Genetically induced adult oligodendrocyte cell death is associated with poor myelin clearance, reduced remyelination, and XXXX .

@entity17 @entity4122 @entity19 @entity51 @entity400 @entity5350 @entity21 @entity15 @entity2055
Loss of oligodendrocytes is a feature of many @entity17 including @entity15 . Here, we have established and characterized a novel model of genetically induced adult oligodendrocyte death. Specific primary loss of adult oligodendrocytes leads to a well defined and highly reproducible course of disease development that can be followed longitudinally by magnetic resonance imaging. Histological and ultrastructural analyses revealed progressive myelin vacuolation, in parallel to disease development that includes @entity51 , @entity400 , and @entity2055 . Myelin damage and clearance were associated with induction of oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation, albeit with some regional differences. Remyelination was present in the mildly affected corpus callosum. Consequences of acutely induced cell death of adult oligodendrocytes included secondary @entity21 . Microglia were activated in affected areas but without significant influx of B-cells, T-helper cells, or T-cytotoxic cells. Analysis of the model on a @entity5350 ( @entity5350 )-deficient background, lacking functional lymphocytes, did not change the observed disease and @entity4122 compared with immune-competent @entity19 . We conclude that this model provides the opportunity to study the consequences of adult oligodendrocyte death in the absence of primary @entity21 and reactive cells of the adaptive immune system. Our results indicate that if the blood-brain barrier is not disrupted, myelin debris is not removed efficiently, remyelination is impaired, and axonal integrity is compromised, likely as the result of @entity17 . This model will allow the evaluation of strategies aimed at improving remyelination to foster axon protection.
