Comparison of liver mitochondrial proteins derived from newborn cloned XXXX and from cloned adult @entity291 by two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis.

@entity1358 @entity851 @entity291
Aberrant reprogramming of donor somatic cell nuclei may result in many severe problems in animal cloning. The inability to establish functional interactions between donor nucleus and recipient mitochondria is also likely responsible for such a @entity851 . However, detailed knowledge of protein expression during @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) in @entity291 is lacking. In the present study, variations in mitochondrial protein levels between @entity1358 -derived and control @entity291 , and from @entity291 derived by artificial insemination were investigated. Mitochondrial fractions were prepared from frozen liver samples and subjected to two-dimensional (2-D) fluorescence differential gel electrophoresis (DIGE) using CyDye    dyes. Protein expression changes were confirmed with a volume ratio greater than 2.0 (P   <   0.05). 2D-DIGE analysis revealed differential expression of three proteins for @entity1358 @entity291 (n   =   4) and seven proteins for @entity1358 @entity291 (n   =   6) compared to controls (P   <   0.05). Different protein patterning was observed among @entity1358 animals even if animals were generated from the same donor cell source. No differences were detected in two of the @entity1358 @entity291 . Moreover, there was no novel protein identified in any of the @entity1358 @entity291 or @entity291 . In conclusion, variation in mitochondrial protein expression concentrations was observed in non-viable, neonatal @entity1358 @entity291 and among @entity1358 individuals. This result implicates mitochondrial-related gene expression in early developmental loss of @entity1358 embryos. Comparative proteomic analysis represents an important tool for further studies on @entity1358 animals.
