@entity1 monocytes and macrophages express NADPH oxidase 5; a potential source of reactive oxygen species in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity33693 @entity5750 @entity469 @entity1856 @entity731
Monocytes (Mon) and Mon-derived macrophages (Mac) orchestrate important oxidative and inflammatory reactions in @entity731 by secreting reactive oxygen species (ROS) due, in large part, to the upregulated NADPH oxidases (Nox). The Nox enzymes have been extensively investigated in @entity1 Mon and Mac. However, the expression and functional significance of the @entity33693 subtypes is not known. We aimed at elucidating whether @entity33693 is expressed in @entity1 Mon and Mac, and examine its potential role in @entity731 . @entity1 monocytic THP-1 cell line and @entity5750 (+) Mon were employed to search for @entity33693 expression. RT-PCR, Western blot, lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence and dihydroethidium assays were utilized to examine @entity33693 in these cells. We found that @entity33693 transcription variants and proteins are constitutively expressed in THP-1 cells and primary @entity5750 (+) Mon. Silencing of @entity33693 protein expression by siRNA reduced the Ca(2+)-dependent Nox activity and the formation of ROS in Mac induced by A23187, a selective Ca(2+) ionophore. Exposure of Mac to increasing concentrations of IFNy (5-100  ng/ml) or oxidized LDL (5-100   g/ml) resulted in a dose-dependent increase in @entity33693 protein expression and elevation in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that @entity33693 is present in @entity469 (+) Mac-rich area within @entity1 carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence that @entity33693 is constitutively expressed in @entity1 Mon. Induction of @entity33693 expression in IFNy- and oxidized LDL-exposed Mac and the presence of @entity33693 in Mac-rich @entity1856 are indicative of the implication of @entity33693 in atherogenesis.
