Differential contributions of ribosomal protein genes to XXXX leaf development.

@entity66 @entity958 @entity6266 @entity1887 @entity6267 @entity245 @entity73209
In @entity958 , mutations in genes encoding ribosomal proteins (r-proteins) perturb various developmental processes. Whether these perturbations are caused by @entity1887 or partial dysfunction of the ribosome caused by deficiency of a particular ribosomal protein is not known. To distinguish these possibilities, a comparative study using several r-protein mutants was required. Here, we identified mutations in 11 r-protein genes from previously isolated denticulata and pointed-leaves mutants. Most of these mutations were associated with pointed leaves, with reduced growth due to a decrease in the number or size of palisade mesophyll and pavement cells. In addition, leaf abaxialization was usually observed when these r-protein mutations were combined with asymmetric leaves1 ( @entity6266 ) and @entity6267 mutations. These results suggest that the establishment of leaf polarity is highly sensitive to ribosome functionality in general. However, several r-protein mutants showed a preference towards a specific @entity245 . For example, rpl4d mutations did not affect cell proliferation but caused strong abaxialization of leaves in the @entity6266 and @entity6267 backgrounds. On the other hand, rps28b enhanced leaf abaxialization of @entity6267 to a weaker extent than expected on the basis of its negative effect on cell proliferation. In addition, hypomorphic @entity73209 alleles had the strongest effects on most of the phenotypes examined. These findings suggest that deficiencies in these three r-protein genes lead to production of dysfunctional ribosomes. Depending on their structural @entity66 may affect translation of specific transcripts involved in the regulation of some leaf developmental processes.
