Cement Leakage in Percutaneous Vertebral Augmentation for XXXX : Analysis of Risk Factors.

@entity1 @entity3604 @entity1513 @entity3814 @entity79
STUDY DESIGN: The risk factors for cement leakage were retrospectively reviewed in 192 @entity1 who underwent percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA). OBJECTIVE: To discuss the factors related to the cement leakage in PVA procedure for the treatment of @entity3814 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: PVA is widely applied for the treatment of @entity3604 . Cement leakage is a major complication of this procedure. The risk factors for cement leakage were controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of 192 @entity1 who underwent PVA was conducted. The following data were recorded: age, sex, bone density, number of fractured vertebrae before surgery, number of treated vertebrae, severity of the treated vertebrae, operative approach, volume of injected bone cement, preoperative vertebral compression ratio, preoperative @entity1513 , intraosseous clefts, preoperative @entity79 , and ratio and type of cement leakage. To study the correlation between each factor and cement leakage ratio, bivariate regression analysis was employed to perform univariate analysis, whereas multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to perform multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The study included 192 @entity1 (282 treated vertebrae), and cement leakage occurred in 100 vertebrae (35.46%). The vertebrae with preoperative cortical bone defects generally exhibited higher cement leakage ratio, and the leakage is typically type C. Vertebrae with intact cortical bones before the procedure tend to experience type S leakage. Univariate analysis showed that @entity1 age, bone density, number of fractured vertebrae before surgery, and vertebral cortical bone were associated with cement leakage ratio (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the main factors influencing bone cement leakage are bone density and @entity79 , with standardized partial regression coefficients of -0.085 and 0.144, respectively. CONCLUSION: High bone density and @entity79 are independent risk factors associated with bone cement leakage.
