Multifocality and bilaterality of XXXX .

@entity3557 @entity1 @entity66 @entity5 @entity4383 @entity7172
OBJECTIVES: @entity3557 frequently occur as two or more separate foci within the thyroid gland (18%-87%). However, those multifocal @entity5 are easy to be undetected by preoperative radiologic evaluations, which lead to @entity66 after initial surgery. We aimed to study the incidence of multifocal @entity7172 ( @entity7172 ), diagnostic accuracy of preoperative radiologic evaluation, predictive factors, and the chance of @entity5 . METHODS: Two hundred and seventy-seven @entity1 with PTMC were included in this study. All @entity1 underwent total thyroidectomy as an initial treatment. Medical records, pathologic reports, and radiological reports were reviewed for analysis. RESULTS: Multifocal @entity7172 were detected in 100 of 277 @entity1 (36.1%). The mean number of @entity5 in each @entity1 was 1.6  1.1, ranging from 1 to 10. The additional @entity5 foci were significantly smaller (0.32  0.18 cm) than the primary @entity5 (0.63  0.22 cm) (P<0.001). There was no significant relationship between @entity5 size and the presence of @entity5 . With more @entity5 detected in one lobe, there was greater chance of @entity5 ; 18.8% with @entity5 focus, 30.2% with 2 @entity5 foci, and 46.2% with 3 or more @entity5 foci in one lobe. Sensitivity of preoperative sonography was 42.7% for multifocal @entity5 and 49.0% for @entity5 . With multivariate analysis, @entity4383 was the only significant factor for multifocal @entity5 . CONCLUSION: In cases of @entity7172 , the incidence of multifocal @entity5 is high. However, additional @entity5 foci are too small to be diagnosed preoperatively, especially under the recent guidelines on radiologic screening tests for @entity3557 . Multifocal @entity7172 have high risk of @entity5 , necessitating more extensive surgery or more thorough follow-up.
