MicroRNA in prostate, XXXX : a systematic review.

@entity263 @entity5 @entity150 @entity342 @entity703
CONTEXT: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Their altered expression and function have been observed in most @entity5 . MiRNAs represent potential disease biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets. OBJECTIVE: To review and evaluate the evidence implicating miRNAs in the pathogenesis of @entity263 ( @entity263 ), @entity150 ( @entity150 ), and @entity703 . EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic review was performed using PubMed and Embase to search for reports using strings for microRNA, non-coding RNA, @entity5 , prostate, @entity150 . Identified manuscripts were retrieved and references searched. Selected studies were required to concentrate on the role of miRNA in these @entity5 . EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We reviewed articles that focus on this topic. More than 40 miRNAs have been implicated in @entity5 and many target common carcinogenic pathways. In particular, apoptosis avoidance, cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenic signalling, and the generation of @entity342 independence are targeted or facilitated by more than one miRNA. Little work has been done to evaluate the translational applications for this knowledge to date. Novel therapeutic strategies have been developed and are under investigation to selectively modulate miRNAs; such work would potentially enable personalised @entity5 therapy. CONCLUSIONS: MiRNAs appear to be important modulators of @entity5 . Their expression is frequently altered in these @entity5 , and many are functionally implicated in their pathogenesis. They require evaluation to determine the translational role and therapeutic potential for this knowledge.
