Isolated extraocular muscle involvement as the ophthalmic manifestation of XXXX .

@entity1 @entity262 @entity3052 @entity1778 @entity6444 @entity1860 @entity1319
BACKGROUND: Clinical and imaging features of @entity1 with @entity1778 primarily involving extraocular muscles were evaluated. METHODS: This retrospective case series includes @entity1 with @entity1778 whose only ophthalmic manifestation was extraocular muscle enlargement. Demographic data, clinical information on the @entity262 , prominent ocular signs and symptoms, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics, treatments applied and the outcomes were collected. RESULTS: Five @entity1 were diagnosed as leukaemic infiltration of extraocular muscle between 1995 and 2008. The age at presentation ranged between 3 and 61 years. @entity3052 was the diagnosis in two @entity1 , and @entity6444 , @entity1860 and biphenotypic acute @entity1778 were found in one @entity1 each, respectively. One @entity1 had bilateral involvement. The lateral rectus muscle was affected in four @entity1 and the superior rectus muscle in one case. @entity1319 was the most common finding. In one @entity1 who had no prior history of @entity1778 , an incisional biopsy established the diagnosis. All @entity1 received multi-agent chemotherapy. Four @entity1 expired after a rapid decline of the systemic status within a mean period of 7 months. CONCLUSIONS: Leukaemic infiltration of extraocular muscles is a rare and late manifestation of the advanced disease associated with relapse and there seems to be a predilection for the lateral rectus muscle. Systemic prognosis remains dismal despite intensive chemotherapy.
