Differential impacts of duration of untreated @entity716 (DUP) on cognitive function in first-episode XXXX according to mode of onset.

@entity1 @entity221 @entity161 @entity716
BACKGROUND: The mode of onset and the course of @entity161 @entity221 exhibit substantial individual variations. Previous studies have pointed out that the mode of onset affects the duration of untreated @entity716 (DUP) and clinical outcomes, such as cognitive and social functioning. This study attempted to clarify the association between the DUP and clinical features, taking the different modes of onset into consideration, in a prospective longitudinal study examining @entity1 with first-episode @entity161 . METHODS: This study was conducted in six areas of Japan. @entity1 with first-episode @entity161 were followed for over 18 months. Cognitive function, psychopathology, and social functioning were assessed at baseline and at 6, 12, and 18-month follow-up points. RESULTS: We identified 168 @entity1 and sufficient information was available to determine the DUP and the mode of onset for 156 @entity1 (92.9%): 79 had an acute onset, and 77 had an insidious onset. The DUP was significantly associated with quality of life (QOL), social functioning, and cognitive function at most of the follow-up points in the insidious-onset group. The DUP and negative symptoms at baseline were significant predictors of cognitive function at the 18-month follow-up in the insidious-onset group. CONCLUSIONS: The present results further support the hypothesis that the DUP affects QOL, social functioning, and cognitive function over the course of @entity221 , especially in @entity1 with an insidious onset. Effective strategies for detecting and caring for individuals with insidious onset early during the course of @entity161 will be essential for achieving a full @entity1 recovery.
