Early changes in bioelectrical estimates of body composition in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity8 @entity6 @entity4 @entity73 @entity740 @entity5225 @entity854 @entity3147 @entity1011
The aim of this study was to detect the potential occurrence of early @entity854 in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) at first referral to an outpatient nephrology clinic. Eighty-four @entity1 with @entity740 (49 @entity1 and 35 @entity1 ) were compared with 604 healthy control subjects (298 @entity1 and 306 @entity1 ). Anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were performed in all @entity1 , whereas renal function, laboratory tests for nutritional status, and nutrient intake were assessed in the @entity740 group only. @entity1011 clearance was 27.8 +/- 13.8 and 27.4 +/- 13.0 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) in male and female @entity1 with @entity740 , respectively. No @entity1 showed peripheral @entity4 ; @entity3147 , defined by presence of serum albumin <3.5 g/dl plus body mass index <20 kg/m(2); or protein intake <0.6 g/kg per d. At the BIA, @entity1 with @entity740 showed lower resistance (R) and abnormal mean impedance vectors for the bivariate normal distribution of R/height and reactance/height. Phase angle also was reduced (-22%), especially in @entity1 with @entity6 . When BIA-derived data were considered, total body water was slightly higher (+4.3% in @entity1 ; +3.5% in @entity1 ) and body cell mass was lower (-6.7% in @entity1 ; -7.7% in @entity1 ) in @entity1 with @entity740 . No difference in either BIA parameters or nutritional indexes was observed among various @entity740 stages. Despite the absence of overt @entity3147 , @entity1 with @entity740 exhibit altered BIA variables from the early phases of @entity8 . These alterations are related to the @entity8 , are more marked in the presence of @entity6 , and mainly indicate the presence of @entity5225 in the absence of @entity4 . Therefore, BIA represents an attractive clinical tool to detect @entity73 from the early stages of @entity740 .
