Proteomic characterization and comparison of XXXX milk fat globule proteomes by iTRAQ analysis.

@entity1 @entity844 @entity1641 @entity20770 @entity25762 @entity12492 @entity291 @entity1237
UNASSIGNED: Milk fat globule membrane ( @entity12492 ) proteins are known to be involved in many biological functions; however, their components and inter-species complexity have not yet been completely elucidated. We investigated the protein composition of the @entity12492 -enriched fraction from Holstein, Jersey, @entity25762 , buffalo, @entity1237 , @entity20770 , @entity1641 , and @entity1 . Extracted proteins from the @entity12492 -enriched fractions were identified and quantified by an iTRAQ proteomic approach. We identified 520 protein species categorized as biological processes, cellular components and molecular function according to their annotation. Cellular process, localization, transport, signal transduction, and response to stimulus were the most common biological processes; binding and catalytic activities were the most prevalent molecular functions. Pathway analysis revealed several pathways, including glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling, and @entity844 biosynthesis. Quantified @entity12492 -enriched proteins were subjected to discriminative proteomic profiling by principal component analysis and a hierarchical clustering method, and then organized into four major clusters: (1) Holstein, Jersey, and @entity25762 milk; (2) buffalo and @entity1237 milk; (3) Holstein, Jersey, buffalo, @entity25762 , and @entity1237 milk; and (4) @entity20770 , @entity1641 , and @entity1 milk. These novel quantitative data provide insight into the protein composition of the @entity12492 and their potential physiological functions, and highlight the significant differences in the @entity12492 fractions among @entity1 species. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Milk fat globule membrane ( @entity12492 ) proteins have exhibited a relatively larger diversity than other milk fractions, and implicated health beneficial effects. Proteomic analysis of @entity12492 protein was mainly focused on @entity1 , @entity291 and @entity1237 in previous studies. Recently, there is an increasing demand for natural milk from minor dairy animals. Differences in protein components were not yet elucidated that required the integration of this information across multiple species. Thus, iTRAQ analysis of the proteins in @entity12492 fractions from Holstein, Jersey, @entity25762 , buffalo, @entity1237 , @entity20770 , @entity1641 , and @entity1 was performed in this study. A total of 520 proteins were identified and quantified in the @entity12492 fractions. The results were contributed to a comprehensive overview and discriminative profiling of the @entity12492 proteome across species.
