Gender differences in XXXX and suicidality in Europe: Results from a large cross-sectional population-based study.

@entity1 @entity146
INTRODUCTION: When evaluating gender differences in @entity146 and suicidality, specifically between European countries, studies are sparse and frequently hindered by methodological issues, such as the limited items evaluated and inconsistent sampling designs. METHODS: In ten European countries participating in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative, lifetime internalizing and externalizing disorders and suicidality were assessed among 37,289 respondents. Disorders were classified using DMS-IV criteria. Odds ratios (OR) for gender differences were calculated using logistic regression, while trends across age-groups were tested via gender*age interaction. RESULTS: Within countries, prevalence of any lifetime internalizing disorder ranged from 10.8% to 44.5% among @entity1 and 5.9% to 26.5% among @entity1 , with @entity1 having consistently higher odds than @entity1 (OR range: 1.52-2.73). Prevalence of any lifetime externalizing disorders ranged from 0.2% to 6.6% among @entity1 and 2.2% to 22.4% among @entity1 , with @entity1 having consistently lower odds than @entity1 (OR range: 0.05-0.35). Any lifetime suicide attempt was found in 0.8-5.4% of @entity1 and 0.3-2.4% of @entity1 , showing inconsistent relative gender-differences across countries (OR range: 0.77-4.72). Significant effects in gender OR across age-groups were not observed for any internalizing disorder or suicide attempt, yet were present for any externalizing disorder in France (p=0.01), the Netherlands (p=0.05), and Spain (p=0.02). LIMITATIONS: @entity146 were assessed with the CIDI 3.0 and not psychiatric evaluations. Suicidality does not fully represent more important clinical events, such as suicide mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent across European countries, internalizing disorders are more common among @entity1 and externalizing disorders among @entity1 , whereas gender differences in suicidality varied.
