Early acquisition of typical metabolic features upon differentiation of XXXX neural stem cells into astrocytes.

@entity2227 @entity25842 @entity9327 @entity19 @entity777 @entity1778 @entity22618 @entity34742 @entity3338 @entity2241
Specific metabolic features, such as @entity2227 reuptake, have been associated with normal functions of mature astrocytes. In this study, we examined whether these characteristics are acquired together with classical phenotypic markers of differentiated astrocytes. Differentiation of E14 @entity19 neurospheres into astrocytes was induced by the addition of @entity2241 ( @entity2241 ). Degree of differentiation was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence for both @entity9327 and nestin. Neural stem cells expressed nestin but not @entity9327 , while differentiated astrocytes were immunopositive for @entity9327 but displayed low levels of nestin expression. A strong increase in the expression of the @entity2227 transporter @entity25842 and the @entity3338 transporter @entity34742 accompanied phenotypic changes. In addition, active @entity2227 transport appeared in differentiated astrocytes, as well as their capacity to increase aerobic glycolysis in response to @entity2227 . @entity1778 inhibitory factor ( @entity22618 ) and ciliary neurotrophic factor, but not @entity777 , triggered the expression of phenotypic and morphological characteristics of astrocytes. In addition, exposure to @entity22618 led to the appearance of metabolic features typically associated with astrocytes. Altogether, our results show that acquisition of some specific metabolic features by astrocytes occurs early in their differentiation process and that @entity22618 represents a candidate signal to induce their expression.
