Neural Progenitor Cells Derived from XXXX Embryonic Stem Cells as an Origin of Dopaminergic Neurons.

@entity1 @entity4853 @entity34846 @entity18203 @entity2033 @entity191 @entity540 @entity179 @entity4851 @entity195 @entity66503 @entity23738 @entity32530
@entity1 embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are able to proliferate in vitro indefinitely without losing their ability to differentiate into multiple cell types upon exposure to appropriate signals. Particularly, the ability of hESCs to differentiate into neuronal subtypes is fundamental to develop cell-based therapies for several @entity179 , such as @entity195 , @entity2033 , and @entity191 . In this study, we differentiated hESCs to dopaminergic neurons via an intermediate stage, neural progenitor cells (NPCs). hESCs were induced to neural progenitor cells by @entity34846 , a small molecule that inhibits BMP signalling. The resulting neural progenitor cells exhibited neural bipolarity with high expression of neural progenitor genes and possessed multipotential differentiation ability. @entity4853 and @entity540 responsiveness of these hES-NP cells suggested their similarity to embryonic neural progenitor cells. A substantial number of dopaminergic neurons were derived from hES-NP cells upon supplementation of @entity23738 and @entity4851 , key dopaminergic neuron inducers. Importantly, multiple markers of midbrain neurons were detected, including @entity18203 , @entity66503 , and @entity32530 , suggesting that hESC-derived dopaminergic neurons attained the midbrain identity. Altogether, this work underscored the generation of neural progenitor cells that retain the properties of embryonic neural progenitor cells. These cells will serve as an unlimited source for the derivation of dopaminergic neurons, which might be applicable for treating @entity1 with @entity191 .
