Longitudinal changes in hand grip strength, hyperinflation and 6-minute walk distance in @entity1030 XXXX and a control group.

@entity2337 @entity1 @entity5122 @entity1030
Introduction: In @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ), a decreased inspiratory/total lung capacity ratio ( @entity2337 /TLC), is associated with dynamic hyperinflation (DH) and poor exercise capacity. The association to upper extremity force measured by handgrip strength (HGS) and 6 minute walk distance has not been described. We hypothesized that @entity2337 /TLC affects muscle strength of upper and lower extremities affecting HGS and the six minute walk test (6MWD) performance. Methods: We prospectively measured lung function, HGS and 6MWD in 27 @entity1 with @entity1030 and 12 healthy nonsmoking individuals twice, 1 year apart. The @entity1 were classified according to level of hyperinflation in 2 groups, @entity2337 /TLC > or  <= 25%. Results: @entity1 with @entity1030 had reduced lung function, static hyperinflation, reduced HGS and 6MWD compared to the controls on both evaluations (p < 0.01). There was a statistically significant deterioration in HGS, @entity2337 /TLC and 6MWD after 1 year follow up in the @entity1030 compared to the control group (p < 0.001). More hyperinflation ( @entity2337 /TLC < .25) was associated with lower HGS and 6MWD (p < 0.001). Changes in @entity2337 /TLC correlated with changes in HGS (r = 0.429, p < 0.05). A multivariate analysis determined that @entity2337 /TLC was an independent factor associated to HSG and to 6MWD. Conclusion: Handgrip strength and 6MWD are reduced in @entity1 with @entity1030 , particularly in @entity1 with hyperinflation with evidence of @entity5122 not seen in controls. This suggests that resting hyperinflation may exert a detrimental effect on cardiac function and play a role in the reduced exercise performance in @entity1030 @entity1 .
