Diagnostic implications of antigen-induced gamma interferon, @entity842 , and @entity5 necrosis factor alpha production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from @entity2497 -infected XXXX .

@entity17299 @entity5 @entity281 @entity842 @entity12028 @entity2499 @entity378 @entity291 @entity2497
@entity291 @entity378 in the United States has proven costly to @entity291 producers as well as to government regulatory agencies. While in vivo responsiveness to mycobacterial antigens is the current standard for the diagnosis of @entity378 , in vitro assays are gaining acceptance, especially as ancillary or complementary tests. To evaluate in vitro indices of cellular sensitization, antigen-induced gamma interferon ( @entity12028 ), @entity842 (NO), and @entity5 necrosis factor alpha ( @entity17299 ) responses by blood mononuclear cells from @entity2497 -infected @entity291 were quantified and compared. Using an aerosol model of @entity281 , two doses of each of two strains of @entity2499 (95-1315 and HC-2045T) were used to induce a range of @entity12028 , NO, and @entity17299 responses. Infection-specific increases in NO, but not in @entity12028 or @entity17299 , were detected in nonstimulated cultures at 48 h, a finding that is indicative of nonspecific activation and spontaneous release of NO. The infective dose of @entity2499 organisms also influenced responses. At 34 days postinfection, @entity12028 , NO, and @entity17299 responses in antigen-stimulated cells from @entity291 receiving 10(5) CFU of @entity2499 organisms were greater than responses of cells from @entity291 infected with 10(3) CFU of @entity2499 organisms. The NO response, but not the @entity12028 and @entity17299 responses, was influenced by infective strains of @entity2499 . The @entity17299 , NO, and @entity12028 responses followed similar kinetics, with strong positive associations among the three readouts. Overall, these findings indicate that NO and @entity17299 , like @entity12028 , may prove useful as indices for the diagnosis of @entity291 @entity378 .
