Optimal @entity1162 formula in @entity7129 for identifying cardiovascular and mortality risk: Findings from the Penn XXXX Free study.

@entity1 @entity4736 @entity712 @entity50 @entity591 @entity453 @entity955 @entity1162 @entity204 @entity7129
BACKGROUND: The QT interval measures cardiac repolarization, and prolongation is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and @entity204 . The exponential Bazett correction formula overestimates the QT interval during @entity591 . OBJECTIVE: We evaluated 4 formulas of @entity1162 in individuals with @entity7129 for the identification of @entity453 , @entity712 , and mortality. METHODS: The Penn @entity955 Free study is a large cohort study of @entity1 without @entity955 . The present study examined 6723 Penn @entity955 Free study @entity1 without a history of @entity712 and with baseline @entity50 rate >= 100 beats/min. Medical records were queried for index clinical parameters, incident cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality. The QT interval was corrected by using Bazett (QT/RR(0.5)), Fridericia (QT/RR(0.33)), Framingham [QT + 0.154 * (1000 - RR)], and Hodges (QT + 105 * (1/ @entity4736 )) formulas. RESULTS: In 6723 @entity1 with a median follow-up of 4.5 years (interquartile range 1.9-6.4 years), the annualized cardiovascular event rate was 2.3% and the annualized mortality rate was 2.2%. QT prolongation was diagnosed in 39% of the cohort using the Bazett formula, 6.2% using the Fridericia formula, 3.7% using the Framingham formula, and 8.7% using the Hodges formula. Only the Hodges formula was an independent risk marker for @entity204 across the range of QT values (highest tertile: hazard ratio 1.26; 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.55). CONCLUSION: Although all correction formulas demonstrated an association between QTc values and cardiovascular events, only the Hodges formula identified one-third of individuals with @entity591 that are at higher risk of all-cause mortality. Furthermore, the Bazett correction formula overestimates the number of @entity1 with a prolonged QT interval and was not associated with mortality. Future work may validate these findings and result in changes to automated algorithms for QT interval assessment.
