Identifying the pattern of olfactory deficits in XXXX using the brief smell identification test.

@entity1 @entity717 @entity18683 @entity191
BACKGROUND: Selective olfactory deficits occur in 70% to 90% of @entity1 with @entity191 , independent of disease severity and duration. Olfactory testing may be a useful diagnostic aid for @entity191 , but the types of odors most commonly affected need to be identified. OBJECTIVE: To determine the pattern and types of odors affected in @entity191 by means of the University of Pennsylvania 12-item Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT; Sensonics, Inc, Haddon Heights, NJ). DESIGN: Testing @entity1 with @entity191 and control subjects in 5 @entity717 clinics. @entity1 : Forty-nine nondemented @entity1 with @entity191 and 52 age- and sex-matched controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Normal or abnormal olfactory function was determined in each subject according to predetermined age and sex norms. Predictive statistics and discriminant function analyses were performed to determine the pattern and types of odors best discriminating @entity1 from controls. RESULTS: Abnormal olfactory function was present in 40 (82%) of @entity1 compared with 12 (23%) of controls. The B-SIT score was unaffected by smoking behavior, disease duration, or severity. The sensitivity of the B-SIT for @entity191 was 0.82, with a specificity and predictive value of 0.82 and 0.77, respectively. Only 5 of the 12 B-SIT odors ( @entity18683 , banana, pineapple, smoke, and cinnamon) were required to adequately discriminate @entity1 with @entity191 from controls. CONCLUSIONS: With the use of the B-SIT, 5 specific odors appear primarily affected in @entity1 with @entity191 . Significantly, the ability of @entity1 to detect some odors was unimpaired compared with that of controls. Better diagnostic aids could be developed on the basis of the selective pattern of hyposmia observed in @entity191 .
