Retrospective study of 942 small-sized XXXX : Prevalence of left apical systolic heart murmur and @entity712 , critical effects of breed and sex.

@entity235 @entity340 @entity712
OBJECTIVES: The main goals of this study were (1) to carry out a retrospective study of the prevalence of left apical systolic heart murmurs, which are considered to clinically reflect the presence of @entity340 , in the 6 small @entity235 breeds most popular in France, i.e., Yorkshire Terrier, Bichon Maltese, Dachshund, Poodle, Lhassa Apso and Shi Tzu and (2) to compare the results with those obtained in a recent report published by our group on @entity340 in 451 CKC. BACKGROUND: @entity340 ( @entity340 ) has been extensively studied in Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKC) but seldom studied and compared in other small-breed @entity235 . The first clinical sign of @entity340 is the early appearance of a left apical systolic heart murmur. ANIMALS: Nine hundred and forty-two adult @entity235 were included in the present study (mean+/-SD, age=6.5+/-4.4 years, weight=6.2+/-2.6kg). RESULTS: The average total prevalence of left apical systolic heart murmur was 14.4% compared with 40.6% in CKC. It was significantly more prevalent in males (18.5%) than in females (9.8%). Shi Tzu and Dachshunds were the most affected breeds investigated. Most (81%) of the @entity235 with left apical systolic murmur were classified in ISACHC @entity712 class I. CONCLUSION: This large retrospective study suggests that the prevalence of @entity340 is higher in CKC than in the 6 small breeds investigated. Moreover, most of the @entity235 do not develop @entity712 .
