Adhesion molecules from the @entity1454 / @entity2071 ,3 and VLA-4/ @entity4725 pathways on T lymphocytes and vascular endothelium in Graves' and XXXX .

@entity1 @entity4725 @entity2743 @entity1669 @entity2621 @entity32561 @entity10598 @entity20394 @entity1454 @entity2071 @entity7986
Lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid gland in @entity1669 requires, as a first step, their attachment to endothelial cells (EC) and subsequently, their interaction with thyrocytes and extracellular matrix proteins. A number of different ligand molecules have been identified to mediate the interaction between EC and leukocyte subpopulations. In this study, we examined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemical techniques, the expression of integrin receptors and their counter-receptors by infiltrating lymphocytes and vascular endothelium in thyroid glands from @entity1 with @entity2743 ( @entity2743 ) and @entity2621 ( @entity2621 ). A high proportion of @entity2743 intrathyroidal T lymphocytes expressed the @entity7986 and @entity32561 ( @entity10598 ) activation antigens as well as an increased number of LFA-alpha L, VLA-alpha 1, -alpha 4, -alpha 5, and beta 1 integrin receptors, as compared with peripheral blood T lymphocytes from the same @entity1 . The expression of @entity2071 was increased in EC from @entity2743 and @entity2621 thyroids. In addition, an up-regulated de novo expression of @entity4725 was found in EC in @entity2743 and @entity2621 thyroids, with no reactivity in control thyroids. Dendritic cells in thyroid lymphoid follicles were also positive for @entity2071 and @entity4725 . In addition, most of intrathyroidal mononuclear cells expressed the @entity20394 adhesion molecule. This enhanced expression of @entity2071 and @entity4725 by thyroid EC in @entity2743 and @entity2621 may reflect their ability to regulate leukocyte trafficking and activation by means of the expression of specific ligand molecules. Our data suggest that both the @entity1454 / @entity2071 , @entity20394 and VLA-4/ @entity4725 pathways could play a relevant role in localizing and perpetuating the autoimmune response in the thyroid gland in @entity1669 .
