EEG-controlled closed-loop dosing of XXXX in @entity35 .

@entity35 @entity2198 @entity1875
BACKGROUND: Based on previous pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, we have developed an EEG-controlled closed-loop system for the i.v. hypnotic agent @entity1875 in @entity35 . METHODS: Seven adult male @entity35 (weight 423-584 g) were included in the study. EEG was recorded with occipito-occipital needle electrodes and the EEG power spectrum was estimated. The @entity2198 ( @entity2198 ) was extracted from the power spectrum and was modified @entity2198 (mMEF) to account for the occurrence of spikes and burst suppression patterns in the EEG. @entity1875 infusion was controlled by a model-based adaptive control algorithm to maintain a set point of mMEF=3.0 (sd 0.5) Hz. The performance of the feedback system was characterized by the median performance error MDPE=median[(mMEF-set point)/set point] and the median absolute performance error (MDAPE). The effective therapeutic infusion (ETI) to maintain the set point was determined from the resulting infusion rates. RESULTS: In all @entity35 a feedback period of 90 min could be performed. Mean MDPE was 1.2 (se 0.4)% and MDAPE was 13.9 (0.3)%. The ETI was 0.73 (sd 0.20) mg kg(-1) min(-1). Mean arterial pressure before @entity1875 infusion was 148 (14) mm Hg, with the lowest value during closed-loop infusion being 110 (20) mm Hg. CONCLUSIONS: The feedback system presented here may be a useful tool not only for automatic drug control to maintain a defined hypnotic effect but may also be a powerful device in pharmacological studies such as the determination of dose requirements or the assessment of drug-drug interactions.
