Diesel exhaust exposure and mortality among males in the American XXXX Society prospective study.

@entity1 @entity66 @entity706 @entity5 @entity2 @entity358 @entity150 @entity1575 @entity978 @entity204 @entity4288
In 1982, the American @entity5 Society enrolled over 1.2 million American @entity1 and @entity1 in a prospective mortality study of @entity5 and other causes in relation to different risk factors. The 2-year mortality of 461,981 males aged 40-79 years with known smoking habit has been analyzed in relation to exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) and to employment in selected occupations related to DE exposure. The relative risk (RR) for all causes of @entity204 for those exposed was 1.05 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97-1.13). For @entity2 , the RR was 1.18 (95% CI: 0.97-1.44). A dose-response effect was present. Railroad workers, heavy equipment operators, miners, and truck drivers had a higher mortality both for all causes and for @entity2 when compared with subjects with other occupations and no exposure to DE. Truck drivers exposed to DE were not at excess risk of @entity2 if compared with truck drivers unexposed to DE, but a trend of increasing risk with duration of exposure was suggested. DE exposure was also associated with increase in mortality for accidents, @entity66 , @entity4288 , and @entity1575 . An association based on small numbers was also present for @entity978 and @entity706 . No association with chronic @entity358 or with @entity150 was found.
