Abnormal left ventricular torsion and cardiac autonomic dysfunction in subjects with XXXX .

@entity296 @entity6 @entity301 @entity409 @entity51 @entity65
Left ventricular torsion is increased and cardiac energetics are reduced in uncomplicated @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Our aim was to determine the relationships of these abnormalities to @entity65 ( @entity65 ) in subjects with @entity6 . A cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 subjects with @entity6 free of known @entity301 attending an outpatient clinic. @entity65 was assessed using heart rate variability studies and the continuous wavelet transform method. Left ventricular function was determined by speckle tracking echocardiography. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and stress magnetic resonance imaging were used to measure cardiac energetics and myocardial perfusion reserve index, respectively. Twenty subjects (age, 35    8 years; @entity6 duration, 16    9 years; hemoglobin A(1c), 8.0%    1.1%) were recruited. Forty percent of the subjects exhibited definite or borderline @entity65 . Log peak radial strain was significantly increased in subjects with @entity65 compared with those without (1.56    0.06 vs 1.43    0.14, respectively; P = .011). Data were adjusted for log duration of @entity6 , and log left ventricular torsion correlated (r = 0.593, P = .01) with log low-frequency to high-frequency ratio during the Valsalva maneuver. Log isovolumic relaxation time correlated significantly with log Valsalva ratio and log proportion of differences in consecutive RR intervals of normal beats greater than 50 milliseconds during deep breathing. However, @entity65 did not correlate with cardiac energetics or myocardial perfusion reserve index. Spectral analysis of low-frequency to high-frequency ratio power during the Valsalva maneuver is associated with altered left ventricular torsion in subjects with @entity6 . @entity409 is closely associated with @entity51 . @entity65 is not however the principal cause of impaired cardiac energetics. The role of @entity65 in the development of @entity296 warrants further evaluation.
