Induction of reaper ortholog mx in mosquito midgut cells following baculovirus XXXX .

@entity778 @entity4224 @entity23439 @entity39 @entity281 @entity1800 @entity2957 @entity238
Many vertebrate and insect viruses possess antiapoptotic genes that are required for their infectivity. This led to the hypothesis that apoptosis is an innate immunoresponse important for limiting @entity778 . The role of apoptosis may be especially important in insect antiviral defense because of the lack of adaptive immunity. However, the cellular mechanism that elicits apoptosis in response to @entity1800 in insects has not been determined. Using an in vivo @entity281 system with the mosquito baculovirus CuniNPV ( @entity23439 ), we demonstrated that michelob_x (mx), the mosquito ortholog of @entity238 proapoptotic gene reaper, is specifically induced in larval midgut cells following @entity1800 . Interestingly, the dynamics of mx induction corresponds with the outcome of the @entity281 . In the permissive mosquito @entity2957 , a slow induction of mx failed to induce prompt apoptosis, and the infected cells eventually undergo @entity39 with heavy loads of encapsulated viruses. In contrast, in the refractory mosquito @entity4224 , a rapid induction of mx within 30    min p.i. is followed by apoptosis within 2-6    h p.i., suggesting a possible role for apoptosis in limiting @entity1800 . When the execution of apoptosis was delayed by caspase inhibitors, viral gene expression became detectable in the A. aegypti larvae.
