Cardiac homeostasis is independent of XXXX venous compliance in subjects with @entity451 .

@entity135 @entity14493 @entity64 @entity451 @entity1211 @entity291
The purpose of this study was to examine cardiac hemodynamics during acute @entity135 ( @entity135 ) and @entity291 venous function during acute @entity135 ( @entity135 ) in subjects with @entity451 compared with sedentary nondisabled controls. Nineteen paraplegic males (below T6) and nine age-, height-, and weight-matched control subjects participated. Heart rate, @entity64 volume, and cardiac output were assessed using the noninvasive @entity14493 uptake method. Venous vascular function of the @entity291 was assessed using venous occlusion plethysmography. After supine measurements were collected, the table was moved to 10 degrees @entity135 followed by the three levels of @entity135 (10, 35, and 75 degrees ) in random order. Cardiac hemodynamics were similar between the groups at all positions. @entity291 circumference was significantly reduced in the paraplegic group compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Venous capacitance and compliance were significantly reduced in the paraplegic compared with control group at supine and @entity135 . Neither venous capacitance (P = 0.37) nor compliance (P = 0.19) increased from supine with 10 degrees @entity135 in the paraplegic group. A significant linear relationship was established between supine venous compliance and supine cardiac output in the control group (r = 0.80, P < 0.02) but not in the paraplegic group. The findings of reduced @entity291 circumference and similar venous capacitance at supine rest and 10 degrees @entity135 in the paraplegic group imply that structural changes may have limited @entity1211 in individuals with chronic @entity451 . Furthermore, the lack of a relationship between supine venous compliance and supine cardiac output suggests that cardiac homeostasis does not rely on venous compliance in subjects with @entity451 .
