Gastric electrical stimulation for medically refractory XXXX .

@entity1 @entity6 @entity391 @entity344 @entity281 @entity7623
BACKGROUND _ AIMS: This study investigated the efficacy of gastric electrical stimulation for the treatment of @entity7623 unresponsive to standard medical therapy. METHODS: Thirty-three @entity1 with chronic @entity7623 (17 @entity6 and 16 idiopathic) received continuous high-frequency/low-energy gastric electrical stimulation via electrodes in the muscle wall of the antrum connected to a neurostimulator in an abdominal wall pocket. After implantation, @entity1 were randomized in a double-blind crossover design to stimulation ON or OFF for 1-month periods. The blind was then broken, and all @entity1 were programmed to stimulation ON and evaluated at 6 and 12 months. Outcome measures were @entity391 frequency, preference for ON or OFF, upper gastrointestinal tract symptoms, quality of life, gastric emptying, and adverse events. RESULTS: In the double-blind portion of the study, self-reported @entity391 frequency was significantly reduced in the ON vs. OFF period (P < 0.05) and this symptomatic improvement was consistent with the significant @entity1 preference (P < 0.05) for the ON vs. OFF period determined before breaking the blind. In the unblinded portion of the study, @entity391 frequency decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at 6 and 12 months. Scores for symptom severity and quality of life significantly improved (P < 0.05) at 6 and 12 months, whereas gastric emptying was only modestly accelerated. Five @entity1 had their gastric electrical stimulation system explanted or revised because of @entity281 . CONCLUSIONS: High-frequency/low-energy gastric electrical stimulation significantly decreased @entity391 frequency and @entity344 and improved quality of life in @entity1 with severe @entity7623 .
