The Ras effectors NORE1A and RASSF1A are frequently inactivated in @entity1911 and XXXX .

@entity1911 @entity5 @entity1661 @entity72735 @entity6764 @entity35
NORE1A ( @entity72735 ) and RASSF1A are newly described Ras effectors with @entity5 suppressor functions. Both molecules are frequently inactivated in various @entity5 . In this study, we aimed to explore the potential involvement of NORE1A and RASSF1A in @entity1911 and @entity1661 tumorigenesis. A panel of 54 primary @entity5 was analysed for NORE1A and RASSF1A mRNA expression by TaqMan quantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, NORE1A and RASSF1A promoter methylation was assessed by combined @entity6764 restriction endonuclease assay and methylation-sensitive Pyrosequencing respectively. The anti-tumorigenic role of NORE1A was functionally investigated in Nore1A-transfected PC12 @entity35 @entity1911 cells by fluorescent inhibition of caspase activity and soft agar assays. Significantly suppressed NORE1A and RASSF1A mRNA levels were detected in primary @entity5 compared with normal adrenal medulla (P<0.001). Methylation of the NORE1A promoter was not observed in primary @entity5 . On the other hand, 9% (5/54) of the primary @entity5 examined showed RASSF1A promoter methylation greater than 20% as detected by Pyrosequencing. Methylation of the RASSF1A promoter was significantly associated with malignant behaviour (P<0.05). Transient expression of Nore1a resulted in enhanced apoptosis and impaired colony formation in soft agar. Our study provides evidence that NORE1A and RASSF1A are frequently suppressed in @entity1911 and @entity1661 . Silencing of NORE1A contributes to the transformed phenotype in these @entity5 .
