Videofluoroscopic Predictors of Penetration-Aspiration in XXXX @entity1 .

@entity1 @entity1282 @entity191
UNASSIGNED: @entity191 ( @entity191 ) @entity1 show a high prevalence of @entity1282 and tracheal aspiration of food. The videofluoroscopic study of swallowing (VFSS) allows clinicians to visualize the visuoperceptual and temporal parameters associated with @entity1282 in an attempt to predict aspiration risk. However, this subject remains understudied in @entity191 populations. Our aim was to identify the predictors of penetration-aspiration in @entity191 @entity1 using the VFSS. Consecutive @entity1 were evaluated using VFSS with different consistencies and volumes of food. A speech-language pathologist measured the type of intra-oral bolus organization, loss of bolus control, bolus location at the initiation of the pharyngeal swallow, the presence of multiple swallows, @entity1282 , bolus residue in the pharyngeal recesses and temporal measures. Scores  >= 3 on the penetration-aspiration scale (PAS) indicated the occurrence of penetration-aspiration. Using logistic marginal regression, we found that residue in the vallecula, residue in the upper esophageal sphincter and @entity1282 were associated with penetration-aspiration (odds ratio (OR)  =  4.09, 2.87 and 3.83; P  =  0.0040, 0.0071 and 0.0009, respectively). Penetration/aspiration occurred only with fluids (both of thin and thick consistency), and no significant differences were observed between fluid types or food volumes. The mechanisms underlying @entity1282 and penetration/aspiration in @entity191 @entity1 and indications for further studies are discussed.
