PET in the assessment of therapy response in XXXX with @entity135 and of the esophagus.

@entity1 @entity135 @entity419 @entity5 @entity418
In @entity1 with @entity135 and of the esophagus, metabolic and functional imaging by PET with @entity419 has a pivotal role in the evaluation of @entity5 response to therapy, specifically, in the prediction of progression-free survival and overall survival. Metabolic imaging allows the detection of biochemical changes within @entity5 cells as opposed to identifiable morphologic changes. Anatomic imaging modalities do not reliably differentiate between responders and nonresponders early during the course of follow-up. The correlation between histopathologic @entity5 response after preoperative therapy and clinical prognosis is well established for many @entity5 . Squamous @entity135 and @entity418 demonstrate avid @entity419 uptake. For these @entity5 , @entity419 PET parallels histopathologic findings in its ability to detect residual viable @entity5 ; therefore, it is a valuable tool for the noninvasive assessment of histopathologic @entity5 response in advanced-stage cases after neoadjuvant therapy before surgery. Early determination of nonresponders is of prime importance, as timely therapy modification can be accomplished for @entity1 who do not demonstrate a response to therapy. This determination is exceptionally important for @entity135 and esophageal @entity5 , both of which are known for their unfavorable prognosis, as early modifications in therapy regimens for nonresponders may improve @entity1 outcome. There is now evidence that @entity419 PET is a sensitive and specific method for determining therapy response and for providing important prognostic information for these @entity5 . Therefore, @entity419 PET may change @entity1 management and lead to improved survival for a selected group of @entity1 with @entity135 and of the esophagus.
