Effect of heterologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation on midpalatal expansion in XXXX .

@entity1603 @entity9248 @entity9249 @entity9356 @entity35
UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to explore whether bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) transplantation is able to accelerate the bone remodeling induced by midpalatal expansion in @entity35 . A total of 48 male @entity35 (mean weight, 208.36  7.32 g) were divided into control and midpalatal expansion with or without BMMC transplantation groups. Histological and morphological changes were observed in each group. The osteogenic activities and differential potentials of the transplanted BMMCs labeled with @entity1603 in the midpalatal bone tissue were assessed by @entity9356 expression. The @entity9248 ( @entity9248 )/ @entity9249 ( @entity9249 ) ratio was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to reflect the equilibrium between bone resorption and formation. The results demonstrated that the width of the maxillary dental arch increased distinctly within 2 weeks of midpalatal expansion with BMMC transplantation. The morphology of the midpalatal suture in this group changed significantly; the cartilage was completely replaced by fibrous-like tissue expressing @entity9356 . The palatal bone was reorganized from a cancellous form into a mature compact structure after an additional 2-week relapse period. Immunostaining results indicated that the heterologous transplanted BMMCs survived and differentiated into osteoblasts during the remodeling induced by midpalatal expansion. The @entity9248 / @entity9249 expression ratio significantly decreased after 2 weeks of midpalatal expansion with BMMC transplantation due to the inhibition of @entity9248 expression. Heterologous BMMC transplantation appears to accelerate the midpalatal bone remodeling induced by expansion of the @entity35 through increasing the number of osteoprogenitor cells and regulating the @entity9248 - @entity9249 signaling pathway.
