Validation of Chinese and English versions of the Holistic Well-being Scale in XXXX with @entity5 .

@entity1 @entity5 @entity14962 @entity308
OBJECTIVE: The study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the @entity14962 ( @entity14962 ), a new instrument developed on the Eastern concepts of affliction, and equanimity in a new sample involving @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 300 @entity1 with @entity5 in Singapore. The @entity1 completed the @entity14962 , WHO-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5), and @entity308 ( @entity308 ). Thirty-two @entity1 participated in the 2-week retest. RESULTS: Mixed findings were obtained from the original seven-factor model in our sample: six factors had acceptable internal reliabilities (Cronbach's a; range, 0.657-0.809), and construct validities were partially supported. Factor analysis suggested three factors: Blissful-self (a   =   0.874), Disturbed-self (a   =   0.885) and Embittered-others (a   =   0.709). The novel factors demonstrated good test-retest reliability (ICC; range, 0.894-0.930) and construct validities, which were shown by significant correlations with @entity308 and WHO-5 in the predicted directions. CONCLUSIONS: The present study is the first step taken to validate a scale that is essential in the development of culturally appropriate psychosocial interventions to support and promote personal well-being of @entity5 @entity1 . The findings suggest that the three-factor model may be more applicable to the Singapore context, but it does not necessarily invalidate the original @entity14962 . The results were discussed in terms of the meaning of the original @entity14962 factors and cultural differences in coping behaviors between Singapore and Hong Kong, though both are Asian countries. The @entity14962 could be further tested in other Asian populations as achieving holistic well-being is a common goal for @entity1 in many cultures.
