[Poisoning by domestic vipers (Vipera berus and Vipera aspis). A retrospective study of 113 XXXX ].

@entity1 @entity3329 @entity4 @entity294 @entity391 @entity649 @entity113 @entity551 @entity221 @entity110 @entity5900
In a retrospective study, 113 bites which occurred in Switzerland within a 16-year period by either of the two indigenous adders (Vipera berus and Vipera aspis) were analyzed. 13 @entity1 showed no signs of @entity5900 . Out of the other 100, 62 @entity1 had merely minor (local @entity4 only) and 24 moderate @entity5900 ( @entity391 , @entity294 , cramps, @entity551 ), while 24 had severe @entity5900 (shock and @entity113 and lips). No fatalities were recorded. In residents of the endemic area the bites occurred accidentally in 86% of the cases, while tourists were bitten after manipulating the snake in 42%. Specific antivenin was given to 49 of 95 hospitalized @entity1 . In cases of severe @entity5900 (n = 14) a reduction of the median duration of hospitalization from 10 days in patients without antivenin therapy (n = 4) to 5 days in patients with antivenin therapy (n = 10) was obtained. In cases of moderate (n = 21) or minor @entity5900 (n = 49), antivenin therapy did not influence the hospital stay of 4 and 2 days respectively. In the 11 @entity1 with bites not followed by @entity5900 the antivenin treatment increased the duration of hospitalization from 1 day (in 6 patients without antivenin) to 2 days (in 5 patients with antivenin). Side effects of the antivenin treatment, such as @entity110 , @entity113 , @entity649 , @entity221 and @entity3329 were noted in 4 out of 49 @entity1 .
