@entity162 and self-stigma: A comparison with XXXX .

@entity1 @entity162 @entity161 @entity1032
AIM: Even though numerous studies have focused on the effects of self-stigma on @entity1 with @entity161 , little is known about self-stigma of @entity1 with @entity162 ( @entity162 ). In this study, a self-administered scale of self-stigmatising attitudes of @entity1 with @entity162 and @entity161 was used to explore these attitudes, examine the potential differences between the two groups and study the factors that influence stigma within groups. METHODS: Self-stigma of 120 @entity1 with @entity161 and @entity162 was assessed with the Self-stigma Questionnaire (SSQ) and the @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ). Presence of clinical symptoms, overall functioning and level of self-esteem were also evaluated. RESULTS: Self-stigma is present in both groups but differs in its intensity. @entity1 with @entity162 experience self-stigma in a lesser degree without affecting their social life or overall functioning. @entity1 with @entity161 adopt more intense self-stigmatising attitudes leading to social exclusion and lower level of overall functioning. LIMITATIONS: The results are limited by the small sample size, whereas the inclusion of other questionnaires would broaden our insight to self-stigma. CONCLUSIONS: Self-stigma has a direct effect on overall functioning of @entity1 with @entity162 and @entity161 tampering the clinical outcome of therapeutic interventions. Therefore, it should be incorporated in every treatment plan and be addressed as a clinical symptom of the @entity1032 .
