Lack of teratogenic effect of brief maternal insulin-induced XXXX in @entity35 during late neurulation.

@entity851 @entity600 @entity4053 @entity35 @entity413
We have previously shown that 1 h of maternal insulin-induced @entity4053 is teratogenic to @entity35 embryos during the initial stages of neurulation, when they are dependent on uninterrupted glycolysis (day 9.5-9.7 of development). To determine whether this vulnerability persists in later stages of neural tube and cardiac development, we infused insulin into 16 conscious pregnant @entity35 for 1 h beginning after embryos had developed the capacity for aerobic @entity413 metabolism (day 10.6 of development). Half of the pregnant animals were allowed to become hypoglycemic (44 +/- 2 mg/dl) during the insulin infusions. The other half received @entity413 infusions to maintain normoglycemia (130 +/- 3 mg/dl). Normal plasma @entity413 levels were maintained in all animals after the insulin infusions. Embryos were examined on day 11.5 of development. At that time, 1 of 111 embryos from the normoglycemic group and 1 of 109 embryos from the hypoglycemic group were grossly malformed (P greater than .5). Means of embryo crown-rump length (4.15 +/- 0.03 vs. 4.14 +/- 0.03 mm), somite number (29.7 +/- 0.1 vs. 29.8 +/- 0.2), and total protein content (320 +/- 5 vs. 326 +/- 6 micrograms) were also similar in the two groups (P greater than .5). Thus, we could not detect an embryotoxic effect of 1 h of maternal insulin-induced @entity4053 beginning at day 10.6 of development. This finding is in contrast to our prior demonstration that a similar period of @entity4053 occurring earlier in neurulation (day 9.7) caused @entity851 and @entity600 in embryos.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
