Expression of @entity1722 , @entity876 , @entity588 , XXXX , @entity517 and Ki-67 in apocrine metaplasia and apocrine change within sclerosing adenosis of the breast.

@entity1137 @entity5066 @entity589 @entity0 @entity588 @entity75 @entity1373 @entity517 @entity189 @entity513 @entity876 @entity1722
Molecular evidence has recently suggested a number of different pathways leading to the development of @entity0 . The links between @entity1373 and low-grade @entity513 in @entity1137 and @entity1137 are well known pathologically, but high-grade in situ and invasive @entity189 appear to have a different biological oncogenetic pathway. Morphologically there is a similarity between apocrine cells and some cases of high-grade @entity513 . In order to investigate this possibility a number of different biological markers known to occur in high-grade @entity0 were assessed in both apocrine metaplasia (APM) and a putative @entity75 called apocrine change within sclerosing adenosis ( @entity5066 ). In 64 cases of APM and 18 cases of @entity5066 we examined for expression of @entity1722 , @entity876 , @entity588 , @entity589 , @entity517 and Ki-67 proteins using immunocytochemistry. @entity1722 expression was seen in 55.6% of @entity5066 cases and in 10.9% of APM cases. @entity876 expression was detected in 27.8% of @entity5066 cases but only 1.6% of APM cases. All cases of @entity5066 and APM were negative for the anti-apoptotic protein @entity588 , but all the APM and 33.3% of @entity5066 cases showed cytoplasmic positivity for @entity589 , a pro-apoptotic protein. All the cases of @entity5066 and APM were positive for @entity517 oncoprotein, however, the mean percentage of nuclear positivity was 50% in @entity5066 and 37% in cases of APM cases. The mean percentage positivity for Ki-67, a proliferation associated antigen, was 3.6% in @entity5066 and 1.3% in APM. The results indicate that a subset of breast lesions containing APM epithelium show abnormal oncoprotein and apoptosis-related protein expression and have a higher proliferation rate.
