XXXX in Sjogren syndrome: a new reappraisal.

@entity1 @entity706 @entity1333 @entity16 @entity1109 @entity262 @entity305 @entity4125 @entity1897 @entity751 @entity792 @entity934
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity1897 in @entity1 with @entity751 remains unclear owing to conflicting results in the published series, with numbers ranging from 2% to over 60% of @entity751 @entity1 . Whether @entity1897 is a feature of the @entity262 or whether it is related to a circulating antineuronal antibody remains also uncertain. METHODS: The authors reviewed the records of @entity1 with primary @entity751 (pSS), fulfilling the Revised European-American Classification Criteria, seen in their department from 1992 to 2009. The @entity1 with previously recorded neuropathic features were re-examined clinically and electrophysiologically. Other causes of @entity305 were excluded. The authors also searched for circulating antineural antibodies using immunofluorescence and western blot and for antibodies against muscarinic and nicotinic @entity934 receptors as potential biomarkers. RESULTS: 509 cases met the diagnostic criteria for pSS. Among these, 44 @entity1 were recorded as having @entity1109 . After completing the evaluation, however, only nine (1.8%) had @entity305 with objective clinical signs and abnormal electrophysiological findings. The @entity16 was axonal in all, in five pure sensory and in four sensorimotor. The @entity1 with @entity1897 had extraglandular manifestations such as palpable @entity4125 and @entity1333 . No evidence of antineural @entity792 was found, and no candidate biomarkers were identified. CONCLUSION: @entity305 is a rare manifestation of pSS occurring in 1.8% of @entity1 . In the majority of @entity1 , it is a late event and frequently associated with @entity262 or risk factors for @entity706 development.
