Trends of Resistance to Antimicrobials Recommended Currently and in the Past for Management of XXXX in the Apex STD Center in India and Comparison of Antimicrobial Resistance Profile Between 2002-2006 and 2007-2012.

@entity1 @entity2954 @entity2756 @entity6368 @entity114 @entity2177 @entity4580 @entity26397 @entity6727 @entity803 @entity6760
BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance in @entity6368 jeopardizes public health and continues to spread out to currently recommended and older antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance provides essential clues toward the modification of treatment guidelines. The aim of the study was to determine gonococcal AMR profile and trends between 2007 and 2012 and to evaluate any change in AMR profile in comparison with published trends in 2002 to 2006. METHODS: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 261 @entity6368 isolates from consecutive @entity1 between 2007 and 2012 was determined for @entity114 , @entity803 , @entity2177 , @entity6760 , extended-spectrum cephalosporins ( @entity2756 , @entity6727 , @entity26397 ) and @entity4580 by the disk diffusion technique and the Etest method. P value was determined using    test for comparisons of trends between the 2 periods. RESULTS: In comparison of AMR trends between 2002-2006 and 2007-2012, penicillinase-producing @entity6368 , @entity803 -resistant @entity6368 , and @entity2177 -resistant strains increased significantly from 21.2% to 47.9% (P < 0.0001), 13.6% to 25.3% (P = 0.0002), and 78% to 89.7% (P = 0.0001), respectively. An insignificant increase from 2.4% to 4.2% (P > 0.05) in decreased susceptibility to @entity2756 and 0.8% to 1.5% (P > 0.05) for @entity4580 resistance was observed. All isolates were susceptible to spectinomycin over both the periods, except for one isolate in 2002. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights that there is a continuous increase in resistance to previously recommended antibiotics despite their disuse for treatment. The increase in number of strains with decreased susceptibility to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and @entity4580 resistance, currently recommended for management of @entity2954 , is of serious concern. These trends should be monitored continuously to change antibiotic policy.
