Effects of acute and chronic systemic XXXX on respiratory, cardiovascular and metabolic function, and cardiorespiratory reflexes.

@entity7865 @entity888 @entity2944 @entity4774 @entity3158 @entity177 @entity519 @entity35 @entity221 @entity65
UNASSIGNED: @entity888 ( @entity7865 ) is known to promote @entity65 or life-threatening @entity221 , however, there is still limited understanding of the mechanisms responsible for evoking the physiological changes. In this study, we systematically determined the effects on both autonomic and respiratory outflows as well as reflex function following acute and repeated administration of @entity7865 that enhances behavioural responses. Arterial pressure, heart rate, phrenic nerve discharge amplitude and frequency, lumbar and splanchnic sympathetic nerve discharge, interscapular brown adipose tissue and core temperatures, and expired @entity3158 were measured in @entity4774 -anaesthetized male @entity35 . Novel findings include potent increases in central inspiratory drive and frequency that are not dependent on @entity7865 -evoked increases in expired @entity3158 levels. Increases in non-shivering thermogenesis correlate with well-described increases in body temperature and heart rate. Unexpectedly, @entity7865 evoked minor effects on both sympathetic outflows and mean arterial pressure. @entity7865 modified @entity177 in response to @entity519 , @entity2944 and baroreceptor unloading. Chronically treated @entity7865 @entity35 failed to exhibit changes in baseline sympathetic, cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic parameters. The tonic and reflex cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic responses to @entity7865 challenge were similar to those seen in saline treated and drug naive animals. Overall, these findings describe independent and compound associations between physiological systems evoked @entity7865 and serve to highlight that a single dose of @entity7865 can significantly impact basic homeostatic systems and protective functions. These effects of @entity7865 persist even following chronic @entity7865 treatment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
