History of the synthesis and pharmacology of XXXX .

@entity859 @entity3763 @entity6 @entity9598 @entity8370 @entity3362 @entity3542 @entity73189 @entity53955 @entity951 @entity13507 @entity3363 @entity8371
A major research program in the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, in the 1930s was the preparation of a large number of @entity8370 and their anhydrides as substitute @entity3363 for @entity6 diets. As an outgrowth of this work, many of these polyols were converted to their @entity53955 and investigated for their vasodilating properties. The organic @entity3362 that were synthesized were examined for their potency, duration of action, and possible therapeutic use. It was demonstrated that, contrary to prior belief, the @entity9598 and vasodilating action was exhibited by their own molecular structure and not through hydrolysis and reduction to @entity3542 . The search for the finer mechanism(s) of action on the vascular musculature showed that these nitrated @entity8371 and their anhydrides inhibited arterial @entity859 triphosphatase, although this enzyme inhibition did not correlate with pharmacologic activity. Today the mechanism of action of these drugs is not clearly understood at the cellular level. The @entity73189 ( @entity3763 ) was synthesized, studied, and reported in 1940. It appeared to be a useful drug because blood levels of the unhydrolyzed @entity13507 were found to persist for long periods of time. Subsequent clinical studies in the 1960s demonstrated its prophylactic value in @entity951 and its prolonged action as a therapeutic asset. In 1967 the mononitrate was shown to be formed in vivo when the dinitrate was administered orally and has been studied as the possible pharmacodynamically active moiety.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
