Potential role of @entity855 -binding cassette transporters against acaricides in the @entity278 XXXX sensu lato.

@entity1 @entity276 @entity137 @entity71807 @entity205 @entity278 @entity855
UNASSIGNED: @entity855 -binding cassette (ABC) transporters have been shown to be involved in pesticide detoxification in arthropod vectors and are thought to contribute to the development of drug resistance. Little is currently known about the role they play in ticks, which are among the more important vectors of @entity1 and animal pathogens. Here, the role of ABC transporters in the transport of @entity276 and ivermectin acaricides in the tick @entity278 (Ixodida: Ixodidae) was investigated. Larvae were treated with acaricide alone and acaricide in combination with a sub-lethal dose of the ABC transporter inhibitor @entity205 . The LC50 doses and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated by mortality data using probit analysis were 67.930   p.p.m. (95% CI 53.780-90.861) for @entity276 and 3741   p.p.m. (95% CI 2857-4647) for ivermectin. The pre-exposure of larvae to a sub-lethal dose of @entity205 reduced the LC50 dose of @entity276 to 4.808   p.p.m. (95% CI 0.715-9.527) and that of ivermectin to 167   p.p.m. (95% CI 15-449), which increased @entity137 by about 14- and 22-fold, respectively. The comparison of mortality data for each separate @entity71807 concentration showed the synergic effect of @entity205 to be reduced at higher concentrations of acaricide. These results show for the first time a strong association between ABC transporters and acaricide detoxification in @entity278 s.l.
