Efficacy and safety of intrathecal XXXX as a sole anesthetic agent for lower limb surgeries.

@entity1 @entity12586 @entity1337 @entity1341 @entity616
CONTEXT: The administration of opioids intrathecally as a sole anesthetic has proven to be effective in providing adequate surgical anesthesia without much hemodynamic instability. AIM: This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of intrathecal @entity12586 as a sole anesthetic drug in @entity1 undergoing lower limb surgeries. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: It was a randomized single blinded study conducted in 60 @entity1 undergoing lower limb surgeries. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The @entity1 were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 @entity1 in each group. Group A received 2 ml (60 mg) intrathecal @entity12586 and Group B received 2 ml intrathecal 0.5% @entity1341 heavy before surgery. Duration of surgery, onset of sensory, and motor blockade and their duration, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and time for first rescue @entity1337 were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Group B showed a statistically significant earlier onset of sensory (2.54    0.87 vs. 3.66    1.10 min) and motor blocks (2.22    0.77 vs. 3.29    1.06 min). The majority of @entity1 in the group A (30%) attained the highest level of sensory block of T11, whereas the majority in group B (33.3%) attained the highest level of sensory block of T8. Majority in the Group A (60%) showed a motor block of Bromage scale Grade III at the beginning of surgery, whereas the majority in Group B (80%) showed a motor block of Bromage scale Grade IV. @entity616 was significantly prolonged in group B (124.33    14.84 vs. 115.60    18.39 min). However, duration of motor blockade was similar in both groups. Group B @entity1 required first @entity1337 earlier than Group A (5.24    1.98 h vs. 2.48    0.51 h) which was significant. There was no difference between groups with regard to HR intra-operatively. On comparison of the pre-induction MAP between 2 groups, there was no difference. But later on at 1, 3, 5 min intervals, the MAP was less in group B. But at 10 and 15 min there was no significant difference between groups. The significantly reduced MAP in group B was evident again at 30, 45, and 60 min. There was no difference between groups at 90 and 120 min. Group B required first @entity1337 earlier than group A which was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Because of adequate surgical anesthesia, intraoperative hemodynamic stability and prolonged post-operative @entity1337 , we recommend the use of intrathecal @entity12586 as a sole anesthetic agent for lower limb surgeries.
