The natural history of @entity5380 in XXXX .

@entity1 @entity410 @entity548 @entity16 @entity600 @entity51 @entity5380 @entity76
UNASSIGNED: OBJECT @entity5380 (CMs) are a source of @entity16 from @entity410 and focal @entity51 due to mass effect and @entity548 . Although several natural history reports exist for adults with CMs, similar data for pediatric @entity1 are limited. METHODS The authors reviewed hospital databases to identify @entity1 with CMs who had not been treated surgically and who had clinical and radiological follow-up. @entity548 rates were calculated in lesion-years, and risk factors were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS In a cohort of 167 @entity1 with 222 CMs, the mean @entity1 age at the time of diagnosis was 10.1 years old (SD 6.0). Ninety @entity1 (54%) were male. One hundred four @entity1 (62%) presented with @entity548 from at least 1 CM, 58 (35%) with @entity410 with or without @entity548 , and 43 (26%) with incidental lesions. Twenty-five @entity1 (15%) had multiple CMs, 17 (10%) had a family history of CMs, and 33 (20%) had radiologically apparent @entity600 ( @entity600 ). The overall annual @entity548 rate was 3.3%. Permanent @entity16 was 29% per @entity548 , increasing to 45% for brainstem, thalamic, or basal ganglia CM and decreasing to 15% for supratentorial lobar or @entity76 . The annual @entity548 rate for incidental CMs was 0.5%; for hemorrhagic CMs, it was 11.3%, increasing to 18.2% within the first 3 years. @entity548 clustering within 3 years was statistically significant (HR 6.1, 95% CI 1.72-21.7, p = 0.005). On multivariate analysis, hemorrhagic presentation (HR 4.63, 95% CI 1.53-14.1, p = 0.007), brainstem location (HR 4.42, 95% CI 1.57-12.4, p = 0.005), and an associated radiologically apparent DVA (HR 2.91, 95% CI 1.04-8.09, p = 0.04) emerged as significant risk factors for @entity548 , whereas age, sex, CM multiplicity, and CM family history did not. CONCLUSIONS Prior @entity548 , brainstem location, and associated @entity600 are significant risk factors for symptomatic @entity548 in @entity1 with CMs. @entity548 clustering within the first 3 years of a bleed can occur, a potentially important factor in @entity1 management and counseling.
