Anticardiolipin antibodies and risk of @entity385 and transient XXXX attack: the Framingham cohort and offspring study.

@entity1 @entity1851 @entity64 @entity6 @entity63 @entity4905 @entity65 @entity165 @entity385
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The role of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCLs) as novel risk factors for @entity385 and transient @entity63 attacks (TIAs) has been a matter of debate. Prior cohort studies included only selected subjects, mostly @entity1 . We related serum concentrations of aCLs to incident first @entity385 / @entity4905 among @entity1 and @entity1 in the Framingham Heart Study cohort and offspring. METHODS: There were a total of 2712 @entity1 (mean age, 59.3 years) and 2262 @entity1 (mean age, 58.3 years) free of @entity64 / @entity4905 at the time of their baseline examinations. An enzyme immunoassay was used to measure aCLs. Optical density of the sample serum compared with the reference serum was defined as the aCL screening ratio (aCL SR). Analyses were based on sex-specific aCL SR quartiles and individual ratios. RESULTS: During the 11-year follow-up, 222 @entity385 /TIAs occurred. In multivariate analysis, after adjustment for age, prior @entity65 , systolic blood pressure, @entity6 , smoking, @entity1851 , and total and high-density lipoprotein @entity165 levels, an aCL SR of >0.4 (78% of sample) was significantly associated with an increased risk of @entity385 / @entity4905 for @entity1 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3 to 5.4; absolute risk, 3.2%, 95% CI, 2.2 to 4.3) but not in @entity1 (HR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.7 to 2.4; absolute risk, 4.5%; 95% CI, 3.0 to 6.0). Similar results were obtained when the higher 3 aCL SR quartiles were compared with the lowest. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated serum concentrations of aCLs, independently of other cardiovascular risk factors, significantly predict the risk of future @entity385 and @entity4905 in @entity1 but not in @entity1 .
