Deaths from exertional XXXX at the National Zoological Park from 1975 to 1985.

@entity7240 @entity235 @entity4763 @entity281 @entity204 @entity121
A retrospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of @entity204 from exertional @entity121 (EM) in the hoofstock collection at the National Zoological Park (NZP) from 1975 to 1985. The diagnosis of EM was based on history, clinical signs, clinicopathological findings, gross and microscopic lesions. Only bovids, cervids, and equids were included in the study. Data were derived from the medical and pathological records of the NZP. There were 10 cases of EM during this period, but only seven @entity204 were directly attributable to EM. Five @entity204 occurred after immobilization. Two @entity204 occurred after improper transport, but the anesthetic history was not known in these cases. Pathologic changes consistent with EM were incidental findings in an animal killed by @entity235 , and in two animals euthanized because of suspected @entity281 . Only cervids and bovids were affected. There was no age or sex predilection for developing EM and @entity204 occurred throughout the year. Deaths associated with immobilization occurred most often after anesthesia with @entity4763 and @entity7240 . These are the drugs used most frequently in bovid and cervid anesthesia at the NZP. The overall incidence of @entity204 from EM after immobilization was 0.25% for the 10-yr period.
