Efficient and safe recipient preparation for transplantation of XXXX spermatogonial stem cells: pretreating testes with @entity1457 .

@entity1 @entity137 @entity19 @entity1457 @entity1863
Recipient preparation is of prime importance for the successful transplantation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). @entity1863 destroys endogenous germs cells and is commonly used for recipient preparation. However, @entity1863 produces significant side effects, including systemic @entity137 , and it is lethal in certain species. The side effects associated with @entity1863 compromise the efficiency of SSC transplantation and threaten the safety of recipients. Here, we show that @entity1457 treatment of testes can be used as an alternative to @entity1863 treatment. Fourteen days after @entity1457 treatment, @entity19 received a testicular injection of donor germ cells expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). @entity1863 -treated @entity19 were used as controls. Two months after transplantation, the number (12    1 mm) and length (30.46    5.23 mm) of EGFP-expressing testicular colonies in @entity1457 -treated recipients were not significantly different from those in @entity1863 -treated recipients. Furthermore, healthy EGFP-expressing offspring were obtained after intracytoplasmic injection of round spermatids recovered from @entity1457 -treated recipients. This result indicates that donor SSCs undergo complete spermatogenesis in the @entity1457 -treated testes of recipients. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of using @entity1457 for the preparation of recipients before SSC transplantation in @entity19 . @entity1457 may prove to be useful for recipient preparation in @entity1 species in which @entity1863 produces significant @entity137 .
