Sleep restriction increases free fatty acids in healthy XXXX .

@entity1 @entity844 @entity6 @entity2124 @entity413 @entity164 @entity701 @entity209 @entity1720 @entity1063 @entity25
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Sleep loss is associated with insulin resistance and an increased risk for @entity164 2 @entity6 , yet underlying mechanisms are not understood. Elevation of circulating non-esterified (i.e. free) @entity844 (NEFA) concentrations can lead to insulin resistance and plays a central role in the development of @entity209 . Circulating NEFA in healthy individuals shows a marked diurnal variation with maximum levels occurring at night, yet the impact of @entity25 on NEFA levels across the 24 h cycle remains unknown. We hypothesised that sleep restriction would alter hormones that are known to stimulate lipolysis and lead to an increase in NEFA levels. METHODS: We studied 19 healthy young @entity1 under controlled laboratory conditions with four consecutive nights of 8.5 h in bed (normal sleep) and 4.5 h in bed (sleep restriction) in randomised order. The 24 h blood profiles of NEFA, @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ), @entity1063 ( @entity1063 ), @entity701 , @entity413 and insulin were simultaneously assessed. Insulin sensitivity was estimated by a frequently sampled intravenous @entity413 tolerance test. RESULTS: Sleep restriction relative to normal sleep resulted in increased NEFA levels during the nocturnal and early-morning hours. The elevation in NEFA was related to prolonged nocturnal @entity2124 secretion and higher early-morning @entity1063 levels. Insulin sensitivity was decreased after sleep restriction and the @entity1720 was correlated with the increase in nocturnal NEFA levels. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Sleep restriction in healthy @entity1 results in increased nocturnal and early-morning NEFA levels, which may partly contribute to insulin resistance and the elevated @entity6 risk associated with @entity25 .
