Alemtuzumab in XXXX : Mechanism of Action and Beyond.

@entity1 @entity7638 @entity792 @entity15
Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against @entity7638 ( @entity7638 ) and is approved for the therapy of relapsing-remitting @entity15 . The application of alemtuzumab leads to a rapid, but long-lasting depletion predominantly of @entity7638 -bearing B and T cells with reprogramming effects on immune cell composition resulting in the restoration of tolerogenic networks. Alemtuzumab has proven high efficacy in clinical phase II and III trials, where interferon b-1a was used as active comparator. However, alemtuzumab is associated with frequent and considerable risks. Most importantly secondary @entity792 affects 30%-40% of @entity1 , predominantly impairing thyroid function. Extensive monitoring and early intervention allow for an appropriate risk management. However, new and reliable biomarkers for individual risk stratification and treatment response to improve @entity1 selection and therapy guidance are a significant unmet need. Only a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action (MOA) will reveal such markers, maximizing the best potential risk-benefit ratio for the individual @entity1 . This review provides and analyses the current knowledge on the MOA of alemtuzumab. Most recent data on efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab are presented and future research opportunities are discussed.
