Affiliation with deviant peers among XXXX of substance dependent fathers from pre-adolescence into adolescence: associations with problem behaviors.

@entity1 @entity734 @entity159 @entity146
OBJECTIVE: Affiliation with delinquent peers has been shown to be a major risk factor for the development of antisocial and @entity734 behaviors in adolescence. However, little data are available concerning the developmental trajectories of deviant peer affiliation. METHOD: In this study, we have prospectively examined the density of deviant peers among the social networks of @entity1 of drug dependent fathers at age 10, and at 2 and 5 year follow-ups, and compared them with those of controls. Measures of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology were employed as time varying covariates, while @entity159 ( @entity159 ) was used as a time invariant covariate. A pattern mixture analysis of missing data was conducted. RESULTS: Using mixed effects models, we found significant main effects of time, group, externalizing psychopathology, and to lesser extent, @entity159 on the magnitude of affiliation with deviant peers. Greater deviant peer affiliation among the high-risk @entity1 was found at each time point. Externalizing psychopathology augmented the magnitude of deviant peer affiliation in both high-risk and comparison @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Offspring of drug dependent fathers have heightened affiliation with deviant peers from pre-adolescence through mid-adolescence. This social developmental process may be a component of the familial risk for @entity734 and @entity146 .
