Isolated Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Bone Lesion in Pediatric XXXX : Systematic Review and Treatment Algorithm.

@entity1 @entity79 @entity158 @entity479
OBJECTIVE: The present study reviewed all cases reported of isolated @entity79 in the head and neck of pediatric @entity1 . The objective was to create a treatment algorithm to facilitate the diagnosis and management of these lesions. DATA SOURCES: Eligible articles were identified through a comprehensive search of the following electronic databases: PubMed, Ovid Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library. REVIEW METHODS: Two authors independently reviewed the titles and abstracts retrieved by the electronic search concordant with the criteria for study eligibility. The lists of articles from each author were jointly reviewed and a common list created. All relevant articles were reviewed in hard copies and as full texts to justify inclusion. RESULTS: A total of 201 @entity1 (67% male, mean age: 8.1    4.3 years) were included from 45 studies. Clinical presentations included swelling (64%), @entity158 (9%), or both (18%). The skull (61%) and the orbit (24%) were the most common location for isolated @entity79 in the head and neck. The most frequently documented management option was resection, followed by observation, chemotherapy, and intralesional @entity479 injection. CONCLUSIONS: Due to its rarity and variability in presentation and severity, treatment of these lesions has yet to be standardized. Based on the review, a diagnosis and treatment algorithm was created for head and neck surgeons when encountering these types of lesions.
