[Non-immunologic XXXX --report of 14 cases and literature review].

@entity1 @entity5028 @entity591 @entity4296 @entity1763 @entity65
With the advent of prenatal diagnosis and the feasibility of intrauterine treatment, non-immune @entity4296 (NHIF) is gaining increasing importance. 14 @entity1 are reported 10 of whom having been diagnosed prenatally. 13 were born prematurely severe @entity1763 being a frequent occurrence. 7 out of 14 @entity1 survived. In 5 cases no definite etiology could be established. In 7 @entity1 NHIF was attributable to @entity65 , predominantly associated with brady- or @entity591 . A survey of the literature reveals that etiology remains unidentified in about 40%. For the rest fetal, maternal or @entity5028 are the primary causes. The abundance of underlying diseases are operative via three pathophysiological pathways: hemodynamic disturbances, decreased oncotic pressure and increased capillary permeability. By ultrasound examination, NHIF can be detected prenatally permitting intrauterine treatment in selected cases. In combination with improved postnatal management, this might contribute to a better outcome of @entity4296 which is still associated with a high mortality rate. Meticulous diagnostic work-up facilitates genetic counseling and the pursuit of prenatal diagnosis in subsequent pregnancies.
