Ciliary function and motor protein composition of XXXX fallopian tubes.

@entity1 @entity249 @entity910 @entity1576 @entity5849
STUDY QUESTION: What is the motor protein composition and function of @entity1 fallopian tube (FT) cilia? SUMMARY ANSWER: Although the motor protein composition and function of @entity1 FT cilia resemble that of @entity1576 , females with @entity910 ( @entity910 ) are not necessarily infertile. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: FTs are lined with multiple motile cilia, which show a 9 + 2 ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy. Case reports suggest an increased incidence of @entity249 and @entity5849 in @entity1 with @entity910 , a disease characterized by dysfunction of motile cilia and flagella. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This study consisted of an observational laboratory study on @entity1 FT specimens from five healthy females recruited from April 2012 to December 2013 and a descriptive observational retrospective analysis of a clinical @entity910 database. @entity1 /MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: @entity1 FT tissue was obtained from five healthy females after tubal ligation during caesarean delivery. Motor protein composition was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy using antibodies against dynein arms and nexin-dynein regulatory complex subunits. Ciliary motility was analysed by high-speed video microscopy. A retrospective search of our database of @entity910 individuals was performed for information on conception and childbirth. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The motor protein composition of @entity1 FT cilia was identical to that of @entity1576 . FT cilia showed coordinated beating, resulting in a directed fluid flow towards the uterine cavity. We identified nine @entity910 individuals with severe dysfunction of @entity1576 who gave birth to @entity1 after spontaneous conception. This suggests that ciliary beating is not the key motor of ovum transport. LIMITATIONS, REASON FOR CAUTION: FT cilia of affected @entity910 females were not available for analysis. Thus, it remains to be proven that FT cilia indeed show the same defects as @entity1576 in @entity910 individuals. Comprehensive epidemiological studies are needed to determine the extent of female (sub-) fertility in @entity910 . WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Knowledge of the exact protein composition and function of FT cilia will contribute to a better understanding of cilia-generated fluid flow in female reproduction. These findings are important for subsequent studies of function and protein composition of FT cilia in @entity910 @entity1 . STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: This work was supported by European Commission FP7 (Seventh Framework Programme for Research) Grant Nos 305404 (BESTCILIA) and 241955 (SYSCILIA) to H. Omran, the 'Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft' (DFG OM 6/4, OM 6/5) and the IZKF Muenster (Om2/009/12). All authors declare that they have no competing interests.
