[ XXXX with or without coexisting @entity2419 ].

@entity1 @entity2419 @entity3384
Etiopatology of clefts has not been explained yet. It is assumed that the cause of this defect is complex and heterogeneous. Genes which induce the incidence of cleft have not been detected too but clinical observations indicate a familial predisposition. At the Plastic Surgery Clinic of the     dz Medical Academy, on years 1972-2001, 3180 @entity1 with @entity3384 were being treated. The group under examination consisted of 540 @entity1 with positive family histories. Two genetic groups were confirmed and each of them with a different risk of the reoccurrence of the defect. The first group-- @entity3384 , the second group--an isolated @entity2419 . A correlation between the type of cleft and a @entity1 's sex and its cleft affected parent was found. Among @entity1 of mothers with @entity3384 there were 60% of @entity1 and only 15% of @entity1 with the same type of cleft. In mothers with @entity3384 the same type of cleft has been detected in 70% of @entity1 and 18% @entity1 . Similar results were obtained when affected fathers were taken into account. However, in case of mothers and fathers who were affected with isolated @entity2419 there were significantly more @entity1 than @entity1 who had @entity2419 . An in-depth study of cleft inheritance mechanisms will make in the future a more precise prediction of the occurrence of the defect in consecutive generations possible. Perhaps, the chance to work out cleft preventions will emerge and the gathered data will be taken advantage of in genetic counselling.
