Altered expression of PIWI RNA in the XXXX brain after transient focal @entity63 .

@entity35 @entity64 @entity63
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) is the most predominant RNA species in eukaryotes. The piRNA are a class of noncoding RNAs that bind and degrade the RNA formed by the transposons to control the transposon-induced gene mutations. The role of piRNA after focal @entity63 is not yet evaluated. METHODS: We profiled 39 727 piRNAs in the cerebral cortex of adult @entity35 subjected to transient focal @entity63 using microarrays. The RT targets of @entity64 were identified with bioinformatics. To understand how piRNAs are controlled, we analyzed the transcription factor binding sites in the putative promoters of 10 representative @entity64 . RESULTS: In the ipsilateral cortex of @entity63 @entity35 , 105 piRNAs showed altered expression (54 up- and 51 downregulated; >2.5-fold) compared with shams. Twenty-five of those showed a >5-fold change. A bioinformatics search showed that the transposon targets of the highly @entity64 are distributed among the 20 autosomal chromosomes and there is a redundancy in the targets between the piRNAs. Furthermore, the transposon targets were observed to be highly repetitious for each piRNA across the chromosome length. Of the 159 transcription factors observed to have binding sites in the piRNA gene promoters, 59% belonged to 20 major families indicating that transcription factors control @entity64 in a redundant manner. CONCLUSIONS: The present study is the first to show that many piRNAs are expressed in adult rodent brain and several of them respond to focal @entity63 .
