Characterization of @entity432 after transcervical @entity5324 foam (PF) infusion in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity11796 @entity3474 @entity5324 @entity6599 @entity432 @entity1162 @entity12135
OBJECTIVE: Our long-term goal is to develop a nonsurgical method of @entity432 for the purpose of permanent contraception. We have previously demonstrated that transcervical administration of 5% @entity5324 foam (PF) can create @entity432 in macaques but that multiple treatments are required. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of various regimens of PF with and without @entity11796 ( @entity12135 ) (to control ovarian cycle phase) in the @entity3474 . STUDY DESIGN: Adult cycling female @entity6599 were evaluated for tubal patency by hysterosalpingography and then received a transcervical infusion of PF with (+) or without (-) an intramuscular injection of @entity12135 (3.5 mg/kg). Two concentrations of PF were compared: 1% [(+) @entity12135 , n=5; (-) @entity12135 , n=3] and 5% [(+) @entity12135 , n=4; (-) @entity12135 , n=3]. Controls received (+) @entity12135 (n=2) or (-) @entity12135 , (n=3) only. The reproductive tracts were removed 1-3 months after treatment for examination. RESULTS: No @entity432 was observed in negative controls (  @entity12135 ). Histologic complete @entity432 was observed in 3/8 of females treated with 1% PF and in 6/7 treated with 5% PF. Histologic evaluation suggested that 1% PF is associated with @entity1162 (more than 2-3 months), while 5% treatment eliminates the epithelial lining, at least focally, and resolves into complete occlusion within 1-2 months. This pattern of complete occlusion was seen in all 4 females that received 5% PF (+ @entity12135 ) and in 2/3 that received 5% PF (- @entity12135 ). CONCLUSION: In a @entity3474 model of transcervical permanent contraception, a single treatment with 5% PF resulted in complete @entity432 more reliably (85%) than 1% PF (38%). Cotreatment with @entity12135 may improve treatment results with 5% PF but requires additional study. IMPLICATIONS: A finding that a single transcervical treatment with 5% PF can occlude the fallopian tubes of @entity3474 supports further study of this approach as a novel strategy for permanent contraception for @entity1 .
