Gamma knife radiosurgery for XXXX : the dry-eye complication.

@entity1 @entity1183 @entity132 @entity4254 @entity854 @entity936 @entity1445
OBJECT: The purpose of this paper is to report a unique complication of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for @entity4254 ( @entity4254 ). The nature of this complication and its related factors are discussed. METHODS: Forty-one medically refractory @entity1 with @entity4254 were treated with GKS. All @entity1 received 80 Gy to the proximal trigeminal nerve root, using a 4-mm collimator and a single isocenter. Follow up consisted of three monthly outpatient sessions after GKS. Improvement, recurrence, complications, and changes in magnetic resonance imaging were recorded. To evaluate the factors behind the complications, a subgroup of 33 @entity1 was assessed in whom the follow-up duration was more than 9 months. The follow-up duration was 3 to 36 months (mean 13 months). The results were excellent in 20 @entity1 , good in 11, and fair in seven. No @entity1 had a poor result. Three @entity1 suffered recurrences. Seven @entity1 suffered complications 9 to 24 months after GKS. All seven @entity1 @entity1183 and @entity1183 was recorded. Three of them also complained of " @entity936 " with diminution or absence of corneal reflex but no other @entity854 and conjunctiva were found on ophthalmological examination. In these three @entity1 , @entity1183 of the first division of the trigeminal nerve area had been found before their " @entity936 " symptoms appeared. The irradiated volume on the brainstem was significantly related to this complication. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity936 seems to be a special form of @entity132 . An @entity1445 of radiation to the brainstem may play an important role in the manifestation of this complication.
