High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Reduces @entity158 in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity308 @entity676 @entity2531 @entity158 @entity14000 @entity9
OBJECTIVES: @entity14000 ( @entity14000 ) is one of the most intractable @entity2531 , especially in elderly @entity1 . There is evidence that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces @entity9 ; however, its effectiveness for @entity14000 is unknown. This study investigated the efficacy of high-frequency rTMS in @entity1 with @entity14000 . DESIGN: A total of 40 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive 10 sessions of real or sham rTMS of the primary motor cortex. Each stimulation session consisted of a series of 300 five-second pulses with a frequency of 10 Hz and an interval of 3 seconds between each train, giving a total of 1500 pulses per session. The primary outcome was @entity158 intensity measured before stimulation from first intervention (T0) to the final stimulation (T10), @entity676 months after final stimulation (T11 and T12). Other outcomes measured included scores on the short form @entity158 questionnaire, self-rating @entity308 scale, quality of life (QOL), sleep quality, the @entity1 global impression of change, medication regulation, and reported adverse events. RESULTS: The real rTMS group demonstrated greater reduction of visual analogue scale (VAS) than the sham group at each time point except for T0 (P   =   0.399) and T1 (P   =   0.091). Mean VAS reduction in the real rTMS group was 16.89% for duration of disease longer than 6 months. These analgesic effects were associated with long-term improvement in rating-scale items related to QOL. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that rTMS is an effective and safe therapy in @entity1 with @entity14000 .
