Impairment of the endothelial glycocalyx in XXXX and its prognostic relevance.

@entity1 @entity409 @entity1188 @entity880 @entity13221 @entity583 @entity1455 @entity597
In @entity1455 ( @entity1455 ), pathophysiological changes include @entity409 , vascular leakage, and an increase in platelet and leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium, as well as endothelial activation and dysfunction. The endothelial glycocalyx has been recognized as a central modulator of these processes. Glycosaminoglycan heparan @entity597 is a major component of the glycocalyx of endothelial cells, and @entity13221 ( @entity13221 ) represents the most prevalent proteoglycan. The aim of the current study was to investigate circulating levels of the glycocalyx components in @entity1 with @entity1188 . In 184 @entity1 with @entity1455 complicating @entity583 , blood samples were collected at admission and after one day. Intra-aortic balloon pumping was used in 94 @entity1 (51%). Glycosaminoglycan heparan @entity597 and @entity13221 were measured using standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. All-cause mortality at 30 days was used for outcome assessment. Levels of @entity13221 decreased between days 1 and 2 (339 [interquartile range [QR], 109-852] vs. 220 [IQR, 57-606] ng/mL; P = 0.01). In contrast, glycosaminoglycan heparan @entity597 increased over time (1.9 [IQR, 0.3-6.4] vs. 7.1 [IQR, 3.7-11.7] mg/mL; P < 0.001). Survivors at 30 days had lower admission @entity13221 levels (P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, @entity13221 remained an independent predictor of 30-day mortality (odds ratio per  g/mL, 2.2 [95% confidence interval, 1.30-3.58]; P = 0.003) together with serum @entity880 , age, and ejection fraction. Increased levels of @entity13221 are an independent predictor of short-term mortality in @entity1 with @entity583 and @entity1455 .ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00491036.
