An improved odor bait for monitoring populations of XXXX -vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses in Kenya.

@entity1 @entity12517 @entity4224 @entity7574 @entity35799 @entity3125 @entity544
BACKGROUND: Effective surveillance and estimation of the biting fraction of @entity4224 is critical for accurate determination of the extent of virus transmission during outbreaks and inter-epidemic periods of dengue and @entity12517 . Here, we describe the development and use of synthetic @entity1 odor baits for improved sampling of adult Ae. aegypti, in two dengue and @entity12517 fevers endemic areas in Kenya; Kilifi and Busia counties. METHODS: We collected volatiles from the feet and trunks of two female and two male volunteers aged between 25 and 45  years. We used coupled gas chromatography- electroantennographic detection (GC/EAD) analysis to screen for antennally-active components from the volatiles and coupled GC-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to identify the EAD-active components. Using randomized replicated designs, we compared the efficacies of Biogents (BG) sentinel traps baited with @entity544 plus either single or blends of the identified compounds against the BG sentinel trap baited with @entity544 plus the BG commercial lure in trapping Ae. aegypti. The daily mosquito counts in the different traps were subjected to negative binomial regression following the generalized linear models procedures. RESULTS: A total of ten major EAD-active components identified by GC/MS as mainly @entity3125 and @entity7574 , were consistently isolated from the @entity1 feet and trunk volatiles from at least two volunteers. Field assays with synthetic chemicals of the shared EAD-active components identified from the feet and trunk gave varying results. Ae. aegypti were more attracted to @entity544 baited BG sentinel traps combined with blends of @entity3125 than to similar traps combined with blends of @entity7574 . When we assessed the efficacy of @entity35799 detected in odors of the BG commercial lure and volunteers plus @entity544 , trap captures of Ae. aegypti doubled over the trap baited with the commercial BG lure. However, dispensing @entity3125 and @entity7574 together in blends, reduced trap captures of Ae. aegypti by ~45%-50%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence for roles of @entity7574 and @entity3125 in Ae. aegypti host attraction and also show that of the @entity7574 , @entity35799 is a more effective lure for the vector than the BG commercial lure.
