XXXX and transformation of C3H10T1/2 cells induced by areca nut components.

@entity137 @entity2345 @entity5 @entity19 @entity105
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Betel quid (BQ) chewing is popular in Taiwan and many other countries. There are about 200-600 million BQ chewers in the world. BQ chewing is one major risk factor of @entity5 and @entity2345 ( @entity2345 ). While areca nut (AN), a main component of BQ, exhibits genotoxicity, its transformation capacity and its role in the initiation and promotion stages of @entity105 are not fully clear. METHODS: @entity19 C3H10T1/2 cells were exposed to AN extract (ANE) for 24 hours. @entity137 was evaluated by colony forming efficiency. For the transformation assay, C3H10T1/2 cells were exposed to ANE for 24 hours and then incubated in medium with/without 12-O-tetradecanolylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA; a @entity5 promoter) for 42 days. Cells were stained with Giemsa and type II and type III transformed foci were counted for analysis of the transformation capacity of ANE. RESULTS: ANE exhibited @entity137 to C3H10T/12 cells at concentrations higher than 320   g/mL as shown by a decrease in colony numbers. ANE (80-640   g/mL) alone mildly stimulated the transformed foci formation (p  >  0.05). In the presence of TPA, ANE (80-640   g/mL) markedly stimulated the transformed foci formation. The percentage of dishes with foci increased from 0% in controls to 20% in ANE (80   g/mL and 320   g/mL)-treated groups and further increased to 65-94% in ANE plus TPA groups. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that ANE is a weak complete carcinogen. ANE is an effective @entity5 initiator and can induce malignant transformation of C3H10T1/2 cells in the presence of a @entity5 promoter. ANE may be involved in multistep chemical @entity105 by its malignant transformation capacity.
