[Biomarker Discovery of XXXX Using Membrane Proteins Extracted from Cancer Tissues].

@entity1 @entity5 @entity3 @entity14 @entity652 @entity204
@entity14 is the leading cause of @entity5 in @entity1 and third leading cause of @entity204 in @entity1 . The prognosis worsens when @entity5 metastasizes to other organs. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop biomarkers for the early diagnosis of @entity3 as well as @entity5 development. Mass spectrometry-based technologies have been applied to the discovery of protein biomarkers, especially in the field of @entity5 . These results have identified numerous candidate protein biomarkers. Unfortunately, only a few are currently being applied in clinical diagnostics. Recent advances in proteomic technology such as selected/multiple reaction monitoring (SRM/MRM) facilitated the detection and quantitation of specific proteins in complex samples without the need for antibodies. We performed a quantitative proteomic analysis of membrane proteins extracted from @entity14 tissues using the iTRAQ shotgun method to discover biomarker candidates, and then extensively validated the biomarker candidate proteins by SRM/MRM. A total of 5,566 proteins were identified in tissue samples obtained from @entity652 and @entity5 with and without @entity3 . Differences were observed in the expression of about 400 proteins. Among them, 105 biomarker candidates which were predicted to be membrane proteins and extracellular proteins by gene ontology analysis were quantitated using SRM/MRM. As a result, we could confirm differences in the expressions of 69 of these proteins using the same set of @entity1 samples as discovery experiments, and this was subsequently verified in an independent set of samples. Significant differences were observed in the expression of 44 of these proteins. Moreover, some of the biomarker candidates were detected and quantitated in the serum of @entity14 @entity1 . These biomarker candidates are promising diagnostic tools on investigating the development and progression of @entity14 .
