Divergent Invariant Natural Killer T-Cell Response to Sepsis of Abdominal vs. Non-Abdominal Origin in XXXX Beings.

@entity1 @entity295 @entity55 @entity326 @entity1850 @entity1320 @entity204 @entity7986
BACKGROUND: The etiology of @entity295 is broad. The peritoneal cavity displays compartmentalization with respect to inflammatory responses, so peripheral blood responses to @entity295 of abdominal vs. non-abdominal origin are expected to be divergent. Lymphocytes and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells play important roles in survival from @entity295 , as they dampen the neutrophil and macrophage responses. We assessed whether circulating iNKT cells display distinct phenotypic profiles depending on the presence of abdominal vs. @entity1320 with @entity295 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity295 , defined as infection confirmed microbiologically with a @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ), were enrolled prospectively. They were categorized as having either exclusively @entity295 of abdominal or exclusively non-abdominal origin. The white blood cell (WBC) count was recorded. Whole-blood staining with monoclonal antibodies to CD3, V-alpha-24 (to identify iNKT cells), and @entity7986 (marker of early activation) was applied. RESULTS: Of the 53 enrolled @entity1 , 18 had @entity1320 . @entity55 was the most common non-abdominal type. There was no difference in gender, age, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, WBC count, or CD3(+) T cells (7.1%  1.6% vs. 6.5%  0.9%; p=0.75) in the two groups. @entity1 with @entity1320 had a higher proportion of iNKT cells (2.7%  1.1% vs. 0.89%  0.14%; p=0.032). Correcting for WBC count, this translated into a higher absolute number of iNKT cells (3.4  1.8*10(7)/L vs. 0.74  0.15*10(7)/L; p=0.03). @entity1 with @entity295 of abdominal origin had a lower percentage of @entity7986 (+) iNKT cells (9.1%  3.1% vs. 27.2%  5.8%; p=0.028). In @entity1 in shock vs. those who were not, @entity1 with @entity1320 exhibited a greater number of iNKT cells (1.47  0.3   v. 0.62  0.1*10(7)/L; p=0.022) and percentage of activated iNKT cells (53  14.5% vs. 17.9  4.8%; p=0.04). @entity1 with @entity1320 who died had a lower absolute number of activated iNKT cells (0.8  1.2*10(7)/L vs. 0.34  0.1*10(7)/L; p=0.023); however, no such shock or @entity204 correlation was noted in @entity1 with @entity295 of abdominal origin. CONCLUSIONS: Divergent @entity295 etiologies display distinct blood iNKT cell population changes. In @entity1320 , this difference was associated with @entity326 and @entity204 . Elucidating the importance and basis for these changes relative to the response to sources of infection will help clarify appropriate diagnosis and management of the @entity1 with @entity295 .
