Mouthrinses with XXXX : cytotoxic effects on @entity1 gingival fibroblasts in vitro.

@entity167 @entity1 @entity11968 @entity3094
BACKGROUND: Mouthrinses are widely utilized in daily oral and dental hygiene to control plaque. However, most commercially available mouthrinses contain @entity167 as an excipient. Most studies have focused on the clinical side effects related to the alcoholic fraction of mouthrinses, overlooking @entity167 metabolism in the mouth. Due to this oral enzymatic process, the well-recognized toxic compound @entity3094 is emitted in the mouth. Since gingival fibroblasts play a key role in oral connective tissue health maintenance, we investigated the effects of different doses of @entity3094 on @entity1 gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in order to better define the effects of @entity167 -containing mouthrinses on oral tissue. METHODS: Cultured HGFs were exposed to different concentrations of @entity3094 (10(-4) M to 10(-2) M). The cell adhesion rate was measured after a 3-hour incubation period, and cell viability over a 5-day period. In order to assess the reversibility of the damage produced by @entity3094 , treatment was interrupted at critical doses (10(-3) M and 3 x 10(-3) M), and cell viability was evaluated on the third and fifth day of incubation. The @entity11968 cytoskeleton was studied by immunocytochemical technique, and internal cell structures were observed with transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the morphological changes due to @entity3094 . RESULTS: The results showed that @entity3094 produced a dose- and time-dependent inhibition on cell adhesion and viability, together with disruption of cytoskeletal structures and cytoplasmic organelles. Nevertheless, these quantitative and qualitative damages were reversible when the treatment was interrupted. CONCLUSIONS: Although more knowledge is necessary, our results suggest that these deleterious effects may also occur in vivo. Pending further investigations, clinicians should be alerted to the potentially adverse effect of @entity167 -containing mouthrinses and, to promote oral health, @entity1 should be warned about improper use of these products.
