The rising incidence of XXXX with @entity292 .

@entity1 @entity1997 @entity55 @entity3509 @entity292
PURPOSE: The incidence and etiology of @entity3509 with @entity292 (EWF) in @entity1 is unknown. We analyzed a national database to define the epidemiology and diagnoses associated with this condition. METHODS: Discharge data from the Kids' Inpatient Database were reviewed for EWF (ICD-9 diagnosis code 510.0) in @entity1  <=18  years from 2000 to 2012. @entity1 characteristics, institutional data, and accompanying conditions were evaluated. Weighted national estimates were calculated and incidence compared across years (2000, 2003, 2006, 2009) using the Rao-Scott Chi Square. RESULTS: From 2000 to 2012, 908 @entity1 were hospitalized with EWF. Age distribution was bimodal. Common primary diagnoses related to the hospitalization were @entity55 / @entity1997 (31.2  %) and EWF (19.3  %). Manipulation of the pleural space (e.g. decortication, drainage) comprised 45.0  % of procedures. Incidence rates of EWF increased (Rao Scott Adjusted Chi Square: 16.13, p  <  0.01) over the study period. Although not statistically significant, median length of stay and age of diagnosis decreased and increased, respectively. CONCLUSION: This first, national pediatric EWF study reveals rising incidence during the years 2000-2009. Despite limitations in ICD-9 coding, concomitant primary diagnoses and procedures suggest bronchopleural fistulae likely represent the vast majority of cases in this cohort. Multi-institutional studies are needed to confirm etiology and characterize outcome of EWF.
