[Evaluation of early detection of XXXX in Great Britain (author's transl)].

@entity1 @entity204 @entity0 @entity5
A large-scale trial of methods of early detection of @entity0 has been started in Great Britain. This non-randomized trial aims to compare @entity0 mortality over several years among @entity1 aged 45-64 years who have been offered various services for early detection of @entity0 . A quantitative assessment of benefits (lives saved) and costs (unnecessary surgery, radiation hazard, and use of health service resources) will be made. A total population of over 250,000 @entity1 living in eight districts is being studied in the trial. In two districts the @entity1 are invited for annual screening by clinical examination and mammography; in two other districts they are invited to teaching sessions to learn breast self-examination. The remaining four districts, with a population of 120,000 @entity1 , serve as a comparison and have no extra services beyond conventional diagnostic facilities. A register of all breast histology among these @entity1 has been set up, and, for those who have @entity0 , details of diagnosis, treatment and annual follow-up are recorded. All changes to the population are noted, and the cause of all @entity204 recorded. Factors influencing acceptance of early detection programmes, and the sensitivity and specificity of different screening methods are being studied. Mortality rates from @entity0 in the three types of population (screening, self-examination and comparison groups) will be the main index of effectiveness, but other questions relative to evaluation of screening, such as lead-time natural history of pre-invasive @entity5 , and identification of high-risk @entity1 , will also be assessed.
