Hypokinetic circulation in XXXX with @entity451 .

@entity1 @entity64 @entity2045 @entity409 @entity1566 @entity451
INTRODUCTION: It is well established that @entity409 , resulting in diminished @entity2045 , occurs in @entity1 with @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) as compared with those who are nondisabled (ND). Although it has been shown that @entity1 with @entity451 display higher values of heart rate (HR) with lower values of @entity64 volume (SV) during exercise, it is not resolved whether there is adequate compensation to produce similar values of cardiac output (.Q) as in ND. PURPOSE: This study examined central cardiovascular responses (HR, SV, and .Q) of 20 subjects with complete thoracic level @entity1566 (T(4)-T(11)) and 20 sedentary ND subjects during matched levels of arm-crank (AC) exercise. METHODS: All subjects performed an incremental peak AC test to volitional exhaustion with continuous metabolic analysis and HR measurement via open circuit spirometry and 12-lead electrocardiography, respectively. @entity64 volume was assessed using transthoracic impedance. RESULTS: Heart rate was higher for @entity1566 (P< 0.05) with significantly lower values for SV and .Q at rest (approximately 25%). Peak responses were significantly higher for ND in all factors except HR. Although subpeak HRs at matched absolute workloads were significantly higher for @entity1566 (12-20 beats.min (-1) ), SV and .Q were significantly lower (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that .Q is significantly lower in @entity1566 than in ND during AC, despite significantly greater values of HR. These findings also suggest that the disparity in exercise values of .Q is related to differences exhibited at rest.
