Diminution of Oxidative Damage to XXXX Erythrocytes and Lymphocytes by @entity908 : Possible Role of @entity908 in Blood.

@entity8818 @entity1 @entity5568 @entity3961 @entity908 @entity2041 @entity273 @entity33028 @entity1011 @entity2142 @entity6738
UNASSIGNED: @entity908 ( @entity8818 ) is naturally produced in the body and stored in muscles where it is involved in energy generation. It is widely used, especially by athletes, as a staple supplement for improving physical performance. Recent reports have shown that @entity8818 displays antioxidant activity which could explain its beneficial cellular effects. We have evaluated the ability of @entity8818 to protect @entity1 erythrocytes and lymphocytes against oxidative damage. Erythrocytes were challenged with model oxidants, @entity33028 (AAPH) and @entity273 ( @entity5568 ) in the presence and absence of @entity8818 . Incubation of erythrocytes with oxidant alone increased @entity2142 , @entity3961 levels, lipid peroxidation and protein @entity6738 content. This was accompanied by decrease in @entity2041 levels. Antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant power of the cell were compromised while the activity of membrane bound enzyme was lowered. This suggests induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes by AAPH and @entity5568 . However, @entity8818 protected the erythrocytes by ameliorating the AAPH and @entity5568 induced changes in these parameters. This protective effect was confirmed by electron microscopic analysis which showed that oxidant-induced cell damage was attenuated by @entity8818 . No cellular alterations were induced by @entity8818 alone even at 20 mM, the highest concentration used. @entity1011 , a by-product of @entity8818 metabolism, was also shown to exert protective effects, although it was slightly less effective than @entity8818 . @entity1 lymphocytes were similarly treated with @entity5568 in absence and presence of different concentrations of @entity8818 . Lymphocytes incubated with oxidant alone had alterations in various biochemical and antioxidant parameters including decrease in cell viability and induction of DNA damage. The presence of @entity8818 attenuated all these @entity5568 -induced changes in lymphocytes. Thus, @entity8818 can function as a blood antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage, genotoxicity and can potentially increase their lifespan.
