Orthopaedic implications in the management of pediatric XXXX : a retrospective review.

@entity1 @entity5 @entity51 @entity158 @entity4097 @entity204
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of pediatric @entity1 with @entity4097 . OBJECTIVES: To identify clinical and radiographic features of diagnostic importance, and to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment with respect to complications in pediatric @entity1 with @entity4097 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND: @entity4097 in @entity1 are uncommon and present a significant challenge in diagnosis, treatment, and management of complications. Because most signs and symptoms of these @entity5 are musculoskeletal in nature, it is imperative for orthopedic surgeons to be familiar with them. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical charts and radiographic records of 26 pediatric @entity1 with documented @entity4097 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: There were 10 malignant and 16 @entity5 . Mean age at diagnosis was 10 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Mean clinical follow-up was 25.8 months. The average delay in diagnosis was 10.9 months. The two most common reasons for presentation were @entity158 (n = 20, 76%) and neurologic involvement (n = 14, 54%). Initial plain radiographs were positive in 72% of @entity1 , whereas MRI showed the @entity5 in 96% of studies. Sixteen @entity1 underwent spinal fusion after excision of the @entity5 . There were no perioperative @entity204 . Complications were common, with an average of 1.1 complications per @entity1 . At latest follow-up, six @entity1 had @entity51 , two @entity1 had died, and one @entity1 was terminally ill. CONCLUSION: Increased awareness of modes of presentation, use of modern imaging techniques, and an aggressive approach to spinal stabilization at the time of laminectomy should decrease morbidity in @entity1 with @entity4097 .
