Treatment of free-flowing XXXX with intrapleural urokinase.

@entity1 @entity456 @entity3254
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity1 with @entity3254 ( @entity3254 ) treated with urokinase suffer less from @entity456 ( @entity456 ) than those treated with simple drainage. However, the role of intrapleural urokinase in free-flowing @entity3254 @entity1 remains unclear. METHODS: A total of 318 @entity1 with presumed @entity3254 were screened. The final 171 @entity1 who participated in the study were randomly allocated to the urokinase group (n = 86) and the control group (n = 85). Personalised doses of urokinase were infused via a catheter. This procedure was repeated every 24 h until the volume of pleural fluid obtained was less than 50 ml after three injections. Changes in lung function and @entity456 were recorded and compared between both groups periodically for 24 weeks. RESULTS: Seven @entity1 (9.1%) had restrictive functional sequelae in the control group, while no @entity1 in the urokinase group suffered from sequelae (P < 0.05). The incidence of @entity456 (   10 mm) was 0 for the urokinase group and 9.1% for the control group (P < 0.05). A lower percentage of @entity1 treated with intrapleural urokinase had blunted costophrenic angle than controls (5.1% vs.19.5%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with free-flowing @entity3254 treated with urokinase suffered less from @entity456 than those treated with drainage.
