Differentiated tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells embedded in Matrigel restore parathyroid cell functions in XXXX with parathyroidectomy.

@entity1 @entity18760 @entity622 @entity4045 @entity79 @entity261 @entity9356 @entity460 @entity35 @entity4727
UNASSIGNED: Parathyroid cells release @entity4727 ( @entity4727 ), which controls @entity460 homeostasis. Loss of parathyroid cells results in @entity261 and consequent low-turnover @entity79 . Here, we investigated whether our recently-established @entity1 tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSC) restore in  vivo parathyroid cell function in @entity35 with parathyroidectomy (PTX). Compared with undifferentiated control TMSC, TMSC differentiated with @entity18760 and soluble sonic hedgehog induced a significant release of @entity4727 as early as day 7, with increased @entity4727 release occurring in response to lower @entity460 levels and vice versa. Released @entity4727 increased @entity9356 expression and @entity622 red S staining in preosteoblastic cells, indicating its functional activity. PTX @entity35 fed @entity460 -free diet only survived for    10 days. Subcutaneous injection with TMSC alone did not increase their survival rates, regardless of differentiation. However, survival rates increased for up to 28 days in response to TMSC embedded in Matrigel (TMSC-MA), showing 40% and 80% in control and differentiated TMSC-MA, respectively. When compared with continuous increases by control TMSC-MA, stable levels of secreted @entity4727 and serum ionized @entity460 were found in @entity4045 @entity35 with differentiated TMSC-MA. This is the first report that differentiated TMSC resemble parathyroid cells and, if embedded in Matrigel, restore in  vivo parathyroid function.
