Association of increased arterial wave reflections with XXXX stages 3 and 4.

@entity1 @entity9136 @entity8 @entity6 @entity740 @entity1011
BACKGROUND: Increased arterial wave reflections predict cardiovascular events in dialysis @entity1 . Their impact on the progression of @entity8 has not been determined. METHODS: We prospectively quantified wave reflections as pressure augmentation (AP) and augmentation index (AIx) using radial applanation tonometry and a transfer function, in 111 @entity1 (mean age 53.6 years; 71 @entity1 , 31 @entity6 ) with @entity740 not requiring dialysis. Primary endpoint was a composite of doubling of serum @entity1011 , need for dialysis, and transplantation. Secondary endpoint was a combination of renal and cardiovascular events. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 41.3 months, 37 and 46 @entity1 reached the primary and the secondary endpoint. AIx and AP proved statistically significant predictors of the renal endpoint (P < 0.05 for all), with a 2.5- and 3-fold increased risk for @entity1 in the highest vs. the lowest tertile, respectively. After adjustment for mean blood pressure (MBP), age, gender, @entity6 , serum albumin, hemoglobin, urine albumin/ @entity1011 ratio, and renal function at baseline, AIx (hazard ratio 1.474/10% increase in AIx, P = 0.04) as well as AP (hazard ratio 1.559/10 mm Hg increase in AP, P = 0.04) remained significant predictors of the renal endpoint. In addition, AIx and AP were significant (P < 0.05) predictors of the combined cardiorenal endpoint in univariate analysis and multivariable models. CONCLUSION: Increased arterial wave reflections are independent predictors of renal as well as @entity9136 in @entity1 with @entity740 .
