Invasive @entity364 in lung transplantation: role of aerosolised XXXX .

@entity1 @entity8 @entity12457 @entity2379 @entity30392 @entity364 @entity358 @entity3 @entity6743 @entity11015
Immunocompromised @entity1 , especially @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, have a high morbidity and mortality rate as a result of invasive @entity364 (IFIs). Therefore, effective and correct prophylaxis of these IFIs continues to be an important issue in these @entity1 populations. @entity364 in the lung are most often due to Aspergillus spp., but other non-Aspergillus moulds such as Mucor spp. can also cause @entity358 . Lung transplant recipients have the highest incidence of @entity3 of all @entity8 @entity1 . Prophylaxis should consider the risk factors affecting each group of @entity1 . As the lung is the target organ of most @entity364 due to moulds, aerosolised antifungal prophylaxis has been potentially considered to be a safe and effective strategy. Administration of a nebulised antibiotic achieves high local concentration of the drug, avoiding undesirable systemic effects and drug interactions. The use of aerosolised @entity2379 ( @entity11015 ) as prophylaxis or co-adjuvant treatment for @entity12457 has been reported in several groups of immunosuppressed @entity1 . Lipid formulations of @entity11015 penetrate the lung better and have a longer half-life than @entity30392 (ABD). Prophylaxis with aerosolised lipid-based @entity11015 products has several advantages over ABD: it can be administered at much longer intervals and is equally effective and better tolerated. Although several studies have been published using aerosolised @entity11015 both as @entity6743 and lipid formulations, available data remain inconclusive owing a lack of standardisation of administration procedures and doses.
