Managing @entity8231 XXXX .

@entity5 @entity1 @entity16 @entity8231
@entity16 ( @entity16 ) are remote effects of @entity5 that are not caused by invasion of the @entity5 or its metastases. Immunologic factors appear important in the pathogenesis of @entity16 because antineuronal autoantibodies and T-cell responses against nervous system antigens have been defined for many of these disorders. The immunologic response is elicited by the ectopic expression of neuronal antigens by the @entity5 . Expression of these so-called "onconeural" antigens is limited to the @entity5 and the nervous system and sometimes also the testis. At the time of presentation of the neurological symptoms, most @entity1 have not yet been diagnosed with @entity5 . Detection of @entity8231 antibodies is extremely helpful in diagnosing an otherwise unexplained and often rapidly progressive @entity16 as @entity8231 . In addition, the @entity8231 antibodies may also direct the search for an underlying @entity5 . On the other hand, in @entity1 known to have @entity5 , the presentation of a @entity16 may herald recurrence of the @entity5 or a second @entity5 . The number of @entity8231 antibodies is still growing, and at least seven of these can now be considered well characterized. Based on the clinical syndrome, the type of antibody, and the presence or absence of @entity5 , @entity1 are classified as having a "definite" or "possible" @entity16 . Despite the presumed autoimmune etiology of @entity16 , the results of various forms of immunotherapy have been disappointing, with some exceptions. Rapid detection and immediate treatment of the underlying @entity5 appears to offer the best chance of stabilizing the @entity1 and preventing further @entity16 .
