Are there progressive brain changes in XXXX ? A meta-analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging studies.

@entity75 @entity1 @entity161
BACKGROUND: It is well established that @entity161 is associated with @entity75 , but whether these are static or progress over time remains controversial. METHODS: A systematic review of longitudinal volumetric studies using region-of-interest structural magnetic resonance imaging in @entity1 with @entity161 and healthy control subjects. The percentage change in volume between scans for each brain region of interest was obtained, and data were combined using random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-seven studies were included in the meta-analysis, with 928 @entity1 and 867 control subjects, and 32 different brain regions of interest. Subjects with @entity161 showed significantly greater decreases over time in whole brain volume, whole brain gray matter, frontal gray and white matter, parietal white matter, and temporal white matter volume, as well as larger increases in lateral ventricular volume, than healthy control subjects. The time between baseline and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging scans ranged from 1 to 10 years. The differences between @entity1 and control subjects in annualized percentage volume change were -.07% for whole brain volume, -.59% for whole brain gray matter, -.32% for frontal white matter, -.32% for parietal white matter, -.39% for temporal white matter, and +.36% for bilateral lateral ventricles. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that @entity161 is associated with progressive @entity75 , affecting both gray and white matter. We found no evidence to suggest progressive medial temporal lobe involvement but did find evidence that this may be partly explained by heterogeneity between studies in @entity1 age and illness duration. The causes and clinical correlates of these progressive brain changes should now be the focus of investigation.
