Contribution of environmental fibers to XXXX .

@entity5 @entity2 @entity2615 @entity1576 @entity1355
This article reviews studies of the carcinogenicity of mineral fibers, notably @entity1355 , and presents seven major recommendations for further research. Mineral fibers represent the greatest cause--after cigarette smoke--of @entity5 due to air pollutants. Past @entity1355 exposure may currently account for 2000 @entity2615 deaths per year and 4000 to 6000 @entity2 deaths per year. All major commercial types of @entity1355 (crocidolite, amosite, and chrysotile) can cause each of the major @entity1355 -related @entity1576 . @entity2 in @entity1355 -exposed individuals probably do not have a different distribution of histological types from that of @entity2 . Nonoccupational exposures are likely to be associated with @entity5 outcomes qualitatively similar to those associated with occupational exposures. Further investigations of fibers are needed to characterize the relationships among physicochemical properties, patterns of migration and clearance, dose, and adverse health effects. Transmission electron microscopy has been found to be the preferred method of analysis of environmental fibers. Relations among time factors (e.g., age at first exposure), dose, and risk for adverse health effects require analyses of existing and new epidemiologic studies of exposed cohorts. Concomitant exposure, behavioral factors, and host factors affecting susceptibility to @entity1355 should be identified.
