XXXX of the clivus and traumatic @entity6877 of the central skull base in the pediatric population.

@entity1 @entity174 @entity542 @entity772 @entity6877
OBJECT: @entity174 of the clivus and traumatic diastases of the clival synchondroses are rare in the pediatric population. The incidence, outcome, and biomechanics associated with these @entity174 have been difficult to ascertain secondary to the lack of literature pertaining to their occurrence. METHODS: A Boolean search of the electronic medical record database at the @entity1 's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, was performed to identify @entity1 with @entity174 of the clivus that were diagnosed using CT of the head. A retrospective review of the chart and radiographic imaging was then performed to assess data regarding @entity1 demographics, mechanism of injury, and skull and brain parenchymal injuries, as well as outcomes. RESULTS: Between May 2002 and November 2007, 16 @entity1 with @entity174 of the clivus were identified. The mean age of these @entity1 was 9 years (range 1-16 years). Eleven (68.8%) of the 16 @entity1 had an associated traumatic @entity6877 of the central skull base. Five (31.3%) of the 16 @entity1 died. However, of the 11 @entity1 who survived, all had a good outcome with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 4 or 5 at the time of discharge. The incidence of @entity174 among @entity1 with @entity542 was 0.33%. CONCLUSIONS: Clival @entity174 occur with a similar incidence in both the pediatric and adult trauma population. Outcome is not correlated directly with the extent of clival @entity174 , but rather with the presenting Glasgow @entity772 Scale score and concomitant brain parenchymal injuries. The identification of traumatic diastases in @entity1 with @entity174 suggests that static loading forces are a significant factor in the biomechanics producing these types of @entity174 .
