Adverse effects of XXXX .

@entity1 @entity1568 @entity3727 @entity2172 @entity26 @entity2186 @entity1853 @entity519 @entity3810 @entity1744
Although once considered completely devoid of complications, it is now recognised that the misuse or inappropriate use of @entity3810 ( @entity3727 ) often results in adverse side effects. @entity519 , particularly the entity 'diffusion @entity519 ', can occur with the administration of inadequate amounts of @entity26 during or immediately after a @entity3727 anaesthetic. @entity3727 will diffuse into air-containing cavities within the body faster than @entity1568 diffuses out. This results in a temporary increase in either the pressure and/or volume of the cavity depending upon the distensibility of its walls. The magnitude of the effect is proportional to the blood supply of the cavity, the concentration of @entity3727 inhaled and the length of time the @entity1 is exposed to @entity3727 . Significant morbidity or even death can result from this phenomenon. A property unique to @entity3727 is its ability to oxidise and inactivate the @entity2186 components of certain enzymes in both animals and @entity1 . One such enzyme, @entity1853 synthetase is essential for normal DNA production. Animal and @entity1 studies have demonstrated that the haematological, immune, neurological and reproductive systems are each affected. These adverse effects of @entity3727 can occur after both acute (surgical) or long term (occupational) exposure to the gas. Because of its effects on the pressure and volume characteristics of air-containing spaces, @entity3727 should not be used for @entity1 with @entity1744 , pneumothorax, @entity2172 , and following cerebral air-contrast studies. Many anaesthesiologists feel that use of @entity3727 should be restricted during the first two trimesters of pregnancy because of its effects on DNA production and the experimental and epidemiological evidence that @entity3727 causes undesirable reproductive outcomes. Since @entity3727 affects white blood cell production and function, it has been recommended that @entity3727 not be administered to immunosuppressed @entity1 or to @entity1 requiring multiple general anaesthetics. Many anaesthesiologists believe that the potential dangers of @entity3727 are so great that it should no longer be used at all for routine clinical anaesthesia. However, the continued use of @entity3727 remains a controversial topic since, at present, a suitable substitute gas is not available.
