Lifelong wheel running exercise and mild caloric restriction attenuate nuclear XXXX in the aging plantaris muscle.

@entity1457 @entity18273 @entity6288 @entity194 @entity38677 @entity35 @entity2057 @entity28915
UNASSIGNED: Apoptosis plays an important role in @entity194 and @entity6288 in skeletal muscle. Recent evidence suggests that insufficient @entity1457 proteins (HSPs) may contribute to apoptosis and @entity2057 . In addition, long-term caloric restriction (CR) and lifelong wheel running exercise (WR) with CR provide significant protection against caspase-dependent apoptosis and @entity6288 . Caspase-independent mediators (endonuclease G: @entity38677 ; apoptosis-inducing factor: AIF) of apoptosis are also linked to muscles wasting with disuse and aging. However, the efficacy of CR and WR with CR to attenuate caspase-independent apoptosis and preserve HSPs in aging skeletal muscle are unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that CR and WR with CR would ameliorate age-induced elevation of @entity38677 and AIF while protecting @entity28915 and @entity18273 levels in the plantaris. Male Fischer-344 @entity35 were divided into 4 groups at 11weeks: ad libitum feeding until 6months (YAL); fed ad libitum until 24months old (OAL); 8%CR to 24months (OCR); WR+8%CR to 24months (OExCR). Nuclear @entity38677 levels were significantly higher in OAL (+153%) than in YAL, while CR (-38%) and WR with CR (-46%) significantly attenuated age-induced increment in nuclear @entity38677 . @entity28915 (-63%) protein content and phosphorylation at Ser82 (-49%) were significantly lower in OAL than in YAL, while @entity28915 protein content was significantly higher in OCR (+136%) and OExCR (+155%) and p- @entity28915 (+254%) was significantly higher in OExCR compared with OAL, respectively. In contrast, AIF and @entity18273 were unaltered by CR or WR with CR in aging muscle. These data indicate that CR and WR with CR attenuate age-associated upregulation of @entity38677 translocation in the nucleus, potentially involved with @entity28915 signaling.
