XXXX of the thyroid: diagnosis, treatment, and results.

@entity1 @entity135 @entity5 @entity75 @entity189 @entity3 @entity717 @entity1374
Nineteen cases of @entity189 of the thyroid treated at the Massachusetts General Hospital from 1962 to 1979 are reviewed. In all @entity1 the encapsulated nodules had histologic evidence of capsular or vascular invasion. There were 13 @entity1 and six @entity1 with ages ranging from 14 to 74 years. Eight of the 19 @entity1 underwent large-needle thyroid biopsies before surgery, and in each @entity1 a @entity75 was identified requiring surgery to exclude @entity5 . The operative approach was @entity717 with removal of sufficient thyroid tissue to assure that resection margins were free of disease. The size of the @entity5 ranged from 2 to 6.5 cm in greatest diameter. The mean follow-up was 112 months. Three @entity1 developed @entity135 . Four @entity1 developed @entity3 to the bone, brain, or lung. The time from initial operation to recurrence or @entity3 ranged from 0 to 241 months (mean, 69 months). There was a 5-year survival rate of 88% and a 10-year survival rate of 78%. Only two of the six @entity1 with complete follow-up died of @entity1374 . Of the 16 @entity1 with recurrent or metastatic disease, two died of the disease. No @entity1 whose lesion was 3 cm or smaller developed @entity3 or recurrences, and of the 10 @entity1 with lesions 3.5 cm or larger, six developed metastatic or recurrent disease. Age was also a prognostic factor, since four of the six @entity1 over 60 years old developed recurrent or metastatic disease.
