Evaluation of the likelihood of reflux developing in @entity1 with recurrent XXXX , recurrent @entity1244 or recurrent @entity2346 seen in ear-nose-throat outpatient clinics.

@entity1244 @entity1 @entity7552 @entity7868 @entity2172 @entity565 @entity2910 @entity391 @entity4 @entity177 @entity1729 @entity354 @entity490 @entity1534 @entity2171 @entity1142 @entity8822 @entity2346
@entity354 is considered a risk factor for recurrent or persistent upper and lower respiratory tract conditions including @entity565 , chronic cough, @entity1244 , @entity7552 , @entity2171 and paroxysmal @entity8822 . Fifty-one subjects with recurrent (more than three) episodes of @entity1729 ( @entity1729 ), @entity2171 or @entity1244 who had been admitted to an earnose- throat (ENT) outpatient clinic during the previous year were enrolled in the present study to evaluate the presence of laryngeal and/or esophageal reflux. The @entity1 , who were randomly selected, were questioned about symptoms of reflux, including @entity391 , @entity490 , @entity177 to thrive, @entity7868 , bitter taste in the mouth, chronic cough, heartburn, @entity1142 and hoarseness. All subjects had an endoscopic examination, an otoscopic examination, a tympanogram and upper GI system endoscopy. @entity2910 was diagnosed endoscopically and histologically. The likelihood of occurrence of @entity2910 was found to be higher only among subjects with postglottic @entity4 /erythema as determined by pathological laryngeal examination. The @entity354 reported did not predict the development of @entity2910 , but the odds of @entity2910 occurring were ninefold greater among subjects with recurrent @entity2346 . Of the subjects, 45.1% were @entity1534 -positive. However, no association was found between @entity2910 and @entity1534 positivity. The likelihood of the occurrence of @entity2910 was found to be increased in the presence of recurrent @entity2172 and/or postglottic @entity4 , irrespective of the presence of reflux symptoms. We concluded that, in contrast to the situation where adults are concerned, the boundaries for discriminating laryngopharyngeal reflux from @entity354 are somewhat blurred in pediatric @entity1 .
