Transient XXXX : regional brain atrophy and its relationship to @entity2414 .

@entity1 @entity1041 @entity2730 @entity1315 @entity194 @entity302 @entity1162 @entity2414
Transient @entity302 ( @entity1041 ) is a recently recognised form of @entity302 of which the principle manifestation is recurrent, transient episodes of isolated @entity2414 . In addition to the @entity2730 episodes, many @entity1 describe significant interictal memory difficulties. Performance on standard neuropsychological tests is often normal. However, two unusual forms of @entity2414 have recently been demonstrated in @entity1041 : (i) @entity1162 ( @entity1162 ): the excessively rapid loss of newly acquired memories over a period of days or weeks and (ii) remote autobiographical @entity2414 : a loss of memories for salient, personally experienced events of the past few decades. The neuroanatomical bases of @entity1041 and its associated @entity2414 are unknown. In this study, we first assessed the relationship between subjective and objective memory performance in 41 @entity1 with @entity1041 . We then analysed MRI data from these @entity1 and 20 matched healthy controls, using manual volumetry and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to correlate regional brain volumes with clinical and neuropsychological data. Subjective memory estimates were unrelated to performance on standard neuropsychological tests but were partially predicted by mood, @entity1162 and remote autobiographical memory. Manual volumetry identified subtle hippocampal volume loss in the @entity1 group. Both manual volumetry and VBM revealed correlations between medial temporal lobe @entity194 and standard anterograde memory scores, but no relation between @entity194 and @entity1162 or remote autobiographical memory. These results add weight to the hypothesis that @entity1041 is a syndrome of mesial @entity1315 . Furthermore, they suggest that although standard anterograde memory test performance is related to the degree of mesial temporal lobe damage, this is not true for @entity1162 and autobiographical @entity2730 . It is possible that these unusual @entity2414 have a more diffuse physiological basis rather than being a consequence of discrete structural damage.
