Demonstrating the pharmacogenetic effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on long-term prognosis of XXXX .

@entity1 @entity7744 @entity712 @entity1289 @entity7742 @entity29109 @entity2178 @entity26701 @entity26201 @entity26203 @entity7743 @entity26200
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors and pharmacogenetic interaction on the survival of the @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ). A total of 285 subjects with @entity712 confirmed by echocardiography were recruited in the period between 1995 and 2003. Baseline characteristics (age, sex, prior history, medication, and echocardiographic findings) and genetic polymorphisms ( @entity1289 gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism; @entity26203 , @entity7742 , @entity29109 , @entity26201 , @entity26701 , and @entity26200 polymorphisms of the @entity2178 ( @entity2178 ) gene; and @entity7744 polymorphisms of the angiotensin II type I receptor ( @entity7743 )) were collected and matched (by propensity score) in those who received and those who did not receive @entity1289 inhibitors. The @entity1 were followed up to 10 years. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models were used to demonstrate the survival trend. The 85 @entity1 who received @entity1289 inhibitors and the other 85 @entity1 who did not were found to have comparable baseline characteristics and polymorphism distribution. Prescription of @entity1289 inhibitors was associated with a significant decrease in overall mortality (hazard ratio (HR), 0.45; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.24-0.83; P=0.01), and a lower rate of cardiovascular events at 4000 days (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.32-0.90; P=0.02). In addition, @entity1289 I/D gene D allele was associated with higher overall mortality as compared with the I allele (HR, 2.04; P=0.003). This effect was diminished in those who received @entity1289 inhibitors. The use of @entity1289 inhibitor was associated with a significant decrease in long-term mortality and cardiovascular events in the @entity1 with @entity712 . Genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin system genes were also associated, but their effects could be modified by the use of @entity1289 inhibitors.
