[ XXXX . Diagnosis, etiology and treatment].

@entity1 @entity174 @entity1494 @entity1661 @entity397 @entity158
The majority of @entity1494 (80-90%) are caused by major blunt @entity1661 . Penetrating injuries account for the rest. @entity1494 is seen most often in @entity1 with @entity174 . More seldom, the @entity397 can be caused by energetic blunt @entity1661 . The @entity397 can either be intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal. The symptoms are macroscopic haematuria, @entity158 and, in some @entity1 , an inability to avoid. Retrograde cystography is the diagnostic procedure of choice. An intravenous infusion pyelogram does not provide adequate examination of the bladder. The @entity397 is treated by operative closure and drainage by catheter. @entity397 may be treated with only catheter drainage and close clinical evaluation. We describe two @entity1 with intraperitoneal @entity1494 after low energetic @entity1661 .
