Anti-inflammatory actions of XXXX .

@entity32 @entity13437 @entity2047 @entity19 @entity29 @entity1960 @entity13436 @entity636 @entity10776 @entity1995 @entity4357
Chronic inflammatory T-cell-mediated diseases such as @entity29 ( @entity29 ) are often treated with immunosuppressants including corticosteroids. In addition to the intended T-cell suppression, these farmacons give rise to many side effects. Recently, immunosuppressive phospholipids have been proposed as less-toxic alternatives. We aimed to investigate the immunoregulatory capacities of the naturally occurring phospholipid @entity4357 (PI). Systemic PI treatment dramatically reduced disease severity and @entity32 in @entity19 @entity10776 ( @entity10776 ) @entity1960 . Moreover, PI treatment inhibited the inflammatory T-cell response in these @entity19 , as T cells derived from colon-draining LN of PI-treated @entity19 secreted less @entity636 and IFN-y upon polyclonal restimulation when compared to those of saline-treated @entity19 . Further characterization of the suppressive capacity of PI revealed that the phospholipid suppressed Th cell differentiation in vitro irrespective of their cytokine profile by inhibiting proliferation and @entity2047 release. In particular, PI diminished @entity2047 mRNA expression and inhibited @entity13437 -, @entity13436 -, @entity1995 - and JNK-phosphorylation. Crucially, PI did not ablate Treg differentiation or the antigen-presenting capacity of DCs in vitro. These data validate PI as a pluripotent inhibitor that can be applied mucosally as well as systemically. Its compelling functions render PI a promising novel physiological immune suppressant.
