[Assessment and therapeutic possibilities in posthemorrhagic XXXX of the newborn @entity1 ].

@entity1 @entity1276 @entity548 @entity75 @entity3791 @entity1483 @entity245 @entity9737
Internal @entity1276 follows @entity548 in about 10%. Progression is directly related to the degree of @entity548 . Several studies confirmed that @entity75 may occur without an increase of intracranial pressure or head circumference. Assessment and therapeutic consequences depend entirely on sonographic and clinical criteria. In our series, 40 of 135 neonates with @entity548 developed internal @entity1276 . Therapy was necessary in 35 @entity1 , 11 died. @entity9737 were the most frequent therapeutic approach in 70% of the @entity1 . 40% required a shunt, usually a ventriculo-peritoneal system. In this group the proportion of Grade III and IV @entity548 was high. In 25% external drainage for one week was necessary. 10% were treated with @entity3791 and @entity1483 . By this therapy shunt placement could be avoided in 9 @entity1 (69.2%), in the group with @entity548 . In addition it was possible to postpone shunting to the third month on the average. 25 @entity1 were followed-up. 40% were normal or had a mild @entity245 . 60% were seriously handicapped. Poor neurodevelopmental outcome was related directly to @entity548 Grade III and IV, therefore to @entity75 in the early phase. To prevent additional lesions it should be emphasized that in infantile @entity1276 best long-term results have been obtained if the process was controlled early rather than later.
