Autoantibodies against ganglioside GM3 are associated with XXXX developing after Pandemrix vaccination against 2009 pandemic H1N1 type influenza virus.

@entity1 @entity778 @entity2725 @entity20577 @entity3098 @entity16 @entity2724 @entity281 @entity2339 @entity5011 @entity4163 @entity25
UNASSIGNED: Following the mass vaccinations against pandemic @entity778 in 2009, a sudden increase in juvenile onset @entity2724 with @entity2725 (NC) was detected in several European countries where AS03-adjuvanted Pandemrix vaccine had been used. NC is a chronic @entity16 characterized by excessive @entity25 and @entity2725 . In @entity1 NC, the hypocretin-producing neurons in the @entity2339 or the hypocretin signaling pathway are destroyed by an autoimmune reaction. Both genetic (e.g. @entity3098 *0602) and environmental risk factors (e.g. Pandemrix) contribute to the disease development, but the underlying and the mediating immunological mechanisms are largely unknown. Influenza virus hemagglutinin is known to bind gangliosides, which serve as host cell virus receptors. Anti- @entity4163 antibodies have previously been linked to various @entity16 , like the @entity5011 which may develop after @entity281 or vaccination. Because of these links we screened sera of NC @entity1 and controls for IgG anti- @entity4163 antibodies against 11 @entity1 brain gangliosides (GM1, GM2, GM3, GM4, GD1a, GD1b, GD2, @entity20577 , GT1a, GT1b, GQ1b) and a sulfatide by using a line blot assay. Samples from 173 @entity1 and adolescents were analyzed: 48 with Pandemrix-associated NC, 20 with NC without Pandemrix association, 57 Pandemrix-vaccinated and 48 unvaccinated healthy @entity1 . We found that @entity1 with Pandemrix-associated NC had more frequently (14.6%) anti-GM3 antibodies than vaccinated healthy controls (3.5%) (P = 0.047). Anti-GM3 antibodies were significantly associated with @entity3098 *0602 (P  =  0.016) both in vaccinated NC @entity1 and controls. In general, anti- @entity4163 antibodies were more frequent in vaccinated (18.1%) than in unvaccinated (7.3%) individuals (P  =  0.035). Our data suggest that autoimmunity against GM3 is a feature of Pandemrix-associated NC and that autoantibodies against gangliosides were induced by Pandemrix vaccination.
