The effects of XXXX on blood lipids and lipoproteins in postmenopausal @entity1 .

@entity1 @entity172 @entity8097 @entity301 @entity53 @entity4418 @entity1815 @entity230 @entity165 @entity9477
Endogenous sex @entity230 seem to exert a major influence on plasma lipoprotein levels. During menopause, endogenous @entity53 (E2) levels decrease, and the low-density lipoprotein @entity165 concentration, which gradually increases with age, rises more rapidly, with mean plasma levels exceeding those of age-matched @entity1 . It is surprising that the reduction of endogenous E2 does not appear to influence high-density lipoprotein @entity165 levels. @entity1 who experience early menopause have a higher incidence of @entity301 than do premenopausal @entity1 of similar age; however, this risk is decreased in @entity1 treated with oral @entity172 . Oral administration of E2 increases plasma concentrations of @entity1815 , E2, and high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , and decreases plasma concentrations of total and low-density lipoprotein @entity165 . This effect seems to be dose-dependent. Increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 concentration depends primarily on an @entity9477 subfraction increase. It is interesting to speculate that the effects of oral @entity172 replacement on plasma lipoproteins might be important in reducing @entity301 risk. Sequential addition of progestogens attenuates the effects of @entity172 on plasma lipids and lipoproteins to some degree. However, the type and dose of the progestogen are important. Most progestogens derived from @entity8097 , for example, reduce high-density lipoprotein @entity165 and, in higher doses, increase low-density lipoprotein @entity165 levels. In contrast, progestogens derived from @entity4418 exert only minor effects on plasma lipoproteins. As with oral contraceptives, the net effect of @entity172 -progestogen replacement therapy on plasma lipoproteins depends on the dose and potency of the involved drugs.
