Treatment of @entity158 by epidural XXXX with a new octopolar lead.

@entity1 @entity550 @entity9 @entity158
BACKGROUND: Chronic, drug-resistant @entity9 can be treated by surgically implanted @entity550 ( @entity550 ). The leads used for @entity550 have not been specifically designed for this application. OBJECTIVE: To study the value of a new 8-contact lead for @entity550 therapy in a series of 6 @entity1 with refractory central @entity158 . METHODS: The study comprised a 1-month randomized phase, starting 1 month after implantation, during which the neurostimulator was switched on in one-half of the @entity1 or remained off in the other half, followed by an open phase of 10 months, during which the stimulator was switched on in all @entity1 . Clinical assessment was performed at baseline and 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after implantation with the following scales: Visual Analog Scale, Verbal Rating Scale, Brief @entity158 Inventory, McGill @entity158 Questionnaire, Sickness Impact Profile, and Medication Quantification Scale. RESULTS: In the randomized phase, clinical scores were found to be globally reduced in the on- vs off-stimulation condition. In the open follow-up phase, all clinical scores improved significantly over time. The ratio between affective and sensory McGill @entity158 Questionnaire subscores decreased, suggesting a preferential effect of @entity550 on the affective component of @entity158 . Compared with preoperative baseline, 2 @entity1 were totally relieved of central @entity158 , 3 @entity1 were very much relieved, and 1 @entity1 remained unchanged at the final examination. CONCLUSION: A good clinical outcome was observed in all @entity1 except 1, suggesting that this new octopolar lead could be used for @entity550 therapy to treat refractory central @entity158 .
