The burden of disease and injury attributable to XXXX in New Zealanders under 80 years of age: marked disparities by ethnicity and sex.

@entity1 @entity0 @entity167 @entity5 @entity204
AIM: To update and improve estimates of morbidity and mortality due to @entity167 consumption in New Zealand. METHOD: We applied the comparative risk assessment methods of the Global Burden of Disease Study at country level, and separately for Maori and non-Maori where possible. Analysis was restricted to 0-79 year olds. RESULTS: We estimated 5.4% of all @entity204 under 80 years old were attributable to @entity167 in 2007 (802 @entity204 ) and these represented 13,769 years of life lost (YLLs). Injuries accounted for 43%, @entity5 for 30% and other diseases for 27% of @entity204 . We also calculated 351 @entity204 were averted by @entity167 use, but only 3095 YLLs, resulting in a net annual loss of more than 10,000 years of life. Sex and ethnic disparities were marked, with twice as many @entity204 in @entity1 as @entity1 for both Maori and non- Maori, and the age-standardised @entity204 rate for Maori two and a half times the rate for non-Maori. Injury was the biggest cause of @entity167 -related @entity204 and YLLs in the young and overall, but the leading cause of @entity167 -related @entity204 in both Maori and non-Maori @entity1 was @entity0 . We estimated 6.5% of all healthy life lost among 0-79 year olds in 2004 was attributable to @entity167 (28,403 DALYs lost), and 6538 DALYs were prevented. The sex disparity in DALYs lost mirrored the mortality analysis, but no disaggregation by ethnicity was possible. CONCLUSION: @entity167 consumption results in substantial loss of good health across the life course in New Zealand. It makes an important contribution to Maori/non-Maori and male/female health disparities. High average consumption and heavy drinking occasions confer the greatest risk of harm to the drinker and others. At a population level there are no documented health benefits of drinking before middle-age and benefits in later life are increasingly uncertain.
