An evidence-based review literature about risk indicators and management of XXXX .

@entity2133 @entity57976 @entity9338 @entity8619 @entity461
This evidence-based article reviews risk indicators and management of @entity57976 . @entity2133 and hyposalivation refer to different aspects of @entity2133 . @entity2133 is a subjective sensation of @entity2133 , whilst hyposalivation is defined as an objective assessment of reduced salivary flow rate. About 30% of the elderly (65 years and older) experience @entity2133 and hyposalivation. Structural and functional factors, or both may lead to salivary gland dysfunction. The EBM literature search was conducted by using the medical literature database MEDLINE via PubMed and OvidMedline search engines. Results were limited to English language articles (1965 to present) including clinical trials (CT), randomized controlled trials (RCT), systematic reviews and review articles. Case control or cohort studies were included for the etiology. Neuropathic etiology such as localized oral alteration of thermal sensations, saliva composition change (for example higher levels of K, Cl, Ca, IgA, amylase, calcium, @entity461 and cortisol), lower levels of estrogen and progesterone, smaller salivary gland size, and illnesses such as @entity9338 , are risk indicators for @entity57976 . The management is palliative and preventative. Management of symptoms includes drug administration (systemic secretogogues, saliva substitutes and bile secretion-stimulator), night guard, diet and habit modifications. Other managements may be indicated to treat adverse effects. Neuropathic etiology, saliva composition change, smaller salivary gland size, and illnesses such as @entity8619 can be suggestive causes for @entity57976 . However, longitudinal studies will be important to elucidate the causes of @entity57976 .
