Radiotherapy-related arterial intima thickening and plaque formation in childhood XXXX survivors detected with very-high resolution ultrasound during young adulthood.

@entity5 @entity412 @entity348 @entity521 @entity121 @entity413 @entity165
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate arterial morphology and function in a national cohort of long-term survivors of high-risk @entity521 ( @entity521 ) treated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with or without @entity348 ( @entity348 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: Common carotid, femoral, brachial, and radial artery morphology were assessed with very-high-resolution vascular ultrasound (25-55 MHz), and carotid artery stiffness and brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation measured with conventional vascular ultrasound in 19 adult or pubertal (age 22.7    4.9 years, range 16-30) @entity521 survivors transplanted during 1984-1999 at the mean age of 2.5    1.0 years. Results were compared with 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The cardiovascular risk assessment included history, body mass index, fasting plasma lipids, @entity413 , and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP). The survivors had consistently smaller arterial lumens, increased carotid @entity121 ( @entity121 ), plaque formation (N = 3), and stiffness, as well as increased radial artery intima thickness (N = 5) compared with the control group. Survivors displayed higher plasma @entity412 and @entity165 levels, and increased heart rate, as well as increased systolic and diastolic BPs. @entity348 (N = 10) and a low body surface area were independent predictors for decreased arterial lumen size and increased @entity121 . Three out of five survivors with subclinical intima thickening had arterial plaques. Plaques occurred only among @entity348 -treated survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term childhood @entity5 survivors treated with @entity348 during early childhood display significant signs of premature arterial aging during young adulthood.
