Craniocervical junction involvement in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1691 @entity1442 @entity7687 @entity2720
PURPOSE: Available studies of craniocervical junction (CCJ) involvement in @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) are based on conventional radiography, which has limited ability in the definition of many elements of the CCJ. The goal of the present study was to describe the spectrum of computed tomography (CT) findings in the CCJ in a cohort of @entity1 with @entity1691 . METHODS: CT scans of the cervical spine of 11 @entity1 with @entity1691 and 33 control subjects were reviewed, and imaging findings related to the CCJ were assessed. The standard anatomic intervals describing the CCJ were measured and compared to accepted normal standards. Findings representing pathology were described, categorized by localization, and relation to joints or ligaments of the CCJ. RESULTS: All @entity1691 @entity1 were males with median age of 48  years and median disease duration of 20  years. The calculated median-modified Stoke @entity1691 Spinal Score (mSASSS) for the cervical spine was 8.5 ranging from 0 to 27. Disease-related changes in one or more elements of the CCJ were detected in all @entity1 . @entity2720 were involved in 8 @entity1 , while 3 @entity1 had disease of the @entity7687 . Enthesopathy of the CCJ was observed in 7 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The CCJ is frequently involved in @entity1691 @entity1 with @entity1442 and may be independent on the mSASSS. Both articulations and ligaments of CCJ may be affected in @entity1691 @entity1 .
