A controlled clinical trial of 3- and 5-month regimens in the treatment of sputum-positive XXXX in South India. Tuberculosis Research Centre, Madras, and National Tuberculosis Institute, Bangalore.

@entity1 @entity5585 @entity1087 @entity3639 @entity3109 @entity1215 @entity4841 @entity1907
A controlled comparison of 3 short-course regimens was undertaken in @entity1 with newly diagnosed, sputum-positive, @entity1907 in South India. The regimens were: R3: @entity1215 plus @entity3639 plus @entity3109 plus @entity5585 daily for 3 months; 5: the same as regimen R3 followed by @entity3639 plus @entity3109 plus @entity5585 twice weekly for 2 months; Z5: the same as regimen R5 but without @entity1215 . The distributions of various pretreatment characteristics were similar in the 3 series. At the end of treatment, 6 @entity1 (3 R3, 3 Z5) of 694 (228 R3, 230 R5, 236 Z5) with drug-sensitive organisms initially were classified as having an unfavorable response. By 24 months (21 months of follow-up for the R3 regimen and 19 months for the R5 and Z5 regimens), a bacteriologic relapse requiring treatment occurred in 20% of 200 R3, 4% of 187 R5, and 13% of 199 Z5 @entity1 , the difference between the R3 and R5 series being highly significant (p = 0.00001). Considering @entity1 with cultures initially resistant to @entity3109 , 4 of 57 in the R3 and R5 series combined had an unfavorable response to treatment compared with 13 of 26 in the Z5 series (p less than 0.0001). Of the 4 @entity1 with an unfavorable response in the R3 and R5 series combined, resistance to @entity1215 emerged in 2. Complaints of @entity4841 were made by 45% of the R3 and R5 @entity1 combined and 70% of the Z5 @entity1 (p less than 0.00001). However, chemotherapy was modified in only 5 and 12%, respectively. @entity1087 occurred in 7% of the R3 and R5 @entity1 and 1% of the Z5 @entity1 (p less than 0.00001).
