The effect of water temperature on the GABAergic and reproductive systems in female and male XXXX ( @entity2083 ).

@entity2227 @entity1246 @entity5305 @entity535 @entity2339 @entity2083
This study investigated the effect of water temperature on the synthesis of the @entity535 neurotransmitter @entity1246 ( @entity1246 ). In @entity2083 , @entity1246 stimulates the release of pituitary gonadotropin-II (GTH-II), which regulates gonadal function. Fish were maintained in water of 11, 18, or 24 degrees. In the female and male @entity2083 , @entity1246 synthesis rates estimated following inhibition of @entity1246 catabolism by @entity5305 (GVG) in both the telencephalon (TEL) and the @entity2339 ( @entity2339 ) were increased in fish held at 24 degrees compared to those at either 11 or 18 degrees (P < 0.05). Additionally, @entity1246 synthesis rates in the pituitary increased in a temperature-dependent manner. @entity2227 is the precursor for @entity1246 synthesis; however, no consistent pattern was seen between @entity2227 and @entity1246 synthesis rates, indicating that @entity2227 is not a limiting factor in @entity1246 synthesis. Both water temperature and GVG administration increased serum GTH-II levels in female @entity2083 . However, in male @entity2083 water temperature had no significant effect on serum GTH-II levels, and GVG injection increased serum GTH-II levels only in fish maintained at 24 degrees. The effects of temperature on the levels of mRNA expression of the @entity1246 -synthesizing enzymes @entity2227 decarboxylase 65 (GAD(65)) and GAD(67) were measured by semiquantitative PCR. In the TEL and @entity2339 of female @entity2083 , GAD(65) was not affected, whereas temperature change from 11 to 18 degrees increased (P < 0.05) GAD(67) mRNA levels. These results demonstrate that central GABAergic systems in the @entity2083 are temperature sensitive.
