Mild asymptomatic XXXX is not a risk factor for @entity174 .

@entity1 @entity459 @entity8 @entity174 @entity13709 @entity460 @entity1011 @entity2742 @entity560
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of @entity174 in @entity1 with mild asymptomatic @entity459 and to ascertain whether this prevalence is increased in comparison with the rate in a retrospective control group previously studied at the same institution or with current estimates of the risk for @entity174 in subjects of similar age. DESIGN: Prospectively collected data were retrospectively analyzed and compared with data from a historical control group at the same institution and with published data. SETTING: The outpatient department of a bone and mineral metabolism clinic. @entity1 : A consecutive series of @entity1 with mild asymptomatic @entity459 diagnosed between 1 January 1976 and 31 December 1985. Criteria for inclusion in the study were the absence of symptoms due to @entity2742 , no current @entity8 , no radiographic evidence of @entity13709 , a serum @entity460 level of less than 3.00 mmol/L, a serum @entity1011 level of less than 133 mumol/L, and a forearm bone density value not more than 2.5 standard deviations below the age-, sex-, and race-adjusted normal value. INTERVENTIONS: A conservative nonintervention study. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity174 in 174 @entity1 (mean age, 62 years) with mild asymptomatic @entity459 was 1.7%; in a subset of white @entity1 , the prevalence was 2.8%. These rates were not higher than those expected, by comparison with the rate in a retrospective control group or with the risk for @entity174 in subjects of similar age, and may even be lower. CONCLUSIONS: The risk for @entity174 is not increased in @entity1 with mild asymptomatic @entity459 and is not a reason to recommend surgical intervention in asymptomatic @entity1 . The increased rates of @entity174 that occurred in other series are probably due to the use of inappropriate controls and the influence of referral or selection bias, the inclusion of @entity1 with severer disease, and the effect of geographic differences in @entity560 nutrition on the expression of disease. Possible differences between lateral spine and lateral chest radiographs for determining vertebral body shape need further study.
