Relationships between XXXX , bipolar spectrum features, and personality traits: a case-control study.

@entity1 @entity162 @entity28 @entity146 @entity1316 @entity663
OBJECTIVE: Recently there has been widening stream of research on the relationships between @entity28 and @entity146 . @entity1 with @entity28 seem to be prone to developing @entity162 and they present with specific personality traits. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between @entity28 , @entity162 features, and personality traits. @entity1 AND METHODS: A nested case-control study was performed. @entity1 with @entity28 constituted the sample of cases (N = 90), and healthy individuals were ascribed to the control group (N = 70). The lifetime presence of @entity162 features was analyzed with the @entity1316 Questionnaire (MDQ), while personality traits were assessed with the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). RESULTS: Bipolarity features were more prevalent in the @entity1 with @entity28 , as compared to healthy individuals. @entity1 with @entity28 had both higher mean value of MDQ score (p = 0.01) and a higher proportion of subjects with MDQ score >=  7 points (p = 0.012) as well as lower score on the NEO-FFI openness to experience (p > 0.001), compared to control subjects. Using multivariate model, in @entity1 with @entity28 , a significant positive correlation between @entity162 and @entity663 , and negative with agreeableness and conscientiousness was established. Such relationship was not observed in control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: In the population of @entity1 with @entity28 , there is a specific combination between @entity162 and personality traits (high-trait @entity663 , low-trait conscientiousness, and low-trait agreeableness). This may have some consequences for both pharmacological and psychological management of such @entity1 .
