A prospective analysis of cognitive function and anticardiolipin antibodies in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity73 @entity1252
OBJECTIVE: To prospectively analyze the association between changes in cognitive function and circulating anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) over a period of 5 years in @entity1 with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). METHODS: Cognitive function was assessed in 51 unselected female @entity1252 @entity1 at baseline and after a mean followup of 64.5 months (range 52-71 months), using standardized tests of cognitive function, i.e., the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, and the California Verbal Learning Test. Circulating IgG, IgA, and IgM aCL and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on 4-7 occasions over the same time period. Persistent antibody reactivity was defined as levels more than 2 standard deviations (moderately positive) and more than 5 standard deviations (highly positive) above the mean for normal controls over the duration of the study. Changes in overall cognitive performance and in raw scores on individual cognitive tests were compared in @entity1 who were persistently positive or negative for aCL. RESULTS: At baseline 11 @entity1 (22%) were cognitively impaired, compared with 7 (14%) at followup. Between 16% and 37% of @entity1 had persistently elevated aCL levels of different isotypes. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of overall @entity73 in @entity1 who were persistently positive for aCL compared with those who were not. In contrast, over the period of study, @entity1 who had persistent IgG aCL positivity had a reduction in psychomotor speed, and @entity1 who had persistent IgA aCL positivity had a reduction in conceptual reasoning and executive ability. Similar associations with anti-dsDNA antibodies were not found. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that IgG and IgA aCL may be responsible for long-term subtle deterioration in cognitive function in @entity1 with @entity1252 .
