LDL oxidation by activated monocytes: characterization of the oxidized LDL and requirement for XXXX ions.

@entity596 @entity8798 @entity6579 @entity9546 @entity4621 @entity12239 @entity5531 @entity224 @entity1098 @entity68
Monocytes can be activated by incubation with opsonized zymosan (Zop), and under these conditions can oxidize low density lipoprotein (LDL). We have characterized the biochemical changes in the lipoprotein after this oxidation. We found that monocyte-oxidized LDL has increased mobility on agarose gels, increased absorbance at 234 nm, increased content of @entity6579 , and fluorescence at 430 nm when excited at 350 nm. All these features were somewhat less pronounced in monocyte-oxidized LDL than in LDL oxidized by 5 micrometer @entity12239 . Under appropriate conditions, Zop-stimulated monocytes oxidized LDL to a form recognized by macrophage scavenger receptors. Monocytes stimulated by Zop produced @entity224 and also oxidized LDL, whereas monocytes stimulated by @entity4621 produced slightly more @entity224 but did not oxidize LDL. We found that the chelators @entity1098 and @entity5531 inhibited LDL oxidation by Zop-stimulated monocytes, implying a requirement for @entity9546 ions. We found that Zop contained approximately 5 nmol @entity68 per mg, probably as @entity596 . Zop stripped of its @entity68 supported @entity224 production by monocytes, but did not support LDL oxidation. Furthermore, @entity8798 appeared in the medium when monocytes were incubated with Zop, but not with @entity68 -stripped Zop. Taken together, these results imply that monocytes stimulated by Zop are able to oxidize LDL only because of contaminating @entity68 in the commercial zymosan preparations. and requirement for @entity9546 ions.
