Persistent Sleep Disturbances Independently Predict Poorer Functional and Social Outcomes 1 Year After Mild XXXX .

@entity1 @entity131 @entity542 @entity458 @entity25 @entity130
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of @entity25 on functional and social outcomes after mild @entity131 . SETTING: Outpatient @entity131 clinic in a tertiary @entity130 center. @entity1 : A total of 374 mild @entity131 @entity1 were assessed within 3 months of injury and followed up every 3 months for 1 year. DESIGN: Analysis of a historical cohort in a naturalistic clinical setting. MAIN MEASURES: At each visit, symptoms of concussion and @entity458 and indices of functional and social outcomes were measured with the Rivermead Postconcussion Questionnaire, 28-item General Health Questionnaire, and @entity542 Follow-up Questionnaire, respectively. Changes in outcome scores over time were explored using repeated measures analysis of variance and compared between subjects with persistent (SD) and recovered (SR) @entity25 . Predictors of functional/social outcome were determined using linear regression. RESULTS: The percentages of subjects reporting @entity25 at each time point were 71.9%, 57.2%, 55.1%, and 53.7%, respectively. For functional and social outcomes, significant effects of time (F3,315 = 9.54; P < .001), group (SD vs SR) F1,317 = 5.32; P = .022, and time X group interaction F3,315 = 4.14; P = .007 were found. Persistent @entity25 (P = 0.011) and higher symptom burden at 6 months postinjury (P < .0001) were independent predictors of poorer outcome. CONCLUSION: Sleep disturbance, independent of @entity458 , is an important prognostic factor of functional and social outcomes after mild @entity131 .
