@entity21454 dendrimers can improve the pulmonary absorption of insulin and calcitonin in XXXX .

@entity175 @entity137 @entity21454 @entity880 @entity35 @entity21455
The absorption-enhancing effects of @entity21454 ( @entity21455 ) dendrimers with various generations (G0-G3) and concentrations [0.1%-1.0% (w/v)] on the pulmonary absorption of peptide and protein drugs were studied in @entity35 . Insulin and calcitonin were chosen as models of peptide and protein drugs, and their pulmonary absorption with or without @entity21455 dendrimers was examined by in vivo pulmonary absorption studies. @entity21455 dendrimers significantly increased the pulmonary absorption of insulin and calcitonin in @entity35 , and their absorption-enhancing effects were generation dependent. The rank order of absorption enhancement effect of these @entity21455 dendrimers was G3 > G2 > G1 > G0. For the same generation, the absorption-enhancing effects of @entity21455 dendrimers were shown to be concentration dependent. The @entity137 of these @entity21455 dendrimers in the lung tissues was evaluated by measuring the release of protein and the activities of @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The @entity21455 dendrimers with various generations and concentrations did not significantly increase the release of protein and the activities of LDH in BALF, indicating that these dendrimers did not cause any membrane damage to the lung tissues. The zeta potentials of insulin and calcitonin solutions changed to positive by the addition of @entity21455 dendrimers, and the degree of positive charge as determined by the zeta potentials was linearly correlated with the absorption-enhancing effects of the @entity21455 dendrimers. This positive charge of the @entity21455 dendrimers might be related to their absorption-enhancing mechanisms for improving the pulmonary absorption of insulin and @entity175 in @entity35 . In conclusion, the @entity21455 dendrimers are suitable absorption enhancers to improve the pulmonary absorption of insulin and calcitonin without any membrane damage to the respiratory tissues.
