Vascular risk factors, cerebrovascular reactivity, and the XXXX network.

@entity1 @entity101 @entity6 @entity2299 @entity75 @entity26 @entity195 @entity15131 @entity1556
UNASSIGNED: Cumulating evidence from epidemiologic studies implicates cardiovascular health and cerebrovascular function in several @entity75 in late life. We examined vascular risk factors with respect to a cerebrovascular measure of brain functioning in subjects in mid-life, which could represent a marker of brain changes in later life. Breath-hold functional MRI (fMRI) was performed in 541 @entity1 and @entity1 (mean age 50.4years) from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Brain MRI sub-study. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) was quantified as percentage change in blood- @entity26 level dependent (BOLD) signal in activated voxels, which was mapped to a common brain template and log-transformed. Mean CVR was calculated for anatomic regions underlying the @entity15131 ( @entity15131 ) - a network implicated in @entity195 and other @entity75 - in addition to areas considered to be relatively spared in the disease (e.g. occipital lobe), which were utilized as reference regions. Mean CVR was significantly reduced in the posterior cingulate/precuneus (b=-0.063, 95% CI: -0.106, -0.020), anterior cingulate (b=-0.055, 95% CI: -0.101, -0.010), and medial frontal lobe (b=-0.050, 95% CI: -0.092, -0.008) relative to mean CVR in the occipital lobe, after adjustment for age, sex, race, education, and smoking status, in subjects with pre- @entity101 / @entity101 compared to normotensive subjects. By contrast, mean CVR was lower, but not significantly, in the inferior parietal lobe (b=-0.024, 95% CI: -0.062, 0.014) and the hippocampus (b=-0.006, 95% CI: -0.062, 0.050) relative to mean CVR in the occipital lobe. Similar results were observed in subjects with @entity6 and @entity2299 compared to those without these conditions, though the differences were non-significant. Reduced CVR may represent diminished vascular functionality for the @entity15131 for individuals with @entity1556 / @entity101 in mid-life, and may serve as a preclinical marker for @entity75 in later life.
