Risk factors for XXXX : a case-control study.

@entity1 @entity3166 @entity39 @entity344 @entity3257
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare demographic and clinical events in three groups of preterm neonates: those with @entity3166 ( @entity3166 ), those with @entity3257 ( @entity3257 ) and in preterm @entity1 without NEC. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective case-control study was conducted at Yale New Haven @entity1 's Hospital using @entity1 data from January 1991 to December 2007. Study @entity1 were less than 36 weeks of gestational age (GA) at birth, without @entity344 . Cases ( @entity3166 ) were diagnosed at operation or at autopsy with observation of >80% @entity39 of the GI tract. Two control groups were assigned: Group 1 or @entity3257 and Group II or Non-NEC. Two to four controls per case were matched to cases by GA at birth  2 weeks. Demographic and clinical data for the day of diagnosis and retrospectively up to 7 days preceding diagnosis were recorded for those with @entity3166 and NEC. Group II controls were matched for date of birth and day of life, in addition to GA at birth. RESULT: A total of 14   075 @entity1 were admitted to the Newborn Special Care Unit during the study interval. Overall 328 @entity1 (2.3%) developed NEC>= Bell's Stage II; 39 @entity1 met inclusion criteria for @entity3166 case status; 148 @entity3257 and 110 non-NEC controls were assigned. In the comparison of NEC T and @entity3257 neonates, use of breast milk was associated with decreased risk of @entity3166 , adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) of OR=0.08-0.085, P=0.03. When NEC T and non-NEC @entity1 were compared, having reached full-enteral feeds before the date of diagnosis of the matched case (adjusted OR=28.5, 95% CI of OR=2.7-299, P=0.005) and use of breast milk (adjusted OR=0.09, 95% CI of OR=0.02-0.56, P=0.01) were significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Breast milk usage was significantly associated with decreased occurrence of @entity3166 in our comparison of @entity3166 , @entity3257 and non-NEC @entity1 . Although there were some differences, the majority of demographic and clinical variables assessed were not shown to be significantly different between cases and controls. This highlights the need for more biological data in assessing risk of developing @entity3166 .
