Effect of a moderate fat diet with and without avocados on lipoprotein particle number, size and subclasses in overweight and XXXX adults: a randomized, controlled trial.

@entity1 @entity844 @entity3952 @entity28 @entity6221 @entity10194 @entity8981 @entity1718 @entity65 @entity165
BACKGROUND: Avocados are a nutrient-dense source of @entity6221 ( @entity8981 ) that can be used to replace @entity1718 ( @entity10194 ) in a diet to lower low density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C). Well-controlled studies are lacking on the effect of avocado consumption on @entity65 ( @entity65 ) risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS: A randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial was conducted with 45 overweight or @entity28 @entity1 with baseline LDL-C in the 25th to 90th percentile. Three @entity165 -lowering diets (6% to 7% @entity10194 ) were fed (5 weeks each): a lower-fat diet (LF: 24% fat); 2 moderate-fat diets (34% fat) provided similar foods and were matched for macronutrients and @entity1718 : the avocado diet (AV) included one fresh Hass avocado (136 g) per day, and the moderate-fat diet (MF) mainly used high @entity3952 oils to match the @entity844 content of one avocado. Compared with baseline, the reduction in LDL-C and non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 on the AV diet (-13.5 mg/dL, -14.6 mg/dL) was greater (P<0.05) than the MF (-8.3 mg/dL, -8.7 mg/dL) and LF (-7.4 mg/dL, -4.8 mg/dL) diets. Furthermore, only the AV diet significantly decreased LDL particle number (LDL-P, -80.1 nmol/L, P=0.0001), small dense LDL @entity165 (LDL(3+4), -4.1 mg/dL, P=0.04), and the ratio of LDL/HDL (-6.6%, P<0.0001) from baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Inclusion of one avocado per day as part of a moderate-fat, @entity165 -lowering diet has additional LDL-C, LDL-P, and non-HDL-C lowering effects, especially for small, dense LDL. Our results demonstrate that avocados have beneficial effects on cardio-metabolic risk factors that extend beyond their heart-healthy @entity844 profile. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01235832.
