Locomotor response to novelty as a predictor of reactivity to aversive stimuli in the XXXX .

@entity308 @entity1316 @entity148 @entity35 @entity734
In an animal model for vulnerability to @entity734 , animals that exhibit greater motor activity in a novel environment (high responders; HR) are more sensitive to drugs of abuse and are more likely to self-administer these drugs compared to less reactive animals (low responders; LR). In the light of clinical evidence on comorbidity between @entity734 and @entity1316 , we used this model to investigate whether individual differences in locomotor reactivity to novelty are related to @entity148 - and @entity308 -like responsiveness using male @entity35 . Animals were categorized as HR and LR based on motor responses to novelty during a 30-min session. @entity148 -like reactivity was then measured using the elevated plus-maze, the defensive withdrawal test and acoustic startle-induced ultrasonic vocalization test. @entity308 -like reactivity was measured by the forced swim test. HR @entity35 showed less @entity148 -like behavior in the elevated plus-maze and defensive withdrawal tests than LR, but the opposite was true in the acoustic startle-induced vocalization test. In response to a series of loud acoustic stimuli, HR @entity35 were faster to begin vocalizing and did so for a longer duration compared to LR. There were only minor differences between LR and HR @entity35 in the forced swim test. These data suggest that an HR/LR model can be used to study a link between vulnerability to @entity734 and @entity148 -like reactivity. The exact nature of this link depends upon the model of @entity148 used and may reflect the heterogeneous nature of @entity148 -like reactivity in the @entity35 .
