Associations between late and moderately XXXX and smoking, @entity285 , drug use and diet: a population-based case-cohort study.

@entity1 @entity285 @entity600
OBJECTIVE: This study explores the associations between lifestyle factors and late and moderate @entity600 (LMPT: 32(+0)-36(+6) weeks' gestation), a relatively under-researched group. STUDY DESIGN: A population-based case-cohort study was undertaken involving 922 LMPT and 965 term (37+ weeks' gestation) singleton live and stillbirths born between 1 September 2009 and 31 December 2010 to @entity1 residing in Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire, UK. Poisson multivariable regression models were fitted to estimate relative risks (RR) of LMPT birth associated with maternal smoking, @entity285 and recreational drug use, and diet. RESULTS: @entity1 who smoked during pregnancy were at 38% increased risk of LMPT birth compared with non-smokers (RR 1.38, 95% CI (1.04 to 1.84)). Low consumption of fruit and vegetables was associated with a 31% increased risk compared with those who reported eating higher consumption levels (RR 1.31 (1.03 to 1.66)). @entity1 who did not have any aspects of a Mediterranean diet were nearly twice as likely to deliver LMPT compared with those whose diet included more Mediterranean characteristics (RR 1.81 (1.04 to 3.14)). @entity1 who smoked and consumed low levels of fruit and vegetables (5% of @entity1 ) were at particularly high risk (RR=1.81 (1.29 to 2.55)). There was no significant effect of @entity285 or recreational drug use on LMPT birth. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking and poor diet during pregnancy, factors that strongly impact on @entity600 , are also important at later gestations and experienced together are associated with an elevated rate of risk. Our findings suggest early cessation of smoking during pregnancy may be an effective strategy to reduce LMPT births.
