Effect of nanoporous @entity3759 coating and anodized @entity141 modification of XXXX surfaces on early microbial biofilm formation.

@entity702 @entity141 @entity3759 @entity885
BACKGROUND: The soft tissue around dental implants forms a barrier between the oral environment and the peri-implant bone and a crucial factor for long-term success of therapy is development of a good abutment/soft-tissue seal. Sol-gel derived nanoporous @entity3759 coatings have been shown to enhance soft-tissue attachment but their effect on adhesion and biofilm formation by oral bacteria is unknown. METHODS: We have investigated how the properties of surfaces that may be used on abutments: turned @entity702 , sol-gel nanoporous @entity3759 coated surfaces and anodized @entity141 modified surfaces, affect biofilm formation by two early colonizers of the oral cavity: @entity885 sanguinis and Actinomyces naeslundii. The bacteria were detected using 16S rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization together with confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS: Interferometry and atomic force microscopy revealed all the surfaces to be smooth (Sa <=0.22  m). Incubation with a consortium of @entity885 and A. naeslundii showed no differences in adhesion between the surfaces over 2 hours. After 14 hours, the level of biofilm growth was low and again, no differences between the surfaces were seen. The presence of saliva increased the biofilm biovolume of @entity885 and A. naeslundii ten-fold compared to when saliva was absent and this was due to increased adhesion rather than biofilm growth. CONCLUSIONS: Nano-topographical modification of smooth @entity702 surfaces had no effect on adhesion or early biofilm formation by @entity885 and A. naeslundii as compared to turned surfaces or those treated with anodic oxidation in the presence of @entity141 . The presence of saliva led to a significantly greater biofilm biovolume but no significant differences were seen between the test surfaces. These data thus suggest that modification with sol-gel derived nanoporous @entity3759 , which has been shown to improve osseointegration and soft-tissue healing in vivo, does not cause greater biofilm formation by the two oral commensal species tested than the other surfaces.
