Systemic neuropeptide levels as predictive indicators for lethal outcome in @entity1 with XXXX .

@entity1 @entity295 @entity10132 @entity86 @entity4757
OBJECTIVES: To document changes in serum levels of the vasoactive and immunoregulatory neuropeptides, @entity10132 ( @entity10132 ) and @entity4757 , in @entity1 @entity86 and to determine whether levels correlate with outcome. DESIGN: Prospective, descriptive cohort study with no interventions. SETTING: Surgical intensive care unit and clinical research center. @entity1 : The study included 61 @entity1 with @entity295 after major visceral surgery (survivors, n = 37; nonsurvivors, n = 24) and 23 control @entity1 without @entity295 . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Serum levels of @entity10132 and @entity4757 were measured by specific enzyme-linked immunoassays over the course of @entity295 . @entity86 was associated with a significant increase in @entity10132 serum levels. Systemic @entity10132 levels were significantly higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors as early as day 1 of @entity295 and remained significantly elevated in nonsurvivors throughout the entire course of @entity295 . @entity4757 levels were also elevated in @entity295 @entity1 as compared with controls, but significant differences between survivors and nonsurvivors were only observed during the final phase of @entity295 . CONCLUSIONS: High systemic @entity10132 levels were associated with lethal outcome already at the onset of @entity295 , whereas high @entity4757 levels were identified as late predictive indicators of lethal outcome. These results are consistent with the view that the neuropeptides, @entity10132 and @entity4757 , may be involved in the pathogenesis of @entity295 .
