Clinicopathological characteristics of freezing of gait in autopsy-confirmed XXXX .

@entity1 @entity3034 @entity66 @entity73 @entity910 @entity191 @entity1833 @entity717 @entity2414
BACKGROUND: Twenty-five percent to sixty percent of @entity191 ( @entity191 ) @entity1 reportedly have freezing of gait, leading to @entity73 , falls, and decreased quality of life. Several factors have been associated with gait freezing in @entity191 @entity1 . We analyze for these factors in autopsy-proven @entity191 @entity1 . METHODS: We performed a chart review of 58 @entity1 with pathologically confirmed @entity191 based on substantia nigra Lewy bodies. Freezing of gait was defined as a score of 1 or more on Item 14 of the Unified @entity191 Rating Scale or if documented on examination. Serial office notes and scales were used to determine onset and progression of motor and non-motor symptoms. RESULTS: @entity1 had been followed up for an average of 20 visits over 9 y. The mean onset of gait freezing was 9.3 y from initial motor symptoms. @entity1 with earlier gait freezing more commonly had initial gait difficulties and developed postural instability, @entity910 , @entity2414 , @entity1833 , and vivid dreams earlier during the disease course. Early onset of @entity1833 was correlated with more rapid progression of gait freezing. Maximal equivalent @entity3034 dose was not correlated with earlier onset or progression of gait freezing. Progressive and more severe gait freezing trended toward higher-severity Lewy @entity66 on postmortem examination. CONCLUSIONS: Early onset and rapid progression of freezing of gait in this cohort were correlated with early @entity73 and @entity1833 that are potential clinical hallmarks of cortical Lewy bodies. The gradual worsening and severity of gait freezing correlated with the density of cortical Lewy body-containing neurons.    2015 International Parkinson and @entity717 Society.
