Assessment of nailfold capillaroscopy by x 30 digital epiluminescence (dermoscopy) in XXXX with @entity2407 .

@entity1 @entity17351 @entity75 @entity3928 @entity4 @entity2407 @entity1463 @entity3669 @entity433 @entity792 @entity309 @entity785
BACKGROUND: Dermoscopy is a useful tool for dermatologists to study @entity75 . Its possible usefulness in the assessment of capillary nailfold morphological changes (capillaroscopy) has recently been advocated. OBJECTIVES: To assess the practical utility of digital epiluminescence microscopy as a capillaroscopic instrument in @entity1 with @entity2407 ( @entity2407 ). To compare the sensitivity and specificity rates obtained by epiluminescence microscopy with those previously reported with conventional capillaroscopic devices. METHODS: Fifty-six consecutive @entity1 with primary @entity2407 ( @entity3669 ; n = 5) or secondary @entity2407 (SRP; n = 51) (11 @entity1 and 45 @entity1 in total) were included in the study. A control group of 10 healthy subjects was also evaluated. Twenty-six @entity1 (46%) had @entity785 ( @entity785 ), 12 (21%) presystemic @entity1463 (pre- @entity785 ), one (2%) @entity785 , one (2%) mixed connective tissue disease, two (4%) Sj  gren syndrome, two (4%) an @entity3928 , one (2%) @entity309 and six (11%) other connective tissue diseases. Capillary nailfold changes were studied using a nonportable digital epiluminescence device (magnification x 30). Following a systematized protocol, capillary nailfold morphology, density and distribution were evaluated. Several capillaroscopic patterns were identified (normal, sclerodermic, nonspecific, nondiagnostic) as previously defined. A possible relationship between capillary nailfold changes and the intensity of @entity2407 or the presence of associated @entity792 was assessed. RESULTS: The sclerodermic pattern showed a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 90.9% in @entity785 . A typical capillaroscopic @entity785 pattern was observed in 73% of cases of limited @entity785 and in 82% of cases of diffuse @entity785 . @entity1 with Sj  gren syndrome and @entity785 showed a nonspecific capillaroscopic pattern. All @entity1 with @entity3669 presented a normal capillaroscopic pattern. A normal capillaroscopic pattern was also observed in 11 of 12 @entity1 with pre- @entity785 . In one of two @entity1 presenting severe @entity17351 and in all @entity1 showing hand @entity4 (three of 56), capillaroscopic changes could not be evaluated. Avascular areas correlated significantly with severe @entity2407 (P < 0.002), bone resorption (P < 0.007) and diffuse @entity785 (P < 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: @entity433 seems to be a useful and reliable technique in the evaluation of capillary nailfold morphological changes. This technical variation allows the identification of specific capillaroscopic patterns associated with connective tissue diseases. It also permits us to differentiate @entity3669 from SRP. The results obtained with this technique are similar to those previously reported using standard capillaroscopy devices.
