Pulmonary sarcoidosis is associated with high-level @entity12448 expression on lung regulatory T cells - possible implications for the XXXX / @entity16725 axis in disease course and resolution.

@entity1 @entity32 @entity697 @entity1198 @entity12448 @entity16725 @entity244 @entity370
UNASSIGNED: @entity370 is a granulomatous @entity32 of unknown etiology. The increased frequency of activated lung CD4+ T cells with a @entity1198 cytokine profile in @entity370 @entity1 is accompanied by a reduced proportion and/or impaired function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Here we evaluated the expression of the inducible co-stimulator ( @entity12448 ) on lung and blood CD4+ T cell subsets in @entity370 @entity1 with different prognosis, by flow cytometry. Samples from the deep airways were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We show that Tregs from the inflamed lung of @entity370 @entity1 were characterized by a unique @entity12448 (high) phenotype. High-level @entity12448 expression was restricted to Tregs from the inflamed lung and was absent in blood Tregs of @entity370 @entity1 as well as in lung and blood Tregs of healthy volunteers. In addition, lung Tregs exhibited increased @entity12448 expression compared to sarcoid-specific lung effector T cells. Strikingly, @entity12448 expression on Tregs was in particularly high in the lungs of @entity244 ( @entity244 ) @entity1 who present with @entity697 which often resolves spontaneously. Moreover, blood monocytes from @entity244 @entity1 revealed increased @entity16725 levels compared to healthy donors. @entity370 was associated with a shift towards a non-classical monocyte phenotype and the @entity16725 (high) phenotype was restricted to this particular monocyte subset. We propose a potential implication of the @entity12448 / @entity16725 immune-regulatory axis in disease activity and resolution and suggest to further evaluate the suitability of @entity12448 as biomarker for the prognosis of @entity370 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
