Differential effects of acute and extended infusions of glucagon-like peptide-1 on first- and second-phase insulin secretion in @entity6 and nondiabetic XXXX .

@entity1 @entity6 @entity6757 @entity8142 @entity4854 @entity413
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether an extended infusion of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 ( @entity6757 ) has a greater effect to promote insulin secretion in type 2 @entity6 subjects than acute administration of the peptide. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Nine @entity6 subjects and nine nondiabetic volunteers of similar age and weight were studied in identical protocols. First-phase insulin release (FPIR; the incremental insulin response in the first 10 min after the intravenous @entity413 bolus) and second-phase insulin release (SPIR; the incremental insulin response from 10-60 min after intravenous @entity413 ) were measured during three separate intravenous @entity413 tolerance tests (IVGTTs): 1). without @entity6757 (control); 2). with acute administration of @entity6757 as a square wave starting just before @entity413 administration; and 3). with an extended infusion of @entity6757 for 3 h before and during the IVGTT. RESULTS: In the subjects with @entity6 , FPIR was severely impaired-a defect that was only modestly improved by acute administration of @entity6757 (197 +/- 97 vs. 539 +/- 218 pmol/l. min, P < 0.05), while SPIR was substantially increased (1952 +/- 512 vs. 8072 +/- 1664 pmol/l. min, P < 0.05). In contrast, the 3-h preinfusion of @entity6757 normalized fasting @entity4854 (7.9 +/- 0.5 vs. 5.2 +/- 0.6, P < 0.05), increased FPIR by 5- to 6-fold (197 +/- 97 vs. 1141 +/- 409 pmol/l. min, P < 0.05), and augmented SPIR significantly (1952 +/- 512 vs. 4026 +/- 851 pmol/l. min, P < 0.05), but to a lesser degree than the acute administration of @entity6757 . In addition, only the 3-h @entity6757 preinfusion significantly improved intravenous @entity413 tolerance (K(g) control 0.61 +/- 0.04, acute infusion 0.71 +/- 0.04, P = NS; 3-h infusion 0.92 +/- 0.08%/min, P < 0.05). These findings were also noted in the nondiabetic subjects in whom acute administration of @entity6757 significantly increased SPIR relative to the control IVGTT (9439 +/- 2885 vs. 31553 +/- 11660 pmol/l. min, P < 0.001) with less effect on FPIR (3221 +/- 918 vs. 4917 +/- 1614 pmol/l. min, P = 0.075), while the 3-h preinfusion of @entity6757 significantly increased both FPIR (3221 +/- 918 vs. 7948 +/- 2647 pmol/l. min, P < 0.01) and SPIR (9439 +/- 2885 vs. 21997 +/- 9849 pmol/l. min, P < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Extended administration of @entity6757 not only augments @entity413 -stimulated insulin secretion, but also shifts the dynamics of the insulin response to earlier release in both @entity6 and nondiabetic @entity1 . The restitution of some FPIR in subjects with type 2 @entity6 is associated with significantly improved @entity413 tolerance. These findings demonstrate the benefits of a 3-h infusion of @entity6757 on beta-cell function beyond those of an acute insulin secretagogue, and support the development of strategies using continuous or prolonged @entity8142 agonism for treating @entity6 @entity1 .
