Biofilms in chronic rhinosinusitis with XXXX .

@entity1 @entity480 @entity8968 @entity102
OBJECTIVE: (1) Evaluate the presence of biofilms in @entity1 with @entity102 with @entity480 (CRSwNP) and (2) investigate the association of biofilm presence and CRSwNP. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: University-based tertiary care center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 33 consecutive @entity1 undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for CRSwNP. The control group consisted of 27 control @entity1 undergoing septoplasty for @entity8968 without diagnosis of @entity102 . Mucosal samples were harvested intraoperatively for scanning electron microscopic examination to determine biofilm presence. Statistical analysis was performed. For all statistical tests, P = .05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Biofilms were found in 24 (72.7%) of the 33 @entity1 with CRSwNP and in 13 (48.1%) of the 27 septoplasty @entity1 (odds ratio = 2.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.98-8.42; P = .051). CONCLUSION: (1) Biofilms were present in @entity1 undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for CRSwNP and also in controls without @entity102 . This suggests that biofilms may not be sufficient to cause @entity102 without other cofactors. Host factors could be the responsible for the pathogenesis of biofilms. (2) Although the prevalence of biofilms in @entity1 with CRSwNP was not significantly different from that in the controls, the extremely wide 95% confidence interval, which is just below unity, suggests that a meaningful clinical difference may have been missed because of low statistical power. Further studies are necessary.
