Zymosan and @entity4515 activate the immune responses of XXXX -derived dendritic cells synergistically.

@entity1 @entity9135 @entity2451 @entity310 @entity9651 @entity15955 @entity4515 @entity1359 @entity3052 @entity18159 @entity6164
UNASSIGNED: Beta-glucan (b-glucan) including zymosan has been known as a super food because of its multifunctional activities, such as the enhancement of immune responses. To study the functional mechanism of b-glucan in immune stimulation, the effect of zymosan on dendritic cell (DC) was investigated by monitoring the production of @entity310 , a pro-inflammatory cytokine. DC was differentiated from @entity1 , a @entity1 @entity3052 cell line, by cytokine treatment and characterized. DC-specific cell surface markers were increased during the differentiation. Especially, @entity9651 , a b-glucan receptor, was upregulated during DC differentiation, and mediated zymosan-induced @entity310 production, which was inhibited by silencing of @entity9651 . Zymosan exhibited synergistic effect with other immune stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and @entity1359 ( @entity4515 ), a well-known @entity6164 activator. Simultaneous treatment of zymosan and @entity4515 enhanced the nuclear translocation of NF-kB subunits, @entity2451 and @entity9135 , mediating the increase of @entity310 production. Bay 11-7082, an NF-kB inhibitor, blocked morphological changes and @entity310 production induced by zymosan and/or @entity4515 treatment. Western blot analysis has showed zymosan- @entity9651 pathway mediated destructive phosphorylation of inhibitor of @entity18159 in IKK complexes, while @entity4515 - @entity6164 pathway regulated selective phosphorylation and degradation of @entity15955 . Simultaneous phosphorylation of separate IKK subunits by co-treatment of zymosan and @entity4515 resulted in cooperative activation of NF-kB and @entity310 production.
