XXXX in both husband and wife in Taiwan.

@entity1 @entity644 @entity8 @entity7298 @entity15157 @entity1606 @entity1986 @entity4144 @entity454
AIM: The incidence and prevalence of @entity454 ( @entity454 ) are extremely high in Taiwan. It is an interesting fact that both the husband and wife in some families of Taiwan suffer from @entity454 . Therefore, we attempted to identify the potential risk factors of such couples. METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study. Six couples receiving maintenance dialysis in our hospital from 1996 to 2006 were enrolled in this study. Detailed medical history; drugs history including @entity7298 ( @entity7298 ), analgesics and herbal remedies; occupational history and onset of @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ) were recorded. These data are correlated with pre-dialysis laboratory findings. The outcomes of dialysis and @entity1606 were also recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Two males were Chinese herbal medicine practitioners. All the @entity1 (12/12) had taken Chinese herbs and most of them (10/12) had also taken @entity7298 (especially cold remedies and analgesics). We found all of them had bilateral contracted kidneys, mild @entity644 and trace @entity15157 . One @entity1 's renal biopsy revealed Chinese herb @entity8 . Four @entity1 (33%) suffered from @entity1606 . Three @entity1 expired during follow up due to @entity4144 , extensive @entity1606 and suicide, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of Chinese herbs or compound analgesics abuse is high in couples with @entity454 . The clinical features and high incidence of @entity1606 are compatible with drug related chronic @entity1986 . Abuse of offending agents should be considered as a risk factor in family members with @entity454 .
