DNA adduct formation and oxidative stress in colon and liver of Big Blue XXXX after dietary exposure to diesel particles.

@entity20821 @entity96 @entity620 @entity46204 @entity409 @entity35 @entity1521 @entity13202 @entity72782 @entity369
Exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) via the gastrointestinal route may impose risk of @entity96 . We investigated the effects of DEP given in the diet to Big Blue @entity35 by quantifying a panel of markers of DNA damage and repair, mutation, oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, and antioxidative defence mechanisms in colon mucosa cells, liver tissue and the blood compartment. Seven groups of @entity35 were fed a diet with 0, 0.2, 0.8, 2, 8, 20 or 80 mg DEP/kg feed for 21 days. DEP induced a significant increase in DNA strand breaks in colon and liver. There was no effect on oxidative DNA damage (8-oxodG) in @entity409 DNA or in the urine. However, the mRNA expression of @entity46204 , encoding an enzyme involved in repair of @entity20821 , was increased by DEP in both liver and colon. DNA adduct levels measured by 32P-post-labelling were elevated in colon and liver, and the expression of @entity72782 gene was affected in liver, but not in colon. In addition to these effects, DEP exposure induced apoptosis in liver. There was no significant change in mutation frequency in @entity409 . The levels of oxidative protein modifications (oxidized @entity369 and @entity1521 residues) were increased in liver accompanied by enhanced @entity620 levels. In plasma, we found no significant effects on oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, antioxidant enzymes or @entity620 levels. Our data indicate that gastrointestinal exposure to @entity13202 induces DNA adducts and oxidative stress resulting in DNA strand breaks, enhanced repair capacity of oxidative base damage, apoptosis and protein oxidation in colon mucosa cells and liver.
