Stone composition, metabolic profile and the presence of the gut-inhabiting bacterium Oxalobacter formigenes as risk factors for XXXX formation.

@entity1 @entity5201 @entity1494 @entity3835 @entity5990 @entity1290 @entity460 @entity5200
OBJECTIVE: To examine stone composition, metabolic evaluation and colonization of Oxalobacter formigenes as risk factors for @entity1290 formation. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighty @entity1 with @entity1290 and 70 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Of the 80 @entity1 , 48 were first-time stone formers (FSF) and 32 were 'recurrent' stone formers ( @entity5990 ), recurrent indicating 2 or more episodes of stone formation. Stone analysis by X-ray crystallography, 24-hour urine metabolic profile and detection of O. formigenes-specific DNA by PCR were performed for each @entity1 . Detection of O. formigenes was also performed on 45 and urinary metabolic profile on an additional 25 controls. RESULTS: @entity3835 was the major component of stones, @entity5201 and hypocitraturia were the most common @entity1494 in the 80 @entity1 , 46% of @entity5990 @entity1 had @entity5200 . @entity1494 were far less frequent in the controls, with the exception of hypocitraturia (40%). Of the urinary metabolites, only @entity460 levels were significantly different (p < 0.05) between FSF (6.50 +/- 4.08 mmol/24 h) and @entity5990 (8.21 +/- 5.26 mmol/24 h) @entity1 . Colonization of O. formigenes was higher in controls (62.2%) than in FSF (33.3%) or @entity5990 (28%) @entity1 , it was least in @entity1 with more than 4 episodes (7%) of stone formation. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that lack of colonization of O. formigenes may be an important risk factor for recurrence of stone formation ( @entity3835 ).
