Left Ventricular Contractile Reserve in Young Adults Long-Term After Repair of XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1498 @entity11139
We assessed the left ventricular (LV) contractile reserve in young adults with repaired @entity1498 and interrupted aortic arch by determination of LV force-frequency relation (FFR). Eighteen (7 @entity1 ) @entity1 aged 24.2    5.4  years and 20 (9 @entity1 ) healthy controls were studied. Blood pressures in the right arm were measured by oscillometry. Transmitral early (E) and late (A) diastolic velocities, tissue Doppler-derived mitral annular systolic (sm), early diastolic (em) and late diastolic (am) velocities, and myocardial @entity11139 ( @entity11139 ) were measured. The LV FFR and average slope were derived from the @entity11139 measured at different heart rates during supine bicycle exercise. Blood pressures at rest were similar between @entity1 and controls (all p >0.05). At baseline, @entity1 compared with controls had significantly greater E velocity, E/A and E/em ratios, and lower sm and em velocities (all p <0.05) but similar @entity11139 (p  = 0.18). At submaximal exercise, diastolic (p  = 0.001) and mean (p  = 0.003) blood pressures became significantly higher in @entity1 than controls, sm (p  = 0.001) and em (p <0.001) velocities remained reduced, whereas the @entity11139 became lower (p <0.001). The weighted average FFR was flattened (p <0.001), and average FFR slope was lower (p <0.001) in @entity1 compared with controls. The average FFR slope correlated negatively with the magnitude of exercise-induced increase in systolic (r  =  -0.32, p  = 0.050), mean (r  =  -0.41, p  = 0.011), and diastolic (r  =  -0.40, p  = 0.013) blood pressures. In conclusion, young adults after @entity1498 and interrupted aortic arch repair exhibit reduced LV contractile reserve, which is related to the blood pressure response during exercise stress.
