Success of balloon catheter dilatation as a primary or secondary procedure for XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1448 @entity1467 @entity1346
PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of lacrimal balloon catheter dilatation in treating @entity1448 ( @entity1448 ) as a primary procedure in @entity1 more than 18 months of age and in @entity1 who have failed lacrimal probing or @entity1346 intubation. DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional case series. @entity1 : Fifty-nine @entity1 , ranging in age from 15 months to 9 years (mean, 35.6 months), with 73 lacrimal systems diagnosed with @entity1448 who underwent nasolacrimal balloon catheter dilatation. Thirty-four lacrimal systems (46.5%) had no previous procedures, whereas 39 lacrimal systems (53.5%) had failed probing, @entity1346 intubation, or both. INTERVENTION: Balloon catheter dilatation was performed following standard protocol, with a simplified regimen in most @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical patency of the nasolacrimal duct after balloon dilatation was the main outcome measure and was defined as complete resolution of signs and symptoms (crusting, discharge, and increased tear meniscus). Age, inferior turbinate infracture, and @entity1467 as related to the main outcome measure were also analyzed. RESULTS: Overall, 56 of the 73 lacrimal systems (76.7%) had complete resolution of symptoms. Twenty-seven of all 34 primary balloon catheter dilatations (79.4%) remained clinically patent, whereas 29 of all 39 secondary balloon catheter dilatations (74.4%) remained clinically patent after surgery (P = 0.8165). Thirty-nine of 47 lacrimal systems (82.9%) in @entity1 older than 24 months remained clinically patent, whereas 17 of 26 lacrimal systems (65.4%) in @entity1 younger than 24 months remained clinically patent (P = 0.1573). The mean age of @entity1 with successful outcomes was 37 months, whereas the mean age of @entity1 with failed balloon catheter dilatations was 32 months (P = 0.3924). In the secondary procedure group, analysis showed that the mean age of success (32 months) was greater than the mean age of failure (18 months; P = 0.0491). Within the secondary group, 16 of 17 lacrimal systems (94.1%) older than 24 months were successful, whereas 13 of 22 lacrimal systems (59.1%) younger than 24 months were successful (P = 0.0344). CONCLUSIONS: Balloon catheter dilatation is an effective treatment for @entity1448 . In particular, balloon catheter dilatation in older @entity1 who failed previous probing is highly successful.
