Bone Marrow Minimal XXXX Was an Early Response Marker and a Consistent Independent Predictor of Survival After Anti-GD2 Immunotherapy.

@entity1 @entity66 @entity41 @entity4910 @entity15601 @entity521 @entity15866 @entity71471 @entity1349
PURPOSE: Immunotherapy is a standard of care for @entity1 with high-risk @entity521 , where bone marrow (BM) is the predominant metastatic site. Early response markers of @entity41 ( @entity41 ) in the BM that are also predictive of survival could help individualize @entity1 therapies. @entity1 AND METHODS: After achieving first remission (n = 163), primary @entity66 (n = 102), or second remission (n = 95), @entity1 with stage 4 @entity521 received anti-GD2 3F8 antibody immunotherapy. BM @entity41 before 3F8 treatment and after cycle 2 (postMRD) was measured using a four-marker panel ( @entity71471 , @entity15601 , @entity4910 , and @entity15866 ) by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Progression-free survival (PFS) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic variables were tested in both univariable and multivariable analyses, and @entity41 markers were further assessed individually and in combination as binary composite (postMRD: 0 and 1) and as equal sum (postMRDSum: 0 to 4) using the Cox regression models, and their predictive accuracy was determined by the concordance index. RESULTS: When BM was evaluated after cycle 2, individual markers were highly predictive of PFS and @entity1349 . The prediction accuracy improved when they were combined in postMRDSum. A multivariable model taking into account all the variables significant in the univariable analyses identified postMRDSum to be independently predictive of PFS and @entity1349 . When the model for @entity1349 also included missing killer immunoglobulin-like receptor ligand, human antimouse antibody response, and the enrollment disease status, the concordance index was 0.704. CONCLUSION: BM @entity41 after two cycles of immunotherapy was confirmed as an early response marker and a consistent independent predictor of survival.
