Increase in the oxidised low-density lipoprotein level by smoking and the possible inhibitory effect of @entity1780 therapy in XXXX with cardiovascular disease: a retrospective study.

@entity1 @entity4288 @entity1780 @entity1234 @entity1865 @entity165
OBJECTIVES: @entity1234 -modified low-density lipoprotein ( @entity1865 -LDL) level is a marker of oxidative stress and is linked to progression of @entity4288 ; however, the clinical factors affecting the oxidised LDL level have not been elucidated. We investigate various factors to identify correlation with @entity1865 -LDL level in high-risk @entity1 requiring catheter intervention. SETTING: Secondary care (cardiology), single-centre study. @entity1 : 600 @entity1 who were admitted to our hospital and underwent cardiac catheterisation. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood samples were obtained to measure lipid profiles and @entity1865 -LDL level. RESULTS: With regard to smoking status, @entity1865 -LDL level was significantly higher in ex-smokers/current smokers compared with non-smokers. Of note, there was no improvement of @entity1865 -LDL level even in @entity1 who had quit smoking. Multiple regression analysis showed that @entity1865 -LDL level was positively correlated with LDL- @entity165 (LDL-C) level, Brinkman index and male gender. The correlation between smoking status and either @entity1865 -LDL or LDL-C level was investigated in two groups: namely, @entity1 with and @entity1 without @entity1780 treatment. In the non- @entity1780 group, @entity1865 -LDL level and @entity1865 -LDL/LDL-C ratio were significantly higher in ex-smokers/current smokers compared with non-smokers, while no significant correlation was observed between smoking status and LDL-C level. In contrast, in the @entity1780 group, there were no significant correlations between smoking status and any of the @entity165 parameters. CONCLUSIONS: We found that @entity1865 -LDL level was affected by multiple factors, such as smoking status, LDL-C level and male gender. The present findings give additional evidence that smoking should be prohibited from a @entity1865 -LDL standpoint. Furthermore, @entity1780 therapy might have a beneficial effect on the reduction of @entity1865 -LDL level.
