Brain sites of XXXX : genetic and environmental agents in neurodevelopmental perturbations.

@entity2227 @entity8095 @entity1024 @entity39 @entity349 @entity71 @entity2438 @entity910 @entity2033 @entity191 @entity2845 @entity2915 @entity179 @entity751 @entity302 @entity63047 @entity717
In assessing and assimilating the neurodevelopmental basis of the so-called @entity717 it is probably useful to establish certain concepts that will modulate both the variation and selection of affliction, mechanisms-processes and diversity of disease states. Both genetic, developmental and @entity179 are to be encompassed within such an approach, as well as all deviations from the necessary components of behaviour that are generally understood to incorporate "normal" functioning. In the present treatise, both conditions of @entity2915 /hypoactivity, @entity910 and @entity2845 together with a constellation of other symptoms and @entity751 are considered in conjunction with the neuropharmacological and brain morphological alterations that may or may not accompany them, e.g. following neonatal denervation. As a case in point, the neuroanatomical and neurochemical points of interaction in @entity71 ( @entity71 ) are examined with reference to both the perinatal metallic and organic environment and genetic backgrounds. The role of apoptosis, as opposed to @entity39 , in cell death during brain development necessitates careful considerations of the current explosion of evidence for brain nerve growth factors, neurotrophins and cytokines, and the processes regulating their appearance, release and fate. Some of these processes may possess putative inherited characteristics, like @entity8095 , others may to greater or lesser extents be endogenous or semi-endogenous (in food), like the @entity63047 , others exogenous until inhaled or injested through environmental accident, like heavy metals, e.g. @entity349 . Another central concept of neurodevelopment is cellular plasticity, thereby underlining the essential involvement of @entity2227 systems and @entity1024 receptor configurations. Finally, an essential assimilation of brain development in disease must delineate the relative merits of inherited as opposed to environmental risks not only for the commonly-regarded @entity717 , like @entity191 , @entity2033 and @entity302 , but also for afflictions bearing strong elements of psychosocial tragedy, like @entity71 , @entity2438 and Savantism.
