Total plasma XXXX and cardiovascular risk profile. The Hordaland @entity1255 Study.

@entity1 @entity101 @entity6 @entity301 @entity1255 @entity66 @entity65 @entity165
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relations between established cardiovascular risk factors and total @entity1255 (tHcy) in plasma. DESIGN: Health examination survey by the Norwegian Health Screening Service in 1992 and 1993. SETTING: General community, Hordaland County of Western Norway. @entity1 : A total of 7591 @entity1 and 8585 @entity1 , 40 to 67 years of age, with no history of @entity101 , @entity6 , @entity301 , or @entity66 were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Plasma tHcy level. RESULTS: The level of plasma tHcy was higher in @entity1 than in @entity1 and increased with age. In subjects 40 to 42 years old, geometric means were 10.8 mumol/L for 5918 @entity1 and 9.1 mumol/L for 6348 @entity1 . At age 65 to 67 years, the corresponding tHcy values were 12.3 mumol/L (1386 @entity1 ) and 11.0 mumol/L (1932 @entity1 ). Plasma tHcy level increased markedly with the daily number of cigarettes smoked in all age groups. Its relation to smoking was particularly strong in @entity1 . The combined effect of age, sex, and smoking was striking. Heavy-smoking @entity1 aged 65 to 67 years had a mean tHcy level 4.8 mumol/L higher than never-smoking @entity1 aged 40 to 42 years. Plasma tHcy level also was positively related to total @entity165 level, blood pressure, and heart rate and inversely related to physical activity. The relations were not substantially changed by multivariate adjustment, including intake of vitamin supplements, fruits, and vegetables. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated plasma tHcy level was associated with major components of the cardiovascular risk profile, ie, male sex, old age, smoking, high blood pressure, elevated @entity165 level, and lack of exercise. These findings should influence future studies on the etiology and pathogenesis of @entity65 .
