Clinically Isolated Syndrome Suggestive of XXXX : Dynamic Patterns of Gray and White Matter Changes-A 2-year MR Imaging Study.

@entity1 @entity194 @entity62 @entity15 @entity922
UNASSIGNED: Purpose To investigate the patterns of regional gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) @entity194 , WM microstructural tissue damage, and changes in @entity1 with a @entity922 ( @entity922 ) suggestive of @entity15 at 2 years from clinical onset. Materials and Methods Institutional review board approval and written informed consent from all @entity1 were obtained. Neurologic assessment and conventional, diffusion-tensor, and volumetric brain MR imaging sequences were performed in 37 @entity1 with @entity922 within 2 months of clinical onset, and after 3, 12, and 24 months. Fourteen healthy control subjects also were studied. Longitudinal GM and WM volume changes and WM microstructural abnormalities were assessed by using voxel-based morphometry (P < .001, uncorrected) and tract-based spatial statistics (P < .05, corrected). Results At 24 months, 33 of 37 (89%) @entity1 had developed @entity15 . At month 3, @entity1 with @entity922 showed a transient volume increase in frontal, parietal, temporal, and cerebellar GM regions. At 12 months, @entity1 with @entity922 developed @entity194 of the thalami, caudate nuclei, cerebellum, and frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. At 24 months GM volume of the frontal, temporal, and parietal cortical areas further decreased from that at 12 months. WM @entity194 involved only a few WM regions at 2 months from clinical onset, with progressive involvement of additional WM tracts with time. A diffuse pattern of WM microstructural abnormalities was detected within 2 months of onset and had worsened at 24 months. Conclusion After an acute inflammatory event, dynamic modifications of regional GM and @entity62 occur in @entity1 with @entity922 , with a progressive evolution of @entity62 from disease onset and a transient, early increase in GM volume, followed by @entity194 . Neurodegenerative processes start early in @entity1 with @entity15 . (  ) RSNA, 2015 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
