Acute Disseminated XXXX After Human Parechovirus Infection.

@entity1 @entity32 @entity4767 @entity17 @entity1269 @entity281 @entity1800 @entity1576 @entity1651
BACKGROUND: Acute disseminated @entity1651 (ADEM) is an inflammatory, @entity17 occurring several weeks after @entity1800 . Enteroviruses have been described as potential triggers of ADEM, but the closely related parechoviruses have not. The objective of the study is to assess the prevalence and disease presentation of ADEM after @entity281 in a syndromic surveillance program for pediatric @entity4767 (CNS). METHODS: The surveillance was conducted at the Charit   Department of Pediatrics in Berlin, Germany, from November 2010 to November 2014. All hospitalized @entity1 meeting predefined case criteria underwent highly standardized prospective clinical assessments based on the published case definitions, including for ADEM. Stool samples were independently analyzed by enterovirus and parechovirus real-time polymerase chain reaction at the Robert Koch Institute. RESULTS: Of 105,557 @entity1 screened, 774 (0.7%) fulfilled entry criteria for CNS @entity32 , with 114 cases ascertained as ADEM. Parechoviruses were detected in 2.5% of @entity1 with CNS @entity32 , including 1 case fulfilling ADEM case criteria with the highest level of diagnostic certainty. CONCLUSIONS: We report a first case of ADEM after @entity281 in a 5-year-old female presenting with @entity1269 2 weeks after a @entity1576 . Parechovirus disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of ADEM.
