Cryotherapy suppresses XXXX in an animal model.

@entity32 @entity10178 @entity19 @entity1421 @entity924 @entity1796 @entity158
UNASSIGNED: Cryotherapy (or cold treatment) has been a popular treatment to relieve @entity158 caused by injuries to tissues such as tendons. However, the exact mechanisms behind the beneficial effects of cryotherapy in tendons remain largely unclear. As @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) is known to be a major mediator of acute @entity32 in tissues, which is related to tissue @entity158 , we hypothesized that the beneficial effects of cryotherapy in tendons are mediated by downregulation of @entity1421 levels. To test this hypothesis, we applied cold treatment to @entity19 @entity924 using two animal models: exhaustive @entity19 treadmill running and acute @entity19 @entity1796 by needle penetration. We then measured the levels of @entity1421 and protein expression levels of @entity10178 , an enzyme responsible for @entity1421 production in tissues, under both experimental conditions. We found that treadmill running increased @entity1421 levels in both @entity924 compared to control @entity19 without running. Cold treatment for 30 min after treadmill running was sufficient to reduce @entity1421 levels to near baseline control levels in both tendons. An extension of cold treatment to 60 min resulted only in a marginal @entity924 , but a marked @entity924 . Moreover, @entity10178 protein levels in both tendons were also lowered by cold treatment, suggesting that the reduction of @entity1421 levels in tendons by cold treatment is at least in part due to the decreased @entity10178 expression. Similarly, in the acutely injured tendons, 30 min of cold treatment after needle penetration reduced @entity1421 levels when compared to the controls at room temperature (22  C). This decrease was sustained up to at least 3 h after the administration of cryotherapy. Given that @entity1421 is a known @entity158 sensitiser, the results of this study suggest that the ability of cold treatment to reduce @entity158 may be attributable to its ability to decrease @entity1421 production in tendons.
