Chronic occupational exposure to XXXX causes DNA damage in electroplating workers.

@entity7599 @entity6596 @entity15583 @entity3407 @entity1011
BACKGROUND: Occupational exposure to @entity3407 compounds may result in adverse health effects. This study aims to investigate whether low-level @entity6596 ( @entity6596 ) exposure can cause DNA damage in electroplating workers. METHODS: 157 electroplating workers and 93 control subjects with no history of occupational exposure to @entity3407 were recruited in Hangzhou, China. @entity3407 levels in erythrocytes were determined by @entity15583 furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes was evaluated with the alkaline comet assay by three parameters: Olive tail moment, tail length and percent of DNA in the comet tail (tail DNA%). Urinary @entity7599 levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: @entity3407 concentration in erythrocytes was about two times higher in electroplating workers (median: 4.41  g/L) than that in control subjects (1.54  g/L, P < 0.001). The medians (range) of Olive tail moment, tail length and tail DNA% in exposed workers were 1.13 (0.14-6.77), 11.17 (3.46-52.19) and 3.69 (0.65-16.20), and were significantly higher than those in control subjects (0.14 (0.01-0.39), 3.26 (3.00-4.00) and 0.69 (0.04-2.74), P < 0.001). Urinary @entity7599 concentration was 13.65 (3.08-66.30)  g/g @entity1011 in exposed workers and 8.31 (2.94-30.83)  g/g @entity1011 in control subjects (P < 0.001). The differences of urinary @entity7599 levels, Olive tail moment, tail length and tail DNA% between these two groups remained significant (P < 0.001) even after stratification by potential confounding factors such as age, gender, and smoking status. @entity3407 exposure was found to be positively associated with @entity3407 levels in erythrocytes, urinary @entity7599 levels, Olive tail moment, tail length and tail DNA%. Positive dose-response associations were also found between @entity3407 levels in erythrocytes and Olive tail moment, tail length and tail DNA%. CONCLUSION: The findings in this study indicated that there was detectable @entity3407 exposure in electroplating workers. Low-level occupational @entity3407 exposure induced DNA damage.
