Repair of Critical-Size Bone Defects Using Bone Marrow Stem Cells or Autogenous Bone With or Without Collagen Membrane: A Histomorphometric Study in XXXX Calvaria.

@entity95 @entity1062
UNASSIGNED: Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate bone healing after the use of a xenograft scaffold enriched with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), an autogenous bone graft, or the scaffold without BM-MSCs. Materials and Methods: Eighteen @entity95 were used for this study; bilateral 12-mm-diameter defects were created in the animals' parietal bones. The bilateral defects were filled with a xenograft enriched with BM-MSCs ( @entity1062 [ @entity1062 ]), with autogenous bone graft (positive control group [PCG]), or with a xenograft alone (negative control group [NCG]). In all groups, randomly, one defect was covered with a collagen membrane. The @entity95 were sacrificed 8 weeks after surgery, and their parietal bones were harvested and analyzed histomorphometrically. Results: Within the PCG and the NCG, the defects covered with the barrier membrane showed better bone healing. In the @entity1062 , the defects covered with the barrier membrane did not show better bone healing (intragroup comparisons by Wilcoxon and Friedman tests for paired data). @entity1062 showed percentage of mineralized tissue (MT) of 56.03%    3.49% with membrane and 57.71%    5.31% without membrane. PCG showed MT of 55.13%    4.83% and 49.69%    3.81% with and without membrane, respectively, and NCG showed MT of 26.77%    7.29% and 19.67%    2.66% with and without membrane, respectively. Conclusion: Both autogenous bone graft and a xenograft enriched with BM-MSCs were equally effective for bone reconstruction and better than the xenograft alone. The use of a barrier membrane seemed to have a synergistic effect on bone healing in PCG and NCG but not in @entity1062 .
