Seven cases of granulomatous XXXX in the absence of extrarenal sarcoid.

@entity1 @entity8 @entity1289 @entity288 @entity460 @entity1986 @entity230 @entity370 @entity454
BACKGROUND: @entity8 in @entity370 may occur due to granulomatous @entity1986 . However, granulomatous @entity1986 in the absence of features of extrarenal sarcoid, or other causes, has been reported very rarely. In this report we describe seven such @entity1 . METHODS: Since 1995, we have identified a number of @entity1 with biopsy-proven granulomatous @entity1986 . @entity1 were excluded if they had (i) evidence of extrarenal sarcoid, (ii) infections that may have contributed to pathogenesis or (iii) an obvious drug-related aetiology. RESULTS: Seven @entity1 were identified, of whom five were male and two female, with a median age of 69. Median calculated creatinine clearance at presentation was 14 ml/min. Two had raised serum @entity460 at presentation and three had a raised serum @entity1289 . All @entity1 were treated with @entity230 and five out of seven had an improvement in their renal function. Two @entity1 progressed to @entity454 despite treatment with @entity230 . CONCLUSIONS: Idiopathic granulomatous @entity1986 may represent a renal-limited form of sarcoid. It may be associated with hypercalcaemia and a raised serum @entity1289 and usually responds to treatment with @entity288 .
