Evaluation of local and systemic effects after intramuscular implantation of lead shot alternatives in XXXX .

@entity3406 @entity32 @entity1 @entity235 @entity1535 @entity35 @entity3494 @entity68
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the local and systemic effects of IM implantation of lead shot alternatives in @entity35 . ANIMALS: 22 @entity35 . PROCEDURES: Sterile IM implantation of shot metals was performed, with euthanasia and necropsy at 2, 8, 16, and 26 weeks after implantation. Skeletal muscle specimens were examined histologically and kidney specimens were tested for heavy metals. In vivo and in vitro evaluation of corrosion of metals was performed. RESULTS: Corrosion of susceptible metals was greatest at 2 weeks in vivo and in vitro. @entity32 associated with all pellet types was greatest 2 weeks after implantation. @entity3406 -plated steel incited significantly greater inflammation at 2 weeks, compared with @entity1535 alloy. Kidney @entity68 concentration was significantly greater at 26 weeks, compared with other test periods. Local tissue deposition of @entity68 was verified by use of Prussian blue staining for all @entity68 -containing metals. Concentration of @entity3494 in kidneys was significantly greater at 8, 16, and 26 weeks after implantation, compared with 2 weeks. CLINICAL RELEVANCE AND IMPACT FOR @entity1 MEDICINE: @entity1 or @entity235 wounded with @entity3406 -plated steel may require more aggressive initial monitoring than those wounded with other shot types. Monitoring of systemic @entity3494 concentrations may be indicated in @entity1 wounded with shotgun pellets.
