Second-look surgery for XXXX .

@entity1 @entity82 @entity41 @entity2971 @entity5 @entity1358 @entity44
BACKGROUND: The role of second-look surgery in @entity2971 (GCTs) needs to be reviewed. OBJECTIVE: To present our experience of second-look surgery in @entity1 with intracranial GCTs who showed less than complete response despite normalizing or decreasing @entity5 markers after chemotherapy. METHODS: Retrospective review of 7 @entity1 who underwent second-look surgery for an intracranial GCT was performed. RESULTS: Of 23 consecutive @entity1 with newly diagnosed intracranial GCTs treated between August 2003 and August 2013, 7 @entity1 (30%) underwent second-look surgery. The mean age was 9.4 years. The initial diagnoses were @entity2971 in 5 and immature @entity44 in 2. Second-look surgery was performed after 1 to 3 courses of chemotherapy. Magnetic resonance imaging at the surgery demonstrated increasing @entity41 in 4 and stable @entity41 in 3. @entity5 markers were normalized in 5 and nearly normalized in 2. Gross total resection was achieved in all @entity1 . Histopathology at second-look surgery revealed mature @entity44 in 5, @entity82 with @entity1358 in 1, and @entity82 in 1. All @entity1 subsequently underwent additional chemoradiation therapy according to the initial diagnosis. All @entity1 are alive with no evidence of recurrence, with a mean follow-up of 48 months. CONCLUSION: Second-look surgery plays an important role in the treatment of intracranial GCTs. Surgery may be encouraged at a relatively early phase after chemotherapy when the @entity41 increases or does not change size despite normalized or nearly normalized @entity5 markers in order to achieve complete resection and improve outcome.
