Body mass index, XXXX and cardiometabolic risk factors in youth from Portugal and Mozambique.

@entity1 @entity410 @entity28 @entity1674 @entity413 @entity165
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study are to examine differences in cardiometabolic risk indicators, as well as their prevalences, in Portuguese and Mozambican youth, and to investigate the associations between weight status and @entity410 with cardiometabolic risk. METHODS: The sample comprises 721 adolescents (323 Mozambican and 398 Portuguese), aged 10-15 years. Anthropometry (height, sitting height, weight and waist circumference), blood pressure, serum-fasting @entity1674 , high-density lipoprotein @entity165 and @entity413 , and @entity410 were measured. Maturity offset was estimated and a cardiometabolic risk score adjusted for sex, age and biological maturity was computed. Adolescents were classified as normal weight and overweight/ @entity28 as well as fit or unfit ( @entity410 ). RESULTS: Portuguese youth have better cardiometabolic and @entity410 profiles. About 32% and 30% of Portuguese @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively, are overweight/ @entity28 ; in Mozambicans, these prevalences are 7.5% for @entity1 and 21% for @entity1 ; in addition, 81.6% of Portuguese @entity1 and 77.7% of Portuguese @entity1 were classified as cardiorespiratory fit, against 54% and 44.4% of Mozambican @entity1 and @entity1 , respectively. No statistically significant differences (P>0.05) were found between Mozambicans and Portuguese for the cluster of three or more cardiometabolic risk indicators. A positive relationship (P<0.001) was found between weight status and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents from both countries; however, a negative association (P<0.001) between @entity410 and cardiometabolic risk was only found among Portuguese youth. CONCLUSIONS: Portuguese and Mozambican youth differ in their cardiometabolic risk profiles, body weight and @entity410 , favoring Portuguese. Overweight/ @entity28 and low @entity410 are related to a worse cardiometabolic risk profile, being relevant to design public health intervention strategies to reduce excess weight and increase @entity410 .International Journal of Obesity advance online publication, 30 June 2015; doi:10.1038/ijo.2015.110.
