Biofeedback of baroreflex sensitivity in XXXX with mild essential @entity101 .

@entity1 @entity101 @entity4375
An attempt was made to reduce blood pressure by increasing the baroreflex sensitivity ( @entity4375 ) via biofeedback. Six @entity1 with mild essential @entity101 and 5 normotensive @entity1 were studied during 8 biofeedback sessions. Each session consisted of 5 trials, 5 min each. The first and the last trials served as baselines of heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and @entity4375 . During the 3 middle trials the @entity4375 was calculated online using the sequencing technique. The resulting value was used as a visual analogue feedback signal. @entity1 were asked to increase @entity4375 . The mean @entity4375 was 8.3 [ms/mmHg] for the @entity101 @entity1 and 12.2 [ms/mmHg] for the normotensive @entity1 . During biofeedback trials as well as across sessions neither the @entity101 nor the normotensive group showed a statistically significant increase of @entity4375 , only heart rate variability increased significantly. Contrary to expectation blood pressure increased in both groups. One @entity101 subject made significant progress during the training by performing valsalva maneuvers. The data show that @entity4375 is reduced in @entity101 subjects. The increase of the heart rate variability could be a sign of the activation of the baroreflex although the @entity4375 itself did not increase. Despite the successful technical and organizational implementation of this biofeedback approach, it was not effective to systematically reduce blood pressure. A further development in the direction of guiding the @entity1 to use the valsalva breathing pattern and/or a prolonged duration of the biofeedback training might be promising.
