Bioimpedance phase angle indicates catabolism in @entity164 2 XXXX .

@entity1 @entity164 @entity6 @entity972
AIMS: Body cell mass is directly proportional to the bioimpedance phase-angle which is an indicator of the amount of electrical charge that cell membranes can hold and is an index of cellular health and function. To evaluate whether the bioimpedance phase angle is relevant for indicating catabolism in @entity1 with @entity6 and whether it discriminates between @entity1 with @entity6 receiving different types of therapy. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in 182 @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 and 107 age- and BMI-matched control subjects. The phase angle was measured at 5, 50 and 100 kHz using multifrequency bioimpedance analysis. The phase angles were compared among different @entity6 therapy groups (untreated @entity1 with @entity6 , @entity1 receiving oral antidiabetic drugs and @entity1 receiving insulin therapy). RESULTS: The phase angle at 100 kHz strongly correlated with total body @entity972 (r  =  0.70, P  =  0.001), and was therefore a good indicator of body cell mass. The phase angle at 100 kHz discriminated more strongly between @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 and control subjects than did the phase angle at 50 kHz. Compared with control subjects, @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 had a smaller phase angle at 100 kHz ( @entity1 : 5.2   vs. 4.5  , P  <  0.0001; @entity1 : 4.8   vs. 4.2  , P  <  0.0001) and a smaller phase angle at 50 kHz ( @entity1 : 5.9   vs. 5.3  , P  <  0.0001; @entity1 : 5.4   vs. 4.8  , P  =  0.0001), but a larger phase angle at 5 kHz ( @entity1 : 2.0   vs. 2.6  , P  =  0.0001; @entity1 : 2.3   vs. 3.0  , P  =  0.00001). Phase angle ratios better discriminated between @entity1 and control subjects than phase angles alone (phase angle at 5  kHz/ phase angle at 50 kHz ratio, P  =  1.51  *  10(-16) ; phase angle at 5kHz/phase angle at 100  kHz ratio, P  =  2.13  *  10(-15) ). No differences were found among phase angles in the different therapy groups. In @entity1 with @entity6 , the phase angle at 50 kHz and the phase angle at 100 kHz correlated inversely with duration of disease ( @entity1 : P  =  0.026, P  =  0.016; @entity1 : only phase angle at 100 kHz, P  =  0.003) and with HbA1c concentration ( @entity1 : P  =  0.010, P  =  0.001; @entity1 : P  =  0.007, P  =  0.043). CONCLUSIONS: The phase angle at 100 kHz is a promising measurement for assessing catabolic state in @entity1 with @entity6 .
