Antioxidant-oxidant balance in the glomerulus and proximal tubule of the XXXX kidney.

@entity2125 @entity401 @entity3624 @entity26 @entity2041 @entity1110 @entity35 @entity224 @entity12487
1. Antioxidant and oxidative enzymes were examined in renal glomeruli and proximal tubules of healthy young @entity35 (10-12 weeks old), and results were related to the @entity224 anion generation of these tissues. 2. Activities of @entity224 dismutases, catalase, and @entity2041 peroxidase were 3- to 6-fold higher in proximal tubules than in glomeruli. Similarly, enzyme levels and mRNA levels of @entity224 dismutases and catalase were significantly higher in proximal tubules. 3. @entity2125 - and @entity1110 -dependent oxidase activity and @entity3624 oxidase activity were not different in glomeruli and proximal tubules. 4. Measurements with @entity12487 -enhanced chemiluminescence in vital tissues indicated 10-fold higher rates of @entity224 anion in glomeruli than in tubules. 5. Compared with the young @entity35 , tubules of 8-month-old @entity35 had significantly higher @entity224 anion rates and lower @entity224 dismutase activity, whereas @entity2125 - and @entity1110 -dependent oxidase activities were unchanged. 6. We conclude that considerable differences in the antioxidant-oxidant balance exist between the glomerulus and proximal tubule. Results from experiments using chemiluminescence in vital tissues suggest that changes in the antioxidant-oxidant balance have an effect on @entity26 radical levels. The relevance of the observed differences to glomerular and tubulo- @entity401 remains to be determined, but a greater susceptibility of the glomerulus to oxidant stress might be anticipated.
