In Vivo Role of @entity8932 and @entity5001 Signaling in Eliciting Innate Immune Responses in XXXX .

@entity3145 @entity19 @entity20474 @entity794 @entity5001 @entity281 @entity164 @entity989 @entity8932 @entity3225
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective mechanisms evoked by @entity8932 and @entity5001 signaling in @entity3225 in vivo. METHODS: @entity3225 was induced in @entity164 ( @entity164 ), @entity8932 (-/-), @entity5001 (-/-), and @entity20474 (-/-) @entity19 by intravitreal injections of a laboratory strain (RN6390) and two @entity3225 isolates of @entity794 . Disease progression was monitored by assessing corneal and vitreous haze, @entity3145 . Levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines were determined using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and ELISA. Flow cytometry was used to assess neutrophil infiltration. @entity20474 ( @entity20474 ) expression was determined by immunostaining and dot blot. RESULTS: Eyes infected with either laboratory or clinical isolates exhibited higher levels of inflammatory mediators at the early stages of @entity281 ( <=24 hours) in @entity164 @entity19 than in @entity8932 (-/-) or @entity5001 (-/-) @entity19 . However, their levels surpassed that of @entity164 @entity19 at the later stages of @entity281 (>48 hours), coinciding with @entity989 . Both @entity8932 (-/-) and @entity5001 (-/-) retinas produced reduced levels of @entity20474 , and its deficiency ( @entity20474 (-/-)) rendered the @entity19 susceptible to @entity989 as early as 1 day post @entity281 . Analyses of inflammatory mediators and neutrophil levels in @entity164 versus @entity20474 (-/-) @entity19 showed a trend similar to that observed in @entity8932 and @entity5001 KO @entity19 . Furthermore, we observed that even a 10-fold lower infective dose of @entity794 was sufficient to cause @entity3225 in @entity8932 (-/-) and @entity5001 (-/-) @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity8932 and @entity5001 signaling plays an important role in protecting the retina from @entity3225 by production of the antimicrobial peptide @entity20474 .
