The Role of Oxidative Stress in Gastrointestinal Tract Tissues Induced by XXXX Toxicity in Cocks.

@entity1 @entity4447 @entity9188 @entity2041 @entity6172 @entity3787 @entity1234 @entity2145 @entity3494 @entity1865
UNASSIGNED: @entity3494 (As) is a widely distributed trace element which is known to be associated with numerous adverse effects on @entity1 beings and animals. @entity4447 ( @entity9188 ) is an inorganic arsenical-containing toxic compound. The effect of excessive amounts of @entity9188 exposure on gastrointestinal tract tissue damage in cocks is still unknown. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of @entity9188 exposure on gastrointestinal tract tissue damage in cocks. In total, 72 1-day-old male Hyline cocks were randomly divided into four groups and fed either a commercial diet or an @entity9188 supplement diet containing 7.5, 15, and 30  mg/kg @entity9188 . The experiment lasted for 90  days and gastrointestinal tract tissue samples (gizzard, glandular stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and rectum) were collected at 30, 60, and 90  days. Catalase (CAT), @entity2041 ( @entity6172 ), and @entity2041 peroxidase ( @entity6172 -Px) activities; @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) contents; and @entity3787 radical ( @entity2145  )-mediated inhibition were examined. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that @entity1865 content in the gastrointestinal tract was increased, while the activities of CAT, @entity6172 , and @entity6172 -Px and the ability to resist @entity2145   was decreased in the @entity9188 treatment groups. Extensive damage was observed in the gastrointestinal tract. These findings indicated that @entity9188 exposure caused oxidative damage in the gastrointestinal tract of cocks due to alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities and elevation of free radicals.
