Development of a new scale for @entity1282 in @entity1 with progressive XXXX : the @entity4094 Swallowing Status Scale (NdSSS).

@entity1 @entity4094 @entity1555 @entity1282 @entity746
UNASSIGNED: @entity1282 is one of the most critical problems in @entity1 with progressive @entity4094 . However, clinically useful and practical scales to evaluate @entity1282 are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop such a scale. An 8-stage @entity4094 Swallowing Status Scale (NdSSS) was developed and tested for its inter- and intrarater reliabilities, concurrent validity, and responsiveness. The NdSSS was used to evaluate 134 @entity1 with @entity1555 ( @entity1555 ) and 84 @entity1 with @entity746 ( @entity746 ). Inter- and intrarater reliabilities were examined with weighted kappa statistics. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the NdSSS with the existing scales [Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), Functional Intake LEVEL Scales (FILS), and @entity746 Functional Rating Scale-Revised Swallow (ALSFRS-R Sw)], using Spearman's correlation coefficients. Responsiveness was determined with the standardized response mean (SRM). For inter- and intrarater reliabilities, the weighted kappas were 0.95 and 1.00, respectively, for @entity1555 ; and 0.98 and 0.98, respectively, for @entity746 . The NdSSS showed strong correlations with the FOIS (rs  =  0.87 for @entity1555 , rs  =  0.93 for @entity746 , p  <  0.001), FILS (rs  =  0.89 for @entity1555 , rs  =  0.92 for @entity746 , p  <  0.001), and ALSFRS-R SW (rs  =  0.93, p  <  0.001). SRMs were 0.65 for @entity1555 and 1.21 for @entity746 . The SRM was higher in @entity1555 @entity1 for the NdSSS than for the other scales, while it was similar in @entity746 @entity1 and the other scales. Our originally developed NdSSS demonstrated sufficient reliability, validity, and responsiveness in @entity1 with @entity1555 and @entity746 . It is also useful in evaluating @entity1282 in @entity1 with progressive @entity4094 .
