Evaluation of auricular lymph node cell lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production as non-radioactive endpoints during XXXX contact allergy.

@entity1603 @entity3408 @entity59 @entity2047 @entity19 @entity14823 @entity1324 @entity3304 @entity665 @entity58
The @entity19 local lymph node assay (LLNA) has been developed as a test method to assess @entity3408 . In spite of the validity of the LLNA, attention was drawn to the two disadvantages: use of radioactivity for in vivo measurement of lymph node cell proliferation ( @entity665 labeling) and the possibility of false positive results caused by non-specific cell activation as a result of inflammatory processes in the skin (irritation). We aimed to investigate the following non-radioactive endpoints of LLNA: @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) incorporation ex vivo and in vivo, in vivo and ex vivo cytokine production with or without phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation. Here, 8-12-week-old female BALB/c @entity19 were treated topically with the strong sensitizer @entity14823 ( @entity3304 ) in @entity1324 :olive oil (AOO, 4:1 [v/v]) at levels of 0.025, 0.05, 0.01, or 0.25% (w/v). Ear thickness was also measured to determine the differentiation index (DI) indicating the proportion of non-specific activation due to irritating properties of test compound. At the concentration of 0.05%, stimulation index (SI) value was found to be 3 for @entity3304 based on in vivo and ex vivo @entity1603 incorporation. The results of the in vivo and ex vivo non-radioactive LLNA assays were compatible both with each other and with previous radioactive LLNA data. Our results indicate that non-radioactive endpoints may be used as an alternative to the @entity665 LLNA. The levels of T(H)1 cytokines ( @entity2047 and IFNy) and T(H)2 cytokines ( @entity58 and @entity59 ) in lymph node cell cultures were significantly (P   <   0.01) increased when @entity3304 was applied at the concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1%, respectively. As the DI was > 1, the applied concentrations of @entity3304 caused only allergic effect but not any irritant effect. This study reports that the use of these non-radioactive endpoints can assess @entity3408 caused by chemicals.
