Mechanism of gastroprotection by XXXX against chemically induced oxidative stress in cultured @entity1 @entity356 .

@entity1 @entity1819 @entity5836 @entity4674 @entity26 @entity19019 @entity3787 @entity5828 @entity6674 @entity356 @entity1534 @entity224 @entity1068 @entity7159
Reactive @entity26 species (ROS) are implicated in the pathogenesis of chemically induced @entity1819 . We have investigated the effects of @entity1068 , @entity5836 ( @entity5828 ), and @entity7159 ( @entity6674 ) on: (1) enhanced production of ROS including @entity224 anion and @entity3787 radicals, (2) modulation of intracellular oxidized states by laser scanning confocal microscopy, and (3) DNA fragmentation, indices of oxidative tissue, and DNA damage in a primary culture of normal @entity1 @entity356 ( @entity356 ), which were isolated and cultured from @entity1534 -negative endoscopic biopsies from @entity1 subjects. The induction of ROS and DNA damage in these cells following exposure to @entity1068 (15%), @entity5828 (150 mM) and @entity6674 (150 mM) were assessed by @entity4674 reduction ( @entity224 anion production), HPLC detection for enhanced production of @entity3787 radicals, changes in intracellular oxidized states by laser scanning confocal microscopy, and DNA damage by quantitating DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, the protective ability of @entity19019 (BSS) was assessed at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 mg/liter. Incubation of @entity356 with @entity1068 , HCI, and @entity6674 increased @entity224 anion production by approximately 8.0-, 6.1-and 7.1-fold and increased @entity3787 radical production by 13.3-, 9.6-, and 8.9-fold, respectively, compared to the untreated gastric cells. Incubation of @entity356 with @entity1068 , @entity5828 , and @entity6674 increased DNA fragmentation by approximately 6.7-, 4.3-, and 4.8-fold, respectively. Approximately 20.3-, 17.5-, and 13.1-fold increases in fluorescence intensities were observed following incubation of gastric cells with @entity1068 , @entity5828 , and @entity6674 , respectively, demonstrating dramatic changes in the intracellular oxidized states of @entity356 following exposure to these necrotizing agents. Preincubation of @entity356 with 25, 50, and 100 mg/liter of BSS decreased @entity1068 -induced increases in intracellular oxidized states in these cells by 36%, 56%, and 66%, respectively, demonstrating a concentration-dependent protective ability by BSS. Similar results were observed with respect to BSS in terms of @entity224 anion and @entity3787 radical production, and DNA damage. The present study demonstrates that @entity1068 , @entity5828 , and @entity6674 induce oxidative stress and DNA damage in @entity356 and that BSS can significantly attenuate @entity1819 by scavenging these ROS.
