[ XXXX in the ophthalmologic automobile driving fitness verdict].

@entity1 @entity940 @entity227 @entity9529 @entity346
BACKGROUND: A driver with @entity9529 ( @entity9529 ) is supposed to have a certain minimum @entity227 and a minimum velocity of reading, with the head directed straight ahead or 10 degrees laterally. The ability to perform different oculomotor tasks depends, however, on individual properties of @entity346 and compensatory mechanisms, as is demonstrated in 4 cases. METHODS: Detailed electrooculographic (EOG) recordings were performed in 4 @entity9529 @entity1 , in addition to the examination of visual functions. RESULTS: The @entity227 of @entity1 1 is sufficient (0.6 on both eyes), yet his retinal image is intermittently destabilized by a periodic alternating @entity346 . Case 2 with high myopic @entity940 and severely reduced @entity227 (right eye: finger counting; left eye: 0.2) compensates for his vertical @entity346 by head nodding and for his manifest-latent horizontal @entity346 by a head turn. The optimal @entity227 of @entity1 3 (horizontal @entity346 ) is 0.3, with an oblique head position and convergence. In other head and gaze positions he has a @entity346 in the direction of gaze. @entity1 4, with a high myopic @entity940 , microstrabism and manifest-latent fixational @entity346 , has a @entity227 between 0.2 and 0.3 in both eyes. He had been a licensed professional car driver, in spite of contradicting national and international criteria: but his license was refused later. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity9529 , the influence of head and gaze position, monocular fixation, convergence and self or object motion on @entity346 intensity and wave forms could be important for driving, because it might influence @entity227 and motion perception. The latter hypothesis still has to be proven in further studies, performed under conditions relevant for traffic.
