protecting other people,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00160-00158998-00159796 the heriocs is "What I want to do. I will not do right now, for the sake of everybody else."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00161-00159796-00160258 This is heroics.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00162-00160258-00160486 Please..
ekreIzTHtJ0-00163-00160486-00160766 Questioner: This question is from Rachel.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00164-00160766-00161236 Sadhguru, you are always making fun of the religions that promises heaven,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00165-00161236-00161824 but you have also promised this is the last life time for all those who have been with you for a moment.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00166-00161824-00162022 How are these two things different?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00167-00162022-00162564 Sadhguru: This is persisting, huh?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00168-00163118-00163618 Between heaven and what I said?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00169-00163618-00164310 Heaven means, heaven, paradise, whatever else they call it, swarga,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00170-00164310-00165280 what it means is, in some places, there is very good food.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00171-00165280-00165768 In some places, rivers of wine flow.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00172-00165768-00166506 In some places, other kinds of problems are there.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00173-00166968-00167346 This happened.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00174-00167346-00168144 In a very special state in the United States of America called Alabama
ekreIzTHtJ0-00175-00168144-00169092 and Sunday morning, the Sunday school teacher was going full fire.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00176-00169092-00170136 Unfortunately, the audience were not like you, all tiny tots, catch them young policy.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00177-00170136-00171234 Going in full fire in his rhetoric, he stopped and asked, "What do you have to do, to go to heaven?"
ekreIzTHtJ0-00178-00171234-00171872 Little Mary, who always sits in the front row stood up and said,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00179-00171872-00172236 "If I scrub the church floor every Sunday morning I will go to heaven."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00180-00172236-00172688 "Absolutely.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00181-00172688-00173044 Another little girl stood up and said,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00182-00173044-00173748 "If I share my pocket money with a less privileged friend of mine, I will go to heaven."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00183-00173748-00173902 "Correct."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00184-00173902-00174486 Another little boy stood up and said, "If I help those who are in need. I will go to heaven."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00185-00174486-00174630 "Correct."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00186-00174630-00175564 Little Tommy, stood up and said, "You gotta die first."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00187-00175564-00176246 Well that's a qualification, you got to die first.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00188-00176246-00176550 Once you die,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00189-00176550-00177490 first you must know, because, you know, our death book is titled as "a book for all those who shall die",
ekreIzTHtJ0-00190-00177490-00177732 only for them.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00191-00177732-00178158 And most of you have realized you're all the dying sort,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00192-00178158-00178956 not now, I don't want you to die of virus, at your own time.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00193-00178956-00179328 So, you're all dying sort, you must know what is in heaven.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00194-00179328-00179616 You don't know?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00195-00179616-00180376 Well, in the Hindu heaven, food is very good.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00196-00180376-00180826 If you're a foodie, that's a place to go.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00197-00180826-00181816 There is a, they'll give you a, or there is a vessel, its a Akshaya Patra (Gestures).
ekreIzTHtJ0-00198-00181816-00182254 That is you can eat as much as you want, it never gets empty.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00199-00182254-00182528 Always it's full.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00200-00182528-00183270 So if you are a foodie, Hindu Heaven is the best place for you to go.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00201-00183270-00184052 If you go to another place, there will be those white gown ladies floating in the clouds.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00202-00184052-00184446 If you like that kind of ambience, you go there.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00203-00184446-00185276 There, food is not good dry, rye bread and water.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00204-00185276-00186214 If you go to another place, you will encounter virgin problems.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00205-00186214-00186466 But to go to heaven, first you have to die.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00206-00186466-00187026 When you die, mother Earth claims back your body one way or the other.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00207-00187026-00187696 So you went to heaven, without your body.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00208-00187696-00188124 When you don't have a body, what do you do with good food and virgins?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00209-00188124-00188306 What is there to do?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00210-00188306-00188978 No wonder the vessel is always full and they always remain virgins.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00211-00189360-00190212 If you go to the dining hall without a body, food will be like that only.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00212-00190636-00191448 So, if you look at all the heavens in the world little carefully,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00213-00191448-00192126 you will see these heavens were made up in the minds of perverted men,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00214-00192126-00192488 not even women didn't participate in the making of this heavens.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00215-00192488-00192724 Looks like that very clearly.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00216-00192724-00193198 Because you're only a thing, utility, you're not...
ekreIzTHtJ0-00217-00193198-00193530 you don't have a seat in heaven, I want you to understand, the ladies.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00218-00193530-00194104 That's why the virus is also not touching you.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00219-00194514-00195302 So... I did not offer heaven to anybody.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00220-00195302-00195988 If you understand, you as a life, you as a person,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00221-00195988-00197254 let's look at it as a person, you as a person was made with information, with food material.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00222-00197254-00197956 If we take out all the imprints that you have, if we take out all the memory, out of you,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00223-00197956-00198678 I am talking about conscious memory, unconscious memory, articulate memory, inarticulate memory,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00224-00198678-00199038 karmic memory, genetic memory,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00225-00199038-00199390 you know, evolutionary memory, everything,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00226-00199390-00199968 we took out all the memory out of you, do you believe you will have a form?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00227-00199968-00200426 Only because of all this memory functioning within you, you have taken this form.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00228-00200426-00200718 You think you are a person.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00229-00200718-00201300 You just a certain amount of very complex software, in a way.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00230-00201300-00201848 Right now, you should understand this, now they're building robotic human beings.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00231-00201848-00202610 See, that also, the first robotic human beings, they create are women.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00232-00202610-00203242 Because you've been biassed against in heaven, we're trying to make up here.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00233-00203242-00203778 So they're beginning to have their own characteristics.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00234-00203778-00204264 They have their own character, a personality of their own.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00235-00204264-00204582 Because software is getting more and more complex.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00236-00204582-00204936 Now slowly, a personality is evolving.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00237-00204936-00205221 That's all that's happened with you.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00238-00205221-00205823 A very complex software, so you have a persona.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00239-00205823-00206680 So if we undo this software, you as a person will cease to exist.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00240-00206680-00207360 So it's up to you to see whether this is a reward, or a threat. But it's neither.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00241-00207360-00208288 Because with a certain amount of a bubble that you created of information and material,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00242-00208288-00208767 you trapped a certain amount of life and it goes on for a period of time.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00243-00208767-00209202 At some point, it has to dismantle itself.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00244-00209202-00209604 If you..
ekreIzTHtJ0-00245-00209604-00209930 it is like a fruit, tch.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00246-00209930-00210278 Once it is ripe, it will fall.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00247-00210278-00210873 So we are only talking about ripening the life, quickly.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00248-00210873-00211212 You want to ripen slowly, no problem.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00249-00211212-00212142 But before you get ripe enough, parrots you hear them, they may eat you up.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00250-00212142-00212538 Some local boy will throw a stone at you, and you're down.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00251-00212538-00212992 Before you get ripe, so many things can happen to you.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00252-00212992-00213292 So what a wise one will do is,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00253-00213292-00213971 once he realizes there is a way to ripen quickly, he will start moving that way, as quickly as possible.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00254-00213971-00214686 I only said, I will ripen you in such a way that naturally the fruit will fall.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00255-00214686-00215312 I didn't tell you, I will throw you up into heaven.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00256-00215312-00216362 And I know if I give you a vessel which is full of food all the time,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00257-00216362-00217019 maybe limitless expansion will happen (Gestures), that is not a good vessel.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00258-00217019-00217562 These vessels were imagined during times of famine and drought,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00259-00217562-00217950 when people had nothing to eat, what would they dream of?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00260-00217950-00218519 A vessel in their home which is always empty, with some grace,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00261-00218519-00219104 if this vessel becomes in such a way that it will always be full.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00262-00219104-00219502 Akshaya.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00263-00219502-00219792 This is the dream of a hungry man.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00264-00219792-00220412 This is the dream of a man whose family is starving to death.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00265-00220412-00221586 But that, fortunately, that phase of life is gone, it's time you dream of something little better.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00266-00221586-00222676 It is time you dream of something little better and other dreams I don't want to go into it'll get bad.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00267-00222676-00223323 So, I am talking about ripening you and dismantling the persona,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00268-00223323-00224330 so that life just floats around as life in its full magnificence and beauty, not as a constipated person.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00269-00224330-00224760 A person is a constipated life, I want you to understand.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00270-00224760-00225348 However great a personality you are, personality is a limited existence.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00271-00225348-00225864 Once you're here as a person, it is you versus the universe.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00272-00225864-00226571 Whether you become conscious of it or not, it is you versus the universe, all the time.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00273-00226571-00227044 So if you have seen enough of it then you want to ripen quickly.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00274-00227044-00227908 I said, "I can help you to ripen quickly and fall down" - not fly up.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00275-00227908-00228514 This may look like a threat, "Oh so Sadhguru is going to make us fall down."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00276-00228514-00229346 This is not my desire, that is how everything falls on this planet.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00277-00229346-00229898 You know, Isaac Newton told you everything falls down only on this planet.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00278-00229898-00230630 There are other places if you throw something it keeps going up but those places you are not fit to live.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00279-00230630-00231217 Where you are fit to live, if you drop something, it'll fall down, and it's good place.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00280-00231217-00231554 Down is not a bad place, up means getting lost.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00281-00231554-00232234 Down means you found your earth. The most friendly planet for you.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00282-00232234-00233017 Down means you can fall down and, you know, the mango wants to fall down.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00283-00233017-00233678 It is not thinking of how you will enjoy the mango. It is thinking of falling down.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00284-00233678-00234400 And it's come with sufficient manure which you think is a fruit.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00285-00234400-00235178 And it wants to come up, another young mango tree wants to grow out of that, that's its desire.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00286-00235178-00235766 It's made sweet so that animals and you also can carry it far
ekreIzTHtJ0-00287-00235766-00236438 and throw the seed there otherwise if all the seeds fall under the tree shade, what to do.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00288-00236438-00236840 It is hoping that you won't eat the seed - this is the wish of the mango tree,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00289-00236840-00237338 I'm just expressing because I'm in love with them.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00290-00237338-00237684 The mangoes tree is wishing that you will eat the fruit
ekreIzTHtJ0-00291-00237684-00238171 and have enough gratitude to plant the seed somewhere,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00292-00238171-00238838 that's its wish but most human beings don't know mangoes come from a tree
ekreIzTHtJ0-00293-00238838-00239180 they think it's come from a shop counter.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00294-00239180-00239488 So they're eating it and throwing it in the bin.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00295-00239488-00240356 No, no, the mango tree is just hoping out of 1000 fruits that it produced at least a hundred will get planted
ekreIzTHtJ0-00296-00240356-00240930 at least ten, fifteen, twenty in a season will become real trees.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00297-00240930-00241130 It's hoping.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00298-00241130-00241896 Please don't disappoint the mango trees, and don't disappoint me by going to heaven.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00299-00241896-00242240 Because it doesn't look like a good place at all to me,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00300-00242240-00242838 from whatever descriptions I have seen in different cultures,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00301-00242838-00243200 the description of heaven is not attractive at all.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00302-00243200-00244208 I see the Isha Yoga Center is much better than the descriptions that they have made.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00303-00244208-00244752 Here the food vessels get empty the moment we've eaten.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00304-00245562-00245950 Speaker: The next question is fromArchana.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00305-00245950-00246467 Namaskaram Sadhguru, yesterday you were talking about devotion and belief.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00306-00246467-00247094 My question is, thought and emotion are connected, and both are created by me.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00307-00247094-00247658 So one who is devoted may also have thoughts towards his object of devotion
ekreIzTHtJ0-00308-00247658-00248142 and one who believes in something may have strong emotion towards that.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00309-00248142-00248669 So why is that a believer is less than a devotee?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00310-00249719-00250166 Sadhguru: See, this part of the country, particularly,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00311-00250166-00250656 almost the entire country but particularly this part of the country...
ekreIzTHtJ0-00312-00250656-00251366 Now a few things have changed otherwise anywhere you go across southern India,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00313-00251366-00251952 south of Deccan Plateau, wherever you go, hundreds and hundreds, why a hundred?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00314-00251952-00252702 Thousands and thousands of Shiva temples, devotees of Shiva.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00315-00252702-00253228 They spend their life's everything on just building one temple.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00316-00253228-00254116 Every king had to build one temple, every family which is of some worth, they want to build a temple.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00317-00254116-00254386 Putting all their money into it.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00318-00254386-00254823 If you look at the elaborateness with which they have built you can understand,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00319-00254823-00255160 they should have spent their entire everything they had.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00320-00255160-00256000 They themselves lived in small homes but they built magnificient temples.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00321-00256000-00256360 Because this is devotion. Towards whom?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00322-00256360-00256634 Towards Shiva.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00323-00256634-00256973 Well, Shiva is a destroyer.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00324-00256973-00257752 Everywhere, everywhere, everywhere it is clearly said he's not going to lift his little finger for you
ekreIzTHtJ0-00325-00257752-00258540 but people built temples and temples for him, spending all their lives earnings on him.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00326-00258540-00258900 A man was not going to give you anything.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00327-00258900-00259734 And not only that he's always looking at you like he's going to destroy you.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00328-00259734-00260550 You know that incident where the seven sages, the Sapta Rishis
ekreIzTHtJ0-00329-00260550-00261264 after decades of studying and learning and experiencing with him.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00330-00261264-00261830 He says, "You go out into different lands across the world.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00331-00261830-00262678 You must go and make people get acquainted with this science",
ekreIzTHtJ0-00332-00262678-00263260 the yogic science, one-hundred -and-twelve different ways.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00333-00263260-00263730 So they're all prepared, they don't want to go but... they don't want to leave him and go,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00334-00263730-00264114 but he's saying they must go so they're leaving.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00335-00264114-00264582 So they say, "You're sending us into strange lands.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00336-00264582-00264922 We don't know what kind of people we will meet."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00337-00264922-00265292 You must understand it's not 21st century,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00338-00265292-00265752 where you know what sort of people live in every corner of this world,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00339-00265752-00266450 in every continent every little place, what sort of people live there you know in some way.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00340-00266450-00267008 At that time, they don't even know, in another part of the world, whether there are human beings or giants
ekreIzTHtJ0-00341-00267008-00267392 or devils or who is there, nobody knows.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00342-00267392-00268002 So they are asking, "When we go there we don't know whether they will be receptive to us or not.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00343-00268002-00269116 So in case we meet those kind of situations, will you be there for us?"
ekreIzTHtJ0-00344-00269116-00269766 He looked incredulous, he said "What?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00345-00269766-00270194 If you meet any kind of adversity like that,"
ekreIzTHtJ0-00346-00270194-00270740 He said, "I shall sleep."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00347-00270740-00271342 Why would you want to build a temple for this man?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00348-00271342-00271672 That's a devotee, I want you to understand.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00349-00271672-00271970 This is not coming from the intellect.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00350-00271970-00272704 But these seven sages went out without understanding what he said.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00351-00272704-00273338 Because when you sleep, you're one with everything.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00352-00273338-00273972 If you sleep consciously, you're one hundred percent one with everything and consciously with everything.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00353-00273972-00274630 See, when you're awake, you are a person; when you sleep, you're just life, there's no limit actually.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00354-00274630-00275294 This is why we've been telling you if you can cause that little awareness at that moment of going to sleep.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00355-00275294-00275918 From that moment of wakefulness to sleep if you can be conscious, something phenomenal will happen.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00356-00275918-00276422 We've been telling you, but you've been sleeping.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00357-00276422-00276740 So he said, "I shall sleep."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00358-00276740-00277200 He is not saying, "I will be there, I will come and jump out of the sky and save you."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00359-00277200-00277572 - nothing he says, "I shall sleep."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00360-00277572-00277972 But the devotees don't care whether he will come, he will not come,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00361-00277972-00278224 he will do something, he will not do something.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00362-00278224-00278824 I am saying there is no qualitative evaluation because they understand,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00363-00278824-00279032 because they know from their...
ekreIzTHtJ0-00364-00279032-00279484 it is not even an understanding, they know from their innermost experience,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00365-00279484-00279952 their devotion has transformed them in such a phenomenal way.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00366-00279952-00280522 They don't care if it comes or doesn't come - that's devotion.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00367-00280522-00280820 You cannot do this with your intellect,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00368-00280820-00281384 you cannot do something illogical with your intellect, you can do some lousy logic.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00369-00281384-00282030 What is that? Dirty little logic you can do, but you have to do some logic.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00370-00282030-00282940 Even the most illogical idiot has his own little logic, dirty little logic.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00371-00282940-00283844 But with your intellect, you cannot do something illogical, because that's the nature of the intellect.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00372-00283844-00284384 So belief is done on the level of your intellect,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00373-00284384-00285270 you're trying to make logic out of something where there is no logic.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00374-00285270-00285588 Everybody is looking up, heavenward.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00375-00285588-00285990 I'm saying this is, this is increasing I'm just seeing,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00376-00285990-00286820 if you look at the old videos of '50s, '60s, where international football games.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00377-00286820-00287322 When people score a goal, they just jump in joy or shake hands - do something.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00378-00287322-00288154 They wouldn't hug each other because there were no deodorants at that time
ekreIzTHtJ0-00379-00288154-00288624 but nobody looked up and praised the Lord.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00380-00288624-00289384 But today, almost everybody, or most of them, the moment they score a goal (Gestures).
ekreIzTHtJ0-00381-00289384-00289682 And the cricket matches (Gestures).
ekreIzTHtJ0-00382-00289682-00290382 Well,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00383-00290382-00290972 well we have gone through this many, many, many times, the planet is round and it's spinning,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00384-00290972-00291294 you have no clue which is up.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00385-00291294-00291850 So definitely you have no clue what is up.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00386-00291850-00292192 Your goals are coming from there?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00387-00292192-00292740 No, it is just that you're trying to build confidence.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00388-00292740-00293454 So essentially, you build confidence. Belief builds confidence.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00389-00293454-00294060 Confidence will not give you clarity.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00390-00294060-00294468 Confidence will give you a bullheaded approach to life.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00391-00294468-00294944 You can doze yourself through life.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00392-00294944-00295490 Sometimes it works, unfortunately.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00393-00295490-00295710 That's that is not the nature of devotion.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00394-00295710-00296530 Just see how a devotee stands, he's never confident, always like this (Gestures).
ekreIzTHtJ0-00395-00296530-00297262 But believers (Gestures), because you believe some nonsense. You made it up.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00396-00297262-00298016 A devotee has not made up anything he's just softened himself, softened himself, softened himself
ekreIzTHtJ0-00397-00298016-00298884 in such a way that life happens in a way that logic can never do.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00398-00298884-00299270 An intelligence beyond the limitations of your logic.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00399-00299270-00299810 Anybody who's applied their intellect substantially,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00400-00299810-00300612 if you apply your intellect, within no time, you will hit the limits of where it is,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00401-00300612-00301164 most people have never applied intensely enough, so they think they're stupid little, what?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00402-00301164-00301420 Dirty little logic.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00403-00301420-00302028 Ehwe should publish this poem, I'm beginning to like it.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00404-00302028-00302374 This dirty little logic is limitless.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00405-00302374-00303296 So with this dirty little logic, it is your dirty little logic that right now where you live is not good.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00406-00303296-00303868 Your accommodations are not good, people that you live with are making you miserable,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00407-00303868-00304356 so with your dirty little logic you created a better place up there.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00408-00304356-00304678 A devotee is not creating any place up there.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00409-00304678-00304922 He doesn't care whether he goes up or down.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00410-00304922-00305708 All he knows is his heart is overflowing with the sweetness of his own existence.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00411-00305708-00305958 Well, he may use a tool.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00412-00305958-00306722 He may use something to inspire him but he is not making up things.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00413-00306722-00307252 So this is a fundamental difference between belief and devotion.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00414-00307252-00308238 You are, it's like this, legs are for walking, hands are for doing things.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00415-00308238-00309234 But if you train your hands very well you make it very strong, you can walk on your hands
ekreIzTHtJ0-00416-00309234-00309654 and there are people who are handicapped, somebody has lost their arms,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00417-00309654-00310118 they are doing all kinds of incredible thing artwork with their feet.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00418-00310118-00310798 Some are doing, it's fantastic but are your legs designed to work?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00419-00310798-00311278 And hand designed... arms designed to walk? It is not.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00420-00311278-00311822 Similarly, your intellect is designed to dissect,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00421-00311822-00312596 to look at things logically and decipher a few things for yourself for your survival.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00422-00312596-00313452 Your emotion is not... is not created or doesn't have the ability to decipher things.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00423-00313452-00313876 It knows only how to embrace something.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00424-00313876-00314424 If you want to know the sweetness of life, your emotion should flow.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00425-00314424-00314916 If you want to figure out a few things, your intellect should function.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00426-00314916-00315588 But now you're using your intellect like emotion and emotion,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00427-00315588-00316202 the only emotion most people know is stress, anxiety, resentment, anger.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00428-00316202-00317144 Once in a way, only on the Facebook they feel some love because that's the safest place.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00429-00317144-00318072 That is the safest place for a love affair because you never have to encounter those people.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00430-00318072-00318410 So, let us understand this,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00431-00318410-00319270 intellect is not designed to illogically make up something, it is designed to decipher life as it is,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00432-00319270-00319908 the physicality of it, the material of it, so that you can function efficiently.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00433-00319908-00320532 Emotion is not designed for that, emotion is designed for you to experience life intensely.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00434-00320532-00321508 If you use it the other way around, you want to walk on your hands and work with your legs, all the best.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00435-00321846-00322358 Its like, this happened.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00436-00322666-00322992 Shankaran Pillai was walking in the Worli .. what's that?
ekreIzTHtJ0-00437-00322992-00323610 Worli Sea Link in Mumbai.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00438-00323610-00324016 Post lockdown.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00439-00324016-00324474 So the first ones when the lockdown is released, the first ones that will come out are the criminals,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00440-00324474-00324840 the pickpockets, you know,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00441-00324840-00325362 because business is totally gone.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00442-00325644-00326290 So Shankaran Pillai also took a walk.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00443-00326290-00326810 So, an armed thug pulled out a country made pistol, put it to his head and said,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00444-00326810-00327242 "I'll blow your brains out. Just give me the money."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00445-00327242-00327682 Shankaran Pillai said, "In.. In Mumbai,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00446-00327682-00328184 you can live without brains but you can't live without money, you can blow as much as you what,
ekreIzTHtJ0-00447-00328184-00328528 you're not getting my money."
ekreIzTHtJ0-00448-00328862-00329262 Brain's needed, intellect needed for something.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00449-00329262-00329736 Other things needed for other things.
ekreIzTHtJ0-00450-00329980-00330842 Sadhguru chants Yoga Yoga Yogeshwaraya
emOZWSuHWsk-00000-00000276-00000911 My name is Grace Noel. For my project, I am working with different perovskite
emOZWSuHWsk-00001-00000911-00001304 materials with different cations. The  different cations are methyl ammonium,
emOZWSuHWsk-00002-00001304-00001804 cesium and formamidinium, and basically by changing the cation,
emOZWSuHWsk-00003-00001804-00002188 you can change the properties of the perovskite.
emOZWSuHWsk-00004-00002188-00002416 My thesis project deals with thermal
emOZWSuHWsk-00005-00002416-00002878 transport in nanostructured materials. Perovskites are a particularly new and
emOZWSuHWsk-00006-00002878-00003234 exciting material with at this point undiscovered thermal transport
emOZWSuHWsk-00007-00003234-00003720 properties, and this is where Grace's project this summer comes in.
emOZWSuHWsk-00008-00003720-00004558 So what were you going to do, Grace?  I was going to take the solvent off of these crystals.
emOZWSuHWsk-00009-00004558-00004624 I see.
emOZWSuHWsk-00010-00004624-00004710 Yeah, dry them out.
emOZWSuHWsk-00011-00004710-00004932 I'm going to dry off these crystals.
emOZWSuHWsk-00012-00004932-00005172 Is it okay if I use that vacuum?
emOZWSuHWsk-00013-00005172-00005414 Yeah, that's okay as long as you set up the trap.
emOZWSuHWsk-00014-00005414-00005512 Okay.
emOZWSuHWsk-00015-00005512-00006238 Otherwise, the solvent vapors will get in the pump, and that's dangerous.
emOZWSuHWsk-00016-00006338-00007156 So why did you decide to use the tinfoil for capping your solution?
emOZWSuHWsk-00017-00007156-00007612 So I use the tinfoil, and then I poked a small hole in it.
emOZWSuHWsk-00018-00007623-00007698 Right.
emOZWSuHWsk-00019-00007698-00008114 And it controls the diffusion so it's really slow,
emOZWSuHWsk-00020-00008114-00008482 and I'm going to remove the foil.
emOZWSuHWsk-00021-00008524-00009098 Right, so when you attach the tube, you got to make sure that it's firmly attached.
emOZWSuHWsk-00022-00009112-00009334 Otherwise, you won't pull vacuum through into the funnel.
emOZWSuHWsk-00023-00009348-00009398 Okay.
emOZWSuHWsk-00024-00009414-00009582 You've attached the vacuum line.
emOZWSuHWsk-00025-00009622-00009870 Alright, next thing should do is make sure you test
emOZWSuHWsk-00026-00010122-00010466 that the vacuum is working, and it's pulling solvent.
emOZWSuHWsk-00027-00010466-00010536 Okay.
emOZWSuHWsk-00028-00010552-00010900 You could use a pipette and a small amount of volume to do that.
emOZWSuHWsk-00029-00011424-00011574 Just like this much?
emOZWSuHWsk-00030-00011574-00011702 Yeah, that's a good amount.
emOZWSuHWsk-00031-00011704-00011796 Okay.
emOZWSuHWsk-00032-00012062-00012638 Not all of the solid got into the filter, so you can scrape some of that out directly in.
emOZWSuHWsk-00033-00012638-00012788 Okay.
emOZWSuHWsk-00034-00012788-00013094 Should I be worried about breaking any of the crystals?
emOZWSuHWsk-00035-00013126-00013488 No it's okay. They're pretty robust.
emOZWSuHWsk-00036-00013488-00013712 Make sure to get as many of the orange ones as you can.
emOZWSuHWsk-00037-00013772-00014118 So these are the formamidinium single crystals.
emOZWSuHWsk-00038-00014441-00014808 They crystallized for about four days,
emOZWSuHWsk-00039-00014886-00015447 and these are the methylammonium single crystals.
emOZWSuHWsk-00040-00015568-00015982 They're slightly bigger. You can see there's a difference in color.
emOZWSuHWsk-00041-00016041-00016388 The formamidinium are more red in color.
emOZWSuHWsk-00042-00016402-00016800 I am a rising senior at Penn State and I'm studying
emOZWSuHWsk-00043-00016800-00017396 chemical engineering. This summer, I'm working in the Tisdale Lab.
emOZWSuHWsk-00044-00017396-00017914 My project is synthesizing these different perovskites in the two different forms
emOZWSuHWsk-00045-00017920-00018164 which are single crystals and microplates.
emOZWSuHWsk-00046-00018164-00018352 Basically the single crystals are
emOZWSuHWsk-00047-00018352-00018866 crystals that are millimeters in size whereas the microplates are a lot smaller,
emOZWSuHWsk-00048-00018884-00019476 so they're more like microns in size, but they should exhibit similar properties
emOZWSuHWsk-00049-00019484-00019946 to the single crystals, and the reason that this is advantageous is because the
emOZWSuHWsk-00050-00019946-00020514 single crystals have properties that aren't disturbed by things like defects
emOZWSuHWsk-00051-00020514-00020926 in the material or grain boundaries. So we have the three different types of
emOZWSuHWsk-00052-00020932-00021340 microplates with the different cations, and we want to see if the thermal
emOZWSuHWsk-00053-00021356-00021704 properties of them change based on their composition.
emOZWSuHWsk-00054-00021710-00022292 So, right now I am analyzing some SEM images of the microplates.
emOZWSuHWsk-00055-00022292-00022686 These ones are formamidinium, lead bromide perovskites,
emOZWSuHWsk-00056-00022726-00023106 and basically they form these little plates that are about
emOZWSuHWsk-00057-00023192-00023888 1 to 3 microns in one dimension. So I'm looking at the micro plates to see the different
emOZWSuHWsk-00058-00023894-00024390 sizes that they are, and looking to see if there are any defects or impurities.
emOZWSuHWsk-00059-00024390-00024934 So the word perovskite refers to a class of semiconductors that have a specific
emOZWSuHWsk-00060-00024934-00025362 crystal structure, and they're an interesting area of research.
emOZWSuHWsk-00061-00025366-00025788 They are semiconductors that are interesting for photovoltaic applications.
foIiDOGa_Oc-00000-00000000-00000528 Seattle is a vibrant and diverse City located in the Pacific Northwest region of the United
foIiDOGa_Oc-00001-00000528-00001242 States it's known for its stunning natural beauty thriving technology industry and bustling food and
foIiDOGa_Oc-00002-00001242-00001805 art scenes if you're looking to move to the area you might be wondering what are the best suburbs
foIiDOGa_Oc-00003-00001805-00002358 of Seattle let's take a closer look at what are the best suburbs of the Seattle area Bellevue
foIiDOGa_Oc-00004-00002358-00003012 Bellevue is located just across Lake Washington from Seattle and it's known for its stunning views
foIiDOGa_Oc-00005-00003012-00003618 of the city and its many parks and outdoor spaces it's also home to a thriving business district
foIiDOGa_Oc-00006-00003618-00004368 with many major tech companies Microsoft to be one of them an international corporations additionally
foIiDOGa_Oc-00007-00004368-00004920 Bellevue is considered one of the best places to live in the Seattle area due to a low crime
foIiDOGa_Oc-00008-00004920-00005550 rate and excellent schools Mercer Islands Mercer Island is another East Side suburb of Seattle that
foIiDOGa_Oc-00009-00005550-00006078 is known for its upscale homes and stunning views Mercer Island is an idea real place for
foIiDOGa_Oc-00010-00006078-00006654 families looking for a Suburban lifestyle close to the city it's got top-notch schools plenty of
foIiDOGa_Oc-00011-00006654-00007344 parks and open spaces and a close-knit community Kirkland Kirkland is located on the northeastern
foIiDOGa_Oc-00012-00007344-00007872 shores of Lake Washington and it's known for its bustling downtown area that's filled with
foIiDOGa_Oc-00013-00007872-00008460 restaurants shops and art galleries it's home to a number of parks and Open Spaces including
foIiDOGa_Oc-00014-00008460-00009030 Juanita Bay Park and the cross Kirkland Corridor which are popular spots for hiking and biking with
foIiDOGa_Oc-00015-00009030-00009630 Kirkland's close proximity to Seattle and it's Charming downtown Kirkland is a great option for
foIiDOGa_Oc-00016-00009630-00010296 those who want the best of both worlds Sammamish Sammamish is a suburb located just east of Seattle
foIiDOGa_Oc-00017-00010296-00010860 and it's known for its affluent neighborhoods excellent schools and stunning views of the
foIiDOGa_Oc-00018-00010860-00011532 Cascade Mountains it is also home to several parks and Open Spaces including Sammamish Park and Pine
foIiDOGa_Oc-00019-00011532-00012108 Lake Park these are popular spots for hiking and picnicking and water sports with its quiet
foIiDOGa_Oc-00020-00012108-00012660 family-friendly atmosphere in close proximity to the city Sammamish is a great option for
foIiDOGa_Oc-00021-00012660-00013319 those who want a Suburban lifestyle with easy access to Seattle's many amenities Issaquah is
foIiDOGa_Oc-00022-00013319-00013878 a quasa suburb located southeast of Seattle and it's known for its natural beauty including the
foIiDOGa_Oc-00023-00013878-00014604 nearby Issaquah Alps which are a popular spot for hiking and outdoor recreation this suburb is also
foIiDOGa_Oc-00024-00014604-00015216 home to a vibrant downtown area with plenty of shops restaurants and art galleries it's
foIiDOGa_Oc-00025-00015216-00015869 close proximity to the city and its many outdoor amenities Issaquah is a great option for those who
foIiDOGa_Oc-00026-00015869-00016608 love the outdoors and are looking for a Suburban lifestyle with easy access to Seattle Bothell is
foIiDOGa_Oc-00027-00016608-00017220 a suburb located north of Seattle and it's known for its mix of residential neighborhoods parks and
foIiDOGa_Oc-00028-00017220-00017826 Open Spaces there's a pattern here and bustling downtown area they're also home to technology
foIiDOGa_Oc-00029-00017826-00018372 companies including Google which has a large campus in the area with its close proximity to
foIiDOGa_Oc-00030-00018372-00018876 Seattle and as many amenities Bothell is a great option for those who want a Suburban lifestyle
foIiDOGa_Oc-00031-00018876-00019530 with easy access to the city these are just a few of the best suburbs of Seattle and each one offers
foIiDOGa_Oc-00032-00019530-00020400 a unique blend of natural beauty vibrant downtown areas and excellent schools whether you're a tech
foIiDOGa_Oc-00033-00020400-00020856 professional a nature lover or a family with kids there's sure to be a suburb in the Seattle
foIiDOGa_Oc-00034-00020856-00021396 area that's perfect for you if you would like a list of homes in any of these suburb areas that
foIiDOGa_Oc-00035-00021396-00021942 are available for sale please send me a message or put a comment below I would love to help you
f2OXBdVhRc8-00000-00001469-00001898 Welcome to this Quru Insights video where we're looking at open source based virtualization
f2OXBdVhRc8-00001-00001898-00002552 as an alternative to proprietary virtualization technologies such as VMware and Hyper-V. Today
f2OXBdVhRc8-00002-00002552-00002961 research estimates that two thirds of all workloads are virtualized and this figure
f2OXBdVhRc8-00003-00002961-00003445 is increasing. The market leader and pioneer is VMware, who's technology has delivered
f2OXBdVhRc8-00004-00003445-00003978 benefits to enterprises worldwide. These include significant savings from consolidation and
f2OXBdVhRc8-00005-00003978-00004607 by using abstraction delivered an increased choice of hardware vendors. However, enterprises
f2OXBdVhRc8-00006-00004607-00005032 find themselves trapped by their choice of virtualization vendor and let's face it VMware
f2OXBdVhRc8-00007-00005032-00005644 is not cheap. As a result many users have started to look at second vendor virtualization,
f2OXBdVhRc8-00008-00005644-00006028 and with most customers running Windows their obvious choice would be to look at Hyper-V,
f2OXBdVhRc8-00009-00006028-00006526 Microsoft's virtualization technology. We all know that when something is free, it isn't
f2OXBdVhRc8-00010-00006526-00007001 always the best. Whilst Hyper-V is now free with Windows, being built into the operating
f2OXBdVhRc8-00011-00007001-00007572 system it's management tools are expensive and complex. Surprisingly many people are
f2OXBdVhRc8-00012-00007572-00008033 unaware of the performance benefits and cost savings of putting their Linux workloads onto
f2OXBdVhRc8-00013-00008033-00008647 a Linux based hypervisor. What's more the vast majority of public cloud service providers,
f2OXBdVhRc8-00014-00008647-00009237 Amazon, Google and Netflix have chosen to go open source. When going open source an
f2OXBdVhRc8-00015-00009237-00009808 increased number of organizations are choosing the number one supported open source hypervisor,
f2OXBdVhRc8-00016-00009808-00010495 KVM; and that's where Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization really wins. Red Hat has taken the KVM hypervisor
f2OXBdVhRc8-00017-00010495-00010981 and built all the enterprise features that you'd expect, plus a few that you wouldn't.
f2OXBdVhRc8-00018-00010981-00011571 Linux is widely accepted to be more secure, higher performing and more scalable than other
f2OXBdVhRc8-00019-00011571-00012263 operating systems. With KVM being a kernel module these benefits are built in. We believe
f2OXBdVhRc8-00020-00012263-00012745 that the best Linux based virtualization solution on the market is Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization
f2OXBdVhRc8-00021-00012745-00013395 for four clear reasons. Firstly, it hits the top benchmarks for performance with 10 of
f2OXBdVhRc8-00022-00013395-00014058 the top 15 published results on specvirt using Red Hat's KVM. Secondly, when it comes to
f2OXBdVhRc8-00023-00014058-00014535 scalability the only eight socket performance benchmark published on specvirt is running
f2OXBdVhRc8-00024-00014535-00015197 KVM, and with support for 4 terabytes of RAM per host and up to 160 virtual CPUs in a virtual
f2OXBdVhRc8-00025-00015197-00015769 machine, it leads the market. Thirdly, Red Hat Enterprise's Virtualization offers significant
f2OXBdVhRc8-00026-00015769-00016469 savings of up to 80% when compared to VMware when consolidating Linux workloads. And finally,
f2OXBdVhRc8-00027-00016473-00016979 it's easy to manage with a simple, easy-to-use web based graphical user interface that looks
f2OXBdVhRc8-00028-00016979-00017603 and feels very familiar. As a result, it's no surprise that Red Hat's Enterprise Virtualization
f2OXBdVhRc8-00029-00017603-00018120 has been adopted by major global organisations including British Airways, Sky and Intel.
f2OXBdVhRc8-00030-00018120-00018820 Let me give an example of a Quru led project using this technology. Bonhams, the international
f2OXBdVhRc8-00031-00018834-00019293 auctioneers, has been a Quru client for many years in the UK. Six years ago we overtook
f2OXBdVhRc8-00032-00019293-00019752 their global responsibility for their IT with immediate focus on supporting the growing
f2OXBdVhRc8-00033-00019752-00020340 business in the USA. The UK had been using VMware, but the cost to support a US coast
f2OXBdVhRc8-00034-00020340-00020879 to coast disaster recovery capability would have been exorbitant. We used Red Hat Enterprise
f2OXBdVhRc8-00035-00020879-00021394 Virtualization with our own in-house developed DR solution to transform the IT infrastructure
f2OXBdVhRc8-00036-00021394-00022073 in the USA. The results were impressive, reducing server numbers by up to 75% and licencing
f2OXBdVhRc8-00037-00022073-00022694 and maintenance costs by over 50%. In addition  to the cost savings, the solution was a catalyst
f2OXBdVhRc8-00038-00022694-00023331 for moving the UK operation from VMware to Red Hat. In our experience, it rapidly delivers
f2OXBdVhRc8-00039-00023331-00023877 real business benefits and cuts costs. In fact, the whole project for the Bonhams US
f2OXBdVhRc8-00040-00023877-00024398 operation cost less than 1 years VMware support. If you want to break out of the constraints
f2OXBdVhRc8-00041-00024398-00024898 of proprietary virtualization technology and cut costs, then I strongly recommend that
f2OXBdVhRc8-00042-00024898-00025095 you look at Red Hat's Enterprise Virtualization.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00000-00001923-00002378 More than million calls a year are placed to poison centers related to kids and poisonings.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00001-00002378-00002575 Poisoning is preventable.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00002-00002575-00002690 Get the tips.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00003-00002690-00002845 Save a life.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00004-00002845-00002932 Get the tips.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00005-00002932-00003206 Save a life.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00006-00003206-00003869 Is it grandma's heart medicine or a piece a candy?
f44ZXl6I4DM-00007-00003869-00004299 For a toddler on a quest for treats, there is no difference.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00008-00004299-00004905 For children who are not yet readers, it can be hard to tell a bottle of OJ from a toxic bottle
f44ZXl6I4DM-00009-00004905-00005127 of citrus-scented household cleaner.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00010-00005127-00005570 90% of poison incidents involving kids happen at home.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00011-00005570-00006130 Are the medicines and household cleaners at home accessible to your kids?
f44ZXl6I4DM-00012-00006130-00006731 Weekly pill containers can ease your access to medicines; your child's access as well.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00013-00006731-00007444 Layer the protection: re-seal, lock up, out of sight and reach.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00014-00007444-00008026 When it comes to poison prevention, child-resistant is not child-proof.
f44ZXl6I4DM-00015-00008026-00010836 If you think someone may have been poisoned call "Poison Help at 1-800-222-1222".
f4RfR15D-yc-00000-00001310-00001945 Our empty hearts and neon lights They're playing with my mind
f4RfR15D-yc-00001-00001945-00002750 Gotta get out of here tonight Oh when I run, I'll fight through
f4RfR15D-yc-00002-00002750-00004001 And I'll tell myself It's fine to be alone Just to find somewhere that finally feels like home (Oh-oh-oh-oh) 
f4RfR15D-yc-00003-00004001-00004701 I hate all this overthinking (Oh-oh-oh-oh) 
f4RfR15D-yc-00004-00004701-00005008 The more I swim, the more i'm sinking
f4RfR15D-yc-00005-00005101-00005363 Take me to a world of silver  
f4RfR15D-yc-00006-00005363-00006001 No more heartbreaks, tears, painkillers Take me somewhere unfamiliar
f4RfR15D-yc-00007-00006001-00006581 Bring me back to Where We Started 
f4RfR15D-yc-00008-00006881-00007601 Get me out of now To Where We Started out
f4RfR15D-yc-00009-00007703-00009006 Get me out of now To Where We Started out
f4RfR15D-yc-00010-00009406-00009881 La, La, La, La, La, Oh, Oh
f4RfR15D-yc-00011-00009881-00010701 Get me out of now  Broken hearts and starting fights
f4RfR15D-yc-00012-00010701-00011201 Turning truths to lies Gotta get out, stop wasting time
f4RfR15D-yc-00013-00011201-00011701 Yeah I wanna run off and float
f4RfR15D-yc-00014-00011701-00013101 And I'll tell myself It's fine to be alone Just to find somewhere that finally feels like home  (Oh-oh-oh-oh)
f4RfR15D-yc-00015-00013101-00014060 I hate all this overthinking (Oh-oh-oh-oh) The more I swim, the more i'm sinking
f4RfR15D-yc-00016-00014081-00014690 Take me to a world of silver No more heartbreaks, tears, painkillers
f4RfR15D-yc-00017-00014690-00015456 Take me somewhere unfamiliar Bring me back to Where We Started
f4RfR15D-yc-00018-00015856-00016856 Get me out of now To Where We Started out
f4RfR15D-yc-00019-00017056-00017956 Get me out of now To Where We Started out
f4RfR15D-yc-00020-00023286-00023533 Get me out of now To Where We Started out
f6slo5Imd-k-00000-00000164-00000673 In this problem, we're trying to calculate, again, heat loss
f6slo5Imd-k-00001-00000673-00000885 through a heating season.
f6slo5Imd-k-00002-00000885-00001193 We are given the area.
f6slo5Imd-k-00003-00001193-00001829 The area of the wall is 160 foot square.
f6slo5Imd-k-00004-00001829-00002361 And we are given the heating degree days.
f6slo5Imd-k-00005-00002361-00002591 Heating degree days for the season, this is,
f6slo5Imd-k-00006-00002591-00002697 again, State College.
f6slo5Imd-k-00007-00002697-00003615 Therefore, we can take it as 6,000 degrees days.
f6slo5Imd-k-00008-00003615-00004054 Now we need R. The wall appears to
f6slo5Imd-k-00009-00004054-00004302 consist of four layers.
f6slo5Imd-k-00010-00004302-00004428 One is the brick wall.
f6slo5Imd-k-00011-00004777-00005213 And this brick wall is three inches thick.
f6slo5Imd-k-00012-00005213-00005918 And each inch gives us an R value of 0.2.
f6slo5Imd-k-00013-00005918-00006575 So three inches would offer a 0.6 R value.
f6slo5Imd-k-00014-00006575-00007892 And similarly 12 inches of cinder block, and each inch
f6slo5Imd-k-00015-00007892-00008382 from it has an R value of 1.89.
f6slo5Imd-k-00016-00008382-00009135 Therefore, 12 inches would provide us 22.68.
f6slo5Imd-k-00017-00009135-00009455 And we have two inches of fiberglass.
f6slo5Imd-k-00018-00009920-00010630 And fiberglass provides per inch an R value of 3.7.
f6slo5Imd-k-00019-00010630-00011147 Therefore, two inches would be 7.40.
f6slo5Imd-k-00020-00011147-00011596 And now we have, finally, 1/2 inch of drywall.
f6slo5Imd-k-00021-00011878-00012377 And the whole 1/2 inch of drywall will provide us an R
f6slo5Imd-k-00022-00012377-00012587 value of 0.45.
f6slo5Imd-k-00023-00012587-00012993 So together, when you add all these layers up, the R value
f6slo5Imd-k-00024-00012993-00013507 of the wall happens to be 31.13.
f6slo5Imd-k-00025-00013507-00015094 Now heat loss through a season is given by area times HDD
f6slo5Imd-k-00026-00015094-00016090 times 24 over R. So in this case, it happens to be 160
f6slo5Imd-k-00027-00016090-00017460 foot square times 6,000 degree days times 24 hours over a day
f6slo5Imd-k-00028-00017460-00018652 divided by we have an R value of 31.13 foot square degrees
f6slo5Imd-k-00029-00018652-00019103 Fahrenheit hour over BTU.
f6slo5Imd-k-00030-00019103-00019301 Now foot square, foot square can be cancelled.
f6slo5Imd-k-00031-00019301-00019654 Degrees Fahrenheit, degrees Fahrenheit, days and days,
f6slo5Imd-k-00032-00019654-00019884 hours and hours are cancelled here.
f6slo5Imd-k-00033-00019884-00020933 And we get 740,122 BTUs.
f7pM5jwPgco-00000-00000000-00000382 [MUSIC PLAYING]
f7pM5jwPgco-00001-00000718-00000847 Hi, I'm Isabelle [INAUDIBLE].
f7pM5jwPgco-00002-00000847-00000993 I'm from Kings Meadows High School.
f7pM5jwPgco-00003-00000993-00001318 And I'm here today to talk to Lindy from Hope & Me.
f7pM5jwPgco-00004-00001318-00001562 Let's go and have a chat.
f7pM5jwPgco-00005-00001562-00001830 [MUSIC PLAYING]
f7pM5jwPgco-00006-00001830-00002191 So Lindy, what is your role at Hope & Me?
f7pM5jwPgco-00007-00002191-00002411 I'm actually the business owner of Hope & Me,
f7pM5jwPgco-00008-00002411-00002798 so I guess I'm ultimately responsible for everything that
f7pM5jwPgco-00009-00002798-00002978 is involved with the business.
f7pM5jwPgco-00010-00002978-00003182 What does a typical day look like?
f7pM5jwPgco-00011-00003182-00003461 So every day's different in retail.
f7pM5jwPgco-00012-00003461-00003595 It's very unpredictable.
f7pM5jwPgco-00013-00003595-00004086 But generally, it would mean re-merchandising the store,
f7pM5jwPgco-00014-00004086-00004407 restocking, reordering.
f7pM5jwPgco-00015-00004407-00004557 And I guess the most important thing
f7pM5jwPgco-00016-00004557-00004811 is looking after our customers.
f7pM5jwPgco-00017-00004811-00005060 What is your favorite part of being a store owner?
f7pM5jwPgco-00018-00005060-00005425 I guess my favorite part is that it's always changing.
f7pM5jwPgco-00019-00005425-00005649 So that means I have to keep learning
f7pM5jwPgco-00020-00005649-00005870 and I have to keep evolving with the changes.
f7pM5jwPgco-00021-00005870-00006085 The way people shop has changed so much even
f7pM5jwPgco-00022-00006085-00006222 over the last two years.
f7pM5jwPgco-00023-00006222-00006508 So that means that I have to keep on top of that.
f7pM5jwPgco-00024-00006508-00006720 What are some of the opportunities in the industry
f7pM5jwPgco-00025-00006720-00006920 that people may not realize?
f7pM5jwPgco-00026-00006920-00007317 Working in retail can open up doors in different areas.
f7pM5jwPgco-00027-00007317-00007673 You can become a buyer for a store.
f7pM5jwPgco-00028-00007673-00007925 You can also, when we talk about homewear specifically,
f7pM5jwPgco-00029-00007925-00008308 you can move into something like styling or interior design,
f7pM5jwPgco-00030-00008308-00008423 as well.
f7pM5jwPgco-00031-00008423-00008716 What experience and education do you have?
f7pM5jwPgco-00032-00008716-00009092 Well I went to Riverside High School, and I left in year ten.
f7pM5jwPgco-00033-00009092-00009610 So most of my experience comes from on the job, I guess,
f7pM5jwPgco-00034-00009610-00009928 and different careers that I've had along the way.
f7pM5jwPgco-00035-00009928-00010346 So I've slowly moved my way up in different places.
f7pM5jwPgco-00036-00010346-00010755 And I guess my last position, I was in charge of 11 stores
f7pM5jwPgco-00037-00010755-00011063 and over 50 staff, so that experience really
f7pM5jwPgco-00038-00011063-00011263 set me up for my own business.
f7pM5jwPgco-00039-00011263-00011570 What got you interested in retail in the first place?
f7pM5jwPgco-00040-00011570-00011828 I've always been a people person.
f7pM5jwPgco-00041-00011828-00012160 And even when I was 15, I had a casual job in retail,
f7pM5jwPgco-00042-00012160-00012269 and really enjoyed it.
f7pM5jwPgco-00043-00012269-00012718 So all of my roles have been in customer service or retail.
f7pM5jwPgco-00044-00012718-00012932 Who is suited to something like this?
f7pM5jwPgco-00045-00012932-00013125 You definitely have to be a people person,
f7pM5jwPgco-00046-00013125-00013347 because you're dealing with different personalities
f7pM5jwPgco-00047-00013347-00013513 every day.
f7pM5jwPgco-00048-00013513-00013907 You have to like selling and, working in a homewear store,
f7pM5jwPgco-00049-00013907-00014316 it's always nice if you like nice products.
f7pM5jwPgco-00050-00014316-00014816 And be able to help people and provide the customers
f7pM5jwPgco-00051-00014816-00015005 with what they need.
f7pM5jwPgco-00052-00015005-00015122 I want to get into retail.
f7pM5jwPgco-00053-00015122-00015304 What pathway should I take?
f7pM5jwPgco-00054-00015304-00015509 So it's always a good idea to look
f7pM5jwPgco-00055-00015509-00015761 at some educational options that you would have.
f7pM5jwPgco-00056-00015761-00016394 So a retail course of some kind would be good.
f7pM5jwPgco-00057-00016394-00016590 Customer service is always important,
f7pM5jwPgco-00058-00016590-00016971 so looking at areas in that.
f7pM5jwPgco-00059-00016971-00017411 Also, if you're looking to go into a retail store
f7pM5jwPgco-00060-00017411-00017741 similar to ours that does homewears and things,
f7pM5jwPgco-00061-00017741-00017919 it's always a good idea to maybe look
f7pM5jwPgco-00062-00017919-00018218 at something in interior styling,
f7pM5jwPgco-00063-00018218-00018730 so then that can set you up for further careers, as well.
f7pM5jwPgco-00064-00018730-00018973 If you are looking to get into your own business,
f7pM5jwPgco-00065-00018973-00019307 it's always good to look at business and marketing.
f7pM5jwPgco-00066-00019307-00019548 That's always really important, as well.
f7pM5jwPgco-00067-00019548-00019886 There's just so many aspects of having your own small business.
f7pM5jwPgco-00068-00019886-00020041 Even accounting is a good one.
f7pM5jwPgco-00069-00020041-00020244 So there's lots of different career paths
f7pM5jwPgco-00070-00020244-00020517 that retail can open up.
f7pM5jwPgco-00071-00020517-00020826 Thank you, Lindy, for giving me an insight into retail.
f7pM5jwPgco-00072-00020826-00021159 This gives me a better idea of what pathways to explore.
f7pM5jwPgco-00073-00021159-00021524 [MUSIC PLAYING]
f7pTdH7zunI-00000-00000011-00000550 Your Natchez History Minute is brought to you by Natchez National Historical Park.
f7pTdH7zunI-00001-00000667-00001238 The Emancipation Memorial is located in Lincoln Park in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Washington,
f7pTdH7zunI-00002-00001238-00001923 D. C. Designed and sculpted by Thomas Ball, the memorial was erected in 1876 and was paid
f7pTdH7zunI-00003-00001923-00002531 for solely by freed slaves. The funding drive for the monument began when former slave,
f7pTdH7zunI-00004-00002531-00003143 Charlotte Scott of Virginia gave $5 to her former master for the purpose of creating
f7pTdH7zunI-00005-00003143-00003863 a memorial honoring Abraham Lincoln. The Western Sanitary Commission, a St. Louis-based volunteer
f7pTdH7zunI-00006-00003863-00004511 agency, joined the effort and raised some $50,000 for the project. According to the
f7pTdH7zunI-00007-00004511-00005021 National Park Service, “The memorial was not the only effort of the time to build a
f7pTdH7zunI-00008-00005021-00005627 monument to Lincoln… [but] was the only one soliciting contributions exclusively from
f7pTdH7zunI-00009-00005627-00006287 those who had most benefitted from Lincoln’s act of emancipation.” In the Natchez District,
f7pTdH7zunI-00010-00006287-00006961 members of the U. S. Colored Troops contributed heavily to the memorial. W. C. Earles, Colonel
f7pTdH7zunI-00011-00006961-00007572 of the 70th U. S. Colored Troops stationed at Rodney, notified John Davidson, the Commander
f7pTdH7zunI-00012-00007572-00008429 of the Natchez District that his company had raised $2,942.50. Earles noted that the men
f7pTdH7zunI-00013-00008429-00008965 “feel deeply that the debt of gratitude they owe is large, and anything they can do
f7pTdH7zunI-00014-00008965-00009565 to keep his memory free will be done cheerfully and promptly.” Davidson estimated that the
f7pTdH7zunI-00015-00009565-00010375 total amount raised among the colored troops in Natchez was $16,242, almost one-third of
f7pTdH7zunI-00016-00010375-00011004 the commission’s $50,000 goal. Frederick Douglas gave the keynote speech at the dedication
f7pTdH7zunI-00017-00011004-00011438 to an audience that included President Ulysses S. Grant.
f7pTdH7zunI-00018-00011550-00012000 And this has been your Natchez History Minute, I am Betty Cade, co-chair of the Social Life
f7pTdH7zunI-00019-00012000-00012629 and Ethnic Group of the Natchez Tricentennial and Co-Pastor of the Word of Faith Ambassadors
f7pTdH7zunI-00020-00012629-00012781 Worship Center in Natchez, Mississippi.
f-8dRhQbRFc-00000-00000016-00000328 these athletes sonata
f-8dRhQbRFc-00001-00000544-00001296 starting off this gold medal final nice great shot just a little low as we've seen all day
f-8dRhQbRFc-00002-00001848-00002984 nine low again dave just nodded when that went low nine
f-8dRhQbRFc-00003-00004008-00004384 great adjustment there
f-8dRhQbRFc-00004-00005264-00005784 9.
f-8dRhQbRFc-00005-00006256-00007184 strong [__]
f-8dRhQbRFc-00006-00008376-00008440 right now
f-8dRhQbRFc-00007-00009832-00009984 settles you down
f-8dRhQbRFc-00008-00010296-00010328 nine
f-8dRhQbRFc-00009-00010616-00011384 really strong attacking shooting
f-8dRhQbRFc-00010-00012040-00012784 barry with a chance to go four nil up and she takes it really strong now
f-8dRhQbRFc-00011-00013480-00013512 nine
f-8dRhQbRFc-00012-00013736-00014184 not quite finding the ten good looking shots
f-8dRhQbRFc-00013-00014496-00015384 10. wow the confidence in that shot then she's really keeping the pressure up and
f-8dRhQbRFc-00014-00015384-00015584 she's determined to win yes
f-8dRhQbRFc-00015-00016272-00016984 still low yep
f-8dRhQbRFc-00016-00018280-00018632 ten that's what you needed massive shot
f-8dRhQbRFc-00017-00019064-00019392 mari with a 10 nine
f-8dRhQbRFc-00018-00019616-00020272 sonar leads off this fourth set trailing five set points to one
f-8dRhQbRFc-00019-00020656-00021184 nine
f-8dRhQbRFc-00020-00021656-00022584 9.
f-8dRhQbRFc-00021-00022976-00023984 eight
f-8dRhQbRFc-00022-00024816-00025384 maybe the wind's picking up and they're not reading it as well
f-8dRhQbRFc-00023-00026064-00026783 you can see your confidence come back yes nine and now it's five regulation play
f-8dRhQbRFc-00024-00028048-00028768 yeah so sonata can win this we go to a shoot-off ten the bar is back in the middle
f-8dRhQbRFc-00025-00029048-00029583 this is what you want to see in a gold medal final
f-8dRhQbRFc-00026-00029912-00030048 nine or ten on the line
f-8dRhQbRFc-00027-00030927-00030983 nine
f-8dRhQbRFc-00028-00031304-00031495 it's too close to call right now
f-8dRhQbRFc-00029-00031800-00032008 she really needs a ten yes
f-8dRhQbRFc-00030-00032272-00032840 long hold shaking oh no they are close
f-8dRhQbRFc-00031-00033168-00033360 i think it's nine to win that tend to win
f-8dRhQbRFc-00032-00033584-00033784 that's a ten
f-8dRhQbRFc-00033-00033960-00034360 whatever happens to that upgraded arrow that's enough points
f-_289eSBtM-00000-00000509-00000710 Hola y bienvenido a los puntos de conversación.
f-_289eSBtM-00001-00000797-00001156 Soy Dave Kelly, Director de Producción Advanced Media 00:20 En la playa larga de Cal State.
f-_289eSBtM-00002-00001249-00001452 Hoy vamos a hablar sobre la visualización remota,
f-_289eSBtM-00003-00001492-00001800 También conocido como fenómeno de ESP o psíquico.
f-_289eSBtM-00004-00001892-00002198 Hablaremos de la evidencia estadística que demuestra.
f-_289eSBtM-00005-00002228-00002523 Esa visualización remota es científicamente válida.
f-_289eSBtM-00006-00002568-00002768 Mi invitado hoy es el doctor Jessica Utts.
f-_289eSBtM-00007-00002835-00003035 Doctor Utts es profesor de estadísticas de la universidad.
f-_289eSBtM-00008-00003152-00003352 De California, Irvine.
f-_289eSBtM-00009-00003383-00003499 Bienvenido, Jessica.
f-_289eSBtM-00010-00003499-00003634 Y gracias por unirnos a nosotros en puntos de conversación.
f-_289eSBtM-00011-00003634-00003746 Gracias por tenerme, Dave.
f-_289eSBtM-00012-00003746-00003885 Estoy emocionado de estar aquí.
f-_289eSBtM-00013-00003887-00004087 Bueno, sé que algunos
f-_289eSBtM-00014-00004087-00004287 De nuestros espectadores ya se están convirtiendo en escépticos.
f-_289eSBtM-00015-00004287-00004411 En esa introducción.
f-_289eSBtM-00016-00004501-00004701 Y así, vamos a tratar de tratar 
f-_289eSBtM-00017-00004701-00004857 Con ese escepticismo en un momento.
f-_289eSBtM-00018-00004857-00005028 Llegaremos a la evidencia y las estadísticas.
f-_289eSBtM-00019-00005028-00005367 Pero primero, quiero definir algunos términos.
f-_289eSBtM-00020-00005372-00005667 Para que podamos impulsar la conversación hacia adelante.
f-_289eSBtM-00021-00005672-00005984 La visión remota es un término que se refiere literalmente
f-_289eSBtM-00022-00005984-00006515 Para ver de forma remota objetos o vehículos, edificios, etc.
f-_289eSBtM-00023-00006515-00006671 Incluso fotografías desde la distancia.
f-_289eSBtM-00024-00006671-00006842 No podemos verlo con los ojos,
f-_289eSBtM-00025-00006842-00007042 Pero podemos visualizarlo mentalmente.
f-_289eSBtM-00026-00007060-00007293 Ahí es donde el tipo ESP de componente
f-_289eSBtM-00027-00007303-00007503 O el fenómeno psíquico entra en juego.
f-_289eSBtM-00028-00007587-00007787 Hay tres categorías diferentes que vamos
f-_289eSBtM-00029-00007787-00008118 Para discutir: uno es la telepatía, uno es la clarividencia,
f-_289eSBtM-00030-00008118-00008260 Y el otro es precognición.
f-_289eSBtM-00031-00008333-00008533 Entonces, ¿qué significan realmente esos términos?
f-_289eSBtM-00032-00008588-00008668 Bueno, de acuerdo.
f-_289eSBtM-00033-00008668-00008864 Entonces, vamos a empezar con visualización remota distante
f-_289eSBtM-00034-00008881-00008976 En espacio o tiempo.
f-_289eSBtM-00035-00008976-00009056 Eso será importante
f-_289eSBtM-00036-00009056-00009198 En definir esos otros tres términos.
f-_289eSBtM-00037-00009198-00009420 Entonces, usemos un ejemplo
f-_289eSBtM-00038-00009420-00009652 Supongamos que tu amigo ha ido a Europa,
f-_289eSBtM-00039-00009655-00009826 Y tú decides un día vas a ir
f-_289eSBtM-00040-00009826-00009960 Para entregar a donde está ella.
f-_289eSBtM-00041-00009960-00010160 TU TAMBIÉN.
f-_289eSBtM-00042-00010166-00010479 Tu sintoniza, y obtienes una foto de ella en un lago.
f-_289eSBtM-00043-00010479-00010679 En un bote de remos con una isla.
f-_289eSBtM-00044-00010683-00010930 OKEY. ¿CÓMO CONSEGUISTE ESO?
f-_289eSBtM-00045-00010937-00011057 Bueno, hay tres posibilidades.
f-_289eSBtM-00046-00011057-00011123 Que podamos pensar.
f-_289eSBtM-00047-00011123-00011276 Uno es la clarividencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00048-00011276-00011537 Es como si realmente te hubieras flotado sobre ella.
f-_289eSBtM-00049-00011548-00011708 Y podía ver dónde estaba ella.
f-_289eSBtM-00050-00011708-00011956 El segundo es la telepatía que lees su mente.
f-_289eSBtM-00051-00011956-00012156 Porque ella sabe dónde está ella.
f-_289eSBtM-00052-00012188-00012497 Y el tercero es precognición, lo que significa que en el futuro,
f-_289eSBtM-00053-00012497-00012737 Ella te va a mostrar una foto de donde estaba ella.
f-_289eSBtM-00054-00012757-00013015 Y de alguna manera estás entrando a tu futuro.
f-_289eSBtM-00055-00013015-00013236 Donde realmente puedes ver dónde estaba ella.
f-_289eSBtM-00056-00013287-00013575 >> bien. Entonces, cuando hablamos de la visualización remota,
f-_289eSBtM-00057-00013575-00013753 Mucha gente - los escépticos que mencioné
f-_289eSBtM-00058-00013753-00014014 Al principio aquí, vamos a decir: "Bueno,
f-_289eSBtM-00059-00014041-00014215 Eso es solo un truco mago o algún tipo
f-_289eSBtM-00060-00014228-00014428 Del juego de salones o conjeturas afortunadas ".
f-_289eSBtM-00061-00014494-00014661 Y, pero su análisis estadístico resultó
f-_289eSBtM-00062-00014664-00014889 Que no es una suerte conjetura, no es un juego de parlor,
f-_289eSBtM-00063-00014889-00015089 Y no involucra magos.
f-_289eSBtM-00064-00015145-00015476 Y sé que hay algunas limitaciones, por supuesto,
f-_289eSBtM-00065-00015476-00015676 Relacionado con la visualización remota.
f-_289eSBtM-00066-00015692-00015961 Pero tuviste la oportunidad de involucrarte.
f-_289eSBtM-00067-00015963-00016327 En análisis estadístico e investigación en esta área.
f-_289eSBtM-00068-00016327-00016505 ¿Cómo te involucraste en ello?
f-_289eSBtM-00069-00016505-00016734 ¿Y por qué se requirió el análisis estadístico?
f-_289eSBtM-00070-00016746-00016852 ¿Y deseas en ese caso?
f-_289eSBtM-00071-00016906-00017012 >> Cuando me involucré,
f-_289eSBtM-00072-00017040-00017178 Hubo un programa clasificado.
f-_289eSBtM-00073-00017201-00017543 En lo que fue entonces Sri - Stanford Research Institute se convirtió en
f-_289eSBtM-00074-00017558-00017707 SRI International.
f-_289eSBtM-00075-00017716-00017879 Y yo estaba en el sabático en la Universidad de Stanford.
f-_289eSBtM-00076-00017879-00018181 Y me encontré con los directores de ese programa,
f-_289eSBtM-00077-00018184-00018344 Y necesitaban ayuda estadística.
f-_289eSBtM-00078-00018352-00018494 Ahora, ¿por qué la ayuda estadística?
f-_289eSBtM-00079-00018496-00018896 Bueno, porque se podría explicar cualquier incidente único.
f-_289eSBtM-00080-00018896-00019167 Como coincidencia o conjetura afortunada, pero cuando combinas pruebas;
f-_289eSBtM-00081-00019167-00019443 Cuando haces experimentos controlados usando estadísticas,
f-_289eSBtM-00082-00019462-00019651 No puedes explicar las cosas como afortunadas conjeturas.
f-_289eSBtM-00083-00019651-00019840 Porque controlamos lo probablemente
f-_289eSBtM-00084-00019843-00019992 Que las cosas deben suceder solo por casualidad.
f-_289eSBtM-00085-00019992-00020232 Entonces, necesitaban ayuda estadística, estaba interesado,
f-_289eSBtM-00086-00020232-00020512 Y así emparejamos y en realidad fui a trabajar.
f-_289eSBtM-00087-00020535-00020648 Para el programa por un año.
f-_289eSBtM-00088-00020682-00020773 Tomó un permiso de ausencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00089-00020814-00021146 >> Y también, la CIA estaba involucrada en la investigación.
f-_289eSBtM-00090-00021146-00021204 >> Derecho.
f-_289eSBtM-00091-00021204-00021364 >> y otras agencias de inteligencia
f-_289eSBtM-00092-00021373-00021519 Dentro del gobierno de los Estados Unidos.
f-_289eSBtM-00093-00021519-00021569 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00094-00021569-00021794 >> y terminaron utilizando la visualización remota
f-_289eSBtM-00095-00021795-00021995 Durante 15 a 20 años.
f-_289eSBtM-00096-00021995-00022057 >> Lo hicieron.
f-_289eSBtM-00097-00022057-00022300 >> Y por eso, obviamente, tenían suficiente fe en la eficacia.
f-_289eSBtM-00098-00022305-00022625 De esta o de la validez de esto para perseguirlo.
f-_289eSBtM-00099-00022673-00022990 Y usted está proporcionando el análisis estadístico para eso.
f-_289eSBtM-00100-00022990-00023041 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00101-00023045-00023277 Durante ese tiempo, había dos programas en marcha.
f-_289eSBtM-00102-00023277-00023437 Hubo un programa muy altamente clasificado.
f-_289eSBtM-00103-00023437-00023692 Donde estábamos usando psíquicos para espiar a nuestros enemigos.
f-_289eSBtM-00104-00023721-00023863 Y se vio el programa de investigación
f-_289eSBtM-00105-00023863-00024030 En el que tuvo una clasificación secreta más baja
f-_289eSBtM-00106-00024030-00024328 Y eso estaba sucediendo en Sri International, y eso fue
f-_289eSBtM-00107-00024346-00024502 Donde estaba trabajando como estadístico.
f-_289eSBtM-00108-00024502-00024710 Entonces, traíamos a las personas y haríamos experimentos controlados.
f-_289eSBtM-00109-00024710-00024775 Para ver si
f-_289eSBtM-00110-00024775-00024946 Para ver si funcionaría o no estadísticamente.
f-_289eSBtM-00111-00024968-00025168 >> Y sé que los militares tuvieron éxito,
f-_289eSBtM-00112-00025172-00025576 O la CIA tuvo éxito en encontrar un avión soviético derribado
f-_289eSBtM-00113-00025578-00025800 En alguna parte remota de África.
f-_289eSBtM-00114-00025807-00026083 Y nuestras personas querían conseguir
f-_289eSBtM-00115-00026083-00026327 A ese avión antes de que los soviéticos lo hicieran,
f-_289eSBtM-00116-00026327-00026542 Y así utilizamos la visualización remota para localizar
f-_289eSBtM-00117-00026542-00026738 Donde fue exactamente ese avión.
f-_289eSBtM-00118-00026738-00026916 Y lo encontramos.
f-_289eSBtM-00119-00026916-00026966 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00120-00026966-00027235 >> Y esto es validado por el presidente Jimmy Carter más adelante.
f-_289eSBtM-00121-00027241-00027293 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00122-00027310-00027510 El presidente Carter ha hablado en ese incidente.
f-_289eSBtM-00123-00027523-00027672 Y confirmó que era cierto.
f-_289eSBtM-00124-00027680-00027789 Y hay muchos otros ejemplos.
f-_289eSBtM-00125-00027792-00028035 Que ahora han sido desclasificados de ese tipo.
f-_289eSBtM-00126-00028113-00028327 Entonces, sí, cosas bastante asombrosas y duras.
f-_289eSBtM-00127-00028328-00028455 Para explicar de manera justo por coincidencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00128-00028535-00028688 >> Y hubo otros ejemplos.
f-_289eSBtM-00129-00028688-00028837 Hubo dibujos de grúas de pórtico.
f-_289eSBtM-00130-00028837-00029142 Donde los rusos estaban involucrados en el desarrollo de armas estratégicas.
f-_289eSBtM-00131-00029142-00029350 O algún tipo de tecnología nuclear.
f-_289eSBtM-00132-00029350-00029400 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00133-00029400-00029683 >> Y así, otra vez, lo usamos durante 15 a 20 años.
f-_289eSBtM-00134-00029683-00029771 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00135-00029771-00030043 >> Y si estaba trabajando, ¿por qué decidió el gobierno?
f-_289eSBtM-00136-00030043-00030269 ¿Para cancelar el programa a mediados de los 90?
f-_289eSBtM-00137-00030271-00030507 >> A mediados de los 90, decidieron realizar una revisión.
f-_289eSBtM-00138-00030507-00030824 La guerra fría había terminado, y no estaban tan interesados.
f-_289eSBtM-00139-00030824-00031013 En ese tipo de temas más.
f-_289eSBtM-00140-00031013-00031267 Creo que lo cancelaron, bueno, en primer lugar,
f-_289eSBtM-00141-00031267-00031467 Quién sabe si realmente lo cancelaron.
f-_289eSBtM-00142-00031479-00031711 Pero supuestamente, creo que lo cancelaron porque tenían
f-_289eSBtM-00143-00031715-00032144 Muchas formas más sofisticadas de espiar a las personas hoy en día.
f-_289eSBtM-00144-00032144-00032489 Quiero decir, obviamente, si las habilidades psíquicas eran fantásticas.
f-_289eSBtM-00145-00032489-00032689 Y siempre preciso, todos sabríamos.
f-_289eSBtM-00146-00032689-00032839 No habría debate sobre su realidad.
f-_289eSBtM-00147-00032841-00033074 Entonces, tenían técnicas de espionaje más sofisticadas.
f-_289eSBtM-00148-00033085-00033296 Y creo que simplemente no lo encontraron tan útil.
f-_289eSBtM-00149-00033341-00033657 >> Bueno, es interesante que a mediados de los 90, en 1995,
f-_289eSBtM-00150-00033657-00034035 Fue en realidad el mejor experto de Estados Unidos en términos
f-_289eSBtM-00151-00034035-00034250 De estar bien informado sobre la investigación estadística
f-_289eSBtM-00152-00034288-00034735 O análisis estadístico de la visualización remota a medida que se aplicó.
f-_289eSBtM-00153-00034749-00034949 A esas agencias de inteligencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00154-00034950-00035320 Y se le pidió que escribiera un artículo para que el Congreso revisara.
f-_289eSBtM-00155-00035320-00035379 >> Derecho.
f-_289eSBtM-00156-00035379-00035579 >> - Porque eso es cuando estaban considerando si financiar
f-_289eSBtM-00157-00035587-00035707 O desahundar el programa.
f-_289eSBtM-00158-00035747-00035911 ¿Qué fue? Y ahora vamos a conseguir
f-_289eSBtM-00159-00035911-00036062 En la prueba estadística.
f-_289eSBtM-00160-00036062-00036112 >> Está bien.
f-_289eSBtM-00161-00036113-00036382 >> ¿Cuál fue la esencia de ese documento que escribiste?
f-_289eSBtM-00162-00036382-00036756 Para el Congreso en 1995 y cuáles fueron las conclusiones importantes.
f-_289eSBtM-00163-00036756-00036823 Que viniste a
f-_289eSBtM-00164-00036834-00037009 >> En realidad fue un equipo de dos de nosotros.
f-_289eSBtM-00165-00037014-00037214 Y el otro tipo era un escéptico conocido
f-_289eSBtM-00166-00037225-00037484 Entonces, a los dos nos pidieron que mirara la evidencia científica,
f-_289eSBtM-00167-00037484-00037564 La evidencia estadística.
f-_289eSBtM-00168-00037566-00037958 De los laboratorios gubernamentales pero otros laboratorios.
f-_289eSBtM-00169-00037958-00038267 En todo el mundo que estudiaban el mismo tipo de cosas.
f-_289eSBtM-00170-00038268-00038664 Y lo que encontré fue una consistencia increíble en todos los
f-_289eSBtM-00171-00038664-00038966 De los diferentes laboratorios que estudiaban esto.
f-_289eSBtM-00172-00038975-00039200 Y eso no sucede si es solo una casualidad.
f-_289eSBtM-00173-00039235-00039580 Y así, lo que encontré fue estadístico abrumador.
f-_289eSBtM-00174-00039580-00039820 Evidencia: ya sabes, de diez a mil millones o lo que sea,
f-_289eSBtM-00175-00039846-00040184 Contra las posibilidades de los datos con solo combinar los datos
f-_289eSBtM-00176-00040184-00040311 A través de los laboratorios.
f-_289eSBtM-00177-00040389-00040578 El escéptico que estaba trabajando conmigo,
f-_289eSBtM-00178-00040579-00040800 Acordó que había abrumador
f-_289eSBtM-00179-00040800-00040938 Evidencia estadística.
f-_289eSBtM-00180-00040941-00041174 Él simplemente no estaba de acuerdo en lo que lo estaba causando
f-_289eSBtM-00181-00041174-00041400 Pero no tenía una explicación alternativa.
f-_289eSBtM-00182-00041448-00041906 >> y cuando hablamos de la estadística, mencionaste uno
f-_289eSBtM-00183-00041906-00042037 A los 10 mil millones de mil millones o algo así.
f-_289eSBtM-00184-00042037-00042110 >> Sí.
f-_289eSBtM-00185-00042110-00042263 >> ¿Eso significa que las posibilidades?
f-_289eSBtM-00186-00042338-00042777 De allí, siendo una conjetura afortunada sería una de cada diez mil millones.
f-_289eSBtM-00187-00042778-00042847 ¿O ALGO POR EL ESTILO?
f-_289eSBtM-00188-00042847-00043159 >> Lo que significa es si la gente solo estaba adivinando,
f-_289eSBtM-00189-00043200-00043480 La probabilidad de que veamos evidencia como fuerte.
f-_289eSBtM-00190-00043492-00043692 Como vimos, si solo estaban adivinando,
f-_289eSBtM-00191-00043698-00043931 Fue sobre uno de cada diez mil millones.
f-_289eSBtM-00192-00043931-00043981 >> Está bien.
f-_289eSBtM-00193-00043981-00044181 Y así, para poner eso en algún contexto,
f-_289eSBtM-00194-00044181-00044494 Tú y yo discutimos anteriormente que se estableció la lotería de California.
f-_289eSBtM-00195-00044494-00044625 En la década de 1980 en ese momento.
f-_289eSBtM-00196-00044625-00044675 >> Sí.
f-_289eSBtM-00197-00044708-00044832 >> Es más difícil ganar la lotería ahora que entonces.
f-_289eSBtM-00198-00044846-00044896 >> Derecho.
f-_289eSBtM-00199-00044896-00045125 >> Pero cuando inicialmente desarrollaron la lotería,
f-_289eSBtM-00200-00045125-00045376 Las posibilidades eran aproximadamente una de las 14 millones.
f-_289eSBtM-00201-00045376-00045576 De obtener ese boleto ganador.
f-_289eSBtM-00202-00045591-00045816 Ahora, si solo tomamos ese número
f-_289eSBtM-00203-00045832-00046123 Y para las matemáticas fáciles decir uno de cada 10 millones.
f-_289eSBtM-00204-00046131-00046505 Entonces, uno de cada 10 millones es 1,000 veces menor.
f-_289eSBtM-00205-00046520-00046680 Que uno de cada 10 mil millones.
f-_289eSBtM-00206-00046680-00046731 >> Correcto
f-_289eSBtM-00207-00046731-00046899 >> Entonces, eso te muestra las probabilidades.
f-_289eSBtM-00208-00046911-00047151 De ganar la lotería es mucho mejor que venir
f-_289eSBtM-00209-00047151-00047224 Con una conjetura afortunada en la visión remota.
f-_289eSBtM-00210-00047224-00047274 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00211-00047294-00047382 Y para un individuo.
f-_289eSBtM-00212-00047382-00047458 >> Un individuo.
f-_289eSBtM-00213-00047458-00047531 >> Eso significa, obviamente, alguien va
f-_289eSBtM-00214-00047531-00047644 Para ganar la lotería, ¿verdad?
f-_289eSBtM-00215-00047644-00047808 Probablemente sea para un solo individuo
f-_289eSBtM-00216-00047808-00047884 Con un solo boleto ganador.
f-_289eSBtM-00217-00047890-00048308 Pero fue de unos 10, uno en, como usted dijo, 14 millones.
f-_289eSBtM-00218-00048308-00048363 >> Derecho. Uno de los 14 millones.
f-_289eSBtM-00219-00048363-00048454 >> Entonces, a la derecha.
f-_289eSBtM-00220-00048454-00048504 ASÍ ES.
f-_289eSBtM-00221-00048504-00048600 Así, mil veces más fuerte.
f-_289eSBtM-00222-00048600-00048650 SÍ.
f-_289eSBtM-00223-00048650-00048730 >> Correscto,. EXACTAMENTE.
f-_289eSBtM-00224-00048731-00049051 Así que de nuevo, de vuelta a la validez de esto.
f-_289eSBtM-00225-00049059-00049401 La validez es a través de las estadísticas,
f-_289eSBtM-00226-00049401-00049768 Es el hecho de que puedes replicar los resultados.
f-_289eSBtM-00227-00049771-00049821 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00228-00049822-00049872 >> - en las pruebas.
f-_289eSBtM-00229-00049904-00049954 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00230-00049971-00050117 >> Y eso es muy importante cuando estamos hablando.
f-_289eSBtM-00231-00050132-00050332 Sobre el método científico es la réplica -
f-_289eSBtM-00232-00050332-00050400 Réplica - replicabilidad.
f-_289eSBtM-00233-00050400-00050520 >> Replicabilidad.
f-_289eSBtM-00234-00050520-00050738 >> Nunca podré decirlo, pero eso es lo que es.
f-_289eSBtM-00235-00050738-00050788 >> exactamente.
f-_289eSBtM-00236-00050788-00050857 >> Repetibilidad.
f-_289eSBtM-00237-00050857-00050907 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00238-00050907-00050962 >> Vamos a usar esa palabra.
f-_289eSBtM-00239-00050998-00051162 Entonces, la repetibilidad en esto fue
f-_289eSBtM-00240-00051164-00051404 ¿En qué categoría dirías?
f-_289eSBtM-00241-00051404-00051629 >> Fue muy, muy consistente.
f-_289eSBtM-00242-00051635-00051889 Entonces, en ese momento, había tal vez ocho o diez laboratorios.
f-_289eSBtM-00243-00051891-00052091 Que habían hecho tipos similares de experimentos.
f-_289eSBtM-00244-00052093-00052402 Y encontré el mismo efecto de tamaño en todos ellos.
f-_289eSBtM-00245-00052409-00052609 La mala noticia es que no es un efecto grande.
f-_289eSBtM-00246-00052615-00053015 Pero la consistencia entre los laboratorios, no para aburrir a la gente.
f-_289eSBtM-00247-00053015-00053313 Con estadísticas, pero los experimentos se establecieron así
f-_289eSBtM-00248-00053313-00053521 Que obtendrías las cosas por casualidad
f-_289eSBtM-00249-00053521-00053721 Alrededor de uno en cuatro veces.
f-_289eSBtM-00250-00053721-00053964 Y en cambio consistentemente en los laboratorios,
f-_289eSBtM-00251-00053964-00054164 La gente lo consiguió justo en tres veces.
f-_289eSBtM-00252-00054197-00054683 Tan pequeño efecto, pero cuando lo agregas sobre todas esas pruebas
f-_289eSBtM-00253-00054683-00054883 Y todos esos laboratorios, abrumadores de azar.
f-_289eSBtM-00254-00054926-00055152 >> Así que eso significa que tienes un mayor
f-_289eSBtM-00255-00055163-00055469 Que la posibilidad de ser de las probabilidades estadísticas de ser correcto -
f-_289eSBtM-00256-00055502-00055552 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00257-00055584-00055671 >> - con visión remota.
f-_289eSBtM-00258-00055697-00055868 Y así, podemos correlacionar esto.
f-_289eSBtM-00259-00055868-00055996 Con un promedio de bateo también, creo.
f-_289eSBtM-00260-00055996-00056090 >> Sí. SÍ.
f-_289eSBtM-00261-00056112-00056210 >> Y, por lo que sabemos
f-_289eSBtM-00262-00056234-00056365 Que es un jugador de béisbol profesional
f-_289eSBtM-00263-00056373-00056646 Si él es una persona realmente competitiva en el plato.
f-_289eSBtM-00264-00056646-00056846 Va a golpear por encima de 300.
f-_289eSBtM-00265-00056846-00056896 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00266-00056920-00057062 >> Significado aproximadamente uno de cada tres veces
f-_289eSBtM-00267-00057071-00057205 En el Bate va a ponerse en la base.
f-_289eSBtM-00268-00057234-00057754 Ahora, eso no significa que vayas a golpear la pelota.
f-_289eSBtM-00269-00057754-00057827 De cada tres veces que subes
f-_289eSBtM-00270-00057827-00058027 Quiero decir que hay algunos días que podrías atacar
f-_289eSBtM-00271-00058027-00058158 Fuera cuatro veces seguidas.
f-_289eSBtM-00272-00058158-00058358 Y al día siguiente, tal vez golpeó a dos homeruns.
f-_289eSBtM-00273-00058358-00058408 >>Correcto . YO NO
f-_289eSBtM-00274-00058408-00058506 Yo tacharía cada vez.
f-_289eSBtM-00275-00058506-00058594 >> No tú, sino -
f-_289eSBtM-00276-00058613-00058699 >> Sí. ASÍ ES.
f-_289eSBtM-00277-00058699-00058823 >> El jugador de baseball.
f-_289eSBtM-00278-00058823-00058873 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00279-00058873-00059291 >> Y así, que si aplicamos esa estadística, nosotros -
f-_289eSBtM-00280-00059291-00059567 Con el tiempo, eso es cuando nos encontramos con el promedio de bateador.
f-_289eSBtM-00281-00059568-00059728 ¿Es similar con la visualización remota?
f-_289eSBtM-00282-00059747-00059903 >> Es similar en muchos aspectos.
f-_289eSBtM-00283-00059903-00060103 Nadie puede predecir cuando alguien va
f-_289eSBtM-00284-00060103-00060220 Para golpear la pelota, ¿verdad?
f-_289eSBtM-00285-00060221-00060337 Esa es una de las frustraciones
f-_289eSBtM-00286-00060340-00060496 Lo mismo con la visualización remota.
f-_289eSBtM-00287-00060496-00060696 No podemos predecir cuando alguien va a poder
f-_289eSBtM-00288-00060696-00060794 Para hacerlo y cuando no lo estén.
f-_289eSBtM-00289-00060804-00061080 Pero sí sabemos que pueden hacerlo mejor que el azar.
f-_289eSBtM-00290-00061091-00061313 Y algunas personas pueden hacer mucho mejor que el azar,
f-_289eSBtM-00291-00061313-00061414 Algunos de los superestrellas.
f-_289eSBtM-00292-00061440-00061709 >> Correcto. Ahora, uno de los aspectos más interesantes.
f-_289eSBtM-00293-00061715-00061915 De la visión remota es el hecho
f-_289eSBtM-00294-00061925-00062092 Que puedes hacer esto sobre una larga distancia.
f-_289eSBtM-00295-00062092-00062151 >>Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00296-00062157-00062448 >> En otras palabras, es tan fácil de verse a distancia.
f-_289eSBtM-00297-00062448-00062670 En China o Australia como es
f-_289eSBtM-00298-00062681-00062881 En el garaje de su vecino en la calle.
f-_289eSBtM-00299-00062891-00063120 Quiero decir, la puerta del garaje está cerrada.
f-_289eSBtM-00300-00063120-00063226 No sabes lo que hay allí.
f-_289eSBtM-00301-00063226-00063276 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00302-00063276-00063559 >> Pero la capacidad de la visión remota es tal que pueda hacerlo.
f-_289eSBtM-00303-00063559-00063886 En China o Australia tan fácilmente como mirar en su garaje.
f-_289eSBtM-00304-00063915-00063977 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00305-00063996-00064417 >> Y así, eso significa que hay este componente de distancia.
f-_289eSBtM-00306-00064488-00064707 Eso es bastante increíble.
f-_289eSBtM-00307-00064726-00064947 Y también, la precognición de la que hablaste:
f-_289eSBtM-00308-00064964-00065088 Ser capaz de predecir eventos.
f-_289eSBtM-00309-00065088-00065288 Solíamos llamar a esa premonición, creo.
f-_289eSBtM-00310-00065288-00065338 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00311-00065338-00065618 >> Y, por lo tanto, tienes premoniciones, y puedes predecir eventos.
f-_289eSBtM-00312-00065634-00065958 Eso no van a ocurrir durante 2, 3 días, tal vez una semana después.
f-_289eSBtM-00313-00065969-00066019 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00314-00066043-00066203 >> Y así, eso parece sugerir que hay algún tipo.
f-_289eSBtM-00315-00066221-00066421 De aspecto hiperimensional a la visualización remota
f-_289eSBtM-00316-00066437-00066731 Donde el tiempo no es solo una cuarta dimensión,
f-_289eSBtM-00317-00066741-00066955 Pero tal vez hay dimensiones adicionales.
f-_289eSBtM-00318-00067006-00067290 Llamamos a eso, supongo que, la correlación no local o la no localidad:
f-_289eSBtM-00319-00067325-00067838 Tener esa capacidad de distancia y esa capacidad para ver con el tiempo.
f-_289eSBtM-00320-00067843-00068043 ¿Qué implica eso?
f-_289eSBtM-00321-00068043-00068129 ¿No localidad?
f-_289eSBtM-00322-00068129-00068329 >> Creo que implica que necesitamos
f-_289eSBtM-00323-00068335-00068535 Para que los físicos trabajen en esto.
f-_289eSBtM-00324-00068551-00068809 Creo que realmente hay algo que no entendemos.
f-_289eSBtM-00325-00068809-00069009 Sobre la física.
f-_289eSBtM-00326-00069016-00069441 Y que de alguna manera las personas pueden pasar por espacio y tiempo
f-_289eSBtM-00327-00069458-00069680 De la forma en que entendemos para obtener información.
f-_289eSBtM-00328-00069680-00069989 Creo que tenemos grandes pistas que puedes hacerlo.
f-_289eSBtM-00329-00070003-00070297 Sobre largas distancias y hazlo a través del tiempo.
f-_289eSBtM-00330-00070299-00070594 Esas son grandes pistas que algo está mal, o no, -
f-_289eSBtM-00331-00070607-00070825 Algo está incompleto sobre nuestra comprensión.
f-_289eSBtM-00332-00070836-00070942 Del universo si lo pensamos
f-_289eSBtM-00333-00070942-00071142 Como solo tres dimensiones más tiempo.
f-_289eSBtM-00334-00071212-00071278 >> y sé que hay un -
f-_289eSBtM-00335-00071288-00071572 Hay un físico en UC Berkeley
f-_289eSBtM-00336-00071577-00071708 Por el nombre de Henry Stapp.
f-_289eSBtM-00337-00071712-00072032 Y ha declarado que las conexiones cuánticas -
f-_289eSBtM-00338-00072044-00072120 Y de eso estamos hablando aquí.
f-_289eSBtM-00339-00072120-00072208 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00340-00072253-00072562 >> - Podría ser el descubrimiento más profundo en toda la ciencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00341-00072583-00072903 Y así, sé que los físicos han mirado esto.
f-_289eSBtM-00342-00072920-00073048 En términos de fotones -
f-_289eSBtM-00343-00073051-00073102 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00344-00073102-00073200 >> - que son partículas de luz.
f-_289eSBtM-00345-00073206-00073424 Y las partículas de luz más pequeñas se pueden generar.
f-_289eSBtM-00346-00073428-00073672 De la misma fuente y viajar en direcciones opuestas.
f-_289eSBtM-00347-00073678-00073918 Y aún mantiene la coherencia o conectividad.
f-_289eSBtM-00348-00073924-00074299 Y ese es el aspecto cuántico en la física.
f-_289eSBtM-00349-00074299-00074354 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00350-00074387-00074587 >> Así que tenemos que seguir esto un poco más en términos.
f-_289eSBtM-00351-00074587-00074718 El aspecto del fenómeno psíquico también.
f-_289eSBtM-00352-00074724-00074830 >> Correcto. CORRECTO.
f-_289eSBtM-00353-00074846-00075021 Entonces, los físicos entienden
f-_289eSBtM-00354-00075021-00075188 Eso sucede en el mundo cuántico.
f-_289eSBtM-00355-00075190-00075415 Lo que no saben es si sucede o no más allá
f-_289eSBtM-00356-00075415-00075662 Que en el mundo de cosas más grandes como nosotros, a la derecha
f-_289eSBtM-00357-00075662-00076117 Pero también es probablemente cierto que la mayoría de los fotones han interactuado.
f-_289eSBtM-00358-00076140-00076303 En algún momento a través de la historia del universo.
f-_289eSBtM-00359-00076309-00076509 Y así, quién sabe si hay alguna explicación allí.
f-_289eSBtM-00360-00076522-00076784 Es muy desconcertante porque no tenemos una explicación.
f-_289eSBtM-00361-00076806-00077068 Pero esas son todas las pistas por donde se ve, creo.
f-_289eSBtM-00362-00077126-00077384 Ok, despues de eso,  tenemos que tomar una pausa. 
f-_289eSBtM-00363-00077384-00077762 >> Y así, cuando regresamos del descanso, estaremos hablando.
f-_289eSBtM-00364-00077789-00078072 Estaremos hablando, Acerca de: estaremos hablando de ejemplos adicionales.
f-_289eSBtM-00365-00078072-00078236 De visualización remota y análisis estadístico.
f-_289eSBtM-00366-00078272-00078715 ¿Para qué se pueden usar las limitaciones y para qué se puede usar?
f-_289eSBtM-00367-00078732-00078783 MANTÉNGANSE AL TANTO
f-_289eSBtM-00368-00079496-00079696 >> Bienvenido de nuevo a los puntos de conversación.
f-_289eSBtM-00369-00079708-00079759 Soy Dave Kelly.
f-_289eSBtM-00370-00079759-00079959 Mi invitado hoy es el doctor Jessica Utts.
f-_289eSBtM-00371-00079961-00080220 Y estamos hablando de la visualización remota.
f-_289eSBtM-00372-00080225-00080516 Ahora, Jessica, antes de que fuiéramos al descanso, dije que hablaremos.
f-_289eSBtM-00373-00080555-00080784 Sobre algunos otros ejemplos de visualización remota
f-_289eSBtM-00374-00080791-00080991 Que son bastante asombrosos.
f-_289eSBtM-00375-00080991-00081191 Y uno de ellos es el hecho de que hicieron pruebas.
f-_289eSBtM-00376-00081204-00081520 Donde se llevaron a los remotos a los submarinos
f-_289eSBtM-00377-00081520-00082033 Y se fue a 500 millas de la costa y se fue a 500 pies por debajo del agua
f-_289eSBtM-00378-00082048-00082447 En el submarino, y todavía tenían los mismos tipos de resultados.
f-_289eSBtM-00379-00082454-00082567 De los espectadores remotos.
f-_289eSBtM-00380-00082567-00082658 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00381-00082674-00082874 >> Entonces, cuando se produce ese tipo de fenómeno,
f-_289eSBtM-00382-00082894-00083213 ¿Cómo logran explicar los escépticos?
f-_289eSBtM-00383-00083252-00083452 >> ellos no lo hacen.
f-_289eSBtM-00384-00083452-00083539 Eso es lo que es interesante.
f-_289eSBtM-00385-00083539-00083634 Ellos seleccionan selectivamente la evidencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00386-00083678-00083772 Y no los llamaria escépticos.
f-_289eSBtM-00387-00083782-00084000 Un verdadero escéptico realmente estaría tratando de resolver esto.
f-_289eSBtM-00388-00084004-00084204 Los llamo negadores o debkers.
f-_289eSBtM-00389-00084204-00084488 Eligen selectivamente la evidencia que es fácil de elegir.
f-_289eSBtM-00390-00084492-00084747 Sabes como algunos ejemplos donde alguien
f-_289eSBtM-00391-00084853-00085053 En la habitación conocía la respuesta correcta.
f-_289eSBtM-00392-00085053-00085253 Sabes que puedes elegir eso, porque es demasiado fácil.
f-_289eSBtM-00393-00085265-00085348 Para dar pistas sutiles si alguien
f-_289eSBtM-00394-00085370-00085570 En la sala conoce la respuesta correcta.
f-_289eSBtM-00395-00085570-00085679 Pero teniendo el submarino allí abajo,
f-_289eSBtM-00396-00085694-00085967 Y no puedes explicar eso lejos.
f-_289eSBtM-00397-00085967-00086167 Y por cierto, una de las razones que hicieron.
f-_289eSBtM-00398-00086187-00086274 Eso fue que estaban tratando de gobernar
f-_289eSBtM-00399-00086307-00086550 Out como las olas electromagnéticas como la explicación.
f-_289eSBtM-00400-00086577-00086922 Entonces, utilizaron varias formas de bloquear esos tipos de ondas.
f-_289eSBtM-00401-00086934-00087134 Por eso siempre me río cuando escucho a la gente decir: "Bueno,
f-_289eSBtM-00402-00087134-00087334 Si era real, deberíamos poder detectar olas.
f-_289eSBtM-00403-00087334-00087534 O algo saliendo de las cabezas de la gente ".
f-_289eSBtM-00404-00087551-00087751 NO. Sabemos que no funciona de esa manera.
f-_289eSBtM-00405-00087751-00087976 >> Derecho. Y relacionado con lo que hablamos antes del descanso,
f-_289eSBtM-00406-00087976-00088176 Si esto es una dinámica cuántica.
f-_289eSBtM-00407-00088176-00088376 Que involucra múltiples dimensiones,
f-_289eSBtM-00408-00088376-00088638 Luego el campo electromagnético no es lo que es esto.
f-_289eSBtM-00409-00088638-00088739 A punto de empezar.
f-_289eSBtM-00410-00088739-00088804 >> y blindaje.
f-_289eSBtM-00411-00088813-00089039 Obviamente, 500 pies por debajo del agua
f-_289eSBtM-00412-00089055-00089255 Y en un submarino es bastante buen blindaje.
f-_289eSBtM-00413-00089255-00089335 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00414-00089344-00089475 >> Pero también han encontrado que otros tipos.
f-_289eSBtM-00415-00089485-00089823 De blindaje con la jaula de Faraday o algo así.
f-_289eSBtM-00416-00089823-00089892 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00417-00089892-00090092 >> Aún así, eso tampoco hace ninguna diferencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00418-00090092-00090142 >> exactamente.
f-_289eSBtM-00419-00090142-00090212 SÍ.
f-_289eSBtM-00420-00090212-00090481 >> Está bien. Y así, cuando hablamos del trabajo.
f-_289eSBtM-00421-00090481-00090681 De la que estabas involucrado, es muy interesante
f-_289eSBtM-00422-00090691-00090920 Que estabas con el Instituto de Investigación de Stanford
f-_289eSBtM-00423-00090943-00091143 Con los individuos que establecen el laboratorio.
f-_289eSBtM-00424-00091160-00091269 Había hal puthoff -
f-_289eSBtM-00425-00091271-00091321 >>Correcto
f-_289eSBtM-00426-00091323-00091523 >> - y Russel Targ que ponen esto juntos.
f-_289eSBtM-00427-00091523-00091589 >> Está bien.
f-_289eSBtM-00428-00091589-00091789 >> Dos físicos que trabajan con láseres -
f-_289eSBtM-00429-00091789-00091839 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00430-00091839-00092043 >> - que están interesados ​​en ese aspecto de no localidad
f-_289eSBtM-00431-00092043-00092243 De la física cuántica de la que hablamos.
f-_289eSBtM-00432-00092243-00092297 >> Sí.
f-_289eSBtM-00433-00092314-00092514 >> donde los fotones van en direcciones separadas y
f-_289eSBtM-00434-00092514-00092732 Sin embargo, permanecer en la correlación entre sí.
f-_289eSBtM-00435-00092741-00093141 Entonces, trajeron algunos de los mejores psíquicos del día.
f-_289eSBtM-00436-00093141-00093341 Uno de ellos fue PAT Price.
f-_289eSBtM-00437-00093341-00093697 Era un policía de Burbank, que en realidad era instrumental.
f-_289eSBtM-00438-00093697-00093897 Al localizar el vehículo de la escapada.
f-_289eSBtM-00439-00093897-00094075 En el secuestro de Patty Heart, en los años 70.
f-_289eSBtM-00440-00094075-00094177 >> Está bien.
f-_289eSBtM-00441-00094177-00094484 >> También tenías Ingo Swann, uno de los psíquicos más importantes.
f-_289eSBtM-00442-00094484-00094684 Quién era un artista de Nueva York.
f-_289eSBtM-00443-00094688-00094738 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00444-00094738-00094938 >> Y luego había Joe McMoneagle, ¿quién era
f-_289eSBtM-00445-00094939-00095189 En los militares y fue un gran dibujo artista.
f-_289eSBtM-00446-00095197-00095397 Pero también tuvieron algunas habilidades que fueron identificadas.
f-_289eSBtM-00447-00095397-00095597 Y se convirtió en un gran espectador remoto.
f-_289eSBtM-00448-00095600-00095901 Ahora sé que trabajaste con Ingo Swann, el artista.
f-_289eSBtM-00449-00095912-00096110 Y con Joe McMoneagle.
f-_289eSBtM-00450-00096110-00096190 > Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00451-00096190-00096437 >> ¿Cómo explicaban sus habilidades excepcionales?
f-_289eSBtM-00452-00096437-00096600 ¿Y qué tipo de personas eran?
f-_289eSBtM-00453-00096600-00096916 >> Son, ante todo, personas muy interesantes y creativas.
f-_289eSBtM-00454-00096916-00097018 Nunca conocí a Pat Price
f-_289eSBtM-00455-00097019-00097317 Y también debería decir, ya sabes, cuando dijiste que trajeron.
f-_289eSBtM-00456-00097317-00097437 En algunos de los mejores psíquicos.
f-_289eSBtM-00457-00097440-00097720 Nunca fueron con personas que afirmaron ser psíquicos.
f-_289eSBtM-00458-00097720-00097840 Con excepciones muy raras.
f-_289eSBtM-00459-00097840-00098236 Querían a las personas que solo estaban haciendo otros tipos.
f-_289eSBtM-00460-00098236-00098313 De cosas ordinarias en nuestras vidas y capaces
f-_289eSBtM-00461-00098313-00098458 Para usar de alguna manera esta habilidad
f-_289eSBtM-00462-00098465-00098748 El precio de PAT se puso en contacto con ellos diciendo que había usado estas habilidades.
f-_289eSBtM-00463-00098748-00098886 En su trabajo policial.
f-_289eSBtM-00464-00098888-00099154 Pero Ingo y Joe son muy buenos artistas,
f-_289eSBtM-00465-00099154-00099437 Pero no podrían ser más diferentes de lo contrario.
f-_289eSBtM-00466-00099437-00099698 Ingo realmente era un artista por profesión.
f-_289eSBtM-00467-00099698-00100036 Y Joe era un tipo militar, un hombre militar muy duro.
f-_289eSBtM-00468-00100036-00100440 Y una diferencia es que Ingo realmente no estaba interesada.
f-_289eSBtM-00469-00100440-00100502 En la ciencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00470-00100502-00100669 Cooperó en los experimentos,
f-_289eSBtM-00471-00100669-00100767 Pero él no estaba tan interesado.
f-_289eSBtM-00472-00100767-00101214 Joe está muy interesado en la ciencia y se convirtió en miembro.
f-_289eSBtM-00473-00101214-00101447 Del equipo científico para ver si podríamos intentarlo
f-_289eSBtM-00474-00101447-00101514 Para averiguar cómo funciona esto.
f-_289eSBtM-00475-00101514-00101667 Pero de nuevo, ambos son creativos.
f-_289eSBtM-00476-00101667-00101954 Ambos son capaces de dibujar muy bien.
f-_289eSBtM-00477-00101954-00102194 Y creo que eso ayuda en esto.
f-_289eSBtM-00478-00102270-00102517 >> Derecho. Y usted mencionó en una conversación previa
f-_289eSBtM-00479-00102518-00102747 Que Joe estaba en algún tipo de programa de televisión
f-_289eSBtM-00480-00102754-00103001 Donde le pedirían a la vista remota.
f-_289eSBtM-00481-00103001-00103270 Y mencionaste que tenía un secreto.
f-_289eSBtM-00482-00103270-00103406 ¿Qué fue ese secreto?
f-_289eSBtM-00483-00103406-00103701 >> Ese secreto fue: en realidad no lo hizo en tiempo real.
f-_289eSBtM-00484-00103701-00103838 Lo haría la noche anterior al programa de televisión,
f-_289eSBtM-00485-00103838-00103962 Y todavía funcionaría.
f-_289eSBtM-00486-00103966-00104191 Entonces, él lo esperaba de alguna manera,
f-_289eSBtM-00487-00104269-00104538 Tal vez usando el precognición, hasta cuando realmente van a ir.
f-_289eSBtM-00488-00104545-00104745 Para seleccionar el objetivo durante el programa de televisión,
f-_289eSBtM-00489-00104745-00104923 Y él lo dibujaría la noche anterior en su habitación de hotel.
f-_289eSBtM-00490-00104923-00105123 >> y ese es otro ejemplo increíble
f-_289eSBtM-00491-00105123-00105323 De cómo funciona la precognición y con uno
f-_289eSBtM-00492-00105402-00105739 De los psíquicos más importantes que sabíamos en ese momento.
f-_289eSBtM-00493-00105739-00105789 >> Sí.
f-_289eSBtM-00494-00105789-00106111 >> Ahora, creo que también debemos tener mucho cuidado
f-_289eSBtM-00495-00106167-00106514 Que reconocemos que hay mucho
f-_289eSBtM-00496-00106534-00106751 De psíquicos falsos por ahí.
f-_289eSBtM-00497-00106751-00106821 >> Sí
f-_289eSBtM-00498-00106821-00107074 >> que están aprovechando a las personas y cobrando mucho
f-_289eSBtM-00499-00107074-00107200 De dinero para consejos -
f-_289eSBtM-00500-00107200-00107260 >>Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00501-00107260-00107400 >> - Eso no es realmente el tipo de cosas
f-_289eSBtM-00502-00107400-00107600 De la que estamos hablando.
f-_289eSBtM-00503-00107600-00107873 Entonces, ¿debería las personas ser escépticas sobre los psíquicos?
f-_289eSBtM-00504-00107873-00108073 ¿Eso está buscando dinero para consejos?
f-_289eSBtM-00505-00108073-00108336 >> Sí. Dave, me alegro de que estés levantado ese punto
f-_289eSBtM-00506-00108336-00108536 Porque una cosa que conocemos es
f-_289eSBtM-00507-00108600-00108849 Que esto no es una habilidad muy fuerte o, ya sabes,
f-_289eSBtM-00508-00108924-00109159 No lo hace, no puede ser 100% precisa.
f-_289eSBtM-00509-00109181-00109381 Nunca hemos encontrado a nadie que sea 100% precisa.
f-_289eSBtM-00510-00109381-00109626 Y que hay varias formas de con personas solo
f-_289eSBtM-00511-00109679-00109879 Al leer su lenguaje corporal,
f-_289eSBtM-00512-00109879-00110079 Al ver si están usando un anillo.
f-_289eSBtM-00513-00110101-00110357 La gente viene a los psíquicos por tres razones principales:
f-_289eSBtM-00514-00110357-00110557 Ya sabes, carrera, amor, dinero
f-_289eSBtM-00515-00110557-00110729 Y el psíquico puede recoger fácilmente en eso.
f-_289eSBtM-00516-00110729-00110910 Hay bases de datos ahora donde pueden descubrir mucho
f-_289eSBtM-00517-00110910-00110979 Sobre ti con anticipación
f-_289eSBtM-00518-00110979-00111154 Si todo lo que saben es tu nombre y tu cumpleaños.
f-_289eSBtM-00519-00111154-00111600 Así que sí, el comprador guarde cuándo se trata de ese tipo de cosas.
f-_289eSBtM-00520-00111600-00111650 >> Está bien.
f-_289eSBtM-00521-00111650-00111972 Bueno, hablemos de habilidad psíquica que las personas tienen.
f-_289eSBtM-00522-00111972-00112319 Ahora, en tus pruebas, porque probaste mucha gente.
f-_289eSBtM-00523-00112319-00112369 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00524-00112502-00112702 >> ¿Todos nosotros tenemos esta capacidad?
f-_289eSBtM-00525-00112726-00112989 Algunos obviamente lo tienen en mucha mayor cantidad que otros.
f-_289eSBtM-00526-00112989-00113039 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00527-00113039-00113313 >> y eso sugeriría que tal vez sea un talento especial
f-_289eSBtM-00528-00113313-00113513 Como un talento musical excepcional.
f-_289eSBtM-00529-00113513-00113583 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00530-00113583-00113696 >> O excepcional talento atlético.
f-_289eSBtM-00531-00113696-00113896 Ya hablamos sobre los principales jugadores de béisbol de la liga.
f-_289eSBtM-00532-00113896-00114096 Pero podemos hablar de músicos excepcionales.
f-_289eSBtM-00533-00114106-00114156 Y artistas, etc
f-_289eSBtM-00534-00114156-00114219 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00535-00114234-00114434 >> Entonces, ¿todos lo tenemos?
f-_289eSBtM-00536-00114438-00114620 ¿Algunos lo tienen mucho más que otros?
f-_289eSBtM-00537-00114620-00114719 ¿Es entrenable?
f-_289eSBtM-00538-00114729-00115100 Y usted mencionó, creo, en un momento dado que es mucho más fácil
f-_289eSBtM-00539-00115100-00115399 Para encontrarlos - Grandes espectadores remotos -
f-_289eSBtM-00540-00115399-00115455 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00541-00115455-00115561 >> - que entrenarlos.
f-_289eSBtM-00542-00115561-00115611 >> Eso es absolutamente correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00543-00115611-00115661 >> ¿Qué quisiste decir con eso?
f-_289eSBtM-00544-00115661-00115800 >> Es difícil entrenar a la gente.
f-_289eSBtM-00545-00115800-00116052 Creo que la gente tiene un espectro de habilidad, creo.
f-_289eSBtM-00546-00116055-00116203 Al igual que has mencionado la música
f-_289eSBtM-00547-00116203-00116287 ESA CLASE DE COSAS.
f-_289eSBtM-00548-00116287-00116557 O arte. Creo que hay un espectro de habilidad.
f-_289eSBtM-00549-00116564-00116827 Todo el mundo puede ser entrenado para hacerlo un poco mejor.
f-_289eSBtM-00550-00116827-00117069 Aprendiendo a calmar su mente y deshacerse del ruido
f-_289eSBtM-00551-00117085-00117285 O la charla que siempre está pasando.
f-_289eSBtM-00552-00117327-00117566 Pero más allá de eso, parece que solo parece haber una habilidad natural.
f-_289eSBtM-00553-00117566-00117850 Que algunas personas tienen y otras personas no, o el espectro.
f-_289eSBtM-00554-00117850-00118158 La mayoría de los laboratorios fuera del gobierno,
f-_289eSBtM-00555-00118162-00118268 Acabo de tomar voluntarios.
f-_289eSBtM-00556-00118268-00118625 Y esas personas parecen poder hacerlo hasta cierto punto,
f-_289eSBtM-00557-00118625-00118898 No tanto como personas como Joe McMoneagle.
f-_289eSBtM-00558-00118901-00119143 Pero otro área interesante de la investigación ha sido
f-_289eSBtM-00559-00119143-00119294 Para comparar personas que creen
f-_289eSBtM-00560-00119294-00119396 Y las personas que no creemos que sea posible.
f-_289eSBtM-00561-00119396-00119596 Y se llama el efecto de la cabra de oveja.
f-_289eSBtM-00562-00119596-00119828 Los estudios han demostrado que las personas que creen,
f-_289eSBtM-00563-00119830-00120000 Tienden a hacerlo mejor que el azar.
f-_289eSBtM-00564-00120000-00120301 Y las personas que no creen, no solo hacen posibilidad;
f-_289eSBtM-00565-00120301-00120414 Hacen peor que el azar.
f-_289eSBtM-00566-00120414-00120561 Entonces, es como si estuvieran usando sus habilidades psíquicas.
f-_289eSBtM-00567-00120567-00120805 Sabotear sus resultados.
f-_289eSBtM-00568-00120805-00121061 Creo: encuentro que un área de investigación realmente fascinante.
f-_289eSBtM-00569-00121061-00121345 Pero en general, creo que se distribuye como una habilidad.
f-_289eSBtM-00570-00121345-00121486 Entonces, algunos tienen mucho; Algunos tienen un poco.
f-_289eSBtM-00571-00121550-00122044 >> Está bien. Y así, en el caso de que uno se identifique como,
f-_289eSBtM-00572-00122047-00122383 Ya sabes, un talentoso visor remoto.
f-_289eSBtM-00573-00122387-00122587 Y tiene alguna habilidad artística.
f-_289eSBtM-00574-00122593-00122809 Ahora, hablamos de Ingo Swann, siendo un artista de Nueva York.
f-_289eSBtM-00575-00122809-00123009 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00576-00123009-00123069 >> Él tenía capacidad de dibujo.
f-_289eSBtM-00577-00123069-00123126 >> Sí.
f-_289eSBtM-00578-00123126-00123298 >> Joe McMoneagle, el otro caballero que hablaste
f-_289eSBtM-00579-00123301-00123550 Sobre quién estaba haciendo el programa de televisión que vino
f-_289eSBtM-00580-00123550-00123600 Con las respuestas la noche anterior -
f-_289eSBtM-00581-00123600-00123650 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00582-00123650-00123808 >> - o las imágenes la noche anterior,
f-_289eSBtM-00583-00123865-00124086 Entonces, tener esa capacidad de dibujar es útil.
f-_289eSBtM-00584-00124086-00124688 Porque ayuda a que las imágenes más claras.
f-_289eSBtM-00585-00124690-00124740 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00586-00124740-00124835 >> - para fines de juzgimiento.
f-_289eSBtM-00587-00124835-00125035 Porque todas estas imágenes son juzgadas.
f-_289eSBtM-00588-00125035-00125298 Para determinar si son precisos o no.
f-_289eSBtM-00589-00125302-00125765 Pero si alguien tiene una capacidad artística y creativa.
f-_289eSBtM-00590-00125795-00126159 Y también tiene una imaginación vívida, es posible.
f-_289eSBtM-00591-00126172-00126578 Que esa imaginación y esa creatividad pueden obtener realmente
f-_289eSBtM-00592-00126578-00126712 ¿En la forma de recibir esa imagen pura?
f-_289eSBtM-00593-00126747-00126999 >> Sí, de hecho, en cualquier momento tienes ruido mental,
f-_289eSBtM-00594-00126999-00127157 SE PONE EN EL CAMINO.
f-_289eSBtM-00595-00127169-00127369 Entonces, en los experimentos solíamos hacer,
f-_289eSBtM-00596-00127372-00127519 Tuvimos algo llamado superposición analítica.
f-_289eSBtM-00597-00127533-00127695 Si alguien se está haciendo demasiado analítico,
f-_289eSBtM-00598-00127695-00127895 Entonces es probable que esté equivocado.
f-_289eSBtM-00599-00127895-00128294 Entonces, digamos que están viendo una aguja afilada de metal y dicen,
f-_289eSBtM-00600-00128294-00128400 "Oh, es el Empire State Building".
f-_289eSBtM-00601-00128400-00128533 Eso probablemente está mal.
f-_289eSBtM-00602-00128533-00128733 La aguja afilada de metal es probablemente correcta.
f-_289eSBtM-00603-00128749-00129141 Entonces, las sensaciones y la única clase de cosas generales.
f-_289eSBtM-00604-00129185-00129409 Que estás recibiendo así es mucho mejor que intentar
f-_289eSBtM-00605-00129409-00129487 Para ponerlos todos juntos y venir
f-_289eSBtM-00606-00129487-00129687 Con un análisis analítico de lo que estás viendo.
f-_289eSBtM-00607-00129765-00129985 >> Entonces, ¿si puedo dibujar, ese es un paso por delante?
f-_289eSBtM-00608-00129985-00130056 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00609-00130056-00130256 >> Pero tengo que tener la disciplina.
f-_289eSBtM-00610-00130256-00130543 No dejar que mi mente se interponga en el camino de lo que estoy recibiendo
f-_289eSBtM-00611-00130543-00130593 >>  Eso es Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00612-00130593-00130656 EXACTAMENTE.
f-_289eSBtM-00613-00130714-00130991 >> Está bien. Y han hecho encuestas de personas.
f-_289eSBtM-00614-00131007-00131309 En 2001, Gallup hizo una encuesta del público en general.
f-_289eSBtM-00615-00131343-00131729 Y identificaron dentro de ese sondeo que más de la mitad
f-_289eSBtM-00616-00131735-00131982 De las personas encuestadas dijeron que tenían alguna experiencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00617-00131982-00132112 Con fenómeno psíquico.
f-_289eSBtM-00618-00132124-00132401 Curiosamente, profesores universitarios
f-_289eSBtM-00619-00132427-00132911 Y las personas educadas por la universidad informaron que dos tercios habían tenido algunos
f-_289eSBtM-00620-00132911-00133038 Tipo de experiencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00621-00133041-00133384 Y así, si esto es tan común,
f-_289eSBtM-00622-00133392-00133767 ¿Por qué no ha sido más aceptado?
f-_289eSBtM-00623-00133786-00133982 ¿En la sociedad como un verdadero fenómeno?
f-_289eSBtM-00624-00133982-00134182 >> Esa es una muy buena pregunta.
f-_289eSBtM-00625-00134182-00134347 Y me encantaría tener la respuesta a eso.
f-_289eSBtM-00626-00134347-00134607 Creo que ha sido aceptado por, como usted dijo.
f-_289eSBtM-00627-00134619-00134875 Me refiero a una gran proporción de personas que reclaman
f-_289eSBtM-00628-00134875-00134964 Haber tenido experiencias.
f-_289eSBtM-00629-00134968-00135042 Y creo que incluso una mayor proporción de proporción
f-_289eSBtM-00630-00135042-00135291 Creer que es posible.
f-_289eSBtM-00631-00135291-00135733 Y así, creo que lo que se hace en el camino, un grupo muy pequeño.
f-_289eSBtM-00632-00135758-00136038 De debkers que tienen un estatus científico.
f-_289eSBtM-00633-00136038-00136399 Y para mí, están haciendo un gran daño a la sociedad.
f-_289eSBtM-00634-00136415-00136569 Haciendo que no sea aceptable para las personas.
f-_289eSBtM-00635-00136594-00136818 Hacer investigaciones académicas en esta área.
f-_289eSBtM-00636-00136831-00136978 Porque realmente creo que hay algo allí.
f-_289eSBtM-00637-00136978-00137122 Y tenemos que averiguar qué es
f-_289eSBtM-00638-00137128-00137328 >> Vamos a hablar en su propio caso.
f-_289eSBtM-00639-00137328-00137570 Cuando fuiste a trabajar en Stanford Research Institute
f-_289eSBtM-00640-00137570-00137955 Y estabas en el aspecto de análisis de investigación
f-_289eSBtM-00641-00138038-00138185 De esto, ¿fuiste escéptico?
f-_289eSBtM-00642-00138185-00138350 ¿Tuviste algún escepticismo?
f-_289eSBtM-00643-00138350-00138637 Y, de nuevo, hablamos de escepticismo como sano.
f-_289eSBtM-00644-00138637-00139020 No es una cosa tan mala ser escéptica acerca de ciertas cosas.
f-_289eSBtM-00645-00139020-00139070 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00646-00139070-00139428 >> Entonces, ¿cómo evolucionó su proceso de pensamiento con el tiempo?
f-_289eSBtM-00647-00139431-00139631 >> Tomé escepticismo.
f-_289eSBtM-00648-00139631-00139971 Y creo que lo que me convenció era solo la evidencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00649-00140012-00140254 La evidencia acumulada mientras trabajaba en este campo y tengo
f-_289eSBtM-00650-00140263-00140400 Para ver más y más la evidencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00651-00140401-00140727 Visité los laboratorios incluso más allá de donde estaba trabajando.
f-_289eSBtM-00652-00140735-00140858 Para ver lo que estaban haciendo.
f-_289eSBtM-00653-00140874-00141074 Y pude ver que tenían controles realmente estrechos.
f-_289eSBtM-00654-00141074-00141274 Habían traído a los magos a ver si pudieran engañar.
f-_289eSBtM-00655-00141296-00141496 Y cerró todas las lagunas.
f-_289eSBtM-00656-00141496-00141794 Y así, me convencí de la buena ciencia.
f-_289eSBtM-00657-00141795-00141894 Que vi haber hecho.
f-_289eSBtM-00658-00141894-00142094 Y de hecho, diré como un estadístico,
f-_289eSBtM-00659-00142104-00142304 He consultado muchas áreas diferentes de la ciencia;
f-_289eSBtM-00660-00142304-00142504 La metodología y los controles.
f-_289eSBtM-00661-00142505-00142779 En estos experimentos es mucho más reducido que cualquier otra área
f-_289eSBtM-00662-00142779-00142926 CIENCIAS DE DONDE los que he trabajado.
f-_289eSBtM-00663-00143110-00143378 >> Cuando hablamos ACERCA DE EJEMPLOS DE visualización remota;
f-_289eSBtM-00664-00143378-00143578 Hemos utilizado los ejemplos de los submarinos,
f-_289eSBtM-00665-00143578-00143712 Hemos utilizado LOS EJEMPLOS
f-_289eSBtM-00666-00143712-00144017 De encontrar la derribados AIRCRAFT en África.
f-_289eSBtM-00667-00144097-00144168 Usted ha escuchado, estoy seguro, cierto número de otras historias.
f-_289eSBtM-00668-00144168-00144368 >> Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00669-00144396-00144596 >> ¿Hay un lugar para la gente puede encontrar
f-_289eSBtM-00670-00144600-00144758 Sobre estos AMAZING STORIES
f-_289eSBtM-00671-00144758-00144909 Que son validados científicamente?
f-_289eSBtM-00672-00144950-00145101 >> Hay lugares VARIOS.
f-_289eSBtM-00673-00145106-00145306 SO, Edwin C. May, de un físico.
f-_289eSBtM-00674-00145306-00145506 Es la persona que se hizo cargo PROGRAMA
f-_289eSBtM-00675-00145515-00145715 DESPUÉS DE HAL y Russ dejado.
f-_289eSBtM-00676-00145715-00146013 Él es sólo escrito un par de libros sobre la historia
f-_289eSBtM-00677-00146031-00146231 DE ESTA - ¿Cómo se llama la puerta estelar programa a la hora.
f-_289eSBtM-00678-00146231-00146501 Así pues, si miras hacia arriba EDWIN C. MAY DE AMAZON, encontrará sus libros.
f-_289eSBtM-00679-00146512-00146632 ESO ES REALMENTE BUENO.
f-_289eSBtM-00680-00146632-00146832 SI simplemente desea más evidencia anecdótica
f-_289eSBtM-00681-00146832-00147098 E historias muy convincente, hay un libro
f-_289eSBtM-00682-00147098-00147386 Por el médico llamado Larry Dossey D-O-S-S-E-Y LLAMADA LA POTENCIA
f-_289eSBtM-00683-00147386-00147512 DE premoniciones.
f-_289eSBtM-00684-00147512-00147712 Y tiene HISTORIAS ALGUNAS muy convincente 
f-_289eSBtM-00685-00147712-00147912 Y algunas pruebas de lo científico.
f-_289eSBtM-00686-00147912-00148053 Entonces, eso es lo que me gusta de su libro
f-_289eSBtM-00687-00148053-00148162 Porque combina los dos.
f-_289eSBtM-00688-00148249-00148515 >> Como usted ha trabajado con colegas académicos
f-_289eSBtM-00689-00148515-00148715 Con los años y lo hacemos ESCÉPTICOS encontrar entre académicos,
f-_289eSBtM-00690-00148715-00149220 ¿HA sido recibida con el nivel apropiado
f-_289eSBtM-00691-00149297-00149553 DE ACEPTACIÓN profesional porque de este trabajo?
f-_289eSBtM-00692-00149553-00149702 Porque, ya sabes, una gran cantidad
f-_289eSBtM-00693-00149702-00149818 DE gente piensa este trabajo es un poco en el borde.
f-_289eSBtM-00694-00149818-00149868 >>Correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00695-00149878-00150141 >> O ¿Todavía hay algunos académicos que necesitan LLEGAR
f-_289eSBtM-00696-00150168-00150368 Con el programa en esta área?
f-_289eSBtM-00697-00150368-00150494 >> Todavía no DEFINITIVAMENTE ACADÉMICOS QUE NECESITA
f-_289eSBtM-00698-00150494-00150600 A conseguir con el programa.
f-_289eSBtM-00699-00150600-00150716 Pero desde mi propia experiencia personal como estadístico,
f-_289eSBtM-00700-00150720-00151080 Tengo que decir que los estadísticos son realmente maravillosos
f-_289eSBtM-00701-00151113-00151425 Comunidad agradable: no tienden a hablar mal de uno al otro.
f-_289eSBtM-00702-00151447-00151630 Por lo tanto, que el hecho de que sólo ha estado buscando
f-_289eSBtM-00703-00151630-00151865 ESTADÍSTICA EN LA PRUEBA ES MEJOR
f-_289eSBtM-00704-00151896-00152145 Que si lo estaban haciendo experimentos en los TÉRMINOS
f-_289eSBtM-00705-00152145-00152261 De las actitudes de mis colegas.
f-_289eSBtM-00706-00152261-00152487 Así que, creo, ya sabes, como estadístico,
f-_289eSBtM-00707-00152487-00152687 Es aceptable mirar los datos.
f-_289eSBtM-00708-00152701-00152933 Eso es lo que hacemos, y así no he tenido mucho como dificultad
f-_289eSBtM-00709-00152933-00153133 Como lo haría, Creo que si estuviera tratando un psicólogo
f-_289eSBtM-00710-00153133-00153256 Para cumplir con mi propios experimentos.
f-_289eSBtM-00711-00153256-00153456 >> Y sé que usted ha dicho que es el momento
f-_289eSBtM-00712-00153456-00153680 Para detener el EXPERIMENTOS O LA PRUEBA
f-_289eSBtM-00713-00153680-00153895 A determinar si es válido o no.
f-_289eSBtM-00714-00153895-00153955 >> Eso es correcto.
f-_289eSBtM-00715-00153955-00154130 >> Hemos estado allí; Hemos hecho eso.
f-_289eSBtM-00716-00154130-00154180 >> Así es.
f-_289eSBtM-00717-00154180-00154380 >> Tenemos que ir adelante con esta investigación.
f-_289eSBtM-00718-00154393-00154705 Y usted habló de que a principio de este programa
f-_289eSBtM-00719-00154705-00154916 Pero donde se piensa que esto debería ir INVESTIGACIÓN
f-_289eSBtM-00720-00154916-00155116 Y ¿cómo se debe atacó?
f-_289eSBtM-00721-00155130-00155281 >> CREO, tienes razón.
f-_289eSBtM-00722-00155290-00155490 La prueba está ahí, y ahora tenemos
f-_289eSBtM-00723-00155490-00155690 De averiguar lo que está pasando.
f-_289eSBtM-00724-00155690-00155890 Y SO, hablamos Proceso ORIENTADA ACERCA
f-_289eSBtM-00725-00155890-00156115 FRENTE A LA INVESTIGACIÓN orientado al proceso.
f-_289eSBtM-00726-00156115-00156315 Realmente necesitamos para centrarse en la investigación orientada al proceso.
f-_289eSBtM-00727-00156321-00156640 Creo que lo que tenemos necesidad ES UN EQUIPO MULTIDISCIPLINAR.
f-_289eSBtM-00728-00156658-00156858 Nosotros necesitan fondos FUERTE de alguna fuente
f-_289eSBtM-00729-00156858-00157163 Y realmente creo que el gobierno debe financiarlo.
f-_289eSBtM-00730-00157198-00157398 Están gastando BILLIONS EN LA INVESTIGACIÓN MÉDICA.
f-_289eSBtM-00731-00157419-00157658 Si fueran sólo para pasar un par de millones en esto,
f-_289eSBtM-00732-00157677-00157877 Creo que podemos hacer algunos progresos.
f-_289eSBtM-00733-00157877-00158185 Pero realmente necesitamos físicos, psicólogos, tal vez, usted sabe,
f-_289eSBtM-00734-00158195-00158376 Un COGNITIVO EXPERTO, estadísticos para reunirse
f-_289eSBtM-00735-00158376-00158543 Y tratar de ver si podemos averiguar.
f-_289eSBtM-00736-00158543-00158943 Ya sabes, pon algo de teorías y luego tratar de ponerlos a prueba,
f-_289eSBtM-00737-00158943-00159143 Y ver si podemos averiguar lo que está pasando.
f-_289eSBtM-00738-00159143-00159514 Sea lo que sea, yo creo que va a revolucionar el mundo
f-_289eSBtM-00739-00159514-00159714 EN VARIAS FORMAS porque hay algo allí
f-_289eSBtM-00740-00159729-00159929 QUE NO ENTENDEMOS.
f-_289eSBtM-00741-00159929-00160200 Y podría cambiar realmente todo tipo de cosas en el mundo.
f-_289eSBtM-00742-00160200-00160400 >> Y por qué no perseguimos UN ESPACIO
f-_289eSBtM-00743-00160400-00160600 Del potencial humano que está fuera allí para nosotros para mirar en?
f-_289eSBtM-00744-00160600-00160737 >> Derecho. DERECHA.
f-_289eSBtM-00745-00160737-00160937 >> Bueno, quiero darle las gracias por estar hoy aquí.
f-_289eSBtM-00746-00160937-00161039 Esta ha sido una fascinante entrevista.
f-_289eSBtM-00747-00161040-00161090 >> Gracias.
f-_289eSBtM-00748-00161090-00161213 HA SIDO DIVERTIDO.
fEoPB8GZXLu-00000-00001103-00001400 Hello Everyone!
fEoPB8GZXLu-00001-00001400-00001570 Today I Will continue some girls frontline gamplay
fEoPB8GZXLu-00002-00001570-00004065 Because you know, i just too bored make some EXE moment
fEoPB8GZXLu-00003-00004065-00006560 Maybe after this one, i will continue my some EXE Girls Frontline
fEoPB8GZXLu-00005-00012216-00013276 Dont Forget to Subscribe my Channel
fEMxiu_n0Rc-00000-00000011-00000275 The trophy of Varsovian revolters.
fEMxiu_n0Rc-00001-00000311-00000617 Captured by the soldiers  of the “Zośka” battalion.
fEMxiu_n0Rc-00002-00000617-00001099 Officially named after the nickname  of Tadeusz Tyczyński—the Pudel.
fEMxiu_n0Rc-00003-00001115-00001327 Its crew called it “Magda."
fEMxiu_n0Rc-00004-00001422-00001622 Fought in the streets of Warsaw.
fEMxiu_n0Rc-00005-00001817-00002183 Liberated the prisoners  of the Gęsiówka concentration camp.
fEMxiu_n0Rc-00006-00002465-00002840 Accepted its last fight  covering the retreat of revolters.
fEMxiu_n0Rc-00007-00002916-00003287 The first Polish tank  in World of Tanks.
fJaWEENPblQ-00000-00000680-00001192 My name is Robyn Wilson, I'm a Behavioral Decision Scientist and I'm a Professor in the
fJaWEENPblQ-00001-00001192-00002120 School of Environment and Natural Resources. I grew up on a farm in Northwest Ohio and
fJaWEENPblQ-00002-00002120-00002464 um grew up like doing 4-H and raising animals, and it's one of the things I
fJaWEENPblQ-00003-00002464-00002984 miss the most about living in a city now, is that I cannot have a menagerie in my backyard.
fJaWEENPblQ-00004-00003384-00003800 Actually this one's pretty easy to answer, because I have very distinct memories of a trip
fJaWEENPblQ-00005-00003800-00004384 my parents took us on when I was probably late elementary maybe early middle school,
fJaWEENPblQ-00006-00004448-00004808 and we went on a big two week road trip and we visited Acadia National Park.
fJaWEENPblQ-00007-00004904-00005424 And I just remember being awed by the landscapes, just like in love
fJaWEENPblQ-00008-00005424-00005936 with that entire experience. I still have my little like junior naturalist book that I got
fJaWEENPblQ-00009-00005936-00006512 on that trip, um, and I can still go back to that moment as a moment where, in addition to my love
fJaWEENPblQ-00010-00006512-00007048 of wildlife and animals and other things, but that was a moment that really probably started
fJaWEENPblQ-00011-00007048-00007440 my path towards wanting to work in kind of nature and environmental sorts of spaces.
fJaWEENPblQ-00012-00007759-00008296 So right now most of my projects are focused on climate adaptation. So I do a lot of
fJaWEENPblQ-00013-00008296-00008824 work looking at how individuals are managing climate exacerbated hazards, so that could be
fJaWEENPblQ-00014-00008904-00009608 how forest managers out west are dealing kind of proactively or reactively with wildfire issues.
fJaWEENPblQ-00015-00009696-00010208 Here in the midwest my work in that space usually focuses on agricultural conservation
fJaWEENPblQ-00016-00010208-00010648 and how we deal with too much water, which is becoming an increasing concern here,
fJaWEENPblQ-00017-00010648-00011032 um ,not to mention the downstream impacts of that on water quality, so
fJaWEENPblQ-00018-00011032-00011400 yeah. Typically I'm just thinking about like how are we managing those risks and those
fJaWEENPblQ-00019-00011400-00011864 uncertainties in response to events that are getting more frequent and more severe.
fJaWEENPblQ-00020-00012280-00012720 One of the things that I really enjoy doing and want to do more of moving into the future
fJaWEENPblQ-00021-00012720-00013080 is science policy work. So part of why I'm in the School of Environment and Natural
fJaWEENPblQ-00022-00013080-00013496 Resources versus perhaps in a Psychology Department, or even a Communication Department,
fJaWEENPblQ-00023-00013560-00013991 is that I'm really interested in science translation and making sure that the work I do
fJaWEENPblQ-00024-00013991-00014488 is being used by managers and policy makers and folks out doing outreach and engagement.
fJaWEENPblQ-00025-00014856-00015488 I have two very vivid memories of teachers/scientists, science teachers,
fJaWEENPblQ-00026-00015488-00015784 whose enthusiasm for science was just like
fJaWEENPblQ-00027-00015863-00016488 hard to ignore. One was my high school chemistry and physics teacher, who I can remember running
fJaWEENPblQ-00028-00016488-00017072 and jumping across lab tables as he taught physics because he was just so like enthused by the topic,
fJaWEENPblQ-00029-00017072-00017472 and then actually a professor at Ohio State in Geography, who's now at Wisconsin.
fJaWEENPblQ-00030-00017880-00018296 I think we under-appreciate the importance of Social Science and how we think about
fJaWEENPblQ-00031-00018296-00018720 and solve environmental problems, and often we feel like we're there representing that,
fJaWEENPblQ-00032-00018720-00019088 you know, the one token person who can tell you all the things about the human system,
fJaWEENPblQ-00033-00019232-00019640 and so that, I think, has been one of the biggest challenges is trying to do justice to that when
fJaWEENPblQ-00034-00019640-00020120 you know your bit of knowledge is just one small piece of it, and then trying to build more
fJaWEENPblQ-00035-00020120-00021184 appreciation and respect for what social science can bring to those conversations.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00000-00000830-00001125 9 MOST BIZARRE CREATURES IN THE WORLD.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00001-00001125-00001766 Nature contains unparalleled power. All his actions are
fpYRsyJYFOU-00002-00001766-00002469 calculated to the millimeter and have disastrous results, sometimes magnificent, as are these 9
fpYRsyJYFOU-00003-00002469-00002569 curious animals:
fpYRsyJYFOU-00004-00002569-00003096 1. Pig-snouted turtle. Its scientific name is Carettochelys insculpta
fpYRsyJYFOU-00005-00003096-00003871 These turtles inhabit rivers, lakes and ponds in restricted regions of Oceania.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00006-00003871-00004652 They weigh an average of 22 kg, and an adult individual can reach half a meter in length. Unlike
fpYRsyJYFOU-00007-00004652-00005221 other turtle species, Carettochelys insculpta does not have a bony plate on its
fpYRsyJYFOU-00008-00005221-00005393 body.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00009-00005393-00005754 2. Axolotl. Scientific name, Ambystoma mexicanum. It lives in lakes near Mexico City.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00010-00005754-00006255 It is a species of aquatic salamander and became known worldwide for its
fpYRsyJYFOU-00011-00006255-00007029 docile and good-natured face. This amphibian measures around 20 cm and is the main predator
fpYRsyJYFOU-00012-00007029-00007659 in its habitat, feeding on fish and molluscs. It differs from other
fpYRsyJYFOU-00013-00007659-00008361 salamander species by maintaining, in its adult phase, the feathery external gills, characteristic
fpYRsyJYFOU-00014-00008361-00008518 of the larval phase.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00015-00008518-00009165 3. Naked Mole Rat. Its scientific name is Heterocephalus glaber, and it lives in Kenya,
fpYRsyJYFOU-00016-00009165-00009927 Somalia and Ethiopia. The naked mole rat is a small animal: it measures between 14 and 16 cm.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00017-00009927-00010668 What makes him "special" is his "bare" (almost hairless), wrinkled and often pink skin.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00018-00010668-00011368 It spends most of its life in tunnels up to 2 meters deep, where it lives
fpYRsyJYFOU-00019-00011368-00011917 in colonies. Its protruding incisor teeth serve for digging.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00020-00011917-00012417 4. Red-mouthed batfish. Ogcocephalus darwini is its scientific name, and the species
fpYRsyJYFOU-00021-00012417-00013097 lives in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). The red-mouthed batfish is unique to the Galapagos Islands in the
fpYRsyJYFOU-00022-00013097-00013820 Pacific Ocean and can be found on the seabed at depths ranging from 3 to 76 meters.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00023-00013820-00014400 Elee is not a good swimmer, in fact, his fins serve more as "paws" with
fpYRsyJYFOU-00024-00014400-00014736 which these fish "walk" on the sea floor.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00025-00014736-00015304 5. Dugong. Its scientific name is Dugong dugon and it is widely found between
fpYRsyJYFOU-00026-00015304-00016001 the coast of East Africa and Oceania. Dugongs are marine mammals related
fpYRsyJYFOU-00027-00016001-00016668 to the manatee. They are shallow water animals, normally found up to a maximum
fpYRsyJYFOU-00028-00016668-00017685 of 10 meters deep. They are large and heavy, measuring up to
fpYRsyJYFOU-00029-00017685-00018400 4 meters and weighing 400 kg. It draws attention for its large snout, with which it
fpYRsyJYFOU-00030-00018400-00018581 feeds on seagrass.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00031-00018581-00019218 6.Glass frog. Vitreorana uranoscopa is its scientific name and is found in
fpYRsyJYFOU-00032-00019218-00019811 South American countries such as southern Brazil, Argentina, and possibly southeastern
fpYRsyJYFOU-00033-00019811-00020545 Paraguay. Glass frogs are small: they measure between 19 and 24 millimeters and weigh from
fpYRsyJYFOU-00034-00020545-00021254 70 to 80 grams. What is most striking about the species is that in some individuals,
fpYRsyJYFOU-00035-00021254-00021658 the belly is so transparent that their internal organs can be seen.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00036-00021658-00022458 7. Clown Praying Praying Shrimp. Scientific name, Odontodactylus scyllarus, lives in the Pacific Ocean,
fpYRsyJYFOU-00037-00022458-00022970 mainly in Asia and Oceania. This species of crustacean attracts attention not
fpYRsyJYFOU-00038-00022970-00023804 only for its exuberant coloration, but also for its posture reminiscent of the praying mantis.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00039-00023804-00024386 These animals are active predators: they use their "paws" (raptorial appendages)
fpYRsyJYFOU-00040-00024386-00024851 to kill and capture their prey.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00041-00024851-00025301 8. Silkworm. Its scientific name is Bombyx mori, and it is native to China, although
fpYRsyJYFOU-00042-00025301-00025892 it no longer exists in nature. The silkworm is an insect used for about five
fpYRsyJYFOU-00043-00025892-00026472 thousand years in sericulture (silk production). Silk is produced from the fibrous fluid
fpYRsyJYFOU-00044-00026472-00027161 expelled by the caterpillar's salivary glands. Due to sericulture, these insects
fpYRsyJYFOU-00045-00027161-00027702 are now completely domesticated and can no longer be found in nature.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00046-00027702-00028337 9. Goblin Shark. Mitsukurina owstoni is its scientific name and it lives in different parts
fpYRsyJYFOU-00047-00028337-00029081 of the world, but mainly in Japan. Certainly one of the strangest animals in existence,
fpYRsyJYFOU-00048-00029081-00029872 it lives in medium and deep waters, and can occur at more than a thousand meters of depth.
fpYRsyJYFOU-00049-00029872-00030591 This frightening appearance that the goblin shark has is due to its protruding jaw,
fpYRsyJYFOU-00050-00030591-00031280 which is connected to the skull only by cartilage. This jaw moves forward
fpYRsyJYFOU-00051-00031280-00031479 when the shark pounces.
fS1rHtXQnvo-00000-00000000-00000200 Time Difference in Open Office
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00000-00000344-00000736 hi there my name is clara and i'm here to talk to you about functional programming
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00001-00000736-00001352 and parallelization and spatial point pattern analysis so my project is on the geospatial
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00002-00001352-00001984 analysis of airbnb in singapore and the data is taken from inside airbnb um from september 2020.
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00003-00002104-00002688 um so for this project i'm trying to determine if airbnb listings are clustered in singapore
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00004-00002688-00003256 and where they occur using whitley's k-function test and we use it to split by room type and the
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00005-00003256-00003711 region type um those are the packages that we use and i want to really talk a little
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00006-00003711-00004480 bit more about how we parallelize the um the k test for faster for larger data sets
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00007-00004560-00005208 so how does the k test work spat stack provides the function ks to compute an unbiased estimate
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00008-00005208-00005808 of kt and then basically it runs a series of monte carlo simulations using the envelope
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00009-00005808-00006495 function and compares it to the theoretical value now if they are completely spatially random
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00010-00006608-00007288 meaning there's no relation to each other um it will fall within the envelope values um of course
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00011-00007288-00007808 we reject that null hypothesis when the simulated values fall higher than the upper bounds of the
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00012-00007808-00008352 theoretical values and that means that they're clustered or if they're competitive processes this
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00013-00008352-00008808 stimulated values will fall lower than the lower bound of the theoretical the theoretical values
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00014-00008808-00009368 and this is what it looks like right so in those two graphs that are shown this shows signs of
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00015-00009368-00010104 clustering and for the graph on the bottom right it shows complete spatial randomness because the
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00016-00010104-00011008 the obs uh the simulated values are within the envelope now issues are it starts being
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00017-00011008-00011552 computationally intensive for large data sets or data with non-uniform observation windows
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00018-00011664-00012136 additionally there's no inbuilt parallelization methods in spat stat that means you've got to
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00019-00012136-00012760 use your own way of parallelization and it's also dependent on os functions such as mac apply from
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00020-00012760-00013488 the base parallel package works for mac and linux but not for windows so what we did was obviously
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00021-00013488-00014096 split the analysis to make it less computationally intensive and also create functions that benefit
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00022-00014096-00014504 from functional programming such as an envelope function and the plotting function
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00023-00014680-00015128 so i wanted to go deeper into the parallelization because i realized that there were not many
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00024-00015224-00015863 assets or things around this area and what we do in this case is to paralyze the monte carlo
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00025-00015863-00016240 simulations fitting the number of simulations between a different course and then combining
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00026-00016240-00016728 the results back together so first of all we set up the clusters the code here below um
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00027-00016728-00017200 shows you how that is done this is obviously calling all the libraries of do parallel and
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00028-00017200-00017944 um for each and next we need to set up and distribute objects to each of those clusters um
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00029-00017944-00018384 so that they can read and obviously run the functions on those clusters
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00030-00018528-00019280 we use a 100 simulations exporting a store of ppp objects um the number of clusters and number
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00031-00019280-00019704 of simulations required and then of course obviously passing spats that entirely burst
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00032-00019768-00020464 to the different six different clusters the three are only shown here and what then we need to do
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00033-00020464-00020984 is to set up the helper functions um for the parallelization so first we need a function to
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00034-00020984-00021624 replicate the ppp object for each core in use and that's this one here and the next one is to look
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00035-00021624-00022264 at running an envelope simulation for one ppp object and this results in a list of envelopes
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00036-00022264-00022992 so basically it's saying we're going to replicate the ppp object across all the clusters
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00037-00022992-00023648 and for each of these objects in the clusters do in parallel and we set the seed so that we
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00038-00023648-00024328 can replicate this run the envelope function for each of those things using spat stats ks function
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00039-00024424-00024832 how many simulations which is the number of simulations divided by number of clusters
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00040-00024888-00025344 rounded up to the nearest number and then of course we make sure that we are able to save
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00041-00025344-00025983 it into envelope functions and then finally it's a function to pull the envelopes simulation results
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00042-00025983-00026752 into one envelope and we use this by calling do call pool of um of the function x and we put them
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00043-00026752-00027568 all together into one um main function which if we just parse through the ppp object with the region
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00044-00027568-00028127 uh name and a different split by different room types it will be able to do that um
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00045-00028127-00028768 for all of them so once we're done obviously run the function and then stop the clusters
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00046-00028832-00029480 once you're completely done with that what's happened is that we find that parallelization is
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00047-00029480-00030152 four times faster than running obviously the com the simulations in serial serially
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00048-00030232-00030552 we use micro benchmark and run the simulation 10 times for each
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00049-00030632-00031216 different region and expression and we find and these are the results that you can see here
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00050-00031416-00032432 um an alternative for the k test is to use k test fft function and this is um basically an
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00051-00032432-00033016 alternative function that analyzes large pattern of points it discretizes the point pattern onto
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00052-00033016-00033552 a rectangular raster and applies fast fourier transform techniques to estimate the k function
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00053-00033552-00034080 in essence it kind of does things in parallel by splitting them pairwise and then aggregating them
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00054-00034080-00034640 again of course this only applies to the key function test so hopefully the last few slides
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00055-00034640-00035152 were not a complete waste of your time um and if you needed to run it on different other functions
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00056-00035152-00035848 that's kind of what you would need to do in terms of how you would run the parallelization so
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00057-00035904-00036424 this chart just shows the difference between running the phosphorie transform and a normal
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00058-00036528-00036968 k test on the central private central region private rooms
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00059-00037248-00037784 so the main takeaways from here are one learn parallelization so you can apply it to your
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00060-00037784-00038448 problems and then make your computation a lot faster um two um i guess learn how to set up a
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00061-00038448-00038936 vm with better hardware specs and that's what i had to do and for the second half of my project
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00062-00038936-00039496 on geogra geographically weighted regression um and three rtfm there might actually be a
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00063-00039496-00039992 function written specifically for your problem um you don't know till you've gone through it so
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00064-00040048-00040496 that's basically it thank you very much and if you want to see the code for some
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00065-00040496-00041000 of those things you can b you can find that in the rpobs or go to the project page where
fSoJrjAJrtQ-00066-00041000-00042336 i've put most of the data wrangling and all the other parts of my project in there thank you you
fStFl_JQRV8-00000-00000082-00000863 It's okay. Yeah, it'll grow back.
fStFl_JQRV8-00001-00000594-00002699 No, we're talking about breaking up and
fStFl_JQRV8-00002-00000863-00002699 ways to be happy. ♫ Hold me now, It's har for me to say I'm sorry ♪♫
fStFl_JQRV8-00003-00002734-00003371 That's like... That sounded like the beegees
fStFl_JQRV8-00004-00003101-00003655 Yeah. But it wasn't. It was... Who we
fStFl_JQRV8-00005-00003371-00003655 sing in there? That's Chicago.
fStFl_JQRV8-00006-00003746-00004302 ♫♪I really want to tell you I'm sorry♫♪
fStFl_JQRV8-00007-00004134-00004457 Right. Now, why would we sing that song?
fStFl_JQRV8-00008-00004302-00005282 Because the song that I was thinking of
fStFl_JQRV8-00009-00004457-00005523 is, ♫♪That breaking up is hard to do♪♫ That's some harmony right there. You
fStFl_JQRV8-00010-00005282-00005844 know where. You know from the depths of
fStFl_JQRV8-00011-00005523-00006366 your gut. Your vibrato. Interestingly enough.
fStFl_JQRV8-00012-00005844-00006627 one of ways to be happy is to break up. Yeah. To
fStFl_JQRV8-00013-00006366-00006995 be unhappy. Yeah. Sometimes you got to be
fStFl_JQRV8-00014-00006627-00007353 truly just depths of depression, sadness,
fStFl_JQRV8-00015-00006995-00007677 awful, unhappy to be happy. Because you
fStFl_JQRV8-00016-00007353-00007818 know the opposition comes into play. You
fStFl_JQRV8-00017-00007677-00008013 know, you don't really know happiness
fStFl_JQRV8-00018-00007818-00008235 until you know utter unhappiness. Now, no.
fStFl_JQRV8-00019-00008013-00008409 We're not saying that you should just go
fStFl_JQRV8-00020-00008235-00008877 look for really unhappy things in your
fStFl_JQRV8-00021-00008409-00009042 life, so you'll happy. Don't go out and jump off a cliff. And then you'll know what it's like the pain and unhappiness.
fStFl_JQRV8-00022-00008877-00009168 We're talking about, by the way, we're up
fStFl_JQRV8-00023-00009042-00009321 here of course because it's beautiful.
fStFl_JQRV8-00024-00009168-00009624 We're out in nature and it would be a
fStFl_JQRV8-00025-00009321-00009882 great place to come. And perhaps have the
fStFl_JQRV8-00026-00009624-00010157 break-up conversation. Maybe it wouldn't
fStFl_JQRV8-00027-00009882-00010404 be. I don't know how high we are above
fStFl_JQRV8-00028-00010157-00010736 the Salt Lake Valley right now. But a few
fStFl_JQRV8-00029-00010404-00011050 thousand feet, maybe. And you wouldn't
fStFl_JQRV8-00030-00010736-00011247 want to send anyone off a cliff. No. But
fStFl_JQRV8-00031-00011050-00011529 Yeah. Just diversity.
fStFl_JQRV8-00032-00011247-00011804 See, there's a really cute little bench
fStFl_JQRV8-00033-00011529-00012065 over there. Has a great view. And it's
fStFl_JQRV8-00034-00011804-00012271 either a breakup or a make-out. Or yeah,
fStFl_JQRV8-00035-00012065-00012621 get engaged, you know, give the ring
fStFl_JQRV8-00036-00012271-00012809 something. I'm not sure. But breakups are
fStFl_JQRV8-00037-00012621-00012978 tough. There's no doubt about it and
fStFl_JQRV8-00038-00012809-00013184 if you're dealing with one, if
fStFl_JQRV8-00039-00012978-00013318 you have a recent one, 70% of
fStFl_JQRV8-00040-00013184-00013554 straight unmarried
fStFl_JQRV8-00041-00013318-00013753 couples do not make it a year. They break
fStFl_JQRV8-00042-00013554-00013834 up within the first year. Now, that's not
fStFl_JQRV8-00043-00013753-00014040 after marriage.
fStFl_JQRV8-00044-00013834-00014209 No, unmarried. Unmarried ,I got you. Okay.
fStFl_JQRV8-00045-00014040-00014359 Yeah, yeah. Unmarried couple, so this is
fStFl_JQRV8-00046-00014209-00014556 like boyfriend/girlfriend. Just a
fStFl_JQRV8-00047-00014359-00014790 relationship. Whether your cohabiting or
fStFl_JQRV8-00048-00014556-00015057 whatever. Within the first year, your 70%
fStFl_JQRV8-00049-00014790-00015226 chance of breaking up. So, you know you're
fStFl_JQRV8-00050-00015057-00015337 going to have breakups. You know that it's
fStFl_JQRV8-00051-00015226-00015526 going to happen. Yeah.
fStFl_JQRV8-00052-00015337-00015690 How do... What's the... How do you get over it?
fStFl_JQRV8-00053-00015526-00015862 That's the question. What's the best way
fStFl_JQRV8-00054-00015690-00016059 to break free? Because if you've been in
fStFl_JQRV8-00055-00015862-00016266 love with somebody for a long time or a
fStFl_JQRV8-00056-00016059-00016563 short time or maybe even if it's an
fStFl_JQRV8-00057-00016266-00016870 actual divorce. Finding happiness again
fStFl_JQRV8-00058-00016563-00017091 can be awfully tough. Yeah. Now, you are
fStFl_JQRV8-00059-00016870-00017259 just kind of recently married. I mean, as
fStFl_JQRV8-00060-00017091-00017422 opposed to at least, I mean, you've been
fStFl_JQRV8-00061-00017259-00017593 married over 10 years now. Yeah, yeah. But
fStFl_JQRV8-00062-00017422-00017806 you got married fairly late in life. Yeah, yeah.
fStFl_JQRV8-00063-00017593-00017976 And you know, I go back to high school.
fStFl_JQRV8-00064-00017806-00018315 One of the things that I think inhibited
fStFl_JQRV8-00065-00017976-00018459 me from the fear of breaking up, well I'm
fStFl_JQRV8-00066-00018315-00018723 just not going to get involved with anybody.
fStFl_JQRV8-00067-00018459-00018837 To the point where I dated so little in
fStFl_JQRV8-00068-00018723-00019009 high school. I didn't want to take that risk.
fStFl_JQRV8-00069-00018837-00019225 Because you didn't, yeah. And I think
fStFl_JQRV8-00070-00019009-00019468 that's fairly common, right? People don't want
fStFl_JQRV8-00071-00019225-00019645 to get hurt. So, they stay away. Which I
fStFl_JQRV8-00072-00019468-00019906 never understood. Yeah. Because I don't
fStFl_JQRV8-00073-00019645-00020119 care. Yeah. I wish I was more like that
fStFl_JQRV8-00074-00019906-00020337 in high school. I just wanted to be with...
fStFl_JQRV8-00075-00020119-00020497 I wanted to have a girlfriend. And it
fStFl_JQRV8-00076-00020337-00020697 hurt me, it hurt me because I knew there
fStFl_JQRV8-00077-00020497-00020890 would be more. You just got to move on. So,
fStFl_JQRV8-00078-00020697-00021063 one of the tips, obviously, of getting
fStFl_JQRV8-00079-00020890-00021229 over a breakup is to try to move on as
fStFl_JQRV8-00080-00021063-00021447 quickly as possible. And obviously that's
fStFl_JQRV8-00081-00021229-00021879 easy to say and hard to do. How do you do
fStFl_JQRV8-00082-00021447-00022153 that? Here's a big one. Do not stalk them
fStFl_JQRV8-00083-00021879-00022500 on social media. And my stalk, I mean,
fStFl_JQRV8-00084-00022153-00022825 follow. You know, if possible unfollow
fStFl_JQRV8-00085-00022500-00023112 yourself from that person. Clean break.
fStFl_JQRV8-00086-00022825-00023331 Why? Because you spend so much time on
fStFl_JQRV8-00087-00023112-00023656 social media and it's become such an
fStFl_JQRV8-00088-00023331-00023940 ingrained part of your essence. Yeah. To
fStFl_JQRV8-00089-00023656-00024135 go and see what your girlfriend or
fStFl_JQRV8-00090-00023940-00024351 boyfriend or whoever what they're doing
fStFl_JQRV8-00091-00024135-00024516 if they're not with you. And most of the
fStFl_JQRV8-00092-00024351-00024720 time when you're together, all of your
fStFl_JQRV8-00093-00024516-00024981 social media posts are together anyway.
fStFl_JQRV8-00094-00024720-00025272 But it becomes a real automatic
fStFl_JQRV8-00095-00024981-00025485 temptation so to speak to be... If you're
fStFl_JQRV8-00096-00025272-00025803 trying to break it off cleanly, to still
fStFl_JQRV8-00097-00025485-00026079 see what they're up to and where they've
fStFl_JQRV8-00098-00025803-00026141 been and check their Instagram posts... And
fStFl_JQRV8-00099-00026079-00026372 it's harder
fStFl_JQRV8-00100-00026141-00026602 today. I mean, before, social media, when we
fStFl_JQRV8-00101-00026372-00026744 were, you know, of dating age and all of
fStFl_JQRV8-00102-00026602-00026936 that stuff, it was just a point where
fStFl_JQRV8-00103-00026744-00027062 "What do I have to do when I break up? Or
fStFl_JQRV8-00104-00026936-00027194 afterwards?" Never see you again.
fStFl_JQRV8-00105-00027062-00027502 I never see you again. I throw away
fStFl_JQRV8-00106-00027194-00027731 pictures if I have to. Yeah. Letters, right?
fStFl_JQRV8-00107-00027502-00028004 I mean, that was. It's easy.
fStFl_JQRV8-00108-00027731-00028139 To just, okay 180 degrees,
fStFl_JQRV8-00109-00028004-00028361 I'm going to go in the right direction and
fStFl_JQRV8-00110-00028139-00028568 that work for me. And think about it. I
fStFl_JQRV8-00111-00028361-00028841 mean, with social media, because of the
fStFl_JQRV8-00112-00028568-00028997 things that your ex is posting, do you
fStFl_JQRV8-00113-00028841-00029204 honestly think you're going to see
fStFl_JQRV8-00114-00028997-00029464 anything that's going to make you happy?
fStFl_JQRV8-00115-00029204-00029689 The fact is is she or he is probably
fStFl_JQRV8-00116-00029464-00029920 posting things about their date last
fStFl_JQRV8-00117-00029689-00030095 night with so-and-so. And how their
fStFl_JQRV8-00118-00029920-00030362 relationship is going with the new
fStFl_JQRV8-00119-00030095-00030638 person. Or going on a trip that you were
fStFl_JQRV8-00120-00030362-00030830 planning together but now she is taking
fStFl_JQRV8-00121-00030638-00031231 with her best friends even though you
fStFl_JQRV8-00122-00030830-00031489 paid for it or whatever. Taking pictures
fStFl_JQRV8-00123-00031231-00031664 at the bench behind me. Yeah, someone else is on the bench now.
fStFl_JQRV8-00124-00031489-00032000 And someone else is up at make-out point.
fStFl_JQRV8-00125-00031664-00032210 Yeah, so kind of first tip here is to try
fStFl_JQRV8-00126-00032000-00032387 to get over somebody is to is to stay
fStFl_JQRV8-00127-00032210-00032570 away from them. Cut off all social media
fStFl_JQRV8-00128-00032387-00032831 contact. That is going to be extremely
fStFl_JQRV8-00129-00032570-00032963 hard. But you know it wasn't meant to be
fStFl_JQRV8-00130-00032831-00033182 easy. And if you want to get over
fStFl_JQRV8-00131-00032963-00033302 somebody quicker. The quicker you can get
fStFl_JQRV8-00132-00033182-00033455 them out of your mind,
fStFl_JQRV8-00133-00033302-00033848 the quicker you'll get them out of your
fStFl_JQRV8-00134-00033455-00034700 heart. The second thing is get up and get
fStFl_JQRV8-00135-00033848-00034877 out and spend time with friends. Be a little bit of selfish. It was
fStFl_JQRV8-00136-00034700-00035078 all about the other person. And so, once I
fStFl_JQRV8-00137-00034877-00035303 broke up, "Okay, now it's all about me." For
fStFl_JQRV8-00138-00035078-00035525 a while. And that's actually good because
fStFl_JQRV8-00139-00035303-00035708 that's the other third tip. So, they're
fStFl_JQRV8-00140-00035525-00035903 both kind of work together which is you
fStFl_JQRV8-00141-00035708-00036215 know focus on yourself. Yeah. You know,
fStFl_JQRV8-00142-00035903-00036416 take a class, take up a new hobby, do
fStFl_JQRV8-00143-00036215-00036689 something that distracts you. Maybe you
fStFl_JQRV8-00144-00036416-00036962 work on your fitness. Work on your
fStFl_JQRV8-00145-00036689-00037193 emotional or spiritual well being. You know, you
fStFl_JQRV8-00146-00036962-00037373 start working out more. You're
fStFl_JQRV8-00147-00037193-00037487 doing things, you're biking. You're hiking.
fStFl_JQRV8-00148-00037373-00037835 Some of the other things we talked about
fStFl_JQRV8-00149-00037487-00038048 in other videos. Get more active, Yeah. Get
fStFl_JQRV8-00150-00037835-00038222 way more active. And then related to that,
fStFl_JQRV8-00151-00038048-00038366 get out with your friends. You know, you
fStFl_JQRV8-00152-00038222-00038519 got to have that support group of friends.
fStFl_JQRV8-00153-00038366-00038716 Friend thing, I mean, I know that you've
fStFl_JQRV8-00154-00038519-00038909 had experiences just like this. You as well
fStFl_JQRV8-00155-00038716-00039200 where, you know, after that breakup you've
fStFl_JQRV8-00156-00038909-00040208 got that one friend or maybe a couple.
fStFl_JQRV8-00157-00039200-00040475 That you just go to and you talk to, right? "You never
fStFl_JQRV8-00158-00040208-00041114 needed her. She was horrible. None of us
fStFl_JQRV8-00159-00040475-00041336 liked her." You know, that kind of stuff. If you ever end up back with them
fStFl_JQRV8-00160-00041114-00041501 then things are kind of weird. So, if
fStFl_JQRV8-00161-00041336-00041720 you're a friend in this situation, just
fStFl_JQRV8-00162-00041501-00041981 be supportive and be a shoulder to cry
fStFl_JQRV8-00163-00041720-00042125 on. And not necessarily, you know, don't be so
fStFl_JQRV8-00164-00041981-00042317 talkative because they're the ones that
fStFl_JQRV8-00165-00042125-00042824 really want to talk and unload. You're
fStFl_JQRV8-00166-00042317-00043066 just there as a sounding board. So, 3 quick tips to
fStFl_JQRV8-00167-00042824-00043223 get over heartbreak and to get past a
fStFl_JQRV8-00168-00043066-00043469 long term relationship.
fStFl_JQRV8-00169-00043223-00043769 Stay away from social media. Don't follow
fStFl_JQRV8-00170-00043469-00043934 them on any other feeds. Get out and be
fStFl_JQRV8-00171-00043769-00044093 with your friends and look for the
fStFl_JQRV8-00172-00043934-00044300 support of loved ones friends, family.
fStFl_JQRV8-00173-00044093-00044483 Spend more time with family. Find time to
fStFl_JQRV8-00174-00044300-00044654 be with family. Get up and get out into a
fStFl_JQRV8-00175-00044483-00044819 beautiful place like this. That's the
fStFl_JQRV8-00176-00044654-00045166 views. Go hiking, do something for
fStFl_JQRV8-00177-00044819-00045686 yourself. Work on your fitness, go back to
fStFl_JQRV8-00178-00045166-00045815 school. Yeah, lots of stuff. Learn macrame. Just think about
fStFl_JQRV8-00179-00045686-00045977 some of the famous breakups. I've got
fStFl_JQRV8-00180-00045815-00046322 three famous breakups for you. Let's hear them as
fStFl_JQRV8-00181-00045977-00046472 we close. Number one. This number 1
fStFl_JQRV8-00182-00046322-00046688 or number 3? 3, sorry number 3.
fStFl_JQRV8-00183-00046472-00047504 Charles and Lady Diana. That's a tough one
fStFl_JQRV8-00184-00046688-00048035 because I'm not British. I did not deserve her. I don't know. But
fStFl_JQRV8-00185-00047504-00048188 he's the man who will be king. But you're
fStFl_JQRV8-00186-00048035-00049597 right. I mean, you can't be all bouncing
fStFl_JQRV8-00187-00048188-00050752 around and be all unfaithful. I like my second. Van Halen. Wow. Look at you. It's like two different...
fStFl_JQRV8-00190-00053880-00054129 as well because it was their
fStFl_JQRV8-00191-00053982-00054295 independence from the king and all of
fStFl_JQRV8-00192-00054129-00054516 that as well when America set up a
fStFl_JQRV8-00193-00054295-00054642 democratic deal. And you know we're all
fStFl_JQRV8-00194-00054516-00054814 sort of brother. That's a good one though.
fStFl_JQRV8-00195-00054642-00055107 I thought you were going to maybe go
fStFl_JQRV8-00196-00054814-00055351 with Ross and Rachel. Or Luke and Laura.
fStFl_JQRV8-00197-00055107-00055723 Did Luke and Laura ever break up? I just
fStFl_JQRV8-00198-00055351-00056073 know they were great couple together. That's beautiful. Alright, well
fStFl_JQRV8-00199-00055723-00056517 stay happy, be happy. And for heaven sake's,
fStFl_JQRV8-00200-00056073-00056962 be happy and stay happy. And if you can't do
fStFl_JQRV8-00201-00056517-00057027 that then be happy (Then break up) Stay happy. Oh, yeah,
fStFl_JQRV8-00202-00056962-00057352 break it up.
fStFl_JQRV8-00203-00057027-00057502 ♫♪Don't say break it up.♫ That's a foreigner
fStFl_JQRV8-00204-00057352-00057799 song. Check that one out. They never broke
fStFl_JQRV8-00205-00057502-00057988 up. Actually they did. Sad. We'll see you
fStFl_JQRV8-00206-00057799-00058182 next time. It's been a lot of great
fStFl_JQRV8-00207-00057988-00058414 breakups through history. Jeff mentioned
fStFl_JQRV8-00208-00058182-00058714 a couple there. Historical, musical bands,
fStFl_JQRV8-00209-00058414-00059122 actual couples. Have you ever broken up?
fStFl_JQRV8-00210-00058714-00059395 Yeah. How did you mend yourself quickly
fStFl_JQRV8-00211-00059122-00059595 and effectively? Comment on that. Comment, let us
fStFl_JQRV8-00212-00059395-00059737 know. I'm curious. We just mentioned 3
fStFl_JQRV8-00213-00059595-00060195 ways. But there might be other ways for
fStFl_JQRV8-00214-00059737-00060429 that to happen. Like us or not, like us
fStFl_JQRV8-00215-00060195-00060429 anyway.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00000-00000016-00000560 We start with a puzzle. Do two objects free falling from rest have parallel paths?
fUp0oQZqoLM-00001-00000560-00000896 And does your answer to this question have any consequence for the shape of the Earth?
fUp0oQZqoLM-00002-00000896-00001978 The solution will be given near the end of the video.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00003-00002264-00002784 Welcome to this NothingNerdy video on free-fall acceleration.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00004-00002784-00003088 Here is the statement from the IB Physics guide.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00005-00003088-00003560 Students should be able to determine the acceleration of free fall experimentally.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00006-00003560-00003960 In this video we will also show you how to apply the equations of motion
fUp0oQZqoLM-00007-00003960-00004195 to solve free fall problems.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00008-00004195-00004472 Here is a typical multiple choice question on this topic.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00009-00004472-00005064 You should be able to answer it by the end of the video.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00010-00005080-00005392 When objects are acted on by gravity and are free to fall,
fUp0oQZqoLM-00011-00005392-00005816 they accelerate at approximately 10 meters per second squared.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00012-00005816-00006207 As you may know, the actual figure varies slightly around the world
fUp0oQZqoLM-00013-00006207-00006704 and the average value to three significant figures is 9.81 meters per second squared,
fUp0oQZqoLM-00014-00006704-00007016 but a question will make clear which value you should use.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00015-00007016-00007568 Remember that the acceleration is only   uniform if there is no air resistance.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00016-00007568-00008456 This is why questions normally mention   that air resistance is negligible.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00017-00008496-00008824 The exam-style question you saw at the beginning of this video will analyze a falling object.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00018-00008824-00009256 The equations of motion are appropriate for
fUp0oQZqoLM-00019-00009256-00009560 this sort of calculation because they're an excellent example of uniform acceleration
fUp0oQZqoLM-00020-00009560-00009976 if we neglect air resistance which is a   reasonable assumption
fUp0oQZqoLM-00021-00009976-00010808 Often in many questions, the object falls from rest which means that initial velocity u is zero
fUp0oQZqoLM-00022-00010808-00011192 It is also important to take into account the direction of the motion.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00023-00011192-00012007 For a decelerating object,  its velocity and accelerations are inopposite directions
fUp0oQZqoLM-00024-00012007-00012911 which we show by deciding which direction is positive  and using negative numbers for the opposite direction.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00025-00012911-00013400 There is a variety of ways to measure the acceleration due to gravity.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00026-00013400-00013630 Firstly, there is direct measurement.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00027-00013630-00014040 You can electronically time a fall from rest through a specific distance
fUp0oQZqoLM-00028-00014040-00014336 and use the equations of motion to calculate small g.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00029-00014336-00015128 A metallic ball can be held by an electromagnet  and released at the same moment a timer starts
fUp0oQZqoLM-00030-00015128-00015504 and the timer switches off when the ball breaks the circuit at the end of the fall.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00031-00015504-00016000 Here, the ball falls 1.28 meters in 0.512 seconds.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00032-00016000-00017080 The formula relating acceleration due to gravity with time and distance is given here.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00033-00017080-00017656 The initial velocity is zero. Then we can rearrange the formula to find g
fUp0oQZqoLM-00034-00017656-00018080 and substitute in the values measured in the experiment. And here we find the result.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00035-00018080-00018968 We state it to three significant figures, since the distance and time were measured to this precision,
fUp0oQZqoLM-00036-00018968-00019592 but the uncertainties in the experiment may well mean that we would be better advised
fUp0oQZqoLM-00037-00019592-00020456 to state two (only) significant figures: 9.8 meters per second squared.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00038-00020456-00020880 It is also possible to use data from a ticker timer or photograph to draw a graph of motion
fUp0oQZqoLM-00039-00020880-00021368 and use the gradient to find the acceleration.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00040-00021368-00021840 Here is a falling ball: the motion of this falling ball is recorded in the table.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00041-00021840-00022831 We know from the equation that distance is proportional to time squared so these are the values we plot.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00042-00022831-00023216 The graph of s against t squared is a straight line through the origin.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00043-00023216-00024184 We can find the gradient of the graph and then use it to find little g as follows:
fUp0oQZqoLM-00044-00024200-00024704 We add the triangle and measure its rise and run which works out as 4.9 units
fUp0oQZqoLM-00045-00024704-00025559 using the formula, we can substitute in the gradient and the result is 9.8 meters per second squared.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00046-00025559-00026183 If you can make a calculation from data on a graph,  this is preferable to an individual calculation
fUp0oQZqoLM-00047-00026183-00026504 such as in the first example since there is more data and so the uncertainty is reduced.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00048-00026504-00027144 Other equations such as the time period of a pendulum include small g as a constant
fUp0oQZqoLM-00049-00027144-00027504 and you can plot a graph of length against time period squared
fUp0oQZqoLM-00050-00027504-00027920 and use this gradient to calculate g.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00051-00027920-00028368 Can you see why the gradient would be g divided by 4 pi squared?
fUp0oQZqoLM-00052-00028368-00029216 You could pause the video here to check that you understand the statement.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00053-00029280-00029712 This question is looking at the distance fallen during the third second of motion
fUp0oQZqoLM-00054-00029712-00030047 and that's between t = 2 and t = 3.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00055-00030047-00030432 We know that the initial velocity u is zero because it's falling from rest
fUp0oQZqoLM-00056-00030432-00030839 and we take the down direction as positive and we say a equals plus 10.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00057-00030839-00031687 s = ut + 1/2 a t^2 is the correct formula to use to find the distance traveled.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00058-00031687-00031792 We want to know the distance in the first two seconds, first of all
fUp0oQZqoLM-00059-00031792-00032200 and so we substitute in and we find that that is 20 meters.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00060-00032200-00032608 Then we look at the distance traveled in the first three seconds,
fUp0oQZqoLM-00061-00032608-00032952 we substitute in and we find that that's  45 meters.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00062-00032952-00033447 But we want to know the distance only in the third second
fUp0oQZqoLM-00063-00033447-00033824 and therefore we subtract the one distance from the other distance
fUp0oQZqoLM-00064-00033824-00034001 and the answer is 25 meters.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00065-00034001-00034248 The answer to this puzzle where the two falling objects have parallel paths is NO
fUp0oQZqoLM-00066-00034248-00034752 because the reason they fall is   gravitational attraction,
fUp0oQZqoLM-00067-00034752-00035088 so all falling objects are pulled towards the centre of the Earth
fUp0oQZqoLM-00068-00035088-00035800 and therefore fall at a very slight angle to each other which would be too small to measure but is nevertheless real.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00069-00035800-00036568 However, when we make our calculations we do assume that the gravitational field is uniform
fUp0oQZqoLM-00070-00036568-00036817 and the acceleration does not change.
fUp0oQZqoLM-00071-00036817-00038184 This is a valid assumption but it does ironically imply that the Earth is flat!
fa01XX6krIY-00000-00072572-00072850 Acho que o teu feedback vai fazer toda a diferença e para
fa01XX6krIY-00001-00071500-00071824 bom caminho ou não ou se desiste né? Também né? De facto
fa01XX6krIY-00002-00069072-00069356 qualquer das formas quero agradecer a todos aqueles que
fa01XX6krIY-00003-00068404-00068708 deseja o like se você gostou do conteúdo e permita que esse
fa01XX6krIY-00004-00070880-00071200 a aula é boa, se a aula vale a pena porque por favor deixa o
fa01XX6krIY-00005-00059640-00060084 fazer aqui alguns ajustes finos no nosso nosso modelo da nossa
fa01XX6krIY-00006-00072850-00073094 nós continuarmos a gravar estas aulas também. Aquele abraço
fa01XX6krIY-00007-00053934-00054196 Com
fa01XX6krIY-00008-00065750-00066136 Total barra.
fa01XX6krIY-00009-00067264-00067860 tornar vídeo cansativo para você meus internauta fiel e
fa01XX6krIY-00010-00063948-00064444 complicar você pode voltar e desativar e voltar a ativar se
fa01XX6krIY-00011-00065380-00065640 maiúscula.
fa01XX6krIY-00012-00061836-00062260 os preços porém só vai-me dar os custos totais OK? Na mesma o
fa01XX6krIY-00013-00071824-00072200 pode ser. Se você acha que não vale para nada, essas aulas
fa01XX6krIY-00014-00071200-00071500 teu feedback porque isso vai permitir eu entenda se tu no
fa01XX6krIY-00015-00068096-00068404 aqui né nessa fase do vídeo se você ainda não deixou like
fa01XX6krIY-00016-00072200-00072572 tudo, né? Ya diga aqui nos nos comentários, diga alguma coisa.
fa01XX6krIY-00017-00069356-00069664 são inscrito também no canal e é meu desejo que vocês me
fa01XX6krIY-00018-00070540-00070880 minhas aulas, porém não dizem nada, não não dizem se de fato
fa01XX6krIY-00019-00069664-00070012 ajudem neste canal numa comunidade interativa,
fa01XX6krIY-00020-00065032-00065380 está né? Vamos aqui total de custos vamos mantê-lo em
fa01XX6krIY-00021-00064444-00065032 você tem toda a tabela tal qual ela está. Muito bom. Ah aqui
fa01XX6krIY-00022-00050376-00050820 ser diretor aqui no tabela em vez de mantermos tal vamos
fa01XX6krIY-00023-00049324-00050080 também à Então aqui vocês têm aqui vocês têm talvez outro
fa01XX6krIY-00024-00063592-00063948 se você quiser pode diferencie a tabela mas se isto tiver aqui
fa01XX6krIY-00025-00062260-00062720 valor mante-se doze oitocentos e quarenta e seis ponto setenta
fa01XX6krIY-00026-00053316-00053690 Colocar a descrição, né?
fa01XX6krIY-00027-00043342-00043658 vamos colocar em família e depois a segunda opção em
fa01XX6krIY-00028-00050820-00051400 colocar tudo em vez de material vamos colocar só estamos
fa01XX6krIY-00029-00068708-00069072 vídeo possa alcançar mais gente ya alcançar mais gente de
fa01XX6krIY-00030-00070012-00070296 dinâmica, por isso deixa teu comentário do que é que você
fa01XX6krIY-00031-00035582-00036078 total de custos, tá bom? Parâmetro. Calculado, está aí
fa01XX6krIY-00032-00060596-00060888 cada distância o que é que vai acontecer? Automaticamente ele
fa01XX6krIY-00033-00066562-00067264 Ok já temos a nossa estimativa de custos de paredes para não
fa01XX6krIY-00034-00042666-00042950 nossa tabela vamos aqui trabalhar nalguns elementos
fa01XX6krIY-00035-00052368-00052954 bem? Colocar preço. Fica mais bonito né?
fa01XX6krIY-00036-00034534-00035166 ter material volume, família, material volume, pois você vai,
fa01XX6krIY-00037-00057534-00058118 doze mil ponto oitocentos e quarenta e sete ponto doze mil
fa01XX6krIY-00038-00042950-00043342 aqui deixados campos em filtro vamos classificar e agrupar
fa01XX6krIY-00039-00058698-00059110 que eu vou precisar para as minhas paredes para a
fa01XX6krIY-00040-00034090-00034534 custo, vamos lá pesquisar material custo, pois você vai
fa01XX6krIY-00041-00058118-00058698 oitocentos e quarenta e sete setecentos e oito mil é isso
fa01XX6krIY-00042-00060888-00061380 vai agrupar todas aquelas tabelas e o problema que vai
fa01XX6krIY-00043-00057064-00057534 portanto está-me a dizer o meu projeto que eu vou precisar de
fa01XX6krIY-00044-00048204-00048780 aqui em formatação custos vocês vão colocar calcular totais OK?
fa01XX6krIY-00045-00067860-00068096 desde já quero-te agradecer para que você manteve-se até
fa01XX6krIY-00046-00046684-00046992 dos campos aqui na nossa organização dos campos vocês
fa01XX6krIY-00047-00048780-00049324 Que nem por isso vamos aqui fazer eh eh não é? À direita
fa01XX6krIY-00048-00062720-00063592 e oito. Isso custos somente com paredes só com paredes. Agora
fa01XX6krIY-00049-00051546-00052368 maiúscula está bem? Volume Pode ser custo, pode ser preço, tá
fa01XX6krIY-00050-00032694-00033318 precisar do parâmetro de família família tipo muito bom.
fa01XX6krIY-00051-00032390-00032694 precisar de alguns campos tabelados. Dentre eles você vai
fa01XX6krIY-00052-00044282-00044910 aqui fazer total geral OK? Iterizar em cada instância
fa01XX6krIY-00053-00046992-00047524 podem fazer este pontinho aqui OK? O volume vem primeiro vem
fa01XX6krIY-00054-00070296-00070540 achou da aula. Eu vejo que muitos de vocês assistem as
fa01XX6krIY-00055-00061380-00061836 dar nisso aqui é que ele não vai me dar os volumes aqui nem
fa01XX6krIY-00056-00047524-00048204 não é? Antes do custo e vamos dar vamos aqui em formatação
fa01XX6krIY-00057-00024304-00024726 consequentemente aquela outra argamassa de cima também já à
fa01XX6krIY-00058-00043658-00044282 família e tipo cabeçalho e linha em branco estamos e vamos
fa01XX6krIY-00059-00046332-00046684 e podemos mudar não é? Podemos mudar aqui na nossa organização
fa01XX6krIY-00060-00039380-00039730 Tem uma sigla bem importante que você vai precisar usar
fa01XX6krIY-00061-00045674-00046332 interessante vocês vão ter aqui o volume e vão ter aqui o custo
fa01XX6krIY-00062-00045374-00045674 que ele já dividiu né? Ele aqui já dividiu de forma
fa01XX6krIY-00063-00039060-00039276 com
fa01XX6krIY-00064-00041610-00042218 aqui o custo total de custos e dou OK, beleza? Aqui
fa01XX6krIY-00065-00050080-00050376 elemento importantíssimo que a gente pôde aqui de fazer e pode
fa01XX6krIY-00066-00026766-00027274 agora o próximo passo criarmos as nossas tabelas para então
fa01XX6krIY-00067-00025242-00025910 custa cem e a parede vai custar dos quinhentos hã vamos aqui
fa01XX6krIY-00068-00029608-00029988 materiais para guardar não não precisamos guardar aqui dentro
fa01XX6krIY-00069-00060084-00060596 tabela você pode aqui em campos agrupar você pode tirar itens a
fa01XX6krIY-00070-00036078-00036498 parâmetro calculado. Você vai escrever aqui total custos.
fa01XX6krIY-00071-00030384-00030842 direta ao elementos do projeto para então estabelecermos.
fa01XX6krIY-00072-00059110-00059640 construção das minhas paredes ai depois você pode muito bem
fa01XX6krIY-00073-00040378-00040646 normal, portanto só consigo encontrar aqui no teclado
fa01XX6krIY-00074-00036946-00037598 vamos colocar moeda está bem? E aqui então é onde vai acontecer
fa01XX6krIY-00075-00044910-00045374 beleza e vocês vão ter aqui no final de cada um dos elementos
fa01XX6krIY-00076-00042218-00042666 automaticamente o vai fazer o cálculo. E ao fazermos a da
fa01XX6krIY-00077-00041010-00041610 seleciono vezes três e dó entre família, muito bom. Já temos
fa01XX6krIY-00078-00040646-00041010 virtual e vou clicar aqui nessa barrinha e tá aqui a sigla,
fa01XX6krIY-00079-00018806-00019098 esta parede nós vamos aqui estabelecer pelo menos um custo
fa01XX6krIY-00080-00037598-00038336 vamos calcular o volume vezes numa imagem é vezes está bom?
fa01XX6krIY-00081-00033754-00034090 nós vamos precisar, né, calcular na frente, material
fa01XX6krIY-00082-00020212-00020916 é aqui em estruturas, você clica aqui em material, nesses
fa01XX6krIY-00083-00021236-00021480 estabelecer aqui o custo, né? Lá colocamos quinhentos, aqui
fa01XX6krIY-00084-00036498-00036946 Aqui em total custo mantém-se não é? Em disciplina comum tipo
fa01XX6krIY-00085-00035166-00035582 já tá alinhadinho, bonito. E vamos criar um parâmetro de
fa01XX6krIY-00086-00028904-00029356 que é tabela gráfica de colunas tem também essa que é
fa01XX6krIY-00087-00031958-00032390 tabela? Nas paredes. Família. Aqui nas paredes vocês vão
fa01XX6krIY-00088-00028432-00028904 tabelas você tem esta primeira coluna tens a segunda coluna
fa01XX6krIY-00089-00033318-00033754 Depois você vai precisar material por causa do custo que
fa01XX6krIY-00090-00018002-00018354 elemento interessante que nós vamos estabelecer custos são os
fa01XX6krIY-00091-00027984-00028432 você vai encontrar estas tabelas que tabelas? Aqui em
fa01XX6krIY-00092-00030842-00031262 Dentre eles você tem paredes. Começamos pelas paredes. O que
fa01XX6krIY-00093-00029988-00030384 do levantamento de materiais você pode buscar de forma
fa01XX6krIY-00094-00022710-00023406 Estamos Vamos também colocar o custo da argamassa gente custo
fa01XX6krIY-00095-00031602-00031958 Quais são os campos tabelados que nós precisaremos nas
fa01XX6krIY-00096-00031262-00031602 é que nós vamos precisar calcular nas paredes senhores.
fa01XX6krIY-00097-00040010-00040378 posto não tô a conseguir encontrar dentro do meu teclado
fa01XX6krIY-00098-00038336-00039060 Vezes o custo estamos no material aqui vamos dividi-lo
fa01XX6krIY-00099-00039730-00040010 dividida por três. Eu venho aqui para o teclado virtual,
fa01XX6krIY-00100-00026382-00026766 essa parede por ter muito mais giro vamos dar-la a setecentos
fa01XX6krIY-00101-00027274-00027984 sabermos o custo total estimado do nosso vamos aqui em vistas
fa01XX6krIY-00102-00018354-00018806 custos das paredes você tem aqui esta parede ah aqui para
fa01XX6krIY-00103-00019908-00020212 lugar que eu disse que você pode estabelecer o custo também
fa01XX6krIY-00104-00017098-00017526 duzentos está bom? Portanto janela de correr com duas
fa01XX6krIY-00105-00029356-00029608 levantamento de materiais vamos começar pelo levantamento de
fa01XX6krIY-00106-00015144-00015588 aqui hã euros dólares nenhum mantemos em nenhum né para
fa01XX6krIY-00107-00020916-00021236 três pontinhos, aqui em identidade, você também pode
fa01XX6krIY-00108-00023406-00023714 da argamassa a argamassa vai nos custar quanto? Vai nos
fa01XX6krIY-00109-00021894-00022290 essa nota de chave hum não é? Para que ela deixe aparecer
fa01XX6krIY-00110-00017526-00018002 folhas de vidro vai custar duzentos dámos OK? O outro
fa01XX6krIY-00111-00025910-00026382 tentar hum dar o custo desta vitrine desta parede também
fa01XX6krIY-00112-00024726-00025242 linha não é? E vamos dar OK e OK portanto temos a argamassa
fa01XX6krIY-00113-00021480-00021894 vamos colocar quinhentos. E lembrem-se que eu coloquei aqui
fa01XX6krIY-00114-00013356-00013860 estabelecer que esta porta vai custar-nos pelo menos cem cem
fa01XX6krIY-00115-00023714-00024202 custar cem está bom? Cem
fa01XX6krIY-00116-00013860-00014512 beleza? Muito bom. Vamos dar aplicar e OK já aplicamos e
fa01XX6krIY-00117-00015940-00016328 continuamos com nenhum muito bom e está vamos aqui
fa01XX6krIY-00118-00022290-00022710 naquela tabela eu vou tirar essa nota de chave e dar OK.
fa01XX6krIY-00119-00014512-00014824 sabemos que essa nossa porta custa estamos juntos mas aqui
fa01XX6krIY-00120-00014824-00015144 em moedas nos vamos estabelecer uma simbologia de moeda temos
fa01XX6krIY-00121-00016328-00016588 estabelecer também o custo dessa nossa janela vamos aqui
fa01XX6krIY-00122-00013012-00013356 pode criar um parâmetro mas não é o caso. Porém vamos
fa01XX6krIY-00123-00015588-00015940 evitarmos conflitos de moeda não é? Vamos lá dar OK mantemos
fa01XX6krIY-00124-00011680-00012144 forma especial nos vamos aqui para editar tipo. Aqui em
fa01XX6krIY-00125-00007342-00007782 estamos utilizando aqui este template desenvolvido por eles.
fa01XX6krIY-00126-00012716-00013012 custos. Aqui está custo. Portanto aqui em custo você
fa01XX6krIY-00127-00008054-00008518 precisamos ter em conta para desenvolvermos quantitativo é
fa01XX6krIY-00128-00010632-00011044 tabela aonde estaremos fazendo uma estimativa geral do nosso
fa01XX6krIY-00129-00019478-00019908 quinhentos oito mil, quinhentos. Agora, o outro
fa01XX6krIY-00130-00019098-00019478 de trezentos quinhentos está bom? Estabelecer um custo de
fa01XX6krIY-00131-00009754-00010070 madeiramento o que vamos precisar em cada um desses
fa01XX6krIY-00132-00010070-00010632 elementos estabelecer os custos para depois irmos para o de
fa01XX6krIY-00133-00011044-00011680 projeto. Como fazer isso? Muito simples. Para as portas de
fa01XX6krIY-00134-00012144-00012716 edição de tipo você vai baixar até encontrar a opção de
fa01XX6krIY-00135-00006468-00006920 vosso reboque. E já deixar os créditos para o canal da cursos
fa01XX6krIY-00136-00006920-00007342 construídos aonde encontramos vários cursos grátis do e
fa01XX6krIY-00137-00005124-00005472 pessoal. Eu tenho aqui um modelo pronto. E se vocês
fa01XX6krIY-00138-00009034-00009326 projeto e desde já você vai olhar para o projeto e vai
fa01XX6krIY-00139-00009326-00009754 perceber que temos no projeto paredes temos janelas
fa01XX6krIY-00140-00016588-00017098 em editar tipo essa nossa janela vai custar pelo menos
fa01XX6krIY-00141-00008518-00009034 estabelecermos custos diretos de cada um dos elementos do
fa01XX6krIY-00142-00004496-00005124 está incrível. Por isso mão na massa e toca andar aqui no
fa01XX6krIY-00143-00005920-00006468 de como fazermos uma tabela de quantitativos de substratos em
fa01XX6krIY-00144-00007782-00008054 Senhores o primeiro ponto interessante aqui que nós
fa01XX6krIY-00145-00003922-00004496 Pascoal o administrador aqui deste canal senhores O tutorial
fa01XX6krIY-00146-00005472-00005920 lembram deixei nos últimos tempos aqui no canal uma aula
fa01XX6krIY-00147-00003364-00003922 ferramenta que é o e para quem não me conhece eu sou o Adriano
fa01XX6krIY-00148-00002634-00003008 Nas nossas playlists do
fa01XX6krIY-00149-00073094-00073674 grande Adriano Pascoal bye bye
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00000-00000834-00001095 My name is Ler Kue.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00001-00001095-00001273 I was born in Burma, in 2000.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00002-00001273-00001868 When I turned two years old, my family moved to a refugee camp in Thailand because of the
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00003-00001868-00002014 civil war.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00004-00002014-00002303 We took a boat to reach the refugee camp.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00005-00002303-00002634 When we got there, it was a quiet night.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00006-00002634-00003109 We didn't hear any other sounds, but the sound of birds.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00007-00003109-00003464 We used wood and bamboo to build our house.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00008-00003464-00004260 We used to have a garden, and in our garden, we grew mustard plants, green onions and cucumber.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00009-00004260-00004701 Near our house, we grew a banana tree and pineapple.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00010-00004701-00004946 My parents were working on the farm.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00011-00004946-00005596 Life as a refugee was a bad experience because we didn't have enough food.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00012-00005596-00005880 We had to find our food by ourselves.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00013-00005880-00006414 When I lived in Thailand I didn't have to work at all because my parents sent me to
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00014-00006414-00006854 school even though they didn't have much money to buy me a uniform.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00015-00006854-00007239 When I turned 5 years old they sent me to school.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00016-00007239-00007698 I really liked school because I met a lot of friends.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00017-00007698-00007892 We always played together.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00018-00007892-00008138 We used to jump rope on Saturday.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00019-00008138-00008729 Our school had a morning meeting where all students worshiped together before going to
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00020-00008729-00008829 class.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00021-00008829-00009028 I had to walk to school everyday.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00022-00009028-00009720 At school the teachers hit their students with sticks when they did something wrong
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00023-00009720-00009972 or when they didn't do their homework.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00024-00009972-00010623 I thought they should teach students in different ways instead of hitting them.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00025-00010623-00011027 Sometimes I got hit when I did poorly on a quiz.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00026-00011027-00011461 They were full of anger and hated in me when I got hit.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00027-00011461-00011946 Sometimes it made me hate going to school and I told my parents that I didn’t want
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00028-00011946-00012046 to go anymore.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00029-00012046-00012574 Some children have bad experience in their life because they wanted to go to school,
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00030-00012574-00013232 but their parents didn't have enough money to pay for school or buy their uniform.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00031-00013232-00013554 What they had to do was work for their family.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00032-00013554-00014016 Some of them had to work away from home even when they didn't want to.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00033-00014016-00014486 Some of them worked by selling food, and some worked on the farm.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00034-00014486-00015250 Now I'm in America, I still go to school and my parents still work, but their work is a
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00035-00015250-00015840 lot easier than in Thailand because they don’t work on the farm like they used to.
fb0dJ9cbVUk-00036-00015840-00016272 I believe that one day I can make my family proud of me.
fc744BZHBvU-00000-00073323-00074752 Surprises 
fdytnMYc62I-00000-00006180-00007336 Now you are watching me to demonstrate English watching your clips and I’m sure you go to class,
fdytnMYc62I-00001-00007336-00008464 I hope and you learn English there but English is not stop in the classroom and start at work.
fdytnMYc62I-00002-00008464-00009568 If you want a great English speaker you must study in your free time.
fdytnMYc62I-00003-00009602-00010210 But remember study can be fun if you make it fun.
fdytnMYc62I-00004-00010328-00010914 So how can we learn English in our free time ?
fdytnMYc62I-00005-00010914-00012188 Number one. The best way. Speak with foreigners. Anybody native speakers or nonnative speakers up to you,
fdytnMYc62I-00006-00012188-00013026 you will speak English it’s the number one from communication around the world.
fdytnMYc62I-00007-00013026-00014458 So speak with foreigners. Don’t be shy. Foreigner do not care if you make mistake. So to speak be confidence.
fdytnMYc62I-00008-00014458-00016224 Number two. May be you are shy and you worried. If you are shy. Don’t worry say something short don’t give a speed.
fdytnMYc62I-00009-00016224-00017248 Say something Hello, Nice to meet you introduce yourself, my name is, have a nice day.
fdytnMYc62I-00010-00017248-00018982 Just say something short to practice then you will become more and more confidence. Start small and get bigger.
fdytnMYc62I-00011-00019028-00019840 Every time you speak in English you become more confidence,
fdytnMYc62I-00012-00019840-00021024 so take small step Hi, Nice to meet you, Have a nice day start small.
fdytnMYc62I-00013-00021024-00022790 Number three, I know you all use Facebook you all use twitter you all use Instagram but you set in your native language I guess Yes.
fdytnMYc62I-00014-00022790-00023790 Change them change your Facebook setting change your Instagram setting to English.
fdytnMYc62I-00015-00023790-00024690 May be will be a litter bit difficult at first, but you know Facebook how to use it.
fdytnMYc62I-00016-00024690-00025584 You know Instagram you know how to use it. Change the setting to English.
fdytnMYc62I-00017-00025584-00026839 Because every time you check you phone check your Facebook you are seeing reading English words.
fdytnMYc62I-00018-00026839-00028402 Make English a part of your daily life. Read it every day just something something small. I know you all check your Facebook a lot.
fdytnMYc62I-00019-00028402-00030148 So if you check your Facebook 10 times a day and your setting are in English you are reading English 10 times a day.
fdytnMYc62I-00020-00030148-00031450 Already you are becoming more confidence with word with vocabulary, you seeing it all the time.
fdytnMYc62I-00021-00031450-00031892 Be brave change your setting.
fdytnMYc62I-00022-00032112-00033608 Number four the next step. Can you read one thing online in English every day.
fdytnMYc62I-00023-00033608-00035370 Don’t read an essay don’t read a journal. Read something short one paragraph not too much. Don’t read something boring.
fdytnMYc62I-00024-00035370-00036600 Read something interesting to you. What do you like ? You like the news are you interested in the world.
fdytnMYc62I-00025-00036600-00037442 Do you like fashion? Do you like sport? Do you like celebrity ?
fdytnMYc62I-00026-00037442-00038760 Find something online. A news website, fashion magazine, sport magazine they all have website.
fdytnMYc62I-00027-00038760-00040304 All in English we know it already. Find something that you like and read in English everyday every time.
fdytnMYc62I-00028-00040304-00041552 Learning new words every time becoming more confidence with your skill to communicate in English.
fdytnMYc62I-00029-00041870-00043530 Tips number five. Can you set a goal? Key word Goal to learn some new words English word every week.
fdytnMYc62I-00030-00043530-00045086 Don’t make your goal too big. Do nothing ok. Today I will learn 15 new words, cannot impossible cannot.
fdytnMYc62I-00031-00045086-00046416 But set a goal that you can do for a week. May be its 2 maybe it’s 3 maybe it’s 5 up to you.
fdytnMYc62I-00032-00046416-00047730 Should some word that you want to know in English. And that is your goal learn this word this week.
fdytnMYc62I-00033-00047730-00048224 How can you learn this word ? What can you do ?
fdytnMYc62I-00034-00048224-00049828 Should your word and then stick them, stick them on a piece of paper in your house somewhere you go all the time,
fdytnMYc62I-00035-00049828-00051412 in your mirror, on the refrigerator, in your car somewhere you go many time a day stick your word every time you see a word,
fdytnMYc62I-00036-00051412-00051702 Oh my new word ok now I know.
fdytnMYc62I-00037-00051702-00053620 Maybe you see the word 5 or 10 times a day every day for 1 week when you finish the week you know some new words maybe 2 maybe 3.
fdytnMYc62I-00038-00053620-00054358 Every week you improve you get better your more confidence.
fdytnMYc62I-00039-00054405-00056182 Tips number six. Listen to music in English. It’s a fun way to learn English. Enjoyable make study time fun.
fdytnMYc62I-00040-00056182-00058226 They’re a lot of music in English. I’m sure you like some English song if you listen you more comfortable with words and pronunciation.
fdytnMYc62I-00041-00058322-00059141 In the next clip we look at pronunciation a key part of learning English.
fdytnMYc62I-00042-00059141-00059805 Listening to music will help your pronunciation so much.
fdytnMYc62I-00043-00059805-00060529 Listen at home, listen with your friend, listen in your car, listen on your phone,
fdytnMYc62I-00044-00060529-00061420 and listen to music and its studying and its fun. May be you can dance, too.
fdytnMYc62I-00045-00061641-00062546 Tips number seven. Watch short clips in English every day.
fdytnMYc62I-00046-00062546-00064364 YouTube is for of clips in English can be serious educational can be funny can be something from a TV series you like up to you.
fdytnMYc62I-00047-00064364-00065322 You should clips are not long can be 2 minutes can be 5 minutes can be 20 minutes.
fdytnMYc62I-00048-00065322-00066104 Whatever in your free time. What something in English.
fdytnMYc62I-00049-00066104-00067402 But remember don’t make it too long just keep in short keep it simple keep it easy and keep it fun.
fermFlE5A-4-00000-00000000-00000501 OK, here we go. Psalms for Beginners. That's the name of the
fermFlE5A-4-00001-00000501-00000903 series. This is lesson number nine in that series.
fermFlE5A-4-00002-00000903-00001689 Title of this lesson, the Assurance Psalms.
fermFlE5A-4-00003-00001689-00002100 As I said last week, a lot of the psalms and categories of the
fermFlE5A-4-00004-00002100-00002600 psalms, we said nine categories, reflect the reaction that a person
fermFlE5A-4-00005-00002600-00003002 has when contemplating their
fermFlE5A-4-00006-00003002-00003500 experience in their relationship with God. In other words, a lot of the
fermFlE5A-4-00007-00003500-00004024 psalms are written as a response to the experience that an
fermFlE5A-4-00008-00004024-00004504 individual has had with with God. For example questioning,
fermFlE5A-4-00009-00004504-00004980 questions rather, concerning conduct.  What does the righteous
fermFlE5A-4-00010-00004980-00005508 man do and who is worthy to worship God? These are
fermFlE5A-4-00011-00005508-00006106 questions people ask themselves in the form of psalms, the wisdom psalms.
fermFlE5A-4-00012-00006106-00006500 Awe, the feeling of awe, as one observed God's
fermFlE5A-4-00013-00006500-00007000 creation or contemplated God's word. They wrote about how
fermFlE5A-4-00014-00007000-00007400 they felt when they had these spiritual experiences. The
fermFlE5A-4-00015-00007400-00007900 joy of the experience of worship, not the joy of
fermFlE5A-4-00016-00007900-00008400 worshipping. Although there are psalms like that, the joy that
fermFlE5A-4-00017-00008400-00008900 they receive just contemplating actually going to Jerusalem
fermFlE5A-4-00018-00008900-00009404 and worshipping God. Psalms were written about that particular
fermFlE5A-4-00019-00009404-00009804 experience and I think that's one of the reasons why the Psalms
fermFlE5A-4-00020-00009804-00010300 resonate with us even three centuries later because we can
fermFlE5A-4-00021-00010300-00010800 relate to the people and we can relate to their spiritual experiences today.
fermFlE5A-4-00022-00010800-00011300 Now in some instances the writers express their needs before God in times of
fermFlE5A-4-00023-00011300-00011700 trouble and they did so either through a listing of their troubles and
fermFlE5A-4-00024-00011700-00012200 crying out for help, those were the the suffering psalms we talked about that last
fermFlE5A-4-00025-00012200-00012700 time. At other times they reflected on how God had always been
fermFlE5A-4-00026-00012700-00013184 there during their times of difficulty
fermFlE5A-4-00027-00013184-00013600 providing protection and guidance for themselves as individuals and
fermFlE5A-4-00028-00013600-00014100 as people. The psalms that lift up God's name as
fermFlE5A-4-00029-00014100-00014500 protector and guide. These psalms are called assurance
fermFlE5A-4-00030-00014500-00015000 psalms. That's the category that we're going to be looking at
fermFlE5A-4-00031-00015000-00015500 tonight. Assurance psalms. And of course, you know the classic assurance
fermFlE5A-4-00032-00015500-00016102 psalm, probably the best known psalm. Best known scripture actually
fermFlE5A-4-00033-00016102-00016604 in all of history is Psalm 23. As I say it is the classic
fermFlE5A-4-00034-00016604-00017098 assurance psalm and also the best known of all the psalms in history. It
fermFlE5A-4-00035-00017098-00017500 is timeless in its beauty, in its message, and its message
fermFlE5A-4-00036-00017500-00017800 is easily understood in every age
fermFlE5A-4-00037-00017800-00018300 and at every age, old or young, no matter what language you
fermFlE5A-4-00038-00018300-00018804 speak. No matter what social class you come from,
fermFlE5A-4-00039-00018804-00019200 everyone can relate to Psalm 23.
fermFlE5A-4-00040-00019200-00019700 Of course it describes the assurance that one has from God and it
fermFlE5A-4-00041-00019700-00020302 uses two images of God, one as shepherd and one as host.
fermFlE5A-4-00042-00020302-00020800 OK. Let's look at the shepherd imagery first. Of course
fermFlE5A-4-00043-00020800-00021300 this is a psalm written by David. It is a natural imagery for
fermFlE5A-4-00044-00021300-00021800 David to use since not only he was a shepherd at the beginning when he was a young man,
fermFlE5A-4-00045-00021800-00022300 but he came from a people who had been shepherds for generations.
fermFlE5A-4-00046-00022300-00022800 Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, they were all shepherds and they acknowledged
fermFlE5A-4-00047-00022800-00023300 this to the Egyptian pharaoh when they migrated to Egypt. They said we're shepherds.
fermFlE5A-4-00048-00023300-00023516 That's what we do.
fermFlE5A-4-00049-00023516-00024002 Now the shepherds work was all encompassing
fermFlE5A-4-00050-00024002-00024500 for his sheep since these animals we know were the most
fermFlE5A-4-00051-00024500-00025000 helpless of animals, they're unable to defend themselves or to care
fermFlE5A-4-00052-00025000-00025500 for themselves. Interesting thing about Palestinian shepherds,
fermFlE5A-4-00053-00025500-00026000 they were especially caring for their flocks in that they lead the sheep and walked in front
fermFlE5A-4-00054-00026000-00026500 of them and did not drive them from the rear.
fermFlE5A-4-00055-00026500-00027012 They among other things scouted fresh grazing
fermFlE5A-4-00056-00027012-00027500 areas for them and also made sure that the grass was young and
fermFlE5A-4-00057-00027500-00027900 fresh, not dried up or weed filled or having poisonous
fermFlE5A-4-00058-00027900-00028300 herbs. That's how sheep are, that helpless.
fermFlE5A-4-00059-00028300-00028802 They also as part of their work brought them out in the morning,
fermFlE5A-4-00060-00028802-00029300 protected, watered them in the day, led them back to the sheepfold
fermFlE5A-4-00061-00029300-00029800 fold at the evening. I mean shepherds especially at the time of David
fermFlE5A-4-00062-00029800-00030300 literally lived with their flocks. So
fermFlE5A-4-00063-00030300-00030800 it was a all consuming task. You didn't just leave
fermFlE5A-4-00064-00030800-00031200 the sheep and then go do your other job and then come back. They weren't like other types of
fermFlE5A-4-00065-00031200-00031700 animals. You practically lived with them. And so that's a little
fermFlE5A-4-00066-00031700-00032200 bit of background about Palestinian shepherds, shepherds at the time of David, all consuming
fermFlE5A-4-00067-00032200-00032606 task. And so David writes this psalm
fermFlE5A-4-00068-00032606-00033100 using the shepherd as the main image. Let's
fermFlE5A-4-00069-00033100-00033600 read a familiar passage of course. "The Lord is my
fermFlE5A-4-00070-00033600-00034000 shepherd, I shall not want." So David the
fermFlE5A-4-00071-00034000-00034500 shepherd from a nation of shepherds declares that God is his shepherd
fermFlE5A-4-00072-00034500-00035000 and by extension fulfills this protective role with the nation as
fermFlE5A-4-00073-00035000-00035600 well, no just his shepherd, everybody's shepherd.
fermFlE5A-4-00074-00035600-00036100 Now the word Lord here is the term Jehovah, God.
fermFlE5A-4-00075-00036100-00036600 It suggests the quality of the Shepherd in that He is eternal, all
fermFlE5A-4-00076-00036600-00037000 powerful, capable of complete care for His
fermFlE5A-4-00077-00037000-00037500 flock. Now the metaphor of a shepherd as protector
fermFlE5A-4-00078-00037500-00038000 was a very common one in those times. David
fermFlE5A-4-00079-00038000-00038500 states confidently that with the Lord as his shepherd, he will not be left wanting.
fermFlE5A-4-00080-00038500-00039106 His needs and the needs of all the flock will always be met
fermFlE5A-4-00081-00039106-00039600 by the Great Shepherd. Verses 2 to 4.
fermFlE5A-4-00082-00039600-00040000 He says, "He makes me lie down in green pastures; He leads me beside
fermFlE5A-4-00083-00040000-00040572 quiet waters. He restores my soul; He guides me
fermFlE5A-4-00084-00040572-00041000 in the paths of righteousness For His name's sake. Even though I
fermFlE5A-4-00085-00041000-00041500 walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil,
fermFlE5A-4-00086-00041500-00042000 for You are with me; Your rod and Your staff, they
fermFlE5A-4-00087-00042000-00042400 comfort me." So in these few verses, David outlines some of the
fermFlE5A-4-00088-00042400-00042900 things that the Great Shepherd does and will do for him. For
fermFlE5A-4-00089-00042900-00043400 example, God will provide the things that I need he says.
fermFlE5A-4-00090-00043400-00043900 The pastures, for a shepherd needing the pasture, finding the
fermFlE5A-4-00091-00043900-00044400 pasture was important and so
fermFlE5A-4-00092-00044400-00044900 using the metaphor of the pasture, David is giving across the idea
fermFlE5A-4-00093-00044900-00045300 God will provide the things, the sheep need pastures, but to human beings they need
fermFlE5A-4-00094-00045300-00045868 clothing, they need food, they need a place to stay. They need protection. They need
fermFlE5A-4-00095-00045868-00046404 comforting. So God will provide all of these things.
fermFlE5A-4-00096-00046404-00046800 God will provide peace of mind. The still waters, imagery
fermFlE5A-4-00097-00046800-00047300 for peace of mind. It's amazing when you read
fermFlE5A-4-00098-00047300-00047800 about Saul, King Saul, and when he began to
fermFlE5A-4-00099-00047800-00048300 be depressed and to fall into his madness, what did
fermFlE5A-4-00100-00048300-00049302 he do? His subordinates suggested that they find somebody who could play music.
fermFlE5A-4-00101-00049302-00049800 That's how David of course entered the court. Find somebody who can play
fermFlE5A-4-00102-00049800-00050270 music and when you're down and when you're going through that, we'll play the
fermFlE5A-4-00103-00050270-00050800 music. It'll make you feel better. Does that sound familiar?
fermFlE5A-4-00104-00050800-00051300 Nothing wrong with music obviously, but none of his
fermFlE5A-4-00105-00051300-00051908 subordinates said, "O King, please live forever.
fermFlE5A-4-00106-00051908-00052602 Can I humbly suggest that you go to God in prayer for your comfort?
fermFlE5A-4-00107-00052602-00053100 Could I recommend that you retire to your royal chambers by yourself and we'll make sure that you're
fermFlE5A-4-00108-00053100-00053705 not disturbed that you might contemplate God's word for a time
fermFlE5A-4-00109-00053705-00054200 and find healing there?" Same thing today. What do people do? I'm
fermFlE5A-4-00110-00054200-00054800 down, I'm depressed, I got to get away.
fermFlE5A-4-00111-00054800-00055404 I'm going to go to whatever online and find some music.
fermFlE5A-4-00112-00055404-00055900 Same thing. David says God
fermFlE5A-4-00113-00055900-00056129 provides peace of mind.
fermFlE5A-4-00114-00056129-00056700 It's a gift. He leads you to it.
fermFlE5A-4-00115-00056700-00057304 He also says God will provide regeneration, restoring the soul,
fermFlE5A-4-00116-00057304-00057800 restoring righteousness and
fermFlE5A-4-00117-00057800-00058182 how will God...? This is the "what" that David...
fermFlE5A-4-00118-00058182-00058600 This is what God will do, provide what I need, provide peace of mind,
fermFlE5A-4-00119-00058600-00059200 regenerate me, restore me. This is the "what" and how will He do this?
fermFlE5A-4-00120-00059200-00059810 Well, He will do this by guiding me in the right ways.
fermFlE5A-4-00121-00059810-00060500 He will lead me. I will not lead myself. He will lead.
fermFlE5A-4-00122-00060500-00061000 And so God will provide protection through life's problems. The shadow
fermFlE5A-4-00123-00061000-00061500 of death that he mentions, the shadow of death isn't death itself, but
fermFlE5A-4-00124-00061500-00062000 rather the fear of death and the signs of death that we see in this
fermFlE5A-4-00125-00062000-00062505 fallen and sinful world. It's everywhere right? Just turn
fermFlE5A-4-00126-00062505-00063000 on the... you know we went...thank you for saying, "How was your holiday?"
fermFlE5A-4-00127-00063000-00063400 And we had a wonderful holiday even though it rained but didn't matter, we still enjoyed ourselves and I think one of the
fermFlE5A-4-00128-00063400-00063900 things that contributed to that, and it wasn't a rule or
fermFlE5A-4-00129-00063900-00064100 anything, I just decided
fermFlE5A-4-00130-00064100-00064804 no newspapers, no news, no TV, no nothing.
fermFlE5A-4-00131-00064804-00065300 I don't want to know it. If they bomb us, I'll figure, it'll get to
fermFlE5A-4-00132-00065300-00065902 me. The mushroom will get to me.
fermFlE5A-4-00133-00065902-00066300 No news, nothing.
fermFlE5A-4-00134-00066300-00066774 Read a book, sit there and simply
fermFlE5A-4-00135-00066774-00067200 enjoy the beautiful surroundings. Go find something good to
fermFlE5A-4-00136-00067200-00067600 eat and take your time eating. Pretty decadent
fermFlE5A-4-00137-00067600-00068100 to go have lunch at two o'clock in the afternoon. Boy,
fermFlE5A-4-00138-00068100-00069206 you know? Sit there and just eat and yeah more coffee, sure go ahead.
fermFlE5A-4-00139-00069206-00069802 We see the signs of death all around us on the news, on the internet,
fermFlE5A-4-00140-00069802-00070300 in our families. I mean, we begin every worship service
fermFlE5A-4-00141-00070300-00070792 how, pretty much? By reporting the signs of death that have been evident in our
fermFlE5A-4-00142-00070792-00071200 congregation. This one is sick. This one is near death. This ones had an accident.
fermFlE5A-4-00143-00071200-00071700 This one's cancer has returned. What are those things?
fermFlE5A-4-00144-00071700-00072506 Well there are simply reminders that we live, we die.
fermFlE5A-4-00145-00072506-00073000 So we were always living in the shadow of death
fermFlE5A-4-00146-00073000-00073500 and even though, David says, even though I see these things and the shadow of death
fermFlE5A-4-00147-00073500-00074000 crosses over into my life, he says I will not
fermFlE5A-4-00148-00074000-00074600 fear because my Shepherd will be there to protect and strengthen me.
fermFlE5A-4-00149-00074600-00075000 Why is that? Because there's so many things in the world that argue
fermFlE5A-4-00150-00075000-00075602 against our faith. Our faith says if you believe and
fermFlE5A-4-00151-00075602-00076068 are baptized you'll be saved. Our faith says that Jesus will not
fermFlE5A-4-00152-00076068-00076500 lose anyone. All of those who come to Him, He will resurrect on the
fermFlE5A-4-00153-00076500-00077000 last day. Our faith says that, but our actual experience
fermFlE5A-4-00154-00077000-00077500 day after day is what? Well it's the shadow of death all day
fermFlE5A-4-00155-00077500-00077900 long. We see it in the mirror first thing when we get up in the
fermFlE5A-4-00156-00077900-00078452 morning and we look in there to shave or put on our makeup. I'm
fermFlE5A-4-00157-00078452-00079006 not getting any younger.
fermFlE5A-4-00158-00079006-00079500 So against this wall of arguing telling us that our
fermFlE5A-4-00159-00079500-00079900 faith isn't true, David says here
fermFlE5A-4-00160-00079900-00080400 God will protect that faith. He will enable
fermFlE5A-4-00161-00080400-00080906 me to walk and to live with hope
fermFlE5A-4-00162-00080906-00081353 and with a strong faith regardless of the
fermFlE5A-4-00163-00081353-00081868 "shadow of death" he says the rod and the
fermFlE5A-4-00164-00081868-00082300 staff, they comfort me. Rod and staff here may be the same thing
fermFlE5A-4-00165-00082300-00083004 used in two different ways. It's a literary
fermFlE5A-4-00166-00083004-00083500 device, metonymy. It's called metonymy. When you substitute a word for another
fermFlE5A-4-00167-00083500-00083900 word. So the rod could be to
fermFlE5A-4-00168-00083900-00084400 protect against attack or
fermFlE5A-4-00169-00084400-00084900 the rod could be the staff that helps you, supports you
fermFlE5A-4-00170-00084900-00085404 and David says that God's Word is the rod
fermFlE5A-4-00171-00085404-00085900 that protects me against what?  Against believing that the shadow of death
fermFlE5A-4-00172-00085900-00086504 is the final thing. And the Word of God
fermFlE5A-4-00173-00086504-00087000 is the staff that supports me when I walk,
fermFlE5A-4-00174-00087000-00087608 as I go through life, it guides me, it tells me how I should act,
fermFlE5A-4-00175-00087608-00088100 which way to go. How am I going to make my decisions? What are
fermFlE5A-4-00176-00088100-00088602 going to be my priorities?
fermFlE5A-4-00177-00088602-00089100 So David sees God as his shepherd providing for his
fermFlE5A-4-00178-00089100-00089600 physical needs, his peace of mind, the salvation of his
fermFlE5A-4-00179-00089600-00090002 soul, as well as the protection and support
fermFlE5A-4-00180-00090002-00090500 that he needs through life's difficult times.
fermFlE5A-4-00181-00090500-00091000 So that's the imagery of God as Shepherd in this poem. In
fermFlE5A-4-00182-00091000-00091500 verses 5 and 6, we see the second image and
fermFlE5A-4-00183-00091500-00092000 that is God as host. So David changes
fermFlE5A-4-00184-00092000-00092500 the imagery and he sees the assurance that God provides as that of a
fermFlE5A-4-00185-00092500-00093100 host and no longer as a shepherd. So let's read through that.
fermFlE5A-4-00186-00093100-00093600 He says, "You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies;
fermFlE5A-4-00187-00093600-00094000 You have anointed my head with oil; My cup
fermFlE5A-4-00188-00094000-00094500 overflows." So the generous host of this era was anxious to please
fermFlE5A-4-00189-00094500-00095000 his guest, did not see hospitality as a burden, but
fermFlE5A-4-00190-00095000-00095500 actually as a graceful act that blessed his guest and also his own
fermFlE5A-4-00191-00095500-00096000 household. In this time the host provided
fermFlE5A-4-00192-00096000-00096400 several pleasantries, no that's not the good words, special
fermFlE5A-4-00193-00096400-00096900 welcoming things, if you wish. Not only the food to eat, but also
fermFlE5A-4-00194-00096900-00097300 washed the feet of his guests. As we
fermFlE5A-4-00195-00097300-00097800 know in those times sandals, dirty roads, washing of the feet to clean them so
fermFlE5A-4-00196-00097800-00098300 that they could enter in to the house. Also ointment for his
fermFlE5A-4-00197-00098300-00098800 guests, a drop on the head as a sign of welcome.
fermFlE5A-4-00198-00098800-00099300 In addition to this, the host was also responsible for the protection of his
fermFlE5A-4-00199-00099300-00099800 guest. The tradition was the protection was to last as long as
fermFlE5A-4-00200-00099800-00100104 the food remained in the body.
fermFlE5A-4-00201-00100104-00100702 Two days. That was the idea. The food stays in the body two days.
fermFlE5A-4-00202-00100702-00101100 We read about Lot, right? In Genesis. He was ready to give up his own daughters to protect the
fermFlE5A-4-00203-00101100-00101600 guests that the people in the town wanted to
fermFlE5A-4-00204-00101600-00102100 attack. So with God as his host David is presented
fermFlE5A-4-00205-00102100-00102702 with a feast, the cup overflowing, a feast
fermFlE5A-4-00206-00102702-00103200 and blessings, that's the anointing despite his enemies and problem.
fermFlE5A-4-00207-00103200-00103600 In other words, God can bless us despite the
fermFlE5A-4-00208-00103600-00104002 shadow of death. I keep coming back to that.
fermFlE5A-4-00209-00104002-00104400 We keep trying to eliminate any sign of the shadow of death and think if I can just eliminate
fermFlE5A-4-00210-00104400-00104700 every sign of the shadow of death...
fermFlE5A-4-00211-00104700-00105000 My my my my my my my my. Don't talk about it...
fermFlE5A-4-00212-00105000-00105704 We see, we go around doing that. If we could just eliminate that, but that's not the way to arrive
fermFlE5A-4-00213-00105704-00106200 at peace of mind, by creating some sort of artificial bubble we live
fermFlE5A-4-00214-00106200-00106600 in that removes every sign of the shadow of death in our
fermFlE5A-4-00215-00106600-00107100 lives. Impossible to do anyways. Peace of
fermFlE5A-4-00216-00107100-00107902 mind is a gift that God gives us. We don't learn it in a book.
fermFlE5A-4-00217-00107902-00108400 We don't go prac[tice] every Tuesday night from 7 to 9, I go to whatever, "the peace of
fermFlE5A-4-00218-00108400-00108700 mind gymnasium" to learn how to do...
fermFlE5A-4-00219-00108700-00109602 He gives it to us as a gift.
fermFlE5A-4-00220-00109602-00110306 When we count our blessings, we usually see that they outnumber our problems.
fermFlE5A-4-00221-00110306-00110600 The idea is that the light of Christ is brighter.
fermFlE5A-4-00222-00110600-00111104 than the shadow of death.
fermFlE5A-4-00223-00111104-00111700 The light of Christ is brighter than the shadow of death.
fermFlE5A-4-00224-00111700-00112306 That's not how we eliminate it, that's how we cope with it.
fermFlE5A-4-00225-00112306-00112606 Verse 6.
fermFlE5A-4-00226-00112606-00113052 "Surely goodness and lovingkindness will follow me all the days of my life,
fermFlE5A-4-00227-00113052-00113598 And I will dwell in the house of the Lord forever."
fermFlE5A-4-00228-00113598-00114000 So with God as his shepherd and host, David is
fermFlE5A-4-00229-00114000-00114440 assured that first of all, he will be
fermFlE5A-4-00230-00114440-00114972 blessed throughout his life. Not necessarily with wealth or power,
fermFlE5A-4-00231-00114972-00115400 but with the assurance that God's goodness and mercy will be evident to him in
fermFlE5A-4-00232-00115400-00115900 all that he sees and despite trouble and sin God's love will
fermFlE5A-4-00233-00115900-00116802 always be present in his life.
fermFlE5A-4-00234-00116802-00117296 For Christians, I go back to that saying,
fermFlE5A-4-00235-00117296-00117700 if we continually seek the light of Christ in our lives, it will
fermFlE5A-4-00236-00117700-00118204 outshine the shadow of death.
fermFlE5A-4-00237-00118204-00118700 David was assured that God wanted to bless him.
fermFlE5A-4-00238-00118700-00119200 Unfortunately many times we think "Oh, I hope, God please don't be mean to
fermFlE5A-4-00239-00119200-00119700 me. Don't hold back to me." We have this idea of God like He's...
fermFlE5A-4-00240-00119700-00120602 God has just so much to give and He  has to parcel it out.
fermFlE5A-4-00241-00120602-00121102 He's not cheap. God is not a cheapskate.
fermFlE5A-4-00242-00121102-00121600 Unlimited resources! Our problem sometimes is the
fermFlE5A-4-00243-00121600-00122404 cup, which is our heart, the cup that we offer to receive them is so small.
fermFlE5A-4-00244-00122404-00122700 The prayer we need to make to enlargen that cup.
fermFlE5A-4-00245-00122700-00123200 "God, please show me how to
fermFlE5A-4-00246-00123200-00123911 love more. Show me how to love more."
fermFlE5A-4-00247-00123911-00124400 And as I learn how to love more, my heart gets
fermFlE5A-4-00248-00124400-00124900 bigger and as my heart gets larger, it
fermFlE5A-4-00249-00124900-00125300 is able to receive more from God.
fermFlE5A-4-00250-00125300-00125800 That's how spiritual mechanics work. If you
fermFlE5A-4-00251-00125800-00126400 open the engine of the spiritual motor, that's how it works.
fermFlE5A-4-00252-00126400-00126900 All those commands, love your brother, love your enemy, do good to those who...
fermFlE5A-4-00253-00126900-00127400 you're thinking... If you only see that as a command, well
fermFlE5A-4-00254-00127400-00127900 then you're under the law. You don't get it. Those are instructions
fermFlE5A-4-00255-00127900-00128400 on how to open up the heart, how to expand your capacity for loving
fermFlE5A-4-00256-00128400-00128900 others and as you expand your
fermFlE5A-4-00257-00128900-00129400 capacity to love others, God is able to bless you more
fermFlE5A-4-00258-00129400-00129904 and more and more.
fermFlE5A-4-00259-00129904-00130400 And David says also his assurance, he is assured that he will always be
fermFlE5A-4-00260-00130400-00130904 in the presence of God. He will always be part of God's flock.
fermFlE5A-4-00261-00130904-00131600 He will always be welcome at His table.
fermFlE5A-4-00262-00131600-00131902 Isn't that what we're looking for?
fermFlE5A-4-00263-00131902-00132502 Aren't those the words we want to hear? "Well done good and faithful servant. Welcome!
fermFlE5A-4-00264-00132502-00132900 You're here at last."
fermFlE5A-4-00265-00132900-00133400 Alright, so there's the classic, Psalm 23. Surely more can be
fermFlE5A-4-00266-00133400-00133900 said but a bit of a review of that. Let's go over to Psalm 46 shall we?
fermFlE5A-4-00267-00133900-00134400 If you prefer following along in your bible, Psalm 46. Psalm
fermFlE5A-4-00268-00134400-00134904 46 is a psalm that sees God not as a shepherd
fermFlE5A-4-00269-00134904-00135400 or a host, but sees God as a refuge.
fermFlE5A-4-00270-00135400-00135900 Some say this, Psalm 46 and not Psalm 18
fermFlE5A-4-00271-00135900-00136400 is the inspiration for the hymn written by Luther, "A Mighty
fermFlE5A-4-00272-00136400-00136900 Fortress is our God." A mighty fortresses our God...
fermFlE5A-4-00273-00136900-00137000 You know that song?
fermFlE5A-4-00274-00137000-00137500 Based on Psalm 46.
fermFlE5A-4-00275-00137500-00138000 That's number 10 by the way in our "Songs of Faith and Praise" if you want
fermFlE5A-4-00276-00138000-00138300 to look that up later.
fermFlE5A-4-00277-00138300-00138700 So this psalm is divided into 3 sections. So let's look at Section 1, verses 1
fermFlE5A-4-00278-00138700-00139200 to 3. He says, "God is our refuge and strength, A very
fermFlE5A-4-00279-00139200-00139700 present help in trouble. Therefore we will not fear, though the earth
fermFlE5A-4-00280-00139700-00140200 should change And though the mountains slip into the heart of the sea; Though its
fermFlE5A-4-00281-00140200-00140700 waters roar and foam, Though the mountains quake
fermFlE5A-4-00282-00140700-00141200 at its swelling pride. Selah". So
fermFlE5A-4-00283-00141200-00141600 God is our refuge, he says, in life's gravest
fermFlE5A-4-00284-00141600-00142104 crises and the author describes
fermFlE5A-4-00285-00142104-00142600 cataclysmic natural events but says that despite
fermFlE5A-4-00286-00142600-00143100 these, one whose refuge is God will not be afraid.
fermFlE5A-4-00287-00143100-00143600 Well he is describing it in a generic way. Mountains
fermFlE5A-4-00288-00143600-00144100 slip into the heart of the sea. Wow! Imagine. That would be a terrible thing or
fermFlE5A-4-00289-00144100-00144700 well, what about if your husband of 47 years dies?
fermFlE5A-4-00290-00144700-00145304 I would think that's pretty equal to the mountain slipping into the sea
fermFlE5A-4-00291-00145304-00145872 as a cataclysm in your life. That the
fermFlE5A-4-00292-00145872-00146300 waters roar and foam. All of a sudden somebody steals your identity and
fermFlE5A-4-00293-00146300-00146802 bankrupts you and you have to spend a year and
fermFlE5A-4-00294-00146802-00147300 a tremendous amount of money regaining your banking and all that
fermFlE5A-4-00295-00147300-00147700 business, that would
fermFlE5A-4-00296-00147700-00148200 equal the waters roaring and foaming wouldn't it? So he's using
fermFlE5A-4-00297-00148200-00148600 these natural disasters as a way of
fermFlE5A-4-00298-00148600-00149210 conveying catastrophes in life
fermFlE5A-4-00299-00149210-00150050 and he says if God is my refuge, whatever the catastrophe, I'll feel safe.
fermFlE5A-4-00300-00150050-00150600 Verses 4 to 7. He says, "There's a river whose streams make glad the city of
fermFlE5A-4-00301-00150600-00151100 God, The holy dwelling places of the Most High. God is in the midst of
fermFlE5A-4-00302-00151100-00151804 her, She will not be moved; God will help her when morning dawns.
fermFlE5A-4-00303-00151804-00152300 The nations made an uproar, the kingdom's tottered; He raised His
fermFlE5A-4-00304-00152300-00152800 voice, the earth melted. The Lord of hosts is with us; The
fermFlE5A-4-00305-00152800-00153302 God of Jacob is our stronghold. Selah."
fermFlE5A-4-00306-00153302-00153800 So God is our refuge in the presence of our immediate enemies.
fermFlE5A-4-00307-00153800-00154300 He describes Jerusalem as not only the place where God is and His people
fermFlE5A-4-00308-00154300-00154800 but also the target for attack by the enemy, and we know this is so. We read through
fermFlE5A-4-00309-00154800-00155306 the Old Testament. How many times has the city of Jerusalem or was the city of Jerusalem
fermFlE5A-4-00310-00155306-00155504 attacked by all kinds of
fermFlE5A-4-00311-00155504-00156000 people? And so the defender of the city he
fermFlE5A-4-00312-00156000-00156606 says, who destroys the enemy, is God Himself.
fermFlE5A-4-00313-00156606-00157000 The idea being that those who are close to God will be defended by God
fermFlE5A-4-00314-00157000-00157602 against any and all enemies and will be defended successfully.
fermFlE5A-4-00315-00157602-00158100 And here, pause, because we're thinking, "Well I know I've known some Christian
fermFlE5A-4-00316-00158100-00158600 people, they weren't defended."
fermFlE5A-4-00317-00158600-00159106 We saw terrible video of
fermFlE5A-4-00318-00159106-00159600 Islamic terrorists leading out a
fermFlE5A-4-00319-00159600-00160100 whole line of Christians. I think they were all men, Christian men,
fermFlE5A-4-00320-00160100-00160604 dressed in orange suits with
fermFlE5A-4-00321-00160604-00161306 black bags over their heads who were then decapitated.
fermFlE5A-4-00322-00161306-00161856 Somehow those men and what he's saying here that
fermFlE5A-4-00323-00161856-00162402 doesn't jive. And I believe
fermFlE5A-4-00324-00162402-00163002 what David is or the author is talking about here is not
fermFlE5A-4-00325-00163002-00163500 "He will make you win the war." I think it's more along the lines
fermFlE5A-4-00326-00163500-00164000 where Jesus is saying, "Don't fear the one who can only destroy the body and then it has no other
fermFlE5A-4-00327-00164000-00164702 power. You be afraid of the one who can destroy your body and then put your soul into hell" and that's God.
fermFlE5A-4-00328-00164702-00165146 So those unfortunate believers who were killed, lost their
fermFlE5A-4-00329-00165146-00165600 lives, the promise that David makes here is
fermFlE5A-4-00330-00165600-00166100 that you don't lose your soul. God is with you. God will help you maintain
fermFlE5A-4-00331-00166100-00166704 your faith even at this particular point which will give you
fermFlE5A-4-00332-00166704-00167104 a lasting victory.
fermFlE5A-4-00333-00167104-00167500 In verse 8 to 11 he continues, he says, "Come, behold the works of the
fermFlE5A-4-00334-00167500-00168000 Lord, Who has wrought desolations in the earth. He makes wars to cease to the
fermFlE5A-4-00335-00168000-00168500 end of the earth; He breaks the bow and cuts the spear in two; He burns
fermFlE5A-4-00336-00168500-00169000 the chariots with fire. 'Cease striving and know that I am
fermFlE5A-4-00337-00169000-00169502 God; I will be exalted among the nations, I will be exalted in the
fermFlE5A-4-00338-00169502-00169900 earth.' The Lord of hosts is with us; the God of Jacob is our
fermFlE5A-4-00339-00169900-00170400 stronghold. Selah." I've mentioned to you before that the word "Selah" at the
fermFlE5A-4-00340-00170400-00170900 end there is either instructions for the
fermFlE5A-4-00341-00170900-00171400 choir or the musicians, either a musical type of notation
fermFlE5A-4-00342-00171400-00171900 or other scholars believe that it is an indication or an instruction to the
fermFlE5A-4-00343-00171900-00172400 reader to simply pause and consider and contemplate what has just been
fermFlE5A-4-00344-00172400-00172900 said. So you can go with either one of those. So here he says God is our
fermFlE5A-4-00345-00172900-00173300 refuge among the nations. Not only does God protect from the enemy,
fermFlE5A-4-00346-00173300-00173800 political, moral, spiritual, but His victory should be assigned to all the
fermFlE5A-4-00347-00173800-00174300 nations that they should cease rejecting God and His people and come to the
fermFlE5A-4-00348-00174300-00174800 Lord because they tried to destroy the Church didn't they? In the
fermFlE5A-4-00349-00174800-00175300 first century and in the second century and then in the third century and the
fermFlE5A-4-00350-00175300-00175700 fourth century and the fifth and the sixth shall I keep going till the twentieth century? They
fermFlE5A-4-00351-00175700-00176204 continue to try to destroy the church. They continue to try to
fermFlE5A-4-00352-00176204-00176700 deny the accuracy and the inspiration of the Bible. The smartest men, the
fermFlE5A-4-00353-00176700-00177200 smartest women, the most gifted ones, have tried to destroy its
fermFlE5A-4-00354-00177200-00177674 credibility and yet here we are still teaching
fermFlE5A-4-00355-00177674-00178100 it and yet here we are still bringing our
fermFlE5A-4-00356-00178100-00178600 children and teaching them from an early age so that they will
fermFlE5A-4-00357-00178600-00179100 be wise unto salvation when that time comes and here we
fermFlE5A-4-00358-00179100-00179522 are training the next generation saying, "We are expecting you to be
fermFlE5A-4-00359-00179522-00180000 faithful. We're passing on the torch to you. Be faithful and
fermFlE5A-4-00360-00180000-00180600 we're training you to pass it on to the next generation until the Lord returns."
fermFlE5A-4-00361-00180600-00181304 Somehow we just keep doing that and the world and all of its might
fermFlE5A-4-00362-00181304-00181700 can't extinguish that flame.
fermFlE5A-4-00363-00181700-00182222 So this passage here looks to a point beyond even this
fermFlE5A-4-00364-00182222-00182700 world and into the next where the author sees God as the refuge
fermFlE5A-4-00365-00182700-00183200 against death itself. Note in verses 7 and
fermFlE5A-4-00366-00183200-00183700 11, these two form a refrain which is repeated twice
fermFlE5A-4-00367-00183700-00184204 in the poem and it refers to the threefold title of God.
fermFlE5A-4-00368-00184204-00184708 Who is the refuge for us? Well,
fermFlE5A-4-00369-00184708-00185004 first of all, the Lord of Hosts
fermFlE5A-4-00370-00185004-00185528 is a refuge for us. Here the Lord of Hosts is God's
fermFlE5A-4-00371-00185528-00186000 title of divine power. That's a title.
fermFlE5A-4-00372-00186000-00186500 The Lord of Hosts. What are the hosts? Well they're the millions of angels.
fermFlE5A-4-00373-00186500-00186700 They're the armies of God.
fermFlE5A-4-00374-00186700-00187204 He is the Lord of all the armies of heaven,
fermFlE5A-4-00375-00187204-00187700 His title of divine power to the answer
fermFlE5A-4-00376-00187700-00188200 "Who is our refuge? Who is our refuge?" Number two, the
fermFlE5A-4-00377-00188200-00188700 God of Jacob. This is His title of covenant, His
fermFlE5A-4-00378-00188700-00189200 covenant relationship with Israel. This is the
fermFlE5A-4-00379-00189200-00189600 God in human history who is our refuge. Who is He?
fermFlE5A-4-00380-00189600-00190100 Well in heaven He is the Lord of Hosts, here on Earth, you may know
fermFlE5A-4-00381-00190100-00190600 Him, He's the God of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, He's the God of
fermFlE5A-4-00382-00190600-00191206 Jesus. He is the God of the Apostles and the gospel. He is the God of the church.
fermFlE5A-4-00383-00191206-00191904 He's that God. He's that refuge.
fermFlE5A-4-00384-00191904-00192300 Interesting to note that pagan gods had no covenants with
fermFlE5A-4-00385-00192300-00192800 individuals. This is how Jehovah was
fermFlE5A-4-00386-00192800-00193300 different and differentiated from these others.
fermFlE5A-4-00387-00193300-00193804 The Baal worship and we talked about the Baal worship,
fermFlE5A-4-00388-00193804-00194304 the local gods in each of the towns, Baal
fermFlE5A-4-00389-00194304-00194802 had no covenant with any individual. None. None of them. Molech
fermFlE5A-4-00390-00194802-00195202 had no covenant, no promises with any of the
fermFlE5A-4-00391-00195202-00195700 people. This was what was so distinctive about the God of
fermFlE5A-4-00392-00195700-00196200 Israel. He had a covenant with the people. He had a covenant to the point where
fermFlE5A-4-00393-00196200-00196700 the regulations were actually written down, His
fermFlE5A-4-00394-00196700-00197204 responsibilities, their responsibilities, His promises
fermFlE5A-4-00395-00197204-00197902 and their response to His promises. No other religion had that.
fermFlE5A-4-00396-00197902-00198200 So who is the God of refuge in history?
fermFlE5A-4-00397-00198200-00198700 Well of all the gods they've talked about here on earth, this God, the God of
fermFlE5A-4-00398-00198700-00199204 Jacob. And then who is the refuge?
fermFlE5A-4-00399-00199204-00199600 The Lord of Hosts with us.
fermFlE5A-4-00400-00199600-00200100 Emmanuel. Emmanuel is with us.
fermFlE5A-4-00401-00200100-00200622 This is His name and it suggests the substance of His
fermFlE5A-4-00402-00200622-00201102 promise and why we can feel assured.
fermFlE5A-4-00403-00201102-00201664 God is with us. The pagan
fermFlE5A-4-00404-00201664-00202100 gods, they weren't with you, you had to go to them. You had to do things
fermFlE5A-4-00405-00202100-00202600 to approach them. The God of Abraham, Isaac, and
fermFlE5A-4-00406-00202600-00203058 Jacob, the God who became flesh in Jesus
fermFlE5A-4-00407-00203058-00203560 Christ, He is with His people. He goes even beyond that, He is
fermFlE5A-4-00408-00203560-00204080 within His people. Acts 2:38, when
fermFlE5A-4-00409-00204080-00204558 Peter says, "Repent! Let each of you be baptized in the name of Jesus for the forgiveness of your
fermFlE5A-4-00410-00204558-00205000 sins and you shall receive the gift of the Holy Spirit." We've said this before,
fermFlE5A-4-00411-00205000-00205500 the big news there to the people who were listening wasn't that at the point of
fermFlE5A-4-00412-00205500-00206000 baptism that they would receive forgiveness, John the Baptist preached that,
fermFlE5A-4-00413-00206000-00206400 that was an old sermon, that was an old idea but at the point of
fermFlE5A-4-00414-00206400-00206900 baptism you were to receive the indwelling of the Holy Spirit. Whoa! That
fermFlE5A-4-00415-00206900-00207400 was news. That was the fulfillment of  the prophets in the
fermFlE5A-4-00416-00207400-00208000 Old Testament who said one day God is going to be with us.
fermFlE5A-4-00417-00208000-00208521 He not only is going to be with us, He's going to be inside of us.
fermFlE5A-4-00418-00208521-00208900 That was the shocking news, that was the thing that
fermFlE5A-4-00419-00208900-00209404 reverberated. They knew all about
fermFlE5A-4-00420-00209404-00209871 baptism, forgiveness, John had preached that for several years. So had
fermFlE5A-4-00421-00209871-00210300 Jesus and the Apostles, but that now the Spirit, the
fermFlE5A-4-00422-00210300-00210802 Eternal Spirit, the Spirit of the Lord of Hosts is going to be
fermFlE5A-4-00423-00210802-00211300 dwelling permanently within us to raise us up.
fermFlE5A-4-00424-00211300-00211700 That was news. That was good news. So in describing
fermFlE5A-4-00425-00211700-00212200 God in this psalm, the author is assured that the Lord is a
fermFlE5A-4-00426-00212200-00212704 refuge against life's catastrophes, life's enemies,
fermFlE5A-4-00427-00212704-00213304 as well as life's greatest enemy: physical death. How?
fermFlE5A-4-00428-00213304-00213804 Through His divine power.
fermFlE5A-4-00429-00213804-00214238 He is a refuge because He has power and His
fermFlE5A-4-00430-00214238-00214606 historical proof of His love.
fermFlE5A-4-00431-00214606-00215100 The love He had for Israel and the continual love that He shows His church
fermFlE5A-4-00432-00215100-00215600 and of course the promise to always be with His people. No god in
fermFlE5A-4-00433-00215600-00216100 every, no god in any other pagan religion made that promise
fermFlE5A-4-00434-00216100-00216600 to their people. The pagan gods, it was
fermFlE5A-4-00435-00216600-00217104 all about "gimme gimme gimme." "Give me sacrifice. I'll tell you what,
fermFlE5A-4-00436-00217104-00217600 give me your first born. Take your first
fermFlE5A-4-00437-00217600-00218106 born baby there and throw him into the fire. Give me that."
fermFlE5A-4-00438-00218106-00218600 And here the God of Israel is promising always to be with His people. What a
fermFlE5A-4-00439-00218600-00219000 difference. Alright. A couple of really quick
fermFlE5A-4-00440-00219000-00219304 application lessons here and then we'll
fermFlE5A-4-00441-00219304-00219800 close it off. Couple of lessons based on these assurance
fermFlE5A-4-00442-00219800-00220202 psalms. Some things that we learn.
fermFlE5A-4-00443-00220202-00220700 Strong faith equals strong assurance. We
fermFlE5A-4-00444-00220700-00221182 build confidence in God's care by building our faith and we
fermFlE5A-4-00445-00221182-00221700 build our faith by interaction with God's word.
fermFlE5A-4-00446-00221700-00222200 People who are always scared of dying and scared of this and scared that they won't have
fermFlE5A-4-00447-00222200-00223004 enough usually are not in God's word very much.
fermFlE5A-4-00448-00223004-00223500 Paul says in Romans 10:17, "Faith comes
fermFlE5A-4-00449-00223500-00224106 by hearing and hearing the words of Christ."
fermFlE5A-4-00450-00224106-00224592 So reading and studying and understanding and memorizing and teaching and sharing and
fermFlE5A-4-00451-00224592-00225000 especially obeying God's word, this is what builds
fermFlE5A-4-00452-00225000-00225400 spiritual confidence in God's power, God's love, and God's
fermFlE5A-4-00453-00225400-00225969 presence. That's how you do it. You want to go to the spiritual gym? Get into
fermFlE5A-4-00454-00225969-00226704 God's word more deeply, more often, more engagingly
fermFlE5A-4-00455-00226704-00227200 and one of the pleasant results of that exercise
fermFlE5A-4-00456-00227200-00227700 is that you will begin to feel assured of what you believe,
fermFlE5A-4-00457-00227700-00228100 assured of God's care for you.
fermFlE5A-4-00458-00228100-00228608 Lesson number two. Assurance
fermFlE5A-4-00459-00228608-00229206 equals peace. You see the more confidence we have,
fermFlE5A-4-00460-00229206-00229612 the greater peace we feel,
fermFlE5A-4-00461-00229612-00229906 because peace is a feeling.
fermFlE5A-4-00462-00229906-00230396 Nothing in the outside world can
fermFlE5A-4-00463-00230396-00230834 disturb the inward peace we have when that peace is based
fermFlE5A-4-00464-00230834-00231302 on the assurance we have through faith.
fermFlE5A-4-00465-00231302-00231800 I have assurance through faith; the stronger my faith is, the stronger my assurance is; the stronger
fermFlE5A-4-00466-00231800-00232504 my assurance is the greater my peace to face whatever.
fermFlE5A-4-00467-00232504-00233206 And then number three, peace
fermFlE5A-4-00468-00233206-00233704 engenders courage, patience,
fermFlE5A-4-00469-00233704-00234180 longsuffering and joy. Seeing
fermFlE5A-4-00470-00234180-00234600 ourselves facing life's many difficulties with courage and patience and
fermFlE5A-4-00471-00234600-00235178 longsuffering confirms that our faith is sincere
fermFlE5A-4-00472-00235178-00235652 and true. It's like "Wow! This
fermFlE5A-4-00473-00235652-00236100 thing happened," Whatever it is, OK? "This bad thing happened and somehow I didn't fall apart and somehow
fermFlE5A-4-00474-00236100-00236700 I didn't, it was difficult and it was painful, but I'm still here. Lord I'm still here
fermFlE5A-4-00475-00236700-00237400 and Lord I saw how you helped me through this. Thank you Lord."
fermFlE5A-4-00476-00237400-00237900 And then the realization of this fact produces joy. The spiritual
fermFlE5A-4-00477-00237900-00238400 equivalent of happiness. Listen to this.
fermFlE5A-4-00478-00238400-00238900 We only have a minute left. The difference between the two,
fermFlE5A-4-00479-00238900-00239300 joy and happiness, the difference between the two is that
fermFlE5A-4-00480-00239300-00239904 happiness begins and ends with earthly life
fermFlE5A-4-00481-00239904-00240604 and death, joy however goes on forever.
fermFlE5A-4-00482-00240604-00241100 The nonbeliever can be happy, but that's it, will
fermFlE5A-4-00483-00241100-00241600 never know joy. Joy is a spiritual experience.
fermFlE5A-4-00484-00241600-00242071 To experience joy while in this earthly body is to
fermFlE5A-4-00485-00242071-00242606 preview what life will be like in heaven
fermFlE5A-4-00486-00242606-00243100 and once you've tasted it, there's no going back. You are
fermFlE5A-4-00487-00243100-00243602 ready to lay down your life for Christ if it comes to that
fermFlE5A-4-00488-00243602-00244100 if you taste what joy is like. It's like you
fermFlE5A-4-00489-00244100-00244600 say what the apostles said, "Look. Go ahead, beat me, whip me, kill me, what can I tell you?
fermFlE5A-4-00490-00244600-00245100 I saw what I saw. I can't unsee what I
fermFlE5A-4-00491-00245100-00245702 saw." And for us today, I know what I know.
fermFlE5A-4-00492-00245702-00246100 I can't unknow what I know.
fermFlE5A-4-00493-00246100-00246648 I can't undo the joy that I've experienced. So if
fermFlE5A-4-00494-00246648-00246842 you're going to shoot me, go ahead.
fermFlE5A-4-00495-00246842-00247200 I'm sorry. I'm sorry I can't
fermFlE5A-4-00496-00247200-00247802 unknow and unfeel what I have learned and what I have experienced in Christ.
fermFlE5A-4-00497-00247802-00248300 Ok, so Psalm 23 and what was the other one? Psalm one?
fermFlE5A-4-00498-00248300-00248867 46. Those are two of those. Thank you very much for your attention, I appreciate it.
ffURwFkn-9o-00000-00001184-00001330 Good coffee for morning
ffURwFkn-9o-00001-00001372-00001536 Once it was no coffee
ffURwFkn-9o-00002-00001634-00001739 And there was everything better
ffURwFkn-9o-00003-00001752-00002000 Do you remember childhood without coffee?
ffURwFkn-9o-00004-00002574-00002752 diiiiiiii
ffURwFkn-9o-00005-00002752-00002862 ner!
ffURwFkn-9o-00006-00003180-00003264 Food!
ffURwFkn-9o-00007-00003318-00003470 Dan, What's you doing in this heap..
ffURwFkn-9o-00008-00003470-00003615 Nothing
ffURwFkn-9o-00009-00003729-00003815 Silent!
ffURwFkn-9o-00010-00003834-00004236 If you wants to know, I got stuck and i haven't oxygen there
ffURwFkn-9o-00011-00004330-00004476 Okay, okay
ffURwFkn-9o-00012-00004896-00005066 Mommy, what is this?
ffURwFkn-9o-00013-00005184-00005444 Son, it's good, eat this please
ffURwFkn-9o-00014-00006068-00006268 It's seems like good this thing
ffURwFkn-9o-00015-00006494-00006694 Yeah
ffURwFkn-9o-00016-00006738-00007004 if you will try to break this story again, i'll brake you!
ffURwFkn-9o-00017-00007258-00007486 I had pea soup today
ffURwFkn-9o-00018-00007662-00007862 And I had my Pierogi! (Polish dish)
ffURwFkn-9o-00019-00008040-00008444 They had his favoruite dishes, but i must to eat broccoli, damn it...
ffURwFkn-9o-00020-00008444-00008804 And this situation told me to eat broccolis
fiM2n4783K4-00000-00000000-00001768 [this video has no sound]
g1sPOy9u92u-00000-00000039-00000147 We're all curious.
g1sPOy9u92u-00001-00000147-00000556 And when we're curious about the natural world, the natural universe, the stuff around us,
g1sPOy9u92u-00002-00000556-00001051 where we live, breathe, our planet lives and breathes -- and that's the first start of
g1sPOy9u92u-00003-00001051-00001151 science.
g1sPOy9u92u-00004-00001151-00001691 But science is an organized, structural way of thinking about the why and the how.
g1sPOy9u92u-00005-00001691-00002233 And as, just as athletes jump over things, throw balls, and hit pucks, and run fast,
g1sPOy9u92u-00006-00002233-00002908 and do all the amazing things they do, there are tools to doing that questioning, that
g1sPOy9u92u-00007-00002908-00003008 wondering, better.
g1sPOy9u92u-00008-00003008-00003383 So, the first thing I say about science: we all have it, because we should never wait
g1sPOy9u92u-00009-00003383-00003529 to wonder.
g1sPOy9u92u-00010-00003529-00004002 We all wonder about lots of stuff, and as part of almost everything we see, there is
g1sPOy9u92u-00011-00004002-00004169 an element of science.
g1sPOy9u92u-00012-00004169-00004671 And not the scary science, but it's there, because how something works, why it works
g1sPOy9u92u-00013-00004671-00005193 that way, what laws are there that actually say that that makes sense -- remember, we
g1sPOy9u92u-00014-00005193-00005541 don't legislate physics, or chemistry, or biology.
g1sPOy9u92u-00015-00005541-00005859 That natural world does, and that's what's so fun.
g1sPOy9u92u-00016-00005859-00005967 It's a puzzle.
g1sPOy9u92u-00017-00005967-00006575 So to solve the puzzle, to ask the questions, to, if you will, engage the passion to wonder
g1sPOy9u92u-00018-00006575-00007262 why is the sky blue, or Mars red, or...whatever, one needs a few tools.
g1sPOy9u92u-00019-00007262-00007628 And the degree to which you use those tools is the degree to which you can explore problems
g1sPOy9u92u-00020-00007628-00007730 at the leading edge.
g1sPOy9u92u-00021-00007730-00008203 You know, why is the Higgs Boson named the Higgs Boson, but more importantly, part of
g1sPOy9u92u-00022-00008203-00008677 how matter organizes itself, versus, you know, why is that big bug biting me?
g1sPOy9u92u-00023-00008677-00008871 I mean, these are all fundamental things.
g1sPOy9u92u-00024-00008871-00009495 So science is curiosity with structure, with questions, and with tools so one can make
g1sPOy9u92u-00025-00009495-00009642 progress against those questions.
g1sPOy9u92u-00026-00009642-00009955 I don't think science ever...ever stops, or ever really sleeps.
g1sPOy9u92u-00027-00009955-00010520 A lot of scientists choose not to sleep, because they're pretty impassioned by what they do.
g1sPOy9u92u-00028-00010520-00010772 But, but that's...I think that's the beauty of it.
g1sPOy9u92u-00029-00010772-00011376 We all have it in us, we all can explore it in our own way, some, after much education
g1sPOy9u92u-00030-00011376-00011654 and tool development, in different ways than others.
g1sPOy9u92u-00031-00011654-00012364 The second grader versus the double-Ph.D. person asking about why the universe works
g1sPOy9u92u-00032-00012364-00012664 the way it does -- they're...they both can do science.
g1sPOy9u92u-00033-00012664-00013409 And, you know, I think sometimes the impediments to that mindset are some of the human-imposed
g1sPOy9u92u-00034-00013409-00013876 regulations to it -- you know, "you have to write these papers in this way, because that's
g1sPOy9u92u-00035-00013876-00013976 the only way."
g1sPOy9u92u-00036-00013976-00014296 And that might be a good way, but it's rarely the only way.
g1sPOy9u92u-00037-00014296-00014554 And so, anyway, that's...that's my view.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00000-00000164-00001329 [intro music]
g2FwbzN0lRo-00001-00001329-00002428 >> NARRATOR: In the course of your research, you will come across a plethora of citations.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00002-00002428-00002890 Many will be to journal articles, so how do you find full text of these articles?
g2FwbzN0lRo-00003-00002890-00003322 >> NARRATOR: This tutorial will demonstrate how to do this using the following citation
g2FwbzN0lRo-00004-00003322-00003478 as an example: Price, SS.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00005-00003478-00003622 A profile of women dentists.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00006-00003622-00003878 Journal of the American Dental Association, 1990; 120(4) 403-408.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00007-00003878-00004319 >> NARRATOR: Before starting our search, we need to locate some key pieces of information
g2FwbzN0lRo-00008-00004319-00004426 in the citation.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00009-00004426-00004585 These include:
g2FwbzN0lRo-00010-00004585-00005039 >> NARRATOR: The Journal title (Journal of the American Dental Association),
g2FwbzN0lRo-00011-00005039-00005300 >> NARRATOR: The Volume number (120),
g2FwbzN0lRo-00012-00005300-00005741 >> NARRATOR: The Publication date (1990),
g2FwbzN0lRo-00013-00005741-00006167 >> NARRATOR: and the page numbers of the article (403-408),
g2FwbzN0lRo-00014-00006167-00006504 >> NARRATOR: Begin by searching for the Journal title.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00015-00006504-00006855 Searching by the article’s title or author WILL NOT WORK!
g2FwbzN0lRo-00016-00006855-00007463 >> NARRATOR: From the search box on the library homepage, begin by selecting MARQCat, the
g2FwbzN0lRo-00017-00007463-00007581 libraries catalog.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00018-00007581-00007943 >> NARRATOR: From the drop down box, select Journal Title
g2FwbzN0lRo-00019-00007943-00008513 >> NARRATOR: Then type in Journal of the American Dental Association and click Search
g2FwbzN0lRo-00020-00008513-00009407 >> NARRATOR: As a helpful reminder, the citation will be displayed at the top of the screen.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00021-00009407-00009855 >> NARRATOR: The search has returned the catalog record for the journal.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00022-00009855-00010213 Examining the catalog record will provide you the information you need to locate the
g2FwbzN0lRo-00023-00010213-00010422 full text of the article.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00024-00010422-00010911 >> NARRATOR: Clicking CONNECT takes you to the online version of the Journal.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00025-00010911-00011343 Some journals may have multiple CONNECT listings with different year ranges.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00026-00011343-00011836 Note that not every journal has an online version and even if they do, the library may
g2FwbzN0lRo-00027-00011836-00012311 only subscribe to the print version.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00028-00012311-00012869 For this journal, the library only has online access from 1995 to present.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00029-00012869-00013365 However the article we are looking for was published in 1990, therefore we will need
g2FwbzN0lRo-00030-00013365-00013704 to examine the rest of the record to locate the print copy.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00031-00013704-00014191 >> NARRATOR: Beneath the CONNECT link, there are a pair of Location headings.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00032-00014191-00014776 >> NARRATOR: If a Location heading has the word PERIODICALS in the field, this will denote
g2FwbzN0lRo-00033-00014776-00015170 the start of the record pertaining to the print copy of a journal.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00034-00015170-00015734 >> NARRATOR: To locate the print copy, you will need the Journal call number; regardless
g2FwbzN0lRo-00035-00015734-00016181 of whether the print copy is in Raynor Library or Memorial Library.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00036-00016181-00016684 In this case, the call number is RK1 .A53
g2FwbzN0lRo-00037-00016684-00017347 >> NARRATOR: For this journal, the library has print copies from 1922 to present.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00038-00017347-00017845 >> NARRATOR: The Latest Received heading will display the most recent issue received by
g2FwbzN0lRo-00039-00017845-00017995 the library.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00040-00017995-00018456 The most recent issue will always be located in the Periodicals section on the second floor
g2FwbzN0lRo-00041-00018456-00018658 of Raynor Library.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00042-00018658-00019189 >> NARRATOR: Older issues of a journal are located in Bound Periodicals, which is on
g2FwbzN0lRo-00043-00019189-00019481 the lower level of Memorial Library.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00044-00019481-00020045 Make a note of the call number and head over there to get the full text of this article.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00045-00020045-00020259 >> NARRATOR: To recap:
g2FwbzN0lRo-00046-00020259-00020697 >> NARRATOR: Begin by searching for the journal title in the catalog.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00047-00020697-00020990 Searching by article title or author WILL NOT work!
g2FwbzN0lRo-00048-00020990-00021456 >> NARRATOR: The library may have limited electronic access, but can have the print
g2FwbzN0lRo-00049-00021456-00021579 copy.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00050-00021579-00022102 >> NARRATOR: Current copies of journals are located on the second floor of Raynor Library.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00051-00022102-00022544 Older copies are in Bound Periodicals on the lower level of Memorial Library.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00052-00022544-00022976 >> NARRATOR: The journal call number will be needed to retrieve the print copy regardless
g2FwbzN0lRo-00053-00022976-00023170 of location.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00054-00023170-00023469 >> NARRATOR: This concludes the tutorial.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00055-00023469-00023918 If you still have questions please contact a librarian at the information desk via one
g2FwbzN0lRo-00056-00023918-00024062 of the following methods.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00057-00024062-00025318 By phone, dial area code 414-288-7556; by email at askus@marquette.edu; or by text
g2FwbzN0lRo-00058-00025318-00025750 message sent to area code 414-678-1868.
g2FwbzN0lRo-00059-00025750-00026147 >> NARRATOR: Until next time, happy searching!
g9qmCHJ-9vk-00000-00000074-00000126 Cep,
g9qmCHJ-9vk-00001-00000130-00000298 you sleepy?
g9qmCHJ-9vk-00002-00000332-00000420 Cep?
g9qmCHJ-9vk-00003-00000508-00000566 Look at me
g9qmCHJ-9vk-00004-00000620-00000708 you want dinner?
grEo1HFqQYo-00000-00000994-00001399 My name is Hrvoje Zujić. Welcome to my personal Youtube channel.
grEo1HFqQYo-00001-00001449-00001825 In February 2018, I made this map of the Giza plateau underground anomalies.
grEo1HFqQYo-00002-00001875-00002515 This map consists only of the longest routes of underground anomalies and the biggest chamber
grEo1HFqQYo-00003-00002515-00002673 below the sphinx.
grEo1HFqQYo-00004-00002673-00003098 There are also thousands of small chambers and short underground anomalies.
grEo1HFqQYo-00005-00003098-00003501 To draw all of them and to make a complete map of the Giza plateau underground anomalies
grEo1HFqQYo-00006-00003501-00003636 would be a never-ending story.
grEo1HFqQYo-00007-00003636-00004143 I have made an optimal map, optimized for understanding the purpose of the entire pyramid
grEo1HFqQYo-00008-00004143-00004983 complex and to solve the mystery of the Sphinx.
grEo1HFqQYo-00009-00004983-00005368 What kind of technology do I use to register underground anomalies?
grEo1HFqQYo-00010-00005368-00005794 On the surface without underground anomalies, the flow of natural atmospheric electricity
grEo1HFqQYo-00011-00005794-00005922 is vertical.
grEo1HFqQYo-00012-00005922-00006514 On the surface above underground anomaly occurs the diffraction of natural atmospheric electricity
grEo1HFqQYo-00013-00006514-00006614 flow.
grEo1HFqQYo-00014-00006614-00006918 I use a sensor that registers the diffraction.
grEo1HFqQYo-00015-00006918-00007322 Where is the diffraction, there is an underground anomaly.
grEo1HFqQYo-00016-00007322-00007618 That is all about my cutting-edge technology.
grEo1HFqQYo-00017-00007618-00007921 Some details of my map could have been spotted in the past.
grEo1HFqQYo-00018-00007921-00008592 In 1991, Dr. Thomas Dobecki and Dr. Robert Schoch scanned the terrain around the Sphinx.
grEo1HFqQYo-00019-00008592-00009064 They published a report titled "Seismic Investigations in the Vicinity of the Great Sphinx of Giza,
grEo1HFqQYo-00020-00009064-00009164 Egypt".
grEo1HFqQYo-00021-00009164-00009759 They were able to locate 4 potential cavities beneath the Sphinx, of which 3 coincide with
grEo1HFqQYo-00022-00009759-00010085 the 3 Sphinx tunnel routes from my map.
grEo1HFqQYo-00023-00010085-00010631 The 4 potential cavities registered by Dr. Schoch and Dr. Dobecki are depicted on the
grEo1HFqQYo-00024-00010631-00011177 granite stele between the Paws of the Sphinx as the symbol of a human body with a heart
grEo1HFqQYo-00025-00011177-00011372 on the heads position.
grEo1HFqQYo-00026-00011372-00011713 Below these 4 symbols the chambers are depicted.
grEo1HFqQYo-00027-00011713-00012214 The edges of the underground polygonal-shape chamber around the Sphinx are marked on the
grEo1HFqQYo-00028-00012214-00012436 surface in the form of narrow slots.
grEo1HFqQYo-00029-00012436-00012765 It is unknown who created these slots, and when.
grEo1HFqQYo-00030-00012765-00014722 It is unclear why the Sphinx experts do not even mention these slots.
grEo1HFqQYo-00031-00014722-00015263 In 2014, Dr. Pavel Barsukov and Dr. Eduard Fainberg conducted transient electromagnetic
grEo1HFqQYo-00032-00015263-00015519 soundings on the Giza Plateau.
grEo1HFqQYo-00033-00015519-00016331 They published a report titled "On the geoelectric structure of the Sphinx Area in Egypt".
grEo1HFqQYo-00034-00016331-00016812 On the Figures 3 of their report they described the result of the 1D inversion
grEo1HFqQYo-00035-00016812-00017686 of the response they obtained when sounding the area beneath the Sphinx.
grEo1HFqQYo-00036-00017686-00018106 Simply put, Figure 3b shows electrical resistivity beneath the Sphinx.
grEo1HFqQYo-00037-00018106-00018841 There are 3 significant resistivity-drop anomalies on the depths of 5, 34 and 58 meters.The anomaly
grEo1HFqQYo-00038-00018841-00019367 on the depth of 5 meters is caused by a water table.The anomaly on the depth of 58 meters
grEo1HFqQYo-00039-00019367-00019605 is possibly caused by groundwater.
grEo1HFqQYo-00040-00019605-00019891 What about the anomaly at the depth of 34 meters?
grEo1HFqQYo-00041-00019891-00020251 Is it a polygonal-shaped chamber?
grEo1HFqQYo-00042-00020251-00021062 I was curious and sent an email directly to Dr. Eduard Fainberg on the 25th December of
grEo1HFqQYo-00043-00021062-00021162 2018.
grEo1HFqQYo-00044-00021162-00021324 The answer was shocking.
grEo1HFqQYo-00045-00021324-00022082 Dr. Pavel Barsukov claims that Figure 3 shows the idea of transformation only, not from
grEo1HFqQYo-00046-00022082-00022494 the Sphinx.
grEo1HFqQYo-00047-00022494-00023062 Simply put, Dr. Pavel Barsukov denies Figure 3 as the result of electromagnetic soundings
grEo1HFqQYo-00048-00023062-00023230 from beneath the Sphinx.
grEo1HFqQYo-00049-00023230-00023343 It was just a mistake.
grEo1HFqQYo-00050-00023343-00023837 I ponder whether he is under pressure due to censorship from Egyptian Authorities.
grEo1HFqQYo-00051-00023837-00024203 I want to send an official request to Egyptian Authorities.
grEo1HFqQYo-00052-00024203-00024669 I would like to scan the terrain beneath the Sphinx to a depth of 60 meters, employing
grEo1HFqQYo-00053-00024669-00024965 method of electrical resistivity tomography.
grEo1HFqQYo-00054-00024965-00025363 After making 2-dimensional profiles of the terrain beneath the Sphinx, we would find
grEo1HFqQYo-00055-00025363-00025813 out the exact depth of the chamber which is around 3000 square meters in size.
grHjZ6_Ux6E-00000-00000000-00001253 Intro Music
grHjZ6_Ux6E-00001-00001391-00001591 Narrator: Nosie - Flowers
grHjZ6_Ux6E-00002-00001732-00002129 Nosie: Finally some nice weather to water the plants. 
grHjZ6_Ux6E-00003-00002145-00002642 Nosie: Hu, didn't I do these allready?  Apparently not...
grHjZ6_Ux6E-00004-00002668-00002965 Nosie: Alright I'll do them again. 
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00000-00000086-00000692 In this video we're going to take a look at solving mixture problems using a system of equations.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00001-00000692-00001226 As with any application it's important we start by defining the variables.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00002-00001226-00001739 So we know what we're working with, and with mixture problems it can be kind of tricky to clearly define the
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00003-00001739-00002113 variables because we're going to be mixing two things, and ending up with the final solution.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00004-00002113-00002826 So it might be worth defining the first solution, is at such and such a percent.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00005-00002826-00003786 The second solution, or dollars, or whatever is at such as such and then, the final solution is as such as such.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00006-00003786-00004380 And just kind of organize what we know about the two things that are mixed together in the final solution.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00007-00004380-00004690 So, we don't get those mixed up.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00008-00004690-00005062 Then once we do that, we could make an equation the amount,
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00009-00005062-00005774 that is mixed together and a second equation for the mixture that is created.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00010-00005774-00006204 So for example, we've got a store owner who wants to make chocolate nuts to make his new candy.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00011-00006204-00006866 He wants to know how much chocolate, which costs 1.50 a pound should be mixed with forty pounds of nuts
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00012-00006866-00007231 that cost three dollars a pound to make a mixture worth 2.50 a pound.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00013-00007231-00007988 So, let's define our variables. What are we mixing together, chocolate and nuts.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00014-00007988-00009207 So let's us C for chocolate, N for nuts and then, I'll use F to represent the final solution
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00015-00009208-00009956 when there are all mixed together.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00016-00009956-00010446 You could also use T for the total solution, I see that also, as well.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00017-00010446-00011274 Let's organize what we know about the chocolate, we're told that the chocolate cost 1.50 per pound.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00018-00011274-00012028 So, we'll put the chocolate is at 1.50 per pound.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00019-00012028-00012806 We're told that we've got forty pounds of nuts that cost three dollars per pound.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00020-00012806-00013372 Well then, the nuts we got forty pounds of nuts.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00021-00013372-00013694 So we don't even need the N, because we know everything about the nuts.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00022-00013694-00014974 Three dollars per pound, and the final solution we're told is 2.50 per pound.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00023-00014974-00015541 So it's going to be at 2.50 and it's important to look the final should be somewhere between the other two,
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00024-00015541-00016052 because there are going to be mixed together to give you almost an average of the two.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00025-00016052-00016588 So let's make an equation for what we've mixed together.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00026-00016588-00017170 A lot of that information is going to come over here from the right, or from the left sorry.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00027-00017170-00017460 We're going to take some chocolate,
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00028-00017460-00018394 and we're going to add to it forty pounds and that's going to give you some final solution.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00029-00018394-00019164 However, much we end up with. Now we need a second equation to represent the mixture.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00030-00019164-00019712 Well the chocolate has a prize attached to it of 1.50 or 1.5,
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00031-00019712-00020352 and we're going to add to it the price of the nuts which is three dollars for each of the forty pounds.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00032-00020352-00020822 We have to multiply it by the forty pounds,
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00033-00020822-00021508 equals the final solution, we want to be worth 2.50 times the amount of the final solution.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00034-00021508-00022288 Notice in the mixture we have this problem of the price times the amount, the price times the amount,
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00035-00022288-00022912 and the price times the amount. All that needs to be in there.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00036-00022912-00023262 You'll also notice that we now are completely set up to solve by elimination.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00037-00023262-00023668 Oh, I'm sorry substitution because we know what F equals.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00038-00023668-00024120 F is equal to this stuff so, we could replace the F with the C plus forty.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00039-00024120-00024556 So we have 1.5 c plus, let's go ahead and multiply this together,
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00040-00024556-00025420 120, three times forty equals 2.5 times C plus forty.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00041-00025420-00026608 Solving then, we'll distribute the 2.5 giving us 1.5 c plus 120 equals 2.5 c plus 100.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00042-00026608-00027626 We want to get the variable on one side, so we'll subtract 1.5 c from both. That gives us 120 equals 1 c.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00043-00027626-00028952 We don't need the one plus 100, and subtract off the 100 from both sides and we get C is equal to twenty.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00044-00028952-00029526 What's nice about this problem is the questions asking us how many pounds of chocolate we need.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00045-00029526-00029904 It doesn't really care about the total.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00046-00029904-00031382 So all we care about is the pounds of chocolate, which we just found to be twenty pounds of chocolate.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00047-00031382-00031739 So let's take a look at another example to see if we could organize our variables,
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00048-00031739-00032422 figure out what they all mean, and use that information to make two equations.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00049-00032422-00032958 Here we need a fifty five percent alcohol solution. On hand we have 600 mL of ten percent.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00050-00032958-00033466 We also have, a ninety five percent we're going to add to it.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00051-00033466-00034774 So we'll just use A and B for the two solutions, and they're going to combine the equal some total.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00052-00034774-00036182 So A is the amount of the first, B is the amount of the second and T is the amount of the total.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00053-00036182-00036912 We could also us F for final, but I didn't want to mix that up with first.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00054-00036912-00037300 So let's see what we know, let's be very careful here.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00055-00037300-00038378 The fifty five percent alcohol solution, is that talking about the first, the second, or the final solution?
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00056-00038378-00039182 It's talking about the final solution we're looking for, it's what we need.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00057-00039182-00040040 So the fifty five percent is the total, which always must be as a decimal .55.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00058-00040040-00040650 Then we continue on, and we have 600 mL of the ten percent.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00059-00040650-00041260 Well that's nice because now we know, but first we don't need a variable for it we know the amount.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00060-00041260-00042012 It's 600 mL and it's at ten percent .1 is ten.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00061-00042012-00042876 We also have this ninety five percent that's going to be added, that's the point ninety five of a second.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00062-00042876-00043458 And again notice your final solution is somewhere between the other two, that's important.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00063-00043458-00043952 So now we can make an equation for the amount, is that we started with 600.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00064-00043952-00044762 We added some unknown amount, B, to give us the total final solution.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00065-00044762-00045074 The second equation talking about the values.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00066-00045074-00045756 The 600 had ten percent delusion to it, so we have to multiply it by point one times the 600,
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00067-00045756-00046587 plus the second is ninety five percent diluted, so .95 times the amount of the second is equal to
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00068-00046587-00047092 the total which is .55 times the total.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00069-00047092-00048052 Again we see the pattern percent times amount, percent times amount, percent times amount all the way across.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00070-00048052-00048526 And again, we're set up to solve by substitution.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00071-00048526-00049946 Replacing the T will give us, let's multiply while we're adding it, sixty plus .95 b equals .5 times 600 plus b.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00072-00049946-00051296 Distributing's going to give us sixty plus .95 b equals 600 times .55 is 330 plus .55 b.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00073-00051296-00052705 Get the variable on the same side by subtracting .55 b, gives us sixty plus .4 b equals 330.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00074-00052705-00054176 Subtracting sixty from both sides, .4 b is equal to 270 and finally, dividing by .4.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00075-00054176-00055414 B is equal to 675. Notice also, B is the amount that 's going to be added.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00076-00055414-00056220 That second amount and the question is just asking, how much do you have to add?
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00077-00056220-00056538 It doesn't care about the total amount, so we've got our final solution.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00078-00056538-00057710 We're going to add 675 mL of the ninety five percent and we have our final solution.
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00079-00057710-00058202 With mixture problems you want to make sure you take the time to identify the two mixtures that are combined,
g-Ty2ihsPa8-00080-00058202-00058916 and the total mixture in what percents or dollar figures go with each as you create your problems.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00000-00000020-00000140 - Shalom from the Dome.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00001-00000140-00000313 Last Saturday, your Colorado lawmakers
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00002-00000313-00000446 had to do something nobody likes,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00003-00000446-00000571 coming into work on the weekend.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00004-00000571-00000894 - I'm gonna need you to go ahead and come in tomorrow.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00005-00000894-00000977 (record scratch)
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00006-00000977-00001066 - It says in the state Constitution that lawmakers
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00007-00001066-00001302 must adjourn by the end of the day this Friday
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00008-00001302-00001482 and there are still hundreds of bills left to consider
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00009-00001482-00001700 in what's shaping up to be a crazy final week.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00010-00001700-00001922 While this kind of political gridlock is standard operating
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00011-00001922-00002141 procedure for the creatures in Washington, D.C.,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00012-00002141-00002336 this isn't the way things usually work in Colorado.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00013-00002336-00002504 All kinds of important bills that need to get through
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00014-00002504-00002709 to Governor Polis' desk have piled up at the end
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00015-00002709-00002938 of the session because of an unprecedented campaign
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00016-00002938-00003093 of obstruction from Republicans--
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00017-00003093-00003206 (garbled audio)
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00018-00003206-00003426 to make what should be the ordinary business of running
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00019-00003426-00003747 the government as annoying and inefficient as possible.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00020-00003747-00003935 Senator Owen Hill complained to reporters
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00021-00003935-00004148 that he doesn't wanna come in on a Saturday.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00022-00004148-00004483 - I'm also gonna need you to go ahead and come in on Sunday.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00023-00004483-00004672 - When Senate staff were literally making bumper stickers
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00024-00004672-00004933 celebrating his obstruction tactics just a week earlier.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00025-00004933-00005161 After all the dumb ass stunts they've pulled this session,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00026-00005161-00005373 Republicans complaining about having to work on the weekends
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00027-00005373-00005524 is like Tanin getting mad about eating
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00028-00005524-00005695 a face full of cow manure.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00029-00005695-00005895 - Manure! I hate manure!
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00030-00006070-00006349 - Despite all the blowhards blowharding--
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00031-00006349-00006434 - [Camera Man] Whoa!
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00032-00006434-00006642 - and other political antics gummin' up the works,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00033-00006642-00006872 the progressive majority that you elected in November has
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00034-00006872-00007206 been delivering on their campaign promises left and middle.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00035-00007206-00007336 Another good thing that happened this week
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00036-00007336-00007584 was the final passage of House Bill 1266,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00037-00007584-00007847 legislation to restore voting rights to about 9,000
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00038-00007847-00008092 Coloradans who were on parole after serving time.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00039-00008377-00008616 Colorado has always had much better laws to allow people
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00040-00008616-00008818 who have paid their debt to get their voting rights back,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00041-00008818-00009056 and the most pro-voter laws in the country to begin with,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00042-00009056-00009207 and this bill will help a few thousand
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00043-00009207-00009428 more fully rejoin society.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00044-00009428-00009666 (Ocean's 11 music)
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00045-00009666-00009832 We know that being ostracized from the world
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00046-00009832-00010056 is a big part of recidivism for ex-offenders,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00047-00010056-00010197 and this is another stepping stone
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00048-00010197-00010394 to rebuilding a life after serving time.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00049-00010394-00010538 If you've turned on a T.V. or radio
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00050-00010538-00010717 for the last couple months, you already know
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00051-00010717-00010887 that Colorado passed an important new bill
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00052-00010887-00011088 to better regulate oil and gas drilling close
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00053-00011088-00011349 to where people live, or kids play, schools, hospitals,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00054-00011349-00011598 businesses, you know, places where industrial activity
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00055-00011598-00011807 has absolutely no business going on.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00056-00011807-00012051 Before and after Senate Bill 181 was signed into law,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00057-00012051-00012237 its opponents in the oil and gas industry said it would cost
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00058-00012237-00012556 a million billion jobs and plunge the state into actual
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00059-00012556-00012833 and economic darkness, forcing everyone to capture squirrels
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00060-00012833-00012936 to eat and run on treadmills
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00061-00012936-00013105 to power their kitchen appliances.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00062-00013105-00013416 - Keep smiling because we gotta keep goin'!
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00063-00013416-00013681 - Well as it turns out, just like the proponents said over
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00064-00013681-00014003 and over again, this law is not gonna destroy the industry.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00065-00014003-00014244 That's why last week, the oil and gas industry announced
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00066-00014244-00014496 they're giving up on an attempt to repeal Senate Bill 181
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00067-00014496-00014662 via ballot initiative this year.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00068-00014662-00014844 And furthermore, in a must-read story
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00069-00014844-00015041 in the Greeley Tribune, and you should really read
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00070-00015041-00015290 the Greeley Tribune, the head of the Colorado Oil and Gas
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00071-00015290-00015513 Association admits that negotiations over the bill
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00072-00015513-00015750 took care of many of the industry's worst objections
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00073-00015750-00015894 and it's something they can work with.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00074-00015894-00016072 With Colorado energy stocks soaring
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00075-00016072-00016321 and the state's biggest oil and gas companies the subject
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00076-00016321-00016546 of a multi-billion dollar bidding war,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00077-00016546-00016751 it's obvious that rumors of the industry's death
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00078-00016751-00016962 in this state have been greatly exaggerated.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00079-00016962-00017192 - [The Man From The Road] The clock stopped at 1:17.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00080-00017421-00017659 It was a long shear of bright light.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00081-00017659-00017841 - This is really huge news, especially up in Greeley
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00082-00017841-00018048 since the people who have threatened to recall
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00083-00018048-00018230 against State Representative Rochelle Galindo,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00084-00018230-00018473 swear up and down that they're not goin' after her
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00085-00018473-00018745 because she's a gay, brown woman, that it's only because
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00086-00018745-00018937 of her oil and gas votes, even though one
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00087-00018937-00019141 of the first organizers of the recall said flat
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00088-00019141-00019250 out that it's because she's a--
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00089-00019250-00019395 - Homosexual pervert.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00090-00019395-00019576 - And another admitted to the Tribune that they would
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00091-00019576-00019807 have still filed a recall about Rep Galindo even
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00092-00019807-00019960 if she voted against the bill.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00093-00019960-00020143 Anyway, the industry says they're willing to work
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00094-00020143-00020364 with the new law, rather that secede and form the state
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00095-00020364-00020523 of North Frackistan or whatever.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00096-00020523-00020701 It's time to give up on the recall
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00097-00020701-00020983 against Rochelle Galindo please and thank you.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00098-00020983-00021218 Finally, a story out of my home county of Jefferson
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00099-00021218-00021476 last week that highlights why even when times are good,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00100-00021476-00021658 Colorado still can't have nice things.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00101-00021658-00021884 - Wilson! Wilson!
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00102-00021884-00022141 - The Jeffco Sheriff's Office is facing huge budget cuts
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00103-00022141-00022378 because the cost of public safety is growing much faster
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00104-00022378-00022638 than revenue, and because of a really dumb law passed
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00105-00022638-00022908 in 1992 known as TABOR, local governments don't
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00106-00022908-00023033 have the money to keep up.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00107-00023033-00023202 It's just another case of an idea that sounded
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00108-00023202-00023454 pretty good 25 years screwing us today.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00109-00023454-00023604 And someday we're gonna have to fix
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00110-00023604-00023754 this mistake once and for all.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00111-00023850-00024035 - What do we say to the god of death?
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00112-00024501-00024660 - Not today.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00113-00024660-00024818 - And that's a wrap for episode 14
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00114-00024818-00024983 of Last Week in Colorado Politics.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00115-00024983-00025205 The legislative session is almost over but we'll still
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00116-00025205-00025430 be producing regular updates, so stay tuned.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00117-00025430-00025578 Thanks again for watching, sharing,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00118-00025578-00025708 and commenting down below.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00119-00025708-00025964 Drop us a line and say hi on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram,
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00120-00025964-00026114 or tell us what you think in the comments.
gI9YVKZQ5Tc-00121-00026114-00026212 See ya next week.
gIf_0ib_ZoA-00000-00000000-00000200 Dk helping everyone youtube channel me aapka swagat hai. Aaj ham baat karenge bihar vidyalaya pariksha samiti dwara 
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gMRMvmtHqlk-00000-00000011-00000143 Rex Chisholm: Okay.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00001-00000143-00000334 This is our afternoon panel.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00002-00000334-00001138 It's a chance to follow up on things that have arisen out of today's discussion, and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00003-00001138-00001509 I thought maybe we would start just with a follow-up at the -- sort of the end of the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00004-00001509-00001753 last session.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00005-00001753-00002694 There was a lot of interest in the question of how could the physician/healthcare system
gMRMvmtHqlk-00006-00002694-00003714 be mobilized to help provide useful phenotypes that might be of value for both -- clinically,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00007-00003714-00004367 but also for thinking about expanding the quality of the phenotypes that we have in
gMRMvmtHqlk-00008-00004367-00004617 electronic health record.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00009-00004617-00005091 It seemed like there was a lot of people that had thoughts about that, but I don't know.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00010-00005091-00005343 Peter, that's sort of squarely in your space.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00011-00005343-00005682 Do you want to have a go at it?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00012-00005682-00006261 Peter Robinson: Okay, yeah, there's a lot more to say than
gMRMvmtHqlk-00013-00006261-00006380 I could in two minutes.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00014-00006380-00006947 I'd like to maybe pick on something -- pick up something that Melissa presented with the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00015-00006947-00007334 pheno packets.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00016-00007334-00008108 One thing that has been a terrible difficulty in our sphere is actually getting data from
gMRMvmtHqlk-00017-00008108-00008463 publications into databases.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00018-00008463-00008939 One of our goals with the pheno packets project is basically to provide an environment such
gMRMvmtHqlk-00019-00008939-00009430 that journals can say, "If you want to publish with us we want you to represent the phenotype
gMRMvmtHqlk-00020-00009430-00010332 and the genotype of your patients as a pheno packet and send it to a database," which could
gMRMvmtHqlk-00021-00010332-00011075 be ClinVar/ClinSeq, could be the Monarch database, it could be boutique databases if we're dealing
gMRMvmtHqlk-00022-00011075-00011468 with data that have more to do with the environment, let's say.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00023-00011468-00012176 Another beauty about this format is that it can also be used to improve lab diagnostics.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00024-00012176-00012621 I'm not entirely sure how things work here in the States, but in Germany we generally
gMRMvmtHqlk-00025-00012621-00013300 get some handwritten one-word indication that doesn't really help that much to narrow down
gMRMvmtHqlk-00026-00013300-00013746 the findings, and sometimes this even includes exome data words.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00027-00013746-00013947 It's kind of ridiculous.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00028-00013947-00014434 Essentially, we now have software that can automatically extract text from an electronic
gMRMvmtHqlk-00029-00014434-00014936 healthcare record, put it into a pheno packet, and send it to a lab.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00030-00014936-00015361 So we don't have a finished product, but we have all of the components that could be easily
gMRMvmtHqlk-00031-00015361-00015482 developed into that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00032-00015482-00015998 And it seems like there's a lot of things like that that could massively increase the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00033-00015998-00016520 amount of data that's being collected both from the healthcare process and the publishing
gMRMvmtHqlk-00034-00016520-00016919 process with phenotypic data.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00035-00016919-00017409 Maybe I'll stop there, but that, I think, is my most important thing I want to say.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00036-00017409-00017763 Rex Chisholm: Others on the panel want to add to that?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00037-00017763-00017863 Calum?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00038-00017863-00017963 Calum McRae: Sorry.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00039-00017963-00018129 I would second everything Peter said.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00040-00018129-00018715 I would add only a couple of things: one, that I believe in order to really get to the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00041-00018715-00019397 next stage, we need to begin to make probabilistic inferences, as has been said by many, including
gMRMvmtHqlk-00042-00019397-00019778 Les, during the course of the meeting, and in order to do that, I believe we need much
gMRMvmtHqlk-00043-00019778-00020083 more quantitative datasets.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00044-00020083-00020435 I think we're -- it's clear we're never going to be able to do that retrospectively, and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00045-00020435-00020983 we need to begin to think about how we organize the data in a quantitative fashion, standardize
gMRMvmtHqlk-00046-00020983-00021492 it across all clinical collections, because, to be honest, it's useful not just for genomicists
gMRMvmtHqlk-00047-00021492-00021694 but actually for all of medicine.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00048-00021694-00022240 The signal noise is increasingly something that people are noting and trying to develop.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00049-00022240-00022599 The learning health record; we talked about that during the course of the morning.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00050-00022599-00023185 If we can improve that in a systematic way it affects every project in biomedical science.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00051-00023185-00023667 And then the one other thing that I think came out during the course of the last two
gMRMvmtHqlk-00052-00023667-00024295 days, and I think Nancy sort of crystallized it quite nicely at the end, is thinking about
gMRMvmtHqlk-00053-00024295-00025085 some biological axes that could act as assay links between the clinical space and all the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00054-00025085-00025487 basic science space, something that would systematically tie that together in addition
gMRMvmtHqlk-00055-00025487-00026116 to ontologies, in addition to existing phenotypes, to allow us to just make more granular and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00056-00026116-00026588 rich the relationships between all of the datasets that we have access to.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00057-00026588-00026891 Peter Robinson: So there's really no reason why you cannot
gMRMvmtHqlk-00058-00026891-00027266 use ontologies to capture quantitative data.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00059-00027266-00027759 You could easily add this to the HPO or to many other ontologies.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00060-00027759-00028188 So I agree entirely.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00061-00028188-00028841 Another thing that I think is currently missing in the data landscape is common disease.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00062-00028841-00029220 We and many other groups now have computational models of rare disease.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00063-00029220-00029700 In our case, these are basically lists of HPO terms with minimal metadata.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00064-00029700-00030144 I -- this is not going to work at all for common disease, and I think as we move into
gMRMvmtHqlk-00065-00030144-00030755 projects such as the PMI -- I mean, well, just imagine you have a patient with sight
gMRMvmtHqlk-00066-00030755-00030961 problems and high blood sugar.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00067-00030961-00031312 Well, if both of these things occurred at the, you know -- if they were diagnosed at
gMRMvmtHqlk-00068-00031312-00031627 the age of 2 or 3 years, maybe it's Bardet-Biedl syndrome.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00069-00031627-00032058 But if the eye problems came 20 years after the sugar problem, well, maybe it's diabetes.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00070-00032058-00032471 Our algorithms now wouldn't know how to deal with that, and one of the things we're now
gMRMvmtHqlk-00071-00032471-00032908 engaging on is developing algorithms that would essentially provide you something like
gMRMvmtHqlk-00072-00032908-00033437 a, let's say, Bayesian prior to interpret data, and I think that's something which is
gMRMvmtHqlk-00073-00033437-00033605 going to be hopefully valuable.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00074-00033605-00033911 Calum MacRae: And I think a corollary of that that I didn't
gMRMvmtHqlk-00075-00033911-00034361 mention is, you know, we've heard the tension throughout the last two days between broad
gMRMvmtHqlk-00076-00034361-00034559 and deep.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00077-00034559-00035102 I think we tend to let things go from deep to broad randomly, and what we need to do
gMRMvmtHqlk-00078-00035102-00035624 is to make active choices about what are the phenotypes that go from deep to broad, and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00079-00035624-00035878 doing it in a way exactly as you outlined, Peter.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00080-00035878-00036005 Rex Chisholm: Erin?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00081-00036005-00036252 Erin Ramos: Yeah, I just wanted to follow up.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00082-00036252-00036477 I love all these ideas.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00083-00036477-00036956 Some of them are a bit more sophisticated and would take a little bit more effort to
gMRMvmtHqlk-00084-00036956-00037056 implement.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00085-00037056-00037618 But one thing I was thinking, when the clinician is submitting their form to the lab, what
gMRMvmtHqlk-00086-00037618-00038024 can we do just to capture a few additional phenotypes?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00087-00038024-00038552 So, the basic, you know, the reason for the testing; a few conditions that we know we
gMRMvmtHqlk-00088-00038552-00038884 can either have standard HPO terms, etc.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00089-00038884-00039284 I mean, this would -- I mean, paper or the electronic submission.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00090-00039284-00039384 Male Speaker: Not paper.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00091-00039384-00039522 Erin Ramos: I know, but I'm just trying to think.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00092-00039522-00039968 You know, there's a lot of groups out there -- so there's solutions there.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00093-00039968-00040797 But then, once the lab has that, there's dozens, hundreds -- Melissa might know -- of groups
gMRMvmtHqlk-00094-00040797-00041381 submitting to ClinVar, and they're submitting the variant, their assertion, and there's
gMRMvmtHqlk-00095-00041381-00041702 space for them to share some phenotypic information.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00096-00041702-00042122 So if they already have that, then when they submit to ClinVar they can submit that data
gMRMvmtHqlk-00097-00042122-00042233 right back to ClinVar.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00098-00042233-00042577 Rex Chisholm: Okay, Wendy, Bruce, and then Liz.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00099-00042577-00042981 Wendy Rubinstein: Well, to add to your point, I would take it
gMRMvmtHqlk-00100-00042981-00043486 another step farther, which is when an assertion is made by the lab, given looking at everything
gMRMvmtHqlk-00101-00043486-00044013 else in ClinVar and everything in the world they can find, they also tell the clinician,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00102-00044013-00044621 "Based on my calling this gene with a pathogenic variant, you should expect to see, you know,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00103-00044621-00044915 these clinical findings in the phenotype.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00104-00044915-00045065 Please go back; check it."
gMRMvmtHqlk-00105-00045065-00045488 And I think that's what Les has been calling -- what is it?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00106-00045488-00045715 Iterative or deeper phenotyping and so forth.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00107-00045715-00045952 And it's really just this feedback loop.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00108-00045952-00046655 I think that we -- if you look at what's in ClinVar -- I did a view -- there's been a
gMRMvmtHqlk-00109-00046655-00047224 lot of activity because of -- by the ClinGen labs to try to harmonize what they say because
gMRMvmtHqlk-00110-00047224-00047540 it's, you know, a bit of an embarrassment to say completely different things if you're
gMRMvmtHqlk-00111-00047540-00047980 -- and they can get so far when they're all looking at the same data and they share what
gMRMvmtHqlk-00112-00047980-00048191 the criteria there are.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00113-00048191-00049100 But, you know, the conflicts in ClinVar -- there are 17,000, and then if you start to think
gMRMvmtHqlk-00114-00049100-00049488 about them in terms of their importance and rank, there's a rank difference.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00115-00049488-00049883 Since I don't have a slide, there's my rank difference of five variants.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00116-00049883-00050355 I knew I'd have to do some hand-waving without slides.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00117-00050355-00050500 [laughter]
gMRMvmtHqlk-00118-00050500-00050808 And you know, one pathogenic to very likely, not so important.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00119-00050808-00050908 That's a rank one.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00120-00050908-00051475 A rank two is sort of what Bruce was talking about when he undiagnosed a patient from,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00121-00051475-00051825 you know, pathogenic and VUS.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00122-00051825-00052102 There's about 1 percent of those.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00123-00052102-00052916 There's about 2 percent -- I'm sorry, 1 percent of the four rank, 2 percent of the three rank,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00124-00052916-00053241 and then altogether about a quarter of those.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00125-00053241-00053974 And those are attractable if you're really talking about disorders that are very well-defined.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00126-00053974-00054324 So I'm not really talking about discovery and something that's in an exome and, you
gMRMvmtHqlk-00127-00054324-00054529 know, you're trying to decide about it.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00128-00054529-00055110 These are things that are attached to OMIM terms, HPO phenotypes.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00129-00055110-00055445 You know, you can go on MedGen and find a nice list of them.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00130-00055445-00056116 And all we really need are tools and incentivized clinicians, and not just, I believe, the geneticists,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00131-00056116-00056636 but what Cricket and others were talking about is really bringing everybody in, you know,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00132-00056636-00056989 to this, because it's -- you know, it's all the patients out there.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00133-00056989-00057146 Rex Chisholm: Bruce?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00134-00057146-00057510 Male Speaker: So we're here to talk about the -- sort of
gMRMvmtHqlk-00135-00057510-00058073 the clinical/laboratory/research gap, but it's, I think, clear to me that there's also
gMRMvmtHqlk-00136-00058073-00058377 a clinical/informatics gap.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00137-00058377-00058933 Very few clinicians, I would predict, could even define ontology or tell you what it even
gMRMvmtHqlk-00138-00058933-00059447 vaguely means, never mind would they know how to use one, and even in conferences I've
gMRMvmtHqlk-00139-00059447-00059852 been at where people have talked about these they make it sound like "oh, sure, it's easy,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00140-00059852-00060083 just go on and you can use this," and it's not easy.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00141-00060083-00060623 There are half a dozen different places you could go, and it's not anywhere close to user-friendly
gMRMvmtHqlk-00142-00060623-00061108 to a complete novice, which is what virtually all clinicians are.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00143-00061108-00061641 And I guess to follow on a point Marc made, I think the holy grail here is to create a
gMRMvmtHqlk-00144-00061641-00062395 system that is easy to use, that does not require any informatics sophistication, and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00145-00062395-00062979 is only done once and serves all purposes, meaning whether it's to feed information to
gMRMvmtHqlk-00146-00062979-00063537 the lab to which you're sending a test, or to document information for the medical record,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00147-00063537-00064076 or to share genomic information later when you either did or didn't find something.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00148-00064076-00064754 If this is made simple and natural it will be used, and if we use the word ontology to
gMRMvmtHqlk-00149-00064754-00064901 physicians it won't be.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00150-00064901-00065210 Calum MacRae: I was just going to echo what Bruce said,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00151-00065210-00065310 but go one step further.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00152-00065310-00065742 I think if it involves physicians at all it will not happen at the scale that we require
gMRMvmtHqlk-00153-00065742-00065856 it to occur.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00154-00065856-00066101 It has to be ambient and automated.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00155-00066101-00066472 It has to be built into the platform we use for the healthcare.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00156-00066472-00066818 It cannot be dependent on data entry from a provider.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00157-00066818-00067139 Rex Chisholm: Before we go to Liz, one of the things that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00158-00067139-00067769 we've done at our place is -- I think many of you are familiar with the PROMIS quality
gMRMvmtHqlk-00159-00067769-00068004 of life assessment tool.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00160-00068004-00068172 That was actually developed at Northwestern.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00161-00068172-00068755 We've now implemented that PROMIS quality of life assessment tool through the Epic patient
gMRMvmtHqlk-00162-00068755-00069432 portal and in particular for things like -- our first project was for people that are having
gMRMvmtHqlk-00163-00069432-00070091 joint replacements to be able to go in, provide, you know, regular feedback to the physician
gMRMvmtHqlk-00164-00070091-00070610 about quality of life, whether they're having problems, in a very structured kind of way.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00165-00070610-00071193 One could imagine you could roll out something very similar to that for somebody that is
gMRMvmtHqlk-00166-00071193-00071673 addressing a specific complaint that wants to come in to see the physician, and the beauty
gMRMvmtHqlk-00167-00071673-00072127 of that approach is that it's the participant providing the data.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00168-00072127-00072712 We can have probably a long debate about what the quality of the data that the participant
gMRMvmtHqlk-00169-00072712-00073138 provides, or the patient provides, might be, but actually, the physician usually listens
gMRMvmtHqlk-00170-00073138-00073461 to them at some point anyway.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00171-00073461-00073799 That seems like one interesting place to think about starting.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00172-00073799-00074022 Liz, I think you were next.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00173-00074022-00074443 Liz Worthey: Following along that topic, when the question
gMRMvmtHqlk-00174-00074443-00075063 is, what sort of data would you want to have collected from that patient to get a deeper
gMRMvmtHqlk-00175-00075063-00075422 phenotype, well, we can take some lessons from a medical geneticist does.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00176-00075422-00075697 You could do a system by system review.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00177-00075697-00075931 That's been refined over decades.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00178-00075931-00076167 I think it would be a good place to start.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00179-00076167-00076544 And then another point I was going to make was also to look into whether we can have
gMRMvmtHqlk-00180-00076544-00077105 patients provide some of that information before they get into the appointment, because
gMRMvmtHqlk-00181-00077105-00077205 that would help.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00182-00077205-00077664 It's not without problems, obviously, but it would be a savings in time for the practitioner
gMRMvmtHqlk-00183-00077664-00077786 when they see the patient.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00184-00077786-00078071 Rex Chisholm: I think one interesting challenge for me thinking
gMRMvmtHqlk-00185-00078071-00078750 about that, since we sort of got a questionnaire in process, is, how could we even go the next
gMRMvmtHqlk-00186-00078750-00079310 step of thinking about tailoring that for the particular reason the patient wants to
gMRMvmtHqlk-00187-00079310-00079570 come in and see their physician?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00188-00079570-00080045 That seems to me like a little bit of a daunting informatics problem, but would be worth thinking
gMRMvmtHqlk-00189-00080045-00080145 about.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00190-00080145-00080835 Jose Ordovas: You asked us to make a brief reflection of
gMRMvmtHqlk-00191-00080835-00081495 what we've heard -- and this is connected with the phenotypes -- and one word that I
gMRMvmtHqlk-00192-00081495-00082016 didn't hear, and maybe because of the title of the conference which is Benchside to Bedside
gMRMvmtHqlk-00193-00082016-00082816 rather than Benchside to, for example, Dining Table or Healthy Agent, is the word "prevention."
gMRMvmtHqlk-00194-00082816-00083143 That's something didn't come up.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00195-00083143-00083783 In terms of the phenotypes that -- are they -- well, at least, we said before the exosome
gMRMvmtHqlk-00196-00083783-00084379 that we should be collecting, and this is what I -- it's my area of interest, is in
gMRMvmtHqlk-00197-00084379-00084513 nutritional data.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00198-00084513-00085308 So I think collecting some kind of nutritional habits is important also as part of the record.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00199-00085308-00086125 This is not trivial, because it was -- there’s effort being placed in the pharmacogenomics.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00200-00086125-00086324 The nutritional component is also important.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00201-00086324-00087273 For example, one of our studies showed that the relevance of that; in other words, a randomized
gMRMvmtHqlk-00202-00087273-00087619 clinical dietary intervention study.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00203-00087619-00087913 It was 7,000 people; it was five years.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00204-00087913-00088593 People were free of cardiovascular diseases at entry, but based on our results we published,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00205-00088593-00089338 during those five years if the people that had the specific body and the fat gene [spelled
gMRMvmtHqlk-00206-00089338-00090091 phonetically] were receiving the proper diet for that gene, you were saving 44 cases of
gMRMvmtHqlk-00207-00090091-00090366 stroke.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00208-00090366-00090658 This is probably similar to what you find with some drugs.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00209-00090658-00091374 So if you extrapolate that to the strokes in the States, which is per year about 800,000,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00210-00091374-00092041 in theory you could reduce 10 percent of those strokes just by matching the nutritional habit
gMRMvmtHqlk-00211-00092041-00092286 of an individual with a specific genotype.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00212-00092286-00092924 So it's worth to consider that as part of that exosome, that integration of -omics and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00213-00092924-00093027 nutrition.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00214-00093027-00094020 Granted that we have a lot of problems generating objectives and tight information, but after
gMRMvmtHqlk-00215-00094020-00094663 listening for a couple of days here, the problem with just collecting the medical information
gMRMvmtHqlk-00216-00094663-00095108 in general, I don't think we are too much behind in terms of the problem.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00217-00095108-00095285 So I think we should consider.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00218-00095285-00096047 I have tried to convince Queen Erin to incorporate that as part of the databases, but we'll see
gMRMvmtHqlk-00219-00096047-00096192 if we are able to do it.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00220-00096192-00096292 Rex Chisholm: Barbara?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00221-00096292-00096533 Barbara Stranger: I just had a question about that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00222-00096533-00097218 In terms of self-reported nutritional information, how accurate, in your experience, is that?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00223-00097218-00097767 Jose Ordovas: Well, that has been probably the major Achilles
gMRMvmtHqlk-00224-00097767-00098274 heel, you know, that we have, the self-reported.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00225-00098274-00099157 For example, PhenX, which is also part of what Erin is doing, came out with a toolkit
gMRMvmtHqlk-00226-00099157-00099918 in order to minimize the subjectivity of the data collection, but we are not happy with
gMRMvmtHqlk-00227-00099918-00100989 that, I mean, considering the amount of technology that we have available now in terms of smartphones
gMRMvmtHqlk-00228-00100989-00101500 and so and so far, and everybody taking pictures of everything and putting it in their social
gMRMvmtHqlk-00229-00101500-00101600 media.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00230-00101600-00101770 You have to harness that information.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00231-00101770-00102532 It could really facilitate that -- or ameliorate the problem that we recognized we have.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00232-00102532-00102852 Rex Chisholm: Erin, I think you were next on the list, and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00233-00102852-00103063 then Marc.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00234-00103063-00103175 I guess I'm sorry, Queen Erin.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00235-00103175-00103275 [laughter]
gMRMvmtHqlk-00236-00103275-00103472 Erin Ramos: I'll take it.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00237-00103472-00103651 Rex Chisholm: Microphone?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00238-00103651-00104103 Erin Ramos: I can't remember my question now.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00239-00104103-00104203 [laughter]
gMRMvmtHqlk-00240-00104203-00104514 Just distracted by my new role.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00241-00104514-00104747 Rex Chisholm: Marc was next.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00242-00104747-00104894 Marc Williams: Yeah.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00243-00104894-00104994 Two comments.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00244-00104994-00105705 One is I think we frequently -- and this relates specifically to the accuracy of self-reported
gMRMvmtHqlk-00245-00105705-00106211 nutrition -- is that we frequently -- again, I think this is what Les was talking about,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00246-00106211-00106599 was the illusion of Nirvana.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00247-00106599-00107171 We say, "Well, it's bad information, and therefore it's worse than no information."
gMRMvmtHqlk-00248-00107171-00107691 I would argue that it probably is better than no information, and the same goes with family
gMRMvmtHqlk-00249-00107691-00108170 history where the pushback has been "well, we don't know whether this is accurate or
gMRMvmtHqlk-00250-00108170-00108270 not."
gMRMvmtHqlk-00251-00108270-00108620 Or I have this anecdote about how inaccurate it is, but the reality is, is that for many
gMRMvmtHqlk-00252-00108620-00109409 disorders, it's pretty darn good, so I would say that having the information, even in imperfect
gMRMvmtHqlk-00253-00109409-00109959 form, in a way that you could actually study is much better than not having it.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00254-00109959-00110726 The second point is to get back to the role of the patient participant in healthcare systems
gMRMvmtHqlk-00255-00110726-00111053 and their willingness to contribute.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00256-00111053-00111408 So Rex had mentioned the integration of PROMIS.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00257-00111408-00111923 We've done work with our rheumatoid arthritis patients that shows that they're willing to
gMRMvmtHqlk-00258-00111923-00112451 come in on every visit and fill out standardized questionnaires related to pain, activity,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00259-00112451-00112842 and that that can be combined with electronic health record and pharmacy data to give a
gMRMvmtHqlk-00260-00112842-00113382 heads-up display to both the clinician and the patient about disease activity over time
gMRMvmtHqlk-00261-00113382-00113833 based on patient-reported outcomes, which has high value to both the patient and the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00262-00113833-00113988 provider.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00263-00113988-00114388 So they're incented to contribute those types of data.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00264-00114388-00114903 The next step that we're looking at is how we can scale this across to all encounters.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00265-00114903-00115577 One of the really interesting pilots that we're beginning to do is the idea of expanding
gMRMvmtHqlk-00266-00115577-00116154 the open-note concept, which is one where patients can go in, review all their medical
gMRMvmtHqlk-00267-00116154-00116797 records, make comments to the providers about what they see there, to letting the patient
gMRMvmtHqlk-00268-00116797-00117342 start the note, that they start the visit before the visit with a "this is why I want
gMRMvmtHqlk-00269-00117342-00117780 to come to see the doctor; these are the specific things that I'm doing."
gMRMvmtHqlk-00270-00117780-00118303 And if we can, in fact, find engagement from patients to do this, and then the patient
gMRMvmtHqlk-00271-00118303-00118808 and the doctor co-write the note and co-sign the note, you could imagine on the front end
gMRMvmtHqlk-00272-00118808-00119364 of that, based on chief complaint and historical information, that you could push specific
gMRMvmtHqlk-00273-00119364-00119906 questionnaires to them around phenotypes and that related to the complaint, which the patients
gMRMvmtHqlk-00274-00119906-00120307 are highly likely to fill out because it's directly related to why they want to see the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00275-00120307-00120446 doctor in the first place.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00276-00120446-00121278 And so I think innovative approaches to how we time collecting the information can be
gMRMvmtHqlk-00277-00121278-00121514 -- is also worth exploration.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00278-00121514-00121781 Rex Chisholm: Was it a follow-up on Marc's comments or --
gMRMvmtHqlk-00279-00121781-00122077 Male Speaker: Yes, just to comment that this is not without
gMRMvmtHqlk-00280-00122077-00122459 precedent to allow patients to report in certain instances.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00281-00122459-00122861 There's data in the cancer field that patients reporting their drug toxicity from cancer
gMRMvmtHqlk-00282-00122861-00123285 drugs is much more comprehensive and accurate than the physician reporting it because the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00283-00123285-00123654 physician's seeing them once every three weeks or once every month, and they're not knowing
gMRMvmtHqlk-00284-00123654-00123896 all of what's happening in between.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00285-00123896-00124252 We used the patient-reported phenotype in one of our recent pharmacogenetic studies.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00286-00124252-00124449 Rex Chisholm: Melissa?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00287-00124449-00124741 Melissa Haendel: I think you're going to like what I'm going
gMRMvmtHqlk-00288-00124741-00124841 to say.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00289-00124841-00125521 We just finished translating the HPO into layperson-ese, so now patients can actually
gMRMvmtHqlk-00290-00125521-00126173 use the same informatics infrastructure that we've been using for the clinical data.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00291-00126173-00126708 And the nice thing about that is that it comes back to that contextual data interrogation
gMRMvmtHqlk-00292-00126708-00127299 idea as well, so as the patient's phenotyping we can use those phenotype profile comparisons
gMRMvmtHqlk-00293-00127299-00127420 to help inform.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00294-00127420-00127624 You know, "do you also have this phenotype?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00295-00127624-00127742 Do you also have this phenotype?"
gMRMvmtHqlk-00296-00127742-00128194 and actually do exactly what you just said and auto-generate what those next questions
gMRMvmtHqlk-00297-00128194-00128374 in the questionnaires should look like.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00298-00128374-00128953 We actually were going to apply this approach to the GenomeConnect survey to improve the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00299-00128953-00129344 survey, and have a PCORI proposal in right now to do exactly that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00300-00129344-00129633 Rex Chisholm: Do I understand correctly, then, what that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00301-00129633-00130274 tool would allow you to do is, you know, present a couple of starting questions and then adaptively,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00302-00130274-00130870 as you proceed, based on the results of those answers produce the follow-on questions so
gMRMvmtHqlk-00303-00130870-00131214 that they wouldn't have to know anything about the ontology that was underneath it?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00304-00131214-00131314 Melissa Haendel: Right.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00305-00131314-00131466 Rex Chisholm: They could just answer those kinds of questions.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00306-00131466-00131633 Melissa Haendel: Just does what [unintelligible] does.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00307-00131633-00131927 Peter Robinson: Just along those lines, we've also had collaborations
gMRMvmtHqlk-00308-00131927-00132498 with groups around the world in the GA4GH framework, and we have complete translations
gMRMvmtHqlk-00309-00132498-00133207 of the HPO into Spanish, Italian, a lot of Portuguese, a lot of Japanese, and the Chinese,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00310-00133207-00133747 the PGI, and various other groups are now translating it into Chinese.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00311-00133747-00134198 This is important because, for instance, the Japanese rare disease national effort is going
gMRMvmtHqlk-00312-00134198-00134754 to be using Japanese HPO, but since it's all a code, you can now really massively extend
gMRMvmtHqlk-00313-00134754-00135137 the amount of data that you have for matching.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00314-00135137-00135237 Rex Chisholm: Erin?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00315-00135237-00135560 Erin Ramos: This ties into what Melissa was saying about
gMRMvmtHqlk-00316-00135560-00136213 collaboration with GenomeConnect, because they have developed a health systems survey.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00317-00136213-00136707 So when the patient registers in GenomeConnect they are presented with sort of a body system
gMRMvmtHqlk-00318-00136707-00137224 survey that's relatively straightforward, and it captures all the different systems.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00319-00137224-00137728 Then from there -- and so it's great if we can automate and tie that back to the HPO,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00320-00137728-00138198 and they're developing sort of more surveys that would give a deeper dive into whatever
gMRMvmtHqlk-00321-00138198-00138501 particular organ system or issue that they're having.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00322-00138501-00138989 So it is that sort of iterative process of getting deeper information, and they seem
gMRMvmtHqlk-00323-00138989-00139279 very willing to do that deep dive.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00324-00139279-00139689 And then my last comment is I think there's, you know -- the direct-to-consumer companies
gMRMvmtHqlk-00325-00139689-00140283 like 23andMe, they've had quite a bit of success with pushing out those sort of short surveys
gMRMvmtHqlk-00326-00140283-00140877 to their consumers, and they seem very willing to do that if they do it at the right interval
gMRMvmtHqlk-00327-00140877-00141188 without asking for too much information at any one time.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00328-00141188-00141597 Calum MacRae: I was just going to add, along the lines of
gMRMvmtHqlk-00329-00141597-00142085 Erin's comment, that it might also be worth thinking about propagating those questions
gMRMvmtHqlk-00330-00142085-00142688 based not just on existing rare diseases but also on biological processes that have -- that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00331-00142688-00142836 are known to be affected.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00332-00142836-00143328 So you could actually have orthogonal axes of secondary questions, some of which are
gMRMvmtHqlk-00333-00143328-00143916 based on traditional syndromic clustering and some of which are based on fundamental
gMRMvmtHqlk-00334-00143916-00144016 biology.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00335-00144016-00144275 Rex Chisholm: And those might align nicely with the kind
gMRMvmtHqlk-00336-00144275-00144764 of axes that we heard about this morning from Nancy.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00337-00144764-00144864 Yeah.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00338-00144864-00144974 All right.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00339-00144974-00145707 I want to then shift to another topic we've discussed quite a bit, and see if we can get
gMRMvmtHqlk-00340-00145707-00145849 to some conclusions.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00341-00145849-00146327 One of the things that's seemed apparent, to me at least, through our discussions, especially
gMRMvmtHqlk-00342-00146327-00147275 this morning, is that there's still a disconnect between what fantastic tools and ontologies
gMRMvmtHqlk-00343-00147275-00148030 and databases have been developed on the basic side, and the fact that we think most clinicians
gMRMvmtHqlk-00344-00148030-00148348 probably don't really know anything about them.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00345-00148348-00148810 So I think it'd be useful to have some discussions about what can we do to fix that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00346-00148810-00149446 What -- you know, is it as simple as NHGRI putting up a centralized webpage that points
gMRMvmtHqlk-00347-00149446-00149745 everybody to something, or is there something more sophisticated?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00348-00149745-00150074 I know Melissa will have something to say about that, but Wendy?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00349-00150074-00150563 Wendy Rubinstein: I'm going to maybe take a little umbrage at
gMRMvmtHqlk-00350-00150563-00151108 -- this is going to be dangerous -- something Calum said, which is the idea that clinicians
gMRMvmtHqlk-00351-00151108-00151370 can't enter and -- well, maybe I'm misspeaking.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00352-00151370-00151535 Calum MacRae: I'm not saying they can't, they just don't
gMRMvmtHqlk-00353-00151535-00151635 have time to.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00354-00151635-00151735 Wendy Rubinstein: They just won't.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00355-00151735-00151835 Calum MacRae: They don't have time to.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00356-00151835-00151935 Wendy Rubinstein: They won't, and -- okay.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00357-00151935-00152035 Okay, so --
gMRMvmtHqlk-00358-00152035-00152135 Calum MacRae: I spent two years trying to get a minimal
gMRMvmtHqlk-00359-00152135-00152592 clinical dataset in an enormous implementation at the Harvard hospitals, and the final reason
gMRMvmtHqlk-00360-00152592-00152801 for not doing it was there is no time in --
gMRMvmtHqlk-00361-00152801-00153029 Wendy Rubinstein: I don't disagree with that at all.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00362-00153029-00153129 Okay.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00363-00153129-00153424 But I don’t think that's the end of it.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00364-00153424-00153524 Okay?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00365-00153524-00153926 I think that it means going to clinicians and saying, "What matters to you?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00366-00153926-00154559 Does it matter to you if this is part of your workflow for ordering a genetic test?”
gMRMvmtHqlk-00367-00154559-00155237 And the payers say, “This is one of the points that you have to do, and there'll be
gMRMvmtHqlk-00368-00155237-00155828 an insurance product that is an automatic yes for your patient, and you don't have to
gMRMvmtHqlk-00369-00155828-00156358 go asking around and making sure that it's authorized, and you can use it in real time.”
gMRMvmtHqlk-00370-00156358-00156458 Okay?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00371-00156458-00156587 So that's one thing.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00372-00156587-00157251 I also believe that clinicians can enter this kind of information because they do, for example,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00373-00157251-00157441 for ICD-10 codes.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00374-00157441-00158063 Okay, and so about three weeks ago, I visited an organization called Intelligent Medical
gMRMvmtHqlk-00375-00158063-00158163 Objects, IMO.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00376-00158163-00158378 I know Marc is aware of them.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00377-00158378-00158747 They work closely with Epic and lots of EHRs.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00378-00158747-00159412 You know, they have figured out the coding systems, but they haven't yet gotten interested
gMRMvmtHqlk-00379-00159412-00159922 in the granular genetic data that we care about.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00380-00159922-00160537 But they are able to do things like embed in what looks like Epic to the clinician,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00381-00160537-00160895 just clicking four things, and then they get to the code that they need.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00382-00160895-00161490 So it just -- you know, don't call it ontology, you know, just, you know, make it part of
gMRMvmtHqlk-00383-00161490-00161590 their flow.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00384-00161590-00161690 Calum MacRae: I could not agree more.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00385-00161690-00162027 I think it would be perfect were that feasible, but I can give you one concrete example.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00386-00162027-00162698 There is a seven-point ICD classifier for diabetes that was introduced in Epic at Brigham
gMRMvmtHqlk-00387-00162698-00162837 and Women's in July.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00388-00162837-00163338 The instance of diabetes has fallen by 15 percent because people basically will not
gMRMvmtHqlk-00389-00163338-00163438 fill it out.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00390-00163438-00163807 It's better not to put it in the record than it is to click eight things to get to the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00391-00163807-00163907 next step.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00392-00163907-00164065 Wendy Rubinstein: So it's not going to be easy.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00393-00164065-00164311 Rex Chisholm: Okay, Melissa, and then -- go ahead.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00394-00164311-00164665 Melissa Haendel: Okay, I have a couple things.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00395-00164665-00165275 First is that even though I use the O word here, usually, as an ontologist, we -- if
gMRMvmtHqlk-00396-00165275-00165567 we're doing our jobs right no one ever knows we were there.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00397-00165567-00165949 We're like the little blue men in the Twilight Zone, okay?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00398-00165949-00166052 [laughter]
gMRMvmtHqlk-00399-00166052-00166539 So I think it's really important -- one of the things we talked about at the Linking
gMRMvmtHqlk-00400-00166539-00167089 Animal Models to Diseases workshop that Rex was at and a few of you were at last fall
gMRMvmtHqlk-00401-00167089-00167657 was that, you know, an idea of embedding a data science informaticist person into the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00402-00167657-00167925 clinic as we learn to build these tools.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00403-00167925-00168252 There's a deep need to build innovative tools that are easy and fast.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00404-00168252-00168432 We've gotten some start on a few of them.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00405-00168432-00168963 Our group has one, but there are many others to, you know, do text-mining, many different
gMRMvmtHqlk-00406-00168963-00169434 types of algorithms, but what we don't have is we don't have the high quality innovative
gMRMvmtHqlk-00407-00169434-00169955 user interfaces that make it easy and also have that feedback that shows the clinician
gMRMvmtHqlk-00408-00169955-00170240 that they, you know, are doing something useful.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00409-00170240-00170476 Otherwise, it feels like menial tasks, right?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00410-00170476-00171103 The one thing that happened in the early part of the UDP that was so amazing was that we
gMRMvmtHqlk-00411-00171103-00171502 -- you know, they asked us, "Well, how are we going to know if we've done enough phenotyping?"
gMRMvmtHqlk-00412-00171502-00171734 and we said, "Well, actually, we don't know the answer to that."
gMRMvmtHqlk-00413-00171734-00172252 So we did a bunch of informatics and developed a rubric that essentially queries our system
gMRMvmtHqlk-00414-00172252-00172757 and does that phenotype comparison, and then we implemented a five-star system that's just
gMRMvmtHqlk-00415-00172757-00173260 -- it's a scale of zero to one that says, you know, "this is the meaning of the phenotypes
gMRMvmtHqlk-00416-00173260-00173363 that you're giving us."
gMRMvmtHqlk-00417-00173363-00173702 And as soon as we implemented that our phenotyping went way up.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00418-00173702-00174136 I mean, it was amazing what just a simple five-star system could do, because all of
gMRMvmtHqlk-00419-00174136-00174488 a sudden people were knowing that they were doing something useful that was going to maybe
gMRMvmtHqlk-00420-00174488-00174588 help with the analysis.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00421-00174588-00175042 Now, there are special populations of clinicians that are very dedicated, but even before then
gMRMvmtHqlk-00422-00175042-00175245 we were getting not very good data [laughs].
gMRMvmtHqlk-00423-00175245-00175738 So, you know, think about if we could innovate on something that -- take that five-star system
gMRMvmtHqlk-00424-00175738-00176128 and actually have quality -- get the gamers involved, you know, that kind of thing.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00425-00176128-00176228 That's what we need to do.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00426-00176228-00176420 Rex Chisholm: Yeah, social media's been very effective at
gMRMvmtHqlk-00427-00176420-00176520 that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00428-00176520-00176771 Just give everybody a badge and they will fill stuff out more.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00429-00176771-00176871 Go ahead.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00430-00176871-00176971 Female Speaker: Hi.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00431-00176971-00177071 Karen from CELL.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00432-00177071-00177535 I was wondering if there's a way to sort of -- this is pertaining to Rex's question he
gMRMvmtHqlk-00433-00177535-00178182 had just posed before -- to systematize the kind of encounter that Monte spoke about at
gMRMvmtHqlk-00434-00178182-00178613 the poster at the meeting, and, you know, what Doug said he kind of learned here being
gMRMvmtHqlk-00435-00178613-00179369 at the meeting with -- you know, almost with the social media idea, like a matchmaking
gMRMvmtHqlk-00436-00179369-00179478 system in some way.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00437-00179478-00180033 Like, I'm envisioning either a meeting or an online system where, you know, there's
gMRMvmtHqlk-00438-00180033-00180533 clinicians who have a set of problems and they enter to say “I want to find a match
gMRMvmtHqlk-00439-00180533-00180947 with a basic scientist,” and there's some level of curation where it's, like, okay,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00440-00180947-00181119 this is a widespread problem, you know.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00441-00181119-00181335 It's not just this one physician who wants this.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00442-00181335-00181947 And then, on the other side, it's these basic researchers who really want to use their systems
gMRMvmtHqlk-00443-00181947-00182536 that they've built to contribute to a translatable clinical problems, and there's some level
gMRMvmtHqlk-00444-00182536-00183014 of evaluation/curation; they have a robust pipeline built up.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00445-00183014-00183282 And then there's sort of “I can do this phenotype.”
gMRMvmtHqlk-00446-00183282-00183445 “I want this phenotype” and so forth.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00447-00183445-00183899 And you kind of -- I mean, ideally it would even be incentivized a little bit with a small
gMRMvmtHqlk-00448-00183899-00184072 amount of seed money for doing that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00449-00184072-00184763 And that would be a way to sort of -- on important problems, curate a set of important problems,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00450-00184763-00185220 bring together these two communities that otherwise don't, it seems, have a really effective
gMRMvmtHqlk-00451-00185220-00185539 way to interact other than random posters and so forth.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00452-00185539-00185898 Rex Chisholm: Well, what would be -- what would drive the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00453-00185898-00186126 clinicians to that site?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00454-00186126-00186226 What would be the incentive?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00455-00186226-00186440 What would they get back from that?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00456-00186440-00186860 Female Speaker: Excuse me.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00457-00186860-00187252 A physician would be better poised to answer that for me.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00458-00187252-00187914 I mean, it sounded, at least from Monte's story, that, you know, the physician was very
gMRMvmtHqlk-00459-00187914-00188600 eager to be able to see if their variant had a phenotype in the zebrafish.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00460-00188600-00189256 I can imagine that there are physicians who are sitting on a bunch of the U.S.'s who would
gMRMvmtHqlk-00461-00189256-00189875 like to -- if it's -- yeah -- I mean, it depends on the attitude.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00462-00189875-00190361 If it's, you know, everyone sitting in Howard's conference who said "I don't care what it
gMRMvmtHqlk-00463-00190361-00190703 looks like", then there probably is no incentive, but if there's a different attitude that "I
gMRMvmtHqlk-00464-00190703-00191190 could really get some functional information that would help me decide on treatment that's
gMRMvmtHqlk-00465-00191190-00191870 actionable, treatable, whatever, and common", then maybe there's the incentive.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00466-00191870-00192199 Calum MacRae: I think that's an excellent idea.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00467-00192199-00192525 We've done this in two settings, one in the undiagnosed diseases network.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00468-00192525-00192737 That's been something that has happened.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00469-00192737-00193414 And certainly Monte and Hugo Bellen, who run the Model Organism Core, have been very receptive
gMRMvmtHqlk-00470-00193414-00193912 to having variants sent to them by the clinicians, and then we've crowdsourced internally, which
gMRMvmtHqlk-00471-00193912-00194353 is difficult because of HIPAA to do it more broadly, because if you have more than a certain
gMRMvmtHqlk-00472-00194353-00194677 number of variants you can almost immediately identify the individual.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00473-00194677-00195362 But you can do that within the Harvard system to try and match patients and their variants
gMRMvmtHqlk-00474-00195362-00195765 with a basic scientist who has an interest in that space.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00475-00195765-00196159 Peter Robinson: Yeah, I mean, I think part of it is what is
gMRMvmtHqlk-00476-00196159-00196346 the motivation for your daily work?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00477-00196346-00196844 In the German setting, we can do exomes on kids who failed basically everything, everything,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00478-00196844-00197383 everything else, and we did an initial study where we got about 30 and now 35 percent of
gMRMvmtHqlk-00479-00197383-00197638 the diagnoses in known genes.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00480-00197638-00197909 The clinicians -- first they said, "This is like pulling teeth; I hate this!"
gMRMvmtHqlk-00481-00197909-00198273 but after about a couple of weeks, they kind of -- they started talking about HPO terms
gMRMvmtHqlk-00482-00198273-00198467 and it was all fine.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00483-00198467-00198975 And I think as we move out to precision medicine, right now there are relatively few areas where
gMRMvmtHqlk-00484-00198975-00199589 there's an obvious utility for your daily work, but I think we should start to emphasize
gMRMvmtHqlk-00485-00199589-00200061 those areas where today there is something -- maybe pharmacogenomics; a few indications
gMRMvmtHqlk-00486-00200061-00200202 -- and just build out from that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00487-00200202-00200655 Because once clinicians see this is useful, they'll do it, and if it's still research,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00488-00200655-00201033 like if, you know -- I'm sorry, but if it's “let's look at a zebrafish,” I don't really
gMRMvmtHqlk-00489-00201033-00201391 see this happening that often given the time pressures that clinicians have.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00490-00201391-00201548 Rex Chisholm: Wendy?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00491-00201548-00201825 Wendy Rubinstein: You know, just also building the case for,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00492-00201825-00202464 you know, what's in it for me as a clinician, these terms -- HPO terms and so forth -- there's
gMRMvmtHqlk-00493-00202464-00202942 software that's been developed by UpToDate where, you know, you put in a few terms and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00494-00202942-00203159 it makes a note for you.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00495-00203159-00203634 And of course everybody's going to love that; the only problem is that, you know, we want
gMRMvmtHqlk-00496-00203634-00204294 terms that match to IDs and concepts, and are computable.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00497-00204294-00204801 But it tells you that's another place where it would be helpful for the clinician, and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00498-00204801-00204919 I think it's very doable.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00499-00204919-00205280 Calum MacRae: I'd just extend that one step further again.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00500-00205280-00205682 It's -- I think what we want are concepts that are biological, and that's the fundamental
gMRMvmtHqlk-00501-00205682-00206352 problem with a lot of the physician-driven strategies for documentation, is they're not
gMRMvmtHqlk-00502-00206352-00206541 actually based on biology.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00503-00206541-00206741 They're based often on therapy or reimbursement.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00504-00206741-00206841 Wendy Rubinstein: Oh, yeah.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00505-00206841-00207273 Calum MacRae: And so reorienting the entire ship in the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00506-00207273-00207657 direction of biology is actually a major undertaking, and one of the reasons why I think it will
gMRMvmtHqlk-00507-00207657-00207891 be intrinsically difficult.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00508-00207891-00207991 But I do agree with you.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00509-00207991-00208662 I think finding ways in which it becomes obvious that that actually has tremendous added value
gMRMvmtHqlk-00510-00208662-00209004 is -- are the steps that we have to take.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00511-00209004-00209569 Wendy Rubinstein: I think that one of the issues is that every
gMRMvmtHqlk-00512-00209569-00210219 place probably has their own reasons why this might not work, or different issues.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00513-00210219-00210836 We would like to get phenotypic terms or an ontology into Epic, and we were told, "Oh,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00514-00210836-00211117 that's a three- to five- year wait."
gMRMvmtHqlk-00515-00211117-00211835 I do agree that unless the clinician has some -- I don't know -- incentive -- but if you
gMRMvmtHqlk-00516-00211835-00212339 can't close your chart without filling this out, they'll do it, but other than that, you
gMRMvmtHqlk-00517-00212339-00212503 know, I think every place is different.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00518-00212503-00212963 At our place, if they have to do more work to get a genetic test, then everyone gets
gMRMvmtHqlk-00519-00212963-00213080 referred to genetics.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00520-00213080-00213309 Now it's only about 70 percent.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00521-00213309-00214003 And I think that it's -- they're pushing patients, most of the other subspecialties, and that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00522-00214003-00214444 unless they have to do it, they're probably not going to.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00523-00214444-00215085 Now, if you just want the geneticist, then maybe CME and doing -- eventually getting
gMRMvmtHqlk-00524-00215085-00215310 the terms in there -- we might do it.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00525-00215310-00215780 And I hope -- one of the reasons this whole education thing with Cricket is to get the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00526-00215780-00215915 other people excited.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00527-00215915-00216303 If you teach them why it helps, then maybe they will be willing more.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00528-00216303-00216771 But I think there's no one fix for all, because everybody's got different issues, I think.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00529-00216771-00217229 Rex Chisholm: I'll just comment that I think it's not necessarily
gMRMvmtHqlk-00530-00217229-00217423 as bad as a three- to five-year wait.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00531-00217423-00217958 Actually, we, in the context of eMERGE and the eMERGE pharmacogenomics project, did a
gMRMvmtHqlk-00532-00217958-00218517 collaboration with IMO where we actually put -- were able to put in pharmacogenomic terms
gMRMvmtHqlk-00533-00218517-00219326 that IMO will then be able to push out to anybody that uses Epic and has an IMO contract
gMRMvmtHqlk-00534-00219326-00219426 or service.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00535-00219426-00219765 So I think there is hope for doing some of that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00536-00219765-00220084 Wendy Rubinstein: That was our institution comment, so I don’t
gMRMvmtHqlk-00537-00220084-00220576 know -- you know, there's getting into Epic and then your institution.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00538-00220576-00220721 Hopefully there could be some leeway there.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00539-00220721-00221075 But it wasn't going to be a quick fix, at least when we talked to them.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00540-00221075-00221364 Rex Chisholm: I have Bruce next, but if this is a response
gMRMvmtHqlk-00541-00221364-00221464 to this --
gMRMvmtHqlk-00542-00221464-00221721 Male Speaker: Yeah, I think that what you're pointing out,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00543-00221721-00222144 Rex, is that it helps to know people in high places.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00544-00222144-00222746 I think one of the things, as we discussed facilitation of this issue, is to identify
gMRMvmtHqlk-00545-00222746-00223389 who are the people that hold, you know, control of certain standards that, if we can get involved
gMRMvmtHqlk-00546-00223389-00223923 in their thing, it will just go into the electronic health records without us having to deal with
gMRMvmtHqlk-00547-00223923-00224048 a Cerner or an Epic.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00548-00224048-00224326 IMO is a great example of that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00549-00224326-00225006 LOINC for laboratory codes is the CPIC group has -- when we developed our standardized
gMRMvmtHqlk-00550-00225006-00225482 nomenclature we immediately went to LOINC and had them create LOINC codes that could
gMRMvmtHqlk-00551-00225482-00225878 then immediately be used, and those were already compatible with HL7 [spelled phonetically]
gMRMvmtHqlk-00552-00225878-00226031 and all the other sort of stuff.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00553-00226031-00226594 And so if we can identify the key points of contact in those standard organizations like
gMRMvmtHqlk-00554-00226594-00227439 the HL7 genomic working group, et cetera, as we come up with ideas we can in some ways
gMRMvmtHqlk-00555-00227439-00227983 engage them, and I think this is where DIGITizE has had some success, is by having those folks
gMRMvmtHqlk-00556-00227983-00228542 around the table to really lower the barriers to trying to get these things moving forward,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00557-00228542-00228871 because we can kind of end-run what is otherwise a huge bureaucracy.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00558-00228871-00229369 Rex Chisholm: I realize there's a tension between trying
gMRMvmtHqlk-00559-00229369-00229884 to make it possible for any clinician to order genetic tests, but then, especially if they're
gMRMvmtHqlk-00560-00229884-00230355 not well-trained in this area, there'll be a limited tolerance for putting in data.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00561-00230355-00230773 On the other side, having medical geneticists do it -- they probably would be motivated
gMRMvmtHqlk-00562-00230773-00230973 if they were -- if it were made reasonably easy.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00563-00230973-00231537 There is a middle ground, actually, and that is exemplified at our institution.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00564-00231537-00232192 Our hospital became distressed as they started seeing the vast volume of neurogenetic tests
gMRMvmtHqlk-00565-00232192-00232723 ordered by the neurologists, which was costing a lot of money, and there was question, actually,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00566-00232723-00233019 as to whether the testing was always indicated.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00567-00233019-00233651 They volunteered -- well, after some discussion, they agreed to pay the salary of a genetic
gMRMvmtHqlk-00568-00233651-00234346 counselor who is on call and intermediates on all their genetic testing that the neurologists
gMRMvmtHqlk-00569-00234346-00234917 send, does all the kind of legwork to make sure the test is appropriately ordered, all
gMRMvmtHqlk-00570-00234917-00235442 the requisite information is provided, all the billing is appropriately arranged.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00571-00235442-00235759 And you know, that kind of thing actually has been a win/win for everybody.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00572-00235759-00236194 The neurologists are happy because somebody takes the time to do it well; the counselors
gMRMvmtHqlk-00573-00236194-00236717 enjoy it; the hospital actually has seen a reduction in the volume of send-outs, and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00574-00236717-00237106 therefore, they feel they're saving money; and I would argue that the quality of care
gMRMvmtHqlk-00575-00237106-00237253 has gone up measurably.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00576-00237253-00237786 So I think there are ways of doing this so it's widely available, but still there's somebody
gMRMvmtHqlk-00577-00237786-00238213 who knows what they're doing serving as an intermediary.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00578-00238213-00238665 Calum MacRae: Okay, I'd say I think that's an excellent
gMRMvmtHqlk-00579-00238665-00238765 intermediate step.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00580-00238765-00239273 I think the difficulty is if you think about how we do that for a genome and the scale
gMRMvmtHqlk-00581-00239273-00239852 of data that we would need to collect in order to be able to annotate genomes that, you know
gMRMvmtHqlk-00582-00239852-00240055 -- at enormous scale, that's never going to work.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00583-00240055-00240208 Rex Chisholm: We do that all the time, though.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00584-00240208-00240423 I don't find it to be that cumbersome, actually.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00585-00240423-00240779 Calum MacRae: But how many people are you seeing a year
gMRMvmtHqlk-00586-00240779-00240879 in that program?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00587-00240879-00241119 Rex Chisholm: Not a -- it's not thousands if that's what
gMRMvmtHqlk-00588-00241119-00241219 you're asking.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00589-00241219-00241391 Calum MacRae: I mean -- because I think that's the only
gMRMvmtHqlk-00590-00241391-00241998 problem I have with a lot of what we think about this physician-intermediated, is that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00591-00241998-00242552 it will not happen on a scale that will work, for example, with Daniel's projects.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00592-00242552-00242996 It won't work on a scale that looks at even one gene-gene interaction.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00593-00242996-00243560 And then we start to think about gene environment, and the scale of data that we need is, you
gMRMvmtHqlk-00594-00243560-00244053 know, several orders of magnitude larger than every counselor on the planet could generate
gMRMvmtHqlk-00595-00244053-00244153 in their lifetime.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00596-00244153-00244307 Rex Chisholm: That may be true now.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00597-00244307-00244881 I guess I would first argue that we're not at a point where we're able to pay for thousands
gMRMvmtHqlk-00598-00244881-00245106 of genomes, never mind do them.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00599-00245106-00245626 I think with the volumes that we currently are likely to have, this is a pretty workable
gMRMvmtHqlk-00600-00245626-00246298 solution and could pave the way towards much larger scaling over at least, you know, the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00601-00246298-00246400 next few years.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00602-00246400-00246500 Melissa?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00603-00246500-00246871 Melissa Haendel: Just a couple more follow-on points to that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00604-00246871-00247446 You know, I think we've seen some successes like this one, but also, you know, where it's
gMRMvmtHqlk-00605-00247446-00248054 either clinical geneticist or, you know, informaticist or data scientist that's coming into specialized
gMRMvmtHqlk-00606-00248054-00248377 clinics and really helping in these small circumstances.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00607-00248377-00248721 And the partnerships around those things are really fantastic.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00608-00248721-00249206 It really is a deep collaboration, and I really have myself enjoyed the experience that I've
gMRMvmtHqlk-00609-00249206-00249306 had.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00610-00249306-00249812 I think that we need to help more clinical geneticists understand more about data science
gMRMvmtHqlk-00611-00249812-00250115 so we can turn them into emissaries.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00612-00250115-00250480 Not all clinical geneticists are created alike in terms of what they know about the whole
gMRMvmtHqlk-00613-00250480-00250580 landscape.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00614-00250580-00251125 If we're going to bring the utility of the model data to the clinic, they need some help
gMRMvmtHqlk-00615-00251125-00251225 there.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00616-00251225-00251325 So I think there's an opportunity there.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00617-00251325-00251790 And then it comes back to, you know, if we have these smaller pilot kinds of examples
gMRMvmtHqlk-00618-00251790-00252337 where we have these settings that, you know, we're integrating clinical geneticists and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00619-00252337-00252723 data scientists together into these settings, that's where we can really innovate these
gMRMvmtHqlk-00620-00252723-00253109 tools that can be evolved into much larger scale settings.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00621-00253109-00253459 We have to learn from those little collaborations in order to build those tools.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00622-00253459-00253735 We don't know really what they should look like yet.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00623-00253735-00254332 Rex Chisholm: We heard -- just to maybe expand a little
gMRMvmtHqlk-00624-00254332-00255069 bit off of that -- we heard a lot this morning about the flip side to this, which was amazing
gMRMvmtHqlk-00625-00255069-00255604 -- and yesterday as well -- amazing tools that are sort of genome-wide that are giving
gMRMvmtHqlk-00626-00255604-00256390 us collections of variants and changes in proteins and how they're likely to function
gMRMvmtHqlk-00627-00256390-00257019 that will, I think, make a big difference in terms of our ability to annotate.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00628-00257019-00257675 But you know -- and maybe you or Daniel might want to talk about this -- but you know, what
gMRMvmtHqlk-00629-00257675-00258350 could we do sort of from the clinician's side to push things more that would help you better
gMRMvmtHqlk-00630-00258350-00258976 be able to fill out your systems -- and Nancy, that might apply to your work as well -- in
gMRMvmtHqlk-00631-00258976-00259385 terms of, you know, pointing you towards specific variants.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00632-00259385-00259914 You know, your systems -- what -- for example, what percentages of the genes are you going
gMRMvmtHqlk-00633-00259914-00260273 to be able to cover, and what's that gap going to look?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00634-00260273-00260731 What percentage of the proteins whose variants you're going to be able to analyze?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00635-00260731-00261523 What's left, and is there a role for the clinical side to help you fill out your collections
gMRMvmtHqlk-00636-00261523-00261839 so that they're more usable for everybody?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00637-00261839-00262469 Male Speaker: Yeah, I mean, I think -- oops.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00638-00262469-00263324 I tried to make a plea, right, that in terms of helping us understand or -- I mean, the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00639-00263324-00263856 whole experimental community, I guess, understand what's really needed in terms of, you know
gMRMvmtHqlk-00640-00263856-00264456 -- like what -- on what genes can we take action and, you know, which ones should we
gMRMvmtHqlk-00641-00264456-00264560 stay away from?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00642-00264560-00264917 I mean, we -- you know, because they're just not going to be so useful.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00643-00264917-00265218 That's really -- that's the most critical thing that could be provided.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00644-00265218-00265659 I mean, we can pretty easily say, "Okay, these are the ones we can do reasonably and these
gMRMvmtHqlk-00645-00265659-00266074 are how many we can do," so then the question is, given those resources, like, how to best
gMRMvmtHqlk-00646-00266074-00266232 invest them, right, for maximum impact.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00647-00266232-00266332 That's --
gMRMvmtHqlk-00648-00266332-00266530 Rex Chisholm: So, for example, it occurs to me, like, a
gMRMvmtHqlk-00649-00266530-00267060 list -- and maybe this is a crazy idea -- but a list of things that are likely to be embryonic-lethals
gMRMvmtHqlk-00650-00267060-00267491 might be things you'd not want to worry so much about VUSs on, right?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00651-00267491-00267591 I don’t know.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00652-00267591-00268145 But maybe if it was something where there was more likely to be a gene we didn't have
gMRMvmtHqlk-00653-00268145-00268492 any idea what its function was, but didn't think it was likely to be embryonic-lethal,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00654-00268492-00268847 would that make it higher on the list for a target?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00655-00268847-00269326 Daniel MacArthur: I mean, I think, there are definitely some
gMRMvmtHqlk-00656-00269326-00269739 genes where we think lots of function mutations are likely to be embryo-lethal, but that said,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00657-00269739-00270142 if you found a VUS within that same gene that could be a hypermorphic allele, for instance,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00658-00270142-00270654 that could easily be the cause of some other, you know, less -- non-embryonic-lethal but
gMRMvmtHqlk-00659-00270654-00270828 still very important disease.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00660-00270828-00271020 So those are definitely still worth going after.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00661-00271020-00271397 That said, I think that that list of very highly loss-of-function depleted genes that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00662-00271397-00271771 I talked about yesterday -- there's, you know, two and a half thousand to 3,000 genes where
gMRMvmtHqlk-00663-00271771-00272178 it's clear that although we don't know what the phenotype is or exactly how severe that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00664-00272178-00272817 phenotype is, we're quite confident that truncating mutations in those genes do cause some selected
gMRMvmtHqlk-00665-00272817-00272967 against phenotype.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00666-00272967-00273253 That seems like a set of genes that would be extremely useful to go after.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00667-00273253-00273617 And again, as I said, 75 percent of those we actually have no idea what the clinical
gMRMvmtHqlk-00668-00273617-00273717 phenotype is.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00669-00273717-00273857 In some cases, it would be embryonic lethality.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00670-00273857-00274187 That's a good estimate for some of them, but for many of those genes, there clearly is
gMRMvmtHqlk-00671-00274187-00274693 some clinical or even maybe subclinical phenotype that we just haven't spotted yet, and it would
gMRMvmtHqlk-00672-00274693-00274965 be great to fully understand those genes.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00673-00274965-00275524 Jose Ordovas: Continuing on what you say of the phenotypes,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00674-00275524-00276142 something that -- it was mentioned yesterday and could fill up some of the gap is something
gMRMvmtHqlk-00675-00276142-00276739 seen for -- especially for metabolic diseases, something similar to what is used in cardiology:
gMRMvmtHqlk-00676-00276739-00276896 the stress test.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00677-00276896-00277807 And we need to capture the gene, like on a smoking gun, therefore maybe a challenge is
gMRMvmtHqlk-00678-00277807-00278257 perturbations on the patients, on the subjects.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00679-00278257-00278789 Like, for example, their OGTT have been used for a long time, but maybe oral fat [spelled
gMRMvmtHqlk-00680-00278789-00278889 phonetically] loads.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00681-00278889-00279462 Those are things that could inform much more than just the steady state in which we are
gMRMvmtHqlk-00682-00279462-00279729 capturing the phenotypes nowadays.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00683-00279729-00280169 Melissa Haendel: Certainly I hope that we can inform on some
gMRMvmtHqlk-00684-00280169-00280816 of those genes from gene-to-medical-phenome catalog, but one of the things I'd say is
gMRMvmtHqlk-00685-00280816-00281455 that having spent some time with John Phillips and the guys at Vanderbilt who run the Undiagnosed
gMRMvmtHqlk-00686-00281455-00282184 Disease Center at Vanderbilt in the network, and the Mendelian sequencing centers -- I
gMRMvmtHqlk-00687-00282184-00282832 mean, so part of what's motivating the development of some of these catalogs -- the catalog around
gMRMvmtHqlk-00688-00282832-00283451 them in dealing in genes, where we try to bring forward more of the highly significant
gMRMvmtHqlk-00689-00283451-00283978 phenome associations we're seeing with Mendelian disease genes, and then the set that are like
gMRMvmtHqlk-00690-00283978-00284647 Mendelian genes-in-waiting -- are motivated by what it seemed like they needed.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00691-00284647-00285491 And so I think bringing some of the basic science together with, you know -- at an undiagnosed
gMRMvmtHqlk-00692-00285491-00286120 disease network meeting or the clinical sequencing centers' meeting -- which they do at the local
gMRMvmtHqlk-00693-00286120-00286972 center, but not so much broadly as, you know across other universities that don't happen
gMRMvmtHqlk-00694-00286972-00287075 to have one of these centers in-house.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00695-00287075-00287899 It's probably no big surprise that, you know, that genomes [laughs] -- we've got people
gMRMvmtHqlk-00696-00287899-00288301 from the University of Washington where they've been doing this, and it bleeds over into the
gMRMvmtHqlk-00697-00288301-00288455 basic science.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00698-00288455-00288722 And Harvard and the Broad that's been deep into this for a while.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00699-00288722-00289342 And the -- but there are many basic scientists at many other places that are just -- that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00700-00289342-00289568 don't even have those levels of benefits.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00701-00289568-00290289 So I think there could be real value in seeing -- having basic scientists see more what it
gMRMvmtHqlk-00702-00290289-00291197 is that some of the clinicians wish they had sort of from the get-go in doing these complex
gMRMvmtHqlk-00703-00291197-00291337 patients.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00704-00291337-00291818 Daniel MacArthur: I think one thing that we would be very interested
gMRMvmtHqlk-00705-00291818-00292203 in thinking about would be as we start thinking more and more about following up individuals
gMRMvmtHqlk-00706-00292203-00292698 from ExAC who have interest in phenotypes is starting to think "what is the right approach
gMRMvmtHqlk-00707-00292698-00292845 for doing that re-contacting phenotyping?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00708-00292845-00293035 How do we even begin to approach that problem?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00709-00293035-00293427 Because it's incredibly daunting to say, "We have a gene; it's uncharacterized; this person
gMRMvmtHqlk-00710-00293427-00293778 is a homozygous knockout; how do we learn more about its function?"
gMRMvmtHqlk-00711-00293778-00294068 And I think there's a number of people in this room that could really help to define
gMRMvmtHqlk-00712-00294068-00294651 a phenotyping toolkit that is a minimal relative, you know, low -- doesn't require a huge amount
gMRMvmtHqlk-00713-00294651-00294879 of effort but gains a high amount of content.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00714-00294879-00295272 You can explore a large amount of the phenotypic space with the right questions and the right
gMRMvmtHqlk-00715-00295272-00295686 assays, defining those assays up front so we can start going after particular systems
gMRMvmtHqlk-00716-00295686-00296278 or asking question in series so that you can say, "Do a quick, high throughput screen of
gMRMvmtHqlk-00717-00296278-00296581 multiple systems first; find something that looks interesting; and then go in and do a
gMRMvmtHqlk-00718-00296581-00297030 deeper dive in that particular system" would be extremely useful, because I think -- and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00719-00297030-00297259 this will come up again in the context of PMI.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00720-00297259-00297627 Any situation where we're doing genotype-first approaches, we're going to be faced with that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00721-00297627-00297884 very difficult challenge of knowing how to do that phenotyping.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00722-00297884-00298279 And as far as I know, no one's really come up with a clear plan for that yet.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00723-00298279-00298468 Male Speaker: Daniel, can I -- just clarification.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00724-00298468-00298863 Are you asking -- you want to understand what needs to be done, or you're asking for an
gMRMvmtHqlk-00725-00298863-00299039 infrastructure to be able to do that?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00726-00299039-00299363 Daniel MacArthur: Both would be great, but I think the first
gMRMvmtHqlk-00727-00299363-00299530 is the most dire need, is just --
gMRMvmtHqlk-00728-00299530-00299680 Male Speaker: Just knowing what to do?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00729-00299680-00299780 Daniel MacArthur: That's right.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00730-00299780-00299880 This is true for us at the moment.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00731-00299880-00300301 We have many samples in ExAC, most of them outside the U.S. in, you know, in Europe and
gMRMvmtHqlk-00732-00300301-00300770 elsewhere, where there are enthusiastic collaborators on the other sides.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00733-00300770-00301106 We have, clearly, very interesting genotypes that show up in those individuals, but it's
gMRMvmtHqlk-00734-00301106-00301537 just really not clear what the first step should be in terms of phenotyping assays.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00735-00301537-00301894 And deciding on this early on will be really important, because it means that as we -- what
gMRMvmtHqlk-00736-00301894-00302398 would be ideal is that as we start doing these assays or asking these types of questions,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00737-00302398-00302742 if we're asking the standardized phenotypic questions or doing the same assays as other
gMRMvmtHqlk-00738-00302742-00303104 groups that are doing this genotype-first approach, and if that ends up lining up with
gMRMvmtHqlk-00739-00303104-00303522 whatever PMI approaches as well, then that means we can just start building up a systematic
gMRMvmtHqlk-00740-00303522-00303836 database where it's unified from the beginning, or at least there's some level of harmonization
gMRMvmtHqlk-00741-00303836-00304201 from the beginning in the questions we're asking and the results that we get.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00742-00304201-00304440 Male Speaker: But is it your impression that your collaborators
gMRMvmtHqlk-00743-00304440-00304845 would have the resources to bring the individuals in and do the phenotypic workup?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00744-00304845-00304945 Daniel MacArthur: Yeah.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00745-00304945-00305295 We've done this in a couple of cases, and it can be done.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00746-00305295-00305681 We've only done it in a very superficial way and a completely unstructured way currently.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00747-00305681-00306017 We've gone in with specific questions, we've asked them, and that's worked.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00748-00306017-00306394 What we definitely have not done is gone in with a case where there's a gene that's really
gMRMvmtHqlk-00749-00306394-00306681 interesting and very conserved and is knocked out, and we just want to figure out what is
gMRMvmtHqlk-00750-00306681-00306781 wrong with this person.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00751-00306781-00307165 I don't even know where to start with that approach.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00752-00307165-00307421 Female Speaker: Just one really quick comment about that that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00753-00307421-00307572 relates to what Melissa was saying.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00754-00307572-00308160 So there could be some standardized phenotyping, of course, but then if you did some questionnaires
gMRMvmtHqlk-00755-00308160-00308606 beforehand, that could then lead you towards more specific kinds of assays you might want
gMRMvmtHqlk-00756-00308606-00308706 to do in person.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00757-00308706-00308847 Then that could be really useful.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00758-00308847-00309167 Male Speaker: I was just going to say this has come up -- this
gMRMvmtHqlk-00759-00309167-00309552 is the rate limiting step in the UDN, and the frightening thing is it happens with known
gMRMvmtHqlk-00760-00309552-00309652 genes.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00761-00309652-00310167 So you'll have somebody who has part of the phenotype, has a mutation in a gene that you
gMRMvmtHqlk-00762-00310167-00310734 know causes that phenotype, no other mutations, and you're trying to work out if the neurological
gMRMvmtHqlk-00763-00310734-00311236 component of the phenotype or the cutaneous part of the phenotype is actually also caused
gMRMvmtHqlk-00764-00311236-00311542 by that same variant.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00765-00311542-00312101 What it shows is that you -- we really need to make that cellular bridge that most of
gMRMvmtHqlk-00766-00312101-00312928 clinical phenotyping, as I said at the start, is morphology from 1600s, or superficial serendipity.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00767-00312928-00313454 It's not been systematically moved as a field from biology into medicine, or from medicine
gMRMvmtHqlk-00768-00313454-00313913 into biology, and I think that's what it would take in order to be able to build the type
gMRMvmtHqlk-00769-00313913-00314420 of phenotype -- phenotypic space interrogation that you describe.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00770-00314420-00315073 Female Speaker: I know that in the PCGC they were interested
gMRMvmtHqlk-00771-00315073-00315465 in pursuing your developmental outcomes in congenital heart disease patients, and there
gMRMvmtHqlk-00772-00315465-00315817 really wasn't money or infrastructure to do a lot of deep phenotyping.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00773-00315817-00316475 I think what they deployed was a questionnaire that the parents would answer, and that actually
gMRMvmtHqlk-00774-00316475-00316607 proved extremely valuable.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00775-00316607-00316711 It was very short.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00776-00316711-00317234 It was like six or seven questions, and I think they were able to really leverage that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00777-00317234-00317498 and generate a lot of very exciting data.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00778-00317498-00318115 So I'm wondering whether for, like, the ExAC population -- you have a huge number of subjects,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00779-00318115-00318563 and it's just not cost-effective to find a way to do deep phenotyping.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00780-00318563-00319055 But could there be a first level questionnaire, you know, maybe half a dozen questions on
gMRMvmtHqlk-00781-00319055-00319779 basic information on, you know, neurodevelopmental, other health history issues -- that then would
gMRMvmtHqlk-00782-00319779-00319906 provide a flag.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00783-00319906-00320507 So out of those 3,000 genes of interest that you find those patients, you look at that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00784-00320507-00320852 questionnaire first to see, you know, whether to go from there.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00785-00320852-00321150 Rex Chisholm: Mike, in the back?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00786-00321150-00321535 Male Speaker: With respect to the value of systematized
gMRMvmtHqlk-00787-00321535-00322129 phenotyping, I think what we've seen with Comp and IMPC is that they do standardized
gMRMvmtHqlk-00788-00322129-00322670 phenotyping on the knock-out mice, and in some cases they add phenotypes that were not
gMRMvmtHqlk-00789-00322670-00323151 previously known from the knock-out because the lab was expert in one domain and not another,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00790-00323151-00323583 or those phenotypes were captured in disparate parts in the literature by groups that were
gMRMvmtHqlk-00791-00323583-00323931 unaware that somebody else was working on the same mouse got that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00792-00323931-00324423 And of course it's not going to be sufficiently deep to capture everything, yet I think has
gMRMvmtHqlk-00793-00324423-00324921 added a lot of value to our understanding of the genes because standardized domains
gMRMvmtHqlk-00794-00324921-00325456 are tested in each time, and there's a chance to find unexpected overlap where usually it's
gMRMvmtHqlk-00795-00325456-00325812 difficult to capture that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00796-00325812-00326296 Erin Ramos: I just wanted to add one other resource that
gMRMvmtHqlk-00797-00326296-00326465 I wasn't planning on bringing up.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00798-00326465-00326656 I think someone mentioned PhenX.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00799-00326656-00326783 Jose did.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00800-00326783-00327070 That's an existing NHGRI-funded effort.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00801-00327070-00327696 It's not perfect, but there are over 450 standard data collection protocols, so it's not just
gMRMvmtHqlk-00802-00327696-00328307 the CDE, but the actual question that you ask across 20 different domains; disease domains
gMRMvmtHqlk-00803-00328307-00328760 like cardiovascular, skin, bone, muscle, joint.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00804-00328760-00329233 There's sort of, like, questionnaires for parents for hearing assessment, things like
gMRMvmtHqlk-00805-00329233-00329856 that, and those are all mapped to LOINC terms with the hope of being able to more readily
gMRMvmtHqlk-00806-00329856-00330222 integrate it into electronic health records.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00807-00330222-00330657 They're available for -- formatted for Redcap and some other resources.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00808-00330657-00331072 Again, it's not perfect, but it's a good place to start if you're looking for some basic
gMRMvmtHqlk-00809-00331072-00331316 questionnaires to get started with.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00810-00331316-00331748 Rex Chisholm: I think we're running to the end of our time,
gMRMvmtHqlk-00811-00331748-00332280 but it seems to me there are a couple of themes that keep reemerging here that might be worth
gMRMvmtHqlk-00812-00332280-00332735 thinking about, you know, Carol and Teri, as you think about what deliverables might
gMRMvmtHqlk-00813-00332735-00332835 want to come.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00814-00332835-00333149 You know, one is this idea of a matchmaker of some sort.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00815-00333149-00333555 That sounds like there was a lot of value both -- going both -- and the nice thing about
gMRMvmtHqlk-00816-00333555-00333700 it is it's bidirectional.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00817-00333700-00334054 The clinicians would be interested in finding basic science, and basic scientists would
gMRMvmtHqlk-00818-00334054-00334563 like to be informed by clinicians about what the priorities were.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00819-00334563-00334961 And so it seems to me that there's desire on both sides, so it would be a perfect place
gMRMvmtHqlk-00820-00334961-00335381 to create some kind of tool.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00821-00335381-00336200 The other thing I think we heard a lot of was the idea that there's a lot of value to
gMRMvmtHqlk-00822-00336200-00336967 the ability to be able to deploy pretty simple kinds of questionnaires or surveys.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00823-00336967-00337153 There's a lot of tools out there for that.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00824-00337153-00337705 I'm not sure that we need to think about deploying the tools, but what we might want to deploy
gMRMvmtHqlk-00825-00337705-00338224 is the surveys themselves, the instruments that are used, or the questions that are shared
gMRMvmtHqlk-00826-00338224-00338572 that might, you know, have some added value.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00827-00338572-00339261 So maybe, in closing, are there -- anybody on the panel want to add anything?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00828-00339261-00339441 Anyone in the audience want to add anything?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00829-00339441-00339541 Yes?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00830-00339541-00339661 Melissa wants the last word.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00831-00339661-00339761 Melissa Haendel: Sorry [laughs].
gMRMvmtHqlk-00832-00339761-00340246 I love the idea of all the questionnaires, but can we -- I think one of the missing pieces
gMRMvmtHqlk-00833-00340246-00340622 there is making the answers computable, whether it's HPO or other things, and that's the thing
gMRMvmtHqlk-00834-00340622-00340988 that PhenX is missing, but we've been talking about with them a lot.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00835-00340988-00341295 But all of these different questionnaires, GenomeConnect, et cetera.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00836-00341295-00341546 Rex Chisholm: That should be a stipulation, I agree.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00837-00341546-00341646 Mike?
gMRMvmtHqlk-00838-00341646-00342026 Male Speaker: One doable matchmaker opportunity would be
gMRMvmtHqlk-00839-00342026-00342434 the case conference format.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00840-00342434-00342634 ACMG runs a case conference.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00841-00342634-00342855 Others could think about it.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00842-00342855-00343421 But, you know, I've found that when basic scientists sit in and listen to clinicians
gMRMvmtHqlk-00843-00343421-00343877 discussing a difficult case, or an interesting case, or a gene that's a problem, they often
gMRMvmtHqlk-00844-00343877-00344230 get into conversations that are useful.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00845-00344230-00344606 Rex Chisholm: Yeah.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00846-00344606-00344796 Howard, was that a --
gMRMvmtHqlk-00847-00344796-00344896 Male Speaker: To be continued.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00848-00344896-00344996 [laughter]
gMRMvmtHqlk-00849-00344996-00345096 Rex Chisholm: All right.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00850-00345096-00345769 Well, I think -- thank you very much for a really lively discussion, and back to our
gMRMvmtHqlk-00851-00345769-00345869 chairs.
gMRMvmtHqlk-00852-00345869-00345869 [end of transcript]
gp6l5npfJKc-00000-00000000-00000144 Wonderful afternoon
gSskxrEYszo-00000-00000570-00000900 >>Adam - I had multiple requests to feud Robbin Williams films and I was planning
gSskxrEYszo-00001-00000900-00001512 on doing Dead Poets Society VS GoodWill Hunting but those are honestly not the
gSskxrEYszo-00002-00001512-00001864 films I remember Williams for. Yes, he one an Oscar for his performance and both
gSskxrEYszo-00003-00001864-00002249 are great movies but I grew up with Good Morning Vietman, Mrs. Doubtfire,
gSskxrEYszo-00004-00002249-00002396 Aladdin and countless other wacky roles from him so today I'm feuding
gSskxrEYszo-00005-00002396-00002852 two of my favorite child-hood memories. It's Hook VS Jumanji on Movie Feuds!
gSskxrEYszo-00006-00004056-00004364 >>Adam - Robbin Williams is of course the star of the show here playing explorer
gSskxrEYszo-00007-00004364-00004993 Alan Parrish. A man who has been released from a board game he was trapped in
gSskxrEYszo-00008-00004993-00005518 for decades. Alan is somewhat standoffish at first and a bit primitive seeing as
gSskxrEYszo-00009-00005518-00005889 he hasn't been around another human for over 20 years. The supporting cast
gSskxrEYszo-00010-00005889-00006310 consists of two kids, Judy and Bradly Shepard. Kirsten Dunst takes a break from
gSskxrEYszo-00011-00006310-00006679 darker films like Interview with the Vampire to play a more normal child. I
gSskxrEYszo-00012-00006679-00007072 recall having a pretty big crush on her when this came out. Calm down, I was
gSskxrEYszo-00013-00007072-00007695 like 13, alright. Bonnie Hunt plays long-lost friend of Alans, Sarah. She's been
gSskxrEYszo-00014-00007695-00008131 reeling over the loss of her friend ever since he was lost to the game. Comedic
gSskxrEYszo-00015-00008131-00008525 relief outside of Robbins character comes from the criminally underrated
gSskxrEYszo-00016-00008525-00009021 David Alan Grier as Alan's oldest friend Carl Bentley. This guy has been funny
gSskxrEYszo-00017-00009021-00009721 ever since In Living Color and I wish he would have gotten more time in the
gSskxrEYszo-00018-00009863-00010242 spotlight. Jumanji's main threat is the title game but it brings with it an equally
gSskxrEYszo-00019-00010242-00010789 dangerous antagonist, hunter Van Pelt. He's a sinister villain and adds a nice
gSskxrEYszo-00020-00010789-00011215 amount of tension whenever he pops up but when it comes to bad guys rocking
gSskxrEYszo-00021-00011215-00011579 sweet mustaches, no one matches Dustin Hoffman's Captain Hook. Now that is how
gSskxrEYszo-00022-00011579-00011907 you segway with style. Robbin Williams is of course great as Peter Pan as he
gSskxrEYszo-00023-00011907-00012368 brings that youthful spirit and joyous energy to every scene he's in but Hoffman
gSskxrEYszo-00024-00012368-00012931 as Hook is just a blast to watch. His curiosity, his manipulation, his swagger
gSskxrEYszo-00025-00012931-00013366 are a few of many reasons I continue to revisit this classic. The main reason
gSskxrEYszo-00026-00013366-00013790 obviously being Rufio. Rufio, Rufio, Rufioooooo. Then there's the late Bob Hoskins
gSskxrEYszo-00027-00013790-00014320 as Smee, Maggie Smith as Granny Wendy and all the wacky kids. Side note: Little
gSskxrEYszo-00028-00014320-00014687 Maggie grows up to be a major babe. Just saying. There's also some great cameos
gSskxrEYszo-00029-00014687-00015047 by Glen Close, the director Steven Spielberg himself and Carrie Fishcher.
gSskxrEYszo-00030-00015047-00015515 Oh yeah, Julia Roberts is Tinkerbell...this didn't work for me and that's all
gSskxrEYszo-00031-00015515-00015713 I'm going to say about that.
gSskxrEYszo-00032-00015713-00016019 [ROUND 2 : STORY]
gSskxrEYszo-00033-00016019-00016469 >>Adam - Jumanji is the simple story of a man trying to finish a board game
gSskxrEYszo-00034-00016469-00016662 ever since he was 12. That's the jist of it. I've had Risk games that lasted
gSskxrEYszo-00035-00016662-00016884 longer than that but you don't see me making any movies about it...yet. Check
gSskxrEYszo-00036-00016884-00017001 out my kickstarter for Risk: The Movie. Not really.
gSskxrEYszo-00037-00017001-00017381 While Alan has been lost to the real world for 26 years, Peter has been lost in the real
gSskxrEYszo-00038-00017381-00017775 world. Forgetting about Neverland all together. Look at me finding similarities between the
gSskxrEYszo-00039-00017775-00018029 films. Hook is a clever spin on the story of Peter
gSskxrEYszo-00040-00018029-00018509 Pan where we get to see a Peter that's lost that spirit of adventure and joy. His
gSskxrEYszo-00041-00018509-00018919 son Jack gets taken under Hook's well, hook and it's up to his dad to save
gSskxrEYszo-00042-00018919-00019298 him. It's a very smart premise because it's a somewhat origin story that's not burdened
gSskxrEYszo-00043-00019298-00019704 with the mundane task of building up a character from scratch. Instead
gSskxrEYszo-00044-00019704-00020187 the audience gets to re-learn with Peter Pan some of his talents such as flying,
gSskxrEYszo-00045-00020187-00020747 swashbuckling and the most powerful tool of them all, imagination. I still dream
gSskxrEYszo-00046-00020747-00021264 of that delicious meal of what appears to be playdo in different food shapes. Sitting
gSskxrEYszo-00047-00021264-00021708 around the table with the lost boys. Watching as our brave yet misguided leader
gSskxrEYszo-00048-00021708-00022408 Rufio fights for his place at the head of the table. Rufio, poor sweet Rufio. HHHooooooookkkk!
gSskxrEYszo-00049-00023031-00023726 I mentioned that Jumanji is very simple in premise but also brilliant in execusion.
gSskxrEYszo-00050-00023726-00024201 I remember being on the edge of my theater chair the first time I saw the movie
gSskxrEYszo-00051-00024201-00024901 as a wee little girl, waiting to see what the next crazy animal or event was going
gSskxrEYszo-00052-00024959-00025343 to take place on the board. Wether it be a pack of monkeys, a vicious lion, a
gSskxrEYszo-00053-00025343-00025798 heard of elephants or a colony of spiders, it's guaranteed to leave you smiling.
gSskxrEYszo-00054-00025798-00025954 [ROUND 3 : ACTION / EFFECTS]
gSskxrEYszo-00055-00025954-00026366 >>Adam - This is a fun round to talk about as both these movies have a unique style to
gSskxrEYszo-00056-00026366-00026607 them. Steven Spielberg really plays out the fantasy
gSskxrEYszo-00057-00026607-00027122 aspect of Hook with creative set pieces, wonderful sword fights, pirate ships, clock
gSskxrEYszo-00058-00027122-00027600 smashing, fairydust sprinkling, plank walking and fat kid bowling. Now I will say
gSskxrEYszo-00059-00027600-00027944 that compared by todays films this does look very small-scale. You can tell that Speilberg
gSskxrEYszo-00060-00027944-00028302 shot almost the entire film on a soundstage as most of the scenes are
gSskxrEYszo-00061-00028302-00028781 very compact in nature. There are no large sweeping shots like you would see in
gSskxrEYszo-00062-00028781-00029481 modern movies. I'm not saying it hurts it at all but I can see it being a detering
gSskxrEYszo-00063-00029494-00029837 factor for newcomers. Jumanji is a very effects driven flick and
gSskxrEYszo-00064-00029837-00030200 director Joe Johnston, who's previous works include The Rocketeer and Honey I Shunk
gSskxrEYszo-00065-00030200-00030649 the Kids was wise to use a very stylistic cg when producing the animals. A
gSskxrEYszo-00066-00030649-00030824 very colorful and simple use of cg mixed with real-life animals give the movie
gSskxrEYszo-00067-00030824-00031469 a sort of surreal experience. Granted, I could be totally full of shit and
gSskxrEYszo-00068-00031469-00031785 it was just the best they could come up with at the time but come on,
gSskxrEYszo-00069-00031785-00031819 those monkeys couldn't have been their best attempt, even in 1995.
gSskxrEYszo-00070-00031819-00032308 In either case I will admit that those spiders were dumb as fuck, even upon my
gSskxrEYszo-00071-00032308-00032427 first viewing.
gSskxrEYszo-00072-00032427-00032605 [ROUND 4 : MUSIC]
gSskxrEYszo-00073-00032605-00033110 >>Adam - Here we have the best in the business with James Horner heading up Jumanji and
gSskxrEYszo-00074-00033110-00033772 John Williams tinkering around with Hook. Although Horner does a good job
gSskxrEYszo-00075-00033772-00034247 composing 13 unique pieces they can't hold a crocks tail to Williams' work.
gSskxrEYszo-00076-00034247-00034769 I miss these more fantastical sounding melodies of the 90's that have been
gSskxrEYszo-00077-00034769-00035469 almost entirely replaced now with some form of dub-step. I've shed enough
gSskxrEYszo-00078-00036591-00037291 crocodile tears though in the past on this topic so let's wrap this up.
gSskxrEYszo-00079-00038087-00038244 [CONCLUSION]
gSskxrEYszo-00080-00038244-00038728 >>Adam - I'm biased towards these 90's films since I grew up experiencing them. The effects
gSskxrEYszo-00081-00038728-00038775 are certainly dated, the action and characters a bit campy at times and the
gSskxrEYszo-00082-00038775-00038925 overall capabilites were very constrained. Speilberg has gone on record as stating
gSskxrEYszo-00083-00038925-00039306 that he was limited by what could accomplish with Hook and thinks some of it
gSskxrEYszo-00084-00039306-00039568 worked while other portions did not. One thing is certain though. Great actors,
gSskxrEYszo-00085-00039568-00040093 no matter how well the effects are and how big the budget becomes will never
gSskxrEYszo-00086-00040093-00040656 age. Robbin Williams was such an actor. A versitile guy who geniuinly seemed
gSskxrEYszo-00087-00040656-00041247 to care for those around him. He did amazing dramas like Goodwill Hunting, he
gSskxrEYszo-00088-00041247-00041759 did interesting dark comedies like Death to Smoochy and he did those timeless
gSskxrEYszo-00089-00041759-00042179 films we'll never forget such as Mrs. Doubtfire, Goodmorning Vietnam and Hook
gSskxrEYszo-00090-00042179-00042756 . I'll miss Robbin Williams and all he brought over his lifetime here. I don't
gSskxrEYszo-00091-00042756-00043324 know what's beyond this world but Robbin Williams was the embodiment of Peter
gSskxrEYszo-00092-00043324-00044024 Pan  and I truly believe he’ll find his neverland. More than Just Reviews, this is Movie Feuds.
gWwefgkIlzY-00000-00000019-00000550 Your Natchez History minute is brought to you by Natchez National Historical Park.
gWwefgkIlzY-00001-00000650-00001117 American television news reporter and anchorwoman Campbell Brown was born on this day, June
gWwefgkIlzY-00002-00001117-00001590 14, 1968 in Ferriday, Louisiana. Brown is the daughter of Louisiana Democratic State
gWwefgkIlzY-00003-00001590-00002140 Senator and Secretary of State James H. Brown and she attended Trinity Episcopal Day School
gWwefgkIlzY-00004-00002140-00002728 in Natchez. She attended Louisiana State University before graduating from Regis University, after
gWwefgkIlzY-00005-00002728-00003252 which she spent a year teaching English in Czechoslovakia. She began her career in local
gWwefgkIlzY-00006-00003252-00003884 news reporting in Topeka, Kansas and worked in NBC affiliates in Richmond, Virginia; Baltimore,
gWwefgkIlzY-00007-00003884-00004441 Maryland; and Washington, D.C. She joined NBC News in 1996 where she was assigned to
gWwefgkIlzY-00008-00004441-00005013 The Pentagon and covered the war in Kosovo. During the presidential coverage in 2000,
gWwefgkIlzY-00009-00005013-00005564 Brown became the main substitute for anchor Brian Williams on the NBC Nightly News. In
gWwefgkIlzY-00010-00005564-00006200 2007, Brown left NBC for CNN where she worked until 2010. Since leaving CNN, Brown has written
gWwefgkIlzY-00011-00006200-00006688 widely for such publications at The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal and The Daily
gWwefgkIlzY-00012-00006688-00007188 Beast. She is an outspoken advocate for school choice and educational reform and serves on
gWwefgkIlzY-00013-00007188-00007897 the boards of various non-profits dedicated to improving children’s learning environments.
gWwefgkIlzY-00014-00007900-00008309 My name is Haley Howington I will be a junior at Trinity Episcopal School, and this has
gWwefgkIlzY-00015-00008309-00008471 been your Natchez History minute.
gX4bJECobsM-00000-00000834-00000934 Hi, everybody!
gX4bJECobsM-00001-00000934-00001229 We’ll just give people a minute or two more people the number until that number slows
gX4bJECobsM-00002-00001229-00001329 down
gX4bJECobsM-00003-00001329-00001429 All right, we might as well get started.
gX4bJECobsM-00004-00001429-00001595 Everyone’s time is very valuable these days.
gX4bJECobsM-00005-00001595-00001743 So welcome.
gX4bJECobsM-00006-00001743-00001957 Thank you for joining us today.
gX4bJECobsM-00007-00001957-00002191 Just a note that this session is being recorded,
gX4bJECobsM-00008-00002191-00002442 so that you all know.
gX4bJECobsM-00009-00002442-00003033 So we are here to talk about 2 new resources that have been produced by a software preservation
gX4bJECobsM-00010-00003033-00003133 network.
gX4bJECobsM-00011-00003133-00003623 And it's law and policy working group my name is Graeme Slaght.
gX4bJECobsM-00012-00003623-00004319 I'm a scholarly communications and copyright outreach librarian at the University of Toronto
gX4bJECobsM-00013-00004319-00004419 Libraries.
gX4bJECobsM-00014-00004419-00005032 I'm also the coordinator of the law policy working group, and I'll pass it over to my
gX4bJECobsM-00015-00005032-00005251 colleague to introduce themselves.
gX4bJECobsM-00016-00005251-00005785 I’m Ana Enriquez, I am the interim head of scholarly communications and copyright
gX4bJECobsM-00017-00005785-00006266 at the Penn State University libraries.
gX4bJECobsM-00018-00006266-00006552 So today we're going to be discussing two new resources,
gX4bJECobsM-00019-00006552-00006877 as I said, that SPN has produced.
gX4bJECobsM-00020-00006877-00007509 So our agenda is to discuss first of all, where these new guides fit within the rest
gX4bJECobsM-00021-00007509-00008230 of SPN’s copyright resources and advocacy that SPN has been engaged in over the years
gX4bJECobsM-00022-00008230-00008330 of its existence.
gX4bJECobsM-00023-00008330-00008919 Well, then, go into a summary of the section 30.1 and software users guide followed by
gX4bJECobsM-00024-00008919-00009239 a summary of the section 108 user guide.
gX4bJECobsM-00025-00009239-00009493 We'll briefly compare some of
gX4bJECobsM-00026-00009493-00009970 the affordances and limitations of each section to it to each other.
gX4bJECobsM-00027-00009970-00010581 And then we'll discuss some of the externalities to these sections that persist in perhaps
gX4bJECobsM-00028-00010581-00011132 being a barrier or a consideration when considering software preservation, any contracts and TPMs
gX4bJECobsM-00029-00011132-00011264 and if we're
gX4bJECobsM-00030-00011264-00012113 not too long winded today, hopefully we'll have a good chunk of time for Q&A.
gX4bJECobsM-00031-00012113-00012819 So copyright was identified as a key priority of the software preservation network in its
gX4bJECobsM-00032-00012819-00013031 formation
gX4bJECobsM-00033-00013031-00013356 because corporate concerns have been consistently raised
gX4bJECobsM-00034-00013356-00013695 as a barrier to the preservation of software.
gX4bJECobsM-00035-00013695-00014359 So SPN has worked on a number of projects related to copyright.
gX4bJECobsM-00036-00014359-00014865 Few examples of these are the work with the DMCA
gX4bJECobsM-00037-00014865-00015429 rulemaking the Harvard Cyberlaw clinic, which has enabled preservation of DRM-encumbered
gX4bJECobsM-00038-00015429-00015654 software in the US.
gX4bJECobsM-00039-00015654-00016234 Another example is the fair use best practices for software preservation.
gX4bJECobsM-00040-00016234-00016923 Which lays out how fair use supplies help enable each step in a typical preservation
gX4bJECobsM-00041-00016923-00017307 and research access workflow for software preservation.
gX4bJECobsM-00042-00017307-00018001 Canadian libraries are currently working on an adaptation of these best fair use best
gX4bJECobsM-00043-00018001-00018579 practices to the Canadian to context, into the very similar framework of fair dealing.
gX4bJECobsM-00044-00018579-00019534 And last, but not least, SPN have filed numerous amicus briefs and comments and joined alongside
gX4bJECobsM-00045-00019534-00020043 an increasing global network of advocacy groups that are calling for expanded rights for researchers
gX4bJECobsM-00046-00020043-00020143 and research
gX4bJECobsM-00047-00020143-00020540 organizations in the digital era and I’d urge you to explore the SPN website
gX4bJECobsM-00048-00020540-00021424 where much of this latter category of accuracy work is mentioned in who are hosted.
gX4bJECobsM-00049-00021424-00021834 So the tuning resources we're discussing today are as I said
gX4bJECobsM-00050-00021834-00022187 the section 108, and the section 31 guides.
gX4bJECobsM-00051-00022187-00022779 So for software collections, you'll find them on in this software preservation network community
gX4bJECobsM-00052-00022779-00023584 in Zenodo, and you'll also find them linked to on the SPN on the SPN website.
gX4bJECobsM-00053-00023584-00024416 So, as I said, the guides build on SPN's previous work.
gX4bJECobsM-00054-00024416-00024729 They were group efforts.
gX4bJECobsM-00055-00024729-00025073 So in you'll find our acknowledgements at the start of each document, and thank you
gX4bJECobsM-00056-00025073-00025506 to all who provided and direction.
gX4bJECobsM-00057-00025506-00025882 So these guides are really meant to supplement the other resources
gX4bJECobsM-00058-00025882-00026494 that SPN has been involved in over the years—in particular the fair use best practices document,
gX4bJECobsM-00059-00026494-00027025 and the origin story of them is really a question that came up at whatever law and policy working
gX4bJECobsM-00060-00027025-00027468 group meetings, which was, you know, is this fair use I’m
gX4bJECobsM-00061-00027468-00028019 really not sure, and the response of other members of the group was well, wouldn't this
gX4bJECobsM-00062-00028019-00028261 be covered by 108?
gX4bJECobsM-00063-00028261-00028909 And so we realized that it might be very worthwhile if resources existed, they would help preservationists
gX4bJECobsM-00064-00028909-00029461 identify works and activities that could be accomplished without having to go through
gX4bJECobsM-00065-00029461-00030125 the exercise of thinking about fair use, or for dealing, or at least that could be
gX4bJECobsM-00066-00030125-00030752 considered with combining the two together and guidance
gX4bJECobsM-00067-00030752-00031083 that might explain the relationship.
gX4bJECobsM-00068-00031083-00031533 The broader fair user if you're dealing exception and the library, exceptions in each of our
gX4bJECobsM-00069-00031533-00031858 respective code.
gX4bJECobsM-00070-00031858-00032733 So I will now start by talking about the Canadian guide.
gX4bJECobsM-00071-00032733-00033294 So the structure of the guide sort of somewhat neatly follows the structure of Section 30.1
gX4bJECobsM-00072-00033294-00033394 itself.
gX4bJECobsM-00073-00033394-00034057 So my intent, was to help professionals working at LAMs, make sense with the provisions of
gX4bJECobsM-00074-00034057-00034209 30.1 like in imagining
gX4bJECobsM-00075-00034209-00034849 them, you know, opening up the car redact website in one window and then using the guide
gX4bJECobsM-00076-00034849-00035362 alongside it to help make sense of what they are reading in front of them.
gX4bJECobsM-00077-00035362-00035916 Some of these classes in in 3.1 are extremely helpful for software collections, others are
gX4bJECobsM-00078-00035916-00036016 somewhat ambiguous.
gX4bJECobsM-00079-00036016-00036715 So the intent of the guide was to help iron out some of those ambiguities, and maybe explain
gX4bJECobsM-00080-00036715-00037237 where some cases fair dealing might come in as a partner to 30.1 and help result some
gX4bJECobsM-00081-00037237-00037486 of those so the content of the
gX4bJECobsM-00082-00037486-00038455 guide the first part of the guide rather starts it's quite a someone long examination of fair
gX4bJECobsM-00083-00038455-00039115 dealing and its flexibility, and about how whether it applies to software and in what
gX4bJECobsM-00084-00039115-00039297 ways and in how many
gX4bJECobsM-00085-00039297-00039787 cases it might be helpful to think of 3.1 and period together in your right toolkit
gX4bJECobsM-00086-00039787-00040262 when it comes to software presentation in your software collections.
gX4bJECobsM-00087-00040262-00040896 It then goes into a discussion of eligibility, and that the * point one also contains a provision
gX4bJECobsM-00088-00040896-00041437 which might allow for some collaborative collection, maintenance and management between eligible
gX4bJECobsM-00089-00041437-00041537 LAMs.
gX4bJECobsM-00090-00041537-00042384 The guide then discusses the 3 most relevant clauses as they pertain to software preservation,
gX4bJECobsM-00091-00042384-00043008 and then discusses the key limitation placed on these clauses, which is the commercial
gX4bJECobsM-00092-00043008-00043293 availability of another version
gX4bJECobsM-00093-00043293-00043808 of these of the given of a given Canada has somewhat of like a company application there
gX4bJECobsM-00094-00043808-00044147 that I’ll get into today, and in the guide.
gX4bJECobsM-00095-00044147-00044708 And finally, the guide goes into the issue of TPMs and Canada is very broad
gX4bJECobsM-00096-00044708-00045053 anti circumvention regime that has been place in place since 2012.
gX4bJECobsM-00097-00045053-00045775 And since TPMs are present and a lot of software it seems like it would be useful to address
gX4bJECobsM-00098-00045775-00045962 some of the questions that might arise.
gX4bJECobsM-00099-00045962-00046745 In going through 30.1 and wondering about which categories of software these provisions
gX4bJECobsM-00100-00046745-00047386 made apply team, and which inferior another barrier to consider that the software is intended
gX4bJECobsM-00101-00047386-00047578 by TPM or digital rights management
gX4bJECobsM-00102-00047578-00047678 technologies.
gX4bJECobsM-00103-00047678-00048440 So, as I mentioned earlier, a CARL working group is currently working on adapting code
gX4bJECobsM-00104-00048440-00048882 of best practice for fair use and software preservation to the Canadian free dealing
gX4bJECobsM-00105-00048882-00049052 context,
gX4bJECobsM-00106-00049052-00049412 But with the absence of such a document for the time being.
gX4bJECobsM-00107-00049412-00050119 The first part of the guide really frankly makes the case that fair dealing would cover
gX4bJECobsM-00108-00050119-00050750 many copying activities related to software preservation, and it's basis for saying that
gX4bJECobsM-00109-00050750-00050947 which it lays out is that a number of
gX4bJECobsM-00110-00050947-00051529 cases before the Supreme Court have ruled on the scope of the role of intermediaries
gX4bJECobsM-00111-00051529-00051946 acting on behalf of users fair dealing purposes.
gX4bJECobsM-00112-00051946-00052690 And these guides have established directly in the CCH case, which, was a case about a
gX4bJECobsM-00113-00052690-00053174 library, and more indirectly in other cases, that intermediaries, such as a library, are
gX4bJECobsM-00114-00053174-00053515 called museum under its own exceptions, can
gX4bJECobsM-00115-00053515-00054272 rely on fair dealing or other users rights to act on behalf of the research purposes
gX4bJECobsM-00116-00054272-00055015 of users, whether in direct response to a request or an anticipation of one and fair
gX4bJECobsM-00117-00055015-00055195 dealing might especially be more appropriate
gX4bJECobsM-00118-00055195-00055680 as it relates to supporting the research and private study of users in a more systematic
gX4bJECobsM-00119-00055680-00055791 way.
gX4bJECobsM-00120-00055791-00056426 Sort of in a scaled up way, whereas 30.1 in practice might be more focused on the reproduction
gX4bJECobsM-00121-00056426-00056747 and preservation of individual works.
gX4bJECobsM-00122-00056747-00057235 In the routine maintenance and management of our and we'll discuss a bit a bit more
gX4bJECobsM-00123-00057235-00058141 about this soon, and also 30.1 like any other sort of narrow specific exception, is a creature
gX4bJECobsM-00124-00058141-00058267 of its time in place of
gX4bJECobsM-00125-00058267-00059117 its drafting and fair dealing by design sort of allows consideration of a wider scope of
gX4bJECobsM-00126-00059117-00059680 activities, sort of outside the parameters of 3 point, one focus on management and maintenance.
gX4bJECobsM-00127-00059680-00060345 So 3.1 was last updated in 2,012 and I think it's pretty good, but fair dealing can for
gX4bJECobsM-00128-00060345-00060941 you know, especially as pertains to software some of the technological affordances involved
gX4bJECobsM-00129-00060941-00061041 in the company complexity is
gX4bJECobsM-00130-00061041-00061903 involved and preserving and maintaining access to cultural works and software form.
gX4bJECobsM-00131-00061903-00062647 So the Supreme Court in Canada has blessed us with a court decision in 2004, which was
gX4bJECobsM-00132-00062647-00063214 about fair dealing user rights and their applicability to a library which was providing remote access
gX4bJECobsM-00133-00063214-00063527 to works the case involved a great
gX4bJECobsM-00134-00063527-00063817 library, the Lost Society of Upper Canada.
gX4bJECobsM-00135-00063817-00064255 Faxing works in some cases whole works, in some cases excerpts to lawyers.
gX4bJECobsM-00136-00064255-00064391 Around the province.
gX4bJECobsM-00137-00064391-00065073 So in CCH, amongst many other things, that the Supreme Court said,
gX4bJECobsM-00138-00065073-00065740 The Supreme Court established what might be called kind of an order of operations of exceptions,
gX4bJECobsM-00139-00065740-00066362 and talked about sort of the relationship of library exceptions in Section 30 to fair
gX4bJECobsM-00140-00066362-00066471 dealing in section 29.
gX4bJECobsM-00141-00066471-00067027 And they said that the fair dealing exception is always available.
gX4bJECobsM-00142-00067027-00067579 Simply put a library can always prove that his dealings are fair.
gX4bJECobsM-00143-00067579-00067905 And then it said, It is only if a library were unable to make out.
gX4bJECobsM-00144-00067905-00068480 But fair dealing exception under section 29 applied to what it wanted to do.
gX4bJECobsM-00145-00068480-00069199 Only then it would turn to 30.2, which is sort of the cousin of 30.1 in the copyright
gX4bJECobsM-00146-00069199-00069299 cover.
gX4bJECobsM-00147-00069299-00069809 Copyright to prove that it qualified for under the library exception.
gX4bJECobsM-00148-00069809-00070121 So fair dealing is always available.
gX4bJECobsM-00149-00070121-00070403 Why use so why use 30.1 for software?
gX4bJECobsM-00150-00070403-00071216 So, as I’ve mentioned 30.1 is the management and maintenance of the collection, exception,
gX4bJECobsM-00151-00071216-00071946 it's known locally sometimes as the obsolete formats exception, so it allows plans to make
gX4bJECobsM-00152-00071946-00072046 copies of full
gX4bJECobsM-00153-00072046-00072549 works, and for institutions that have the fairly conservative fair dealing guidelines
gX4bJECobsM-00154-00072549-00073060 that have developed and put in place across Canada, which there is no mention of software.
gX4bJECobsM-00155-00073060-00073823 Relying on 30.1 might allow for sort of a separate off on this track without considering
gX4bJECobsM-00156-00073823-00074376 whether you're activities fit within the guidelines that you are following.
gX4bJECobsM-00157-00074376-00074939 So lots of software preservation activities fall out of the specific criteria of 30.1
gX4bJECobsM-00158-00074939-00075533 but in CCH, because the LAM exceptions are meant to facilitate users rights.
gX4bJECobsM-00159-00075533-00076126 They, too, should be interpreted in a large in liberal way, lest these user rights be
gX4bJECobsM-00160-00076126-00076344 unduly constrained.
gX4bJECobsM-00161-00076344-00076574 And so you'll see that put into print participate.
gX4bJECobsM-00162-00076574-00077656 When I get into discussion of the specific And so really 30.1 provides a kind of lawfulness
gX4bJECobsM-00163-00077656-00078522 baseline for sort of these general management practices at LAMs.
gX4bJECobsM-00164-00078522-00078980 Well the application of our dealing might leave, or for questions of infrastructure
gX4bJECobsM-00165-00078980-00079113 and scale.
gX4bJECobsM-00166-00079113-00079225 Hopefully.
gX4bJECobsM-00167-00079225-00079912 these fair dealing, best practices at least in their first draft will be up before the
gX4bJECobsM-00168-00079912-00080171 end of this year.
gX4bJECobsM-00169-00080171-00080833 Let's get into 30.1 first of all eligibility 30.1 has a fairly eligibility requirement.
gX4bJECobsM-00170-00080833-00081523 I am, and it includes museums and the definition of this eligibility criteria, the definition
gX4bJECobsM-00171-00081523-00082168 of the library and Architecture Museum tracks to the definition of a LAM in section 2 of
gX4bJECobsM-00172-00082168-00082268 the
gX4bJECobsM-00173-00082268-00082368 Copyright Act.
gX4bJECobsM-00174-00082368-00082708 And so they're really the only limitations for eligibility, for an organization or institution.
gX4bJECobsM-00175-00082708-00083452 Here are that the land cannot be a for profit institution, or be controlled and administered
gX4bJECobsM-00176-00083452-00083602 by a for profit.
gX4bJECobsM-00177-00083602-00084119 Body, and it's collections must be open to the public or to researchers.
gX4bJECobsM-00178-00084119-00084860 So a hypothetical secret library open to no one would not qualify but also you know significantly,
gX4bJECobsM-00179-00084860-00085359 perhaps, for some libraries, a corporate library or archive would not, would not qualify.
gX4bJECobsM-00180-00085359-00085557 This is just another
gX4bJECobsM-00181-00085557-00086212 example, where fear dealing might obviously still qualified your equipment.
gX4bJECobsM-00182-00086212-00087020 Library archive the next little bit before we get into the specific sections.
gX4bJECobsM-00183-00087020-00087657 Written right into the very beginning of is the possibility for collaborative collection
gX4bJECobsM-00184-00087657-00087758 management.
gX4bJECobsM-00185-00087758-00088586 And so 30.1 says that eligible lands can make copies of eligible works for their own collection,
gX4bJECobsM-00186-00088586-00088954 or for the permanent of other libraries.
gX4bJECobsM-00187-00088954-00089499 So this is potentially very useful for software and software related file dependency issues.
gX4bJECobsM-00188-00089499-00090110 So, for example, if a LAM needs a specific version of software but they don't have that
gX4bJECobsM-00189-00090110-00090718 is held by another library, for example, to view a working collection, these two qualifying
gX4bJECobsM-00190-00090718-00091294 LAMs could share access to this to a particular piece of software to
gX4bJECobsM-00191-00091294-00091879 enable one LAM to view something that is collection that it, but that it otherwise wouldn't be
gX4bJECobsM-00192-00091879-00092134 able to do so.
gX4bJECobsM-00193-00092134-00092719 This is great for certain types of problems in the software presentation space, a one-to-one
gX4bJECobsM-00194-00092719-00093188 sharing of a piece of software.
gX4bJECobsM-00195-00093188-00093786 However, the language probably wouldn't be great for setting up sort of a broader shared
gX4bJECobsM-00196-00093786-00093996 infrastructure for software collections possible.
gX4bJECobsM-00197-00093996-00094783 Because of the nature of software, possibly in some kind of network for software preservation.
gX4bJECobsM-00198-00094783-00095033 Like SPN.
gX4bJECobsM-00199-00095033-00095503 So something like something like the infrastructure that SPN is working to develop
gX4bJECobsM-00200-00095503-00096000 might be outside the scope of this particular clause, and 30.1, and that might be something
gX4bJECobsM-00201-00096000-00096213 that would require pondering.
gX4bJECobsM-00202-00096213-00096800 Fair dealing, say, if a Canadian institution were to join with SPN, and make use of its
gX4bJECobsM-00203-00096800-00097252 infrastructure that it’s open.
gX4bJECobsM-00204-00097252-00097868 A 30.1 (1)(a) is sort of an eligibility
gX4bJECobsM-00205-00097868-00098444 definition for account category of works that are eligible to be copied under 30.1, and
gX4bJECobsM-00206-00098444-00099129 the first group of works that are rare, unpublished, and which are deteriorating damaged or lost,
gX4bJECobsM-00207-00099129-00099229 or
gX4bJECobsM-00208-00099229-00099387 at risk of those things.
gX4bJECobsM-00209-00099387-00100004 So a very clear example here would be a piece of unpublished research software stored on
gX4bJECobsM-00210-00100004-00100104 a floppy disk.
gX4bJECobsM-00211-00100104-00100973 You know the eighties or nineties, but a rare and published piece of software might also
gX4bJECobsM-00212-00100973-00101073 qualify.
gX4bJECobsM-00213-00101073-00101839 So, for example, a specific version of a of a game, say Oregon Trail stored on a CD-rom.
gX4bJECobsM-00214-00101839-00102551 That particular work might qualify pending an examination of the limitation that I’ll
gX4bJECobsM-00215-00102551-00102651 discuss.
gX4bJECobsM-00216-00102651-00103267 So there's a lot of stuff that would fit here, and lots of historical software would fit
gX4bJECobsM-00217-00103267-00103398 the criteria of A.
gX4bJECobsM-00218-00103398-00104642 And so in B we get particular set of setting parameters and a work that can qualify and
gX4bJECobsM-00219-00104642-00105149 be, which is which entitles LAMs to make copy of our work available for the purposes of
gX4bJECobsM-00220-00105149-00105249 on site
gX4bJECobsM-00221-00105249-00105869 consultation, so as written this this kind of reads as you know something.
gX4bJECobsM-00222-00105869-00106416 There's a there's a there's a deteriorating book that you don't want to share with the
gX4bJECobsM-00223-00106416-00107129 public, but you can make a copy to cut down on the stresses on that particular volume.
gX4bJECobsM-00224-00107129-00107287 But this can also
gX4bJECobsM-00225-00107287-00107897 apply just as well to optical media or other forms of storage media that degrade or suffer
gX4bJECobsM-00226-00107897-00108072 bit rock.
gX4bJECobsM-00227-00108072-00108598 And it applies to published works here, there's no requirement that be sort of like a an unpublished
gX4bJECobsM-00228-00108598-00108786 letter, or something like that.
gX4bJECobsM-00229-00108786-00109592 It's very broad and it's applicability, so it allows for access with a focus on preventing
gX4bJECobsM-00230-00109592-00110363 competing or already existing physical, to deterioration in an item and this in person
gX4bJECobsM-00231-00110363-00110602 qualification is here in B but
gX4bJECobsM-00232-00110602-00111224 it's not in a or c so it's I don't think that because in person access is mentioned here
gX4bJECobsM-00233-00111224-00111957 that other means of providing access are ruled out so other ways of mediating access to software
gX4bJECobsM-00234-00111957-00112057 in particular
gX4bJECobsM-00235-00112057-00112759 such as via sharing a file not in person I don't think I ruled out because and B
gX4bJECobsM-00236-00112759-00113391 we get a specific mention of in person access.
gX4bJECobsM-00237-00113391-00114011 And so then we move on to C, which is sort of the the biggie.
gX4bJECobsM-00238-00114011-00114305 Sorry too fast here.
gX4bJECobsM-00239-00114305-00114634 So this is a wonderful subsection for software
gX4bJECobsM-00240-00114634-00114794 Collections.
gX4bJECobsM-00241-00114794-00115269 And in looking in this subsection closely I hadn't really known before it was pointed,
gX4bJECobsM-00242-00115269-00115470 might do that to me.
gX4bJECobsM-00243-00115470-00115677 By Ariel Cats.
gX4bJECobsM-00244-00115677-00116396 How much of an emphasis that this subsection places on professional judgment of land staff.
gX4bJECobsM-00245-00116396-00116927 So the section says that works can be copied.
gX4bJECobsM-00246-00116927-00117294 Not just that they, if they are obsolete or becoming obsolete, they can be copied.
gX4bJECobsM-00247-00117294-00118205 If LAM staff consider works too obsolete or becoming obsolete, or that the required technology
gX4bJECobsM-00248-00118205-00119036 is considered by LAM staff to be unavailable or becoming unavailable, unavailable, So this
gX4bJECobsM-00249-00119036-00119136 has very broad
gX4bJECobsM-00250-00119136-00119585 applicability to all kinds of historic software.
gX4bJECobsM-00251-00119585-00120416 And if you take the sort of interpretive prescription of the Supreme Court to apply to this user's
gX4bJECobsM-00252-00120416-00120530 right,
gX4bJECobsM-00253-00120530-00120861 this LAM exception, as well as sort of the definition of research,
gX4bJECobsM-00254-00120861-00121119 You want to give these a large and liberal interpretation?
gX4bJECobsM-00255-00121119-00121564 The technology, or there is also very significant.
gX4bJECobsM-00256-00121564-00122187 It can be, you know, an operating system, a platform, not just a device to play, something
gX4bJECobsM-00257-00122187-00122287 to view.
gX4bJECobsM-00258-00122287-00122387 Something.
gX4bJECobsM-00259-00122387-00122871 it can be taken to be something a bit more very applicable to software.
gX4bJECobsM-00260-00122871-00123274 So if you need a particular operating system to view something.
gX4bJECobsM-00261-00123274-00123787 Then you would be justified via using this subsection.
gX4bJECobsM-00262-00123787-00124425 Make a copy that might be useful to create and means of access to something operating
gX4bJECobsM-00263-00124425-00124555 system.
gX4bJECobsM-00264-00124555-00124817 Say so.
gX4bJECobsM-00265-00124817-00125269 if you're interpreting this very within the dictates of that large and liberal instruction.
gX4bJECobsM-00266-00125269-00125705 This, this exception can be very powerful.
gX4bJECobsM-00267-00125705-00126450 But all of these, A, B, and C are subject to a limitation.
gX4bJECobsM-00268-00126450-00127158 At 30.1 (2), it's really a market check but it's a market check that applies that has
gX4bJECobsM-00269-00127158-00127258 two elements
gX4bJECobsM-00270-00127258-00127694 One of which might be incomprehensible to some of the
gX4bJECobsM-00271-00127694-00128452 Many, many of the Americans who are on the call you aren't familiar with
gX4bJECobsM-00272-00128452-00129273 The cartels that have in charge of reproducing works in Canada for almost 100 years.
gX4bJECobsM-00273-00129273-00129502 But anyway, that's an presentation.
gX4bJECobsM-00274-00129502-00130110 So if you look within the definition of what commercially available means in the copyright
gX4bJECobsM-00275-00130110-00130579 in Section 2 of the copyright act it has two bits to it.
gX4bJECobsM-00276-00130579-00131237 The one is, you know as you'd expect you know that there's another,
gX4bJECobsM-00277-00131237-00131854 there's a copy currently available on the market acquired then reasonable time for reasonable
gX4bJECobsM-00278-00131854-00132191 price, with reasonable effort.
gX4bJECobsM-00279-00132191-00132887 But also there's something here at B which is about if a license is available from a
gX4bJECobsM-00280-00132887-00133410 collective society within a reasonable time, reasonable price located with a reasonable
gX4bJECobsM-00281-00133410-00133563 effort.
gX4bJECobsM-00282-00133563-00134504 So this has been a big problem, historically, for using it to make copies of books, because
gX4bJECobsM-00283-00134504-00134688 in Canada
gX4bJECobsM-00284-00134688-00135226 we have a very powerful collective society access copyright, which offers our claims
gX4bJECobsM-00285-00135226-00135798 to offer a license which could probably reasonably cover making a copy
gX4bJECobsM-00286-00135798-00136362 of a work for the maintenance and management of your collection.
gX4bJECobsM-00287-00136362-00136952 But there is no such collective specifically for software and software if I’m understood
gX4bJECobsM-00288-00136952-00137603 as literary work might well be under the remit of what access cut it claims as a repertoire.
gX4bJECobsM-00289-00137603-00138130 But here the language in B here, available from a collective society within a reasonable
gX4bJECobsM-00290-00138130-00138689 time, and for a reasonable price, may be located with a reasonable effort.
gX4bJECobsM-00291-00138689-00139382 I don't think that would be and in keeping with getting in touch with access comprehension.
gX4bJECobsM-00292-00139382-00139899 Give you a license for copying a full work of a piece of software.
gX4bJECobsM-00293-00139899-00140289 Simply that I simply that isn't available from access cut create at this time.
gX4bJECobsM-00294-00140289-00140924 But this is also a case where partnering 30.1 with fair dealing.
gX4bJECobsM-00295-00140924-00141575 Is sort of revealing, because also in CCH of Canada, said that the availability of a
gX4bJECobsM-00296-00141575-00142185 license he's not relevant to deciding whether a dealing has been I were to go on and read
gX4bJECobsM-00297-00142185-00142285 the
gX4bJECobsM-00298-00142285-00142636 rest of that it would be even more persuasive.
gX4bJECobsM-00299-00142636-00143191 Here there might be a case where 30.1 is just starting certain setting and general practice,
gX4bJECobsM-00300-00143191-00143863 and porting fair dealing and tier analysis just gives sort of like an added piece of
gX4bJECobsM-00301-00143863-00144302 lawfulness when you're considering these things So I hope
gX4bJECobsM-00302-00144302-00145048 that's clear to everyone that's really the main software relevant clauses, ab and C.
gX4bJECobsM-00303-00145048-00145338 And limitation.
gX4bJECobsM-00304-00145338-00145936 so quickly because I’m thinking a bit over my time that the guide also contains the discussion
gX4bJECobsM-00305-00145936-00146065 technological protection measures.
gX4bJECobsM-00306-00146065-00146165 How's it?
gX4bJECobsM-00307-00146165-00146330 may apply to software.
gX4bJECobsM-00308-00146330-00147249 preservation activities Canada's anti-circumvention regime was introduced in 2012.
gX4bJECobsM-00309-00147249-00147970 There was no specific mention of an exception being made for exceptions to this regime,
gX4bJECobsM-00310-00147970-00148829 so otherwise lawful copying is not currently explicitly exempt from the anti-circuit commission
gX4bJECobsM-00311-00148829-00149036 regime, which is very
gX4bJECobsM-00312-00149036-00150017 stringent infringement doesn't have to be proved before statutory damages can be applied
gX4bJECobsM-00313-00150017-00150741 for circumventing tpms until there might be some very adverse impact and software preservation
gX4bJECobsM-00314-00150741-00150841 activities
gX4bJECobsM-00315-00150841-00151402 for software that isn't covered by TMs and Canada there has been some case law, some
gX4bJECobsM-00316-00151402-00151695 pretty bad sounds pretty good.
gX4bJECobsM-00317-00151695-00152250 And there's actually a current set of cases but the ironically unnamed.
gX4bJECobsM-00318-00152250-00152926 That again block locks, working its way through the courts that might allow the courts to
gX4bJECobsM-00319-00152926-00153133 provide some further questions.
gX4bJECobsM-00320-00153133-00153992 30 on how and whether the anti-circumvention regime was really meant to override other
gX4bJECobsM-00321-00153992-00154661 bits of the act which allowed LAMs to engage in the lawful company for specific purposes,
gX4bJECobsM-00322-00154661-00155027 So I’d encourage you to read
gX4bJECobsM-00323-00155027-00155457 that and that's it for me I’ll pass it over to my colleague.
gX4bJECobsM-00324-00155457-00155574 Hello!
gX4bJECobsM-00325-00155574-00155808 Thanks, Graeme.
gX4bJECobsM-00326-00155808-00157011 So now I’m gonna run through the 108 guide, and this structure is very similar to the
gX4bJECobsM-00327-00157011-00157341 structure of 30.1.
gX4bJECobsM-00328-00157341-00158014 We talk about fair use at the beginning and then we talk about who's eligible for 108?
gX4bJECobsM-00329-00158014-00158277 And what are the limitations on your rights?
gX4bJECobsM-00330-00158277-00158377 Under 108?
gX4bJECobsM-00331-00158377-00158972 The specific provisions of *, and I have a guide in there for how to implement it at
gX4bJECobsM-00332-00158972-00159072 your institution.
gX4bJECobsM-00333-00159072-00159485 Kind of what do you need to do as a library or an archives?
gX4bJECobsM-00334-00159485-00160246 And then there's a glossary as Well, so the relationship between section 108 and fair
gX4bJECobsM-00335-00160246-00160729 use as Graeme alluded to is pretty similar to the relationship between 30.1 and fair
gX4bJECobsM-00336-00160729-00161014 dealing section 108 provides
gX4bJECobsM-00337-00161014-00161657 a baseline of specific users rights for libraries and archives, and fair use.
gX4bJECobsM-00338-00161657-00162294 It more flexible, and broader, you can use either one and that's that's quite clear,
gX4bJECobsM-00339-00162294-00162585 both from the text of the statute and some case laws.
gX4bJECobsM-00340-00162585-00163250 So one way says nothing in this section in any way affects the right of fair use as provided
gX4bJECobsM-00341-00163250-00163478 by section 107.
gX4bJECobsM-00342-00163478-00164108 And then excuse me, there is a case authors guild v. HathiTrust
gX4bJECobsM-00343-00164108-00164338 how do you trust where the plaintiff, the authors guild?
gX4bJECobsM-00344-00164338-00165046 I try to say that libraries couldn't rely on fair use, because they had one away.
gX4bJECobsM-00345-00165046-00165771 They should just stay within 108, and the court set rejected that saying, Section 108
gX4bJECobsM-00346-00165771-00166537 has that savings clause that I just read, and therefore it does not for close libraries.
gX4bJECobsM-00347-00166537-00167098 Our archives from relying on fair use there's.
gX4bJECobsM-00348-00167098-00167535 Another thing to mention here, which is a great article by Jonathan Band from about
gX4bJECobsM-00349-00167535-00167908 10 years ago, called the impact of substantial compliance with copyright
gX4bJECobsM-00350-00167908-00168555 exceptions on fair use, and what this is for is this times when section 108, or potentially
gX4bJECobsM-00351-00168555-00168889 another copyright exception, like 110, or 121.
gX4bJECobsM-00352-00168889-00169369 It doesn't quite fit what you're doing you're nearly within
gX4bJECobsM-00353-00169369-00170020 that section, and but you're not exactly within it and what Jonathan Band says is that when
gX4bJECobsM-00354-00170020-00170582 you are substantially compliant when you're nearly compliant with a particular exception
gX4bJECobsM-00355-00170582-00170809 that's going to have a positive impact on your
gX4bJECobsM-00356-00170809-00171269 fair use analysis, especially under the first factor which looks at the purposes character
gX4bJECobsM-00357-00171269-00171388 of your use.
gX4bJECobsM-00358-00171388-00172199 So basically, these are uses that Congress has blessed through the specific exceptions.
gX4bJECobsM-00359-00172199-00173001 And so we know that they are favorite, purposes and so that's something to keep in mind whenever
gX4bJECobsM-00360-00173001-00173651 you're using one-way are not their specific exception is that even when you're not inside
gX4bJECobsM-00361-00173651-00173871 the exception you know you're in
gX4bJECobsM-00362-00173871-00174560 territory where it's a favorite purpose and fair use is gonna like favorably on your use.
gX4bJECobsM-00363-00174560-00174660 As well.
gX4bJECobsM-00364-00174660-00175034 So we do mention that, quite a few times in the guide.
gX4bJECobsM-00365-00175034-00175152 Alright.
gX4bJECobsM-00366-00175152-00175473 so who is eligible for 108?
gX4bJECobsM-00367-00175473-00176045 There is a big difference between 108 and 30.1, which is that one o 8 does not include
gX4bJECobsM-00368-00176045-00176145 museums.
gX4bJECobsM-00369-00176145-00176723 It's limited to libraries archives. and their employees acting within the scope of employment.
gX4bJECobsM-00370-00176723-00176974 The museums are left out.
gX4bJECobsM-00371-00176974-00177535 it's been suggested many times that they should be added, including by the 108 study group.
gX4bJECobsM-00372-00177535-00177741 More than 15 years ago.
gX4bJECobsM-00373-00177741-00178394 I will note, though, that a museum that has a library or an archives.
gX4bJECobsM-00374-00178394-00178927 You know that library or archives can certainly use 108, and also to the extent to the museum,
gX4bJECobsM-00375-00178927-00179089 is part of a library or an archives.
gX4bJECobsM-00376-00179089-00179361 They can probably just wanna wait.
gX4bJECobsM-00377-00179361-00180071 So, in addition, to being a library and archives or employee thereof, you can't have a purpose
gX4bJECobsM-00378-00180071-00180621 of commercial advantage associated with the reproduction or distribution, that you're
gX4bJECobsM-00379-00180621-00180877 doing under section 100 and
gX4bJECobsM-00380-00180877-00180977 8.
gX4bJECobsM-00381-00180977-00181455 You either need to be open to the public to unaffiliated researchers in a specialized
gX4bJECobsM-00382-00181455-00181555 field.
gX4bJECobsM-00383-00181555-00181672 Very similar to 30 point.
gX4bJECobsM-00384-00181672-00182196 one requirements, and when you reproduce a work under 108.
gX4bJECobsM-00385-00182196-00182691 you either need to include that works copyright notice, or if it doesn't have one, you need
gX4bJECobsM-00386-00182691-00183166 to include a substitute, statement one way
gX4bJECobsM-00387-00183166-00183837 G. is a limitation on everything that you're doing under 108, and it says that 108 doesn't
gX4bJECobsM-00388-00183837-00183937 apply.
gX4bJECobsM-00389-00183937-00184603 If the library or the archives, or its employee is aware or has substantial reason to believe
gX4bJECobsM-00390-00184603-00185132 that it's doing concerted reproduction, or related reproduction of multiple copies of
gX4bJECobsM-00391-00185132-00185302 the same material.
gX4bJECobsM-00392-00185302-00185877 For example, if you were to realize that you had been copying this piece of software for
gX4bJECobsM-00393-00185877-00186565 a bunch of people who are all in the same graduate seminar that would trigger this one
gX4bJECobsM-00394-00186565-00186820 to 8 G language and You'd no no
gX4bJECobsM-00395-00186820-00187017 longer be covered under one way.
gX4bJECobsM-00396-00187017-00187302 G under one weight at all.
gX4bJECobsM-00397-00187302-00187720 But you could pop over and and think about it under fair use, and I think those kinds,
gX4bJECobsM-00398-00187720-00188133 of course related uses are often going to be various.
gX4bJECobsM-00399-00188133-00188322 Alright.
gX4bJECobsM-00400-00188322-00188789 So once we figure out who is eligible for one to 8.
gX4bJECobsM-00401-00188789-00189385 Then there are different substantive provisions in one way, and the first one that we talk
gX4bJECobsM-00402-00189385-00189883 about in the guide is copying unpublished works for preservation and security.
gX4bJECobsM-00403-00189883-00190684 One to 8 B. So a library or archives can make up to 3 copies of an unpublished work from
gX4bJECobsM-00404-00190684-00191289 their collection, either for preservation and security, or for deposit for research
gX4bJECobsM-00405-00191289-00191613 use in another qualified library or
gX4bJECobsM-00406-00191613-00191740 archives.
gX4bJECobsM-00407-00191740-00192339 There is a condition on this that was added in the mid ninetys, which is that if you reproduce
gX4bJECobsM-00408-00192339-00192917 that will work in a digital format, you can't make it available in a digital format to the
gX4bJECobsM-00409-00192917-00193117 public outside the premises of
gX4bJECobsM-00410-00193117-00193225 the library or archives.
gX4bJECobsM-00411-00193225-00193938 So, tying this in with one of the examples that Graeme used for 30.1.
gX4bJECobsM-00412-00193938-00194530 If you had unpublished research software on a floppy disk, you could copy it under 108
gX4bJECobsM-00413-00194530-00195101 B. and a copy would be a digital copy of course, so you'd be limited to on premises access
gX4bJECobsM-00414-00195101-00195955 unless you had some way to put it into an analog format for for sharing off your promises,
gX4bJECobsM-00415-00195955-00196055 and I should
gX4bJECobsM-00416-00196055-00196192 say no one would actually do that.
gX4bJECobsM-00417-00196192-00196519 What you would do is you would rely on fair use for for off preferences.
gX4bJECobsM-00418-00196519-00197165 Access, you know, to the extent that it applies alright there's also one, and wait, see it's
gX4bJECobsM-00419-00197165-00197479 kind of a sibling provision to one way.
gX4bJECobsM-00420-00197479-00197579 Be.
gX4bJECobsM-00421-00197579-00198210 And so this is for published works, and we talk about it as replacement copies.
gX4bJECobsM-00422-00198210-00198839 The replacement copy provision, so you can make up to 3 copies of a published work.
gX4bJECobsM-00423-00198839-00199095 As a replacement copy.
gX4bJECobsM-00424-00199095-00199688 If the original is damaged, deteriorating, lost, or stolen, or if the existing format
gX4bJECobsM-00425-00199688-00199992 in which the work is stored, has has become obsolete.
gX4bJECobsM-00426-00199992-00200092 Hopefully.
gX4bJECobsM-00427-00200092-00200449 This is sounding a little bit familiar, a little bit analogous to some of the 30 point.
gX4bJECobsM-00428-00200449-00201086 One provisions, and I’ll talk in a minute about about how they line up, and there are
gX4bJECobsM-00429-00201086-00201262 conditions on this.
gX4bJECobsM-00430-00201262-00201824 So you have to check for an unused replacement copy of the work and see if one is available
gX4bJECobsM-00431-00201824-00201924 at a fair price.
gX4bJECobsM-00432-00201924-00202647 If one is, then you can't do this copying and then we also have that 1990 s era limitation
gX4bJECobsM-00433-00202647-00203082 about digital formats being limited to on premises.
gX4bJECobsM-00434-00203082-00203182 Use.
gX4bJECobsM-00435-00203182-00203869 So if you're working under us law this is where we get into a copy of Oregon Trail.
gX4bJECobsM-00436-00203869-00204302 You've got it on a CD if you have a deteriorating copy.
gX4bJECobsM-00437-00204302-00204823 There's disc brought on that CD and you can go ahead and copy it under this section as
gX4bJECobsM-00438-00204823-00205430 long as you can't find an unused replacement copy of the work price
gX4bJECobsM-00439-00205430-00206365 Another provision in 108 which doesn't really have an analog in 30 point.
gX4bJECobsM-00440-00206365-00206465 One.
gX4bJECobsM-00441-00206465-00207006 it's it's analog in canadian lie I understand is really 30.2, and would be one way D and
gX4bJECobsM-00442-00207006-00207106 E.
gX4bJECobsM-00443-00207106-00207434 And this is for copying at the request of users.
gX4bJECobsM-00444-00207434-00207967 So this section lets you make a single copy of any of these things.
gX4bJECobsM-00445-00207967-00208711 An article or contribution to the periodical issue a small part of any other copyrighted
gX4bJECobsM-00446-00208711-00209212 work, or you could copy an entire work or a substantial part of a work.
gX4bJECobsM-00447-00209212-00209728 If you've already determined that you can't get a copy of that work at a fair price.
gX4bJECobsM-00448-00209728-00210500 So that market check is required if you want to be copying a substantial part or or more.
gX4bJECobsM-00449-00210500-00210884 And then there are, of course, some conditions on this.
gX4bJECobsM-00450-00210884-00211600 So one of their requirements is that the copy needs to become the property of the requesting,
gX4bJECobsM-00451-00211600-00212125 and to my recollection, this is how we got started on these guides in our working group.
gX4bJECobsM-00452-00212125-00212225 As well.
gX4bJECobsM-00453-00212225-00212525 We were talking about copying stuff and giving it to patrons.
gX4bJECobsM-00454-00212525-00213205 And is that fair use? and you know it probably is most of the time.
gX4bJECobsM-00455-00213205-00213789 But if you analyze it under one O, 8 it's extremely clear exactly what you need to analyze,
gX4bJECobsM-00456-00213789-00214125 and you know if you do that market check, you can copy the whole thing.
gX4bJECobsM-00457-00214125-00214588 So we're talking about copies that become the property of the user where you don't have
gX4bJECobsM-00458-00214588-00215223 any notice as the institution that the copy would be used for a purpose other than private
gX4bJECobsM-00459-00215223-00215785 study scholarship, or research, and you need to
gX4bJECobsM-00460-00215785-00216033 display a copyright warning.
gX4bJECobsM-00461-00216033-00216137 there are regulations about this.
gX4bJECobsM-00462-00216137-00216650 This is why there is a sort of implementation section in in the 108 guy.
gX4bJECobsM-00463-00216650-00217219 Because you wanna be displaying these warnings in the correct way in order to be eligible
gX4bJECobsM-00464-00217219-00217319 for D and E.
gX4bJECobsM-00465-00217319-00218228 And then there's also an exception here, which is that you can't copy musical works pictorial
gX4bJECobsM-00466-00218228-00218854 graphic or sculptural works, or motion pictures or audio visual works except for things dealing
gX4bJECobsM-00467-00218854-00219036 with the news under
gX4bJECobsM-00468-00219036-00219136 one away.
gX4bJECobsM-00469-00219136-00219717 D and E. There is an exception to that exception which is that you can copy pictorial or graphic
gX4bJECobsM-00470-00219717-00219969 works that serve as adjuncts to other works.
gX4bJECobsM-00471-00219969-00220538 A classic example of that is, you want to copy a book, and you can go ahead and copy
gX4bJECobsM-00472-00220538-00220741 illustrations that appear in the book.
gX4bJECobsM-00473-00220741-00221458 You can copy figures that appear in the book if we take this all over to the software context.
gX4bJECobsM-00474-00221458-00222004 One thing that's pretty clear cut under this section would be copying either part of a
gX4bJECobsM-00475-00222004-00222675 python script, or all of a python script as long as you've done your market check for
gX4bJECobsM-00476-00222675-00222776 100 and
gX4bJECobsM-00477-00222776-00222876 80.
gX4bJECobsM-00478-00222876-00223362 So if it's not available at a reasonable price you can copy the whole script alright.
gX4bJECobsM-00479-00223362-00224780 So anything where we're talking about  just code, it's lines up very neatly with
gX4bJECobsM-00480-00224780-00224916 being a literary work and
gX4bJECobsM-00481-00224916-00225287 software in general is considered a literary work under us.
gX4bJECobsM-00482-00225287-00226328 Well, so other programs that are maybe have more user interface than than just a script.
gX4bJECobsM-00483-00226328-00226873 Can also be covered by this provision when they have icons in them, and whatnot.
gX4bJECobsM-00484-00226873-00227376 That would be this kind of adjunct pictorial or graphic work.
gX4bJECobsM-00485-00227376-00227929 And you can go ahead and copy that when we get into something that might have music in
gX4bJECobsM-00486-00227929-00228031 it.
gX4bJECobsM-00487-00228031-00228467 There's a problem there, and when we get into audio visual works.
gX4bJECobsM-00488-00228467-00228941 There's a problem there as well, so you might have software that has videos in it.
gX4bJECobsM-00489-00228941-00229508 And we don't have any of this similar language about add jumps for for software.
gX4bJECobsM-00490-00229508-00229902 That contains music or videos.
gX4bJECobsM-00491-00229902-00230630 on top of that there's some reason to think that video games are audio visual works.
gX4bJECobsM-00492-00230630-00231381 So we get into that in the glossary part of of the 108 guide, so worth we're thinking
gX4bJECobsM-00493-00231381-00231579 about there for sure.
gX4bJECobsM-00494-00231579-00232448 A couple other provisions in 108 that don't really have an analog in in 30 point.
gX4bJECobsM-00495-00232448-00232598 One.
gX4bJECobsM-00496-00232598-00233179 One thing many people associate with 108 is notices on photocopiers, and the point of
gX4bJECobsM-00497-00233179-00233982 these notices, which are described in one way to F is to limit a library's liability
gX4bJECobsM-00498-00233982-00234441 for infringement by its users or
gX4bJECobsM-00499-00234441-00235252 patrons, so you know, to begin with, the possibility of a library or an archives being held liable
gX4bJECobsM-00500-00235252-00235352 for infringement.
gX4bJECobsM-00501-00235352-00235505 But I one of its users.
gX4bJECobsM-00502-00235505-00235842 Under us law is like vanishingly small.
gX4bJECobsM-00503-00235842-00236576 I'm you have to almost try to be liable so there's a great piece on the arl blog by Brandon
gX4bJECobsM-00504-00236576-00237323 Butler, who's here with us today, and in the SPN working group that talks about this so
gX4bJECobsM-00505-00237323-00237423 I recommend
gX4bJECobsM-00506-00237423-00237892 that if you're actually worried about this we probably shouldn't be worried about this
gX4bJECobsM-00507-00237892-00238040 as as libraries in our guys.
gX4bJECobsM-00508-00238040-00238386 But if you would like to worry even less, you could put some of these notices on your
gX4bJECobsM-00509-00238386-00238656 unsupervised, reproducing equipment.
gX4bJECobsM-00510-00238656-00239123 And in the software context, you know, we don't just want to put these on set scanners
gX4bJECobsM-00511-00239123-00239223 and photocopiers.
gX4bJECobsM-00512-00239223-00239704 I mean that's that's good there's printed materials and a lot of software collections.
gX4bJECobsM-00513-00239704-00240217 But you might also want to put it on a computer terminal or any kind of peripherals that you're
gX4bJECobsM-00514-00240217-00240800 having patrons use without supervision to copy alright.
gX4bJECobsM-00515-00240800-00241463 And there's one more thing in one way, so this is one o eighth, and it was added to
gX4bJECobsM-00516-00241463-00241937 108 at the time that Congress extended the copyright term in the late nineties.
gX4bJECobsM-00517-00241937-00242915 So they added 20 years to copyright terms, and they also added this language that allows
gX4bJECobsM-00518-00242915-00243578 libraries and archives to use works in certain ways.
gX4bJECobsM-00519-00243578-00243962 If they're in the last year that would last 20 years at their term.
gX4bJECobsM-00520-00243962-00244925 So that's subject to checking that the work is not subject to normal commercial exploitation
gX4bJECobsM-00521-00244925-00245396 and a copy cannot be obtained at a reasonable price.
gX4bJECobsM-00522-00245396-00245969 Just just a moment.
gX4bJECobsM-00523-00245969-00246180 All right, and also you need to check that.
gX4bJECobsM-00524-00246180-00246669 The copyright holder has not provided notice of the work being either subject to commercial
gX4bJECobsM-00525-00246669-00247007 expectation or available at a reasonable price.
gX4bJECobsM-00526-00247007-00247429 Last I checked Nobody had ever provided that notice to the Copyright Office.
gX4bJECobsM-00527-00247429-00247785 I think we know that for sure as of like a couple of years ago.
gX4bJECobsM-00528-00247785-00247971 But you know you can.
gX4bJECobsM-00529-00247971-00248073 You could always check with them.
gX4bJECobsM-00530-00248073-00248477 but it seems like copyright holders are not doing this.
gX4bJECobsM-00531-00248477-00249032 So what software might we be talking about with one o eighth?
gX4bJECobsM-00532-00249032-00249584 The stuff that's currently in the last 20 years of their terms would be works that were
gX4bJECobsM-00533-00249584-00250092 published at least 75 years ago in the 1,946 or before Alright.
gX4bJECobsM-00534-00250092-00250298 That's that's basically too early for software.
gX4bJECobsM-00535-00250298-00251006 but we are getting really close to this proficient applying to early software.
gX4bJECobsM-00536-00251006-00251576 It would apply to unpublished works, whose authors died in 1971 or earlier, definitely
gX4bJECobsM-00537-00251576-00252094 include software and to unpublished works of corporate authorship.
gX4bJECobsM-00538-00252094-00252716 So works me for hire those I’m not going to be in the last 20 years of their term,
gX4bJECobsM-00539-00252716-00253112 until we get to 100 years after the date they were created.
gX4bJECobsM-00540-00253112-00253681 So you know, we're talking about stuff from the 1920 s right now, and that's not going
gX4bJECobsM-00541-00253681-00254364 to include software for quite a while, which is issue because a lot of early software from
gX4bJECobsM-00542-00254364-00254748 the mid twentieth century is probably work made for higher
gX4bJECobsM-00543-00254748-00255159 and probably doesn't meet the standard of publication under us law.
gX4bJECobsM-00544-00255159-00255731 at any rate, 100 eighth is here waiting for us to use it for software.
gX4bJECobsM-00545-00255731-00256227 And you know we also have fair use if 100 eighth doesn't.
gX4bJECobsM-00546-00256227-00256642 Apply to the the stuff you want to do with with mid-century software.
gX4bJECobsM-00547-00256642-00256850 All right.
gX4bJECobsM-00548-00256850-00257309 So there is this guide to implementing section 108 at your institution.
gX4bJECobsM-00549-00257309-00257517 Basically, you want to check that.
gX4bJECobsM-00550-00257517-00258060 You meet the eligibility requirements and then stay within the parameters of whichever
gX4bJECobsM-00551-00258060-00258313 subsection you're relying on.
gX4bJECobsM-00552-00258313-00258956 You wanna retain the works copyright notice or use a substitute statement and watch out
gX4bJECobsM-00553-00258956-00259192 for relying on 108.
gX4bJECobsM-00554-00259192-00259783 If If you learn that you're doing related or concerted reproduction, you can't do
gX4bJECobsM-00555-00259783-00260211 that so you would have to think about it under fair use.
gX4bJECobsM-00556-00260211-00260578 There are also those additional steps for one to 8, D.
gX4bJECobsM-00557-00260578-00261044 And E. I have them outlined in the in the guide.
gX4bJECobsM-00558-00261044-00261302 All right.
gX4bJECobsM-00559-00261302-00261461 So now as promised.
gX4bJECobsM-00560-00261461-00262174 I’m going to do a quick comparison of the 2 provisions I already mentioned 30 point.
gX4bJECobsM-00561-00262174-00262972 One includes museums in the eligible entities that's a clear difference.
gX4bJECobsM-00562-00262972-00263149 Language around access.
gX4bJECobsM-00563-00263149-00263827 30.1, one b as Grant mentioned talks about in-person consultation, and one way didn't
gX4bJECobsM-00564-00263827-00264080 have any language about that.
gX4bJECobsM-00565-00264080-00264185 Originally.
gX4bJECobsM-00566-00264185-00265156 hi in the 19 nineties when Congress added that language about access, you can't provide
gX4bJECobsM-00567-00265156-00265587 remote access to something that's a digital copy.
gX4bJECobsM-00568-00265587-00266288 That kind of makes it clear that that access was always included in 108 Bnc.
gX4bJECobsM-00569-00266288-00266752 And I think you know they don't make a whole lot of sense without access.
gX4bJECobsM-00570-00266752-00266917 there.
gX4bJECobsM-00571-00266917-00267061 So that's.
gX4bJECobsM-00572-00267061-00267696 that's a comparison and then where it gets quite messy to compare is is looking at eligibility
gX4bJECobsM-00573-00267696-00268122 for copying, so so I’m just looking at at 108 B and C I’m
gX4bJECobsM-00574-00268122-00268598 comparing them to 30.1, one A, B and C.
gX4bJECobsM-00575-00268598-00269120 And the distinction between the different sections is different.
gX4bJECobsM-00576-00269120-00269302 Under us line under Canadian loss.
gX4bJECobsM-00577-00269302-00269599 So 30.1 1.
gX4bJECobsM-00578-00269599-00270041 A talks about rare or unpublished works.
gX4bJECobsM-00579-00270041-00270724 So you know, Graeme gave the example of unpublished software on a floppy disk, or, you know, commercially
gX4bJECobsM-00580-00270724-00270900 distributed software like Oregon trail.
gX4bJECobsM-00581-00270900-00271202 They could both be reproduced potentially under 30 point.
gX4bJECobsM-00582-00271202-00271508 1 one A.
gX4bJECobsM-00583-00271508-00271838 To do the same stuff under one o 8.
gX4bJECobsM-00584-00271838-00272559 You would have to kind of split it across one way, B, and one to 8 c.
gX4bJECobsM-00585-00272559-00272891 Because one applies to unpublished works, and one of published works.
gX4bJECobsM-00586-00272891-00273599 And then the other thing that we that we really wanted to mention here, which Graeme already
gX4bJECobsM-00587-00273599-00274321 mentioned when he was talking, is the breadth in 30 point, 1 one c.
gX4bJECobsM-00588-00274321-00274825 Nice so compared with the Us.
gX4bJECobsM-00589-00274825-00275625 provision we just have we're the copy is damage deteriorating loss stolen or obsolete.
gX4bJECobsM-00590-00275625-00276127 Then, and so it just needs to be obsolete.
gX4bJECobsM-00591-00276127-00276492 In order to be copied under one but 30 point.
gX4bJECobsM-00592-00276492-00276592 1.
gX4bJECobsM-00593-00276592-00277382 one, c. says that it could be where the library archive or museum considers that is obsolete
gX4bJECobsM-00594-00277382-00277972 or is becoming obsolete, or that the technology it's unavailable or becoming unavailable and
gX4bJECobsM-00595-00277972-00278405 that technology part that is part of the Us.
gX4bJECobsM-00596-00278405-00278530 understanding of obsolete.
gX4bJECobsM-00597-00278530-00279314 The additional deference to LAMs and and LAM workers that's in the Canadian staff.
gX4bJECobsM-00598-00279314-00279533 It doesn't really have the analog.
gX4bJECobsM-00599-00279533-00280068 under us law alright So one more thing, and then I’ll hand it back to Graeme to talk
gX4bJECobsM-00600-00280068-00280296 about tpms, and then we'll take your questions
gX4bJECobsM-00601-00280296-00281378 Even when it looks like one way is gonna work perfectly or you're right within the balance
gX4bJECobsM-00602-00281378-00281537 of of 30.1.
gX4bJECobsM-00603-00281537-00282246 There are some other issues that can that can be a problem and One of them is contracts
gX4bJECobsM-00604-00282246-00282669 or terms of use or any kind of agreement that has been made.
gX4bJECobsM-00605-00282669-00282984 That's that's legally binding about how the software is going
gX4bJECobsM-00606-00282984-00283208 to be used.
gX4bJECobsM-00607-00283208-00283727 So when we're talking about contracts key questions are always going to be.
gX4bJECobsM-00608-00283727-00283974 Was there actually a contract made, you know?
gX4bJECobsM-00609-00283974-00284074 Was it formed?
gX4bJECobsM-00610-00284074-00284861 And in the us we have pesla that's kind of all over the place on you know how much does
gX4bJECobsM-00611-00284861-00285415 one party need to actually agree with the other party in order to be bound to the contract?
gX4bJECobsM-00612-00285415-00285914 Is it enough to unwrap the the shrink wrap software license?
gX4bJECobsM-00613-00285914-00286404 Is it enough to just browse to the website that has terms of service?
gX4bJECobsM-00614-00286404-00286557 So that would be.
gX4bJECobsM-00615-00286557-00286822 The first question is, is a contract actually formed?
gX4bJECobsM-00616-00286822-00287378 The next question, especially for cultural institutions would be are you a party to the
gX4bJECobsM-00617-00287378-00287974 contract, because somebody else may have formed a contract with the software distributor in
gX4bJECobsM-00618-00287974-00288114 1985.
gX4bJECobsM-00619-00288114-00288663 But it wasn't necessarily your institution so if it's not in the contract essentially
gX4bJECobsM-00620-00288663-00289239 doesn't apply to you, you know, borrowing some obscure stuff like you being a successor
gX4bJECobsM-00621-00289239-00289608 to the person who was originally party to
gX4bJECobsM-00622-00289608-00289708 the contract.
gX4bJECobsM-00623-00289708-00290217 But if it's just coming to you from a donor, you're probably not a party to the and then
gX4bJECobsM-00624-00290217-00290782 we have to look at what the contact says and this ties into another project in the lawn
gX4bJECobsM-00625-00290782-00291001 policy work working group at
gX4bJECobsM-00626-00291001-00291508 SPN that we've been working on that's not published yet, but we have this idea that
gX4bJECobsM-00627-00291508-00292143 maybe contracts were nicer back in the day, and it seems like that was wrong.
gX4bJECobsM-00628-00292143-00292700 You know, they might have been shorter than they still contain a lot of the restrictive
gX4bJECobsM-00629-00292700-00292863 language that we don't like to see.
gX4bJECobsM-00630-00292863-00293369 As far as software preservation goes so you would have to look at a particular contract
gX4bJECobsM-00631-00293369-00293557 to figure out if it's a problem.
gX4bJECobsM-00632-00293557-00294301 If you think that there's one that's binding on your instruction, and the extra bad news
gX4bJECobsM-00633-00294301-00294796 for the Americans on the call is that 108 explicitly says that it's leaving contractual
gX4bJECobsM-00634-00294796-00294896 obligations
gX4bJECobsM-00635-00294896-00294996 in intact.
gX4bJECobsM-00636-00294996-00295779 so you can't say Oh, one away it allows this therefore it's fine you're kind of you're
gX4bJECobsM-00637-00295779-00296023 stuck if you have a contract that's binding
gX4bJECobsM-00638-00296023-00296268 then 108 is not gonna help you out.
gX4bJECobsM-00639-00296268-00297058 at 30.1 does not have that language, and I will pull up the last slide for Grant.
gX4bJECobsM-00640-00297058-00297272 Now, thank you.
gX4bJECobsM-00641-00297272-00297680 So another thing to consider as I’ve already discussed.
gX4bJECobsM-00642-00297680-00298256 Which forms part of the guide is the role that TPMs play in particular.
gX4bJECobsM-00643-00298256-00299027 Essentially limiting or determining which bits of your software collection you can
gX4bJECobsM-00644-00299027-00299705 We produce, using 3, one section, one, and weight, but also the other exceptions.
gX4bJECobsM-00645-00299705-00300345 In each of our country's respective copyright acts and the question is still somewhat unclear,
gX4bJECobsM-00646-00300345-00301315 I think, in both jurisdictions, whether TPMs do override and limit lawful use in sections
gX4bJECobsM-00647-00301315-00301415 one
gX4bJECobsM-00648-00301415-00301787 of 7, one oh, 8 sections, 29, and 30 in Canada.
gX4bJECobsM-00649-00301787-00302700 So in the Us. we have something called a circuit split, where we sort of have call contradictory.
gX4bJECobsM-00650-00302700-00302848 Case law at place.
gX4bJECobsM-00651-00302848-00303405 so it's still hard to rely on that side of the law to to make decisions about whether
gX4bJECobsM-00652-00303405-00303602 TPM applies.
gX4bJECobsM-00653-00303602-00304445 But if Tpms to override, use and other exceptions, SPN has worked to establish exceptions.
gX4bJECobsM-00654-00304445-00305259 So these anti-circumvention rules for software collections, including most recently in 2021
gX4bJECobsM-00655-00305259-00306101 where remote access rights for non-game software, was secured during the DMCA triennial rulemaking
gX4bJECobsM-00656-00306101-00306217 process.
gX4bJECobsM-00657-00306217-00306836 And when these slides are shared there's a link there to a slide deck by Brandon that
gX4bJECobsM-00658-00306836-00307539 goes into what actually was one in that process, and what some of the implications are for
gX4bJECobsM-00659-00307539-00307639 fair use
gX4bJECobsM-00660-00307639-00307900 and for other things about different.
gX4bJECobsM-00661-00307900-00308454 But it like we're still we still don't know if what the implications might be if no, and
gX4bJECobsM-00662-00308454-00308560 similarly, in Canada.
gX4bJECobsM-00663-00308560-00308957 there's sort of multiple strands of clarity
gX4bJECobsM-00664-00308957-00309877 seeking going on there's the possible outcome of the black locks, cases where interveners
gX4bJECobsM-00665-00309877-00310561 have participated in where there may be some instructive findings by court about was it
gX4bJECobsM-00666-00310561-00310698 parliament's
gX4bJECobsM-00667-00310698-00311642 intent to override users rights in the act with section 41, s, 41 itself.
gX4bJECobsM-00668-00311642-00312294 Says that it may impact other certain things, namely, research, private study.
gX4bJECobsM-00669-00312294-00312918 And allows the government cancel the means to issue regulation, to limit the scope of
gX4bJECobsM-00670-00312918-00313060 Section 41.
gX4bJECobsM-00671-00313060-00313400 There has been no such regulation released.
gX4bJECobsM-00672-00313400-00314013 and there is no sort of formal process, for, like the the rule making for Canadians to
gX4bJECobsM-00673-00314013-00314517 ban together and make a plea for such a limitation on the scope, and of course
gX4bJECobsM-00674-00314517-00315449 is the upcoming mandated review of the Copyright Act, 2,02223, where there's a chance that
gX4bJECobsM-00675-00315449-00315835 sort of legislation could be could be released at might the
gX4bJECobsM-00676-00315835-00316628 scope, but otherwise we still don't really know what tpms might do to our users rights.
gX4bJECobsM-00677-00316628-00317167 and I think that's a fairly optimistic way of looking at it
gX4bJECobsM-00678-00317167-00317641 And I and I tried to strike a balance between the sort of the bleak view, and I’m more
gX4bJECobsM-00679-00317641-00317906 optimistic of view in the guide.
gX4bJECobsM-00680-00317906-00318615 But really I think it's still an unknown in Canada what the scope of section 41 is for
gX4bJECobsM-00681-00318615-00319507 lands and for users rights motion more generally, and that with that the end of our slides so
gX4bJECobsM-00682-00319507-00320380 if you all have any questions for free to post them in the chat, or unmute or un blind
gX4bJECobsM-00683-00320380-00320753 yourself, and ask a question.
gX4bJECobsM-00684-00320753-00321952 Be happy to try to answer them
gX4bJECobsM-00685-00321952-00324622 John, can you hear now?
gX4bJECobsM-00686-00324622-00325691 Oh, hi!
gX4bJECobsM-00687-00325691-00325926 Really interesting talks thank you both.
gX4bJECobsM-00688-00325926-00326628 I have a question around preservation of software where they sort of provenance might have been
gX4bJECobsM-00689-00326628-00326760 uncertain.
gX4bJECobsM-00690-00326760-00327457 Let's say or let's say you're not entirely sure how the software got into your collection.
gX4bJECobsM-00691-00327457-00327943 You don't necessarily have a maybe it was a donation Maybe it was something that somebody
gX4bJECobsM-00692-00327943-00328384 downloaded from somewhere, and it just sort of happened to show up in your archives.
gX4bJECobsM-00693-00328384-00329251 Does the copyright law, I mean, is that covered here, or what?
gX4bJECobsM-00694-00329251-00329440 What would be the status of that kind of software?
gX4bJECobsM-00695-00329440-00329572 we in a in a collection
gX4bJECobsM-00696-00329572-00330698 That's a great question, and I don't you you see more certain of something to say than
gX4bJECobsM-00697-00330698-00330830 I do.
gX4bJECobsM-00698-00330830-00330930 So.
gX4bJECobsM-00699-00330930-00331599 So there is affection in one of the other specific exceptions in in us, copyright law
gX4bJECobsM-00700-00331599-00331962 tax about and in 110.
gX4bJECobsM-00701-00331962-00332813 One says that you can only use 111 with a copy that was lawfully made, or at least one
gX4bJECobsM-00702-00332813-00333219 that you didn't know was not lawfully made or didn't have reason to know it was not lawfully
gX4bJECobsM-00703-00333219-00333319 made.
gX4bJECobsM-00704-00333319-00333832 there's not language like that in one way as far as I can
gX4bJECobsM-00705-00333832-00334304 So you know Congress, you us copyright.
gX4bJECobsM-00706-00334304-00334404 law.
gX4bJECobsM-00707-00334404-00334793 sometimes makes a distinction about this, and sometimes doesn't, and I don't think one
gX4bJECobsM-00708-00334793-00335075 o 8
gX4bJECobsM-00709-00335075-00335552 You know there's not a requirement like that in one way the year one way to see that says,
gX4bJECobsM-00710-00335552-00335855 Well, you can only preserve deteriorating works.
gX4bJECobsM-00711-00335855-00336452 if they were lawfully made in the first place, so
gX4bJECobsM-00712-00336452-00337031 there's that that's the 108 answer as opposed to the like.
gX4bJECobsM-00713-00337031-00337452 You know It's a big question, but as far as the one and 8 guide, I think.
gX4bJECobsM-00714-00337452-00338042 Basically it doesn't look at that issue yeah similarly in in Canadian leather are specific
gX4bJECobsM-00715-00338042-00338332 educational exceptions.
gX4bJECobsM-00716-00338332-00339013 Which do sort of yeah dial dale, down and say you know if if you should have known or
gX4bJECobsM-00717-00339013-00339635 know that it's a legitimate or unlockly required copy, then exception, doesn't apply but there's
gX4bJECobsM-00718-00339635-00339735 nothing
gX4bJECobsM-00719-00339735-00340277 in 30.1 or you know in the fair dealing exception, and some other users rights that have something
gX4bJECobsM-00720-00340277-00340427 similar to that.
gX4bJECobsM-00721-00340427-00340929 It's really the only thing works available on the Internet exception, which is specifically
gX4bJECobsM-00722-00340929-00341609 sort of an education and teaching focused, exception, where there there is a requirement,
gX4bJECobsM-00723-00341609-00341709 there
gX4bJECobsM-00724-00341709-00342290 Thank you.
gX4bJECobsM-00725-00342290-00343994 That was that was helpful
gX4bJECobsM-00726-00343994-00344924 Yes, so just as a like in the chat.
gX4bJECobsM-00727-00344924-00345417 It would be nice to sort of indemnify archivists.
gX4bJECobsM-00728-00345417-00345617 We don't really have that under us law.
gX4bJECobsM-00729-00345617-00346603 but I will just mention provision in in the part of the copyright act in the Us.
gX4bJECobsM-00730-00346603-00346915 That talks about damages.
gX4bJECobsM-00731-00346915-00347219 and and what what happens at the end of a copyright case.
gX4bJECobsM-00732-00347219-00347915 If you are liable that's section 5 o 4 in in section 5, oh, 4, c.
gX4bJECobsM-00733-00347915-00348714 2 says that statutory damages shall be remitted by either not available.
gX4bJECobsM-00734-00348714-00349336 If the infringer had grounds, had reasonable grounds for believing that their use was a
gX4bJECobsM-00735-00349336-00350224 fair use under Section 107, and the infringer was an agent or employee of a nonprofit educational
gX4bJECobsM-00736-00350224-00350857 Institute library, or archives, or the library, or archives, or institution itself.
gX4bJECobsM-00737-00350857-00352354 So there's that
gX4bJECobsM-00738-00352354-00353239 Graeme is saying in the chat that there's similar limited indemnification.
gX4bJECobsM-00739-00353239-00353560 Related to evasion of TPMs for LAM employees
gX4bJECobsM-00740-00353560-00355072 Any other last minute questions.
gX4bJECobsM-00741-00355072-00355437 Well, I guess this is your I guess we are literally out of time.
gX4bJECobsM-00742-00355437-00356164 But at the buzzer there's literally never been any litigation about 108 per se that
gX4bJECobsM-00743-00356164-00356264 I’m aware of.
gX4bJECobsM-00744-00356264-00356486 I think right, Ana.
gX4bJECobsM-00745-00356486-00356999 And then so Graeme, has there ever been litigation in Canada?
gX4bJECobsM-00746-00356999-00357534 About 30.1 per se I mean you mentioned some CCH which sort of mentions 30.1.
gX4bJECobsM-00747-00357534-00358360 but nobody has ever been sued and said, I’d use 30.1 and then one or lost right not that
gX4bJECobsM-00748-00358360-00358501 I’m aware of
gX4bJECobsM-00749-00358501-00359008 and you know similarly similar to how anaframe the have to address case.
gX4bJECobsM-00750-00359008-00359714 The CCH case, the case of a publisher saying no no no, you're limited to this specific
gX4bJECobsM-00751-00359714-00360169 exception, and the Supreme Court saying Yes, but also for dealing.
gX4bJECobsM-00752-00360169-00361146 But I’m not aware of a litigation that specifically grew out of the the disputed use of of 3.2
gX4bJECobsM-00753-00361146-00361421 for that matter.
gX4bJECobsM-00754-00361421-00361521 Yeah.
gX4bJECobsM-00755-00361521-00361697 Okay? cool.
gX4bJECobsM-00756-00361697-00362187 Well, so then, I mean you know maybe that's another interesting in thinking about these
gX4bJECobsM-00757-00362187-00362731 guides, and these provisions like nobody wants to sue libraries.
gX4bJECobsM-00758-00362731-00363210 That's the reason these things aren't litigated and libraries are very careful, and so you
gX4bJECobsM-00759-00363210-00363724 know that's another part of living, living, you know, living as a library within the realm
gX4bJECobsM-00760-00363724-00363837 of copyright.
gX4bJECobsM-00761-00363837-00364322 Is, we don't we don't have a lot of apple tight for risk, but we're probably also not
gX4bJECobsM-00762-00364322-00364602 subject to a lot of risk.
gX4bJECobsM-00763-00364602-00364936 So you know it's a weird it's a weird place to be.
gX4bJECobsM-00764-00364936-00365332 but it's not as scary as maybe it seems at first.
gX4bJECobsM-00765-00365332-00365432 Clients.
gX4bJECobsM-00766-00365432-00365593 Okay, Thanks.
gX4bJECobsM-00767-00365593-00365693 guys.
gX4bJECobsM-00768-00365693-00365793 Sorry.
gX4bJECobsM-00769-00365793-00366414 All right, well, thanks everyone for joining us.
gX4bJECobsM-00770-00366414-00367918 Let us either of us know if you have any questions about the guides.