Hydrolysis enhances bioavailability of proanthocyanidin-derived metabolites and improves b-cell function in @entity413 intolerant XXXX .

@entity16377 @entity6 @entity3088 @entity1017 @entity35 @entity3587 @entity413 @entity16180
@entity16377 ( @entity16180 ) are a highly consumed class of @entity3088 and their consumption has been linked to beneficial effects in type 2 @entity6 . However, limited gastrointestinal absorption occurs due to the polymeric structure of @entity16180 . We hypothesized that hydrolysis of the @entity16180 polymer would increase bioavailability, thus leading to enhanced beneficial effects on @entity413 homeostasis and pancreatic b-cell function. @entity16180 -rich @entity3587 seed coats (PSC) were supplemented to a high-fat diet (HFD) either in native ( @entity16180 ) or hydrolyzed (HPAC) form fed to @entity35 for 4 weeks. HFD or low-fat diet groups were controls. @entity16180 -derived compounds were characterized in both PSC and serum. @entity413 and insulin tolerance tests were conducted. Pancreatic a-cell and b-cell areas and @entity413 -stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from isolated islets were measured. Increased @entity16180 -derived metabolites were detected in the serum of HPAC-fed @entity35 compared to @entity16180 -fed @entity35 , suggesting hydrolysis of PSC-enhanced @entity16180 bioavailability. This was associated with ~18% less (P<.05) @entity1017 compared to HFD without affecting food intake, as well as improvement in @entity413 disposal in vivo. There was a 2-fold decrease of a/b-cell area ratio and a 2.5-fold increase in GSIS from isolated islets of HPAC-fed @entity35 . These results demonstrate that hydrolysis of PSC-derived @entity16180 increased the bioavailability of @entity16180 -derived products, which is critical for enhancing beneficial effects on @entity413 homeostasis and pancreatic b-cell function.
