Influence of smoking, XXXX , and pregravid weight for height on intrauterine growth.

@entity1 @entity1017
Combined effects of pregravid weight, @entity1017 and smoking on birth weight, length, and head circumference was investigated in uncomplicated, term pregnancies. Each gravida was categorized by height and pregravid weight as underweight, normal, moderately overweight, or massively overweight. Weight gain was grouped: poor, low-normal, high-normal, and excessive. @entity1 who smoked 10 to 20 cigarettes daily were studied. @entity1 who did not smoke were used as controls. Birth weights, lengths, and head circumferences were evaluated. Within each pregravid category and each gain group there was nearly uniform incremental increase in mean birthweight with advancing @entity1017 in both smoking and nonsmoking @entity1 . @entity1 born to smoking @entity1 fell behind nonsmoking counterparts by an entire gain group regardless of the mother's pregravid classification. Similar trends were observed in length and head circumference, although not as pronounced. Encouragement of higher weight gains helps correct the growth retardation observed in @entity1 born to @entity1 who smoke.
