Atypical miRNA expression in temporal cortex associated with dysregulation of immune, cell cycle, and other pathways in XXXX .

@entity14066 @entity146 @entity73 @entity2438 @entity9630 @entity72 @entity71355
BACKGROUND: @entity72 ( @entity72 ) likely involve dysregulation of multiple genes related to brain function and development. Abnormalities in individual regulatory small non-coding RNA (sncRNA), including microRNA (miRNA), could have profound effects upon multiple functional pathways. We assessed whether a brain region associated with @entity73 in @entity2438 , the superior temporal sulcus (STS), would evidence greater transcriptional dysregulation of sncRNA than adjacent, yet functionally distinct, primary auditory cortex (PAC). METHODS: We measured sncRNA expression levels in 34 samples of postmortem brain from STS and PAC to find differentially expressed sncRNA in @entity2438 compared with control cases. For differentially expressed miRNA, we further analyzed their predicted mRNA targets and carried out functional over-representation analysis of KEGG pathways to examine their functional significance and to compare our findings to reported alterations in @entity2438 gene expression. RESULTS: Two mature miRNAs (miR-4753-5p and @entity9630 ) were differentially expressed in @entity2438 relative to control in STS and four (miR-664-3p, miR-4709-3p, miR-4742-3p, and @entity71355 ) in PAC. In both regions, miRNA were functionally related to various nervous system, cell cycle, and canonical signaling pathways, including PI3K-Akt signaling, previously implicated in @entity2438 . Immune pathways were only disrupted in STS. @entity14066 and pre-miRNA were also differentially expressed in @entity2438 brain. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in sncRNA may underlie dysregulation of molecular pathways implicated in @entity2438 . sncRNA transcriptional abnormalities in @entity2438 were apparent in STS and in PAC, a brain region not directly associated with core @entity146 . Disruption of miRNA in immune pathways, frequently implicated in @entity2438 , was unique to STS.
