Ultrasonographic evaluation in XXXX with @entity788 .

@entity1 @entity32 @entity788 @entity5 @entity1157 @entity134
BACKGROUND: The concept of @entity788 ( @entity788 ) has recently been described. It is important to exclude @entity5 in @entity1 with @entity788 who develop distal @entity1157 strictures. The aim of this study was to evaluate distal common @entity1157 strictures in @entity788 @entity1 by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS), and contrast-enhanced EUS (ceEUS). METHODS: Five @entity1 with @entity788 , encountered from January 2000 through December 2001, underwent EUS, IDUS, and ceEUS, using Levovist as a contrast medium. EUS and ceEUS were used to follow changes in distal @entity1157 strictures in three of these five @entity1 following a trial of @entity134 therapy. RESULTS: Of the five @entity1 , four had cholestatic biochemical profiles, three were positive for autoantibodies, and three had elevated serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) or IgG4. A diffusely enlarged pancreas, narrowing of the @entity788 ( @entity788 ), and strictured common @entity1157 in the pancreatic head were features common to all @entity1 . Pretherapy EUS or IDUS imaging showed concentric wall thickening of the distal common @entity1157 causing @entity1157 stenosis. ceEUS showed diffuse strong enhancement of the thickened @entity1157 wall, possibly due to @entity32 . After the @entity134 therapy, the stenotic lesions in both the @entity788 and distal common @entity1157 were rapidly attenuated, with a decline in biochemical cholestatic enzymes and serum IgG or IgG4 levels. CONCLUSIONS: On EUS and IDUS imaging, concentric @entity1157 wall thickening and its strong enhancement by Levovist was characteristic in @entity788 @entity1 .
