Accelerated age-related decline in renal and vascular function in female XXXX following early life growth restriction.

@entity8 @entity455 @entity66 @entity842 @entity35 @entity24340
UNASSIGNED: Many studies report sexual dimorphism in the fetal programming of @entity66 . We hypothesised that there would be differences in the age-related decline in renal function between male and female intrauterine-growth restricted @entity35 . Early life growth restriction was induced in @entity35 offspring by administering a low protein diet ( @entity24340 ; 8.7% casein) to dams during pregnancy and lactation. Control dams were fed a normal protein diet (NPD; 20% casein). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and renal structure and function were assessed in 32 and 100 week old offspring. Mesenteric artery function was examined at 100 weeks using myography. At 3-days of age body weight was ~24% lower (P<0.0001) in @entity24340 offspring; this difference was still apparent at 32 weeks but not at 100 weeks of age. MAP was not different between the male NPD and @entity24340 groups at either age. However, MAP was greater in @entity24340 females compared to NPD females at 100 weeks of age (~10 mmHg; P<0.001). Glomerular filtration rate declined with age in the NPD male, @entity24340 male and @entity24340 female offspring (~45%, all P<0.05) but not in NPD female offspring. Mesenteric arteries in the aged @entity24340 females had reduced sensitivity to @entity842 donors compared with their NPD counterparts, suggesting that @entity455 may contribute to the increased risk of disease in aged females. In conclusion, females growth-restricted in early life, were no longer protected from an age-related decline in renal and arterial function and this was associated with increased arterial pressure without evidence of @entity8 .
