@entity509 of the small pulmonary arteries in @entity1700 with obstructed XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1700 @entity3885 @entity133 @entity509 @entity358 @entity9676
OBJECTIVE: Preoperative @entity3885 has been reported to be a risk factor negatively impacting survival in @entity1700 . We examined lung tissue from @entity1700 @entity1 with @entity3885 and demonstrated @entity509 of small pulmonary arteries to elucidate the mechanism underlying the poor outcome. METHODS: Ten @entity1700 @entity1 with preoperative @entity3885 between the ages of 2 days and 10 months were studied. As histological parameters, we assessed the size of small pulmonary arteries in relation to the size of accompanying bronchioles to identify small pulmonary artery underdevelopment. Other parameters, such as the radial alveolar count, which reflects @entity133 , intimal lesions, @entity9676 , and the medial thickness of small pulmonary arteries and small pulmonary veins, were also examined. As a control group, we examined 24 autopsy cases with no congenital heart or @entity358 . RESULTS: When the radius of the accompanying bronchiole was 100 microm, the radius of small pulmonary artery in the control group was found to enlarge for the first 2 months and then remain stable at approximately 80 microm from 2 to 10 months. In @entity1700 with preoperative @entity3885 , the radius was significantly lower than in the control (47.0 +/- 21.8 microm versus 75.9 +/- 9.8 microm, P <.001), and the difference between dead and surviving @entity1 was significant at P <.001 (33.0 +/- 14.6 microm versus 68.2 +/- 9.2 microm). Examination of the alveoli yielded an radial alveolar count of 4.6 +/- 1.5 in the control group and 4.4 +/- 0.8 in the @entity1700 @entity1 , and the difference was not significant (P =.71). CONCLUSIONS: The small pulmonary arteries of @entity1700 @entity1 with preoperative @entity3885 were underdeveloped compared with controls but their alveolae were not hypoplastic. These results suggested that the small @entity358 may be responsible for the poor outcome of these @entity1 .
