Sleepiness in XXXX : a controlled study.

@entity1 @entity191 @entity2837 @entity717 @entity25
@entity25 while driving have been reported in @entity191 ( @entity191 ) @entity1 , and termed @entity25 because they were reported to be irresistible and to occur without warning. We postulate that these episodes are due to excessive @entity25 secondary to the high frequency of @entity25 in @entity191 @entity1 and the sedative effects of dopaminergic medications. We assessed the frequency and relationship between excess @entity25 and @entity25 while driving (SE) in @entity1 with @entity191 . We evaluated 101 consecutive @entity191 @entity1 presenting to the @entity717 Center at the Mount Sinai School of @entity2837 using a questionnaire that incorporated a subjective estimate of @entity25 , the @entity25 ( @entity25 ) and information on disease severity and dopaminergic medications. One hundred age-matched respondents without @entity191 served as a control population. Excess @entity25 was reported in 76% of @entity191 @entity1 compared to 47% of controls (P < 0.05). The mean @entity25 scores for @entity191 @entity1 was 9.1 +/- 6.1 versus 5.7 +/- 4.4 in controls (P < 0.001). @entity25 scores > or =10 were observed in 40.6% of @entity191 @entity1 compared to 19% of controls (P < 0.01) and 24% of @entity191 @entity1 had scores > or =15, compared to 5% of controls (P < 0.001). Sleep episodes while driving were experienced by 20.8% of @entity191 drivers compared to 6% of control drivers (P < 0.05). The mean daily levodopa (L-dopa) dose equivalent was 1,142 +/- 858 mg in @entity191 drivers who experienced a SE while driving compared to 626 +/- 667 mg in those who had not (P < 0.05). Similarly, @entity25 was significantly greater in drivers with a SE than in those without (11.6 +/- 6.4 vs. 8.4 +/- 4.1; P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that @entity25 and mean daily L-dopa dose equivalents were predictors of @entity25 while driving, whereas age, gender, disease severity, and individual dopaminergic agents were not. These findings support the notion that @entity25 while driving in @entity191 @entity1 are related to excess @entity25 and dopaminergic load. Physicians should advise and treat @entity1 accordingly.
