Sex differences in orbitofrontal connectivity in male and female veterans with XXXX .

@entity15853 @entity131 @entity146
UNASSIGNED: More female soldiers are now  serving in combat theaters than at any other time. However, little is known about possible sex differences underlying the neuropathology and manifestation of one of modern war's signature injuries, @entity131 ( @entity131 ). The paucity of information regarding sex differences in @entity131 is particularly evident when examining changes in executive function and emotion regulation associated with post concussive events. The current study objective was to observe whether patterns of orbitofrontal ( @entity15853 ) functional connectivity would differ between female veterans with @entity131 and their male counterparts. The study further sought to determine whether @entity15853 connectivity might be differentially associated with clinical measures of @entity146 and hostility. Seventeen female veterans and 24 male veterans, age 18 to 25, who met criteria for @entity131 completed resting state magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical assessment measures. Imaging data were analyzed using left and right seed regions of the @entity15853 , and regression analyses were conducted to observe the relationship between resting state connectivity and self-reported @entity146 . Females and males in this study differed in @entity15853 connectivity, with females demonstrating greater connectivity between left and right @entity15853 and parietal and occipital regions and males demonstrating greater connectivity between left and right @entity15853 and frontal and temporal regions. Significant associations between resting state connectivity and clinical measures were found only in male veterans. These findings suggest that @entity131 may interact with sex-specific patterns of brain connectivity in male and female veterans and exert divergent effects on clinical profiles of @entity146 post-injury.
