The role of microRNAs in the resistance to XXXX treatments.

@entity1 @entity49667 @entity4093 @entity5 @entity29005 @entity14 @entity3 @entity204
@entity14 ( @entity14 ) is one of the leading cancer_mdash;related causes of @entity204 in the world. Several approaches such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, or combinations thereof have been used to treat @entity14 @entity1 . However, the fact that many @entity1 develop a drug resistance during the course of the treatment is a major obstacle. Understanding the mechanisms underlying resistance is critical in order to develop more effective targeted treatments. Recently, several studies have reported on the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the response to anti_mdash; @entity5 drugs and suggested them as a source of predictive biomarkers for the purpose of @entity1 stratification and for the prognosis of treatment success. For example, overexpressing miR_mdash;34a, a master regulator of @entity5 suppression attenuates chemoresistance to 5_mdash;FU by downregulating @entity4093 ( @entity4093 ) and @entity29005 . @entity49667 , a miR_mdash;34a replacement is the first synthetic miRNA mimic to enter clinical testing. MiR_mdash;34a antagonizes @entity5 stemness, @entity3 , and chemoresistance processes that are necessary for @entity5 viability. This example shows that miRNAs are coming into focus for the design of enhanced @entity5 therapies that aim to sensitise @entity5 cells for anti_mdash; @entity5 drugs. In this review, we provide an overview on the role of miRNAs in the resistance to current @entity14 therapies. Furthermore, we discuss the value of miRNAs as biomarkers for predicting chemosensitivity and their potential to enhance treatment strategies.
