[Use of XXXX in a closed-circuit. Economic advantages].

@entity1 @entity1009 @entity3369 @entity4490 @entity3810 @entity5161 @entity3575
The present study was designed to assess whether @entity5161 requirement was significantly affected by fresh gas flow in a closed-circuit system. Sixty @entity1 scheduled for orthopaedic procedures were randomly assigned into three groups. In group A (n = 20), anaesthesia was conducted with a fresh gas flow of 482.5 +/- 186.6 ml X @entity1009 , corresponding to the @entity1 's metabolic demand. In group B (n = 20), the fresh gas flow was 2000 ml X @entity1009 . In group C (n = 20), it was adjusted to the ventilation minute, i.e. 7145 +/- 986 ml X @entity1009 . Artificial ventilation was conducted using a tidal volume of 10 ml X kg-1 and a rate of 10 to 12 c X @entity1009 . Anaesthesia was induced after 10 min denitrogenation with @entity3575 (4 micrograms X kg-1), @entity4490 (4 mg X kg-1) and @entity3369 (0.1 mg X kg-1). FIO2 was then brought to 0.5 in @entity3810 and was monitored continuously using a polarographic oxymeter. Liquid @entity5161 was injected in the expiratory limb of the circuit using an electrical syringe driver. Alveolar concentration of @entity5161 was set at 0.92 vol. % according to Lowe and Ernst. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student's test for means. Anaesthesia lasted 138 +/- 88.3 min in group A, 125.5 +/- 45.1 min in group B and 146.5 +/- 50 min in group C, no difference being significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
