The pathogenesis and biochemistry of XXXX .

@entity5066 @entity527 @entity66 @entity2783 @entity2262 @entity1582 @entity5167
The transformation of serum proteins into Congo red-sensitive fibrillar material is requisite for the onset and progression of @entity66 . All the mechanisms which lead to the disease itself have not been elucidated, but our knowledge has increased significantly. It is apparent that in all types of amyloid fibrils, three common features are displayed by the major protein constituents. These are that the fibril protein has a serum precursor, a high degree of anti-parallel beta-sheet conformation and a distinctive ultrastructure on electron microscopy. In the AL and @entity5066 forms of @entity2783 , the putative precursors appear to undergo limited degradation to form the protein component of amyloid fibrils. It has been suggested that there may be certain primary structural characteristics inherent in precursor molecules which make them amyloidogenic, thus predisposing them to amyloid fibril formation. This would include certain subtypes of immunoglobulin light chains, possibly kappa I and lambda VI, in the @entity1582 and one of the polymorphic SAA species, @entity5167 , which has been identified as the predominating isotype found in @entity5066 amyloid fibrils. In @entity2783 , the mechanism of amyloid fibril formation appears to be simply a concentration phenomenon where elevated concentrations of @entity2262 are not handled normally and @entity527 is the result. Amyloidogenesis in the hereditary form of @entity1582 may involve other factors in addition to the presence of a variant precursor prealbumin as indicated by the delayed onset of the disease. It is evident that the elucidation of the mechanism(s) which governs the onset and progression of the amyloidoses will allow future regulation and treatment of these all too often complex disorders.
