The incidence, causes, mechanism, risk factors, classification, and diagnosis of XXXX @entity130 .

@entity174 @entity1 @entity397 @entity130
BACKGROUND: Pelvic fracture @entity130 (PFUI) is an uncommon but potentially devastating result of @entity174 . It ranges in severity based on the cause and the mechanism of injury. METHODS: We reviewed previous reports to identify the incidence, causes, mechanisms of injury and risk factors of PFUI. In addition, we reviewed the current classification systems and diagnostic methods that have been described to assess the severity of PFUI, to identify optimal management strategies and evaluate outcomes. RESULTS: PFUI occurs more commonly in @entity1 , but is more likely to be severe in @entity1 . The most common cause is motor vehicle collisions, and the mechanism is typically a @entity397 at the attachment to the urethra. There is no reliable classification system to differentiate partial and complete PFUI. Retrograde urethrography is the standard imaging method but it has its limitations. CONCLUSIONS: Despite many reports describing this injury, there is still a need to further clarify the incidence, aetiology and mechanism of injury to better determine optimal management strategies and evaluate outcomes. Consensus in the diagnosis of PFUI is lacking, and outcomes of primary realignment and the role of flexible cystoscopy as a diagnostic method are still to be determined.
