Efficacy and tolerability of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in adults with XXXX : a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

@entity1 @entity59329 @entity162 @entity1032 @entity308 @entity4750 @entity4006 @entity1239 @entity914 @entity161 @entity752
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To assess the efficacy and tolerability of adjunctive pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in adults with @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ) by means of a systematic review and network meta-analysis. METHOD: We searched Embase, Medline, PsychINFO and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from database inception to 1 December 2014 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English. We included all studies of smokers with @entity1032 (including @entity161 , @entity914 , @entity162 , @entity4750 and @entity308 ) who were motivated to quit smoking. Pharmacotherapies included @entity1239 replacement therapy (NRT), @entity752 and @entity4006 delivered as monotherapy or in combination compared with each other or placebo. The efficacy outcome was self-reported sustained smoking cessation, verified biochemically at the longest reported time-point. The tolerability outcome was number of @entity1 discontinuing the trial due to any adverse event. RESULTS: Seventeen study reports were included, which represented 14  individual RCTs. No trials were found in @entity1 with @entity308 , @entity4750 or that compared NRT monotherapy with placebo. A total of 356 and 423 @entity1 were included in the efficacy and tolerability analyses, respectively. From the network meta-analysis, both @entity752 and @entity4006 were more effective than placebo [odds ratio (OR)  =  4.51, 95% @entity59329 .45-14.04 and OR  =  5.17, 95% @entity59329 .78-15.06, respectively]. Data were insensitive to an assessment of @entity4006 versus @entity752 (OR  =  1.15, 95% CrI  =  0.24-5.45). There were no significant differences in tolerability. All outcomes were rated by GRADE criteria as very low quality. CONCLUSIONS: The limited evidence available to date suggests that @entity752 and @entity4006 are effective and tolerable for smoking cessation in adults with serious mental illnesses.
