Influence of fish oil supplementation and strength training on some functional aspects of immune cells in healthy elderly XXXX .

@entity1 @entity650 @entity5568 @entity3884 @entity404 @entity310 @entity2625 @entity688 @entity379 @entity1199 @entity224 @entity405 @entity70549
UNASSIGNED: Immune function changes with ageing and is influenced by physical activity (strength training, ST) and diet (fish oil, FO). The present study investigated the effect of FO and ST on the immune system of elderly @entity1 . Forty-five @entity1 (64 (sd 1  4) years) were assigned to ST for 90  d (ST; n 15), ST plus 2  g/d FO for 90  d ( @entity70549 ; n 15) or 2  g/d FO for 60  d followed by ST plus FO for 90  d (ST150; n 15). Training was performed three times per week, for 12 weeks. A number of innate (zymosan phagocytosis, lysosomal volume, @entity224 anion, @entity2625 of @entity3884 ) and adaptive (cluster of differentiation 4 ( @entity404 ), @entity405 , @entity310 , @entity379 ( @entity379 ), @entity1199 , @entity650 and @entity688 produced by lymphocytes) immune parameters were assessed before supplementation (base), before (pre-) and after (post-) training. ST induced no immune changes. FO supplementation caused increased phagocytosis (48  %), lysosomal volume (100  %) and the production of @entity224 anion (32  %) and @entity5568 (70  %) in the @entity70549 . Additional FO supplementation (ST150) caused no additive influence on the immune system, as ST150 and @entity70549 did not differ, but caused greater changes when compared to the ST (P<  0  05). FO increased @entity404 + and @entity405 + lymphocytes in the ST150, which remained unchanged when training was introduced. The combination of ST and FO reduced @entity310 in the ST150 from base to post-test. FO supplementation (ST150, base-pre) when combined with exercise (ST150, pre-post) increased @entity379 , @entity1199 , @entity650 and @entity688 production. The immune parameters improved in response to FO supplementation; however, ST alone did not enhance the immune system.
