A comparative study of visuospatial memory and learning in XXXX and @entity191 .

@entity1 @entity303 @entity73 @entity191 @entity195
Groups of @entity1 with @entity303 of @entity195 (DAT) and @entity191 , together with age and IQ-matched normal controls, were compared on several computerized tests of visuospatial memory and learning. Two different groups of @entity191 @entity1 were studied: (1) a newly diagnosed group, early in the course of the disease, not receiving medication (NMED) PD) and (2) a group later in the course of the disease, receiving medication (MED PD). The DAT and MED PD group were significantly @entity73 . The DAT group exhibited a delay-dependent deficit (over 0-16 s) in a delayed matching-to-sample procedure, but were not impaired at simultaneous-matching-to-sample. By contrast, the MED PD group showed delay-independent deficits in the delayed matching-to-sample test and both the MED PD and the NMED PD group were also significantly impaired in simultaneous matching. In a form of delayed response test, the subjects were required first to memorize and then to learn the locations of several abstract visual stimuli which varied progressively in number from 1 to 8. The DAT group were severely impaired in this conditional associative learning task. A significant proportion of @entity1 , but none of the controls, in the NMED and MED PD group also failed the test at the levels of 6 or 8 items. There was a significant correlation between the performance on the first trial, memory score in the delayed response task and indices of clinical disability and disease duration in the @entity1 with @entity191 . The results are discussed in terms of the utility of the comparison between DAT and PD in characterizing the nature of the @entity73 in these conditions and their relation to those findings from animal neuropsychology which use comparable paradigms.
