COP9 signalosome subunits 4 and 5 regulate multiple pleiotropic pathways in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity958 @entity5 @entity70962 @entity70961 @entity46541 @entity238
The @entity46541 signalosome (CSN) is an essential eight-subunit repressor of light-regulated development in @entity958 . This complex has also been identified in animals, though its developmental role remains obscure. CSN subunits have been implicated in various cellular processes, suggesting a possible role for the CSN as an integrator of multiple signaling pathways. In order to elucidate the function of the CSN in animals, a @entity238 model system has previously been established. Gel-filtration analysis with antibodies against CSN subunits 4, 5 and 7 revealed that these proteins act as a complex in @entity238 that is similar in size to the plant and @entity1 complexes. Null mutations in either one of two subunits, @entity70961 or @entity70962 , are larval lethal. Successful embryogenesis appears to be a consequence of maternal contribution of the complex. Biochemical analysis indicates that the different subunits are found in both CSN-dependent and CSN-independent forms, and that these forms are differentially affected by the mutations. Phenotypic characterization of these two mutants indicates that they show both shared and unique phenotypes, which suggest specific roles for each subunit. Both mutants have defective oocyte and embryo patterning, and defects in response to DNA damage, while @entity70962 mutants develop @entity5 and @entity70961 mutants have phenotypes reminiscent of defects in ecdysone signaling.
