Visualization of @entity10006 and XXXX amplification in @entity957 .

@entity1 @entity5 @entity957 @entity10008 @entity10006
@entity957 ( @entity957 ) develops along a multistep genetic pathway including loss of @entity5 suppressor genes and alteration of oncogenes. We characterized seven @entity957 cell lines by classical and molecular cytogenetic analysis and fresh @entity5 and adjacent oral mucosa corresponding to three of the cell lines by molecular cytogenetics. We observed homogeneously staining regions (hsrs) in four of the seven cell lines, at 11q13 in three and at 11q23 and in an unidentified marker chromosome in the fourth. Amplification of band 11q13 occurs in 30-60% of head and neck @entity957 . To determine whether @entity10006 and @entity10008 , both located in band 11q13, are amplified in the tissues and cell lines and to confirm the chromosomal location(s) of the amplification, we used dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes for these genes and the chromosome 11 centromere. We report chromosomal localization of @entity10006 / @entity10008 amplification in @entity957 . Coamplification of @entity10006 and @entity10008 was detected in the hsrs in cultured @entity5 cells from the four hsr-containing @entity5 and in directly harvested @entity5 cells, which were available from only two of these @entity5 . Amplification was not present in @entity5 lacking hsrs or adjacent oral mucosa corresponding to any of the seven @entity5 . The observation of amplification in fresh @entity5 cells suggests that the amplification was present in the @entity1 , may play a key role in the development and/or progression of @entity957 , and is not due to karyotypic evolution in vitro. The absence of amplification in the adjacent mucosa suggests that 11q13 amplification is a relatively late event in @entity957 tumorigenesis.
