Tailored endoscopic surgery for the treatment of sinonasal XXXX .

@entity1 @entity66 @entity5 @entity1179 @entity2094
BACKGROUND: This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of tailored endoscopic surgery. Tailored endoscopic surgery aims at resecting the @entity1179 completely with a customized surgical approach, especially when an en-bloc excision cannot be comprehensively or routinely achieved because of the immense extent of the @entity5 . METHODS: Between November 1991 and March 2002, 43 @entity1 with sinonasal @entity1179 were treated by tailored endoscopic surgery. The average duration of follow-up for this population was 25.3 months (range, 9-150 months). A staging system developed by Krouse was adopted for @entity5 grading. On the basis of tailored endoscopic surgery, 15 localized lesions and 12 smaller extensive lesions (Krouse stages 1 and 2) were treated by ordinary endoscopic resection, whereas 16 larger extensive lesions (Krouse stages 3 and 4) in which the @entity5 were immense were subjected to sequential segmental endoscopic surgery (SSES). Seven of these 16 larger extensive lesions combined with endoscopic medial maxillectomy because of extensive encroachment of maxillary sinus antrum. RESULTS: Four @entity1 (9.3%) had @entity66 , each requiring one revision surgery. All @entity5 were successfully resected. No @entity1 required lateral rhinotomy or @entity2094 procedure. No major complications were encountered in any of the @entity1 . None of the @entity1 had @entity66 at the time of this writing. CONCLUSIONS: Tailored endoscopic surgery is a safe and effective treatment that obviates the need for more extensive surgery for the management of @entity1179 . Proper preoperative evaluations, intraoperative determination of extent and attachment of the @entity5 , close endoscopic follow-up, and expert application of endoscopic techniques are the keys to the successful use of tailored endoscopic surgery.
