@entity358 with GOLD standard: an effective and simple approach to detect XXXX .

@entity1 @entity358 @entity3885 @entity1030
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity3885 is probably underestimated. Early detection and screening may alter the course and prognosis associated with @entity358 . We investigated the effectiveness of @entity358 function screening program and the agreement between the Global Initiative for @entity1030 (GOLD) and the lower limit of normal (LLN) standard for public screening in Xi'an China. METHODS: Pulmonary function testing was conducted on volunteers recruited from eight community centers in Xi'an, China between July and August 2012. @entity1 underwent three forced vital capacity (FVC) maneuvers. The maneuver with the best FEV1 was retained. @entity1 filled out a medical history survey before undergoing pulmonary function testing. @entity1 that self-reported @entity358 on the health survey were excluded from the analysis. RESULTS: A total of 803 volunteers participated in this study. And 722 @entity1 (93.8%) did not self-report chronic @entity358 and were analyzed. Of these @entity1 , 143 subjects (19.8%) were diagnosed by GOLD standard and 134 subjects (18.6%) had obstruction with LLN definition. GOLD definition can identify more asymptomatic subjects (19.1%) with respect to LLN. GOLD definition can detect more @entity3885 in elder subjects compared with young @entity1 , the difference is significant (P=0.0007). The overall agreement between the 2 methods was good: the kappa estimate was 0.822. The agreement in subjects aged 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69 years was good: the kappa estimate was 0.82, 0.936 and 0.907 respectively and the agreement in subjects aged 18-29 was inferior: the kappa estimate was only 0.555. CONCLUSIONS: Voluntary lung function screening program with GOLD standard may be a simple and effective approach to ensuring high yield detection of @entity3885 in subjects aged 40-69.
