Larvicidal activity, inhibition effect on development, histopathological alteration and morphological aberration induced by seaweed extracts in XXXX (Diptera: Culicidae).

@entity4224 @entity6399 @entity1042 @entity3857 @entity3636 @entity230
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the larvicidal activity, inhibition effect on development, histopathological alteration and morphological aberration induced by the extracts derived from seaweeds Bryopsis pennata (B.  pennata), Sargassum binderi (S.  binderi) and Padina australis in @entity4224 (Ae. aegypti) larvae and to characterize the phytochemical components of the three seaweeds. METHODS: Larvicidal activity of the seaweeds towards the larvae of Ae. aegypti was determined according to WHO. The inhibition effect of seaweeds was assessed by determining the mortality, adult emergence rate, larval and pupa duration of the treated larvae. Histopathological effect on midgut epithelium of larvae and morphological aberration induced by the @entity1042 extracts were examined. Phytochemical analysis was done to determine the presence of alkaloids, @entity3857 , @entity230 and @entity6399 in the seaweeds. RESULTS: Chloroform partition of B.  pennata extract exhibited the strongest larvicidal activity (LC50  =  82.55   g/mL), followed by @entity1042 extract of B.  pennata (LC50  =  160.07   g/mL) and @entity3636 partition of S.  binderi extract (LC50  =  192.43   g/mL). The @entity1042 extract of S.  binderi exhibited the strongest effect on prolongation of larval period (1.5-fold longer as compared to control) and  resulted in strongest inhibition effect in adult emergence (98.67%). The histopathological study showed that larvae treated with seaweed extracts had cytopathological alteration of the midgut epithelium. The morphological observation revealed that the anal papillae and terminal spiracles of larvae were the common sites of aberrations. CONCLUSIONS: The study provided information on various effects of seaweed extracts on Ae. aegypti. Further investigation on identifying the active compounds and their mechanisms of action is recommended.
