XXXX in Pregnancy and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-like Symptoms in Childhood.

@entity1 @entity14282 @entity71 @entity2915 @entity14951 @entity560
BACKGROUND: @entity560 status during prenatal brain development may influence risk of @entity71 ( @entity71 ) symptoms in childhood. However, there are no prospective studies addressing this hypothesis. We aimed to examine whether maternal @entity560 status in pregnancy is associated with risk of @entity71 -like symptoms in offspring. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study analyzing data from 1,650 mother- @entity1 pairs from five birth cohorts embedded in the INMA Project (Spain, 1997-2008). Maternal @entity560 status in pregnancy was estimated by measuring plasma concentration of @entity14951 [ @entity14282 ] at 13 weeks of gestation. @entity1 were assessed by teachers for @entity71 -like symptoms at ages 4-5 years using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders @entity71 form list. RESULTS: After adjustment, the number of total @entity71 -like symptoms in @entity1 decreased by 11% per 10   ng/ml increment of maternal @entity14282 concentration (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.80, 0.98). Similarly, the number of symptoms in the @entity71 subscales decreased in relation to higher maternal @entity14282 concentration (IRR per 10   ng/ml increment = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.79, 0.99 for the inattention scale; and IRR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.78, 0.99 for the @entity2915 -impulsivity scale). Using diagnostic criteria, we found an association of increasing maternal @entity14282 with a lower risk of @entity71 DSM-IV (relative risk ratio per 10   ng/ml increment = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.72, 1.06) and ICD-10 @entity71 (relative risk ratio = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.49, 1.04) in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Higher maternal circulating levels of @entity14282 in pregnancy are associated with lower risk of developing @entity71 -like symptoms in childhood.
