XXXX and their associations with stress reactivity, interoceptive awareness and interoceptive accuracy of various bioparameters.

@entity1 @entity308 @entity4697 @entity146
BACKGROUND: While current theories on perception of interoceptive signals suggest impaired interoceptive processing in @entity146 such as @entity4697 or @entity308 , heart-rate (HR) interoceptive accuracy (IAc) of @entity4697 @entity1 under resting conditions is superior to that of healthy controls. Thus, in this study, we chose to assess further physiological parameters and comorbid @entity308 in order to get information on how these potentially conflicting findings are linked together. DESIGN: We used a quasi-experimental laboratory design which included multi-parametric physiological data collection of 40 @entity4697 subjects and 53 matched no- @entity4697 controls, as well as experimental induction of stress and relaxation over a time-course. METHODS: Stress reactivity, interoceptive awareness (IAw; from the Body Perception Questionnaire (BPQ)) and IAc (as correlation between self-estimation and physiological data) were major outcome variables. Self-estimation of bioparametrical change was measured via numeric rating scales. RESULT: Panic subjects had stronger HR-reaction and more accurate HR-interoception. Concurrently, though, their IAc of skin conductance level, pulse amplitude and breathing amplitude was significantly lower than that of the control group. Interestingly, comorbid @entity308 was found to be associated with increased IAw but attenuated IAc. LIMITATIONS: Demand characteristics and a categorical approach to @entity4697 confine the results. CONCLUSION: The potentially conflicting findings coalesce, as @entity4697 was associated with an increase of the ability to perceive the fear-related parameter and a simultaneous decrease of the ability to perceive other parameters. The superordinate integration of afferent signals might be impaired.
