In Vivo Consumption of Cranberry Exerts ex Vivo Antiadhesive Activity against FimH-Dominated Uropathogenic XXXX : A Combined in Vivo, ex Vivo, and in Vitro Study of an Extract from Vaccinium macrocarpon.

@entity1 @entity3913 @entity22271 @entity526 @entity16180
UNASSIGNED: For investigation of the molecular interaction of cranberry extract with adhesins of uropathogenic @entity526 (UPEC), urine from four volunteers consuming standardized cranberry extract ( @entity22271 content = 1.24%) was analyzed within ex vivo experiments, indicating time-dependent significant inhibition of 40-50% of bacterial adhesion of UPEC strain NU14 to @entity1 @entity1 bladder cells. Under in vitro conditions a dose-dependent increase in bacterial adhesion was observed with @entity22271 -enriched cranberry Vaccinium macrocarpon extract ( @entity22271 content = 21%). Confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy proved that V.m. extract led to the formation of bacterial clusters on the outer plasma membrane of the host cells without subsequent internalization. This agglomerating activity was not observed when a @entity16180 -depleted extract (V.m. extract(   @entity16180 )) was used, which showed significant inhibition of bacterial adhesion in cases where type 1 fimbriae dominated and @entity3913 -sensitive UPEC strain NU14 was used. V.m. extract(   @entity16180 ) had no inhibitory activity against P- and F1C-fimbriae dominated strain 2980. Quantitative gene expression analysis indicated that @entity16180 -containing as well as @entity16180 -depleted cranberry extracts increased the fimH expression in NU14 as part of a feedback mechanism after blocking FimH. For strain 2980 the @entity16180 -containing extract led to up-regulation of P- and F1C-fimbriae, whereas the @entity16180 -depleted extract had no influence on gene expression. V.m. and V.m. extract(   @entity16180 ) did not influence biofilm and curli formation in UPEC strains NU14 and 2980. These data lead to the conclusion that also @entity22271 -free cranberry extracts exert antiadhesive activity by interaction with @entity3913 -sensitive type 1 fimbriae of UPEC.
