Immunostimulating agents against @entity778 in senescent XXXX .

@entity778 @entity620 @entity7192 @entity794 @entity17833 @entity281 @entity35 @entity375
This study investigated the nonspecific immunomodulatory effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), muramyl dipeptide ( @entity7192 ) and @entity620 ( @entity620 ) on @entity778 of the respiratory tract in Fischer-344 @entity35 . Groups of young adult (12-16 months old) and aged (24-30 months old) @entity35 were given BCG or @entity7192 intranasally or @entity620 orally 6 weeks and again 3 days before an intranasal challenge with influenza virus A/Bangkok/ @entity17833 (10(6) 50% EID). Titers of hemagglutinin in lung homogenates and the presence of leukocytes in the respiratory tracts served as indices of @entity281 . Lung macrophage functions of animals were determined by measuring random migration and phagocytic @entity375 cell killing in vitro. Clearance of @entity794 from the respiratory tracts of the animals was also measured 4 hours after challenge. - Following BCG treatment, significantly fewer animals developed @entity778 . @entity7192 and @entity620 treatments also reduced the numbers of infected @entity35 but did not differ significantly from the untreated control groups. BCG and @entity7192 treatments significantly reduced the numbers of lung leukocytes in virus infected animals. Mean virus titers in the lung homogenates were significantly lower in all treatment groups by the third day of @entity281 . Following all treatments, duration of @entity778 was significantly shorter in the aged compared to the young adult groups. Lung macrophage functions increased in all treatment groups. The improvement of aged groups over their controls was greater than that of the young adults compared to their controls. BCG had the greatest protective effects in both the young adult and aged animals; @entity7192 and @entity620 , in that order, were less effective.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
