An ornamental plant targets epigenetic signaling to XXXX stem cell-driven colon carcinogenesis.

@entity589 @entity5 @entity1836 @entity1135 @entity16719 @entity4910 @entity3546 @entity17393 @entity15738 @entity9190 @entity21124 @entity14215 @entity694
UNASSIGNED: Phytochemicals modulate key cellular signaling pathways and have proven anticancer effects. @entity17393 ( @entity17393 ; Hollyhock) is an ornamental plant with known anti-inflammatory properties. This study explored its role as an anti- @entity5 agent. The @entity17393 seed extract ( @entity17393 extract) inhibited proliferation and colony formation in a dose and time dependent manner and promoted apoptosis as was evidenced by cleavage of @entity9190 and increased expression of @entity589 accompanying reduced levels of @entity1836 protein in HCT116 and SW480 cells, respectively. In addition, @entity17393 extract arrested cells at Go/G1 phase of cell cycle and exhibited decreases in @entity4910 . @entity17393 extract-treated cells exhibited reduced number and size of colonospheres in a dose-dependent manner concomitant with decreases in @entity5 stem cell (CSC) markers @entity14215 and @entity15738 . Relative levels of @entity3546 , Notch-ICD, @entity1135 and @entity16719 were also attenuated by @entity17393 extract. TOP-flash reporter activity, a measure of Wnt signaling, decreased significantly in response to treatment while overexpression of wild type but not mutant @entity16719 , reversed the inhibitory effects. Moreover, @entity21124 (a Wnt antagonist) promoter activity increased dramatically following treatment with @entity17393 extract which phenocopied increases in @entity21124 reporter activity following @entity16719 knockdown. In vivo, @entity17393 extract @entity5 growth due probably to reduced levels of @entity16719 , @entity3546 , @entity4910 and Ki-67 along with reduced levels of CSC markers. Since partial purification via HPLC yielded a prominent peak, efforts are underway to identify the active ingredient(s). Taken together, the results clearly suggest that @entity17393 extract/active component(s) can be an effective preventative/therapeutic agent to target @entity694 .
