Protection against XXXX through hormesis? Dietary intervention versus cold exposure.

@entity19 @entity8 @entity28 @entity4053
AIM: Dietary restriction (DR) and @entity4053 ( @entity4053 ) induce robust protection against the detrimental effects of @entity8 (I/RI). Several mechanisms of protection have been proposed, such as hormesis. Hormesis is defined as a life-supporting beneficial effect resulting from the cellular responses to single or multiple rounds of (mild) stress. The cold exposure (CE) model is a stress model similar to DR, and has been shown to have hormetic effects and has proved to increase longevity. CE is considered to be the most robust method to increase metabolism through activation of brown adipocytes. BAT has been considered important in etiology of @entity28 and its metabolic consequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Since DR, @entity4053 , and CE models are proposed to work through hormesis, we investigated physiology of adipose tissue and effect on BAT in these models and compared them to ad libitum (AL) fed @entity19 . We also studied the differential effect of these stress models on immunological changes, and effect of CE on renal I/RI. KEY FINDINGS: We show similar physiological changes in adiposity in male C57Bl/6 @entity19 due to DR, @entity4053 and CE, but the CE @entity19 were not protected against renal I/RI. The immunophenotypic changes observed in the CE @entity19 were similar to the AL animals, in contrast to @entity4053 @entity19 , that showed major immunophenotypic changes in the B and T cell development stages in primary and secondary lymphoid organs. SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings thus demonstrate that DR, @entity4053 and CE are hormetic stress models. DR and @entity4053 protect against renal I/IR, whereas CE could not.
