Airways colonizations in @entity1 undergoing XXXX surgery.

@entity1 @entity55 @entity5 @entity649 @entity2 @entity260 @entity281 @entity358 @entity1576 @entity204
@entity2 remains the main leading @entity5 -related cause of @entity204 in the world. For early-stage @entity5 , surgery stands out as the best curative option offering the greatest chance for cure. Despite improvement of per- and postoperative management, surgery continues to carry a high morbidity with a significant mortality. Among @entity260 , @entity1576 ( @entity55 and @entity649 ) are currently the most frequent and serious, as well as being the primary cause of @entity204 , after a lung resection for @entity5 . Because infectious etiologies have been highly incriminated in the development of these @entity358 , microbial airways colonizations (AWCs) are supposed to be an essential first step in the pathogenesis of these failures occurring in hospitalized and chronically ill individuals. These @entity1 fulfill all the predisposing factors to bronchial colonizations and are particularly exposed to the development of @entity1576 in the postoperative setting, when secretion clearance and cough reflex are impaired. Under immunosuppressive conditions, AWC should act in a manner that increases its ability to stimulate microorganisms and increase the risks of superimposed @entity281 . Few studies have addressed the problem of AWCs in @entity1 submitted for @entity2 surgery. Because of several limitations, especially the lack of exhaustive microbiological studies, the conclusions that can be reached remain inconclusive. This review aims to report the existing literature on this critical and controversial issue, focusing on their specific incidence, their predisposing factors, their correlation with development of @entity1576 , and, in turn, the reliability of the current antibiotic prophylaxis for their prevention.
