Reference values and early determinants of intra-abdominal fat mass in primary school XXXX .

@entity1 @entity287 @entity1017 @entity1320 @entity65 @entity165
BACKGROUND: @entity1320 ( @entity1320 ) is a valuable predictor of @entity65 . However, neither reference values nor determinants are known in @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1320 was assessed as sonographically measured intra-abdominal depth in 1,046 @entity1 [median age 7.6 years, interquartile range (IQR) 7.2-7.9; 54% @entity1 ] of the URMEL-ICE study. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficient for intraobserver agreement was 0.93. The median @entity1320 showed a significant gender difference ( @entity1 : 54.6 mm, IQR 50.1-59.3, vs. @entity1 : 51.7 mm, IQR 46.3-56.4; p < 0.001). Age- and gender-specific centiles were generated. @entity1320 showed a positive correlation to systolic blood pressure [regression coefficient (b) = 0.24 mm Hg/mm; p < 0.001] and a negative correlation to HDL @entity165 (b = -0.01 mmol/l/mm; p < 0.001). @entity1320 showed a positive association with increased paternal and maternal BMI (b = 0.28 mm/kg/m(2) and 0.27 mm/kg/m(2); p < 0.001), increased @entity1017 in the first 2 years of life (b = 3.04 mm; p < 0.001), and maternal @entity287 during pregnancy (b = 2.4 mm; p = 0.001). Increased parental education was negatively associated with @entity1320 (maternal: b = -0.65 mm/degree; p = 0.004, and paternal: b = -0.61 mm/degree; p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Sonography was a reliable tool to estimate @entity1320 . Factors influencing @entity1320 included rapid @entity1 @entity1017 , smoking during pregnancy, and parental BMI and education. Since @entity1320 showed an association with cardiovascular risk factors even in prepubertal @entity1 , it might become a valuable predictor of @entity65 .
