Surgical outcomes of 156 spinal XXXX caused by lymph node biopsy procedures.

@entity1 @entity45541 @entity4048 @entity9286 @entity130
UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Iatrogenic injuries to the @entity45541 ( @entity45541 ) are not uncommon during lymph node biopsy of the @entity4048 ( @entity4048 ). In this study, the authors review the operative techniques and surgical outcomes of 156 surgical repairs of the @entity45541 following @entity130 during lymph node biopsy procedures. METHODS This retrospective study examines the authors' clinical and surgical experience with 156 @entity1 with @entity45541 injury between 1980 and 2012. All @entity1 suffered iatrogenic @entity45541 injuries during lymph node biopsy, with the vast majority (154/156, 98.7%) occurring in Zone I of the @entity4048 . Surgery was performed on the basis of anatomical and electro-physiological findings at the time of the operation. The mean follow-up period was 24 months (range 8-44 months). RESULTS Of the 123 @entity1 who underwent graft or suture repair, 107 @entity1 (87%) improved to Grade 3 functionality or higher using the Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC) grading system. Neurolysis was performed in 29 @entity1 (19%) when the nerve was found in continuity with recordable nerve action potential (NAP) across the lesion. More than 95% of @entity1 treated by neurolysis with positive NAP recordings recovered to LSUHSC Grade 3 or higher. Forty-one @entity1 (26%) underwent end-to-end repair, while 82 @entity1 (53%) underwent graft repair, and Grade 3 or higher recovery was assessed for 90% and 85% of these @entity1 , respectively. The average graft length used was 3.81 cm. Neurotization was performed in 4 @entity1 , 2 of whom recovered to Grade 2 and 3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS @entity45541 injuries present challenges for surgical exploration and repair because of the nerve's size and location in the @entity4048 . However, through proper and timely intervention, @entity1 with diminished or absent function achieved favorable functional outcomes. Surgeons performing lymph node biopsy procedures in Zone I of the @entity4048 should be aware of the potential risk of @entity9286 .
