Regional variation and challenges in estimating the incidence of XXXX .

@entity1 @entity2968 @entity3478 @entity5 @entity2967 @entity421 @entity85
BACKGROUND: Estimating the incidence of @entity2968 is challenging because few population-based @entity5 registries record benign bone @entity5 . We compared two approaches, the indirect (relative index) estimation approach used in The Burden of @entity85 in the United States (BMUS) and a direct incidence rate approach (from registries that @entity2967 ), to estimate @entity2967 incidence in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the U.K., Sweden, Australia, Canada, Japan, and the U.S. METHODS: @entity2967 of bone incidence was calculated with use of the BMUS relative index of @entity2967 to @entity421 in three scenarios (low, base case, and high) from case series. We compared the BMUS approach with the latest data from @entity5 registries in Australia (1972 to 1996), Japan (2006 to 2008), and Sweden (1993 to 2011) that @entity2967 . United Nations population estimates were used to project results to 2013. RESULTS: The low scenario in the BMUS approach reflects data from Unni and Inwards; the incidence of @entity2968 is 0.34 relative to @entity421 . As the incidence of @entity421 is 31.4% of the total incidence of @entity3478 , the incidence of @entity2967 is 0.11 times that of all @entity3478 . The base scenario reflects the series by Mirra et al., with a @entity2967 incidence of 0.47 relative to @entity421 (0.15 to all @entity3478 ). The high scenario reflects the series by Ward, with an incidence of 0.84 relative to @entity421 (0.26 to all @entity3478 ). Differences among the three series reflect referral to a national center of excellence compared with referral to a local oncology practice. Registry data indicated a @entity2967 incidence rate per million per year of 1.33 in Australia, 1.03 in Japan, and 1.11 in Sweden in 2013. The estimated incidence rate per million in the ten countries in 2013 ranged from 1.03 (Japan) to 1.17 (Canada) with use of the registry-based approach and from 0.73 (Japan) for the low scenario) to 2.20 (Germany) for the base case with use of the BMUS approach. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2967 of bone affects approximately one @entity1 per million per year in the ten countries studied. Estimates derived with use of age-specific incidences from @entity5 registries were typically within the range of the low and base case BMUS scenarios. We recommend the registry-derived method for estimating the incidence of @entity2967 .
