Protective effect of @entity71620 against UVB  -induced pro  -inflammatory cytokine production in XXXX keratinocytes.

@entity1 @entity650 @entity32 @entity71620 @entity1435 @entity1489 @entity2733 @entity35189 @entity272 @entity2247 @entity687 @entity3840
UNASSIGNED: @entity1 skin is the first line of defense for the protection of the internal organs of the body from different stimuli. Ultraviolet  B  (UVB), one of the harmful radiations for skin, is widely known to induce abnormally increased cytokine release from keratinocytes leading to inflammatory @entity272 . @entity650 and @entity687 induce an acute  -phase response and stimulate leukocyte infiltration in the skin. Previous studies have shown that chronic exposure to UVB radiation increases @entity3840  ( @entity2247 ) expression through various cell signaling pathways, resulting in @entity1489 . Recent studies have shown that the activation of extracellular signal  -regulated kinase  (ERK), c  -Jun @entity2733  -terminal kinase  (JNK), and @entity1435 MAPK is strongly correlated with @entity32 and development of @entity1489 caused by an increased expression of @entity2247 . @entity71620  (IXA) is an active constituent of Ixeris dentata of the Compositae  (Asteraceae) family. The effect of IXA on @entity32 has yet to be elucidated. To determine the anti  -inflammatory effects of IXA, we examined its effect on UVB  -induced pro  -inflammatory cytokine production in @entity1 keratinocytes  (HaCaT cells) by observing these cells in the presence or absence of IXA. In this study, pro  -inflammatory cytokine production was determined by enzyme  -linked immunosorbent assay  (ELISA), reverse transcription  -polymerase chain reaction  (rt  -pcr), and western blot analysis to evaluate the activation of mitogen  -activated protein kinases  (MAPKs). IXA inhibited UVB  -induced production of the pro  -inflammatory cytokines @entity650 and @entity687 in a dose  -dependent manner. Moreover, IXA inhibited the expression of @entity2247 , ERK, JNK, and @entity1435 MAPKs, indicating that the secretion of the pro  -inflammatory cytokines @entity35189 , and @entity2247 expression was inhibited by blocking MAPK phosphorylation. These results indicated that IXA potentially protects against UVB  -induced @entity32 .
