XXXX in systemic lupus erythematosus.

@entity32 @entity8 @entity82 @entity39 @entity1988 @entity194
@entity1988 is the archetype of diseases caused by the deposition of immune complexes. The characteristics which render only a portion of circulating immune complexes nephritogenic are not well delineated, but cat-ionic charge of antigen and/or antibody may contribute. @entity1988 is characterized by extreme diversity of clinical manifestations and pathologic features. Scrupulous monitoring of urinary sediment and renal function tests is necessary to identify renal involvement in a phase which is amenable to therapeutic intervention. Evaluation of renal biopsies also assists in development of indications for therapy. The pathology of @entity1988 is classified primarily as mesangial, focal proliferative, diffuse proliferative, and @entity8 . Indexes of activity and of chronicity provide a succinet description of the balance of reversible and irreversible disease. The activity index incorporates @entity8 , karyorrhexis/fibrinoid @entity39 , leucocyte exudation, hyaline thrombi, cellular crescents, and @entity32 . The chronicity index incorporates @entity8 , fibrous crescents, tubular @entity194 , and @entity82 . Delineation of the activity and chronicity indexes also facilitates the assessment of prognosis and the ordering of indications for therapy.
