Surgical management of XXXX in childhood.

@entity1 @entity788 @entity295 @entity390 @entity548 @entity39 @entity130 @entity391 @entity4306 @entity158 @entity9007 @entity490 @entity3762 @entity204 @entity12828
In a retrospective study of @entity1 18 years of age and younger over a 28-year period, 48 @entity1 had @entity788 . @entity158 , @entity390 , and @entity391 were present in 90%. @entity12828 was present in 34 @entity1 ; elevated amylase/creatinine clearance ratio was helpful in diagnosing ten others. In four @entity1 , @entity788 was diagnosed at laparotomy. Etiology of the @entity788 was @entity3762 in 16, drug-induced in 12, all of whom had received corticosteroids. Nine developed @entity788 after @entity130 ; seven had obstruction of the pancreaticobiliary drainage system. Two @entity1 developed @entity788 in association with @entity295 , and two had recurrent @entity4306 . Thirty of the 48 @entity1 were managed nonoperatively while operations were required in 18. Seven had drainage of @entity9007 , four had a pancreatectomy, and four underwent laparotomy with debridement and @entity39 . Bilioenteric bypass procedures were performed to prevent recurrent @entity788 in three @entity1 ; while duodenojenjunostomy sphincteroplasty and cholecystectomy were performed in one @entity1 each. Cure was achieved in 38 of 48 @entity1 treated for @entity788 and its complications; each subsequently grew and developed normally. @entity548 occurred in seven @entity1 , six of whom died. Seven @entity204 occurred, all in the medically treated group. Fifteen of the 18 @entity1 treated operatively did well in long-term follow-up. Although rare, @entity788 is a serious cause of @entity490 in childhood; almost half of the @entity1 will benefit from operation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
