Long-term results of the international XXXX trial evaluating adjuvant @entity900 -based chemotherapy in resected @entity2 .

@entity1 @entity1149 @entity900 @entity2
PURPOSE Based on 5-year or shorter-term follow-up data in recent randomized trials, adjuvant @entity900 -based chemotherapy is now generally recommended after complete surgical resection for @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). We evaluated the results of the International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial study with three additional years of follow-up. @entity1 AND METHODS @entity1 with completely resected @entity1149 were randomly assigned to three or four cycles of @entity900 -based chemotherapy or to observation. Cox models were used to evaluate treatment effect according to follow-up duration. Results The trial included 1,867 @entity1 with a median follow-up of 7.5 years. Results showed a beneficial effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.02; P = .10) and on disease-free survival (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.98; P = .02). However, there was a significant difference between the results of overall survival before and after 5 years of follow-up (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.97; P = .01 v HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.07; P = .04) with P = .006 for interaction. Similar results were observed for disease-free survival. The analysis of @entity2 deaths for the whole period showed an HR of 1.34 (95% CI, 0.99 to 1.81; P = .06). CONCLUSION These results confirm the significant efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy at 5 years. The difference in results beyond 5 years of follow-up underscores the need for the long-term follow-up of other @entity2 trials and for a better identification of @entity1 deriving long-term benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
