Influence of high-intensity training and of dietetic and anthropometric factors on XXXX in ballet dancers.

@entity1 @entity2588 @entity1866 @entity2589 @entity1642
Background. Intensity of exercise and low energy consumption, specific type and amount of training, early age at initiation, previous @entity1866 , low body mass index (BMI) or percentage body fat, pathological feeding habits and @entity1642 have been suggested as potential factors accountable for @entity1866 in female athletes.Aim. To evaluate the influence of intensive training and of dietetic and anthropometric factors on menstrual cycles in female ballet dancers.Method. A case-control study, in which a structured interview and physical examination were carried out in two groups of teenagers aged between 12 and 18 years. The study included a total of 115 adolescent @entity1 distributed in two groups: dancers (group B, n = 38) and @entity1 of the same age not engaged in any sports activity (group C, n = 77).Results. Early starting high-intensity training delayed the onset of menarche ( p < 0.001). Dancers had a higher prevalence of @entity2589 and @entity2588 than control @entity1 ( p = 0.004). Additionally, the dancers had lower scores in anthropometric variables: breast circumference 80 cm vs. 86.6 cm for controls ( p = 0.0001), low weight in 18% of dancers vs. 2.6% of controls ( p = 0.0001), and low height in 18% of dancers vs. 9% of controls ( p = 0.016). In addition, in dancers, low BMI was observed in 21% compared with 13% of controls ( p = 0.0001). Finally, 32% of the dancers were on a weight-control diet while this percentage decreased to 12% for the @entity1 in control group (odds ratio = 3.49, 95% confidence interval = 1.31-9.25).Conclusions. In ballet dancers, high-intensity training was associated with late onset of menarche, @entity1866 , lower weight and height development, and abnormal feeding behaviors.
