[The role of the nucleus accumbens in XXXX ].

@entity1 @entity162 @entity308 @entity353 @entity146 @entity935 @entity71 @entity1005 @entity13217 @entity148 @entity161 @entity3119 @entity285 @entity4676
UNASSIGNED: The nucleus accumbens is the most inferior part of the striatum and is mainly connected to the limbic system. It is neurochemically and immunohistochemically divided into a shell laterally and a core medially. As a functionally central structure between amygdala, basal ganglia, mesolimbic dopaminergic regions, mediodorsal thalamus and prefrontal cortex, the nucleus accumbens appears to play a modulative role in the flow of the information from the amygdaloid complex to these regions. @entity935 is a major neurotransmitter of the nucleus accumbens and this nucleus has a modulative function to the amygdala-basal ganglia-prefrontal cortex circuit. Together with the prefrontal cortex and amygdala, nucleus accumbens consists a part of the cerebral circuit which regulates functions associated with effort. It is anatomically located in a unique way to serve emotional and behavioral components of feelings. It is considered as a neural interface between motivation and action, having a key-role in food intake, sexual behavior, reward-motivated behavior, stress-related behavior and substance-dependence. It is involved in several cognitive, emotional and psychomotor functions, altered in some psychopathology. Moreover it is involved in some of the commonest and most severe @entity146 , such as @entity308 , @entity161 , @entity3119 and other @entity148 , as well as in addiction, including drugs abuse, alcoholism and smoking. Nucleus accumbens has also a role in other @entity146 such as @entity162 , @entity71 and @entity1005 . Because of its rich dopaminergic projections, this nucleus has been subject of many studies in animals as well as in @entity1 , connecting its malfunction with the disturbed reward process observed in @entity308 . Neuromodulation interventions targeting the nucleus accumbens are nowadays applied in strictly selected @entity1 suffering from @entity13217 , @entity3119 , @entity4676 and addiction to drugs or @entity285 . Specifically, bilateral and unilateral (right) deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens has been applied in obsessive-compulsive @entity1 resulting into significant improvement of their symptoms and their quality of life. Nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation has been also associated with antidepressant and anxiolytic effect, as well as quality of life improvement in @entity1 suffering from severe resistant @entity308 . Finally, this minimally invasive stereotactic procedure has been proved beneficial for all phenotypic components of the @entity4676 , with remarkable @entity353 's motor manifestations, including tics.
