A retrospective analysis of cerebrospinal fluid drainage volume in XXXX and the need for early or late ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement.

@entity1 @entity1276 @entity510 @entity2553 @entity67 @entity2841
AIM: @entity67 ( @entity67 ) are used to manage acute @entity1276 and facilitate brain relaxation after @entity510 ( @entity510 ). We conducted a retrospective study on the relationship between @entity2841 drainage volume and requirement and timing (early vs. late) for ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement after EVD removal. We also sought to examine what factors were associated with volume of @entity2841 drainage. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of @entity510 @entity1 who had an EVD placed between January 2008 and June 2012 at Massachusetts General Hospital. Clinical and laboratory variables were abstracted from the medical record. RESULTS: Of 97 @entity1 , 19 failed an EVD clamp trial and had an early VPS placed and 10 had their EVD removed but subsequently required late VPS placement. Average @entity2841 drainage volume per day was highest in @entity1 who required early VPS (median of 201cc, interquartile range (IQR) 186---236) compared to those who did not require a VPS (median of 162cc, IQR 131---202) and those who required late VPS (median of 151cc, IQR 121---171) (p=0.002). There was a significant relationship between average @entity2841 drainage volume per day and age (p=0.005) and sonographic @entity2553 (p=0.006). After multivariate analysis, there was a significant relationship between VPS placement/timing and age (p=0.03) and average @entity2841 output/day (p=<0.0001), and a trend towards significance with sonographic @entity2553 (p=0.06). CONCLUSION: High @entity2841 output is associated with early VPS placement. Prospective research on targeted @entity2841 drainage volume is warranted.
