Malignant hyperthermia and XXXX .

@entity1 @entity3918 @entity221 @entity1372 @entity425 @entity8525 @entity28846 @entity8176 @entity3303 @entity1875 @entity6564 @entity121 @entity912
Advances in physiology and molecular genetics have promoted greater understanding of the various clinical manifestations of @entity121 . For example, @entity8525 or profound @entity425 may be observed in @entity1372 channel disease (e.g., @entity28846 or @entity6564 @entity912 ), depending on the specific channel defect or with slight changes in membrane potential. Observed effects of anesthetic techniques have been essential to elucidating the primary muscular nature of @entity8525 . Commonly used anesthetic medications have potentially lethal (e.g., @entity8176 ) or serious (e.g., @entity3918 ) adverse effects. Conversely, @entity3303 or @entity1875 may have therapeutic benefit for @entity1 with skeletal muscle @entity1372 channel disorders. Additional investigation is required to improve our understanding of how age, gender, or other factors determine the phenotypic expression of malignant @entity221 . Future research holds the promise for more accurate pre-anesthetic identification of @entity1 with heritable @entity121 , especially those who are asymptomatic. Enhanced awareness of multiple organ system involvement in @entity3918 is essential for planning perioperative care. @entity1 with @entity912 require that we know factors that incite or inhibit the development of their attacks. Advances in bench research and detailed clinical studies will further improve our ability to provide optimal care for @entity1 with @entity121 .
