Pseudoprogression in @entity1 with XXXX : Assessment by Using Volume-weighted Voxel-based Multiparametric Clustering of MR Imaging Data in an Independent Test Set.

@entity5 @entity1 @entity463 @entity353
UNASSIGNED: Purpose To validate a @entity353 ( @entity353 ) method for magnetic resonance imaging data that is designed to differentiate between pseudoprogression and early @entity5 progression (ETP) in @entity1 with @entity463 in an independent test set. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by the local institutional review board, with waiver of the need to obtain informed consent. The study @entity1 were grouped chronologically into a training set (108 @entity1 ) and a test set (54 @entity1 ). The reference standard was pathologic findings or subsequent clinical-radiologic study results. By using the optimal cutoff determined in the training set, the diagnostic performance of @entity353 was subsequently tested in the test set and was compared with that of single-parameter measurements (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], normalized cerebral blood volume [nCBV], and initial area under the time-signal intensity curve). Results Interreader agreement was highest for @entity353 (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.87-0.89). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that @entity353 performed the best as a classifier, although statistical significance was not demonstrated with respect to the nCBV in the training set. In the test set, the diagnostic accuracy of @entity353 was higher than that of any single-parameter measurements, but this trend reached significance only for the ADC. When the entire population was considered, @entity353 had significantly better diagnostic accuracy than did any single parameter (P = .003-.046 for reader 1; P = .002-.016 for reader 2). Results of fivefold cross validation confirmed the trends in both the training set and the test set. Conclusion @entity353 is a superior and more reproducible imaging biomarker than single-parameter measurements for differentiating between pseudoprogression and ETP in @entity1 with @entity463 . (  ) RSNA, 2015 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
