Screening for XXXX : A Systematic Review.

@entity1 @entity1723 @entity1593 @entity6
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Prevalence rates of @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ) and @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) vary from 1.6% to 16.4% worldwide. Screening guidelines are variable and not evidence based. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review of @entity1593 in @entity1723 . METHODS: Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Studies were limited to those in English and in @entity1 . We selected longitudinal cohort studies screening for @entity1593 in @entity1723 with at least 5 years of follow-up. Screening rates, characteristics, and prevalence of biopsy-proven @entity1593 in @entity1 with @entity1723 were extracted. RESULTS: We identified 457 nonduplicate citations; 48 were selected for full-text review. Nine longitudinal cohort studies in 11   157 @entity1 and adolescents with 587 cases of biopsy-proven @entity1593 met the inclusion criteria. Median follow-up was 10 years (range: 5-18 years). The weighted pooled prevalence of @entity1593 was 5.1% (95% confidence interval: 3.1-7.4%). After excluding 41 cases with @entity1593 onset before @entity1723 , @entity1593 was diagnosed in 218 of 546 (40%) subjects within 1 year, in 55% within 2 years, and in 79% within 5 years of @entity6 duration. Two studies (478 cases) reported higher rates of @entity1593 in @entity1 aged <5 years at @entity1723 diagnosis. The duration of follow-up varied across the included studies. @entity1593 screening frequency progressively decreased with increased @entity1723 duration. CONCLUSIONS: Because most cases of @entity1593 are diagnosed within 5 years of @entity1723 diagnosis, screening should be considered at @entity1723 diagnosis and within 2 and 5 years thereafter. @entity1593 screening should be considered at other times in @entity1 with symptoms suggestive of @entity1593 . More research is required to determine the screening frequency beyond 5 years of @entity6 duration.
