Effect of food additives on @entity2265 among XXXX with @entity454 : a randomized controlled trial.

@entity1 @entity3151 @entity2265 @entity454
CONTEXT: High dietary @entity3151 intake has deleterious consequences for renal @entity1 and is possibly harmful for the general public as well. To prevent @entity2265 , @entity1 with @entity454 limit their intake of foods that are naturally high in @entity3151 . However, @entity3151 -containing additives are increasingly being added to processed and fast foods. The effect of such additives on serum @entity3151 levels is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of limiting the intake of @entity3151 -containing food additives on serum @entity3151 levels among @entity1 with @entity454 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Cluster randomized controlled trial at 14 long-term hemodialysis facilities in northeast Ohio. Two hundred seventy-nine @entity1 with elevated baseline serum @entity3151 levels (>5.5 mg/dL) were recruited between May and October 2007. Two shifts at each of 12 large facilities and 1 shift at each of 2 small facilities were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. INTERVENTION: Intervention @entity1 (n=145) received education on avoiding foods with @entity3151 additives when purchasing groceries or visiting fast food restaurants. Control @entity1 (n=134) continued to receive usual care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Change in serum @entity3151 level after 3 months. RESULTS: At baseline, there was no significant difference in serum @entity3151 levels between the 2 groups. After 3 months, the decline in serum @entity3151 levels was 0.6 mg/dL larger among intervention vs control @entity1 (95% confidence interval, -1.0 to -0.1 mg/dL). Intervention @entity1 also had statistically significant increases in reading ingredient lists (P<.001) and nutrition facts labels (P = .04) but no significant increase in food knowledge scores (P = .13). CONCLUSION: Educating @entity454 @entity1 to avoid @entity3151 -containing food additives resulted in modest improvements in @entity2265 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00583570.
