Improved quality of life after treatment of prolonged XXXX during breath holding spells with a cardiac pacemaker.

@entity1 @entity16 @entity909 @entity1167 @entity1168
OBJECTIVES: To validate the physical and psychological effectiveness of cardiac pacing in pediatric @entity1 with breath-holding spells (BHS) and prolonged @entity1167 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records and clinical data of all the @entity1 with BHS who presented to our center in the period of 2001-2013 were reviewed. All @entity1 who received cardiac pacemaker implantation for prolonged @entity1167 during BHS were included. In addition, the parents were asked to fill out a standardized quality of life (QOL) questionnaire. RESULTS: Seven @entity1 were identified. The mean onset of symptoms was 7 month (1-12 months) of age, documented @entity1167 was 12-21 seconds, and a permanent cardiac pacemaker device was implanted at a mean age of 23 months (8 months-3.9 years). No pacemaker related adverse events were recorded. Follow up showed immediate resolution from spells in four cases (4/7). Two @entity1 (2/7) showed significant reduction of frequency and severity of spells, with complete elimination of @entity909 ( @entity909 ). One @entity1 (1/7) with an additional @entity16 continued to have minor pallid BHS and eventually switched from pallid to cyanotic spells without further detection of @entity1168 or @entity1167 in holter examination. QOL questionnaire revealed significant reduction in subjective stress levels of @entity1 (P = 0.012) and parents (P = 0.007) after pacemaker implantation. CONCLUSION: Cardiac pacing using appropriate pacemaker settings seems effective in the prevention of @entity909 and reduction of the frequency of BHS. Our results imply a reduction of subjective stress levels of @entity1 and parents as well as an increased quality of everyday life. After all, randomized controlled trials of the influence of cardiac pacemaker implantation on subjective stress levels in @entity1 with BHS are needed.
