Invading XXXX of the sphenoid ridge.

@entity1 @entity5 @entity1269 @entity75 @entity1653 @entity1358 @entity2026 @entity302 @entity17505
The authors report a series of 34 @entity1653 of the sphenoid ridge. Eight @entity5 were totally removed uneventfully: two from the middle sphenoid ridge and six from the pterion or Sylvian point. @entity5 were not operated on because of their extensions or the @entity1 's age. Twenty-one @entity5 raised serious surgical problems, resulting in a classification into three groups: deep or clinoidal, invading beyond the sphenoid wings, and a combination of both. Histological study of the @entity17505 bone showed @entity1358 in the bone in 12 of 13 cases so examined. Surgical limitations included invasion of the cavernous sinus (15 cases), of the dura mater of the sella turcica (seven cases), of the lateral part of the sphenoid body at the insertion point of the ala magna (seven cases), and of the common tendinous annulus of Zinn in the orbit (five cases), and basilar extracranial extension, particularly in the pterygomaxillary fossa (three cases). Following extensive removal, there were no early recurrences and three late recurrences (9 years and more). In 13 cases with a follow-up period of 1 to 8 years, there were no clinical recurrences. In only two cases was the @entity1653 totally removed. There were three postoperative deaths, two cases of @entity1269 with @entity2026 and @entity302 , one case with a @entity75 , and nine with slight oculomotor, visual, or esthetic sequelae.
