@entity2449 and XXXX stem cells: a novel therapeutic target.

@entity788 @entity263 @entity66 @entity6 @entity0 @entity5 @entity28943 @entity164 @entity4623 @entity694 @entity463 @entity855 @entity2449
UNASSIGNED: @entity263 is the second most frequently diagnosed @entity5 in the world. @entity66 can be effectively treated with radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy. However, advanced @entity263 is more difficult to treat and if metastatic, is incurable. There is a need for more effective therapy for advanced @entity263 . One potential target is the @entity5 stem cell (CSC). CSCs have been described in several solid @entity5 , including @entity263 , and contribute to therapeutic resistance and @entity5 recurrence. @entity2449 , a common oral @entity28943 used to treat @entity164 2 @entity6 , has been demonstrated to have anti-neoplastic effects. Specifically, @entity2449 targets CSCs in @entity0 , @entity788 , @entity463 and @entity694 . @entity2449 acts directly on the mitochondria to inhibit oxidative phosphorylation and reduce mitochondrial @entity855 production. This forces @entity5 cells to compensate by increasing the rate of glycolysis. CSCs rely heavily on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for energy production. The glycolytic switch results in an energy crisis in these cells. @entity2449 could be used to exploit this metabolic weakness in CSCs. This would increase CSC sensitivity to conventional @entity5 therapies, circumventing treatment resistance and enhancing treatment efficacy. This review will explore the characteristics of prostate CSCs, their role in @entity5 propagation and therapeutic resistance and the role of @entity2449 as a potential prostate CSC sensitizer to current anticancer therapies. @entity263 and @entity4623 advance online publication, 28 July 2015; doi:10.1038/pcan.2015.35.
