Use of XXXX in treatment-resistant @entity162 .

@entity1 @entity162 @entity308 @entity353 @entity1092 @entity914 @entity1771 @entity1091 @entity2049
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of @entity1771 as add-on, long-term therapy for treatment-resistant bipolar-spectrum disorders, 34 DSM-IV bipolar-spectrum @entity1 , including @entity162 (n = 28), @entity162 (n = 3), bipolar not otherwise specified (n = 2), and @entity914 @entity162 (n = 1), considered to be resistant to treatment with @entity1091 , @entity2049 , and @entity1092 , received increasing doses of @entity1771 as adjunctive therapy for their @entity162 (n = 17), @entity308 (n = 11), hypomanic (n = 3), or mixed (n = 3) symptoms. Outcome measures included the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity308 (HAM-D), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) for Severity. @entity1 were followed up for 6 months. Twenty-five @entity1 (74%) completed the 6-month follow-up. Nine @entity1 (26%) dropped out early due to lost of follow-up (n = 4), worsening of symptoms (n = 2), side effects (n = 1), hospitalization due to intercurrent illness (n = 1), and noncompliance (n = 1). By intent-to-treat analysis, there was a significant reduction in YMRS, HAM-D, and CGI scores (p < 0.0001 for all measures at the endpoint) after the introduction of @entity1771 . Most therapeutic effects appeared between weeks 2 and 6. Fifty-nine percent of @entity162 @entity1 and 55% of @entity308 @entity1 were considered to be responders to the drug, which was well tolerated; only one @entity1 discontinued due to side effects. The most common side effect was paraesthesia (n = 2). Ten @entity1 experienced moderate @entity353 during the follow-up period. The mean @entity1771 dose at endpoint was 202 +/- 65 mg/day. These preliminary results indicate that adjunctive @entity1771 may be useful in the long-term treatment of @entity162 , even in the most difficult-to-treat @entity1 .
