XXXX channel blockers in @entity712 .

@entity1 @entity308 @entity712 @entity7236 @entity296 @entity19346 @entity10202 @entity384 @entity946 @entity3360 @entity10129 @entity3591 @entity460 @entity453
A considerable effort has been made in the last 15 years to evaluate the safety and efficacy of @entity460 channel blockers (CCBs) in the treatment of @entity1 with chronic @entity712 ( @entity712 ). Available studies have provided strong evidence for a potential detrimental effect of the first-generation calcium antagonists in @entity1 with @entity712 , indicating the need for great caution when these drugs are used in @entity1 with significant @entity308 of left ventricular systolic function. A number of second-generation CCB have demonstrated a strong vasodilatory effect and favorable hemodynamic action but failed to show a similar improvement in exercise capacity, morbidity and mortality. Moreover, drugs such as @entity3360 and @entity10129 have resulted in a detrimental effect in some @entity1 and, therefore, cannot be considered safe when used in @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity712 . Available information from the V-HeFT III study demonstrate a lack of an unfavorable effect of @entity10202 on exercise tolerance in @entity1 with @entity712 . Although mortality rate was similar in both the @entity10202 and the placebo group, because of the relatively small number of @entity1 in this study, no clear conclusion can be drawn regarding the effect of @entity10202 on mortality in @entity1 with @entity712 . An encouraging signal regarding a potential role of CCB in the treatment of @entity712 has been provided by the recently completed PRAISE study. This prospective large-scale study demonstrated the safety of @entity3591 , a long-acting @entity7236 derivative, when used in @entity1 with @entity712 due to @entity453 . Furthermore, this study demonstrated a substantial reduction in mortality in @entity1 with @entity712 due to nonischemic @entity296 and provided a strong indication for a potential therapeutic benefit of @entity3591 when added to standard @entity712 therapy in this @entity1 population. No clear explanation is available at the present time regarding the reason for the deleterious effect demonstrated with some of the @entity19346 and the contrasting benefit seen with @entity3591 . Finally, more information regarding the safety and efficacy of @entity19346 should become available in the next year. The PRAISE II study is ongoing and will provide further information regarding the therapeutic role of @entity3591 in @entity1 with @entity384 . The MACH-1 study is evaluating the effect of @entity946 , a predominant T-type channel blocker with an ideal activity profile, on morbidity and mortality in @entity1 with chronic @entity712 .
