Changing trends in the management of iatrogenic XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1901 @entity254 @entity3041 @entity293
PURPOSE: We evaluated changing trends in the management of late diagnosed iatrogenic @entity1901 before and after the introduction of percutaneous nephrostomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 44 @entity1 of whom 24 were treated primarily by immediate reconstructive surgery from 1979 to 1984 and 20 were treated primarily by percutaneous nephrostomy tube insertion beginning in 1985. RESULTS: Six of the 24 @entity1 underwent ureteroneocystostomy and 18 underwent end-to-end uretero-ureteral @entity254 to repair the injury. Postoperatively 18 @entity1 had a @entity293 . Hospital stay after reconstructive surgery ranged from 14 to 35 days (average 18). Long-term followup showed a normal upper urinary tract in 22 @entity1 and mild to moderate hydroureteronephrosis in 2. Of the 20 @entity1 who underwent percutaneous nephrostomy 16 (80%) had complete spontaneous recovery of the injured ureter after 14 to 66 days (average 32). Hospital stay after the insertion of the percutaneous nephrostomy tube ranged from 3 to 5 days. @entity293 developed in 4 @entity1 and mild @entity3041 was noted in 1 on long-term followup. CONCLUSIONS: The primary management of @entity1901 by percutaneous nephrostomy resulted in significantly decreased reoperation and morbidity rates, and enabled spontaneous recovery of the injured ureter in the majority of @entity1 .
