Surgical Treatment of V-pattern XXXX .

@entity1 @entity2168 @entity3466 @entity121 @entity528
PURPOSE: Strabismus affects as many as 60% to 70% of @entity1 with @entity2168 . V-pattern strabismus is common and is thought to be secondary to severe oblique @entity121 . The complex motility disorders produced by abnormal extraocular muscles in this syndrome can be difficult to manage. Few studies have reported findings regarding the extraocular muscles or how to plan and adapt the required surgery for this condition. METHODS: The surgical management and outcomes of four @entity1 with @entity2168 who had undergone craniofacial reconstruction surgery were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: All @entity1 showed significant improvement in the primary eye position, but had residual ocular motility dysfunction postoperatively, especially relating to the up gaze position. During surgery it was noted that the lateral rectus muscle or superior oblique tendons were @entity3466 in one of the four @entity1 . In two of the @entity1 , there was an absence of both inferior rectus muscles. The extraocular muscles were examined pathologically and revealed evidence of tendon capsule and mild @entity528 . CONCLUSIONS: Strabismus in @entity2168 is complex and the absence of certain extraocular muscles is unpredictable. It is not possible to perform strabismus surgery according to a defined surgical plan; one needs to adapt according to the @entity1 's individual anatomy. Also, the strabismus is difficult to completely correct. However, improving ocular motility in the most functional fields of gaze will benefit the quality of life for both @entity1 and their families. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2015;52(5):299-304.].
