Plasma antioxidant depletion after cardiopulmonary bypass in operations for XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1234 @entity4722 @entity299
We describe the use of two in vitro tests to characterize plasma antioxidant capacity at the time of cardiac bypass in operations for @entity299 in 30 @entity1 aged 3 days to 16 years (average 4.4 +/- 0.9 years [standard error]). Bypass and crossclamp time, circuit volume, and type of operation were recorded for each @entity1 . First, a test of plasma radical antioxidant power measured chain breaking (secondary) antioxidant capacity of plasma to prevent oxidation of @entity4722 in vitro. Second, overall ability of plasma to prevent lipid peroxidation was assessed by a classic test of plasma inhibition of @entity1234 formation in a beef brain homogenate. Plasma total radical antioxidant power level at baseline was 0.74 +/- 0.03 mumol/ml plasma, which decreased to 0.15 +/- 0.05 mumol/ml plasma after bypass (p < 0.001) and 0.26 +/- 0.08 mumol/ml plasma with recovery (n = 18, p < 0.001). Analysis of variance of postbypass total radical antioxidant power value showed age (p = 0.0002, r = 0.63) and bypass time (p = 0.009, r = 0.4677) to be significant factors. Pump prime volume in milliliters per kilogram and preoperative hemoglobin value were not significant factors. Beef brain @entity1234 formation in vitro was limited 92% +/- 3% by normal plasma before operation versus 53% +/- 5% after operation (p < 0.001) and 51% +/- 5% at recovery after arrival in the pediatric intensive care unit (p < 0.001). Analysis of variance of the changes from before to after operation showed age p = 0.0015, r = 0.55) and bypass time (p = 0.033, r = 0.39) to be significant factors. Thus antioxidant capacity of plasma is significantly diminished after cardiopulmonary bypass in @entity1 . Young @entity1 age and long duration of cardiopulmonary bypass are identified as factors that correlate positively with depletion of antioxidant capacity with bypass.
