[Selective posterior rhizotomy at the posterior radiculomedullary junction in the treatment of hyperspasticity and XXXX in the lower limbs].

@entity1 @entity508 @entity51 @entity2473 @entity158 @entity1159 @entity717 @entity204
The authors report a series of 53 bedridden @entity1 having harmful @entity508 in one (6) or both (47) lower limb(s) and treated with selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR) in the dorsal root entry zone (DREZ). This severe @entity508 was associated with @entity1159 in 49 cases and hyperextension in 3 others. 37 of these @entity1 also had @entity158 manifestations. The method was introduced in 1972 on the basis of anatomical studies of the DREZ in @entity1 which showed a topographical segregation of the afferent roots according to their anatomico-functional destinations. The technique consists of a 2 mm deep DREZ microsurgical cut directed at a 45 degree angle into the posterior lateral sulcus just ventral to DREZ and Lissauer's tract of the spinal cord. The procedure was carried out at each sensory rootlet considered to be responsible for the harmful @entity508 and @entity158 . SPR interrupts selectively the lateral nociceptive and central myotactic afferent fibers curving toward Lissauer's tract and the anterior spinal cord, while sparing most of the medial lemniscal fibers curving toward the dorsal columns, as well as the fibers of the inhibitory circuitry of Lissauer's tract and dorsal horn. The results were evaluated after a 1 to 14 year follow-up. Mild to severe complications occurred in 25 @entity1 (47.1%) and were responsible for @entity204 in 5 (9.4%). Both @entity508 and @entity2473 were significantly decreased or completely eliminated in 75% and 88.2% respectively; when present, @entity158 was relieved without a total suppression of sensation in 91.6%. These benefits-combined with complementary orthopedic surgery in 23 @entity1 --resulted in either a complete resolution or marked reduction of the abnormal postures and articular limitations (85.2% complete and 96.75 marked reduction). Because of the extreme severity of the pre-operative @entity51 in almost all the @entity1 in this series, surgery improved @entity717 with a significant functional benefit in only 5 cases and vesico-sphincter function in none. Thanks to its valuable effects on hyperspasticity and @entity158 , SPR in the DREZ made it possible for these very disable @entity1 to be more comfortable in bed and wheel-chair and it allowed effective nursing and kinesitherapy to be resumed.
