Pre-gestational overweight in XXXX sows induces fetal vascular dysfunction and increased rate of large and small fetuses.

@entity1 @entity28 @entity10406 @entity840 @entity1854 @entity4982 @entity842 @entity8455 @entity934
UNASSIGNED: In @entity1 , @entity28 before and during pregnancy is associated with both @entity8455 and growth restriction, and long-term cardiovascular risk in the offspring. We aimed to determine whether overweighted pregnant @entity840 sows results in an increased fetal weight at term and the effects on the vascular reactivity in fetal systemic and umbilical arteries. Pregnant @entity840 were classified as control (n=4) or high weight (HWS, n=5) according to their pre-mating weight, and their fetuses extracted at 0.9 gestation (~60 days). Segments of fetal femoral and umbilical arteries were mounted in a wire myograph, where the contractile response to @entity10406 (5-125 mM), and the relaxation to @entity842 synthase-dependent agents (insulin, 10-10-10-7 and @entity934 , 10-10-10-5) and @entity842 [ @entity1854 ( @entity4982 ), 10-10-10-5] were determined. Fetuses from HWS (HWSF) were grouped according to their body weight as low (85 g) fetal weight, based on the confidence interval (76.5-84.9 g) of the control group. No HWSF were observed in the normal range. Umbilical arteries from HWSF showed a lower response to @entity10406 and insulin compared with controls, but a comparable response with @entity4982 . Conversely, femoral arteries from HWSF showed an increased response to @entity10406 and @entity934 , along with a decreased sensitivity to @entity4982 . These data show that overweight sows have altered fetal growth along gestation. Further, large and small fetuses from obese @entity840 sows showed altered vascular reactivity at umbilical and systemic vessels, which potentially associates with long-term cardiovascular risk.
