Patterns of late @entity2287 enhancement in XXXX carriers.

@entity1 @entity296 @entity409 @entity1555 @entity2287
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to assess whether cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in @entity1555 carriers (DMDc) may index any cell milieu elements of @entity409 and whether this cardiac phenotype may be related to genotype. The null hypothesis was that @entity296 , assessed by late @entity2287 enhancement (LGE), might be similarly accounted for in DMDc and gender and age-matched controls. METHODS: Thirty DMDc @entity1 had CMR and genotyping with 37 gender and age-matched controls. Systolic and diastolic LV function was assessed by 2D-echocardiography. RESULTS: Absolute and percent LGE were higher in muscular symptomatic (sym) than asymptomatic (asy) DMDc (1.77        0.27 vs 0.76        0.17  ml; F =   19.6, p <   0.0001 and 1.86        0.26% vs 0.68        0.17%, F =   22.1, p <   0.0001, respectively). There was no correlation between LGE and age. LGE was seen most frequently in segments 5 and 6; segment 5 was involved in all asy-DMDc. Subepicardial LGE predominated, compared to the mid-myocardial one (11 out of 14 DMDc). LGE was absent in the subendocardium. No correlations were seen between genotyping (type of mutation, gene region and protein domain), confined to the exon's study, and cardiac phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: A typical myocardial LGE-pattern location (LV segments 5 and 6) was a common finding in DMDc. LGE was more frequently subepicardial plus midmyocardial in sym-DMDc, with normal LV systolic and diastolic function. No genotype-phenothype correlation was found.
