The Clinical and Histological Spectrum of XXXX .

@entity1 @entity4094 @entity6017 @entity5442 @entity425 @entity1282 @entity393 @entity401 @entity2057 @entity121 @entity6558
UNASSIGNED: Idiopathic @entity5442 (IIMs) are a heterogeneous group of @entity5442 , characterised by chronic @entity425 , cutaneous features, different extra-muscular manifestations and circulating autoantibodies. IIMs included classical @entity6558 ( @entity6558 ), @entity6017 ( @entity6017 ) and other different types of @entity5442 with a wide range of muscle involvement. A complete autoantibody profile and a muscle biopsy are mandatory to correctly diagnose different clinical entities and to define their different prognosis. Bohan and Peter's criteria included five items to diagnose adult onset @entity6558 and @entity6017 . The sensitivity was 74-100  %, while the specificity is low, due to a poor ability to differentiate @entity6558 from @entity4094 . Other criteria included a more accurate histological definition of @entity6558 , @entity6017 or amyopathic @entity6017 , obtaining a higher specificity. Autoantibodies' association, @entity401 and clinical cardiac involvement represent the main items that could define the prognosis of these @entity1 . On the other hand, inclusion body @entity5442 is a different @entity121 characterised by a peculiar muscle mass involvement, @entity2057 and progressive @entity393 , due to complete failure to all immunosuppressive drugs used. Treatment of IIMs is based on corticosteroids (CS), which show rapid clinical response and functional improvement. Different immunosuppressant drugs are given to obtain a better control of the disease during CS tapering dose. No controlled double blind trials demonstrated the superiority of one immunesuppressant on another. The occurrence of interstitial lung involvement requires the immediate introduction of immunosuppressants in addiction to CS. Severe @entity1282 seems to improve with intravenous immunoglobulins (Ig). Physical therapy could be started after the acute phase of diseases and seems to have a beneficial role in muscle strength recovery.
