Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 as a multifunctional molecule of which the expression is associated with adverse prognosis of XXXX with @entity150 .

@entity1552 @entity1 @entity588 @entity1885 @entity5 @entity189 @entity876 @entity150 @entity3
PURPOSE: Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) regulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity controlling the breakdown of extracellular matrix components and, thus, play an important role in the process of invasion and @entity3 . Moreover, there are several new functions, growth control, apoptosis, and angiogenesis-, in which TIMPs seem to be involved. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of @entity1552 in @entity1 @entity5 assessing @entity1552 protein expression in 106 @entity150 and evaluating its importance relative to clinicopathologic parameters (age, gender, histological grade, and stage) and @entity1 survival, as well as to markers associated with cell growth and apoptosis (Ki-67, @entity876 , and @entity588 ). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Immunohistochemistry (avidin- @entity1885 complex method-horseradish peroxidase) was performed to detect @entity1552 , Ki-67, @entity876 , and @entity588 proteins using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Statistical analysis was univariate and multivariate. RESULTS: @entity1552 immunohistochemical expression was observed in stromal fibroblasts and in cancerous cells in 26.4% and 69.8% of cases, respectively. @entity1552 stromal but not cancerous cell expression associated significantly with the high histological grade of @entity189 (P < 0.0001) and the advanced stage of the disease (P = 0.001). @entity1552 either stromal or cancerous cell expression correlated significantly with the expression of Ki-67 proliferation indice (P = 0.02 and P = 0.044, respectively) and the mutant @entity876 protein (P = 0.043 and P = 0.045, respectively). In univariate survival analysis @entity1 with positive @entity1552 stromal cell immunohistochemical expression had a significantly worse overall survival in comparison with @entity1552 stromal cell-negative @entity1 (log rank test: P = 0.0002). However, in multivariate survival analysis the only independent survival factors were the stage of the disease and @entity1 age. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1552 protein expression in either the stromal or cancerous cells is associated with the proliferation index Ki-67 and the apoptosis-related protein @entity876 . These findings are in keeping with in vitro studies reporting a growth-promoting ability of @entity1552 and its involvement in apoptosis regulation. On the other hand, @entity1552 stromal cell expression only was associated with adverse prognosis of @entity150 @entity1 .
