Risk factors for XXXX in tropical America: a case-control study in the City of Esmeraldas, Ecuador.

@entity1 @entity697 @entity565 @entity1097 @entity402 @entity281 @entity5924 @entity56 @entity288
BACKGROUND: Despite the high @entity565 rates described in Latin America, @entity565 risk factors in poor urban settings are not well established. We investigated risk factors for @entity697 among Ecuadorian @entity1 . METHODS: A matched case-control study was carried out in a public hospital serving a coastal city. @entity1 with @entity697 were age- and sex-matched to non-asthmatics. A questionnaire was administered, and blood, as well as stool, and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. RESULTS: Sixty cases and 119 controls aged 5-15 were evaluated. High proportions of cases were @entity1097 with population-attributable fractions for @entity402 .5% for sIgE and 57.2% for SPT. Acute @entity565 risk increased with greater titers of mite IgE (3.51-50  kU/l vs. <0.70kU/l - OR 4.56, 95% CI 1.48-14.06, p  =  0.008; >50kU/l vs. <0.70kU/l - OR 41.98, 95% CI: 8.97-196.39, p  <  0.001). Asthma risk was significantly independently associated with @entity5924 (adj. OR: 38.9, 95% CI 3.26-465), parental educational level (adj. OR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08-1.46), and presence of sIgE (adj. OR: 36.7, 95% CI: 4.00-337), while a reduced risk was associated with current contact with pets (adj. OR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01-0.56). @entity281 was more frequent in cases (cases 35.6% vs. controls 7.8%, p  =  0.002). None of the cases were on maintenance therapy with inhaled @entity288 and most relied on emergency department for control. CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of @entity1 presenting to a public hospital with @entity697 were @entity56 to mite, particularly at high IgE titer. Poor @entity565 control resulted in overuse of emergency care.
