Brain temperature in newborn piglets under selective head cooling with minimal XXXX .

@entity75 @entity1 @entity2332
BACKGROUND: Although selective @entity75 is expected to be a promising neuroprotective treatment, the thermal distribution under @entity2332 is not fully investigated. We applied selective head cooling to seven newborn piglets under general anesthesia in order to investigate the mechanism of cooling. METHODS: Seven healthy, large white piglets aged within 5 days after birth were studied. Temperatures were monitored at the superficial brain (0.5 cm), deep brain (2.0 cm), scalp skin, nasopharynx, tympanum, esophagus, and rectum. A radiant heater and a warmer blanket were used to maintain the normal rectal temperature (38.5-39 degrees C). For the first piglet, the coolant temperature was widely changed from 15 degree C to - 20 degree C in order to define the practical range. Subsequently, the coolant temperature was set at 10 degree C, 0 degree C, and - 10 degree C for the remaining six piglets. The target deep brain temperature was set at 35 degree C, as the same reduction of brain temperature might provide moderate @entity75 in the @entity1 neonate. RESULTS: With 0 degree C coolant temperature, the deep brain temperature was cooled to 35 degree C; however, the scalp skin attached to the cooling cap became broadly blotchy and injured in all animals. When we induced minimal @entity2332 by 1C for a cohort of three piglets, the deep brain temperature decreased in parallel with the rectal temperature, which enabled us to achieve the target temperature with 10 degrees C coolant without injuring the scalp skin. The scalp skin and nasopharyngeal temperatures were good predictors of both superficial and deep-brain temperatures throughout the experiment. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that moderate @entity75 may be applied to newborn @entity1 without inducing moderate @entity2332 .
