@entity137 assessment of @entity692 nanoparticles in XXXX liver cell model in vitro.

@entity20821 @entity137 @entity66 @entity692 @entity98 @entity2454 @entity880 @entity35
UNASSIGNED: @entity692 nanoparticles (HAP NPs) are widely used for preparations of biomedical and biotechnological fields such as drug delivery, gene therapy, and molecular imaging. However, the current toxicological knowledge about HAP NPs is relatively limited. The present study was designed to investigate the @entity137 potentials of various concentrations (0-1000   g cm(-2)) of HAP NPs in cultured primary @entity35 hepatocytes. Cell viability was detected by @entity2454 ( @entity98 ) assay and @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH) release, while total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and @entity66 ( @entity66 ) levels were determined to evaluate the oxidative injury. The DNA damage was also analyzed via scoring liver micronuclei rates and determining @entity20821 ( @entity20821 ) levels. The results of @entity98 and LDH assays showed that the higher concentrations of dispersed HAP NPs (300, 500, and 1000   g cm(-2)) decreased cell viability. Also, HAP NPs increased @entity66 (500 and 1000   g cm(-2)) levels and decreased TAC (300, 500, and 1000   g cm(-2)) levels in cultured hepatocytes. On the basis of increasing doses, the NPs as depending on dose caused significant increases of the number of micronucleated hepatocytes and @entity20821 levels as compared to control culture. Furthermore, the highest concentration of HAP NPs (1000   g cm(-2)) exhibited cytotoxic activity. Based on these results, HAP NPs have a dose-dependent toxic effect in @entity35 hepatocytes. Further extensive research in this field is promising and reasonable.
