Cavernous sinus exenteration for invasive XXXX .

@entity1 @entity511 @entity242 @entity5 @entity957 @entity693 @entity15265 @entity1653 @entity5173 @entity432 @entity980
OBJECTIVE: Invasive @entity5 involving the cavernous sinus, such as recurrent @entity1653 or @entity242 , raise therapeutic problems that may be resolved by @entity15265 ( @entity15265 ). METHODS: Our series comprises 18 @entity1 (9 @entity1 and 9 @entity1 ranging in age from 14 to 64 yr) who underwent @entity15265 during the past 8 years. The @entity5 in these @entity1 included 12 @entity1653 , 3 @entity511 , 1 @entity980 , 1 lipomyosarcoma, and 1 @entity957 . @entity432 was confirmed in 15 cases by a balloon occlusion test. Three @entity1 had a negative balloon occlusion test, and their internal carotid arteries were preserved (n = 1) or revascularized (n = 2) through an external carotid artery-to-middle cerebral artery bypass. RESULTS: @entity15265 was performed as a primary treatment in 5 @entity1 and after one to five recurrences in 13 @entity1 . In all @entity1 , @entity15265 included the internal carotid artery and Cranial Nerves III, IV, and VI and one to three branches of Cranial Nerve V. Orbital exenteration was performed in eight @entity1 , and partial hypophysectomy was performed in five @entity1 . Ten @entity1 had received radiotherapy before @entity15265 , and five @entity1 underwent irradiation after @entity15265 . The operative mortality includes two @entity1 . @entity5173 was the main complication in four @entity1 , with three @entity1 having @entity693 . Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 5 years, with three deaths from new recurrences at 2, 3, and 4 years after @entity15265 . As compared with their clinical courses before @entity15265 , all @entity1 except the two who died postoperatively benefited from @entity15265 . CONCLUSION: @entity15265 has useful indications in invasive and rapidly growing @entity5 , including apparently @entity1653 . A better understanding of the biological behavior of these @entity5 is necessary for appropriate selection of @entity1 for @entity15265 .
