Immediate effects of the audible pop from a thoracic spine thrust manipulation on the autonomic nervous system and XXXX : a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

@entity1 @entity4048 @entity158
PURPOSE: This study investigated the immediate effects of audible joint sounds following a supine T3-T4 spinal thrust manipulation on the autonomic nervous system activity using a fully automated pupillometry system in @entity1 with @entity4048 . An additional aim was to determine if audible sounds as perceived by the therapist were associated with the reduction of @entity158 following manipulation. METHODS: One hundred subjects with @entity4048 completed the study protocol. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the change scores of the 3 measuring points between the one-pop and multiple-pop groups. Subjects were randomized into either a manipulation or a mobilization group. A method of automated pupillometry was used in this study to capture pupil responsiveness. RESULTS: The analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > .05). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the median change scores between the mobilization, no-pop, and pop groups. The analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of change in pupil diameter between the 3 groups (P > .05).The Mann-Whitney U test demonstrated that the no-pop group (P = .031) and the multiple-pop group (P = .014) had a significant reduction of @entity158 ; however, it did not reach the minimal clinically significant level of 13 mm on the visual analog scale. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provided evidence that the presence of joint sounds does not influence the overall activity of the autonomic nervous system following a thrust manipulation or contribute to the reduction of @entity158 in @entity1 with @entity4048 .
