An historical perspective of multi-modality treatment for resectable XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1568 @entity137 @entity1149 @entity2 @entity900 @entity3
We examine the origins of surgical therapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy as they were applied to @entity2 in the mid-portion of this century. Surgical therapy for @entity2 started in the 1930s with pneumonectomies. The prognostic significance of nodal @entity3 was soon recognized, and surgical staging procedures became an important part of @entity1 workup. Radical radiotherapy for potential cure of @entity2 began in the 1950s with megavoltage linear accelerators. The first application of chemotherapy for @entity2 was the use of @entity1568 mustards in the 1940s. Single modality surgical therapy has become the treatment of choice for Stages I and II @entity1149 , but 50% of clinical Stage I @entity1 die of recurrent disease, and 70% of those recur outside the chest. Biologic markers may identify high risk subgroups of Stage I and II @entity1 who may benefit from adjuvant chemo- or radiotherapy. Within the last decade, several single and multi-institutional Phase II trials and two single institution Phase III trials have reported improved survival in Stage IIIA @entity1 treated with @entity900 -based neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgical resection. These trials have reported high response and resectability rates, but at a substantial @entity137 . A new standard of care for Stage IIIA disease has not been conclusively established.
