Cold-Induced Vasodilation during Single Digit Immersion in 0  C and 8  C Water in @entity1 and XXXX .

@entity1 @entity158 @entity13519 @entity2223
UNASSIGNED: The present study compared the thermal responses of the finger to 0 and 8  C water immersion, two commonly used temperatures for @entity2223 ( @entity2223 ) research. On two separate and counterbalanced occasions 15 male and 15 female @entity1 immersed their index finger in 20  C water for 5 min followed by either 0 or 8  C water for 30 min. Skin temperature, cardiovascular and perceptual data were recorded. Secondary analyses were performed between sexes and comparing 0.5, 1 and 4  C @entity2223 amplitude thresholds. With a 0.5  C threshold, @entity2223 waves were more prevalent in 8  C (2 (1 - 3) than in 0  C (1.5 (0 - 3)), but the amplitude was lower (4.0    2.3 v 9.2    4.0  C). Mean, minimum and maximum finger temperatures were lower in 0  C during the 30 min immersion, and @entity2223 onset and peak time occurred later in 0  C. Thermal sensation was lower and @entity158 sensation was higher in 0  C. There were no differences between males and females in any of the physiological or @entity2223 data with the exception of @entity13519 , which was higher in males. Females reported feeling higher thermal sensations in 8  C and lower @entity158 sensations in 0  C and 8  C compared to males. Fewer @entity2223 responses were observed when using a 4  C (1 (0 - 3)) threshold to quantify a @entity2223 wave compared to using a 1  C (2 (0 - 3)) or 0.5  C (2 (0 - 3)) amplitude. In conclusion, both 0 and 8   C can elicit @entity2223 but 8  C may be more suitable when looking to optimise the number of @entity2223 waves while minimising @entity1 discomfort. The @entity2223 response to water immersion does not appear to be influenced by sex. Researchers should consider the amplitude threshold that was used to determine a @entity2223 wave when interpreting previous data.
