Unifying Screening Processes Within the PROSPR Consortium: A Conceptual Model for Breast, Cervical, and XXXX .

@entity5 @entity14
General frameworks of the @entity5 screening process are available, but none directly compare the process in detail across different organ sites. This limits the ability of medical and public health professionals to develop and evaluate coordinated screening programs that apply resources and population management strategies available for one @entity5 site to other sites. We present a trans-organ conceptual model that incorporates a single screening episode for breast, cervical, and @entity14 into a unified framework based on clinical guidelines and protocols; the model concepts could be expanded to other organ sites. The model covers four types of care in the screening process: risk assessment, detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Interfaces between different provider teams (eg, primary care and specialty care), including communication and transfer of responsibility, may occur when transitioning between types of care. Our model highlights across each organ site similarities and differences in steps, interfaces, and transitions in the screening process and documents the conclusion of a screening episode. This model was developed within the National @entity5 Institute-funded consortium Population-based Research Optimizing Screening through Personalized Regimens (PROSPR). PROSPR aims to optimize the screening process for breast, cervical, and @entity14 and includes seven research centers and a statistical coordinating center. Given current health care reform initiatives in the United States, this conceptual model can facilitate the development of comprehensive quality metrics for @entity5 screening and promote trans-organ comparative @entity5 screening research. PROSPR findings will support the design of interventions that improve screening outcomes across multiple @entity5 sites.
