Surface and charge transport characterization of XXXX -cellulose @entity598 composite membranes.

@entity16903 @entity23551 @entity598
This study elucidates the charge transport processes of @entity16903 ( @entity23551 ) composite membranes and correlates them to the @entity23551 deposition site and the extent of @entity23551 surface layering on the base microporous membranes. @entity23551 was deposited either as a surface layer or inside the pores of cellulose @entity598 microporous membranes using various in situ chemical polymerization techniques. The extent of @entity23551 layering at the surface of the base membrane and its oxidation and doping states were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). @entity23551 deposition on the membranes showed a strong dependence on the polymerization technique and polymerization time within a single technique. In XPS, the deconvolution of C 1s and N 1s core-level spectra of the composite membranes was used to quantify the extent of @entity23551 layering at the surface along with its oxidation and doping states. @entity23551 incompletely covered the surface of the base microporous membranes for all the employed techniques. However, the extent of the layering increased with the polymerization time in a particular technique. The charge transport through the bulk membrane and charge transfer at the membrane/electrode interface were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The data were analyzed using the equivalent circuit modeling technique. The modeling parameters revealed that @entity23551 deposition at the surface enhanced the interfacial charge transfer but the process depended on the extent of the surface coverage of the membrane. In addition, the charge transport in the bulk membrane depended on the @entity23551 intercalation level, which varied depending on the polymerization technique employed. In addition, the EIS of electrolyte-soaked membranes was also conducted to evaluate the effects of @entity23551 deposition site on charge transport in the presence of an electrolyte. @entity23551 layering at the pore walls of the base membrane from diaphragmatic polymerization in a two-compartment cell showed that charge transport processes were strongly affected by the interaction of the electrolyte with the @entity23551 layer at the pore surface. This study successfully showed the dependence of charge transport mechanisms of @entity23551 composite membranes on the @entity23551 deposition site and extent of surface layering at the membrane surface.
