Association between transfusion of whole blood and recurrence of XXXX .

@entity1 @entity204 @entity263 @entity5
Transfusion affects the immune response to renal transplantation and may be associated with recurrence of various @entity1 @entity5 . Data from @entity1 with @entity263 showed an association between transfusion of any amount of whole blood or larger amounts of red blood cells at the time of surgery and later recurrence of @entity5 . Recipients of one unit of whole blood had a significantly higher incidence of recurrence (45%) than recipients of a single unit of red cells (12%) (p = 0.03). Recipients of two units of whole blood also had a higher rate of recurrence (52%) than those receiving two units of red cells (23%) (p = 0.03). Recipients of any amount of whole blood had similar recurrence rates (38-52%). Recipients of four or more units of red blood cells had a higher rate of recurrence (55%) than those receiving three or fewer units of red blood cells (20%) (p = 0.005). Mortality due to @entity5 in @entity1 receiving three or fewer units of red blood cells (2%) was similar to that in @entity1 who did not have transfusions (7%) and significantly lower than that observed in @entity1 receiving three or fewer units of whole blood (20%) (p = 0.003). A proportional hazards risk analysis showed that transfusion of any whole blood or more than three units of red blood cells was significantly associated with earlier recurrence and @entity204 due to @entity5 . These data support an association between transfusion and recurrence of @entity5 . They also suggest that some factor present in greater amounts in whole blood, such as plasma, may contribute to the increased risk of recurrence in @entity1 who have undergone transfusion. Until the questions raised by retrospective studies of @entity5 recurrence and transfusion can be answered by prospective interventional trials with washed red blood cells, red blood cells should be transfused to @entity1 with @entity5 in preference to whole blood when clinically feasible.
