Shear-Induced XXXX : Species Differences.

@entity1 @entity16 @entity291 @entity2142
UNASSIGNED: The nonphysiological mechanical shear stress in blood-contacting medical devices is one major factor to device-induced @entity16 . Animal blood is often used to test device-induced @entity16 potential of these devices due to its easy accessibility and low cost. However, the differences in shear-induced @entity16 between animals and @entity1 have not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to investigate shear-induced @entity2142 of @entity1 and three commonly used preclinical evaluation animal species (ovine, porcine, and @entity291 ) under shear conditions encountered in blood-contacting medical devices. Shear-induced @entity2142 experiments were conducted using two single-pass blood-shearing devices. Driven by an externally pressurized reservoir, blood single-passes through a small annular gap in the shearing devices where the blood was exposed to a uniform high shear stress. Shear-induced @entity2142 at different conditions of exposure time (0.04 to 1.5   s) and shear stress (25 to 320   Pa) was quantified for ovine, porcine, @entity291 , and @entity1 blood, respectively. Within these ranges of shear stress and exposure time, shear-induced @entity2142 was less than 2% for the four species. The results showed that the ovine blood was more susceptible to shear-induced injury than the @entity291 , porcine, and @entity1 blood. The response of the porcine and @entity291 blood to shear was similar to the @entity1 blood. The dependence of @entity2142 on shear stress level and exposure time was found to fit well the power law functional form for the four species. The coefficients of the power law models for the ovine, porcine, @entity291 , and @entity1 blood were derived.
