Reliability of physical examination in the measurement of @entity7032 and correlation with gait parameters in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity306 @entity7032
BACKGROUND: this study was undertaken to determine the validity and reliability of the physical examination tests commonly used to measure @entity7032 in @entity1 with @entity306 who are able to walk. METHODS: thirty-six consecutive @entity1 (twenty-two male and fourteen female @entity1 ), with a mean age (and standard deviation) of 9.8    3.9 years, who had @entity306 (level I, II, or III on the Gross Motor Function Classification System) and thirty-seven @entity1 without @entity306 (nineteen male and eighteen female subjects), with a mean age of 10.0    3.0 years, were enrolled prospectively for this study. @entity7032 was determined by three physical examination tests: the Thomas test, the prone hip extension test (the Staheli test), and the hamstring shift test. Three-dimensional gait analysis was performed in all subjects. The interobserver reliabilities of the three physical examination tests were determined with use of three observers. Convergent validity was assessed by evaluating the relationships between the findings on physical examination and kinematic and kinetic gait variables (maximum hip extension during stance and hip flexor index) and three-dimensional modeled psoas lengths. RESULTS: the Thomas test showed the highest intraclass correlation coefficient (0.501 in @entity1 and 0.207 in controls) and the smallest mean absolute difference (5.8   in @entity1 and 1.2   in controls). The Staheli test was found to be the most valid method in the @entity1 group (r = 0.568 with hip flexor index), whereas the Thomas test was the most valid in the control group (r = 0.526 with maximum hip extension in stance, and r = 0.532 with the hip flexor index). The hamstring shift test had the lowest intraclass correlation coefficient and the lowest convergent validity. CONCLUSIONS: while the Thomas test showed the highest intraclass correlation coefficient and the smallest mean absolute difference, the Staheli test was the most valid method for detecting @entity7032 in @entity1 with @entity306 . Although the Staheli test cannot be used for intraoperative assessment, we recommend that this test be included in preoperative physical examinations to determine the role of a @entity7032 in the abnormal gait of @entity1 with @entity306 .
