Thrombophilic factors in ischaemic and non-ischaemic XXXX .

@entity1 @entity227 @entity2002 @entity4 @entity854 @entity2880 @entity4816
Two common causes of @entity227 in @entity4816 ( @entity4816 ) are retinal ischaemia and @entity4 . This study investigated whether thrombophilic factors are more prevalent in @entity1 with ischaemic @entity4816 than non-ischaemic @entity4816 . Twenty @entity1 with @entity4816 (10 ischaemic, 10 non-ischaemic) were prospectively recruited before starting systemic immunosuppression. Twenty-one different haemostatic parameters were tested. Seventeen @entity1 had at least one @entity854 . Three @entity1 had low Protein S, one had low Protein C. Three @entity1 had positive anticardiolipin antibody titres, 1 had poor fibrinolytic activity, 3 had raised @entity2002 levels. Ten @entity1 had raised lipoprotein (a) levels. @entity2002 levels were higher in the smokers (p = 0.02). Although all @entity2880 's factor levels were within the normal range, they were higher in the ischaemic group (p = 0.008), in which smoking was more prevalent. This study has shown a high prevalence of @entity854 in @entity4816 @entity1 , and implicates smoking in the aetiology of ischaemic @entity4816 .
