Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter by ultrasound: a means of detecting acute @entity428 in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1276 @entity428
AIM: To evaluate the utility of measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter in @entity1 with shunted @entity1276 , suspected of having @entity428 . METHODS: 23 @entity1 with shunted @entity1276 were examined, six had well controlled ICP, 17 however manifested symptoms suggestive of @entity428 . A clinical history was taken from all @entity1 and their parents or carers. The shunt valve was examined clinically, and signs of @entity428 were sought. Ultrasound examination was performed in both eyes to measure the optic nerve sheath diameters 3 mm behind the globe. These measurements were compared with control data obtained from 102 @entity1 who attended the radiology department for unrelated renal ultrasound examination. RESULTS: Control data suggested that the upper limit of normal for optic nerve sheath diameter is 4.5 mm (measured 3 mm behind the globe) in @entity1 over 1 year of age, and 4.0 mm in @entity1 less than 1 year of age. Those @entity1 with functioning ventriculoperitoneal shunts had a mean optic nerve sheath diameter of 2.9 (SD 0.5) mm; those with @entity428 had a mean optic nerve sheath diameter of 5.6 (0.6) mm (p<0.0001). These results confirm that optic nerve sheath diameters in excess of the control data are strongly suggestive of @entity428 . CONCLUSION: The evaluation of the optic nerve sheath diameter is a simple non-invasive procedure, which is a potentially useful tool in the assessment and monitoring of @entity1 with @entity1276 suspected of having @entity428 .
