Neural stem/progenitor cells differentiate into oligodendrocytes, reduce inflammation, and ameliorate @entity4207 after transplantation in a XXXX model of @entity131 .

@entity131 @entity18900 @entity19 @entity1315 @entity4207 @entity31247 @entity7424 @entity5233 @entity130
The central nervous system has limited capacity for regeneration after @entity130 . Transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) has been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach while @entity7424 ( @entity7424 ) has neuroprotective properties following various experimental insults to the nervous system. We have previously shown that NPCs transduced with a lentiviral vector for @entity7424 overexpression have an enhanced ability to give rise to neurons in vitro but also in vivo, upon transplantation in a @entity19 model of @entity1315 . Here we studied the regenerative potential of NPCs, @entity7424 -transduced or not, in a @entity19 model of @entity131 . NPC transplantation, with or without @entity7424 transduction, rescued the injury-induced @entity4207 as revealed in the Morris Water Maze. Moreover, it had beneficial effects on the host tissue by reducing astroglial activation and microglial/macrophage accumulation while enhancing generation of endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells. One or two months after transplantation the grafted NPCs had migrated towards the lesion site and in the neighboring myelin-rich regions. Transplanted cells differentiated toward the oligodendroglial, but not the neuronal or astrocytic lineages, expressing the early and late oligodendrocyte markers @entity5233 , @entity18900 , and @entity31247 . The newly generated oligodendrocytes reached maturity and formed myelin internodes. Our current and previous observations illustrate the high plasticity of transplanted NPCs which can acquire injury-dependent phenotypes within the host CNS, supporting the fact that reciprocal interactions between transplanted cells and the host tissue are an important factor to be considered when designing prospective cell-based therapies for CNS degenerative conditions. GLIA 2016;64:763-779.
