Computed tomography characteristics of advanced primary XXXX .

@entity1 @entity5 @entity1149 @entity2 @entity358 @entity3 @entity7749
Our objectives were to document CT features of advanced primary @entity2 (LELC) and to determine features that may assist differentiation from other @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). Imaging and clinical data of all @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity2 ( n=12) were retrieved from a database of all @entity1149 @entity1 over a 2-year period. Twenty-five controls were recruited from other inoperable non-LELC @entity1149 @entity1 from the database. Pre-treatment CT scans of the thorax of both study and control @entity1 were reviewed for lobe involved; @entity5 site, borders and size; and pleural, vascular or @entity358 . Presence of @entity7749 was noted. Lymph node @entity3 was characterised as ipsilateral or contralateral enlarged (>1 cm) mediastinal or hilar nodes, or as peribronchovascular nodal spread. Differences between the two groups were tested using Mann-Whitney rank-sum test. The @entity5 were significantly larger (45.67 vs 17.71 cm(2)) than controls and were closely associated with the mediastinum. There were more @entity5 with well-defined borders ( p<0.001) and fewer with spiculated borders ( p<0001) than @entity5 . There was increased peribronchovascular nodal spread ( p=0.01) and vascular encasement ( p=0.02) in LELC compared with @entity5 . Advanced primary @entity2 has distinct radiological features, and can appear as well-defined @entity5 closely associated with the mediastinum, with peribronchovascular spread and vascular encasement.
