Towards XXXX @entity26 Images with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging.

@entity1 @entity1095 @entity64 @entity0 @entity5 @entity26 @entity519 @entity72798 @entity299 @entity4095
Electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) has been used to noninvasively provide 3D images of absolute @entity26 concentration ( @entity4095 ) in small animals. These @entity26 images are well resolved both spatially (~1  mm) and in @entity4095 (1-3  mmHg). EPRI preclinical images of @entity4095 have demonstrated extremely promising results for various applications investigating @entity26 related physiologic and biologic processes as well as the dependence of various disease states on @entity4095 , such as the role of @entity519 in @entity5 .Recent developments have been made that help to progress EPRI towards the eventual goal of @entity1 application. For example, a bimodal crossed-wire surface coil has been developed. Very preliminary tests demonstrated a 20  dB isolation between transmit and receive for this coil, with an anticipated additional 20  dB achievable. This could potentially be used to image local @entity4095 in @entity1 subjects with superficial @entity5 with EPRI. Local excitation and detection will reduce the specific absorption rate limitations on images and eliminate any possible power deposition concerns. Additionally, a large 9  mT EPRI magnet has been constructed which can fit and provide static main and gradient fields for imaging local anatomy in an entire @entity1 . One potential obstacle that must be overcome in order to use EPRI to image @entity1 is the approved use of the requisite EPRI spin probe imaging agent ( @entity72798 ). While nontoxic, EPRI @entity72798 spin probes have been injected intravenously when imaging small animals, and require relatively high total body injection doses that would not be suitable for @entity1 imaging applications. Work has been done demonstrating the alternative use of intratumoral (IT) injections, which can reduce the amount of @entity72798 required for imaging by a factor of 2000- relative to a whole body intravenous injection.The development of a large magnet that can accommodate @entity1 subjects, the design of a surface coil for imaging of superficial @entity4095 , and the reduction of required spin probe using IT injections all are crucial steps towards the eventual use of EPRI to image @entity4095 in @entity1 subjects. In the future this can help investigate the oxygenation status of superficial @entity5 (e.g., @entity0 ). The ability to image @entity4095 in @entity1 has many other potential applications to diseases such as @entity1095 , @entity299 , and @entity64 .
