Accurate Prediction of Conversion to XXXX using Imaging, Genetic, and Neuropsychological Biomarkers.

@entity1 @entity4024 @entity2204 @entity73 @entity195 @entity413
UNASSIGNED: A variety of imaging, neuropsychological, and genetic biomarkers have been suggested as potential biomarkers for the identification of @entity73 ( @entity73 ) in @entity1 who later develop @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Here, we systematically evaluated the most promising combinations of these biomarkers regarding discrimination between stable and converter @entity73 and reflection of disease staging. @entity195 Neuroimaging Initiative data of @entity195 (n=144), controls (n=112), stable (n=265) and converter (n=177) @entity73 , for which @entity2204 status, neuropsychological evaluation, and structural, @entity413 , and amyloid imaging were available, were included in this study. @entity4024  ve Bayes classifiers were built on @entity195 and controls data for all possible combinations of these biomarkers, with and without stratification by amyloid status. All classifiers were then applied to the @entity73 cohorts. We obtained an accuracy of 76% for discrimination between converter and stable @entity73 with @entity413 positron emission tomography as a single biomarker. This accuracy increased to about 87% when including further imaging modalities and genetic information. We also identified several biomarker combinations as strong predictors of time to conversion. Use of amyloid validated training data resulted in increased sensitivities and decreased specificities for differentiation between stable and converter @entity73 when amyloid was included as a biomarker but not for other classifier combinations. Our results indicate that fully independent classifiers built only on @entity195 and controls data and combining imaging, genetic, and/or neuropsychological biomarkers can more reliably discriminate between stable and converter @entity73 than single modality classifiers. Several biomarker combinations are identified as strongly predictive for the time to conversion to @entity195 .
