Neuronal correlates of XXXX in @entity4225 .

@entity1 @entity4225 @entity146 @entity73 @entity51 @entity17649 @entity2031
@entity4225 ( @entity4225 ) is a severe @entity146 condition of undetermined brain underpinnings, which involves profound emotion regulation @entity73 . To elucidate biopsychological markers of the disorder, we performed two studies: i.) assessing empathy and social cognition and ii.) measuring the psychophysical properties and functional brain correlates of empathic functioning in a total of fifty-one affected @entity1 and 50 age- and gender-matched controls. In the behavioral study we applied the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET), a new, ecologically valid measure to assess cognitive (i.e., social cognition) and emotional (i.e., empathic concern) empathy to a subset of @entity1 . In the second study, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and skin conductance measurements were performed while @entity1 took a scanner-adapted version of the MET. @entity1 with @entity4225 showed impairments in @entity73 . Brain responses during cognitive empathy were significantly reduced in @entity1 compared to controls in the left superior temporal sulcus and gyrus ( @entity2031 / @entity17649 ), where this reduction was associated with levels of intrusive symptomatology in the @entity4225 group. During emotional empathy, @entity1 with @entity4225 exhibited greater brain activity than controls in the right middle insular cortex, a response that was associated with skin conductance responses in the @entity1 . Results indicate that altered functioning of the @entity2031 / @entity17649 and insula represents pathophysiological mediators for reduced empathy in @entity4225 , with an important role for intrusive symptomatology and levels of arousal. The findings thus support a conceptualization of @entity4225 as @entity51 in both inferring others' mental states and being emotionally attuned to another @entity1 .
