XXXX in Ethiopia: problem scenarios and recommendation.

@entity1 @entity3110 @entity6371 @entity3639 @entity3109 @entity1215 @entity378
@entity378 ( @entity378 ) is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. This review is prepared to indicate possible future challenges related to @entity378 control and it includes previous reports of drug-resistant surveys in Ethiopia. Drug-resistant @entity378 , both initial and acquired, was reported from different regions of the country. In studies from 1984 to 2001, the initial resistance to isoniazid ranges from 2% to 21% and initial resistance to @entity3639 ranges from 2 to 20%. Multidrug-resistance (MDR) @entity378 defined as resistance to at least @entity3109 and @entity1215 was also reported in about 1.2% of new cases and 12% of re-treatment cases. In all studies which included @entity3110 susceptibility test, @entity3110 resistance is either nil or very low (below 0.5%). All MDR isolates were susceptible to @entity3110 . Treatment and re-treatment regimens recommended by the National @entity378 /Leprosy Control Program could be effective on all cases other than those with @entity6371 . @entity6371 is difficult to cure. Therefore, special emphasis should be given to control the spread of @entity6371 . Lack of control efforts may lead to the increased resistance to both first- and second-line drugs. A well supported and controlled special treatment unit, which uses both first-line and second-line drugs is required for a proper management of these cases and for effective control of the spread of @entity6371 . A uniform susceptibility to @entity3110 can be taken as an advantage to develop standard low-cost re-treatment regimen for @entity6371 @entity1 .
