Perfusion MRI in the Evaluation of Suspected XXXX Recurrence.

@entity5 @entity1 @entity463 @entity1349
PURPOSE: Treatment-related changes (TRC) often imitate @entity5 progression in @entity463 . Increased regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) can differentiate @entity5 progression from TRC after the standardized first-line radiochemotherapy, but information about diagnostic accuracy of rCBV for @entity1 without any clinical selection criteria is limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate if rCBV can differentiate between TRC and @entity5 progression irrespective of preceding therapies and number of @entity5 progressions. METHODS: We analyzed mean and maximum rCBV from the enhancing areas normalized to the contralateral white matter in 44 @entity463 with @entity5 progression. The diagnosis (real progression vs. TRC) was determined by histopathology or by clinical/MRI-follow-up. We performed nonparametric tests, receiver operating characteristics (ROC), and Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: Significant differences between @entity5 progression (N = 37) and TRC (N = 7) were found for rCBVmean (2.44    1.05 vs. 1.69    .56, P < .03) and rCBVmax (3.40    1.25 vs. 2.21    .62, P < .0007). A rCBVmax of 2.6 had 78% sensitivity and 86% specificity to detect @entity5 progression. Neither rCBVmean nor rCBVmax was predictive for the @entity1 @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). There were no statistically different rCBVmean and rCBVmax between the first and further @entity5 progressions. CONCLUSIONS: The rCBVmax differentiates @entity5 progression from TRC in unselected recurrent @entity463 , but it is not predictive for the @entity1349 .
