Oral nickel exposure may induce XXXX reaction in nickel-sensitized subjects.

@entity1 @entity225 @entity1697 @entity56 @entity379 @entity113 @entity1576 @entity3646 @entity688 @entity1909 @entity110
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the clinical and immunological changes in the nickel allergic @entity1 with systemic symptoms. We aimed to evaluate T helper cell responses of @entity1 with different clinical presentations due to nickel. METHODS: @entity1 having @entity56 and positive patch test results to nickel and 20 controls underwent skin prick tests with nickel. @entity688 , @entity3646 , @entity225 and @entity379 were measured in the culture supernatants of PBMC stimulated by nickel during lymphocyte proliferation test (LTT). RESULTS: 69 @entity1 (56 female, mean age: 49.2    13.1), 97% having nickel containing dental devices and 20 controls (8 female, mean age 34.9    12.06) were evaluated. Skin prick tests with nickel were positive in 70% of the @entity1 (p<0.001), being significantly higher in the @entity1 with @entity110 / @entity113 (p=0.02). The LTT stimulation index (p<0.0001), @entity3646 (p=0.002), @entity379 (p=0.01), @entity225 (p=0.04) and @entity688 (p=0.003) were higher in the @entity1 group. LTT stimulation index, @entity3646 and @entity688 were significantly elevated in @entity1 having @entity110 , @entity113 and @entity1576 when compared to those who had only oral symptoms or systemic @entity1909 (p=0.004, p=0.002 and p=0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study suggests the presence of @entity56 in addition to a Type IV immune reaction in @entity1 with chronic systemic symptoms related to nickel. Nickel containing @entity1697 seem to trigger systemic symptoms in previously nickel sensitized @entity1 .
