Relationship between smoking and XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1296 @entity548 @entity1353 @entity27915 @entity1702 @entity14696 @entity392 @entity1282 @entity393 @entity4838 @entity2169 @entity10 @entity158
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the possible relationship between smoking and @entity14696 in smokers, non-smokers and ex-smokers. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between March 01st, 2014 and March 31st, 2014, a total of 1,840 @entity1 (823 males, 1,017 females) over 25 years of age who were admitted to the ear nose, and throat (ENT) outpatient clinic were included in the study. The @entity1 who were smoking at least 10 cigarettes daily for at least five years were included in the smokers group (n=514). The @entity1 who did not smoke for at least one year following at least five years of smoking were included in the ex-smokers group (n=268). The @entity1 who never smoked were included in the non-smokers group (n=1,058). A form containing all ENT symptoms was given to all @entity1 and the @entity1 were asked to fill the form with their complaints following being informed by the same doctor. RESULTS: Cough, @entity1353 , reflux, dryness of throat, irritation, @entity1702 , bad breath, toothache, nasal congestion, @entity4838 , snoring, and nasal discharge were found to be significantly higher in the smokers group, compared to the non-smokers group. Cough, sputum, hoarseness, @entity1282 , reflux, sore throat, dryness of throat, irritation, stinging, oral aphthae, @entity1702 , toothache, @entity548 gums, and bad breath were significantly lower in the ex-smokers group. Nasal congestion, nosebleeds, sneezing, nasal discharge, @entity4838 , @entity10 , feeling of facial @entity27915 , @entity2169 , @entity393 , @entity158 , @entity27915 , @entity1296 , and @entity392 were statistically significantly lower in the ex-smokers group. CONCLUSION: Our study results show that smoking causes symptoms particularly associated with upper respiratory tract and these symptoms may persist in ex-smokers.
