XXXX modify expression of TGF-b in a co-culture model ultilising human colorectal cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to @entity24046 , @entity526 and @entity794 .

@entity5204 @entity7784 @entity4600 @entity794 @entity24046 @entity1474 @entity1426 @entity32177 @entity1500 @entity526
UNASSIGNED: Commensal bacteria and @entity1474 ( @entity5204 ) have both been shown independently to modulate immune responses. This study tested the hypothesis that the different colonic immunomodulatory responses to commensal ( @entity24046 ) and pathogenic bacteria ( @entity526 and @entity794 ) may be modified by @entity5204 . Experiments used a Transwell system combining the colorectal cell line HT29, or its mucous secreting sub-clone HT29- @entity1500 , with peripheral blood mononuclear cells to analyse immunomodulatory signalling in response to bacteria, with and without prior treatment with @entity1426 , @entity7784 or @entity4600 . @entity24046 increased transforming growth factor b1 (TGF-b1) mRNA and protein secretion in colonic cell lines when compared with controls, an effect that was enhanced by pre-treatment with @entity7784 . In contrast, the Gram-negative pathogen @entity32177 had no significant effect on TGF-b1 protein. @entity24046 also increased IL-8 mRNA but not protein while @entity526 increased both; although differences between @entity5204 treatments were detected, none were significantly different to controls. Colonic epithelial cells show different immunomodulatory signalling patterns in response to the commensal @entity24046 compared to @entity526 and @entity794 and pre-treatment of these cells with @entity5204 can modify responses. Practical applications: We have demonstrated an interaction between dietary @entity5204 and epithelial cell response to both commensal and pathogenic bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract by utilising in vitro co-culture models. The data suggest that n-3 @entity5204 may provide some protection against the potentially damaging effects of pathogens. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of combining n-3 @entity5204 and the commensal bacteria, and potential probiotic, @entity24046 are illustrated by the increased expression of immunoregulatory TGF-b1.
