Evaluation of mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of neem (Azadirachta indica) seed oil in the in vitro Ames XXXX /microsome assay and in vivo @entity19 bone marrow micronucleus test.

@entity2491 @entity3653 @entity19 @entity5 @entity1138 @entity3733 @entity1139 @entity14774 @entity106 @entity35
AIM OF THE STUDY: The possible mutagenic and antimutagenic activity of neem oil (NO) and its @entity3733 extract (NDE) were, examined in the Ames @entity2491 /microsome mutagenicity test and the @entity19 bone marrow micronucleus assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight different strains of @entity2491 were, used to study the genotoxicity of neem oil both in the presence and absence of @entity14774 induced @entity35 liver homogenate (S9). Two-dose treatment protocol was, employed to study the cytogenetic activity in micronucleus assay. Similarly, the antimutagenic activity of neem oil and NDE was studied against @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) and @entity3653 ( @entity106 ) in the above two test systems. RESULTS: Neem oil was non-mutagenic in all the eight tester strains of @entity2491 both in the presence and absence of S9 mix. In the present study, there was no significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in neem oil treated groups over the negative control ( @entity3733 ) group of animals, indicating the non-clastogenic activity of neem oil in the micronucleus test. Neem oil showed good antimutagenic activity against @entity106 induced mutagenicity compared to its @entity3733 extract. However, neem oil showed comparatively less antimutagenicity against MMC in the Ames assay. In vivo anticlastogenic assays shows that neem oil exhibited better activity against @entity106 induced clastogenicity. CONCLUSION: These results indicate non-mutagenic activity of neem oil and significant antimutagenic activity of neem oil suggesting its pharmacological importance for the prevention of @entity5 .
