Proteomic analysis of the marine diatom @entity30860 upon exposure to XXXX .

@entity2555 @entity30860 @entity3014 @entity2556 @entity3015 @entity6619
BACKGROUND: @entity2555 ( @entity2556 ) are environmental pollutants ubiquitously distributed. They are generated by incomplete combustion of organic materials such as wood or fossil fuels. Due to their carcinogenic, mutagenic effects and to their wide distribution in the environment, these pollutants pose many concerns to researchers and regulators. In our laboratories we investigated the effect of @entity3014 ( @entity3015 ) exposure in the marine diatom @entity30860 , which has become an important model organism in aquatic toxicology studies. RESULTS: In order to investigate the mechanism of action of @entity2556 , we exposed the diatoms for 24 h to 36.45  g/L of @entity3015 which inhibits the growth by about 30%, and analysed the relative protein expression profile by a quantitative proteomics approach based on iTRAQ labels. The proteomics profile analysis showed that around 10% of the identified proteins were regulated and one fourth of them confirmed the gene expression changes seen by DNA microarray. Particularly interesting was the down regulation of the @entity6619 transporter 1 (SIT1), an enzyme that is responsible for the uptake of @entity6619 from the media into the diatom cells. Regulation of SIT1 upon @entity3015 treatment was also confirmed at the gene expression level. CONCLUSIONS: The potential use of the regulated proteins found in this study as early indicators of environmental exposure to @entity2556 is discussed. In particular, SIT1 is considered a promising biomarker and SIT1 expression changes were confirmed also when the diatoms were exposed to field samples, e.g. marine surface sediments contaminated by @entity2556 .
