Upper extremity surgical treatment of XXXX .

@entity2045 @entity73 @entity1 @entity306
The purpose of this report is to review the surgical treatment of the @entity2045 involved with @entity306 over a 25-year period and present our results with regard to changes in upper limb function. Surgical results were assessed by comparison of preoperative and postoperative levels of @entity2045 functional use using a previously described 9-level scale. The effect of the following cofactors on surgical outcome were examined: type of @entity306 , age, voluntary control, @entity73 , sensibility, and type of surgical treatment. One hundred eighty operations representing 718 procedures in 134 @entity1 were reviewed. Surgical treatment was based on the following principles: soft tissue releases of deforming spastic muscles, tendon transfers to augment antagonistic activity, and joint stabilization. Surgical planning was tailored to each @entity1 's particular needs. Comparison of the preoperative and postoperative 9-level functional use scores showed an average improvement of 2.6 functional levels for all @entity1 . @entity1 with fair and good voluntary control had significantly greater improvement in functional use scores than those with poor voluntary control. No other statistically significant predictive cofactor was found. In selected @entity1 with @entity2045 dysfunction secondary to @entity306 , surgical intervention improves function, as measured by the @entity2045 functional use scale.
