Subjective Well-Being, Test Anxiety, XXXX Achievement: Testing for Reciprocal Effects.

@entity148 @entity4207
In the context of adolescents' subjective well-being (SWB), research has recently focused on a number of different school variables. The direction of the relationships between adolescents' SWB, @entity4207 achievement, and test @entity148 is, however, still open although reciprocal causation has been hypothesized. The present study set out to investigate to what extent SWB, @entity4207 achievement, and test @entity148 influence each other over time. A sample of N = 290 11th grade students (n = 138 female; age: M = 16.54 years, SD = 0.57) completed measures of SWB and test @entity148 in the time span of 1 year. Grade point average (GPA) indicated students' @entity4207 achievement. We analyzed the reciprocal relations using cross-lagged structural equation modeling. The model fit was satisfactory for all computed models. Results indicated that the worry component of test @entity148 negatively and GPA positively predicted changes in the cognitive component of SWB (life satisfaction). Worry also negatively predicted changes in the affective component of SWB. Moreover, worry negatively predicted changes in students' GPA. Directions for future research and the differential predictive influences of @entity4207 achievement and test @entity148 on adolescents' SWB are discussed with regard to potential underlying processes.
