Oncological risk of laparoscopic surgery in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity5 @entity190 @entity189 @entity150 @entity3 @entity516
OBJECTIVE: To assess the oncological safety of laparoscopic procedures for the management of @entity189 of the urinary tract. METHODS: Data on laparoscopic management of @entity189 in the literature were analysed using MEDLINE and by matching the following keywords: urological @entity5 , @entity5 , @entity150 , laparoscopic approach, recurrence, follow-up and @entity3 site. RESULTS: Minimally invasive techniques are being used increasingly in the management of these @entity5 and successfully achieving the benefits of lower @entity190 and more rapid @entity1 recovery. To date, no evidence level 1 information is available and published series of these technically challenging cases are small and follow-up limited. Short to medium term follow-up appears encouraging in terms of recurrence and survival rates, but long-term data are immature compared to the established open techniques these procedures seek to duplicate. Specific concerns in terms of the oncologic safety of laparoscopy, especially with regard to the @entity516 , @entity5 manipulation and specimen extraction are addressed. Port-site metastases and @entity5 seeding are rare events and appear to be mainly related to the grade and stage of the @entity5 . Specific precautions are required to minimise these risks. CONCLUSION: Oncological results of the laparoscopic approach are difficult to compare with those of open surgery. However, recent series have not reported @entity5 dissemination or a higher rate of recurrence with this approach. Laparoscopic techniques are not yet standard of care in invasive @entity189 . Long-term assessment is ongoing and awaited.
