Adjuvant XXXX for reducing @entity204 in neonatal @entity4008 .

@entity1 @entity4008 @entity73 @entity16 @entity245 @entity693 @entity51 @entity619 @entity1274 @entity230 @entity393 @entity204 @entity288
BACKGROUND: @entity4008 remains a significant cause of neonatal and childhood morbidity and mortality in many countries of the world, particularly in developing countries. In some instances, @entity1 recover but remain impaired as a result of @entity16 such as @entity393 , @entity245 and @entity73 . OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of adjunctive @entity288 in reducing @entity204 and @entity16 in neonates with @entity4008 . SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2015, Issue 7), MEDLINE via PubMed (1966 to July 2015), African Index Medicus (up to January 2015), the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) (up to July 2015), EMBASE (up to July 2015) and the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) for ongoing trials. SELECTION CRITERIA: All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs of adjunctive @entity288 for treatment of neonates with @entity4008 . DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed and extracted data on methods, @entity1 , interventions and outcomes (all-cause @entity204 until hospital discharge, presence of @entity1274 at one year and presence of @entity51 or @entity245 at two years, adverse events). Risk ratio (RR), risk difference (RD) and number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) or number needed to treat for an additional harmful outcome (NNTH) were calculated when appropriate. We assessed quality using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool and the GRADE (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system. MAIN RESULTS: We found two trials with 132 @entity1 that met our inclusion criteria. One of the included trials was a quasi-randomised trial.Adjunctive @entity288 reduced the risk of @entity204 (typical RR 0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24 to 0.88; typical RD -0.19, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.04; NNTB = 6; two studies, 132 @entity1 , very low-quality evidence) but did not have a significant effect on the number of @entity1 with @entity1274 at two years (RR 1.80, 95% CI 0.18 to 18.21; RD 0.04, 95% CI -0.12 to 0.21; one study, 38 @entity1 , low-quality evidence). In one trial, @entity619 reduced the likelihood of @entity393 at four to 10 weeks post discharge (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.98; RD -0.25, 95% CI -0.48 to -0.01; one study, 59 @entity1 , low-quality evidence). Data reported on the other outcomes of interest were insufficient. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Very low-quality data from two randomised controlled trials suggest that some reduction in @entity204 and @entity393 may result from use of adjunctive @entity230 alongside standard antibiotic therapy for treatment of @entity1 with @entity693 . Benefit is not yet seen with regards to reduction in @entity16 . Researchers who wish to clarify these findings must conduct more robustly designed trials with greater numbers of @entity1 , evaluating more relevant outcomes and providing adequate follow-up.
