Chemoradiation therapy in the management of XXXX .

@entity1 @entity788 @entity5 @entity344 @entity1820
Concurrent administration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy has been increasingly used in @entity5 treatment, leading to improvements in survival as well as quality of life. Currently, it is a feasible preference, often regarded as the standard therapeutic option, for many locally confined @entity5 , including anal, bladder, cervical, esophageal, gastric, head and neck, lung, @entity788 . In @entity1 with these @entity5 , combined modality therapy improves @entity5 control and survival while, in some instances, obviating the need for surgical removal of the organ of origin. The scientific rationale for the use of chemoradiation derives from the preclinical and clinical observations of synergistic interactions between radiotherapy and chemotherapy. When chemotherapy and radiotherapy are administered together, the chemotherapeutic agents can sensitize the @entity5 cells to the effects of ionizing radiation, leading to increased @entity5 -killing effects within the radiotherapy field. This, in turn, can improve local control of the @entity5 and, in some @entity5 , render surgical resection unnecessary. In other cases, @entity1 with @entity5 that were initially considered unresectable are able to undergo curative interventions after completing chemoradiation. The chemotherapy component can address any potential micrometastatic disease that, without therapy, leads to an increased risk of distant recurrence. A large body of evidence exists that supports the use of chemoradiotherapy in @entity1820 . In fact, one of the first @entity5 types in which the superior efficacy of chemoradiation was described was @entity5 . Since then, chemoradiotherapy has been explored in other @entity344 with superior outcomes when compared with either radiation or chemotherapy alone. This article aims to recapitulate the clinical evidence supporting the use of chemoradiotherapy in a variety of @entity1820 types.
