JP-8 jet fuel exposure suppresses the immune response to XXXX .

@entity19 @entity1421 @entity5168 @entity1618 @entity281 @entity1800 @entity1961
The US Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Previous work has reported that JP-8 exposure is immunosuppressive. Exposure of @entity19 to JP-8 for 1A h/day resulted in immediate secretion of two immunosuppressive agents, namely, @entity1618 and @entity1421 . Thus, it was of interest to determine if jet fuel exposure might alter the immune response to infectious agents. The Hong Kong influenza model was used for these studies. @entity19 were exposed to 1000A mg/m(3) JP-8 (1A h/day) for 7A days before influenza @entity1800 . Animals were infected intra-nasally with virus and followed in terms of overall survival as well as immune responses. All surviving animals were killed 14A days after @entity1800 . In the present study, JP-8 exposure increased the severity of the @entity1800 by suppressing the anti-viral immune responses. That is, exposure of @entity19 to JP-8 for 1A h/day for 7A days before @entity281 resulted in decreased immune cell viability after exposure and @entity281 , a greater than fourfold decrease in immune proliferative responses to mitogens, as well as an overall loss of @entity5168 (+), @entity1961 (+), and CD8(+) T cells from the lymph nodes, but not the spleens, of infected animals. These changes resulted in decreased survival of the exposed and infected @entity19 , with only 33% of animals surviving as compared with 50% of @entity19 infected but not jet fuel-exposed (and 100% of @entity19 exposed only to JP-8). Thus, short-term, low-concentration JP-8 jet fuel exposures have significant suppressive effects on the immune system which can result in increased severity of @entity1800 .
