Physiological model of the stimulative effects of XXXX in low-to-moderate doses.

@entity2125 @entity308 @entity167 @entity1792 @entity598 @entity6625 @entity1068 @entity264 @entity3094
A physiological model of @entity167 use is proposed, based on the observation that @entity1068 is a natural intracellular metabolite. It is suggested that @entity1068 synthesis is an intermediate step in the metabolic pathway of elimination of the excess of energy-releasing substrates from mitochondria and the cytosol when the cell does not require additional energy. The process is first of all important for elimination of @entity6625 from mitochondria. Ingested @entity167 passes across plasma and mitochondrial membranes by diffusion and follows the endogenous @entity1068 pathway but in the reverse direction. This pathway is used when the cell needs additional energy. In that case, exogenous @entity1068 supplies the respiratory chain with electrons via @entity2125 on the path of oxidation to @entity3094 and then to @entity598 by @entity167 and @entity264 dehydrogenases. After conversion to @entity6625 , it goes into the @entity1792 cycle and is thus used for energy production entirely. If @entity1792 cycle activity is decreased constitutionally, @entity6625 enters into @entity1792 cycle too slowly and energy deficit arises, @entity1068 compensates for the energy deficit. @entity598 then diffuses out of mitochondria. The less energy production in mitochondria, the more the cell is ready to accept @entity167 as an energy source. @entity1792 cycle activity can be @entity308 as a result of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of genes controlling some enzymes involved in the cycle, which influences the @entity167 requirement.
