Racial-ethnic disparities in empirically-derived subtypes of subclinical XXXX among a U.S. sample of youths.

@entity1 @entity162 @entity7864 @entity161 @entity716 @entity3257
INTRODUCTION: Racial-ethnic minority status is a consistent risk factor for @entity161 , with associations extending to @entity162 and subthreshold @entity716 experiences. However, few epidemiologic studies have been conducted in the U.S., and evidence is inconsistent. Furthermore, no U.S. studies of youths have directly investigated the phenomenological overlap between @entity161 and @entity162 . We aimed to do so at the subthreshold level in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. METHODS: @entity1 included 6533 individuals, age 11-21years, from a community healthcare network. Latent class analysis was used to form subtypes of sub- @entity716 based on 12 attenuated positive items and 7 @entity162 items without duration criteria. Associations between race-ethnicity ( @entity3257 , Hispanic, "other") and sub- @entity716 subtype were estimated using latent class regression. RESULTS: Four classes were identified: Sub-positive Only (13.4%), @entity162 Only (15.5%), Both (9.1%), and Neither (62.0%). Minority @entity1 were generally more likely than non-Hispanic whites to belong to one of the three sub- @entity716 classes compared to the Neither class. Associations for Hispanics and @entity7864 remained after adjustment for age, sex, and maternal education, and restriction to @entity1 without significant physical health conditions. Racial-ethnic disparities were greater in magnitude for the two classes characterized by sub-positive symptoms, Sub-positive Only and Both, than for the @entity162 Only class. This pattern was statistically significant among @entity7864 . CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence for racial-ethnic disparities in empirically-derived subtypes of subthreshold @entity716 , broadly defined, among U.S. youths. Further research is needed to determine whether these disparities persist to the clinical disorder level in adulthood.
