Relationships Between Capsular Stiffness and Clinical Features in XXXX of the Shoulder.

@entity1 @entity6 @entity2585 @entity69674 @entity158 @entity7334
BACKGROUND: Tightening and contracture of the joint capsule are hallmarks of @entity2585 of the shoulder (ACS). However, quantification of capsular stiffness and its relation to clinical features have not been investigated thoroughly. OBJECTIVES: To quantify capsular stiffness during @entity7334 ( @entity7334 ) and to investigate its relationships with @entity158 severity, symptom duration, range of motion (ROM), gender, and @entity6 status. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: University outpatient clinic of physical medicine and rehabilitation. @entity1 : A total of 107 consecutive @entity1 with ACS who underwent @entity7334 . METHODS: Pressure-volume monitoring data during @entity7334 , @entity158 severity, symptom duration, shoulder ROM, and @entity6 status were obtained by retrospective chart review. Capsular stiffness ( @entity69674 ) was measured by calculating the slope of the elastic phase in pressure-volume curves. ROM was evaluated in 3 directions (flexion, abduction, and external rotation) with a goniometer, and the sum of the 3 ROMs was calculated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Pearson correlation coefficients and comparisons of averages were used to analyze the relationships between @entity69674 and clinical features. RESULTS: The mean @entity69674 of the total group of @entity1 was 26.0    14.2 mmHg/mL. Shoulder @entity158 in motion or rest did not correlate with @entity69674 . @entity1 with stiffer capsules had smaller sums of ROMs (r = -.298, P = .002), with distinct limitations in external rotation and abduction (r = -.278, P = .004 and r = -.313, P = .001, respectively). @entity1 had significantly stiffer capsules than @entity1 (29.5    14.3 versus 20.2    12.1 mmHg/mL, P = .001). @entity6 status had no significant effect on capsular stiffness. CONCLUSIONS: Capsular stiffness of the glenohumeral joint significantly correlated with limitation in shoulder ROM, especially in the abduction and external rotation directions, whereas there were no meaningful relationships with @entity158 during motion or rest. This is the first study to reveal the relationships between in  vivo quantified capsular stiffness and shoulder ROM limitations.
