Upper and lower @entity293 : XXXX 's role in managing surgical complications.

@entity1 @entity4509 @entity581 @entity204 @entity2259 @entity293
Approximately one out of every 40 @entity1 admitted to United States hospitals each year acquires a @entity293 while hospitalized. Urologic instrumentation is the precipitating cause in 75 to 80 percent of the cases. Such infections are responsible for a mortality rate among these @entity1 that is three times the rate observed for all other hospitalized @entity1 . When associated with @entity2259 , nosocomial @entity293 can progress rapidly to an irreversible state, resulting in @entity204 in 10 percent of those @entity1 affected. Survivors are faced with escalating costs of hospital care and drug therapy. Presumptive administration of antibiotics is routinely recommended in selected types of genitourinary surgery, primarily because of the contaminated nature of the procedures, and especially advised when the surgery is likely to be followed by the placement of an indwelling urinary catheter. Quite often, the regimen for presumptive treatment of @entity293 includes aminoglycosides, such as @entity4509 , alone or in combination. The role of @entity4509 in empiric management of postoperative @entity293 is even more obvious. The fact that it has the broadest spectrum of activity compared with other @entity581 reduces the chance of therapeutic failure and results in a shorter hospital stay. In that respect, @entity4509 may effect an overall decrease in total costs of hospitalization.
