Evaluation of @entity308 and XXXX in empty nose syndrome after surgical treatment.

@entity1 @entity308 @entity146 @entity1109 @entity148 @entity74
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is often associated with @entity1109 . With the absence of @entity146 instruments utilized in the current literature, the assessment of @entity74 is limited, and the effectiveness of surgical intervention in improving such disorders in ENS are not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in @entity308 and @entity148 before and after surgical treatment for ENS STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study in a tertiary medical center. METHODS: ENS @entity1 indicated for surgical treatment were enrolled. The Beck @entity308 Inventory II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) questionnaires were completed by these @entity1 before and after surgery to assess the level of @entity308 and @entity148 . RESULTS: A total of 20 @entity1 completed the BDI-II and BAI before and after surgical treatment. A majority of @entity1 developed @entity308 and @entity148 prior to surgical treatment. The severity of @entity308 and @entity148 were significantly decreased following the surgery; the mean scores of both the BDI-II and BAI improved from moderate severity to normal (both P < .001). The preoperative total score was found to be a powerful predictor for the postoperative improvement in both BDI-II and BAI (P < .001). Female @entity1 had significantly worse preoperative scores (P = .005) and greater postoperative improvement (P = .012) in the BDI-II. CONCLUSIONS: @entity308 and @entity148 are @entity74 prevalent among ENS @entity1 . Surgical treatment for ENS is effective in improving @entity308 and @entity148 . @entity1 with worse preoperative BDI-II and BAI scores as well as female @entity1 may be better candidates for surgical intervention. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 2015.
