Linkage analysis of candidate loci in families with recurrent XXXX .

@entity11385 @entity1 @entity162 @entity308 @entity1316 @entity74
Recurrent @entity308 , @entity11385 , is characterized by the occurrence of @entity308 episodes in the absence of @entity162 and/or hypomania. In linkage studies, @entity11385 (or, in general, @entity308 ) are frequently grouped together with @entity162 into a broad @entity1316 . However, twin studies suggest that @entity11385 and @entity162 might have different @entity74 . The objective of this study was to test a set of families with @entity11385 for linkage to chromosomes that have been recently proposed to contain susceptibility loci for @entity162 : chromosomes 16, 18, 21 and the short arm of chromosome 4. We analysed five large families from the northern part of Sweden ascertained through a proband with @entity11385 and containing several @entity1 with @entity11385 . For the genetic analysis, we included only severely affected individuals (those who had at least three episodes that required medical treatment) to increase the chances of finding a larger degree of @entity74 . The genetic model led to a total disease prevalence of 5% in females and 3% in males. We did not find significant evidence for linkage to any of the candidate chromosomes in the combined family set. Only one of the families showed a slight indication for linkage with markers from the pericentromeric region of chromosome 18. A genome scan analysis on an extended collaborative family material with severely affected individuals with @entity11385 should be performed to evaluate whether @entity11385 and @entity162 have a different genetic etiology.
