XXXX : CT and MR imaging findings with anatomic and pathologic diagnostic clues.

@entity5 @entity8678
@entity8678 are a rare but diverse group of benign and @entity5 that arise within the retroperitoneal space but outside the major organs in this space. Although computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can demonstrate important characteristics of these @entity5 , diagnosis is often challenging for radiologists. Diagnostic challenges include precise localization of the lesion, determination of the extent of invasion, and characterization of the specific pathologic type. The first step is to determine whether the @entity5 is located within the retroperitoneal space. Displacement of normal anatomic structures of the retroperitoneum is helpful in this regard. For @entity5 that are located within the retroperitoneum, the next step is to identify the organ of origin. Specific signs, including the "beak sign," the "embedded organ sign," and the "phantom (invisible) organ sign," are useful for this purpose. When there is no definite sign that suggests the organ of origin, the diagnosis of a primary @entity5 becomes likely. Awareness of specific patterns of spread, specific @entity5 components, and @entity5 vascularity help in further narrowing the differential diagnosis. Attention to these diagnostic clues is essential in making an accurate radiologic diagnosis of @entity5 and in obtaining clinically significant information.
