[Clinical characteristics and speech therapy of XXXX ].

@entity1 @entity66 @entity2526 @entity74 @entity7687 @entity717 @entity2419
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics and speech therapy of 62 @entity1 with @entity7687 . METHODS: Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), Gesell development scales (Gesell), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Preschool @entity1 (WPPSI) and speech test were performed for 62 @entity1 at the ages of 3 to 8 years with @entity7687 . PPVT was used to measure receptive vocabulary skills. GESELL and WPPSI were utilized to represent cognitive and non-verbal ability. The speech test was adopted to assess the speech development. The @entity1 received speech therapy and auxiliary oral-motor functional training once or twice a week. Firstly the target sound was identified according to the speech development milestone, then the method of speech localization was used to clarify the correct articulation placement and manner. It was needed to change food character and administer oral-motor functional training for @entity1 with oral @entity66 . RESULTS: The 62 cases with the apical @entity7687 were classified into four groups. The combined pattern of the @entity7687 was the most common (40 cases, 64.5%), the next was @entity2526 (15 cases, 24.2%). The third was @entity2419 (4 cases, 6.5%) and the last one was the @entity74 (3 cases, 4.8%). The substitution errors of velar were the most common (95.2%), the next was omission errors (30.6%) and the last was absence of aspiration (12.9%). @entity66 was found in some @entity1 with problems such as @entity717 and head, unstable jaw, weak tongue strength and poor coordination of tongue movement. Some @entity1 had feeding problems such as preference of eating soft food, keeping food in mouths, eating slowly, and poor chewing. After 5 to 18 times of therapy, the effective rate of speech therapy reached 82.3%. CONCLUSION: The lingua-apical @entity7687 can be classified into four groups. The combined pattern of the articulation errors is the most common one. Most of the apical sounds are replaced by velar sounds. The speech localization method is very useful in the therapy of apical @entity7687 . For @entity1 with feeding problems and oral @entity66 , it is needed to improve food texture and administer oral motor skill training.
