Circulating levels of XXXX are associated with poorer outcomes of A/H1N1 infection.

@entity1 @entity778 @entity25692 @entity650 @entity1261 @entity1199 @entity3124 @entity1193 @entity10018 @entity10013 @entity379 @entity10074 @entity371 @entity6529 @entity687 @entity22869 @entity3373
BACKGROUND: Overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines is frequently associated with severe clinical manifestations in @entity1 infected with @entity778 . Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved small non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in different inflammatory conditions. METHODS: We studied the circulating and miRNA profiles in @entity3124 A/H1N1 @entity1 , A/H1N1 @entity1 with milder disease, asymptomatic housemates and healthy controls. Cytokine, chemokine and growth factors that were potential targets of differentially expressed miRNAs were assessed. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and interactome analysis of these miRNAs were also performed. RESULTS: @entity3124 @entity1 exhibited a significant over-expression of circulating @entity6529 (p<0.005) when compared to @entity1 with milder disease. @entity22869 , @entity3373 and @entity25692 were differentially expressed in @entity1 with severe A/H1N1 disease whereas @entity10018 , @entity10013 and @entity10074 were downregulated in individuals exposed to the A/H1N1 virus. Significant correlations (p<0.05) between circulating levels of @entity6529 with @entity1193 , @entity1199 , @entity650 , @entity687 , @entity379 , @entity371 and @entity1261 were detected, particularly in @entity3124 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The up-regulation of @entity6529 is associated with poorer outcomes of A/H1N1 infection. The differential expression of miRNAs related with immune processes in severe A/H1N1 disease supports the potential role of these miRNAs as biomarkers of disease progression.
