The impact of non-injury-related factors on disability secondary to whiplash associated XXXX : a retrospective file review.

@entity1 @entity10540 @entity74 @entity717 @entity130
BACKGROUND: There is evidence to suggest that @entity74 ( @entity74 ) are influenced by physical @entity130 and psychosocial factors, as well as by medicolegal and compensation systems. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of noninjury related variables on self-reported disability at initial assessment among @entity1 presenting with @entity130 . DESIGN AND SETTING: We reviewed a total of 1101 consecutive files of @entity1 presenting to a single chiropractor's office in British Columbia, Canada. We included those who met the inclusion criteria. We extracted demographic variables and noninjury related information from 33 eligible @entity1 files. We calculated correlations between variables and created a multivariable linear regression model to evaluate their relative associations with @entity717 ( @entity717 ) scores on presentation. RESULTS: Higher @entity717 scores on initial assessment correlated with female sex (r = 0.40, P =.02), a greater number of subsequent treatments (r = 0.44, P =.01), a higher number of providers seen before presentation (r = 0.40, P =.02), and most strongly with the involvement of a lawyer (r = 0.73, P <.01). A multivariable linear regression model found that only female sex (P =.03) and the involvement of a lawyer (P =.01) remained significantly associated with higher @entity717 scores on presentation (adjusted R2 = 0.68 for the model). Female sex was associated with a 10-point increase in @entity717 scores on presentation (beta coefficient = 10.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.8-18.2), and involvement of a lawyer was associated with a 15-point increase in @entity717 scores on presentation (beta coefficient = 14.9; 95% CI 5.0-24.7). CONCLUSION: Our analysis of @entity10540 @entity1 in receipt of compensation found that higher self-reported disability on initial assessment was associated with female sex and in particular by retaining a lawyer. Large prospective studies are needed to establish the validity of these findings.
