[ XXXX , early postnatal corticoid therapy and @entity5719 ].

@entity1 @entity649 @entity619 @entity5719 @entity306
The aetiology of cavitating @entity5719 (cPVL) involves pre and perinatal factors. Early postnatal @entity619 has been associated with an increase in @entity306 but its role in the development of PVL remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES: (1) Reevaluate major factors associated with cPVL, (2) Evaluate the potential effect of early postnatal @entity619 . METHOD: This retrospective case-control study (matched for gestational age, birth weight, twin pregnancy and date of birth) compared 50 premature @entity1 with cPVL diagnosed between D7 and D45 from 1995 to 2000 and 50 matched control newborns with normal serial neurosonograms. A data base with 97 selected perinatal variables was used to perform logistic regression analysis in controlling confounding variables, the results are expressed as adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The two populations were comparable for gestational age (median: 29.3 weeks, range: 24.4-34.7) and birth-weight (1297 g, 645-2130 g). The annual incidence of cPVL in preterm @entity1 with a gestational age < 33 weeks varied from 1995 to 2000: 1.3%, 4.5%, 13.4%, 2.1%, 3%, 2.9%. Early postnatal @entity619 was used in 23 of the newborns who developed cPVL (between november 1996 and march 1998). The only antenatal factor associated with cPVL was cardiac decelerations (28% vs 14%, OR = 3.4, 1.1-11.3). The postnatal risk factors were @entity649 requiring the use of rescue surfactant (78% vs 38%, OR = 4.2, 1.4-11.9) and early postnatal @entity619 at the time it was used (78% vs 17%, OR = 17.1, 3.9-73). CONCLUSION: The use of rescue surfactant and of early postnatal @entity619 in preterm @entity1 with @entity649 were independently associated with the subsequent occurrence of cPVL. Cardiac deceleration was the only antenatal factor associated with cPVL.
