Cholinoceptor-mediated effects on @entity653 output from XXXX adipose tissue using in situ microdialysis.

@entity1 @entity1169 @entity28 @entity1239 @entity5521 @entity6959 @entity653 @entity3897 @entity1068 @entity5402 @entity934
1. Possible cholinoceptor-mediated effects on lipolysis were investigated in vivo in @entity1 subcutaneous adipose tissue of @entity28 , non-smoking, healthy subjects, by use of microdialysis. Cholinomimetic and sympathomimetic agents were added to the in going dialysate solvent. 2. Addition of @entity1239 to the perfusion solvent caused a concentration-dependent reversible increase in the levels of @entity653 in the dialysate (lipolysis index). The opposite effect (also concentration-dependent and reversible) was caused by the addition of @entity5402 . The maximum effects were 100% stimulation and 50% inhibition, respectively, by @entity1239 and @entity5402 . Neither @entity1239 nor @entity5402 stimulated nutritive blood flow in adipose tissue (as measured with an @entity1068 escape technique). 3. The @entity1239 effect in situ was concentration-dependently counteracted by the nicotinic cholinoceptor antagonist, @entity6959 . Likewise, the @entity5402 effect was concentration-dependently counteracted by the muscarinic cholinoceptor antagonist, @entity3897 . 4. When adipose tissue was pretreated with @entity5521 plus @entity1169 in order to obtain a complete alpha and beta-adrenoceptor blockade, the subsequent addition of @entity1239 or @entity5402 still induced an increase and decrease in dialysate @entity653 levels (lipolytic or antilipolytic effects), respectively. When adipose tissue was pretreated with @entity6959 or @entity3897 , the subsequent addition of @entity934 caused a reversible decrease and increase, respectively, of the dialysate @entity653 levels. 5. @entity1239 and @entity5402 had no effects on @entity653 release from @entity1 isolated subcutaneous fat cells that were incubated in vivo. 6. In conclusion, the data demonstrate a dual effect of the cholinoceptor system on @entity653 output inhuman adipose tissue: stimulation through nicotinic receptors and inhibition through muscarinic receptors. These effects, which are not observed in vitro, are independent of the adrenergic system and the local blood flow and seem not to be mediated by a direct action on the fat cell.
