Cytokine/chemokine transcript profiles reflect mucosal inflammation in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity3334 @entity63 @entity1356 @entity7966 @entity310 @entity31 @entity11603 @entity29 @entity1960 @entity134 @entity379 @entity10149 @entity687 @entity30 @entity4452
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Immunoregulatory properties of cytokines may contribute to pathological immune reactions in @entity29 . There is an urgent need for a simple and dependable means for quantitating inflammatory activity in mucosal biopsies and assessing relapse risk particularly in @entity1 with active @entity30 ( @entity30 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Cytokine and chemokine transcripts were quantified using real-time PCR in mucosal biopsy specimens from 70 @entity1 with active @entity29 ( @entity30 , n=45; @entity31 n=25) and 16 @entity1 with specific @entity1960 ( @entity63 , @entity1960 ). Controls were 12 @entity1 with noninflammatory conditions. @entity30 @entity1 with @entity134 -induced remission (n=20) were followed for up to 12 months. RESULTS: Compared to not-inflamed mucosa the vast majority of active @entity30 tissue samples expressed significantly elevated transcript levels of @entity1356 , @entity687 , @entity4452 , @entity7966 , @entity10149 , and @entity3334 . Moreover, increased cytokine transcript levels were detected in both active @entity31 and specific @entity1960 . Importantly, @entity310 , @entity379 , @entity11603 , and @entity4452 transcripts increased in active @entity30 only. Transcript levels ( @entity7966 , @entity687 , @entity3334 , @entity10149 ) were correlated with clinical disease activity (CDAI) and endoscopic scoring indices. Medical treatment induced stable remission in 14 of 20 @entity1 which was paralleled by a reduction in increased transcript levels. All six @entity1 without normalization of @entity10149 , @entity7966 , @entity310 , and @entity1356 transcripts developed an early relapse (n=5) or chronic activity (n=1) during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Elevated proinflammatory cytokine transcripts in active @entity30 may underlie disease reactivation and chronicity. Real-time PCR quantification is a simple and objective method for grading inflammation of intestinal mucosa and may be useful in identifying @entity1 who would benefit from anti-inflammatory remission maintenance.
