Hemodynamic and blockade effects of high/low @entity1425 doses during axillary brachial plexus blockade with XXXX 1.5%: A randomized, double-blinded study.

@entity1 @entity101 @entity1425 @entity1337 @entity591 @entity3303
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although @entity1425 commonly is added to local anesthetics for regional anesthesia, rarely it may cause undesirable hemodynamic side effects. This study compared the hemodynamic and blockade effects of 25 and 200 microg @entity1425 during axillary brachial plexus blockade with @entity3303 1.5%. METHODS: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologist classification I or II @entity1 were divided randomly into 3 groups. @entity1 in group 1 received 5 mL of saline containing 25 microg @entity1425 and then 35 mL of 1.5% @entity3303 ; @entity1 in group 2 received 5 mL of saline alone and then 200 microg of @entity1425 mixed with 35 mL of 1.5% @entity3303 ; @entity1 in group 3 received 5 mL of saline alone and then 35 mL of 1.5% @entity3303 . Hemodynamic data were measured for 1 to 10 minutes at 1-minute intervals after axillary injection. The duration time of motor and sensory block was recorded. RESULTS: Complete anesthesia was achieved in 85% of @entity1 in groups 1 and 3 and 90% in group 2. Motor block duration was significantly longer in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3 (P <.05). There were no significant differences in analgesia between groups 1 and 2. @entity1337 duration was significantly longer in groups 1 and 2 than in group 3 (P <.05). Heart rate from the 3rd to 6th minute was higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3 (P <.05). Systolic arterial pressure from the 3rd to 5th minute and diastolic arterial pressure from 2nd to 6th minute were higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3 (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose @entity1425 offers more stable hemodynamics and similar blockade, and thus may be beneficial for @entity1 undergoing forearm and hand surgery who are at risk for @entity591 and/or @entity101 .
