Second XXXX and @entity286 usage.

@entity1 @entity135 @entity286 @entity5 @entity189 @entity74
OBJECTIVES: To examine the relative incidence of second @entity189 in @entity1 who continued smoking compared with those who had ceased smoking. METHODS: This is a retrospective study based on review of the Wake Forest University-Baptist Medical Center Tumor Registry for the years 1985 through 2000. Ninety-one @entity1 who had had an index @entity135 and who developed a second independent head and neck @entity5 , were identified. These cases were grouped into synchronous (different sites within 6 months) and metachronous (different site after 6 months or same site after 3 years) second @entity5 and were examined with respect to smoking history-specifically whether smoking had continued or ceased after the diagnosis of the index @entity5 . RESULTS: Of the 91 @entity1 identified with double head and @entity135 , 88 were @entity286 users. Comprising the group of 54 @entity1 with metachronous second primaries were 51 smokers-25 who had continued and 26 who had ceased @entity286 use. Of the 26 @entity1 who had quit smoking but had developed a second primary, 13 had stopped smoking even before the index primary had been diagnosed. The remaining 13 had stopped when the index primary was treated. CONCLUSIONS: A review of 91 @entity1 with double head and neck @entity5 indicate no difference in the frequency of second @entity5 developing in a group of @entity1 who continued to smoke after diagnosis of their index @entity5 relative to @entity1 who stopped smoking. This finding suggests a critical cellular level of cumulative and persistent damage. Methods to reverse this @entity74 are hypothesized to be potentially more significant than smoking cessation efforts in preventing subsequent @entity135 .
