Improvement of HepG2/ XXXX cell functions in a microfluidic biochip.

@entity6912 @entity1262 @entity137 @entity1160 @entity39 @entity4187 @entity858 @entity4913 @entity4417 @entity36963 @entity7737 @entity16549 @entity13768 @entity22642 @entity413
Current developments in tissue engineering and microtechnology fields allow the use of microfluidic biochip as microtools for in vitro investigations. In the present study, we describe the behavior of HepG2/ @entity4417 cells cultivated in a @entity13768 ( @entity16549 ) microfluidic biochip coupled to a perfusion system. Cell culture in the microfluidic biochip for 96 h including 72 h of perfusion provoked a 24 h delay in cell growth compared to plate cultures. Inside the microfluidic biochip, few apoptosis, and @entity39 were detected along the culture and 3D cell organization was observed. Regarding the hepatic metabolism, @entity413 and @entity1160 consumptions as well as albumin synthesis were maintained. A transcriptomic analysis performed at 96 h of culture using Affymetrix GeneChip demonstrated that 1,025 genes with a fold change above 1.8 were statistically differentially expressed in the microfluidic biochip cultures compared to plate cultures. Among those genes, phase I enzymes involved in the xenobiotic's metabolism such as the cytochromes P450 (CYP) 1A1/2, 2B6, 3A4, 3A5, and 3A7 were up-regulated. The @entity4187 /2 up-regulation was associated with the appearance of @entity4187 /2's activity evidenced by using EROD biotransformation assay. Several phase II enzymes such as sulfotransferases ( @entity4913 and @entity36963 ), @entity858 -glucuronyltransferase ( @entity6912 , @entity22642 ) and phase III transporters (such as @entity1262 , @entity7737 ) were also up-regulated. In conclusion, microfluidic biochip could and provide an important insight to exploring the xenobiotic's metabolism. Altogether, these results suggest that this kind of biochip could be considered as a new pertinent tool for predicting cell @entity137 and clearance of xenobiotics in vitro.
