Induction of autophagy in XXXX treated @entity11 .

@entity1 @entity3220 @entity2904 @entity11 @entity16401 @entity2903
Autophagy is a dynamic process of protein degradation. Induction of autophagy by @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) has been noted in @entity11 cell lines. Twenty-eight specimens, obtained from 14 @entity1 before and after @entity2904 treatment, were analyzed to investigate whether induction of autophagy could be detected in surgical specimens by immunohistochemical analysis. Macroautophagy was monitored by immunohistochemical analysis employing anti-light chain 3 isoform B ( @entity16401 ) and @entity3220 ( @entity3220 ) antibodies; chaperone-mediated autophagy was monitored by anti-LAMP2A antibody immunostaining. Furthermore, detection of @entity16401 protein by Western blotting was performed on six specimens obtained from the preserved frozen tissues of three @entity1 . All specimens showed dot-like staining for each immunostain in the cytoplasm of @entity11 cells, indicating induction of autophagy. @entity16401 , @entity3220 and LAMP2A immunostains were semiquantitatively scored from 1 to 3 points. Combination of the three scores after @entity2904 treatment (6.4        1.2) showed a significant increase (P   =   0.020) compared to pre-treatment scores (5.2        1.5). Western blotting for @entity16401 showed increased @entity16401 -I and @entity16401 -II expression after @entity2904 treatment. The present study proved that autophagy monitoring by immunohistochemical staining of surgical specimens was feasible. These results suggest that autophagy is induced by @entity2904 .
