Managing chronic nonspecific @entity1643 with a sensorimotor retraining approach: exploratory multiple-baseline study of 3 XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1643 @entity409 @entity158
BACKGROUND: Current approaches to the management of chronic nonspecific @entity1643 (CNSLBP) have shown limited effectiveness. It appears that disruption of cortical structure and function is a feature of CNSLBP and that these changes may contribute to current treatment failures. Sensorimotor retraining approaches have been shown to be effective in the management of other long-standing @entity158 problems that are characterized by @entity409 . Similar treatments may be an option for @entity1 with CNSLBP. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to describe the effects of participation in a graded sensorimotor retraining program on @entity158 intensity, interference of @entity158 with daily life ( @entity158 interference), and self-reported disability and to evaluate the safety of the program. DESIGN: A multiple-baseline, replicated, single-case design was used for this study. METHODS: Three @entity1 with disabling CNSLBP were assessed weekly during a no-treatment baseline period. Each @entity1 then participated in a graded sensorimotor retraining program for a minimum of 10 weeks, during which clinical status was assessed weekly. Data collection continued weekly for 1 month after the end of formal treatment. RESULTS: @entity158 intensity, @entity158 interference, and disability all were reduced, and the improvements were maintained throughout the follow-up period. No adverse reactions to treatment were reported. LIMITATIONS: The findings are preliminary and were based on a single-case design. The observed improvements in clinical status may have been attributable to the effects of factors other than treatment, such as the effect of time and other, nonspecific effects. CONCLUSIONS: Positive outcomes were reported for 3 @entity1 with CNSLBP after the completion of a graded sensorimotor retraining program. However, the findings are only preliminary and require replication with more-robust study designs.
