Shift Work in XXXX Results in Increased Inflammatory Response after Lipopolysaccharide Administration: A Role for Food Consumption.

@entity35 @entity1505 @entity10789
UNASSIGNED: The @entity10789 ( @entity10789 ) drives circadian rhythms in behavioral and physiological variables, including the inflammatory response. Shift work is known to disturb circadian rhythms and is associated with increased susceptibility to develop disease. In rodents, circadian disruption due to shifted light schedules (jet lag) induced increased innate immune responses. To gain more insight into the influence of circadian disruption on the immune response, we characterized the inflammatory response in a model of rodent shift work and demonstrated that circadian disruption affected the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) both in vivo and in vitro. Since food consumption is a main disturbing element in the shift work schedule, we also evaluated the inflammatory response to LPS in a group of @entity35 that had no access to food during their working hours. Our results demonstrated that the shift work schedule decreased basal @entity1505 levels in the liver but not in the circulation. Despite this, we observed that shift work induced increased cytokine response after LPS stimulation in comparison to control @entity35 . Also, Kupffer cells (liver macrophages) isolated from shift work @entity35 produced more @entity1505 in response to in vitro LPS stimulation, suggesting important effects of circadian desynchronization on the functionality of this cell type. Importantly, the effects of shift work on the inflammatory response to LPS were prevented when food was not available during the working schedule. Together, these results show that dissociating behavior and food intake from the synchronizing drive of the @entity10789 severely disturbs the immune response.
