Productivity loss and indirect costs associated with XXXX and related clinical procedures.

@entity1 @entity717 @entity407 @entity65
BACKGROUND: The high acute costs of @entity65 and acute @entity65 are well established, particularly in terms of direct medical costs. The costs associated with lost work productivity have been described in a broad sense, but little is known about workplace absenteeism or short term disability costs among high cardiovascular risk @entity1 . The objective of this study was to quantify workplace absenteeism (WA) and @entity717 ( @entity717 ) hours and costs associated with @entity65 and related clinical procedures (CVERP) in United States employees with high cardiovascular risk. METHODS: Medical, WA and/or @entity717 data from the Truven Health MarketScan   Research Databases were used to select full-time employees aged 18-64 with @entity407 during 2002-2011. Two cohorts (with and without CVERP) were created and screened for medical, drug, WA, and @entity717 eligibility. The CVERP cohort was matched with a non-CVERP cohort using propensity score matching. Work loss hours and indirect costs were calculated for @entity1 with and without CVERP and by CVERP type. Wages were based on the 2013 age-, gender-, and geographic region-adjusted wage rate from the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. RESULTS: A total of 5,808 WA-eligible, 21,006 @entity717 -eligible, and 3,362 combined WA and @entity717 eligible @entity1 with CVERP were well matched to @entity1 without CVERP, creating three cohorts of @entity1 with CVERP and three cohorts of @entity1 without CVERP. Demographics were similar across cohorts (mean age 52.2-53.1  years, male 81.3-86.8  %). During the first month of follow-up, @entity1 with CVERP had more WA/ @entity717 -related hours lost compared with @entity1 without CVERP (WA-eligible: 23.4 more hours, @entity717 -eligible: 51.7 more hours, WA and @entity717 -eligible: 56.3 more hours) (p   <   0.001). Corresponding costs were  683,  895, and  1,119 higher, respectively (p   <   0.001). Differences narrowed with longer follow-up. In the first month and year of follow-up, @entity1 with coronary artery bypass graft experienced the highest WA/ @entity717 -related hours lost and costs compared with @entity1 with other CVERP. CONCLUSIONS: CVERP were associated with substantial work loss and indirect costs. Prevention or reduction of CVERP could result in WA and @entity717 -related cost savings for employers.
