An Ex Vivo Model for Studying XXXX and the Effect of Released Protein from Dying Eggs.

@entity12427 @entity32 @entity9827 @entity18238 @entity14970 @entity8334 @entity19 @entity635 @entity634 @entity22425 @entity5779 @entity14636 @entity777 @entity99 @entity2042
BACKGROUND: We report the use of an ex vivo precision cut liver slice (PCLS) @entity19 model for studying @entity99 . In this system, liver tissue is unfixed, unfrozen, and alive for maintenance in culture and subsequent molecular analysis. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Using thick naive @entity19 liver tissue and sterile culture conditions, the addition of soluble egg antigen (SEA) derived from @entity2042 eggs, followed 4, 24 and 48hrs time points. Tissue was collected for transcriptional analysis and supernatants collected to quantitate liver enzymes, cytokines and chemokines. No significant hepatotoxicity was demonstrated by supernatant liver enzymes due to the presence of SEA. A proinflammatory response was observed both at the transcriptional level and at the protein level by cytokine and chemokine bead assay. Key genes observed elevated transcription in response to the addition of SEA included: @entity634 and @entity635 , @entity777 , all associated with @entity32 . The recruitment of antigen presenting cells was reflected in increases in transcription of @entity14636 , @entity22425 and @entity9827 . Indications of tissue remodeling were seen in elevated gene expression of various Matrix MetalloProteinases ( @entity18238 , 9, 10, 13) and delayed increases in @entity5779 . Collagen deposition was significantly reduced in the presence of SEA as shown in @entity8334 expression by qPCR after 24hrs culture. Cytokine and chemokine analysis of the culture supernatants confirmed the elevation of proteins including @entity777 , @entity12427 , @entity22425 and @entity14970 . CONCLUSIONS: This ex vivo model system for the synchronised delivery of parasite antigen to liver tissue provides an insight into the early phase of @entity99 , corresponding with the release of soluble proteins from dying schistosome eggs.
