Recurrent Acute XXXX .

@entity1 @entity788 @entity10747 @entity1690 @entity101 @entity1333 @entity167 @entity49 @entity209 @entity253 @entity792 @entity255 @entity10055
@entity1 with recurrent acute @entity788 should be treated with the same supportive and symptom-oriented measures as those with acute @entity788 . The need for specific treatment depends on the cause of the @entity788 . @entity1 should discontinue @entity167 use, putative causative medications, and exposure to toxins or helminths in endemic areas. @entity209 need to be corrected, and appropriate treatment should be initiated for associated infections, @entity792 , @entity1333 , and @entity49 states. For @entity1 with @entity788 , @entity10747 is indicated if @entity253 persists or if @entity255 is present. Elective cholecystectomy may be performed in appropriate @entity1 ; otherwise, consider biliary sphincterotomy and @entity10055 for prevention of recurrent attacks. Transpapillary stenting or sphincterotomy of the minor papilla benefits some @entity1 with @entity788 and no other explanation for recurrent @entity788 . Surgical sphincteroplasty is reserved for those failing endoscopic treatment. Biliary sphincterotomy benefits more than 50% of @entity1 with @entity1690 and recurrent acute @entity788 . Some authors advocate pancreatic sphincter manometry and sphincterotomy for persistent @entity101 in @entity1 who have recurrent @entity788 after biliary sphincterotomy. In @entity1 with @entity788 , transpapillary stent placement serves as a short-term measure; most @entity1 ultimately require surgery.
