Influence of cigarette smoking on XXXX long-term outcomes.

@entity1 @entity565 @entity566 @entity117 @entity5381 @entity354 @entity50
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of smoking on long-term outcomes of @entity50 for chronic rhinosinusitis. METHODS: The study prospectively enrolled 274 @entity1 at the Department of Otolaryngology of the Warsaw Medical University from 1993 to 2000. All @entity1 were diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis and scheduled for the @entity50 . We evaluated subgroups of @entity1 with respect to @entity565 , @entity566 , @entity117 triad, @entity354 and @entity5381 . @entity1 were divided into smokers and non-smokers. @entity1 CT scan results were recorded according to the four-grade classification system by Kennedy. @entity1 were observed over a period between 2 to 9 years following the surgical intervention and had their surgery revised if the severity of symptoms were at the same level or worsened. RESULTS: Prior to @entity50 , 23% of smokers and 20% of non-smokers scored III or IV on the Kennedy Scale. The revision ESS was carried out in 27 @entity1 . In this group there were 20% smokers and 7% non-smokers, with the difference being significant. There was no significant difference in the postoperative quality of life scale scores. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows that while smoking did not influence preoperative symptoms, smokers had worse postoperative outcomes.
