Traditional XXXX Husbandry May Substantially Contribute to @entity1 Toxoplasmosis Exposure.

@entity1 @entity19 @entity468 @entity1237 @entity3204
UNASSIGNED: Raising @entity1237 in settings that are highly contaminated with oocysts of @entity3204 may contribute significantly to @entity1 exposure to this zoonotic parasite. Increasing consumption of young @entity1237 in countries where @entity1237 are frequently reared in backyards that are also homes to @entity468 (the definitive host of this parasite) elevates such concern. To date, there has been little attention to either the prevalence or genotypic characteristics of @entity3204 isolates in young ruminant food animals in Europe. Here, we estimated the prevalence of @entity3204 @entity1237 -kids raised in backyards and slaughtered for @entity1 consumption during Easter. We collected 181 paired samples of serum and diaphragm. Serum samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against @entity3204 , and muscle tissues were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction to detect @entity3204 DNA. Thirty-two diaphragm samples were also bioassayed in @entity19 , and the isolates were genotyped using microsatellite markers. The overall seroprevalence of @entity3204 infection in @entity1237 -kids was 33.1% (60/181; 95% confidence interval [CI] 26.3-40.5%), and @entity3204 DNA was found in 6.1% (11/181; 95% CI 3.1-10.6) of the diaphragm samples. We isolated the parasite from 2 of 32 @entity1237 -kids, and the @entity3204 strains belonged to genotype II. The results showed that 1/3 of 3-mo-old @entity1237 may be infected with @entity3204 , and their consumption during Easter (as barbecue) may seriously compromise food safety as a result.
