Distinct immunologic and radiographic patterns in etanercept-induced XXXX .

@entity1 @entity404 @entity3794 @entity651 @entity1200 @entity358 @entity56 @entity405
Nonspecific clinical presentation of non-infectious, immune-mediated pulmonary complications of etanercept therapy makes the diagnosis difficult. While bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell analysis is frequently used in diagnosing drug-induced @entity358 , BALF patterns in etanercept-induced @entity651 (EILI) are not well established. Furthermore, previous reports of EILI diagnosis relied on transbronchial or surgical lung biopsies. Here, we report two @entity1 who developed @entity358 after etanercept treatment. Both @entity1 were diagnosed with EILI. While one @entity1 presented with @entity404 (+)-predominant @entity3794 (consistent with a sarcoid-like pattern), the other @entity1 exhibited a @entity405 (+)-predominant pattern (consistent with @entity56 ). The different BAL patterns were accompanied by distinct radiographic findings. Both @entity1 significantly improved after etanercept discontinuation and corticosteroid initiation. We propose that EILI can present with distinct immunologic and radiographic phenotypes. In addition, early BALF analysis with lymphocyte immunophenotyping can further define the underlying @entity1200 , and thereby, avoid more invasive procedures.
