Hypopituitary females have a high incidence of XXXX and an increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.

@entity1 @entity172 @entity2338 @entity134 @entity4614 @entity1168 @entity65 @entity165
We recently reported that female @entity1 with @entity4614 receiving controlled thyroid and @entity134 hormone substitution, but without GH replacement, had a more than 2-fold increase in cardiovascular mortality compared to the general population. In the present study we investigated the incidence of @entity65 as well as the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in 33 females with @entity4614 for 6-46 yr (median, 18) compared to those in 33 control subjects recruited from the general population in the same geographical area and matched for sex, age, smoking habits, educational level, and residence location. The @entity1 were with a very high probability GH deficient, as 29 had subnormal serum insulin-like growth factor I levels, and the other 4 were GH deficient, as assessed by an insulin tolerance test. The incidence of @entity65 was significantly higher among the hypopituitary @entity1 (incidence ratio, 3.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-11.3), and the consumption of cardioactive drugs was also significantly higher (P = 0.002). Hypopituitary @entity1 had a lower degree of physical exercise during their spare time (P = 0.02), a higher waist/hip ratio (P = 0.01), lower high density lipoprotein @entity165 (P = 0.002), and higher low density/high density lipoprotein ratio (P = 0.009). Furthermore, the @entity1 had a significantly increased left atrium size (P = 0.05), but no difference was observed for other cardiac measures. In the patients, serum insulin-like growth factor I levels significantly correlated with left ventricular mass index (r = 0.48; P = 0.006), suggesting that GH has a strong impact on cardiac size. More episodes of @entity1168 (P = 0.05), but no increased occurrence of extrasystolies, were encountered in the @entity1 during 24-h continuous electrocardiogram monitoring. Carotid artery intima-media thickness and plaque numbers did not differ between @entity1 and controls. In conclusion, hypopituitary females exhibit an increased incidence of @entity65 , higher cardioactive drug consumption, and an increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. The @entity65 could not be ascribed to inadequate @entity172 or thyroid hormone treatment, and @entity2338 is probably an important contributing factor.
