Interferon therapy of metastatic XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1358 @entity5 @entity5713
There is no curative therapy for metastatic or recurrent @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). Almost three-quarters of such @entity1 die of their malignancy in 1 year and less than 5% of such @entity1 are alive at 3 years. Few @entity1 respond to hormonal therapy or chemotherapy, and when responses occur, they are usually brief and partial with little impact on survival. Interferon therapy in metastatic @entity1358 has been associated with response rates of approximately 15-20%, and @entity5 regression has been demonstrated in @entity1 treated with both partially purified and, more recently, recombinant interferon. Analysis of published trials shows no clear dose-response relationship; however, the highest therapeutic index appears associated with a daily dosage of 5-10 million units. The time to response is variable and may occasionally be prolonged; however, some @entity1 have durations of response exceeding 12 months. Although nephrectomy may be associated with higher response rates, review of available data indicates that nephrectomy has frequently been an eligibility criteria, and indeed there are adequate descriptions of responses in @entity1 that have not undergone this procedure. @entity1 with pulmonary metastases have the highest response rate. Recently, laboratory and clinical investigations of interferons and several chemotherapeutic agents, notably @entity5713 , suggest synergy, but further data is needed to confirm these findings. The role of interferon therapy in improving survival is unknown. There is little doubt, however, that symptomatic @entity1 who respond to interferon therapy may show improvement in their quality of life and prolongation of survival.
