Transcranial magnetic stimulation potentiates glutamatergic neurotransmission in XXXX adolescents.

@entity308 @entity3264
UNASSIGNED: Abnormalities in @entity3264 neurotransmission may have a role in the pathophysiology of adolescent @entity308 . The present pilot study examined changes in cortical @entity3264 / @entity3264 ratios in @entity308 adolescents receiving high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Ten adolescents with treatment-refractory major @entity308 received up to 30 sessions of 10-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation at 120% motor threshold with 3000 pulses per session applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Baseline, posttreatment, and 6-month follow-up proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy scans of the anterior cingulate cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were collected at 3T with 8-cm(3) voxels. @entity3264 metabolites were quantified with 2 distinct proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy sequences in each brain region. After repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and at 6 months of follow-up, @entity3264 / @entity3264 ratios increased in the anterior cingulate cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with both measurements. The increase in the @entity3264 / @entity3264 ratio reached statistical significance with the TE-optimized PRESS sequence in the anterior cingulate cortex. @entity3264 / @entity3264 ratios increased in conjunction with depressive symptom improvement. This reached statistical significance with the TE-optimized PRESS sequence in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may modulate @entity3264 neurochemistry in @entity308 adolescents.
