The aetiology of XXXX in four ethnic groups in outpatient psychiatry.

@entity1 @entity146 @entity458 @entity1005 @entity130
BACKGROUND: @entity1005 is one of few diagnoses to be defined by its aetiology. At treatment centres specialising in a certain type of @entity130 , like war, torture or @entity458 , the aetiology may be regarded as self-explanatory. Recent surveys of general populations reveal high rates of @entity1005 , often following exposure to multiple traumatic events. @entity130 are frequently overlooked in general @entity146 settings and @entity1005 is underestimated. Such findings indicate the need to conceptualise @entity130 in terms of multiple events and to examine the aetiology of @entity1005 amongst @entity1 in everyday @entity146 practice. The present study examines aetiological factors of @entity1005 in three minority groups at a general @entity146 outpatient clinic. Arabs, Iranians and Turks selected from an entire year's cohort of @entity1 -and a sample of Swedish @entity1 of similar age and gender distribution. METHODS: Histories were collected from 115 @entity1 , both regarding their own @entity130 and @entity130 involving relatives and close friends, by means of a questionnaire. A self-rating instrument for @entity1005 , with no reference to a specific @entity130 , was used in order to study the relationship between @entity130 and @entity1005 outcome. RESULTS: Of the @entity1 , 89% had experienced at least one @entity130 , and 77% multiple traumatic events. The prevalence of probable @entity1005 varied between ethnic groups: Iranians 69%, Arabs 59%, Turks 53% and Swedes 29%. In a logistic regression analysis, probable @entity1005 outcome was associated with multiplicity of relatives' @entity130 (OR = 3.14), multiplicity of own @entity130 (OR = 2.56) and belonging to an ethnic minority (OR = 2.44), but not with gender. No @entity1 without a @entity130 history was positively assessed for probable @entity1005 . CONCLUSION: The symptomatic syndrome of probable @entity1005 does not appear in the absence of extreme @entity130 , lending empirical support to the definition of @entity1005 . Prevalence increases with multiplicity of @entity130 , including those involving a relative or close friend. The high prevalence of probable @entity1005 found in this study warrants screening for @entity130 among @entity1 , their relatives and close friends, in outpatient psychiatry.
