Economic evaluation of appropriate duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of XXXX in a middle-income country.

@entity1 @entity281 @entity233
BACKGROUND: Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis is one of the preventive measures for surgical site infections (SSIs). Very little data about the cost effectiveness of the appropriate duration of antibiotic prophylaxis in low- and middle-income countries are available. We aim to assess the cost effectiveness of the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for <24  hours to prevent @entity281 in a middle-income country, @entity233 . METHODS: A 1-year prospective study was performed between June 2012 and June 2013. During this study period @entity1 were followed-up on for the development of SSI by means of hospital and postdischarge surveillance. @entity1 included in the study group received appropriate duration of antibiotic prophylaxis (<24  hours), and the duration of prophylaxis was longer in the control group. The antibiotic costs per @entity1 , including prophylaxis and treatment, were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 822 operations consisting of craniotomy (n  =  558), spinal fusion (n  =  220), and ventricular shunt (n  =  44) were included in the study. The study group included 488 (59.4%) @entity1 who underwent operations with appropriate duration (<24 hours) of antibiotic prophylaxis. Prophylactic antibiotic cost per @entity1 was significantly lower in the study group ( 3.35 and  20.41, respectively). The SSI rates did not differ between the 2 groups: 3.5% (17/488) in the study group and 3.6 (12/822) in the control group (P  >  .05). CONCLUSION: This cost-analysis study demonstrates that prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis correlates with increased burden of cost, but it is not preventive for SSI.
