Risk Factors Associated With XXXX Deaths From Pertussis: A Case-Control Study.

@entity1 @entity6113 @entity410 @entity198 @entity55 @entity5695 @entity7646 @entity120 @entity842 @entity230 @entity204 @entity491
BACKGROUND: In the current era, most @entity5695 deaths occur in @entity1 <3 months of age. @entity491 with @entity6113 and @entity55 are commonly observed among cases of severe @entity5695 . METHODS: Risk factors associated with fatal @entity5695 were identified by comparing fatal @entity5695 cases among @entity1 <120 days of age occurring from 1 January 1998 through 26 December 2014, matched by age (<120 days), county of residence, and closest symptom onset date with 1-4 nonfatal hospitalized cases. California Department of Public Health surveillance data were reviewed to identify cases; demographics, clinical presentation, and course were abstracted from corresponding birth and medical records. Logistic regression and classification tree analyses were used to examine the risk of fatal @entity5695 with respect to identified factors. RESULTS: Fifty-three fatal @entity1 @entity5695 cases were identified and compared with 183 nonfatal hospitalized @entity5695 cases. Fatal cases had significantly lower birth weight, younger gestational age, younger age at time of cough onset, and higher peak white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte counts. Fatal cases were less likely to have received @entity7646 antibiotics and more likely to have received @entity230 or @entity842 and to develop @entity120 , @entity410 , @entity198 , and @entity55 . Additionally, exchange transfusion, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and intubation occurred significantly more frequently among fatal cases. In multivariate analyses, peak WBC count, birth weight, intubation, and receipt of @entity842 were predictors of @entity204 . CONCLUSIONS: Early recognition of @entity5695 in young @entity1 and treatment with appropriate antibiotic therapy are important in preventing @entity204 . Several risk factors are strongly associated with fatal @entity5695 in @entity1 .
