Blue-violet light emitting diode (LED) irradiation immediately controls socket XXXX following tooth extraction: clinical and electron microscopic observations.

@entity548 @entity1579
OBJECTIVE: Bleeding control is a major concern during dental surgery. A novel photocoagulation method using an irradiating blue-violet light emitting diode (LED) was investigated. BACKGROUND: Some dental light-curving units can emit blue-violet wavelengths around 380-515   nm with two peaks (410   nm and 470   nm). These wavelengths can cover the maximum absorption spectra of hemoglobin (430   nm). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blue-violet LED 380-515   nm, 750   mW/cm(2), 10   sec (7.5   J/cm(2)) was used. Irradiation was performed for 10   sec or an additional 10   sec for 10 cases of tooth extraction at a distance of 1   cm from the socket. Bleeding was stopped by conventional roll pressure in another five cases as a control. Bleeding time for both procedures was measured. A Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis. In vitro @entity1579 ( @entity1579 ) studies were performed to clarify the mechanism of hemostasis by blue-violet LED irradiation. RESULTS: Irradiation with the blue-violet LED yielded immediate hemostasis of the socket. Five cases showed coagulation within the first 10   sec, and another five cases required an additional 10   sec to fully control the @entity548 . In contrast, the conventional method required 2-5   min (median 180   sec) to obtain hemostasis. The difference between the time required to stop the @entity548 in the two methods was found to be statistically significant (p   =   0.0014). A week later, the LED-irradiated sockets were healed uneventfully with epithelial covering. @entity1579 showed the formation of a thin amorphous layer and an adjacent agglutination of platelets and other cellular elements under the layer at the interface of the irradiated blood. CONCLUSION: Blue-violet LED irradiation of @entity548 sockets caused immediate clot formation and hemostasis. This procedure was safe and reliable and showed no adverse effects.
