Chronic alcohol ingestion modulates hepatic macrophage populations and functions in XXXX .

@entity32 @entity19777 @entity19347 @entity19 @entity10062 @entity11496 @entity8019 @entity3804 @entity99 @entity1068
Hepatic @entity19777 , consisting of resident KCs and infiltrating monocytes/IMs, are thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity8019 . Previous work has focused on KCs or studied hepatic @entity19777 as one cell population. The aim of the current study is to distinguish IMs from KCs and to compare their phenotypes and functions. We show here that a 4-week @entity1068 feeding of C57BL/6J @entity19 causes recruitment of IMs into the liver. KCs and IMs can be distinguished based on their differential expression of @entity11496 and @entity3804 . IMs can be divided further into two subsets based on their differential expression of @entity19347 . KCs and two subsets of IMs were separately purified by @entity10062 . The phagocytosis abilities and the expression profiles of genes related to various functions were compared among different populations of hepatic @entity19777 . @entity19347 (low) IMs exhibit an anti-inflammatory and tissue-protective phenotype; in contrast, @entity19347 (hi) IMs exhibit a proinflammatory, tissue-damaging phenotype. The ratio of @entity19347 (hi)/ @entity19347 (low) increases when @entity19 chronically fed @entity1068 were binged, which significantly enhanced @entity99 . Moreover, upon phagocytosis of apoptotic hepatocytes, @entity19347 (hi) IMs switch to @entity19347 (low) IMs. Taken together, chronic @entity1068 feeding induces the recruitment of two subsets of hepatic IMs, which play different or even opposite roles in regulating liver @entity32 and repair. These findings may not only increase our understanding of the complex functions of @entity19777 in the pathogenesis of @entity8019 but also help us to identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of this disease.
