High-fat diet increases vulnerability to @entity943 by conduction disturbance via XXXX .

@entity32 @entity82 @entity28 @entity2365 @entity19 @entity2299 @entity53507 @entity591 @entity955 @entity16898 @entity943
BACKGROUND: Lifestyle-related diseases, such as @entity28 and @entity2299 are important risk factors for @entity955 ( @entity955 ). However, the underlying mechanism linking these diseases and @entity955 has not been fully investigated. METHODS: Adult male @entity19 were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or vehicle (NC) for 2months. Electrocardiography and in vivo electrophysiological study were performed. @entity19 were then sacrificed for quantification of mRNA, microRNA, and protein in atria, in addition to histological analysis. Conduction velocity (CV) in right atrium was measured by optical mapping in Langendorff perfused hearts. Cultured atrial cardiomyocytes were treated with @entity2365 with or without a specific microRNA inhibitor. Twelve hours after stimulation, cells were lysed, and subjected to analysis with qPCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: HFD @entity19 showed prolonged P wave duration, increased inducibility of sustained @entity591 , and reduced atrial CV than NC @entity19 . HFD @entity19 also showed increased expression in inflammatory cytokines, whereas fibrotic area and signals relating @entity82 were not changed. HFD @entity19 demonstrated reduced expression of @entity16898 in mRNA and protein levels, and its lateralized expression in atria. MicroRNA array analysis revealed that @entity53507 expression was up-regulated in HFD @entity19 , and luciferase assay confirmed the direct interaction between @entity53507 and @entity16898 3'UTR. In @entity2365 -stimulated atrial cardiomyocytes, @entity53507 up-regulation and @entity16898 down-regulation were observed, while expression of inflammatory cytokines was not altered. Inhibition of @entity53507 with antisense oligonucleotides reversed the alteration caused by @entity2365 stimulation. CONCLUSION: HFD may increase the vulnerability to @entity943 by down-regulation of @entity16898 via @entity53507 , rather than @entity82 , which is independent of @entity32 .
