Upper Airway Length is Predictive of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity27 @entity2094 @entity91 @entity1224
PURPOSE: @entity2094 is a characteristic feature of the syndromic craniosynostoses and predisposes these @entity1 to developing @entity27 ( @entity27 ). The purpose of this study was to identify anatomic factors associated with @entity1224 in @entity1 with syndromic craniosynostoses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study. The authors enrolled a study sample composed of @entity1 with syndromic craniosynostoses. The predictor variables were age, gender, body mass index (BMI), syndromic diagnosis, and parameters of upper airway length and size measured on lateral cephalograms. To control for age, upper airway length was corrected for differences in @entity1 height. The outcome variable was @entity27 status (present or absent). Descriptive, bivariate, and regression statistics were computed. For all analyses, a P value less than or equal to .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The sample was composed of 50 @entity1 with a mean age of 10.3    0.6 years, 50% were @entity1 , and 24 (48%) had @entity27 . @entity1 with and without @entity27 did not differ statistically in age, gender, BMI, or syndromic diagnosis. Those with @entity27 had increased upper airway length (P  = .016), decreased posterior airway space (P  = .001), and more severe midfacial retrusion (P  = .022) compared to @entity1 without @entity27 . After adjusting for covariates, the odds ratio for @entity27 was 32.9 in @entity1 with an upper airway longer than 45.3  mm per meter of height (P  = .018), and for every 1-mm decrease in posterior airway space, the risk of @entity27 increased by 30% (P  = .022). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity91 and @entity27 have a longer upper airway, smaller posterior airway space, and more severe midfacial retrusion than those without @entity27 .
