Relationship of ultrasound staging and bilateral biopsy positivity to outcome in stage XXXX treated with radiotherapy.

@entity1 @entity263 @entity5 @entity3837 @entity342
OBJECTIVES: The strict definition of Stage @entity263 is that the @entity5 is not palpable on digital rectal examination (DRE) or seen on imaging studies such as ultrasound. The inclusion of ultrasound imaging was brought about without an understanding of the relationship between ultrasound upstaging and prognosis. We have also noticed that in clinical practice, treatment decisions are made on the basis of the finding of bilateral versus unilateral biopsy positivity. The objectives in this study were to determine the prognostic significance of upstaging by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to @entity3837 or uT3, and unilateral versus bilateral biopsy positivity in @entity1 with Stage T1c @entity5 as determined by DRE (DRE-Stage T1c @entity1 ). METHODS: Between 1987 and 1995 there were 643 @entity1 with @entity5 treated with external beam radiotherapy; 24 had T1a, 76 had T1b, 183 had T1c, 133 had T2a, 168 had T2b, and 59 had T2c. Of these, 135 DRE-Stage T1c @entity1 underwent ultrasound staging and 122 underwent bilateral prostate biopsies. All had pretreatment prostate-specific antigen values (PSAs) available and no @entity1 received adjuvant @entity342 ablation. The median pretreatment PSA was 9.1 ng/mL, median radiotherapy dose was 66.0 Gy, and median follow-up was 41 months. Post-treatment failure was defined as disease recurrence and/or two elevations in PSA on consecutive follow-up visits. RESULTS: The 5-year freedom from failure rate for DRE-Stage T1c @entity1 (71%) was not significantly different from that of DRE-Stage T1b (65%) or DRE-Stage T2a (71%) @entity1 . There was a trend (P = 0.1) toward a worse outcome for DRE-Stage T2b/T2c @entity1 compared with DRE-Stage T1b/T1c/T2a @entity1 . The distribution of DRE-Stage T1c @entity1 by ultrasound staging was 29 with uT1c, 88 with @entity3837 , and 18 with uT3 findings. Twenty percent of @entity1 had bilateral positive biopsy specimens. In univariate and multivariate analyses, the only correlates of @entity1 outcome were pretreatment PSA (P < or = 0.002) and isocenter dose (P = 0.03). TRUS upstaging had no effect on freedom from failure; uT1c @entity1 had about the same risk of relapse or a rising PSA as @entity3837 or uT3 @entity1 . @entity1 with bilateral positive prostate biopsy specimens had about the same prognosis as those with unilateral positive biopsy specimens. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity1 with DRE-Stage @entity263 , the data indicate that ultrasound staging and bilateral biopsy positivity are not predictive of outcome for @entity1 treated with external beam radiotherapy and treatment decisions should not be based on these parameters.
