Lower limb venous pressure in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity4095 @entity6 @entity16 @entity3949 @entity13144 @entity1011 @entity413 @entity1411 @entity65
OBJECTIVE: Distended turgid veins have been noted in the feet of @entity1 with @entity3949 . This study assessed the supine venous pressure and its correlation with @entity3949 and arteriovenous (AV) shunting in the feet of type I and type II @entity6 subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Seventeen @entity1 with chronic @entity13144 , 11 @entity1 with a history of @entity1411 , 14 @entity6 control subjects, and 11 normal control subjects were studied. @entity16 was assessed by vibration and thermal thresholds and standard @entity65 tests. Supine venous pressure was measured by insertion of a 21-gauge needle connected to a strain gauge manometer into the veins on the dorsum of the foot. Venous @entity4095 was used as a measure of AV shunting. RESULTS: Venous pressure was raised in the group with chronic @entity13144 (18.9 +/- 4.2 mmHg, P < 0.001 vs. the @entity6 control group [11.3 +/- 2.6 mmHg]), the normal control group (12.3 +/- 2.3 mmHg, mean +/- SD), and the @entity6 group with a history of @entity1411 (16.0 +/- 3.7 mmHg, P = 0.008 vs. @entity6 control subjects and P = 0.04 vs. normal control subjects), with a maximum of 28 mmHg. Venous pressure was correlated with heart rate variation to deep breathing, r = -0.61 (P = 0.001), vibration threshold, r = 0.56 (P = 0.001), Valsalva ratio, r = -0.64 (P -= 0.001), warm threshold, r = 0.69 (P = 0.001), and venous @entity4095 , r = 0.43 (P = 0.02). There was no correlation with skin temperature, duration of @entity6 , age, HbA1c, random blood @entity413 , ankle/brachial Doppler index, height, or serum @entity1011 . CONCLUSIONS: Venous pressure is much higher in the @entity6 and is correlated with the severity of @entity16 and with AV shunting.
