Carcinogenesis and @entity1239 in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity286 @entity19 @entity5 @entity1239 @entity735 @entity30581 @entity3209 @entity204 @entity320
The most abundant carcinogen in @entity286 smoke or its condensate has been identified as @entity30581 . This is formed predominantly from @entity1239 in @entity286 during curing and smoking but may also be generated within the body. Intravenous injection of @entity3209 NNN appears highly concentrated in the choroid of pigmented @entity19 . Like @entity1239 , it crosses the placental barrier and appears in the choroid of the @entity735 in pregnant female @entity19 . Other studies of the male @entity320 population show a trend toward earlier life appearance of @entity320 in smokers and significantly less of disease-free @entity320 at five years among smokers. Immunoglobulin G and natural killer leukocyte activities appear to be reduced in male smokers with or without @entity320 . Although species and strain differences in susceptibility to carcinogenic agents are well known, these findings led us to a retrospective analysis of 126 white adults undergoing enucleation as immediate therapy for unilateral @entity320 between 1958 and 1978. Histologic verification and adequate follow-ups were obtained in 105 @entity1 . Minimum follow-up in 65 survivors was 3 years and maximum was 24 years. In 40 @entity1 with metastatic @entity320 , @entity204 occurred at 3 months to 13 years or at an average of 44 months following surgery. An adequate history of @entity286 use was obtained in 94 @entity1 , 44 of which were positive for @entity286 use (32 male; 12 female) and 50 were denials (16 male; 34 female). Questions to female @entity1 or families of deceased @entity1 evoked more prompt and uncompromising denial than was experienced in questioning of male @entity1 . Straight (non-actuarial) five @entity5 mortality in white males with @entity320 showed 12 of 32 or 37% dead among male smokers and 1 of 13 or 8% dead among male non-smokers. Actuarial calculation of five year survival showed only 62% in @entity286 using males and 85% in non- @entity286 using males. The distribution of cytology was essentially similar in groups both by sex and other subgroupings. There were, however, more @entity5 (greater than 10 mm in diameter) in the @entity286 group (61%) vs the non-smokers (31%). These preliminary findings merit further analysis by prospective @entity286 histories in @entity320 @entity1 , particularly among the male population.
