Novel cardioprotective strategy combining three different preconditioning methods to prevent XXXX /reperfusion injury in aged hearts in an improved @entity95 model.

@entity1 @entity859 @entity7308 @entity63 @entity95 @entity11463
UNASSIGNED: The use of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) to protect the myocardium is usually not effective in elderly @entity1 . The aim of the present study was to design new methods to achieve enhanced myocardial protection, based on the differential role of endogenous @entity859 ( @entity7308 ) and @entity7308 receptors (ARs) in the effects of IPC on young and old animals. An improved New Zealand white @entity95 model of @entity63 /reperfusion was established based on the Langendorff model. Adult or elderly @entity95 hearts, with or without exposure to IPC, were used in order to assess the roles of @entity7308 and ARs in the different effects of IPC. Different protective methods were designed based on a combination of endogenous and exogenous interventions. Cardiac function, as well as biochemical, histopathological and apoptotic indices, were measured in the different intervention groups. The improved Langendorff model was stable, reliable and suitable for the undertaking of the experiments. The @entity7308 levels in the aged @entity95 hearts pre- and post-IPC were lower than those in the adult hearts, indicating that @entity7308 levels may be an endogenous factor influencing IPC. A new protection strategy combining @entity7308 -enhanced IPC, A1AR agonist @entity11463 preconditioning and cold crystalloid cardioplegia had a significant protective effect in aged hearts. The results of the present study suggested that endogenous @entity7308 enhancement, A1AR agonist preconditioning and exogenous treatment yield an additive effect in aged @entity95 hearts. The simultaneous application of these three types of intervention provided the most effective myocardial protection in the improved aged @entity95 heart model.
