XXXX : a nationwide epidemiological study from Sweden.

@entity43 @entity788 @entity96 @entity5 @entity4093 @entity1086 @entity157 @entity259
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Familial risks in liver and @entity5 have been assessed in small case control studies, usually based on reported, but not medically verified, @entity5 in family members. Thus the degree of familial clustering for these @entity5 remains to be established. METHODS: The nationwide Swedish Family- @entity5 Database was used, covering 10.2 million individuals for the years 1961-1998 from the Swedish @entity5 Registry. @entity96 were identified from 1121 offspring between the ages of 0 and 66 years and 17 131 parents. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for @entity5 in family members. RESULTS: All @entity5 in the liver and biliary system showed a familial SIR of 1.65 (95% CI 1.05-2.46). This was mainly explained by a high risk for @entity1086 (SIR 5.21 (95% CI 2.07-10.80)) and for familial primary @entity96 with @entity157 histology (SIR 4.69 (95% CI 1.48-11.04)). For @entity1086 , maternal transmission appeared to be favoured. @entity1086 was associated with @entity788 ( @entity4093 .39 (95% CI 1.23-4.18)). @entity96 was associated with cervical, urinary bladder, and @entity5 . @entity5 in extrahepatic bile ducts was associated with @entity43 and that in ampulla of Vater with @entity259 ; however, these associations may have been fortuitous. CONCLUSIONS: This study has provided the first data on familial clustering of liver and @entity1086 , based on medically confirmed records. The risks were so high that heritable factors were likely to contribute, possibly modified by environmental factors. The demonstration of candidate genes would help to further characterise the familial risks.
