Amplification and protein expression of chromosome 12q13-15 genes in XXXX of the jaws.

@entity1 @entity242 @entity7465 @entity996 @entity5 @entity8985 @entity876 @entity421
Overexpression and amplification of several genes ( @entity7465 , @entity8985 and SAS) located on chromosome 12q13-15 have been noted to occur in various @entity1 @entity242 . As a result, two major growth regulation pathways may be inhibited. @entity7465 may down regulate the @entity876 -mediated growth control and @entity8985 may affect @entity996 -mediated events. To determine the frequency of alterations in these genes and their correlation with clinicopathologic features, we analyzed the @entity7465 and @entity8985 protein levels by immunohistochemistry and assessed @entity7465 , @entity8985 and SAS amplification by real-time PCR in nine @entity421 of the jaws. Positive staining for @entity8985 and @entity7465 was observed in eight cases (88.8%) and five cases (55.5%), respectively. Intense @entity8985 staining was noted in four cases (two high grade, one intermediate grade and one low grade). Intense @entity7465 staining was observed in the same four previous cases, as well as, one additional high-grade @entity5 . Individual DNA amplification for @entity8985 , @entity7465 and SAS was observed in six cases for each gene. Co-amplification was observed in five cases that showed @entity8985 and @entity7465 concomitant amplification and four cases that displayed amplification for all of the genes. In addition, among the five cases that presented @entity8985 and @entity7465 amplification, strong overexpression of @entity8985 and @entity7465 was observed in three and in four cases, respectively (three high grade and one intermediate grade). These results suggest that 12q13-15 genes are involved in @entity5 and concurrent amplification and overexpression of these genes might help to define high-grade @entity5 .
