The Osteogenic Effect of Impact-Loading and Resistance Exercise on Bone Mineral Density in Middle-Aged and Older XXXX : A Pilot Study.

@entity1 @entity79 @entity604
BACKGROUND: Regular exercise has been recommended as a potential strategy to counteract the age-related @entity604 experienced by @entity1 ; however, the optimal exercise prescription is not known. OBJECTIVE: To perform a pilot study to examine the osteogenic effect, safety and feasibility of a combined program of upper body resistance exercise and two doses of impact-loading exercise on @entity79 ( @entity79 ) of middle-aged and older @entity1 . METHODS: Forty-two community-dwelling @entity1 aged 50-74 years were randomly assigned to either an exercise program of combined upper body resistance exercise and either high-dose impact-loading (HI; 80 jumps per session) or moderate-dose impact-loading (MOD; 40 jumps per session) or a control (CON) group. The 9-month intervention involved 4 sessions each week: 2 supervised clinic-based and 2 home-based. @entity79 of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, trochanter and whole body as well as lean and fat mass were assessed at baseline and 9 months by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone turnover markers, hormone levels, physical function and muscle strength were also assessed. RESULTS: Following 9 months of training, significant differences in @entity79 among groups were found at the total hip (p = 0.010) and trochanter (p = 0.047) with @entity79 in the MOD group decreasing relative to the HI group. Although not significant, the HI group consistently preserved @entity79 , whereas @entity79 of the MOD and CON groups declined at the hip sites. Mean change for all groups at all skeletal sites was approximately within   1%. There was no change in bone turnover markers. There were no adverse events as a result of the intervention; however, overall attendance for the HI and MOD groups was 53% (clinic: 68%, home: 38%) and 65% (clinic: 74%, home: 55%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that while impact-loading exercise can be safely undertaken in middle-aged and older @entity1 , the current combined program did not elicit significant improvements in @entity79 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.
