Outcomes of epidural @entity1286 treatment in XXXX : nine years of clinical experience.

@entity1 @entity5 @entity532 @entity4783 @entity158 @entity1286 @entity284 @entity9
The outcome of epidural @entity1286 therapy is described in 146 consecutive @entity5 @entity1 who were treated by a community hospital-based @entity158 service. The routine procedure used a standard epidural catheter that was tunneled subcutaneously. One hundred and twenty-one @entity1 improved and stayed on lifelong or chronic epidural opioids. Mean treatment time was 92 days (median, 47; range, 2-2040); 49% of the time was spent as outpatients. Twenty-five @entity1 failed to respond to the treatment. The oral daily @entity1286 -equivalent dose prior to inclusion was 164 mg. The mean daily epidural start dose of @entity1286 was 18 mg (range, 6-120), and the mean daily dose at termination was 69 mg (range, 2-540). The dose escalations, described as the ratio of the maximum dose to the minimum maintenance start dose, were moderate, with a mean of 4.1 (median, 2.5), which corresponded to a percent increase of 5.1 (median, 2.7) per @entity1 per day. Lack of effect due to the character of the original symptoms or progression of @entity158 was the main reason for withdrawal from epidural opioid therapy (N = 27), followed by catheter-related problems (N = 9) and @entity532 (N = 5). Also due to @entity532 , epidural @entity1286 therapy was changed to @entity4783 or @entity284 in 19 @entity1 . Adjuvant systemic opioids were given to ten @entity1 and epidural local anesthetics were administered to 17 of the subjects. @entity9 , certain visceral @entity158 types, incident @entity158 on movement, and @entity158 from cutaneous ulcerations were characteristics of poor responders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
