Orthotopic tumorgrafts in @entity19 : A new method to study @entity1 XXXX .

@entity1 @entity3033 @entity263 @entity5 @entity19 @entity6639
BACKGROUND: In vivo model systems in @entity263 research that authentically reproduce @entity5 growth are still sparse. While orthotopic implantation is technically difficult, particularly in the @entity19 , most models favor subcutaneous @entity5 growth. This however provides little information about natural @entity5 growth behavior and @entity5 stroma interaction. Furthermore, established @entity263 cell lines grown as in vivo xenografts are not able to reflect the variety of @entity5 specific growth patterns and growth behavior in @entity1 . Primary cell cultures are difficult to handle and an induction of @entity5 has not been successful yet. Therefore, a tumorgraft model using @entity5 tissue from prostatectomy specimens was developed. METHODS: Balb/c @entity19 were used to graft fresh @entity263 tissue by renal subcapsular and orthotopic implantation. @entity3033 was supplemented. Animals were tracked by means of 30   MHz ultrasound to monitor @entity5 engraftment and growth. Autopsy, histology, PSA measurements as well as immunostaining and PCR for @entity1 tissue were performed to confirm @entity5 growth. RESULTS: Renal subcapsular engraftment was seen in 2 of 3 @entity19 . Orthotopic engraftment was observed in 7 of 11 animals (63.6%) with an overall engraftment of 5 out of 9 @entity1 specimens (55.6%). Ultrasound confirmed the @entity5 growth over time. Of interest, the tumorgrafts not only retained essential features of the parental @entity5 , but also stained positive for @entity5 specific markers such as AR, PSA, and @entity6639 . Tumor positive animals showed highly elevated serum PSA levels with confirmation of a @entity1 specific PCR sequence and a @entity1 endothelial cell lining in the @entity5 vessels. CONCLUSIONS: Standardized implantation of fresh @entity5 tissue in @entity19 prostates generates tumorgrafts with histological properties of organ-confined @entity263 . These tumorgrafts display a new approach for an optimized in vivo model of @entity263 and will allow further investigations on specific pathways of @entity5 initiation and progression as well as therapeutic response. Prostate 75:1526-1537, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
