[Role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARS) in the regulation of lipids and XXXX control].

@entity32 @entity5601 @entity731 @entity1813 @entity1718 @entity413 @entity6864
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor family. The hypolipidemic fibrates and the antidiabetic glitazones are synthetic ligands for @entity5601 and @entity6864 , respectively. Furthermore, @entity1718 and @entity1813 are natural @entity5601 ligands. PPARs function as regulators of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and @entity413 homeostasis and influence cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. @entity5601 is highly expressed in tissues such as liver, muscle, kidney and heart, where it stimulates the beta-oxidative degradation of @entity1718 . @entity5601 furthermore mediates the action of the hypolipidemic drugs of the fibrate class on plasma lipoprotein metabolism. @entity6864 is predominantly expressed in intestine and adipose tissue. @entity6864 triggers adipocyte differentiation and promotes lipid storage. In addition, PPARs play a role in @entity32 control. @entity5601 activators inhibit the activation of inflammatory response genes by negatively interfering with the NF-kappa B and AP-1 signalling pathways. @entity5601 activators exert these anti-inflammatory activities in different immunological and vascular wall cell types such as monocyte-macrophages, endothelial, epithelial and smooth muscle cells in which PPARs are expressed. These findings indicate a modulatory role for PPARs in the control of the inflammatory response with potential therapeutic applications in @entity32 -related diseases, such as @entity731 .
