Early Exposure to @entity235 and Farm Animals and the Risk of XXXX .

@entity235 @entity565 @entity1 @entity748
Importance: The association between early exposure to animals and @entity565 is not clear, and previous studies have yielded contradictory results. Objective: To determine whether exposure to @entity235 and farm animals confers a risk of @entity565 . Design, Setting and @entity1 : In a nationwide cohort study, the association between early exposure to @entity235 and farm animals and the risk of @entity565 was evaluated and included all @entity1 born in Sweden from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2010 (N   =   1   011   051), using registry data on @entity235 and farm registration, @entity565 medication, diagnosis, and confounders for parents and their @entity1 . The association was assessed as the odds ratio (OR) for a current diagnosis of @entity565 at age 6 years for school-aged @entity1 and as the hazard ratio (HR) for incident @entity565 at ages 1 to 5 years for preschool-aged @entity1 . Data were analyzed from January 1, 2007, to September 30, 2012. Exposures: Living with a @entity235 or farm animal. Main Outcomes and Measures: Childhood @entity565 diagnosis and medication used. Results: Of the 1   011   051 @entity1 born during the study period, 376   638 preschool-aged (53   460 [14.2%] exposed to @entity235 and 1729 [0.5%] exposed to farm animals) and 276   298 school-aged @entity1 (22   629 [8.2%] exposed to @entity235 and 958 [0.3%] exposed to farm animals) were included in the analyses. Of these, 18   799 @entity1 (5.0%) in the preschool-aged @entity1 's cohort experienced an @entity748 event before baseline, and 28   511 cases of @entity565 and 906   071 years at risk were recorded during follow-up (incidence rate, 3.1 cases per 1000 years at risk). In the school-aged @entity1 's cohort, 11   585 @entity1 (4.2%) experienced an @entity748 event during the seventh year of life. @entity235 exposure during the first year of life was associated with a decreased risk of @entity565 in school-aged @entity1 (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.81-0.93) and in preschool-aged @entity1 3 years or older (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.99) but not in @entity1 younger than 3 years (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.07). Results were comparable when analyzing only first-born @entity1 . Farm animal exposure was associated with a reduced risk of @entity565 in both school-aged @entity1 and preschool-aged @entity1 (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.31-0.76, and HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.56-0.84), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, the data support the hypothesis that exposure to @entity235 and farm animals during the first year of life reduces the risk of @entity565 in @entity1 at age 6 years. This information might be helpful in decision making for families and physicians on the appropriateness and timing of early animal exposure.
