@entity1 chorionic gonadotrophin regulates @entity540 and other cytokines produced by XXXX endometrial epithelial cells, providing a mechanism for enhancing endometrial receptivity.

@entity1 @entity4382 @entity540 @entity3566 @entity1778 @entity371 @entity1366 @entity2841
BACKGROUND: Preimplantation cross-talk between a functional blastocyst and the endometrium is critical for successful blastocyst implantation. This interaction is mediated in part by endometrial cytokines/growth factors secreted by glandular epithelium into the uterine cavity. Recent evidence suggests that blastocyst-derived @entity3566 may influence the endometrial milieu in conception cycles thereby enhancing receptivity and implantation success. This study investigated the effect of @entity3566 on the secretory profile of a select cohort of 44 cytokines/growth factors from primary @entity1 endometrial epithelial cells (hEECs). These factors included those with both known and unknown roles during receptivity and implantation. The expression of one previously unknown @entity3566 -regulated factor, @entity540 ( @entity540 ), in @entity1 endometrium and its effects on hEEC function were further examined. METHODS: hEECs isolated from endometrial biopsies collected from fertile cycling @entity1 (n = 15) were treated    recombinant @entity3566 (0.2-20 IU/ml) for 48 h and conditioned media was quantitatively analysed using Luminex    multiplex technology. @entity540 was further investigated by immunohistochemistry, western blot and cell-adhesion assays. RESULTS: Of 44 cytokines/growth factors examined, 39 were produced by hEECs with a distinct profile. @entity3566 (2 IU/ml) significantly increased the production of six factors, including those with known roles in receptivity and trophoblast function ( @entity4382 ), blastocyst migration and adhesion ( @entity371 ), blastocyst development ( @entity2841 ) and one unknown with respect to receptivity and implantation ( @entity540 ). Up-regulation of known @entity3566 -regulated proteins, vascular endothelial growth factor and @entity1778 inhibitory factor, validated this study. Immunoreactive epithelial @entity540 increased across the menstrual cycle, being highest in secretory and first trimester pregnancy endometrium in vivo. @entity540 (100 ng/ml) stimulated phosphorylation of @entity1366 in hEEC with no effect on @entity1366 abundance and stimulated hEEC adhesion to fibronectin and collagen IV (components of blastocyst/trophectoderm extracellular matrix). CONCLUSIONS: These findings clearly support roles for @entity3566 and @entity540 in the blastocyst-endometrial cross-talk important for endometrial receptivity and blastocyst implantation.
