Utilization of nanotechnology to enhance percutaneous absorption of XXXX in the treatment of @entity1800 .

@entity1033 @entity1 @entity4744 @entity2771 @entity3073 @entity1800 @entity37977 @entity35 @entity9266
This study aimed to formulate an optimized @entity1033 ( @entity3073 ) nanoemulsion hydrogel in order to provide a solution for the slow, variable, and incomplete oral drug absorption in @entity1 suffering from @entity1800 . Solubility of @entity3073 in different oils, surfactants, and cosurfactants was explored utilizing a cubic model mixture design to obtain a nanoemulsion with minimum globule size. Preparation of an optimized @entity3073 nanoemulsion hydrogel using a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken statistical design was conducted. The molecular weight of chitosan (X1), percentage of chitosan (X2), and percentage of @entity4744 as a skin permeation enhancer (X3) were selected to study their effects on hydrogel spreadability (Y1) and percent @entity3073 permeated through @entity35 skin after 2.5 hours (Y2). A pharmacokinetic study of the optimized @entity3073 nanoemulsion hydrogel was conducted in @entity35 . Mixtures of clove oil and castor oil (3:1 ratio), @entity9266 and @entity37977 (3:1 ratio), and @entity2771 and Myo-6V (3:1 ratio) were selected as the oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant phases, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that the molecular weight of chitosan has a significant antagonistic effect on spreadability, but has no significant effect on the percent @entity3073 permeated. The percentage of chitosan also has a significant antagonistic effect on the spreadability and percent @entity3073 permeated. On the other hand, the percentage of @entity4744 has a significant synergistic effect on percent @entity3073 permeated, with no effect on spreadability. The ex vivo study demonstrated that the optimized @entity3073 nanoemulsion hydrogel showed a twofold and 1.5-fold higher permeation percentage than the control gel and marketed cream, respectively. The relative bioavailability of the optimized @entity3073 nanoemulsion hydrogel improved to 535.2% and 244.6% with respect to the raw @entity3073 hydrogel and marketed cream, respectively, confirming improvement of the relative bioavailability of @entity3073 in the formulated nanoemulsion hydrogel.
