Treatment for extracranial XXXX of the head and neck.

@entity1 @entity1068 @entity2758
CONCLUSIONS: For extracranial @entity2758 of the head and neck (HNAVMs), in which the nidus was accessible via the percutaneous route, @entity1068 sclerotherapy was a feasible and safe first-line treatment, although successful outcomes were obtained for only about half of the subjects. For other HNAVMs, surgical excision with embolization may be the best choice of treatment. OBJECTIVE: To suggest a treatment protocol for @entity1 with HNAVMs by comparing the treatment outcomes and complications of @entity1068 sclerotherapy with those of surgical excision combined with embolization. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty @entity1 who had been diagnosed with HNAVM and treated between 1995 and 2002 were retrospectively reviewed. @entity1068 sclerotherapy, surgical excision and embolization were used as treatments, either alone or in various combinations. The treatment outcomes and complications with the different modalities were analyzed. RESULTS: @entity1068 sclerotherapy was used for 12 cases, with a success rate of 50.0% and a permanent complication rate of 8.3%. Surgical excision combined with embolization was used for 13 @entity1 . Although all @entity1 achieved successful resolution of their HNAVM after surgical excision, 15.4% suffered from permanent complications. In total, 16/20 @entity1 (80.0%) eventually achieved a > or = 75% reduction in the size of their lesions.
