Decreased odor avoidance after electric shock in XXXX mutants biases learning and memory tests.

@entity36379 @entity1457 @entity4207 @entity1314 @entity238
The @entity238 mutants amnesiac, @entity36379 ( @entity36379 ), and rutabaga were isolated after associative conditioning tests, during which animals were trained to associate the presence of an odor with that of @entity1457 ( @entity1457 ). In the absence of conditioning, the odor avoidance (OA) of these mutants was shown to be normal, indicating that their poor associative conditioning performance was attributable to specific @entity4207 . However, I show that the OA of the mutants is greatly decreased after their exposure to @entity1457 . This effect can last for hours. These results strongly suggest that part of the defect displayed by these mutants in associative conditioning tests does not correspond to a @entity4207 but might arise from abnormal sensitivity to stressful stimuli. I looked at the OA after @entity1457 of two previously characterized @entity36379 mutants. Df(1)N79f specifically decreases @entity36379 expression in the mushroom bodies, leading to a normal level of learning but decreased memory. Df(1)N79f mutants displayed a normal OA after @entity1457 . Df(1)N64j15 affects the entire brain expression of @entity36379 , leading to decreased learning and memory. Df(1)N64j15 animals showed a strong decrease of their OA after @entity1457 . Thus, the lack of @entity36379 "general" expression is most likely responsible for the @entity1314 , which would be responsible for the apparent @entity4207 after conditioning. In contrast, the @entity36379 phosphodiesterase accumulated in the mushroom bodies would be involved specifically in memory formation.
