Region-Specific Disruption of Adenylate Cyclase Type 1 Gene Differentially Affects Somatosensorimotor Behaviors in XXXX (1,2,3).

@entity268 @entity19 @entity460 @entity52502 @entity6953
Cover FigureRegion-specific @entity52502 ( @entity52502 ) loss of function differentially affects both patterning and sensorimotor behaviors in @entity19 . @entity52502 is expressed at all levels of the somatosensory pathway and plays a major role in refinement and patterning of topographic sensory maps. Cortex-specific @entity52502 loss of function (CxAC1KO @entity19 ) does not affect barrel patterning and activation of specific barrels corresponding to stimulated whiskers and does not impair sensorimotor behaviors. While global (AC1KO) and thalamus-specific ( @entity52502 loss of function leads to absence of barrel patterns, selective whisker stimulation activates topographically aligned cortical loci. Despite functional topography of the whisker-barrel cortex, sensorimotor and social behaviors are impaired, indicating the importance of patterning of topographical sensory maps in the neocortex. Adenylate cyclase type I ( @entity52502 ) is primarily, and, abundantly, expressed in the brain. Intracellular @entity460 /calmodulin increases regulate @entity52502 in an activity-dependent manner. Upon stimulation, @entity52502 produces @entity268 and it is involved in the patterning and the refinement of neural circuits. In @entity19 , spontaneous mutations or targeted deletion of the @entity52502 gene, which encodes @entity52502 , resulted in neuronal pattern formation defects. Neural modules in the primary somatosensory (SI) cortex, the barrels, which represent the topographic distribution of the whiskers on the snout, failed to form (Welker et al., 1996; Abdel-Majid et al., 1998). Cortex- or thalamus-specific @entity52502 deletions led to different cortical pattern phenotypes, with thalamus-specific disruption phenotype being more severe (Iwasato et al., 2008; @entity6953 et al., 2013). Despite the absence of barrels in the "barrelless"/ @entity52502 null @entity19 , thalamocortical terminal bouton density and activation of cortical zones following whisker stimulation were roughly topographic (Abdel-Majid et al., 1998; Gheorghita et al., 2006). To what extent does patterning of the cortical somatosensory body map play a role in sensorimotor behaviors? In this study, we tested @entity19 with global, cortical, or thalamic loss of @entity52502 function in a battery of sensorimotor and social behavior tests and compared them to @entity19 with all of the whiskers clipped. Contrary to intuitive expectations that any region-specific or global disruption of the @entity52502 function would lead to similar behavioral phenotypes, we found significant differences in the degree of impairment between these strains.
