Exercise training improves baroreflex sensitivity in XXXX 2 @entity6 .

@entity1164 @entity1 @entity64 @entity6 @entity301 @entity1009 @entity4375 @entity2647 @entity164 @entity413
@entity164 2 @entity6 is a strong risk factor for @entity301 and @entity1164 . It is associated with reduced baroreflex sensitivity ( @entity4375 ) and heart rate variability (HRV), which are indicators of increased risk for mortality and morbidity in various @entity1 populations. This study was designed to assess the effects of exercise training on @entity4375 , HRV, and hemodynamics in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Subjects (50 @entity1 , mean age 53.3 +/- 5.1 years) with @entity164 2 @entity6 were randomized into either a control group, in which they received conventional treatment only, or an exercise group, in which they received conventional treatment together with heart rate-controlled endurance training twice a week and supervised muscle strength training twice a week for 12 months. Measurements taken at baseline and follow-up included VO(2max), standard time and frequency domain measures of HRV during 24-h recording, and @entity4375 by the @entity2647 method. Cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance index, @entity64 index, and pulse wave velocity were measured by whole-body impedance cardiography. Significant improvements in VO(2max) (exercise group: +2.3 ml x kg(-1) x @entity1009 ); P < 0.005 vs. control group), muscle strength, and glycemic control (exercise group: HbA(1c) -0.9%; P < 0.001 vs. control group) were observed in the exercise group. @entity4375 increased in the exercise group, from 6.8 to 8.6 ms/mmHg, and decreased in the control group, from 7.5 to 6.4 ms/mmHg (95% CI for the difference between 0.05 and 4.36 ms/mmHg; P < 0.05). No significant changes in the time or frequency domain measures of HRV or in systemic hemodynamics were observed. We concluded that exercise training improves @entity4375 sensitivity in @entity164 2 @entity6 subjects in addition to increasing the exercise capacity and muscle strength and improving @entity413 control. These beneficial effects in reflectory autonomic regulation and @entity413 control caused by exercise may be associated with improved prognosis of @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 .
