Stability and change in XXXX diagnosis from age 3 to middle childhood in a high-risk sibling cohort.

@entity1 @entity72 @entity2438
UNASSIGNED: Considerable evidence on @entity72 emergence comes from longitudinal high-risk samples (i.e. younger siblings of @entity1 with @entity72 ). Diagnostic stability to age 3 is very good when diagnosed as early as 18-24   months, but sensitivity is weaker, and relatively little is known beyond toddlerhood. We examined stability and change in blinded, clinical best-estimate diagnosis from age 3 to middle childhood (mean age   =   9.5   years) in 67 high-risk siblings enrolled in infancy. Good agreement emerged for clinical best-estimate diagnoses (89.6% overall; kappa   =   0.76, p   <   0.001, 95% confidence interval   =   0.59-0.93). At age 3, 18 cases (26.9%) were classified with " @entity72 ": 17 retained their @entity72 diagnosis (94.4%; 13 @entity1 , 4 @entity1 ) and 1 no longer met @entity72 criteria at follow-up. Among "non- @entity72 " cases at age 3, 43/49 remained non- @entity72 at follow-up (87.8%; 22 @entity1 , 21 @entity1 ) and 6/49 met lower @entity2438 symptomatology criteria ("Later-Diagnosed"; 3 @entity1 , 3 @entity1 ). Later-diagnosed cases had significantly lower @entity72 symptomatology and higher receptive language at age 3 and trends toward lower @entity2438 symptoms and higher cognitive abilities at follow-up. Emerging developmental concerns were noted in all later-diagnosed cases, by age 3 or 5. High-risk @entity1 need to be followed up into middle childhood, particularly when showing differences in @entity2438 -related domains.
