Efficacy and safety of intravenous XXXX administered by ambulance personnel.

@entity1 @entity26 @entity772 @entity158 @entity551 @entity3575
BACKGROUND: Management of @entity158 in the pre-hospital setting is often inadequate. In 2011, ambulance personnel were authorized to administer intravenous @entity3575 in the Central Denmark Region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous @entity3575 administered by ambulance personnel. METHODS: Pre-hospital medical charts from 2348 adults treated with intravenous @entity3575 by ambulance personnel during a 6-month period were reviewed. The primary outcome was the change in @entity158 intensity on a numeric rating scale (NRS) from before @entity3575 treatment to hospital arrival. Secondary outcomes included the number of @entity1 with reduction in @entity158 intensity during transport (NRS >=  2), the number of @entity1 with NRS > 3 at hospital arrival, and potential @entity3575 -related side effects. RESULTS: @entity3575 reduced @entity158 from before treatment (8, IQR 7-9) to hospital arrival (4, IQR 3-6) (NRS reduction: 3, IQR 2-5; P = 0.001), 79.3% of all @entity1 had a reduction in > 2 on the NRS during transport, and 58.4% of @entity1 experienced @entity158 at hospital arrival (NRS > 3). Twenty-one @entity1 (0.9%) had @entity26 saturation < 90%. A decrease in Glasgow @entity772 Scale was seen in 31 @entity1 (1.3%) and @entity551 observed in 71 @entity1 (3.0%). CONCLUSION: Intravenous @entity3575 caused clinically meaningful @entity158 reduction in most @entity1 and was safe in the hands of ambulance personnel. Many @entity1 had moderate to severe @entity158 at hospital arrival. As the protocol allowed higher doses of @entity3575 , feedback on effect and safety should be part of continuous education of ambulance personnel.
