Detection of gluten immunogenic peptides in the urine of @entity1 with XXXX reveals transgressions in the gluten-free diet and incomplete mucosal healing.

@entity1 @entity1593 @entity66 @entity16 @entity194
OBJECTIVE: @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) is the only management for @entity66 ( @entity66 ). Available methods to assess @entity1593 compliance are insufficiently sensitive to detect occasional dietary transgressions that may cause @entity16 . We aimed to develop a method to determine gluten intake and monitor @entity1593 compliance in @entity1 with @entity66 and to evaluate its correlation with @entity16 . DESIGN: Urine samples of 76 healthy subjects and 58 @entity1 with @entity66 subjected to different gluten dietary conditions were collected. A lateral flow test (LFT) with the highly sensitive and specific G12 monoclonal antibody for the most dominant gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) and a LFT reader were used to quantify GIP in solid-phase extracted urines. RESULTS: GIP were detectable in concentrated urines from healthy individuals previously subjected to @entity1593 as early as 4-6   h after single gluten intake, and remained detectable for 1-2   days. The urine assay revealed infringement of the @entity1593 in about 50% of the @entity1 . Analysis of duodenal biopsies revealed that most of @entity1 with @entity66 (89%) with no villous @entity194 had no detectable GIP in urine, while all @entity1 with quantifiable GIP in urine showed incomplete intestinal mucosa recovery. CONCLUSION: GIP are detected in urine after gluten consumption, enabling a new and non-invasive method to monitor @entity1593 compliance and transgressions. The method was sensitive, specific and simple enough to be convenient for clinical monitoring of @entity1 with @entity66 as well as for basic and clinical research applications including drug development. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02344758.
