Energy metabolism of XXXX gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata L.

@entity3534 @entity3265 @entity1674 @entity1735 @entity1378 @entity412 @entity880 @entity3689 @entity413 @entity6143
Thyroid hormones, in particular @entity6143 or T3, are involved in multiple physiological processes in mammals such as protein, fat and @entity1735 metabolism. However, the metabolic actions of T3 in fish are still not fully elucidated. We therefore tested the effects of T3 on Sparus aurata energy metabolism and osmoregulatory system, a @entity1378 -induced model that was chosen. Fish were implanted with coconut oil depots (containing 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 gT3/g body weight) and sampled at day 3 and 6 post-implantation. Plasma levels of free T3 as well as @entity413 , @entity880 and @entity412 values increased with increasing doses of T3 at days 3 and 6 post-implantation. Changes in plasma and organ metabolite levels ( @entity413 , glycogen, @entity1674 , @entity880 and total a @entity3689 ) and enzyme activities related to @entity1735 , @entity880 , @entity3689 and lipid pathways were detected in organs involved in metabolism (liver) and osmoregulation (gills and kidney). Our data implicate that the liver uses @entity3534 as an energy source in response to the T3 treatment, increasing protein catabolism and gluconeogenic pathways. The gills, the most important extruder of @entity3265 , are fuelled not only by @entity3534 , but also by @entity880 . The kidney differs significantly in its substrate preference from the gills, as it obtained metabolic energy from @entity880 but also from lipid oxidation processes. We conclude that in S. aurata lipid catabolism and protein turnover are increased as a consequence of experimentally induced @entity1378 , with secondary osmoregulatory effects.
