The zero-plus first metatarsal and its relationship to XXXX .

@entity1 @entity85 @entity4553
The relationship between first metatarsal length and @entity4553 was examined. Retrospectively, 210 randomly selected radiographic files were reviewed between 1988 and 1993. The morbid population consisted of 110 feet with @entity4553 . The control population consisted of 100 healthy feet (no deformity). Seventy-seven percent of the @entity1 with @entity4553 had a first metatarsal length that was equal to or longer than the second metatarsal. This was defined as a zero-plus first metatarsal. Only 28% of the control population had this same proportion in length. Thus, prevalence of zero-plus first metatarsal was significantly associated with @entity4553 formation (chi(2)(1) = 51.15, P <.001). The mean first metatarsal protrusion distance was significantly higher in the bunion population (+1.58 mm) than in the control @entity1 (-2.05 mm) (P <.001). The distribution of head shape differed significantly between the @entity1 with @entity4553 and control @entity1 ; @entity1 with @entity4553 had predominantly round heads (91%) and the control @entity1 had predominantly square and square with a ridge heads (80%) (chi(2)(2) = 107.7, P <.001). All zero-plus first metatarsals in the @entity4553 population had a round first metatarsal head. Only 7.1% of the control @entity1 had a round head with a zero-plus metatarsal. There was a positive relationship between the protrusion distance of the first metatarsal and the severity of the intermetatarsal angle, particularly in those @entity1 with intermetatarsal angles ranging from 13 degrees to 20 degrees (P <.01). It was concluded that a zero-plus first metatarsal is a significant etiologic factor in the development of @entity85 and should be part of the preoperative evaluation.
