Mortality from non-malignant @entity1576 among workers in the Norwegian XXXX industry: associations with dust exposure.

@entity3617 @entity5 @entity565 @entity12957 @entity3885 @entity2415 @entity1576 @entity3674 @entity3440 @entity12958
OBJECTIVES: Increased mortality from @entity565 , chronic @entity3617 and @entity2415 has previously been reported among workers in the @entity12957 ( @entity12958 ) industry. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of specific exposure factors on mortality from @entity3885 ( @entity3885 ), using a newly revised job-exposure matrix. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1687 long-term workers employed in 1913-2003 in the Norwegian @entity12958 industry were characterised with respect to cumulative exposure to @entity3674 , @entity3440 , @entity12958 particles and @entity12958 fibres. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) for underlying causes of death, 1951-2007, were calculated stratified by category of cumulative exposure, and Poisson regression analyses of @entity3885 were performed using cumulative exposure variables. RESULTS: An increased total mortality (SMR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.2) and increased mortality from @entity5 , non-malignant @entity1576 and external factors, were observed. The SMR of @entity3885 was increased at the highest level of cumulative exposure to all investigated exposure factors. In the internal analyses, a twofold increased risk of @entity3885 was observed with increasing levels of cumulative exposure to @entity12958 particles. In a multivariate model, @entity12958 particles showed the most stable increased risk estimate when controlled for other exposure factors, among workers with less than 15 years of employment. Among workers with more than 15 years of employment, crystalline @entity3440 , primarily cristobalite, seemed to be the most important exposure factor. CONCLUSION: Exposure to @entity12958 and crystalline @entity3440 may contribute to @entity3885 development among @entity12958 industry workers in different time windows, and possibly through different mechanisms.
