Evolving concepts of the role of high-density lipoprotein in protection from XXXX .

@entity731 @entity453 @entity165
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is classified as a negative risk factor due to the inverse relationship between elevated levels of HDL @entity165 and @entity731 . The mechanism by which HDL can mediate protection from @entity731 is complex and multifactorial. The primary role of reverse @entity165 transport in the reduction of risk for @entity453 is supported by a considerable amount of experimental data. HDL is able to interact with and remove @entity165 from the lipid-laden foam cells in the peripheral vasculature with subsequent transportation to the liver for excretion. However, HDL has multiple other physiologic effects that may play a significant role in protection from @entity731 . HDL has been demonstrated to exhibit multiple beneficial effects on the coagulation system. Platelet function is improved by both direct and indirect mechanisms. HDL has a complex interaction with the protein C and protein S system. Thrombolytic balance is also improved by HDL. HDL has been demonstrated to have a significant natural antioxidant effect that inhibits the oxidative step required for low-density lipoprotein uptake by the macrophage. Additionally, HDL has also been demonstrated to exert multiple beneficial effects on endothelial function, including decreased apoptosis and endothelial repair.
