Mechanism of action and XXXX of purgatives used for colonoscopy preparation.

@entity1 @entity8 @entity137 @entity10457 @entity694 @entity970
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: In developed countries, colonoscopy volume has increased dramatically over the past 15 years and is the principle method used to screen for @entity694 . Preparations used for colon cleaning have evolved over the past 30 years. Some preparations have been shown to be unsafe and are now used on a limited basis. There has been progress on limiting the volume required and on taste improvement. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: This review provides an account of preparations used from 1980 when @entity970 -based preparations became widely available, until the present day. The review highlights their mechanism of action and principle @entity137 . The handling of solutes and solute-free fluid by the colon is also reviewed. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN: The reader will gain a perspective on the factors considered in developing colonic purgatives and the rationale for choosing selected preparations based on @entity1 factors such as age, co-morbidities and concomitant medications. TAKE HOME MESSAGE: Although generally safe and effective, colonic purgatives have both acute and permanent @entity137 . The safest preparations utilize @entity970 combined with a balanced electrolyte solution. Limitations of this preparation center on the volume required and poor taste. Alternative formulations are now available; however, those using @entity10457 have fallen out of favor due to a risk of @entity8 .
