Chronic Staphylococcal enterotoxin B and lipopolysaccharide induce a bimodal pattern of XXXX and injury.

@entity1 @entity32 @entity82 @entity409 @entity3194 @entity6741 @entity35 @entity3645 @entity99
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of chronic exposure to endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B on @entity99 and function. DESIGN: Prospective, controlled trial. SETTING: Research laboratory in a university hospital. SUBJECTS: Male @entity35 weighing 325-350 g with chronic vascular and bile catheters. INTERVENTIONS: Chronically catheterized @entity35 were treated daily with saline, 50 microg/kg Staphylococcal enterotoxin B alone, 1000 microg/kg lipopolysaccharide alone, 1000 microg/kg lipopolysaccharide with 50 microg/kg Staphylococcal enterotoxin B, or 100 microg/kg lipopolysaccharide with 50 microg/kg Staphylococcal enterotoxin B for 10 days. Serum and biliary measures of @entity99 and dysfunction were measured before and then 6 hrs and 1, 2, 3, 7, and 10 days after the start of treatment. The animals were killed at 10 days and the livers examined histologically. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Mean rates of bile flow, biliary @entity3194 excretion, and @entity6741 flux were significantly decreased immediately after treatment (6 hr, 1 and 2 days) and then at 10 days. Increases in biliary and serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and serum @entity3645 also occurred in a similar bimodal pattern. Animals treated with lipopolysaccharide or Staphylococcal enterotoxin B alone became tolerant and did not develop the bimodal pattern of @entity409 . Histologic examination of the liver at 10 days revealed @entity32 and @entity82 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of lipopolysaccharide and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B leads to late @entity99 , whereas either toxin alone does not. These data may explain the frequent development of @entity409 in @entity1 exposed to multiple bacterial toxins such as in sepsis, multiple-system organ failure, and other diseases with altered intestinal permeability.
