Apical XXXX : correlations between echocardiographic parameters, angiographic left ventricular morphology, and clinical outcomes.

@entity1 @entity154 @entity1184 @entity439 @entity1121 @entity65
BACKGROUND: Echocardiographic parameters could be implicated in the development of apical asynergy (characterized by apical sequestration or apical @entity439 ) and worse cardiovascular outcome in @entity1 with @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ). HYPOTHESIS: Echocardiographic parameters and morphological patterns of left ventriculograms are associated with @entity65 and mortality in @entity1 with @entity1121 . METHODS: We followed 47 cases with echocardiographically documented @entity1121 . Echocardiographic findings of the extent and degree of @entity1184 , sustained cavity obliteration, and paradoxical diastolic jet flow were measured. All @entity1 underwent a cardiac catheterization except for the cases whose informed consent was not acquired. The clinical manifestations were assessed and recorded by the attending physicians during 35.4    23.7 months follow-up. RESULTS: Among the 47 @entity1 with @entity1121 , 30 @entity1 presented as the "pure" form and 17 @entity1 present as the "mixed" form. Seventeen of 28 @entity1 with sustained cavity obliteration showed paradoxical flow by echocardiography. Thirty-one underwent left ventriculograms and showed @entity154 , including "ace-of-spades" configuration (15/31), apical sequestration (12/31), and apical @entity439 (4/31). The results demonstrated that cardiovascular morbidities occurred in 21 of 47 @entity1 and were closely related to the presence of mixed form @entity1121 , cavity obliteration, and paradoxical flow by univariate and multivariate Cox analysis. During the period of follow-up, 4 @entity1 (9.5%) died, and among them 3 had concomitant apical @entity439 . CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that detection of cavity obliteration and paradoxical flow and discrimination of pure form from mixed form by echocardiography, as well apical sequestration from apical @entity439 in @entity1121 @entity1 , is warranted.
