Low-Level Vagus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Myocardial Ischemic Reperfusion Injury by Antioxidative Stress and Antiapoptosis Reactions in XXXX .

@entity5045 @entity63 @entity235 @entity1188 @entity943
BACKGROUND: Low-level vagus nerve stimulation (LL-VNS) has been demonstrated to protect myocardium against acute @entity63 /reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the underlying mechanism of this protective effect remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that LL-VNS exerts cardioprotective effect on acute I/R injury in canines via antioxidative stress and antiapoptosis reactions. METHOD: Thirty anesthetized mongrel @entity235 were randomly divided into three groups: I/R group (N = 12, the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 1 hour following by 1 hour reperfusion), LL-VNS group (N = 9, I/R plus LL-VNS), and sham group (N = 9, sham surgery without LL-VNS). The voltage threshold was set at 80% of the voltage required to slow the sinus rate. @entity1188 size was assessed with Evans Blue and @entity5045 . Activity assays, TUNEL staining, and western blotting were performed to determine markers of oxidative stress and apoptosis. RESULTS: LL-VNS significantly decreased the incidence of @entity943 , increased vagal tone, as confirmed by heart rate viability, and reduced @entity1188 size compared with the I/R group. This improvement was associated with a reduction in myocardial neutrophil infiltration, the inhibition of oxidative stress, and the suppression in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In contrast, the lack of LL-VNS in the I/R group induced the opposite effect compared with the sham group. CONCLUSION: LL-VNS exerts protective effects on myocardial I/R injury. Its potential mechanisms involve the suppression of oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis.
