Porosity dependency of an optimized stent design for an XXXX .

@entity439 @entity438
BACKGROUND: Optimal design of stents for a @entity438 is desired for efficient flow reduction in the @entity439 . OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to optimize stent design at several porosities, estimate the influence of stent design on @entity439 flow, and evaluate the ability of stents to reduce flow. METHODS: Stent models were constructed as sets of squares or rectangles in the necks of a two-dimensional (2D) and realistic @entity439 . Then, automated optimization was performed using a combination of simulated annealing and lattice Boltzmann flow simulation. RESULTS: By simulated annealing, stents were gradually modified to reduce the average velocity in an @entity439 . As a result of optimization, stents of all porosities demonstrated an inhomogeneous distribution with dense struts in the inflow area. Flow reduction was increased compared with the initial stent. Under the condition of high porosity, flow reduction by the stent drastically increased as porosity decreased. Under low porosity, the increase of velocity reduction was moderate even as porosity decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Optimization can enhance flow reduction by stents. However, the increase in reduction associated with decreasing porosity is moderate under lower-porosity conditions. This threshold may help in the choice of stent porosity for each specific @entity439 .
