Arterial Stiffness and XXXX .

@entity1 @entity8 @entity455 @entity470 @entity432 @entity122
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The independent link between @entity432 and CKD remains unknown. We investigated the association of indicators of @entity432 with @entity8 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity1 , _ MEASUREMENTS: We studied 3666 @entity1 (mean age =65 years old; 58% @entity1 ) from the Rotterdam Study. Pulse pressure (PP), carotid stiffness, and pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ) were measured. We created genetic risk scores for PP and @entity122 . @entity8 and incident CKD were assessed using @entity470 . To put our findings in context of the literature, we performed a meta-analysis of the available population-based studies. RESULTS: After a median (interquartile range) follow-up time of 11 (10.7-11.3) years, 601 @entity1 with incident CKD were recognized. In the model adjusted for age, sex, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and baseline GFR, each SD higher PP was associated with 0.15-ml/min per 1.73 m(2) steeper annual @entity470 decline (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.10 to 0.20) and 11% higher risk of incident CKD (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.18). Each SD greater carotid stiffness was associated with 0.08-ml/min per 1.73 m(2) steeper annual @entity470 decline (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.13) and 13% higher risk of incident CKD (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.22). Each SD higher @entity122 was associated with 7% higher risk of incident CKD (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.14). Incorporating our findings in a meta-analysis, each SD higher PP and @entity122 were associated with 16% (95% CI, 1.12 to 1.21) and 8% (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.14) higher risks of incident CKD. Each SD higher PP genetic risk score was associated with 0.06-ml/min per 1.73 m(2) steeper annual @entity470 decline (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.10) and 8% higher risk of incident CKD (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.14). There was no association between @entity122 genetic risk score and kidney function decline. CONCLUSIONS: Higher indices of @entity432 are associated with steeper @entity8 . This suggests that @entity455 could be considered as a target for delaying @entity8 .
