Anti-inflammatory modulation of immune response by probiotic @entity526 Nissle 1917 in XXXX blood mononuclear cells.

@entity1 @entity32 @entity558 @entity344 @entity28955 @entity688 @entity526
@entity526 Nissle 1917 (EcN) bears a defect in its @entity558 biosynthesis leading to truncated variable oligosaccharide-antigen chains and a semi-rough phenotype. It is effectively inactivated by complement factors due to resolved serum resistance and is, therefore, safe as a probiotic strain, i.e. for the treatment of inflammatory @entity344 . It is unknown whether the modification of @entity558 in EcN contributes to its probiotic properties. Purified @entity558 from EcN and wild-type @entity558 from uropathogenic E. coli W536 together with raw lysates of both strains were analyzed for their gene expression activity with @entity1 PBMCs measured by microarrays. Comparing the two @entity558 molecules and the two lysate variants with each other, respectively, no differences of transcriptional patterns were observed. However, when comparing @entity558 with lysate patterns, pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12p40 was up-regulated by both @entity558 molecules and anti-inflammatory @entity688 by both lysates. The higher the lysate concentration, the higher @entity688 release from PBMCs, clearly exceeding @entity558 induced IL-12p40 release. Furthermore, inflammatory chemokine @entity28955 (eotaxin) was down-regulated by lysates and quantitative real-time PCR revealed that EcN compared to wild-type @entity558 was 8 times stronger in down-regulation of @entity28955 . We conclude that truncated @entity558 may down-regulate @entity28955 -mediated @entity32 and that EcN lysate contains as yet unidentified factors which preferably induce anti-inflammatory activity. Both effects may contribute to the probiotic properties of EcN.
