A circadian clock entrained by XXXX is ticking in the @entity35 fetal adrenal.

@entity11970 @entity24097 @entity2819 @entity2493 @entity18922 @entity35 @entity7703 @entity8280
The adrenal gland in the adult is a peripheral circadian clock involved in the coordination of energy intake and expenditure, required for adaptation to the external environment. During fetal life, a peripheral circadian clock is present in the nonhuman primate adrenal gland. Whether this extends to the fetal adrenal gland like the @entity35 is unknown. Here we explored in vivo and in vitro whether the @entity35 fetal adrenal is a peripheral circadian clock entrained by @entity2493 . We measured the 24-h changes in adrenal content of @entity2819 and in the expression of clock genes @entity7703 and @entity18922 and of @entity24097 ( @entity24097 ), @entity8280 @entity2493 receptor, and @entity11970 ( @entity11970 ) expression. In culture, we explored whether oscillatory expression of these genes persisted during 48 h and the effect of a 4-h @entity2493 pulse on their expression. In vivo, the @entity35 fetal adrenal gland showed circadian expression of @entity18922 and @entity7703 in antiphase (acrophases at 2200 and 1300 h, respectively) as well as of @entity8280 and @entity11970 . This was accompanied by circadian rhythms of @entity2819 content and of @entity24097 expression both peaking at 0600 h. The 24-h oscillatory expression of @entity18922 , @entity7703 , @entity24097 , @entity8280 , and @entity11970 persisted during 48 h in culture; however, the antiphase between @entity7703 and @entity18922 was lost. The pulse of @entity2493 shifted the acrophases of all the genes studied and restored the antiphase between @entity7703 and @entity18922 . Thus, in the @entity35 , the fetal adrenal is a strong peripheral clock potentially amenable to regulation by maternal @entity2493 .
