A review of XXXX treatment.

@entity1 @entity712 @entity1289 @entity101 @entity3362 @entity2514 @entity741 @entity299 @entity204 @entity1482 @entity4144
@entity712 is a common and costly medical condition. @entity741 and @entity101 account for most cases of @entity712 in developed countries. Estimates of the one-year mortality rates for @entity1 with @entity299 ( @entity299 ) Class II, III, and IV are 10%, 20%, and 40%, respectively. @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors reduce mortality of @entity712 @entity1 by approximately 25% (odds ratio 0.77, 95% CI 0.67 0.88). Larger doses of @entity1289 inhibitors are more effective in preventing hospitalization than are lower doses. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are an alternative for @entity1 who cannot tolerate @entity1289 inhibitors because of their side effects (e.g., cough). Evidence for benefits of using combination of @entity1289 inhibitors and ARBs is encouraging, but requires further study. For @entity1 who cannot tolerate either @entity1289 inhibitors or ARBs, vasodilator therapy with @entity2514 and @entity3362 will probably provide benefit. (Diuretic therapy, while a mainstay of @entity712 treatment, is primarily used for symptom relief.) There is also evidence that @entity1482 reduces mortality (relative risk reduction 30%, 95% CI 18 40%) for @entity1 with @entity299 class III and IV @entity712 . When administering @entity1482 to @entity712 @entity1 , monitoring for @entity4144 is essential. After two centuries of use, randomized controlled trials have finally demonstrated that digoxin is effective in preventing hospitalizations (relative risk reduction 28%, 95% CI 21 34%). There is now overwhelming evidence that beta-blockers are safe for @entity712 @entity1 but that they reduce the risk of @entity204 for these @entity1 by approximately 30%. In addition to these medical interventions, @entity712 @entity1 may also benefit from a number of non-pharmacological interventions.
