Behavioral and neurochemical analysis of ongoing @entity3478 in XXXX .

@entity0 @entity3522 @entity3478 @entity5 @entity935 @entity56 @entity158 @entity1286 @entity35
@entity5 -induced @entity158 is described as dull, aching ongoing @entity158 . Ongoing @entity3478 was characterized after intratibial injection of @entity0 cells in @entity35 . @entity5 produced time-dependent bone @entity56 but no spontaneous flinching. Conditioned place preference (CPP) and enhanced @entity935 (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell was observed after peripheral nerve block (PNB) selectively in @entity5 -bearing @entity35 revealing nociceptive-driven ongoing @entity158 . Oral @entity3522 reversed @entity5 -induced @entity56 but did not block PNB-induced CPP or NAc DA release. @entity5 -induced @entity56 , and PNB-induced CPP and NAc DA release, was blocked by prior subcutaneous implantation of a @entity1286 pellet. In sham @entity35 , @entity1286 produced a modest but sustained increase in NAc DA release. In contrast, @entity1286 produced a transient 5-fold higher NAc DA release in @entity5 bearing @entity35 compared with sham @entity1286 @entity35 . The possibility that this increased NAc DA release reflected the reward of @entity158 relief was tested by irreversible blockade of rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC)  -opioid receptors (MORs). The rACC MOR blockade prevented the @entity1286 -induced transient increased NAc DA release in @entity5 bearing @entity35 but did not affect @entity1286 -induced effects in sham-operated animals. Consistent with clinical experience, ongoing @entity5 was controlled by @entity1286 but not by a dose of @entity3522 that reversed evoked @entity56 . Additionally, the intrinsic reward of @entity1286 can be dissociated from the reward of relief of @entity5 by blockade of rACC MOR. This approach allows mechanistic and therapeutic assessment of ongoing @entity5 with likely translation relevance.
