Prognostic communication in XXXX : A critical interpretive synthesis of the literature.

@entity1 @entity5
PURPOSE: For @entity1 with @entity5 , providing appropriate information about prognosis or chances of recurrent disease remains a difficult area of practice. Much research has suggested that @entity1 want to be given all available information, although the realities of attempting to do this are complex and may be perceived by some as uncaring. A review of recent literature was undertaken to explore the process of disclosure, @entity1 experience and preferences for information regarding prognosis or risk of recurrence. METHODS: A systematic approach was taken to searching electronic databases for relevant literature from 2004 to June 2014. Primary research from a range of methodological approaches was included and critical interpretive synthesis was employed to explore themes and identify gaps in the evidence. RESULTS: Twenty papers were identified as appropriate. They were diverse in objectives and @entity1 groups. Themes identified included: the nature of prognostic information, @entity1 need for prognostic information, @entity1 need to maintain hope, balancing hope and realism, @entity1 factors, disease factors and clinician factors. A thematic framework was developed. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 often struggle to fully understand complex prognostic information. They value help in making sense of this information and generally want information that supports hope. Working with @entity1 to understand and manage the uncertainty of their situation may be particularly valuable. Further research is needed to fully understand the process of prognostic information giving and what information @entity1 want regarding recurrence risk. Research should be aimed at identifying strategies helpful to @entity1 in managing uncertainty inherent in their situation.
