Reduction in false-positive results after introduction of digital mammography: analysis from four population-based XXXX screening programs in Spain.

@entity1 @entity5 @entity0
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of the introduction of digital mammography on the recall rate, detection rate, false-positive rate, and rates of invasive procedures in a cohort of @entity1 from four population-based @entity0 screening programs in Spain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the ethics committee; informed consent was not required. A total of 242,838 mammograms (171,191 screen film [screen-film mammography group] and 71,647 digital [digital mammography group]) obtained in 103,613 @entity1 aged 45-69 years were included. False-positive results for any additional procedure and for invasive procedures, the @entity0 rate, and the positive predictive value in each group were compared by using Pearson   (2) test. The effect of the mammographic technology used (screen-film or digital) on the false-positive results and @entity5 detection risk was evaluated with multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted according to @entity1 's and the screening program's characteristics and time trends. RESULTS: The false-positive rate was higher for screen-film than for digital mammography (7.6% and 5.7%, respectively; P < .001). False-positive results after an invasive procedure were significantly higher for screen-film than for digital mammography (1.9% and 0.7%, respectively; P < .001). No significant differences were observed in the overall @entity5 detection rate between the two groups (0.45% and 0.43% in the screen-film and digital mammography groups, respectively; P = .59). The adjusted risk of a false-positive result was higher for screen-film than for digital mammography (odds ratio = 1.32). The adjusted risk was also lower for the digital mammography group when time trends were taken into account. CONCLUSION: The lower false-positive risk with use of digital mammography should be taken into account when balancing the risks and benefits of @entity0 screening.
