TRPC Channels: Prominent Candidates of Underlying Mechanism in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity71704 @entity13622 @entity146 @entity7012 @entity141 @entity4149
UNASSIGNED: Alterations in intracellular @entity141 concentration ([ @entity141 ]i) play a crucial role in fundamental cellular events from transcriptional regulation to migration and proliferation. The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels contribute to changes in [ @entity141 ]i by providing or modulating @entity141 entry pathways, as well as by releasing @entity141 from intracellular stores. On the basis of sequence homology, the TRP family can be divided into seven subfamilies: the TRPC ("canonical") family, the TRPV ("vanilloid") family, the TRPM ("melastatin") family, the TRPP ("polycystin") family, the TRPML ("mucolipin") family, the @entity13622 ("ankyrin") family, and the TRPN ("NOMPC") family. In this review, we focus on the physiology and pathophysiology of @entity1 TRPC channels in the nervous system. Seven @entity1 TRPC proteins ( @entity7012 -7) have been described and are widely distributed in the brain from early embryonic days till adulthood, with the exception of @entity71704 . TRPC channels are nonselective @entity141 -permeable channels, which can be activated by G-protein-coupled receptors and receptor @entity4149 kinases. These channels have been reported to act as essential cellular sensors in multiple processes during neuronal development, including neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation, neuronal survival, neurite outgrowth and axon path finding, and synaptogenesis. Not surprisingly, studies on these channels also provide new insights into underlying mechanisms of various @entity146 . The present review summarizes the expressions of all TRPC subtypes in different brain regions and different neural cell types, aiming to serve as a useful reference for future studies in this field. We also discuss the most updated evidence implicating involvement of TRPC channels in the generation of pathophysiological states in nervous system and their potentials as being promising targets for drug development.
