Otomastoiditis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria: report of 16 cases, 3 with XXXX intracranially.

@entity1 @entity281 @entity7665 @entity3069 @entity2169 @entity393
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the clinical presentation, treatment and outcome in @entity1 diagnosed with otomastoiditis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria. METHODS: A retrospective case review of 16 @entity1 diagnosed with otomastoiditis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria from 2000 to 2012 was conducted in a hospital and tertiary referral centre in Sweden. The main outcome measures were microbiology findings, and surgical and medical interventions and outcomes. In addition, the relevant literature was reviewed. RESULTS: In three @entity1 with otomastoiditis, the disease had spread intracranially. The bacteriological findings revealed @entity7665 (n  =  12), @entity7665 fortuitum (n  =  2) and @entity3069 complex (n  =  2). Surgical treatment was undertaken in all but three @entity1 , including exploration of the temporal lobe in one patient. Systemic antibiotic treatment was given to all but one @entity1 . Eight @entity1 healed completely. Eight @entity1 developed @entity393 . Two @entity1 had relapse of the @entity281 several months after the antibiotic treatment had been discontinued. CONCLUSION: Non-tuberculous otomastoiditis is a severe @entity2169 with challenging considerations, and should be treated aggressively in order to avoid morbidity.
