Effects of self-administered @entity167 or XXXX preloads on subsequent consumption in the @entity35 .

@entity167 @entity969 @entity1068 @entity35
OBJECTIVE: The initial drink of @entity167 is often conceptualized as "priming" the individual for the following drinking bout. For the alcoholic, this priming effect has been considered a key for the loss of control that then occurs. Although there have been a few animal studies examining the effects of an investigator-administered @entity1068 preload on subsequent @entity1068 self-administration, the effects of a small self-administered oral preload on subsequent consumption have not been examined. METHOD: Adult, male @entity35 , initiated to self-administer @entity1068 using the @entity969 -substitution procedure, were given brief access periods to drink @entity1068 or water, 5 minutes prior to a second opportunity to press a lever for an additional 20-minute access to a 10% @entity1068 solution. A second group of @entity35 were trained to press a lever to gain access to a 3% @entity969 solution, and the effects of @entity969 or water preloads were examined and compared with results in the @entity1068 group. RESULTS: In the @entity1068 group, both the @entity1068 and water preload intakes increased as preload access time increased and were not different from each other. However, @entity1068 preloads at the longer access times (60 seconds and 120 seconds) decreased subsequent @entity1068 consumption and at the highest time also affected @entity1068 -seeking behavior. Equal volumes of water intake at these longer access times had no effects on subsequent @entity1068 consumption. In the @entity969 group, @entity969 preload intakes increased as access time increased, but water preload intakes did not. Neither @entity969 nor water preloads had any effect on subsequent @entity969 consumption. CONCLUSIONS: The data failed to find any priming effect of @entity1068 preloads in terms of increased subsequent @entity1068 consumption. It appears that a major factor in the regulation of @entity1068 intake for the @entity35 in this training procedure is the postingestional effects of @entity1068 , because taste stimuli did not appear to be important. However, it appears that these @entity1068 postingestive stimuli are not identical to those involved in the regulation of @entity969 consumption.
