XXXX treated by implant removal and dermis fat graft.

@entity1 @entity5 @entity726 @entity158 @entity1118
AIMS: To report the outcome of orbital implant removal and dermis fat graft (DFG) implantation in @entity1 with chronic @entity158 ( @entity158 ), in whom all detectable causes of @entity158 had been ruled out and medical management had failed. METHODS: Retrospective, multicentre case series. A review of all cases undergoing orbital implant replacement with DFG between 2007 and 2013 was conducted at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics (UIHC), USA, and St. Erik Eye Hospital, Sweden. Inclusion criteria included (1) chronic @entity158 >2   years and unresponsive to treatment, (2) absence of pathological or structural cause for @entity158 established by socket examination and orbital imaging, and (3) minimum 12-month post-surgical follow-up. RESULTS: Six cases with chronic @entity158 were identified, four were post-enucleation and two were eviscerated at an average age of 45   years. The incidence of chronic @entity158 among enucleations at UIHC over a 6-year period was 0.7%. Indications for enucleation and evisceration included @entity5 and @entity726 . Intractable @entity158 had been present for an average of 11   years and persisted despite medical management. All @entity1 were free of @entity158 within 3   months of implant removal and DFG placement and remained @entity158 free at an average 24   months following surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Orbital implant replacement with DFG was effective at relieving chronic @entity158 , and @entity158 resolution was sustained in all cases. This surgical intervention may be a useful management option for @entity1 in whom all detectable causes of @entity1118 have been excluded and have failed medical @entity158 management.
