The complications of XXXX formation associated with intrathecal pump placement.

@entity1 @entity1643 @entity3520 @entity55 @entity2318 @entity508 @entity1286 @entity1566 @entity3519 @entity158 @entity1772
A 40-year-old @entity1 had an intrathecal @entity1286 - @entity1772 pump inserted for the treatment of severe @entity3519 affecting all limbs and severe @entity1643 . The etiology of his @entity3520 , despite thorough investigations, was uncertain. At age 45, the @entity1 fell resulting in a cervical @entity1566 . He underwent C2 through C5 instrumentation and fusion for cervical spine stabilization. Subsequently, an intrathecal @entity1286 - @entity1772 pump was implanted to control @entity158 and decrease @entity508 . The @entity1 ultimately died at age 48 from complications of @entity55 , and an autopsy was performed. Gross pathologic examination revealed that the intrathecal catheter entered the posterior aspect of the lumbar thecal sac, but coursed superiorly in the anterior intradural space. The catheter tip exited the thecal sac in the upper thoracic spine and became embedded in a @entity2318 . Displacement of the catheter tip of the intrathecal @entity1286 - @entity1772 pump and subsequent formation of @entity2318 tissue resulted in decreased drug delivery, contributing to diminished @entity158 control and functional status. Catheter displacement and epidural @entity2318 formation must be considered as a potential cause of @entity158 control and decreased functional status in @entity1 with intrathecal @entity1286 - @entity1772 pumps.
