Clinical outcomes of nitinol staples for preventing curve progression in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity2112
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although bracing for @entity2112 is moderately successful, its efficacy has been called into question and it carries associated psychosocial ramifications. In this study we report the background, rationale, indications, surgical techniques, and early results of vertebral body stapling (VBS) in @entity1 with @entity2112 . METHODS: We reviewed the literature on growth modulation of the growing spine and the concepts behind the use of VBS as a fusionless strategy. The indications are derived from retrospectively reviewed @entity1 with @entity2112 treated with VBS followed for a minimum of 2 years. Indications for staple use included: (a) age <13 years in @entity1 and 15 in @entity1 , (b) Risser 0 or 1 and/or 1 year of growth remaining on wrist radiograph, (c) coronal curve <45 degrees with minimal rotation and flexible to <25 degrees on a side bending radiograph, and (d) sagittal thoracic curve <40 degrees. RESULTS: Thoracic curves measuring <35 degrees had a success rate of 77.7%. Curves which reached  <= 20 degrees on first erect radiograph had a success rate of 85.7%. Thoracic curves greater than 35 degrees were not successful and require alternative treatments. Lumbar curves demonstrated a success rate of 86.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Some @entity1 with @entity2112 with moderate curves (25 to 45 degrees) and high risk of progression can be safely treated with VBS as an alternative to bracing. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.
