Contralateral ictal electrographic involvement is associated with decreased memory performance in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity3877 @entity410 @entity3297 @entity302
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of contralateral electrographic involvement on memory performance (measured by neuropsychological and Wada memory testing) in @entity1 with @entity302 associated with @entity3877 ( @entity3877 ). METHODS: We studied 51 @entity1 with medically-refractory @entity302 associated with unilateral @entity3877 (27 @entity1 , 30/51, left @entity3877 ) submitted to prolonged non-invasive video-EEG monitoring and bilateral Wada testing. According to ictal electrographic involvement, @entity1 were classified as: Contralateral ictal involvement, when one or more @entity410 evolved with rhythmic activity in the temporal region contralateral to the @entity3877 or exclusive ipsilateral ictal involvement if all @entity410 showed ictal EEG activity exclusively on the @entity3877 side. Wada testing involved a twelve-item memory paradigm. Wada memory asymmetry score was calculated for each @entity1 subtracting the number of recalled items after injection on the lesion side from the number of recalled items after contralateral injection. Expected asymmetry (EA) was considered if Wada memory asymmetry>0, and Symmetrical or Reversed memory asymmetry (S-RA) when  <=0. Neuropsychological testing was applied in the 51 @entity1 and in 40 healthy controls. Verbal Memory was evaluated with the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), considering the number of recalled items on immediate recall after the initial five consecutive encoding trials (RAVLT 6), a post-interference delayed (30min) recall (RAVLT 7), and recall after 7days. Nonverbal memory was tested with Wechsler Memory Scale-III ( @entity3297 -III) Faces subtests 1 e 2. RESULTS: Groups did not differ in demographic, clinical and video-EEG monitoring variables. S-RA was observed more frequently in the group with contralateral ictal involvement (57.2% vs. 27.0%; p: 0.03). Logistic regression analysis considering demographic, clinical, hippocampal volume and video-EEG monitoring variables showed contralateral ictal involvement as the only independent variable associated with S-RA (coefficient=1.32, p=0.029, odds ratio 3.77; 95% CI 1.1-12.47). Additionally, the @entity1 group with contralateral ictal EEG involvement displayed worse verbal and nonverbal memory scores compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSION: In this cohort of unilateral @entity3877 @entity1 , contralateral ictal involvement was associated with decreased memory performance on Wada and on neuropsychological testing.
