INTRODUCTION: People with chronic conditions, common among rehabilitation populations, may have risk factors that put them at higher risk for more severe illness due to COVID-19. OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare adherence to public health guidelines, willingness to adhere to public health guidelines (including vaccination), information-seeking, and perceived trustworthiness of information among people with and without chronic conditions during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN: National cross-sectional online survey of people with and without chronic health conditions conducted from April through May 2020. PARTICIPANTS: Survey respondents were people with and without chronic conditions, >18 years old, able to read English, and in the U.S. since January 2020. In total, 3,109 survey responses were received and 2,572 complete unique responses were used in analysis. METHODS: The survey assessed demographics, adherence to public health measures, information-seeking, and perceived trustworthiness of information sources. Descriptive analyses characterized the sample, and t-tests and nonparametric tests were used to compare those with and without a chronic condition on the public health measures. RESULTS: Participants with a chronic condition reported high adherence to public health recommendations and high willingness to adhere to anticipated recommendations across a wide range of chronic conditions and similar to those without a chronic condition despite advised caution for people with underlying health conditions. 70.8% of those with a chronic condition reported a willingness to be vaccinated. Participants reported accessing information from varied sources, with perceived trust highest for the healthcare providers and lowest for social media. CONCLUSION: Participants reported high adherence to public health measures, regardless of chronic condition status, during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Knowledge of adherence to public health measures, information-seeking, and trust in information can assist rehabilitation providers and organizations seeking to mitigate disease transmission, particularly for those with chronic conditions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.