Ultradian, circadian and circannual rhythms of blood XXXX and injected insulins documented in six self-controlled adult diabetics.

@entity1 @entity2690 @entity413
The aim of the study was to document during one to two years individual rhythmic patterns in blood @entity413 and injected @entity2690 in self-controlled @entity2690 dependent (C-peptide negative) diabetics with home blood @entity413 monitoring. Two females and four males with diurnal activity from 0700 to 2300 self-determined their blood @entity413 three to six times a day over a period of 12-27 months. Circadian and ultradian rhythms were analysed for each subject on a monthly basis to document annual rhythms. Blood @entity413 (BG) estimated circadian acrophases were located between 2200 and 0300 for all @entity1 and months with few exceptions. A correlation was found between circadian mesors and amplitudes of BG in four subjects. Annual changes in BG were validated for each subject with large interindividual differences in peak times. The individual mean of injected @entity2690 (II) varied from 40 to 80 iU with annual changes validated for each subject. A group pattern was observed with a peak time either in the autumn (four @entity1 ) or in the summer (two @entity1 ). A circadian rhythm of II was detected in almost all monthly means and for all @entity1 . Locations of computed peak time phi of II exhibited a great stability for a given individual but large interindividual differences. Thus the rather constant phi location of BG for all subjects contrasted with interindividual differences in phi locations of II. These results suggest that rhythmic changes in BG and II should be recognized when forming a realistic strategy for timing and dosing time(s) of @entity2690 .
