@entity1063 and heart rate variability: a marker of @entity8053 in chronic XXXX .

@entity1 @entity712 @entity1526 @entity4148 @entity8053 @entity299 @entity1063 @entity1002
The involvement of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in @entity1526 has been the subject of many studies, which have become more numerous since K  berle's pioneering work in the 1950s, showing the partial or total destruction of cardiac neurons. In order to investigate ANS involvement in the pathogenesis of chronic @entity1526 , seventy-five @entity1 with the condition were examined and divided into four groups, according to the Los Andes classification: I-A, I-B, II and III. Groups I-A and I-B included @entity1 at an early stage of @entity299 ; group II, @entity1 at an advanced stage without @entity712 ( @entity712 ); and group III, @entity1 at an advanced stage with @entity712 . @entity1063 (NE) levels were measured in 24 h urine collected from fifty-two chronic @entity1526 @entity1 (69%); twelve cardiopathic @entity1 of other etiologies, in functional class IV of the New York Heart Association (NYHA), selected as the control group; and ten normal individuals. 24-hour Holter monitoring was performed in fifty-six @entity1 (74.6%) to assess heart rate variability (HRV). HRV parameters were analyzed and distributed according to the Los Andes classification. @entity1063 levels were significantly higher (p = 0.0001) in the controls (non- @entity1526 @entity1 , NYHA IV) than in group III (chronic @entity1526 @entity1 ) according to the Los Andes classification. Reduction of HRV was observed in @entity1526 @entity1 , but unrelated to functional class, and the indices reflecting parasympathetic activity (pNN50 and rMSSD) were increased in our @entity1526 @entity1 . Our study concluded that the NE levels in @entity1526 @entity1 in an advanced stage of @entity299 (group III) did not rise as in cardiopathic @entity1 of other etiologies with a similar degree of @entity299 , which might be interpreted as an @entity4148 in the cases studied, but the increased levels of NE in groups I-A and I-B of the @entity1526 @entity1 can be interpreted as an early @entity4148 (sympathetic). HRV was reduced in our @entity1 , but the indices reflecting parasympathetic activity (pNN50 and rMSSD) were preserved in almost all @entity1526 @entity1 . However, the pNN50 index was reduced in group I-A, suggesting that @entity8053 may be an early phenomenon and may precede @entity1002 .
