Pseudoprogression in XXXX with @entity463 : clinical relevance despite low incidence.

@entity1 @entity463 @entity38702 @entity1349
BACKGROUND: According to the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology criteria, new enhancement within the radiation field on contrast enhanced T1-weighted images within 12 weeks after completion of radiotherapy should not qualify for progressive disease, since up to 50% of these cases may be pseudoprogression ( @entity38702 ). To validate this concept, we assessed incidence and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) of @entity1 with suspected and confirmed @entity38702 dependent on different time intervals and definitions of @entity38702 . METHODS: @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity463 and an enhancement increase of at least 25% after completion of standard radiochemotherapy at month 1, 4, 7, or 10 were eligible. Based on the development of the enhancement in follow-up examinations, @entity1 were categorized as either @entity38702 (subgrouped as complete resolution/decrease >50% and decrease <50%/stable) or true progression. RESULTS: Out of 548 @entity1 , 79 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these 79 @entity1 , 9 (11.4%) showed @entity38702 (6/45 @entity1 at 1 month, 2/17 at 4 months, 1/9 at 7 months, and 0/8 at 10 months). Complete resolution of the enhancement was found in 1, decrease >50% in 3, decrease <50% in 2, and stable enhancement in 3 @entity1 with @entity38702 . @entity1 with @entity38702 showed a significantly longer @entity1349 (P < .012). No difference in @entity1349 was found among @entity38702 subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: This series challenges the current concept of @entity38702 . Even though we could confirm a prolonged @entity1349 of @entity1 with @entity38702 , the incidence of @entity38702 was lower than reported previously and extended beyond 12 weeks.
