Influence of an established acute phase response on the severity of experimental XXXX .

@entity1310 @entity8 @entity548 @entity14445 @entity568 @entity633 @entity35 @entity631 @entity4092
Small doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced an acute phase response (APR), and a number of studies have also shown that this greatly enhances the severity of @entity8 in the heterologous phase of @entity1310 (hNTN), an experimental model of @entity631 ( @entity631 ) disease. Here, we examined the influence of pre-existing @entity4092 and raised APR, assessed by plasma @entity14445 ( @entity14445 ) concentration, on the degree of injury in this model of @entity1310 . Studies were initially performed to determine the normal range of @entity14445 in @entity35 and its modulation by @entity568 and different doses of LPS. Plasma concentration of @entity14445 was found to be variable and dependent on the weight of the @entity35 . Single injections of either LPS or @entity568 had a comparable effect, and continuous perfusions of LPS caused a progressive increase in @entity14445 which peaked at 48 h and declined gradually over 1 week. Following induction of @entity1310 with 10 mg of anti- @entity631 antibody, rats with raised @entity14445 had 14 +/- 3 mg/24 h @entity633 compared with 4 +/- 1 mg/24 h in @entity35 with normal @entity14445 (P < 0.001, Wilcoxon). Injection of 20 mg anti- @entity631 antibody caused 36 +/- 11 mg/24 h @entity633 compared with 16 +/- 4 mg/24 h (P < 0.001), respectively. However, all these @entity35 remained active and none of them died. In contrast, injection of 0.25 microgram LPS before induction of @entity1310 with 10 mg anti- @entity631 antibody, in @entity35 with raised @entity14445 , caused severe @entity633 (115 +/- 23 mg/24 h) compared with @entity35 having normal levels of @entity14445 (72 +/- 15 mg/24 h, P < 0.05). Furthermore, @entity35 with raised @entity14445 also had severe systemic manifestations characterized by @entity548 and extensive @entity8 , and many of them died. These results demonstrate the potential effect of pre-existing @entity4092 and raised APR on severity of @entity8 which may affect the outcome of experimental studies.
