Roles and regulation of XXXX transporters in the central nervous system.

@entity8854 @entity131 @entity2227 @entity535 @entity367 @entity528 @entity14827
1. @entity2227 transporters (also known as excitatory @entity535 transporters or EAAT) are solely responsible for the removal of the excitatory neurotransmitter @entity8854 ( @entity367 ) from the extracellular space and, thus, permit normal transmission, as well as preventing cell death due to the excessive activation of @entity367 receptors. 2. Five subtypes of @entity2227 transporter (EAAT1-5) exist, possessing distinct pharmacology, cellular localization and modulatory mechanisms. 3. Experimental inhibition of EAAT activity in vitro and in vivo results in increased extracellular concentrations of @entity367 and in @entity528 via excitotoxicity, highlighting the importance of EAAT in normal excitatory neurotransmission. 4. Dysfunction of EAAT may contribute to the pathology of both @entity131 and @entity14827 , so correction of EAAT function under these conditions may provide a valuable therapeutic strategy. 5. The present review describes basic pharmacological studies that allow new insights into EAAT function and suggest possible strategies for the therapeutic modulation of EAAT.
