Time course of chemokines in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum during herpes simplex type 1 XXXX .

@entity1 @entity5737 @entity198 @entity2842 @entity687 @entity10557
Chemokines (chemoattractant cytokines) attract and activate specific leukocyte subsets. With regard to their expression by brain parenchymal cells, they may represent the key molecules that control leukocyte entry into the subarachnoid space. In order to evaluate the contribution of chemokines in vivo, we determined the levels of @entity2842 , @entity10557 , @entity5737 , @entity687 , as well as of the sIL-2R in three @entity1 with proven herpes simplex @entity198 type 1 (HSE-1). CSF samples were drawn by a subarachnoid catheter system throughout the time course of hospitalisation. Results were compared to chemokine levels in serum drawn in parallel. The clinical status was documented by the Modified Barthel Index and correlated with chemokine levels in the CSF. The results were compared with the chemokine levels in the CSF of 17 control @entity1 with normal CSF routine parameters. High chemokine levels were detectable in the CSF of all HSE- @entity1 . @entity2842 peak levels were found at the time of admission, while maximal @entity687 levels occurred 4 to 8 h later. The levels of @entity10557 and @entity5737 were lower than those of @entity2842 with a maximum at the time of admission. In all @entity1 the levels of the sIL-2R increased later in the time course, at 14 to 20 h after admission. When the levels of @entity2842 were compared with the clinical status by Modified Barthel Index, we found a high reciprocal correlation (r=-0.82). Routine CSF parameters, such as leukocytes, albumin and immunoglobulins did not correlate with the clinical status. Chemokine levels in serum were found to be close to the detection limits of the ELISA systems. Our data suggest that chemokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of HSE. They may be useful parameters to monitor the stage and severity of the disease. The late increase of sIL2-R levels may indicate the beginning of the reconstitution phase.
