Prenatal diagnosis of abnormal cardinal systemic venous return without other XXXX : a case series.

@entity6480 @entity154 @entity1 @entity4264 @entity1700 @entity74 @entity299 @entity6323
OBJECTIVES: To describe fetal spectrum and echocardiographic characteristics of @entity1700 ( @entity1700 , cardinal veins) without other structural @entity299 (isolated @entity1700 ), evaluate associated extracardiac and @entity74 and review neonatal outcome. METHODS: From 2003 to 2009, 369 consecutive fetuses were diagnosed with @entity299 , including 27 cases with an isolated @entity1700 . The following variables were collected: type of @entity1700 , @entity154 , karyotype and short-term outcome. RESULTS: The most common forms of @entity1700 were persistent @entity4264 ( @entity6480 ) (n = 15) and interrupted @entity6323 ( @entity6323 ) (n = 6). The other @entity1700 types were a persistent left @entity6480 without a right @entity6480 (n = 4), bilateral agenesis of the @entity6480 with cephalic venous drainage toward the @entity6323 through the azygos system (n = 1) and total @entity1700 to the coronary sinus (n = 1). @entity74 were confirmed in five cases, all with a persistent left @entity6480 , with @entity154 present in four of them. Ten other @entity1 had @entity154 detected prenatally or postnatally. When available, @entity1700 diagnosis was confirmed postnatally in all cases. CONCLUSION: Isolated ASVRs can be accurately diagnosed prenatally and are frequently associated with extracardiac and @entity74 . A detailed morphological ultrasound and fetal karyotype should be suggested. Neonatal outcome was mainly related to the associated anomalies.
