Ectodermal Wnt controls nasal pit morphogenesis through modulation of the @entity6861 /FGF/ XXXX signaling axis.

@entity1 @entity13019 @entity154 @entity2419 @entity600 @entity4011 @entity3546 @entity13027 @entity26467 @entity4675 @entity13030 @entity18297 @entity3384 @entity6861
BACKGROUND: Mutations of @entity13019 , @entity18297 , @entity13027 , and @entity13030 genes are associated with @entity600 , including @entity2419 ( @entity3384 with @entity2419 ) in @entity1 . However, the source of Wnt ligands and their signaling effects on the orofacial morphogenetic process remain elusive. RESULTS: Using @entity4011 -Cre to impair Wnt secretion through the inactivation of @entity26467 /mWls, we investigate the relevant regulation of Wnt production and signaling in nasal-facial development. Ectodermal ablation of @entity26467 leads to severe @entity154 resulting from dramatically reduced cell proliferation and increased cell death due to a combined loss of WNT, FGF and @entity6861 signaling in the developing facial prominence. In the invaginating nasal pit, the @entity26467 disruption also causes a detrimental effect on migration of the olfactory epithelial cells into the mesenchymal region. The blockage of Wnt secretion apparently impairs the olfactory epithelial cells through modulation of @entity4675 signaling. CONCLUSIONS: Our study thus suggests the head ectoderm, including the facial ectoderm and the neuroectoderm, as the source of canonical as well as non-canonical Wnt ligands during early development of the nasal-facial prominence. Both @entity3546 dependent and independent signaling pathways are required for proper development of these morphogenetic processes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
