The relationships between body composition characteristics and cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of older British XXXX .

@entity1 @entity650 @entity28 @entity6 @entity73 @entity6288 @entity65
BACKGROUND: Current research has established @entity28 as one of the main modifiable risk factors for @entity73 . However, evidence on the relationships of total and regional body composition measures as well as @entity6288 with cognitive functioning in the older population remains inconsistent. METHODS: Data are based on 1,570 @entity1 from the British Regional Heart Study (BRHS), a cohort of older British @entity1 from 24 British towns initiated in 1978-80, who were re-examined in 2010-12, aged 71-92 years. Cognitive functioning was assessed with the Test-Your-Memory cognitive screening tool. Body composition characteristics assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis included total fat mass (FM), central FM, peripheral FM, and visceral fat level. @entity6288 was defined using the European Working Group on @entity6288 in Older @entity1 (EWGSOP) definition of severe @entity6288 and the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) @entity6288 project criteria. RESULTS: Among 1,570 @entity1 , 636 (41  %) were classified in the @entity73 ( @entity73 ) and 133 (8  %) in the @entity73 ( @entity73 ) groups. Age-adjusted multinomial logistic regressions showed that compared with @entity1 in the normal cognitive ageing group, those with @entity73 were more likely to have waist circumference >102  cm, BMI >30  kg/m(2), to be in the upper quintile of total FM, central FM, peripheral FM and visceral fat level and to be sarcopenic. The relationships remained significant for total FM (RR   =   2.16, 95  % CI 1.29-3.63), central FM (RR   =   1.85, 95  % CI 1.09-3.14), peripheral FM (RR   =   2.67, 95  % CI 1.59-4.48), visceral fat level (RR   =   2.28, 95  % CI 1.32-3.94), BMI (RR   =   2.25, 95  % CI 1.36-3.72) and waist circumference (RR   =   1.63, 95  % CI 1.05-2.55) after adjustments for alcohol, smoking, social class, physical activity and history of @entity65 or @entity6 . After further adjustments for @entity650 and insulin resistance, central FM, waist circumference and @entity6288 were no longer significantly associated with @entity73 . CONCLUSIONS: Increased levels of peripheral FM, visceral fat level, and BMI are associated with @entity73 among older @entity1 . Distinct pathophysiological mechanisms link regional adipose tissue deposition and cognitive functioning.
