Graded Resistance Exercise And Type 2 XXXX in Older adults (The GREAT2DO study): methods and baseline cohort characteristics of a randomized controlled trial.

@entity2175 @entity1 @entity6 @entity209 @entity413
BACKGROUND: @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) is projected to affect 439 million @entity1 by 2030. Medical management focuses on controlling blood @entity413 levels pharmacologically in a disease that is closely related to lifestyle factors such as diet and inactivity. Physical activity guidelines include aerobic exercise at intensities or volumes potentially unreachable for older adults limited by many co-morbidities. We aim to show for the first time the efficacy of a novel exercise modality, power training (high-velocity, high-intensity progressive resistance training or PRT), in older adults with @entity2175 as a means for improving glycemic control and targeting many associated metabolic and physiological outcomes. Eligibility criteria included community-dwelling @entity1 and @entity1 previously diagnosed with @entity2175 who met the current @entity209 according to the International @entity6 Federation. @entity1 were randomized to a fully supervised power training intervention or sham exercise control group for 12  months. Intervention group @entity1 performed whole body machine-based power training at 80%1RM, 3  days per week. The control group undertook the same volume of non-progressive, low-intensity training. @entity1 were assessed at baseline, 6  months and 12  months and followed for a further 5  years, during which time @entity1 were advised to exercise at moderate-high intensity. Glycemic control (HbA1c) and insulin resistance as measured by the homeostatic model assessment 2 (HOMA2-IR) were the primary outcomes of the trial. Outcome assessors were blinded to group assignment and @entity1 were blinded to the investigators' hypothesis regarding the most effective intervention. RESULTS: We recruited 103 @entity1 (48.5  % @entity1 , 71.6        5.6  years). @entity1 had 5.1        1.8 chronic diseases, had been diagnosed with @entity2175 for 8        6  years and had a body mass index (BMI) of 31.6        4.0  kg/m(2). Fasting @entity413 and insulin were 7.3        2.4  mmol/L and 10.6        6.3  mU/L, respectively. HbA1c was 54        12  mmol/mol. Eighty-six @entity1 completed the 12-month assessment and follow-up is ongoing. This cohort had a lower-than-expected dropout (n   =   14, 14  %) over the 12-month intervention period. CONCLUSIONS: Power training may be a feasible adjunctive therapy for improving glycemic control for the growing epidemic of @entity2175 in older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12606000436572 (24 September 2006).
