The pathogenesis of @entity1412 by XXXX and @entity225 is completed by @entity2533 .

@entity32 @entity225 @entity1127 @entity1412 @entity1097 @entity2533 @entity56 @entity9416
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Nasal @entity1127 are benign mucosal protrusions into the nasal cavity of multifactorial origin and are characterized by chronic @entity32 . The suggested multifactorial pathological mechanisms comprise several factors including cytokines and @entity9416 ( @entity9416 ). The study was designed to examine the suggested roles of @entity9416 , @entity225 ( @entity225 ), and @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity1412 . METHODS: Nasal @entity1127 (n = 34) and healthy nasal mucosa samples (n = 9) were taken during routine endonasal surgeries. @entity9416 (n = 13), @entity225 (n = 22), and @entity2533 (n = 27) concentrations were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique in homogenized polyp tissue and in control mucosa. Atopic and nonatopic groups were selected and compared. Histomorphological examination and immunohistochemical analysis to detect @entity225 and @entity2533 were performed in five specimens. RESULTS: The level of tissue-bound @entity9416 was significantly higher in @entity1127 compared with control specimens and in @entity1097 compared with nonatopic @entity1127 , but between nonatopic @entity1127 and control specimens the difference was not significant. However, significant correlation was found between tissue and serum @entity9416 in the complete polyp (P =.001) and @entity1127 group (P =.05). Tissue @entity225 concentration was significantly higher in @entity1127 compared with control specimens, in which it was below the limit (15 pg/mL), and there was no difference between @entity1097 and nonatopic @entity1127 . In @entity1127 there was significant correlation between tissue @entity9416 and @entity225 . @entity2533 concentration proved to be significantly higher in control mucosa than in @entity1127 , with no difference between @entity1097 and nonatopic @entity1127 . Immunohistochemical analysis revealed numerous @entity225 -positive eosinophil cells and @entity2533 positivity in the lamina propria of polyp samples, but none in control specimens. CONCLUSIONS: High tissue @entity2533 quantity in healthy nasal mucosa without its active form on the cell surface and its low quantity in @entity1127 may reflect its essential role in the inhibitory mechanisms of @entity1412 . @entity225 plays a key role in the eosinophil recruitment and activation, and both @entity1097 and nonatopic pathways might activate this process. The main sources of @entity225 and @entity2533 are the eosinophils and macrophages. Immediate @entity56 , besides other mechanisms, might be related to @entity1127 , but the involvement of other, local allergic mechanisms in @entity9416 production of nonatopic polyp tissue cannot be excluded.
