XXXX and its hemodynamic response--findings invasively determined over a period of 20 years.

@entity1 @entity8 @entity64 @entity296 @entity417 @entity712 @entity583 @entity455 @entity5507 @entity177 @entity453
Among the @entity5507 -associated risk factor, which can be influenced today, @entity417 is considered most relevant because it induces functional and organic alterations of cardiac/circulatory function. Research concerning influence of the @entity417 on the pulmonary hemodynamic and cardiac output (CO) in pre-uremic @entity1 are not available up to now. Cardiac and circulatory function of 52 @entity1 were examined before initiation of dialysis therapy using a Swan-Ganz thermodilution catheter. After excluding @entity1 with impaired cardiac pump function the results of 31 of the 52 @entity1 could be analyzed. They were divided into two groups (Hb > resp. < 7.0 g/dl): in @entity1 with severe @entity417 (Hb 5.7 +/- 0.6 g/dl; n = 7) cardiac index was higher (4.8 +/- 0.4 1/min/m2 < 0.01) compared with the other group (Hb 9.8 +/- 1.7 g/dl; n = 24; CI 3.9 +/- 1.1 1min/m2). The increase of cardiac index caused by @entity417 correlated with increased @entity64 volume and heart rate and lowered pulmonary and peripheral resistance. @entity1 with severe @entity417 showed a tendency to an impaired cardiac index below Hb < 5-6 g/dl. The hypercirculation did not cause an increase of the pulmonary arterial and pulmonary wedge pressure. Particularly in the case of already existing @entity296 and @entity453 the presence of @entity417 and @entity177 leads to a highly increased morbidity and mortality. This " @entity8 " is responsible for frequent @entity712 . Disturbances of cardiac/circulatory function are observed in pre-uremic @entity1 three times more frequently than in @entity1 after @entity583 . Early correction of @entity417 seems to reduce the risk of @entity455 and to improve the quality of life and the prognosis of pre-uremic @entity1 .
