Pathogenic Bacterial Nasopharyngeal Colonization and Its Impact on XXXX in the First Year of Life: The PATCH Birth Cohort Study.

@entity1 @entity3256 @entity11127 @entity794 @entity4195 @entity6932 @entity1576 @entity6729 @entity328
BACKGROUND: For acute @entity1576 caused by bacteria, colonization in the respiratory tracts is often the first sign, although nasopharynx is the major source of secretions containing pathogens. To understand the pathogenesis of @entity11127 , it is important to analyze the establishment of nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization. METHODS: @entity1 with nasopharyngeal swabs were examined at the age of 1, 2, 4, 6 and 12 months for the detection of pathogens, including @entity328 , @entity6932 , @entity6729 , @entity4195 and @entity794 . The methods used for detection were bacterial culture and multiplex polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: From January 2012 to August 2013, a total of 320 neonates were enrolled, and 120 of them completed the first 12-month study. @entity794 was the most common pathogen at all 5 time points while the rates declined; in contrast, the other 4 increased during the first year of life. Of our series, the multiplex polymerase chain reaction detection rates were higher than those of bacterial culture. More than 50% of @entity794 was @entity3256 -resistant, and the trend decreased in the same period. In the analysis of factors associated with the development of @entity1 wheeze, @entity1 with maternal atopy [odds ratio (OR): 3.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20-8.88; P = 0.02] and pneumococcal colonization (OR: 15.64; 95% CI: 3.25-75.35; P = 0.001) had higher rates of wheeze. CONCLUSIONS: Bacterial interactions may result in differing pathogen prevalence in the first year of life. In addition, nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization may have an effect on the risk of @entity1 wheeze. The result could help clinicians to clarify the relation between bacterial colonization and respiratory illnesses in infancy.
