Sex Differences in the Associations of Hemodynamic Load With XXXX and Concentric Remodeling.

@entity1 @entity101 @entity4346 @entity2333 @entity121
BACKGROUND: @entity4346 ( @entity4346 ) and concentric remodeling are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We hypothesized that measures of arterial load are associated with @entity4346 and concentric remodeling, and that associations differ by sex. METHODS: We studied 600 non-Hispanic whites (59% @entity1 ) belonging to @entity101 sibships. By integrating arterial tonometry with echocardiography, we obtained the following hemodynamic measures: aortic characteristic impedance (Z c), proximal aortic compliance (PAC), systemic vascular resistance, augmentation index, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). @entity4346 and concentric remodeling were assessed by left ventricular mass indexed to body surface area (LVMI) and @entity121 ( @entity121 ), respectively. LVMI was log-transformed to reduce skewness. Hemodynamic measures were indexed to body size. Sex-specific multivariable linear regression analyses adjusting for confounders were performed to assess the associations of measures of arterial load with log LVMI and @entity121 . RESULTS: None of the hemodynamic measures were associated with LVMI in either sex, or with @entity121 in @entity1 . However, in @entity1 , measures of @entity2333 and early, pulsatile hemodynamic load were independently associated with increased @entity121 : b    SE = 0.008  0.004 for Z c; 0.003  0.001 for cfPWV, and -0.009  0.003 for PAC (P  <= 0.05 for each). Female sex was a significant effect modifier of the associations of Z c, cfPWV, and PAC with @entity121 (P  <= 0.03 for each of the interaction terms). CONCLUSIONS: Greater Z c and cfPWV and lower PAC are independently associated with increased @entity121 in @entity1 but not in @entity1 . Our findings suggest that @entity2333 and greater early, pulsatile hemodynamic load affect left ventricular concentric remodeling in a sex-specific manner.
