Increased prevalence of XXXX in a hemodialysis population: Longitudinal and case control studies.

@entity1 @entity1712 @entity7774 @entity566 @entity1851
UNASSIGNED: Eosinophilia is commonly found in @entity1 with clinical reactions to the hemodialysis circuit. With modern membranes, such reactions have become less common, but they may be under diagnosed in @entity1 with subtle symptoms, in whom the presence of @entity1712 is an important diagnostic feature. Two case reports are presented, along with a hemodialysis study of the frequency and clinical associations of @entity1712 . In three hemodialysis facilities, all current hemodialysis @entity1 with persistent @entity1712 (greater than 1 * 10(9) /L for 3 months) were identified. Control @entity1 without @entity1712 (less than 0.5 * 10(9) /L for 3 months) matched for age, gender, and ethnicity were identified from the same facilities. A historical cohort of @entity1 , dialyzing at the same facilities 5 years ago, was screened for the presence of persistent @entity1712 . From 510 @entity1 , 24 cases of persistent @entity1712 were identified (4.7%). The median eosinophil count was 1.75 * 10(9) /L (range 1.1-7.5 * 10(9) /L). The prevalence in a historical cohort 5 years previously was significantly less at 1.5% (P   =   0.046). Compared to controls, @entity1 with @entity1712 were more likely to be on an @entity7774 converting enzyme inhibitor (41.7% vs. 12.5%, P   =   0.049), had a lower @entity1851 (10 vs. 24 mg/L, P   =   0.02) and were more likely to be using a fistula for access (P   =   0.049). Over the following 12 months, there was no difference in the mean number of hospital admission days between cases and controls (7.6 vs. 11.5 days, P   =   0.54), and no difference in mortality over 29 months (25.0% vs. 29.2%, P   =   1.00). Eosinophilia remains not uncommon in hemodialysis @entity1 , and in most cases reflects @entity566 to components of the dialysis circuit, which is usually subclinical. The overall prognosis for asymptomatic @entity1 appears to be favourable.
