Regulation mechanisms of the hedgehog pathway in XXXX : a review.

@entity1 @entity788 @entity1124 @entity5 @entity3 @entity204
@entity1124 ( @entity1124 ) is the fourth most common cause of @entity204 from @entity5 . Its 5-year survival rate is less than 5%. This poor prognosis is mostly due to the @entity5 's early invasion and @entity3 formation, leading to an initial diagnosis at an advanced incurable stage in the majority of @entity1 . The only potentially curative treatment is radical surgical resection. The effect of current chemotherapeutics or radiotherapy is limited. Novel therapeutic strategies are therefore much needed. One of the hallmarks of @entity1124 is its abundant desmoplastic (stromal) reaction. The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is critical for embryologic development of the pancreas. Aberrant Hh signaling promotes @entity788 , the maintenance of the @entity5 microenvironment and stromal growth. The canonical Hh-pathway in the @entity5 stroma has been targeted widely but has not yet lead to hopeful clinical results. Targeting both the @entity5 and its surrounding stroma through Hh pathway inhibition by also targeting non-canonical pathways as apparent in the @entity5 cell may therefore be a novel treatment strategy for @entity1124 .
