Controlling Immune Rejection Is a Fail-Safe System against Potential Tumorigenicity after XXXX iPSC-Derived Neural Stem Cell Transplantation.

@entity1 @entity19 @entity5 @entity11 @entity1566 @entity912 @entity44
Our previous work reported functional recovery after transplantation of @entity19 and @entity1 induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (hiPSC-NS/PCs) into rodent models of @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ). Although hiPSC-NS/PCs proved useful for the treatment of @entity1566 , the tumorigenicity of the transplanted cells must be resolved before they can be used in clinical applications. The current study sought to determine the feasibility of ablation of the @entity5 formed after hiPSC-NS/PC transplantation through immunoregulation. Tumorigenic hiPSC-NS/PCs were transplanted into the intact spinal cords of immunocompetent BALB/cA @entity19 with or without immunosuppressant treatment. In vivo bioluminescence imaging was used to evaluate the chronological survival and growth of the transplanted cells. The graft survival rate was 0% in the group without immunosuppressants versus 100% in the group with immunosuppressants. Most of the @entity19 that received immunosuppressants exhibited hind-limb @entity912 owing to @entity5 growth at 3 months after iPSC-NS/PC transplantation. Histological analysis showed that the @entity5 shared certain characteristics with low-grade @entity11 rather than with @entity44 . After confirming the progression of the @entity5 in immunosuppressed @entity19 , the immunosuppressant agents were discontinued, resulting in the complete rejection of iPSC-NS/PC-derived masses within 42 days after drug cessation. In accordance with the @entity5 rejection, hind-limb motor function was recovered in all of the @entity19 . Moreover, infiltration of microglia and lymphocytes was observed during the course of @entity5 rejection, along with apoptosis of iPSC-NS/PC-generated cells. Thus, immune rejection can be used as a fail-safe system against potential tumorigenicity after transplantation of iPSC-NS/PCs to treat @entity1566 .
