Long-term side effects of radiotherapy for XXXX : Results from clinical trials NB90 and NB94.

@entity1 @entity137 @entity5 @entity521 @entity85
INTRODUCTION: @entity521 ( @entity521 ) is the most frequent indication for extracranial pediatric radiotherapy. As long-term survival of high-risk localized @entity521 has greatly improved, we reviewed treatment-related late @entity137 in pediatric @entity1 who received postoperative radiotherapy (RT) for localized @entity521 within two French prospective clinical trials: NB90 and NB94. @entity1 AND METHODS: From 1990-2000, 610 @entity1 were enrolled. Among these, 35 were treated with induction chemotherapy, surgery, and RT. The recommended RT dose was 24  Gy at  <=   2  years, 34  Gy at >   2  years,    a 5  Gy boost in both age groups. RESULTS: The 22 @entity1 still alive after 5  years were analyzed. The median follow-up time was 14  years (range 5-21  years). Late effects after therapy occurred in 73   % of @entity1 (16/22), within the RT field for 50   % (11/22). The most frequent in-field effects were @entity85 (n   =   7) that occurred only with doses >   31  Gy/1.5  Gy fraction (p   =   0.037). Other effects were endocrine in 3  @entity1 and second @entity5 in 2  @entity1 . Four @entity1 presented with multiple in-field late effects only with doses >   31  Gy. CONCLUSION: After a median follow-up of 14  years, late effects with multimodality treatment were frequent. The most frequent effects were @entity85 and the threshold for their occurrence was 31  Gy.
