@entity1871 -dependent XXXX endometrial protein: a marker for monitoring @entity1 endometrial function.

@entity1 @entity1420 @entity42 @entity1871 @entity7216
@entity1420 (P), which is the major secretory product of the corpus luteum (CL) is the key hormone of pregnancy. CL defects that cause P to be secreted for too brief a period or at too low a rate are associated with an underdeveloped or inadequate endometrium which is incapable of supporting pregnancy. Some investigators, therefore, have recommended the use of exogenous P support in chronic @entity42 @entity1 who wish to conceive. However, the mechanisms by which P regulates endometrial function are poorly understood and there is no suitable, non-invasive method to monitor in individual @entity1 the endometrial response to either endogenous or exogenous @entity1420 . We therefore initiated a search for @entity1420 -dependent endometrial protein(s) which might serve as a marker to assess effects of @entity1871 therapy on endometrial function, and which might also afford insight into the mechanism of P action. We have detected a hormone-dependent endometrial protein designated @entity7216 . @entity7216 is a glycoprotein (molecular weight approximately 47,000) which is synthesized in the endometrial glands and secreted into the blood. Its synthesis increases dramatically during pregnancy, as indicated by a more than 1000-fold greater @entity7216 concentration in the decidua. @entity7216 is not synthesized by the immature placenta, but binds to placental cell membranes. In normally cycling women, the serum @entity7216 concentration increases in an exponential manner during the late luteal phase. In cycling infertile @entity1 , a direct relationship was found to exist between serum @entity7216 levels they attained in the late luteal phase and their endometrial development, the serum levels being subnormal in @entity1 with inadequate endometrium. Menstrual cycles that are anovulatory or with a @entity42 are associated with low luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels. In both pre- and post-menopausal women, serum @entity7216 levels increase following a @entity1871 challenge, demonstrating that @entity7216 is indeed a @entity1871 -dependent protein. Very low luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels are encountered in some @entity1 who do not conceive following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/EF), suggesting that endometrial inadequacy is a major cause of failure in this procedure. In @entity1 who undergo ovarian stimulation by exogenous hormones but do not conceive following IVF/ET, luteal phase serum @entity7216 levels are markedly higher in those who receive luteal phase P support than those with no support.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
