Pre-induction skin-surface warming minimizes intraoperative XXXX .

@entity1 @entity2332
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that only one hour of preinduction skin-surface warming decreases the rate at which @entity2332 develops during the first hour of anesthesia. DESIGN: Randomized, prospective study. SETTING: Operating theater of a university hospital. @entity1 : 16 ASA status I and II adult @entity1 scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. INTERVENTIONS: Eight @entity1 were assigned to receive forced-air warming for one hour before induction of anesthesia (prewarmed group); the other eight @entity1 were covered only with a wool blanket during a similar preinduction period (control group). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Tympanic membrane (core) and mean skin-surface temperatures were measured at 15-minutes intervals, starting one hour before induction of anesthesia. Mean skin temperature increased from 34.0 +/- 0.1 C to 37.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C in the pre-warmed group (p < 0.05), but remained unchanged at 34.7 +/- 0.3 degrees C in the control group. Core temperature during the preinduction period did not change significantly in either group. Following induction of anesthesia, core temperature decreased at a rate of 1.1 +/- 0.1 degrees C/hr in the control group, but only 0.6 +/- 0.1 degrees C/hr in the pre-warmed group (p < 0.05). After one hour of anesthesia, six of eight pre-warmed @entity1 had core temperatures of at least 36.5 degrees C, whereas only one of the eight control @entity1 did (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A single hour of preoperative skin-surface warming reduced the rate at which @entity2332 developed during the first hour of anesthesia. Preoperative skin surface warming is particularly helpful during short procedures because redistribution @entity2332 is otherwise difficult to treat.
